Exploring the Effect of Phenotypic Variability on Genetic gain in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Yield under Semi Drought Conditions
Exploring the Effect of Phenotypic Variability on Genetic gain in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Yield under Semi Drought Conditions
Shiguftah Khalid1, Muhammad Jahanzaib2*, Haris Khurshid2, Rabia Khalid3, Sundas Waqar3, Faiza Siddique3, Fazal Yazdan Saleem Marwat3 and Zahid Akram1
ABSTRACT
Peanut breeding has gained importance gradually by the awareness of the tremendous benefits of this crop from the health and nutritional point of view, arousing considerable production in Pakistan. The pod that encloses the seeds is an economically vital part of the groundnut plant and enhance the market value of groundnut. The experiment was conducted in the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Pir Mehar Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi during Kharif, 2020 with RCBD Design 15 genotypes keeping in view, 15 important yield-related parameters were selected to study under correlation and path analysis. Correlation analysis revealed a significant relation of pod yield with directly contributing yield components like, Peg-1, Pods -1, MPP-1, APL and HSW. In contrast, LA, LLA, PB, SB, MPP-1 and SP were those characters that were in a strong negative association with pod yield. The association of these characters with pod yield indicated the importance of these traits for selecting high yielding genotypes under the screening process. Path analysis revealed a positive direct effect of leaflet area, pods per plant, shelling percentage, average pod length and hundred seed weight. In contrast, leaf area, pegs per plant and mature pods per plant revealed negative direct effect. The mean values for genotypes N0334, abCG005 and BARI-2000 had maximum pod yield per plant among all the genotypes. Biplot and cluster analysis indicated the overall variability among genotypes and degree of genetic diversity. Cluster demonstration also validates the association of parameters revealed in correlation analysis. Thus results provide the information of the association of characters in correlation and split the correlation value into indirect and direct effects of characters to yield, useful for selection of traits in the breeding program.
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