Biological and Serological Studies on Pea Mosaic Virus (PMV) on Cowpea Forage Crop (Vignaunguiculata L. Walp)
Biological and Serological Studies on Pea Mosaic Virus (PMV) on Cowpea Forage Crop (Vignaunguiculata L. Walp)
M. A. Kararah1, Om-Hashem M. El-Banna1, Salwa N. Zein2 and Abd-Elrehiem, A.F.3
ABSTRACT
In the present work, Pea mosaic (PMV) was first reported on cowpea
(Vignaunguiculata (L.) Walp).PMV was isolated from naturally infected
cowpea plants, showing mosaic and choloratic ring spot symptoms, which
had been grown in the experimental fields of Giza Agricultural Research
Experimental Station (A.R.E.S) in 2008. Identification studies based on host
range, symptomatology and seed transmission through cowpea and different
hosts belong to Fabaceae.The results indicated that the host range of the
virus was expanded to seven different plant families. The virus was
mechanically transmitted, and the percentage of seed transmission was 6%.
PMV was partially purified for its antiserum production. The absorption
spectrum of the purified virus had a min at 245 nm and a max at 260 nm. The
ratios of A260/280, A280/260 and Amax/min were 1.16, 0.85, and 1.04,
respectively. Yield of PMV was 1.7 mg/100g of infected leaves. Electron
micrographs of the partially purified virus preparation revealed the presence
of filamentous flexuous virus particles about 700- 750nm long. Titers of the
antisera after first, second and third bleeding were 1/800, 1/1600 and 1/3200
respectively.The optimum concentrations of IgG and IgG conjugate were 1.0
μg/ml and 1/1000, respectively. The antigen dilution end point was
1:500.The produced antiserum was evaluated by ELISA and DBIA. Electron
microscopy f ultrathin-section of PMV- infected leaf tissue revaled several
morphological changes and aggregated virus particles associated with
pinwheel inclusion bodies. Salicylic acid and Parahydroxy benzoic acid
were used for induction of systemic acquired resistance, whereas camphor
oil was used as an antiviral agent to reduce PMV infection. Parahydroxy
benzoic acid was effective at 0.001% concentration, exhibited 88.7%
reduction when had applied 2h before inoculation. Also, salicylic acid was
effective as it reduced infection to 77.4% at 0.01% concentration when
applied 3h before inoculation. Whereas camphor oil exhibited lesser
reduction being (74.6) when used at 0.001% concentration before 2 h from
inoculation.
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July 2014
Vol. 11, Iss. 2, Pages 1-310
