Assessment of Various Biochar Sources as a Dietary Additive in Cirrhinus mrigala Fingerlings to Enhance Mineral Status, Carcass Composition, and Antioxidant Activity
Assessment of Various Biochar Sources as a Dietary Additive in Cirrhinus mrigala Fingerlings to Enhance Mineral Status, Carcass Composition, and Antioxidant Activity
Muhammad Adnan Khalid1, Syed Makhdoom Hussain1*, Shafaqat Ali2,3*, Abdullah Ijaz Hussain4, Muhammad Asrar1, Nisar Ahamd5, Majid Hussain6 and Muhammad Zubair-ul-Hassan Arsalan7
ABSTRACT
Abstract | Aquaculture is the fastest industry to produce animal protein but its growth is impeded by the cost of fishmeal, an optimal protein source for fish health. In this study, we examined the feasibility of various biochar supplements with Moringa oleifera seed meal (MOSM). Six iso-nitrogenous and iso-energetic diets were prepared: Control (without biochar) and diet II (parthenium biochar), diet III (farmyard manure biochar), diet IV (poultry waste biochar), diet V (vegetable waste biochar) and diet VI (corncob waste biochar). Triplicate groups of 15 fingerlings were kept in V-shaped tanks. In present study, a trial of 90 days was conducted to assess the effects of different types of biochar on body composition, mineral status and antioxidant activity of Cirrhinus mrigala. At the conclusion of feeding trial, the protein content was highest (18.51±0.13%) in fingerlings fed with poultry waste biochar and lowest (15.35±0.11%) in fish fed with parthenium biochar. Mineral content was also significantly different in each fish group as compared to control diet. The diet contained Parthenium biochar showed poor results (P<0.05) in terms of minerals except Se (0.65±0.004 mg/kg). Antioxidant enzymes activity was the highest (P<0.05) in fingerlings fed with poultry waste biochar (peroxidase: 43.48 U/ml, catalase: 46.39 U/ml and superoxide dismutase: 48.20 U/ml) followed by the farmyard manure biochar (peroxidase: 40.77 U/ml, catalase: 43.47 U/ml and superoxide dismutase: 41.19 U/ml). The presented results showed that the different sources of biochars (poultry waste, farmyard manure, vegetable waste and corncob waste biochars), could improve the body minerals, body composition and serum antioxidant status of C. mrigala fingerlings except parthenium biochar. This study indicates that biochar could be used as supplement in fish diets to improve mineral status, carcass composition, and antioxidant activity.
Novelty Statement | Our results show efficacy of various sources of biochar on the mineral status, body composition and antioxidant activity of fish which can be further recommended.
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