Yashab Tur
Science, Religion and Culture, Vol. 2, Iss. 2
...science that attempts to extract God from the explanatory hypothesis.
...
Asma Noshad1, Mudassar Iqbal1*, Zafar Iqbal1, Hamida Bibi2, Saifullah3, Salma Bibi4, Hamid Ullah Shah1
...ity of the ethyl acetate extracts from fruit bodies, mycelia and fermentation filtrate obtained from Pleurotus ostreatus also known as the oyster mushroom. The percent mortality of Macrosiphum rosae (rose aphids) and the LC50 values were calculated and used as an indicative of insecticidal potential. The maximum mortality of aphids was achieved at 80 µg mL-1 and the LC50 for the fruit body extract...
Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro*, Habib-Ur-Rehman Memon, Muhammad Ali Ansari, Ahmed Naqi Shah
...50 L ha-1, sorghum water extracts @ 15 L ha-1 (twice) and 25 L ha-1 (once and twice) and sunflower water extracts @ 15 L ha-1 (twice) and 25 L ha-1 (once and twice), sorghum water extract @ 15 L ha-1+1.25 L ha-1 Dual Gold and sunflower water extract @ 15 L ha-1+1.25 L ha-1 Dual Gold. In interculturing the land space in between two rows of ...
Nazish Huma Khan*, Mohammad Nafees and Adila Bashir
...-orchard fields and were extracted with Aqua-regia and Mehlich-3 extracting solutions for total and available metals respectively. Wheat crops from both fields (orchard and non-orchard) were collected and analyzed with aqua-regia for heavy metals contents. Results showed that the average concentrations of metals in soils of orchard and non-orchard fields were as chromium (Cr) 56.9 and 52.2 mg kg-1, Ni 29.8 and 27....
Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro, Qamaruddin Jogi, Mahmooda Buriro, Aijaz Ahmed Soomro, Ghulam Mustafa Laghari and Ali Nawaz Khaskheli
...eated), eucalyptus water extract at 10, 20 and 30 ml kg-1 soil, eucalyptus powder at 10, 20 and 30 g kg-1 soil, eucalyptus powder at 10 g kg-1 soil+water extract at 10 ml kg-1 soil, eucalyptus powder at 20 g kg-1 soil+water extract at 20 ml kg-1 soil and eucalyptus powder at 30 g kg-1 soil+water extract at 30 ml kg-1 soil. Data showed that all the treatm...
Felwa A. Thagfan1, Mohamed A. Dkhil1,2* and Saleh Al-Quraishy1
...lamic countries.The root extracts of S. persica has been tested for its anticoccidial activity against Eimeria paillata induced infection in mice jejunum. Three different doses, 300, 600 and 900 mg/kg were used after infection of mice with sporulated oocysts. A dose of 300 mg/kg reduced the number of oocyst output in mice faeces by about 56.8 % and also improved the body weight. In addition, the root extract de...
Aqila Shaheen and Mehwish Matien
...ailable phosphorus (AP), extractable potassium (K) and pH. Statistically (p ≤ 0.05) higher SOC contents of Inceptisols and Mollisols were 14.18 g kg-1 and 23.42 g kg-1, respectively under forest land use. At both sites forest soils had higher SOC and AP while K was higher in grassland use. Forest soils had slightly acidic pH and lower BD than cultivated land uses. Data combined over locations illustrated that Mollisols containe...
Misbah Riaz1, Qaiser Mansoor2, Maleeha Akram1, Muhammad Ismail2, Parveen Akhtar3, Shakeel Mirza4, Mazhar Qayyum1, Afzaal Ahmed Naseem1, Faheem Tahir5 and Syed Shakeel Raza Rizvi1*
...xamined. Genomic DNA was extracted and amplified by PCR using specific primers for GPR54 and GNRHR splice site exons. Mutations were analyzed by single-stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP) and/or sequencing. No mutation was identified in GPR54 gene, while two mutations in GNRHR gene were observed in one sporadic case of isolated HH. The first was a synonymous substitution mutation of T to G at nucleotide position 123, which did not replace valine with any...
Pan-pan Guo1, Wei Liu2, Yan Li2, Rui-yu Ma2, Wang Zaigui1*, Kai Zhan2*, Jun-ying Li2 and Sheng-nan Liu2
...in the present study. We extracted DNA from blood samples and analyzed polymorphisms of HTT gene as wells as possible association with egg production performances including age at first egg (AFE), laying rate (LR), egg production (EP), egg weight (EW), average egg weight (AEW). Two polymorphisms (G50831C and G62976A) were detected and located in exon 42 and intron 54 in HTT gene, respectively. One of them (g. 50831 G>C) was a missense mutation. Genotype and...
Taghreed A. Hafiz1, Murad A. Mubaraki1*, Mohamed A. Dkhil2,3 and Saleh Al-Quraishy2
...psicum annuum methanolic extracts. The extract of Capsicum annuum was prepared by maceration method and the total polyphenolic and flavonoids contents were determined using a spectrophotometric method. The antiradical scavenging property and the maximum nontoxic concentration of the extract was determined using DPPH assay and MTT method, respectively. Serial concentrations of the
John G. Bruno
...s were developed against extracted lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of E. coli O157 and the so called “Big six” non-O157 Shiga-toxin producing E. coli (STEC) serovars (O26, O45, O103, O111, O121 and O145). These aptamers were assessed by enzyme-linked aptamer sorbent assay (ELASA) to rank their relative affinities and discriminatory ability for distinguishing between each of the STEC serovars. The most specific biotinylated aptamers from the ELASA screeni...
Iram Liaqat1*, Najma Arshad2, Muhammad Arshad3, Safdar Ali Mirza4, Nazish Mazhar Ali1 and Ammara Shoukat1
...ous and methanolic plant extracts of Camellia sinensis (Green tea), Syzygium aromaticum (Clove) and Mentha piperita (Peppermint) was evaluated against identified isolates. Agar well diffusion assay was used to monitor the antimicrobial activity of these strains both in mono culture and mixed culture. Streptomycin sulphate (10 μgml-1) and Amphotericin B (5 mgml-1) were used as positive controls. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal...
Sidra-Tul-Muntaha1, Muhammad Sagheer1*, Mansoor-ul-Hasan1 and Shahbaz Talib Sahi2
...efficiency of five plant extracts (Azadirachta indica, Melia azadirach, Pegnum hermala, baryosma and Zingiber officinale) and three synthetic pyrethroids (bifenthrin, cypermethrin and deltamethrin) on three geographical populations of Callosobruchus chinensis collected during 2013 from Faisalabad, Multan and Nankana districts of Punjab, Pakistan. Three concentrations of each plant extract (5, 10, 15 and 20%) and synthetic p...
Sana Irshad Khan1*, Zafar Iqbal2, Hamid Ullah Shah2 and Shaukat Hussain3
...s. Ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract of PDB medium gave significant results against selected phytopathogens compared to GNB medium and selected for further study. Crude (1 µg.mL-1 ) obtained from PDB medium showed 2.50 ± 0.64 mm and 1.97 ± 0.21 mm inhibition zone against X. campestris and C. michiganensis respectively compared to positive reference (streptomycin) and negative refrence (EtOAc) using disc diffusion method. However, the same conce...
S. Bushra1,*, M. Tariq1, M. Naeem1, M. Ashfaq1, I. Bodlah1 and M. Ali2
...erve the effect of plant extracts and semiochemicals on physiology and performance of endoparasitoid of aphids, Diaeretiella rapae. Seven different treatments of semiochemicals and plant extract were applied on aphid pests, Sitobion avenae and Rhopalosiphum padi and parasitoid was released. The data regarding emergence, parasitism, sex ratio, tibia length, adult weight and adult longevity of parasitoid <...
Muhammad Mohsin Javed*, Muhammad Azhar Nisar, Bushra Muneer and Muhammad Usman Ahmad
...by using vegetable waste extract as substrate. The power production was analyzed for three days. Maximum power density of 88990mW/m2 with a current density of 314.4mA/m2 was observed on the second day of process with minimum internal resistance comparatively i.e. 123.23Ω. The higher power density shows efficiency of this U-shaped design compare to other dual chamber MFCs.
...
Farkhanda Manzoor1, Iram Amin2,*, Muhammad Shahid2,Samia Afzal2,Hania Ramzan1, Tahir Rehman Samiullah2 and Muhammad Idrees3
...ber of 2012 to 2014. RNA extracted from each mosquito larvae pool was tested by nested PCR for detection of dengue virus. Out of total 50 pools of Aedes aegypti larvae, DV-2 was the most prevalent serotype. DENV-1 was not found in any pool. While all pools of Aedes albopictus were negative for dengue virus. Our study showed that the main cause of spreading of dengue virus was Aedes aegypti. Serotype DENV-2 was dominant in the field collect...
Zafar Iqbal1* and Muhammad Khurshid2
...(ToLCNDV) from plant extracts of Nicotiana benthamiana plants inoculated with ToLCNDV. To immunocapture the ToLCNDV, two antisera raised against Tomato yellow leaf curl virus-coat protein (TYLCV-CP) and African cassava mosaic virus-coat protein (ACMV-CP) were used. However, immunocapture of ToLCNDV could only be achieved by using the TYLCV-CP antisera followed by PCR detection by using specific and degenerate primers. ToLCNDV is geographically wide ...
Muhammad Waqas1*, Anwar Ali Shad1, Omaira Bashir2 and Mohsin Iqbal3
Muhammad Asif Zahoor1, Zeeshan Nawaz1, Abu Baker Siddique1, Sajjad ur Rahman2 and Shahid Ali1*
...subjected to genomic DNA extraction to detect Mycoplasma spp. using multiplex-PCR. Isolation and identification data showed that a total of 58/96 samples (60.41%) were positive for Mycoplasma infections whereas a total of 61/96 blood samples were also found positive using serum plate agglutination. However, the multiplex-PCR detected Mycoplasma in all of the tissue samples, either one of the species or simultaneous infection. M. gallisepticum was found in 39/9...
Hamayun Khan1,*, Momen Khan2, Muhammad Subhan Qureshi3, Shakoor Ahmad1, Ali Gohar4, Hameed Ullah5, FarmanUllah6, Arab Hussain7, Pershotam Khatri8, Said Sajjad Ali Shah1, Hamid Rehman1 and Azmatullah Khan1
...ign: justify;">Green tea extract is plant–dervied natural antioxidant. The objective of this study was to explore the antioxidative effect of green tea extract on the cryopreserved bull semen. Experiments were carried out on Achai breeding bulls of similar age at the Semen Production Unit, Harichand, District Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Collection of semen was done using artificial vagina (42°C) for three weeks....
Antibacterial Activity by Chlorogenic Acid Isolated through Resin from Apricot (Prunus Armeniaca L.)
Ahmed Mujtaba1, Tariq Masud1, Asif Ahmad1, Waqar Ahmed3, Saqib Jabbar3* and Robert E. Levin2
...culated. Aliquots of the extracts at known concentration of chlorogenic acid were then applied against different bacterial strains for antibacterial activity. The minimum inhibitory concentration of isolated compound was also measured. Two antibiotics were used as references compounds for antibacterial activities. The aqueous ethanolic extract having 968.125 µg/ml of chlorogenic acid inhibited significantly the growth ...
K.N. Ahmed, S.H.A. Pramanik, M. Khatun A. Nargis M. R. Hasan
Efficacy of plant extracts in the suppression of insect pests and their effect on the yield of sunflower crop under different climatic conditions
...y of five kinds of plant extracts or botanicals viz., Neem (Azadirachta indica) seed oil, castor ( Ricinus communis) oil, a mixture of Neem seed oil and sesame oil, leaf extracts of custard apple (Annona squamosa ) and Bara Bishkatali ( Polygonum orienta) were tested against the pest infestation. The treatment of custard apple leaf extract produced the most favourable result in respect of ...
S. K. Mukhopadhyay and M. V. Santha Kumar
Studies on the biosafety of botanical insecticides to native natural enemies of mulberry ecosystem
...ongamia oil and Nicotine extract in different conc./combinations along with dimethoate and dichlorvos on four coccinellid bio-control agents (Micraspis crocea, Micraspis discolor, Brumus suturalis and Scymnus bourdilloni ). All botanicals tested showed least mortality and was on par with unsprayed control. Dimethoate (0.1%) was highly toxic causing 100% mortality. Whereas, dichlorvos (0.1%) was least toxic in comparison to dimethoate. Botanical insecticides te...
K.N. Ahmed , M.A. Al-Helal, N-E-P. Khanom, S. Bulbul
Control strategies of papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus Williams & Willink infesting vegetable crops in Bangladesh
...ne (100 %), tobacco leaf extract (20 % ), mehgoni seed oil (5 % ), castor seed oil (5 % ) and neem seed oil (5 % ) were used to assess their effects on the mortality of P. marginatus . It is evident that tobacco medicine exerted the best result in terms of control followed by neem seed oil, mehgoni seed oil, castor seed oil and tobacco leaf extract (20 % )....
P.S. Ajith, K.K. Lakshmesha, S. Mahadev Murthy and N. Lakshmidevi
Botanicals for control of anthracnose of bell peppers
...fy;">Botanicals or plant extracts from Cathranthus roseus, Coleus aromaticus , Manilkara zapota and Azadirachta indica was studied by poisoned food technique, seed germination and under green house experiments for control of Colletotrichum capsici, fungal pathogen responsible for anthracnose disease in bell peppers (Capsicum frutescence L.). The results showed that all the selected plants have potential to inhibit the radial mycelial growth of C. capsici in-vi...
Lakshman Chandra Patel and Chandan Kumar Mondal
Management of causal agents of chilli leaf curl complex through bio-friendly approaches
...y approaches i.e. garlic extract, spirit and alternate use of garlic with spirit, one predator insect Chrysoperla carnea and untreated control. The lowest population of thrips, mites and white fly was recorded with application of diafenthiuron at 15 days interval from seedling to early fruiting stage. Among the ecofriendly options, alternate use of garlic with spirit performed better than their single repeated use starting from seedling to early fruiting stage...
Anil Sehajpal, Saroj Arora and Parminder Kaur
Evaluation of plant extracts against Rhizoctonia solani causing sheath blight of rice
...ungal effect of 44 plant extracts and 8 plant oils against the pathogen Rhizoctonia solani was evaluated by disc diffusion method. Out of 44 plants tested, 36 plant extracts showed varied degree of antimicrobial effect at different concentrations against the pathogen whereas 8 plant extracts, viz. Abrus precatorious, Acacia auriculiformis, Bougainvillea glabra, Convolvulus arvensis, Hibisc...
K. K. Hegde and B. S. Nandihalli
Bioefficacy of some indigenous products in the management of okra fruit borers
...E (5%), GCKE, sweet flag extract (5%), garlic extract (5%), cow dung (10%) and cow urine (10%) were tried individually and in combinations along with endosulfan (0.07%) and untreated control. Repeated sprays of GCKE recorded least number of eggs (1.40 eggs/plant) followed by NSKE (5%) alternated with cow dung 10 per cent (1.71 eggs/plant). Repeated sprays of cow dung and cow urine used individually were not effective against...
Sujoy Mondal and S. S. Ghatak
Bioefficacy of some indigenous plant extracts against epilachna beetle (Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata Fabr.) infesting cucumber
... viz; Neem Azal, Rhizome extracts of Acorus calamus with petroleum ether as solvent and seed extracts of Annona squamosa with methanol as solvent in controlling epilachna beetle, Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata, Fabr; Both Neem Azal and seed extracts of Annona squamosa were used at 4ml, 5ml and 6ml (per Lt. of water) while this was 1ml, 2ml and 3ml (per Lt. of water) in case of petroleu...
Shyam Singh and L.P. Awasthi
Plant products for the management of yellow mosaic disease of mungbean and urdbean
...icacy of a few botanical extracts on the yellow mosaic of mug bean. Maximum reduction in disease incidence recorded were 66.70 and 63.65 percent in mungbean and Urdbean, respectively by eight sprays of Clerodendrum aculeatum. Whereas, eight sprays of Boerhaavia diffusa root extract could reduce the disease incidence by 60.27 and 58.20 per cent followed by Azadirachta indica leaf extract by...
Fariha Imtiaz1, Muhammad Islam1, Hamid Saeed2,*, Bushra Saleem1, Maryam Asghar1 and Zikria Saleem2
...wth promoting effects of extracts of Trigonella foenum-graecum leaves. The extracts of powdered leaves were obtained in various solvents (petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol, ethanol and distilled water) using hot and cold extraction methods. Phytochemical analysis of leaves was performed on powder and extracts of leaves using already reported m...
Furukh Faiz1,2, Muhammad Issa Khan2, Masood Sadiq2 and Haq Nawaz3
...ostly wasted after juice extraction around the world which contains compounds that have positive effects on the health of animals and poultry. In the current studies the citrus waste is dried and mixed with the broiler feed replacing maize from the feed at 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10%. 225 birds were reared in 5 treatments and 3 replications of each treatment having 15 birds in each replication. The chicks were being provided with the standard conditions for lig...
Ayesha Ilyas1, Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan2,* and Abdul Qadir1,*
...nt effects of crude leaf extracts of six indigenous plants viz., amaltas (Cassia fistula), datura (Datura alba), neem (Azadirachta indica), niazboo (Ocimum basilicum), yellow kaner (Thevetia peruviana) and safeda (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) against the peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata (Saunders), at 2% concentration in a free choice bioassays. Acetone, chloroform, petroleum ether and ethanol were used fo...
A. Hamid1,*, M. Ilyas2 and S. Kalsoom3
...ignin and cellulose) was extracted from wheat and maize, while ß glucan was extracted from barley and sorghum. Male rats (n = 32), weighing 200-220 g were induced with hypercholesterolemia and were equally divided into 5 groups to study the effect of purified diet-AIN-93 G, wheat bran feed (WBF) , maize bran feed (MBF), sorghum ß glucan feed (SGF) and barley ß glucan feed (BGF) on plasma total cholesterol (...
Saba Irshad1,*, Ayesha Ashfaq1, Ammara Muazzam1 and Abida Yasmeen2
...t-align: justify;">Plant extracts have been used as an active antimicrobial compound since long. The present study was intended to validate the antimicrobial, antidiarrheal and anticancer activity of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) and black pepper (Piper nigrum L.), used in Pakistani cuisine to enrich flavour and to treat infectious wounds. Their crude ethanol and methanol extracts were tested against five importa...
Ghulam Abbas1,Asif Nadeem1,*, Masroor Ellahi Babar2, Tanveer Hussain2, Muhammad Sajid Tahir3, Wasim Shehzad1, Rajput Zahid Iqbal3, Muhammad Tayyab1 and Maryam Javed1
...nt localities. After DNA extraction and quantification, amplification of gene was done by polymerase chain reaction. PCR products were sequenced bi-directionally, aligned and single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified. Bioinformatics tools were applied for construction of phylogenetic tree and genetic diversity analysis. Lower genetic diversity was observed. The finding of this research is prerequisite for future research.
...
Muhammad Aslam Farooqi1,*, Mansoor-ul-Hasan2, Sohail Akhtar1, Muhammad Arshad2, Muhammad Naveed Aslam3 and Muhammad Rafay4
... these insecticides were extracted using ethyl acetate. Honey samples were spiked at 0.1 and 0.01 mg/kg. The mean recoveries of these insecticides in the spiked samples were 74-92% with relative standard deviation less than 20%. The residues of imidacloprid, endosulfan and deltamethrin were detected with a range of 0.005-0.055 mg/kg while other insecticides were not detected in any samples. The results obtained, point the urgent need to establish reliable moni...
Fawad Ali1*, Hidayat Ullah2, Ikhtiar Khan1
... food contamination. The extractable concentration of metals viz Pb, Cr, Cd and Zn through ammonium bicarbonate diethylenetriaminpenta acetic acid (AB-DTPA) showed significant differences between the two studied localities. Linear regression analysis indicates that concentration of the heavy metal (Pb, Cr, Cd, Ni, Zn) in vegetables are significantly correlated at R2 value of 0.956 at P≤0.001 with their extractable concent...
Tanveer Ahmad1, Hafiz Sultan Mahmood1*, Zulfiqar Ali1, Muhammad Azeem Khan2 and Shahid Zia3
...e sisal decorticator for extracting fibre from sisal leaves. A prototype of sisal decorticator was designed and fabricated at Agricultural and Biological Engineering Institute, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad. The prototype machine was tested for fibre extraction. Results indicated that sisal fibre production capacity of this machine was 15.94 kg h-1 (dry fibre). Average yield of dry sisal fibre w...
Jawad Anwar* and Zafar Iqbal
...ent conditions and their extracts were evaluated, using disc diffusion method against tomato wilt causing bacteria (Xanthomonas campestris and Clavibacter michiganensis). Extracts that resulted in strong activity were fractionated into acetonitrile and ethyl acetate followed by testing against human pathogenic bacterial strains (Eschericia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus) using 96 well microtitre plate...
Asad Abdullah1, Muhammad Irfan Ullah1,*, Muhammad Waqar Hassan2, Samina Khalid3, Yasir Iftikhar4, Muhammad Arshad1 and Jaime Molina-Ochoa5,6
...fectiveness of neem seed extract (NSE) for the management of Bemesia tabaci Gennadius, (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) and Amrasca biguttula Ishida, (Homopter: Cicadellidae) infesting Bt and non-Bt cotton cultivars. Foliar application of neem seed, Azadirachta indica extract was applied upon reaching economic threshold levels of B. tabaci and A. biguttula. The insect pest population ...
Asim Gulzar1,*, Ather Maqsood1, Munir Ahmed1, Muhammad Tariq1, Muhammad Ali2 and Rahmatullah Qureshi3
...biocontrol agents, plant extracts etc. In the present study the extract of Citrullus colocynthis in different solvents were evaluated on second instar larvae of H. armigera under laboratory studies for toxicity, sublethal and antifeedant effect. The result showed that ethanol based extract was the most effective to control the H. armigera followed by the ethyl a...
Habibun Nabi1, Saher Islam2, Amna Arshad Bajwa2, Imran Rashid1,*, Haroon Akbar1, Wasim Shehzad2, Kamran Ashraf1, Nisar Ahmad1 and Aneela Durrani3
...opy examination. DNA was extracted from positive fecal samples for coccidian parasites and a T. gondii PCR was performed. Five sets of primers were designed using PrimerSelect tool for PCR to amplify SAG2 gene 5’ and 3’ regions. Sequences of 5 fragments of SAG2 were annotated and analyzed using DNASTAR Lasergene. After phylogenetic analysis with 3 clonal types and atypical strains, and on the basis of restriction map of HhaI and Sau3AI, our ...
Liana Mihaela Fericean1* and Mihaela Corneanu2
... damage to the plants by extracting the sap, and indirectly it is a vector to 16 plant viruses. The study presents data referring to the external morphological characteristics, to the biometrical measurements and to the life cycle of Aphis nasturtii. The researches have been carried out for a period of four years on the potato and for a period of two years on the orchards from Romania. At the Aphis nasturtii species the smallest length of the bod...
Jiandong Wu, Miao Ye and Zaigui Wang*
... optimized for effective extraction and purification of total flavonoids from corn silk, and the anti-hyperlipidemic activities was analyzed in rabbits by feeding experiment. Firstly, the high extraction yield (5.32 mg·g-1) of total flavonoids were obtained under the optimal extraction conditions, which are 80°C for 3 h with corn silk over 60% ethanol ratio of 1:30. T...
Ayesha Aihetasham1,*, Muhammad Saeed Akhtar1, Maryam Umer1, Khalid Zamir Rasib2 and Muhammad Imran Din3
...n buildings. Efficacy of extracts of Foeniculum vulgare and Ocimum basilicum was studied against this termite. Chemical composition of plant extracts by chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) revealed five different compounds in F. vulgare: Piperidine, 3-isopropyl, Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-one, 1,3,3-trimethyl, Benzaldehyde, 4-methoxy, Estragole, 11-Octadecenoic acid, methyl ester and 9-Octadecenoic acid...
Mubashir Hussain1,Safdar Ali1, Muhammad Naveed Tahir1, Ghulam Abbas Shah1, Ijaz Ahmad2*, Muhammad Aqeel Sarwar3 and Sohail Latif4
...ve analysis of seed bank extraction methods revealed higher weed seeds density, weed frequency with more diversity of weed species under sieving method in comparison to seedling emergence method. Therefore, sieving method was considered superior over seedling emergence method. The feasibility analysis of seed bank extraction methods indicated that sieving was cost-effective, less time consuming, more user friendly with highe...
Amtul Jamil Sami1,*, Madeeha Khalid1, Rehman Shehzad1, Sana Mughal1 and A.R. Shakoori2
...tained and processed for extraction of extracellular proteins at pH 9.5 using Tris-Glycine buffer. Placental lactogen was purified by gel filtration chromatography using Sephadex-G100 and ion exchange chromatography on DEAE- Sepharose, employing a linear salt gradient. SDS-PAGE was used to monitor the purification steps, and protein band was located by immunoblotting technique. Bubaline placental lactogen was purified to homogeneity and showed a molecular weig...
Imran Ali Rajput1*, Tajwer Sultana Syed1, Ghulam Hussain Abro1, Imran Khatri1 and Abdul Mubeen Lodhi2
...the indigenous botanical extracts have been used effectively against various sucking pests of cotton but only few studies have been attempted to observe their action against bollworms. Therefore, the present study has been designed to observe the dual action of transgenic cotton and botanical extracts against pink bollworm during two consecutive growing years (2015 and 2016). The three local ext...
Naila Riaz1 , Hafiz Muhammad Tahir2* , Khizar Samiullah3
...e effectiveness of venom extracted from Hottentotta tamulus (Scorpiones: Buthidae) against Rhopalosiphum erysimi (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in the laboratory. R. erysimi were treated orally as well as topically with different concentrations of the crude venom. All aphids died within 6 hr with oral treatment at 1.5µl of the venom dose. However, at the same venom dose, 100% mortality was achieved at 8 hr posttreatment when applied topically. Similarly, oral ad...
Ayesha Aihetasham1*, Khalid Zamir Rasib2, Syeda Rida Hasan1, Imran Bodlah3
...trations of aqueous leaf extracts of three medicinal plants viz., Carica papaya (paw paw), Helianthus annus (Sunflower) and Bougainvillea glabra (Paper flower) against Heterotermes indicola. The leaf extract of C. papaya caused highest mortality i.e. 100% of 10%, 5% and 3% concentration. Bougainvillea glabra and H. annus caused 100% mortality at 10% and 5% concentration while 96.4% mortality on 3% concentration after exposur...
Faiza Hassan1, Mubshara Saadia1,*, Muhammad Sher1, Mian Anjum Murtaza2, Muhammad Arshad3,Asam Riaz4 and Mahmood Ahmad Khan5
...nd petroleum ether (EGE) extracts compared to black cumin (Nigella sativa oil; NSO) and insulin. Alloxan induced diabetic rats were post treated with plant extracts (150 mg/kg) and serum samples were collected from overnight fasted diabetic rats on day 15 to observe thepercent changes in blood glucose levels and lipid profile. Garlic extracts have shown the significant (p<0.001) ...
Tahira Kamal1*, Saeed-Ul-Hassan Khan2, Amir Bin Zahoor3, Khalid Naeem3, Muhammad Naeem Riaz1, Siddra Tayyab Akhtar4, Ghulam Muhammad Ali1*
...l health.Viral RNAs were extracted using R Neasy Minikit (Qiagen) according to instruction manual. After extraction RNAs were eluted in 60 ul elution buffer and stored at -70C. Each strain of FMD virus was serially diluted to -5dilution in order to check the efficacy of test. Reaction was completed in 1 hr and 10 min at temperatures 600C. It was also tested in hot water bath on same temperature. Results were same ...
Ayesha Bibi*, Musharaf Ahmad and Shaukat Hussain
...nd platted on YDC (Yeast extract-Dextrose-CaCO3) for bacterial growth. For identification of the characteristic bacterial colonies Cmm-specific primers CMM-5 and CMM-6 were used for amplification of 614bp product from pat-1 gene of bacterial plasmid. The whole bacterial DNA was used as template, extracted with standard procedures using commercially available kit i.e. protinase-K (sigma). 27 out of 34 isolates were confirmed ...
Alim-un-Nisa1*, Sajila Hina1, Sania Mazhar1, Imran Kalim1, Ijaz Ahmad1, Naseem Zahra1, Shahid Masood1, Muhammad Khalid Saeed1, Qurat-ul-Ain Syed1 and Maida Asif2
...current research aims to extract edible yellow color from Marigold (Tagetes erecta) flower by using cheap and safe techniques and making it stable for long period of time in food products as well as in extracted form by using preservatives and antioxidants like citric acid and determining its usefulness by applying on food products. Natural edible color was extracted from T. erec...
S. Shahid Shaukat*, Mian Sayed**, Aly Khan, M. Azhar Khan* and Babar Qazi***
...al nematicides and plant extracts significantly reduced the population densities of all three nematodes. Carbofuran was most effective against all the nematodes. Apart from other three treatments, Tridax procumbens emerged as an effective phytonematicide. Helicotylenchus indicus, Rotylenchulus reniformis and Meloidogyne incognita had similar population density levels and were more or less equally suppressed by all the treatments in the order: Carbofuran > T...
Tariq Mahmood, M. Sudheer Tariq, Khalid Mahmood Khokar, Hidayatullah and Syed Ijaz Hussain*
...ffect of different plant extracts (neem seed, neem leaves and tobacco leaves) and insecticide permethrin dust alone or mixed with dung, were conducted against red pumpkin beetle in the field at National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad during kharif 2008. Permethrin (0.5%) alone or mixed (0.05%) with dung ash as dust controlled the attack of red pumpkin beetle on the crop with no mortality of plants. Highest mortality of plants due to foliage eating by ...
Rahila Nazli, Tehmina Sohail, Bushra Nawab and Zahra Yaqeen*
...n this regard, Ethanolic extract of Gliricidia sepium in different concentration was used to investigate its antimicrobial activity against gram +ve and gram-ve bacteria. The study was also extended to some species of fungi. Results showed that the activity was more pronounced against gram +ve organisms and fungi. Maximum inhibition activity was calculated against all the groups of organisms, which was between 0.5 and 1mg ml-1 against bacteria and 2.5 mg ml-1 ...
Promy Virk
...ecum (fenugreek)seed extract and to evaluate the anti-diabetic activity of the prepared nanopcomposite. Antidiabetic potential of orally administered bulk aqueous extract of Trigonella (TBE) and Au/Ag nanocomposite with Trigonella seed extract (TN) on streptozotocin (70 mg/kg) induced diabetic rats was assessed for a period of 7 weeks. Metformin was used as a standard dru...
Abdul Rehman Roonjho*, Waseem A. Gillani**, Awais Rasool**, Naheed Akhtar**, Tariq Mahmood**, Arsalan A.***, M. Afzal*, Iqbal Khan* , M. Asghar Ranjha**** , M. Irfan**** and Javed Khan**
REPELLENCY EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT PLANT EXTRACTS TO COTTON MEALY BUG, TINSLEY (HEMIPTERA: PSEUDOCOCCIDAE)
... (Asterales: Asteraceae) extracts each in petroleum ether, acetone and ethanol were evaluated at the concentration of 1000, 500 and 250 ppm against cotton mealy bug ( ) in a free choice bioassay for two weeks. The ethanol extract of was the most effective against cotton mealy bug having highest repellency (72.5%) at 500 ppm dose. The lowest average repellency (26.3 %) was observed in acetone extract<...
Rashid Mahmood*, Elizabeth Stephen Wagchoure* and Ghulam Sarwar*
INFLUENCE OF SUPPLEMENTAL DIETS ON APIS MELLIFERA L. COLONIES FOR HONEY PRODUCTION
...colonies each. The honey extracted from the T (soybean diet), T (gram 1 2 diet), T (maize diet) and T (sugar only) was 21.3 kg ± 0.22, 24.4 kg ± 0.29, 3 4 19.3 kg ± 0.11 and 16 kg ± 0.11 respectively. The honey produced after the treatment of pollen with gram (T ) was significantly better than that 2 produced by the bees fed on other pollen supplemental diets. There was no significant difference for royal jelly production....
Aniqa Iram*, Javed Khan**, Nadeem Aslam**, Ehsan-ul-Haq**, Habib Iqbal Javed**, Muhammad Irfan*, Awais Rasool*, Muhammad Ishaque Mastoi** and Sumera Aslam*
EFFICACY OF PLANT DERIVED OILS AND EXTRACTS AGAINST WHITEFLY, BEMISIA TABACI (GENNADIUS) ON SESAME CROP
...the effect of some plant extracts of mint (Mentha spp.) and geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) and soybean oil (Glycine max), mustard oil (Brassica spp.) and taramera oil (Eruca sativa) against whitefly, Bemisia tabaci on sesame crop. The data were recorded 24h before and 24h, 48h, 72h and 168h after application of each spray material. The results showed that whitefly population was significantly suppressed by both the botanical oils and <...
Rashid Minhas*, Iftikhar Ahmad Khan**, Faisal Saeed Awan**, Lal Hussain Akhtar*, Syed Awais Sajid Shah* and M. Shahjhan Bukhari*
ESTIMATION OF GENETIC DIVERSITY AND HYBRID IDENTIFICATION IN AMERICAN COTTON (GOSSYPIUM HIRSUTUM L.) BY PCR BASED RAPD ANALYSIS
... their ten F hybrids was extracted successfully from their immature leaves to estimate 1 genetic diversity and hybrid identification. Out of the 26 RAPD primers used for DNA amplification, 14 primers produced polymorphic bands, while 12 produced monomorphic bands. These 14 primers yielded total 96 RAPD markers, out of which only 40 were found polymorphic which resulted in 41.66% polymorphism among the genotypes studied. The number of RAPD markers produced rang...
Ambreen Akhtar Saddozai*, Amer Mumtaz*, Nouman Rashid*, Shahzada Arshad Saleem**, Saeeda Raza* and Muhammad Naeem Safdar*
COMPARISON OF INDIGENOUSLY DEVELOPED TANGERINE-ORANGE MARMALADE WITH BRANDED MARMALADES AVAILABLE AT LOCAL MARKETS
..., Islamabad. Juices were extracted and kept in sterilized and sealed glass bottles. Samples were subsequently analyzed for Total Plate Count (TPC), yeast, moulds, pH, sugars and vitamin C contents. Marmalade was prepared from blended juices of orange and tangerine. Branded marmalades i.e., National, Mitchells and Salman’s were purchased from local markets and compared with non-branded (orange and tangerine) marmalades. Both marmalades were analysed for m...
Maimoona Bashir*, Imtiaz Ahmad Qamar*, Muhammad Fateh Ullah Khan* and Abdul Razzaq*
EFFECT OF MIXING LOW PALATABLE GRASSES AND IPIL IPIL LEAVES ON FORAGE QUALITY
...CF), total ash and ether extract (EE)). The results revealed that there were significant differences in dry matter (DM) among different grasses. DM content of low palatable grasses was generally high (70-75%) as compared to Ipil ipil leaves (45-55%). DM content among mixtures was also variable. For the treatment grass 75% + Ipil ipil 25%, DM range was 65-70%, for grass 50% + Ipil ipil 50%, it was 60-65% and for grass 25% + Ipil ipil 75%, it was 55%. The CP val...
Muhammad Mudasar Aslam ⃰, Muhammad Jamil**, Ijaz Malook**, Amana Khatoon*, Ali Rehman*, Abdur Rahim***, Pirzada Khan*, Shakir Ullah Khan Shakir*, Shahid Irfan*, Faizan Ullah****, Khair Ul Bashar**, Mahideen Afridi** and Shafiq Ur Rehman*
PHYTOTOXIC EFFECTS OF CALOTROPIS PROCERA, TAMARIX APHYLLA AND PEGANUM HARMALA ON PLANT GROWTH OF WHEAT AND MUSTARD
...0% and 25%) of all plant extracts. Roots of both wheat and mustard were highly affected by plant aqueous extracts at all concentrations (5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%) but shoots were inhibited by higher concentrations (20% and 25%). This study revealed that wheat is more sensitive to different plant extracts as compared to mustard. It is thus concluded that inhibitory effect increases with th...
Asif ullah Khan*, Faizan Ullah*, Sultan Mehmood*, Muhammad Irshad* and Farhat Ullah Khan**
ALLELOPATHIC EFFECTS OF JATROPHA CURCAS L. LEAF AQUEOUS EXTRACT ON EARLY SEEDLING GROWTH OF L. PARTHENIUM HYSTEROPHORUS
...otential of leaf aqueous extract was investigated on seed germination and seedling development of L. Extracts were applied at 25%, 20%, 15%, 10% and 5% as seed soaking for 8 hours prior to sowing. Phenolics compounds were found in aqueous extracts and were higher in 25% extract (52.72 mg gallic acid eq. / gm of extract...
Asmatullah1, Chaman Ara1,*, Shagufta Andleeb2, Maha Tahir1, Beenish Zahid1 and Madeeha Arshad1
... this study, guava fruit extract was tested for its ameliorative effects on congenital defects induced by cadmium in developing mice. For this purpose, different aqueous concentrations of cadmium chloride i.e. 0.00, 6.25, 12.50, 25.00 µg/g B.W of mice were given orally to pregnant mice on days 6-12 of gestation daily. Another series of mice were treated with different concentrations of cadmium chloride and also with an antidote (guava fruit
Ali Haider Saleem1,*, Khalid Javed2, Masroor Ellahi Babar3, Tanveer Hussain3, Asad Ali2, Afzal Ali2, Nisar Ahmad2, Muhammad Zahid Farooq1 and Muhammad Dawood2
...the flock. After the DNA extraction from blood samples, a 1486 bp fragment of exon three was amplified and sequenced. Sequence analysis revealed single nucleotide polymorphism (T>A at position 483) and a sheterozygous condition (T>W at position 483). Generalized linear model was used to minimize the environmental effects. The variation i.e. “W” type heterozygous condition showed a higher average daily weight gain. Sequence analysis of ...
Muhammad Jamal Khan1, Abdul Malik2*, Muhammad Shahzad Khattak2, Naveedullah1, Naeem Ijaz3 and Ishaq Ahmad4
...he numbers of tube wells extracting ground water are increasing rapidly. The wells discharges of the sampled tube wells varied from 2 to 14 l/s and the horse power of the pumping units ranged from 2 to 30 hp and the pumps efficiencies of the wells ranged from 22 to 73% with an overall average of 42%. The number of hours the farmers operates their well ranged from 2 to 10 hours per day. The water quality reveals that pH of the water varies from 8.2-8.9 while EC...
Humaira Jabeen and Nazia Jamil*
...y (FTIR) analysis of the extracted bio-plastic indicated the presence of the C=O functional group specific for the presence of polyhydroxyalkanoates, the absorbance peaks were specifically at 1600 cm-1. Ribo-typing of all the six strains were carried out, strains identified as Exiguobacterium indicum, Bacillus acidiceler, Acinetobacter seohaensis, Serratia proteamaculans, Trabulsiella guamensis and Serratia grimesii and showed 98 to 10...
Sherin Reda Rouby
...es were subjected to DNA extraction followed by 30 kDa RNA polymerase subunit gene-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (RPO30) together with tissue culture-adapted cattle LSDV/Ismailyia88 strain and two Sheep poxvirus vaccinal strains as control. LSDV yield amplicon differed in length by 21 nucleotides from those produced from SPPV either field or vaccinal strain. Among different LSD clinical samples, skin nodules and scabs are proved excellent sample materi...
Felicia NkechiEkeh*, Ifeanyi Oscar Ndimkaoha Aguzie, Joy Ihuoma Nzei, Chinenye Maria-Goretti Ohanu, Godwin Ikechukwu Ngwu and ChukwudiebubeUgolo
...> was studied. Ethanolic extracts of P. guineense and C. annum fruits were prepared using Soxhlet extractor. In a split-plot design comprising the two extracts in different concentrations, a total of 63 sundried adult C. gariepinus of mean weight 111.47 ± 2.34g were randomized into three treatment groups A – C for each extract
Ayesha Munir, Hafiz Muhammad Umer, Anjum Nasim Sabri and Imran Sajid*
... mutans. The natural extracts of Streptomyces strains significantly inhibited and delayed the biofilm formation by S. mutans and a profound effect was observed in case of the extracts of Streptomyces strains HU-09 and HU-10, which delayed biofilm maturation and even decreased biofilm formation with the passage of time. The micro well cytotoxicity assay against Artemia salina showed the cytotox...
Asad Sultan1,*, Shahroom Khan1, Sarzamin Khan1, Naila Chand1, Muhammad Shuaib Khan2 and Hamza Maris3
...tein, crude fibre, ether extract and metabolizable energy increased significantly (P<0.05) in OA-1.5 and OA-2. In conclusion, addition of OA in drinking water at the rate of 2 ml/L improved weight gain, feed efficiency, nutrient digestibility, and tibial mineralization of Ca and P in broiler.
...
Nina Bao1,*, Yongguang Yin2 and Panpan Wang3
...Using petroleum ether to extract an antimicrobial cerebroside from the liposoluble constituent of cervus nippon antler velvet layer was studied in this paper. Single-factor experiment was used to research the effect of liquid-to-solid ratio, standing time and centrifugation time on the extraction of crude cerebroside. The optimal extraction conditions for the cerebroside as follows: liquid...
Jia Chen*, Yuanxi Deng and Hui Xu
... protein from mutton was extracted, and separated by SDS-PAGE. With the positive and negative sera of rats, the special allergen was identified with the Western Blot, showing that the 12kDa was the specific allergen. The protein of 12kDa was then analyzed by ion exchange and gel filtration chromatography, and the MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS search on the Internet. The results indicate that the protein was diamine- N-acetyltransferase.
...
Bin Wang1, 2, Qianji Ning1,*, Qian Wang2, Wei Peng2, Tong Hao2,*and Jinsheng Sun2,*
... interaction network was extracted from the global PPI, which contains 35 proteins and 32 interactions. By analyzing the subcellular annotation of the molting interaction network, the subcellular localization of 12 proteins was obtained. Half of these proteins located on the cell membrane, indicating the close relationship between molting process and the changes of membrane. The results of this work provide a theoretical basis of the further elucidation of the...
Mumtaz Ali Khan1, Aneela Zameer Durrani1, Sher Bahadar Khan2, Shehla Gul Bokhari1, Ikramul Haq1,*, Imdad Ullah Khan3, Naimat Ullah4, Naimat Ullah Khan4, Kashif Hussain1 and Azmat Ullah Khan2
...through PCR. Toxins were extracted, quantified, formalized and adjuvanted with aluminium hydroxide gel. Safety, sterility and stability of the toxoid were ascertained. Bacterin toxoid of C. perfringens type D was procured from Veterinary Research Institute Peshawar. The immunogenicity of toxoid vaccines and bacterin toxoid vaccine were studied and compared initially in rabbits and then in goats and sheep. Experimental trials were conducted on 54 healthy...
Sukirno Sukirno1,2, Muhammad Tufail1,3,*, Khawaja Ghulam Rasool1, Said El Salamouny1, 4, Koko Dwi Sutanto1 and Abdulrahman Saad Aldawood1
...e effectiveness of plant extracts to improve the persistence of Spodoptera littoralis multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpliMNPV) against beet army worm, Spodoptera exigua(Hübner) under harsh sunny field conditions in Saudi Arabia. A preliminary test of SpliMNPV was performed to determine the lethal concentrations of this virus against the first and second larval instar of S. exigua. The potency of ten plant
Maaz Ahmad1*, Mussab Ahmad2 and Tehreem Munir3
...iveness of carica papaya extract (CP) in preventing functional dyspepsia in human volunteers.
Methodology: A community based, placebo-controlled, double -blind, multi-centered, and randomized clinical trial through systematic random sampling was conducted in Lahore urban community.After initial diagnostic investigations in 200 patients diagnosed as cases of FD fulfilling Rome III criteria were recruited after taking written consent and...
Munir Ahmad1, Aisha Hameed2*, Saba Khaliq3, Hamid Saeed Malik4 and Shahida Mohsin5
...and immunophenotype. RNA extraction was performed and RT-PCR procedure was conducted to detect TEL-AML1 fusion oncogene.
Results: Out of 66 samples, frequency of TEL-AML1 fusion oncogene was detected in 5 subjects (7.6%). Almost all TEL-AML1 positive patients carried FAB ALL-L1, B-Lineage immunophenotype, mean hemoglobin level of 6g/dl and age from 3 to 5 years. All these features are related to good prognosis.
Conclusion:
Maryam Javed*, Farwa Saghir, Naveera Aziz, Maham Saeed, Asif Nadeem and Wasim Shehzad
...ing (n=20 each). DNA was extracted, purified, quantified and amplified through PCR by using specific primer set. Then Sanger’s method of DNA sequencing was used. Multiple sequence alignment demonstrated that sheep and goat were having the wild base Guanine against which the cattle and buffalo depicted the mutant form Adenine. Results of this study illustrated the genetic tendency of large domestic bovines towards aggression and attack, so they should be ...
Ahmed Zein Elabdeen Mahmoud1, Muaz Magzob Abdellatif2* and Mohamed Abdelsalam Abdalla3
...or this purpose, RNA was extracted from suspected animal samples (n=18) and were screened by real time-PCR. Additionally, to assess the phylogenomics, the N gene was amplified and sequenced from sheep and goats (n=12). Nucleotide identity among Hail strains was identified to be 96.2-100%, while identity with previously sequenced Saudi Arabian strains and with reference PPRV retrieved from GenBank was found to be 94.1-98% and 81.2-100%, respectively. Phylogenet...
Mudassar Javed1,Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1,*, Muhammad Sufyan1, Sajjad Ali2 and Muhammad Afzal1
... and different botanical extracts were screened against these pests on okra variety ‘Pusa Sawani’ under field conditions during 2015 and 2016 in a randomized complete block design. The average number of lepidopterous larvae in plots treated with the synthetic insecticides was 1.87 and 2.12 larvae/plant in 2015 and 2016, respectively, compared with 6.5 larvae/plant in untreated control plots. For the botanicals, an average of 2.57 and 2.92 la...
Riaz Aziz Minhas1,*, Muhammad Nasim Khan1, Muhammad Siddique Awan1, Basharat Ahmad1, Syda Shaista Bibi1, Mohsin Hanif1 and Afsar Mian2
...r (AJK) and succeeded in extraction of DNA from 23 samples, which were used for further genetic analysis. RAPD makers (n=8) produced 245 bands (30.62±2.87 Mean±SE / primer) of different molecular weights (126-3342 bp), of which, 96 were population specific. Polymorphism was (37.71±5.29%; mean ± SE), with the highest in Muzaffarabad population (54.29%), followed by Poonch (43.67%) and Neelum (36.73%). Values of Shannon’s (I: 0....
Habib-ur-Rehman1*, Saima Mirza1*, Mansoor-ul-Hasan2, Qurban Ali3, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir4, Muhammad Yasir5
...of each of the plant was extracted on rotary shaker using four solvents viz.; methanol, chloroform, petroleum ether and n-hexane separately. Periodic analysis for the repellent effects was carried by impregnating each filter paper (half-disc of filter papers) with micropipette at three concentrations (5, 10 and15%) of each of the plant extract. The repellence was recorded after 24, 48 and 72 h of the treatments applic...
Muhammad Sajid Mahmood1*, Muhammad Ashraf1, Ijaz Ahmad2, Muhammad Khubaib Abuzar3, Sohail Latif4 Muhammad Aqeel Sarwar5 and Waqas Ahmad6
...nfluence of barley water extract alone and in combination with low doses of pendimethalin (pre-emergence) for weed control in mungbean during summer season, 2009. The treatments were: Control (weedy check), Hand weeding (30 and 45 DAS), Pendimethalin herbicide @ 1.5 kg a.i. ha-1 (recommended dose), Barley W.E. @ 12 L ha-1 (20, 30, 40 and 50 DAS), Barley W.E. + pendimethalin @ 12 L ha-1 + 1.0 kg a.i. ha-1, Barley W.E. + pendimethalin @ 12 L ha-1 + 0.75 kg a.i. ...
Kiran Aqil1, Muti-ur-Rehman Khan2, Asim Aslam2, Aqeel Javeed5, Rizwan Qayyum1, Farooq Yousaf,1 Farkhanda Yasmeen1, Muhammad Luqman Sohail3 and Sajid Umar4,*
...>N. sativa)alcoholic extracts against the PPRV was investigated in vitro. Vero cell lines infected with PPRV were treated with six dilutions alcoholic extracts of N. sativa (200, 100, 50, 25, 12.5 and 6.25 µg/mL). The antiviral effects were judged by 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo (-z-y1)-3,5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide colorimetric (MTT) assay. Plaque reduction assay was used to test the mode of action. Out of six...
Xiaqing Chen, Yü Huang and Zhen Huang*
...th and its ethyl acetate extracts caused high mycelial growth inhibition and germination inhibition of S. shiraiana, with the inhibition value up to 80% and 90%, respectively. An apparent increase in mycelial growth inhibition in a dose-dependent manner was observed when ethyl acetate extract and carbendazim were applied individually. The EC50 of T. hamatum ethylacetate extra...
Dan Yü, Chuchu Li, Yü Huang and Zhen Huang*
...rnatant and ethylacetate extracts from T. hamatum inhibited mycelial growth of S. sclerotiorum, with EC50 value of 0.54 µl/cm2 and 2.99 µg/ml, respectively. The sclerotia production of S. sclerotiorum decreased when treated with ethylacetate extracts. The level of additive inhibition on S. sclerotiorum using both fungal ethylacetate extrac...
Madiha Naz1, Qudrat Ullah Khan1*, M. Jamil Khan1, Obaid Ullah Sayal2, Asim Afridi3 and Aziz Ullah Sayal3
...tter, total nitrogen and extractable phosphorus was significantly altered amongst the treatments. Tomato showed positive response to the organic fertilizers applied along the foliar nutrients in terms of growth, yield and quality. It may be concluded that poultry manure applied along with NAA was comparable with the inorganic fertilizer in improving the growth and yield of tomato, but had the advantage over the inorganic fertilizer in improving the soil proper...
Safina Naz1, Khushbo Hussain1, Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar2* and Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi3
...ylic acid and orange oil extract on physical and chemical parameters gave significant response. NAA promotes vine length upto 12.66 feet while chlorophyll content was 72.50 SPAD Value, while fresh weight of leaves is 5.1g, dry weight is 0.41g, while fresh weight of fruit is 121.66 g and fruit length is 14.11 cm. Salicylic acid promoted vine length upto 11.33 feet while chlorophyll contents were calculated as 71.09 (SPAD Value), while fresh weight of leaves was...
Sana Rana1, Sajid Abdullah1, Huma Naz2* and Khalid Abbas1
...was noted from the crude extract of control fish gills (140.66±0.71UmL-1) as compared to DM+END exposed fish (99.23±0.71UmL-1). After desalted the CAT activity in gills of both control and insecticides exposed fish was calculated as 73.45±0.71 and 42.77±1.36UmL-1, respectively. The highest specific activity was observed in crude CAT extract from gills of control fish (112.53±0.28 Umg-1) as ...
Nimra Naseer, Adeela Fatima and Imran Sajid*
...iling of each methanolic extract by TLC and HPLC-UV signified the presence of unique and diverse metabolic compounds. The study predicts that the seactinomycetes strains are a potential resource to cope up with evolving multi drug resistant pathogens. Furthermore, these secondary metabolites can be identified by comparative studies and these actinomycetes can be grown on larger scale to obtain high yield of potentially useful secondary metabolites.
...
Zulqarnain and Zafar Iqbal*
...± 3.26 %) and its extract showed 9.20 ± 0.14 mm zone of inhibition at 1000 mg·L-1 against the Fusarium wilt. Based on its higher in vitro antifungal activity, in vivo screen house experiments were conducted. Plants given the treatment as Penicillium + Fusarium showed slight yellowing of the leaves after 60th days of cultivation. Present results may help in exploiting the Penicillium sp. extract for isola...
Bushra Qadir1, Muhammad Asim2 and Mohammad Akmal1*
...ed with overnight in bio-extracts solution made of perennial tree leaves. The study compares early growth performance of alfalfa varieties for forage biomass production. The seed was soaked overnight (14 h) in extracts made from dry powdered leaves of Bakayn (Azadir achtaindica), Ber (Ziziphus mauritiana) and water (H2O) and planted in pots on the next morning. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design a...
Inzimamul Haq1*, Shahid Sattar1, Bashir Ahmed1, Qamar Zeb2 and Amjad Usman3
...+ T. chilonis, Neem seed extract + T. chilonis and release of T. chilonis alone were applied to the Jalal variety. For C. partellus infestation, the data was recorded on the basis of leaf injury scale from 1 to 5 and percent dead hearts. Results showed that Imidacloprid + T. chilonis resulted in significantly lower leaf injury m-2 (1.32) and dead hearts (4.16 %) closely followed by the plots treated with emamectin benzoate + T. chilonis with leaf injury m2 (1....
Ashraf M. Mounir, A.N. El shahat* and A.M. Abdul Azeem
...ate frankincense aqueous extract (GFAE) against ISO-induced MI in rats were the two aims of this study. The total phenolic content and total flavonoids of frankincense has been significantly increased under the effect of gamma-rays in this work. Injection of isoprenaline hydrochloride (100 mg/ kg B.Wt./day) to rats resulted in cardiac oxidative stress, inflammation, hyper-lipidemia and increase cardiac marker enzymes. Treatment of rats with GFAE (45 mg/kg/day<...
Asma Sohail1*, Kashif Sarfraz Abbasi1, Maryum Arif2 and Fatima Najam1
... research deals with the extraction and encapsulation of pumpkin seed oil (Cucurbita pepo). Pumpkin seeds contain many active ingredients including polysaccharides, vitamins, proteins, essential amino acids, carotenoids, fatty acids like linoleic acid and linolenic acid, lignans, minerals and various phytochemicals. Due to the presence of two unsaturated fatty acids, these oils can reduce their biological activity on heating, volatilization, and other paramete...
Sajid Ali Khan1, Mazhar Hussain Ranjha1, Azhar Abbas Khan2,*, Muhammad Sagheer1, Amjad Abbas1 and Zeshan Hassan2
...>T. granarium. Plant extracts were obtained by Rotary Shaker apparatus by using acetone as solvent. Four different concentrations 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% were prepared by diluting in acetone. The data regarding mortality, growth regulation and repellency of T. granarium was observed. Repellency of plant extracts was tested using area preference method while for the growth regulatory potential of plant
Nadia Khan1*, Abdul Waheed1, Farrukh Siyar Hamid1, Naveed Ahmed1, Zafar Iqbal2, Seemab Ali1, Madiha Bashir1 and Hina Gul3
...nus sativus L.) seed oil extract was analyzed for the presence of potential non-volatile phytochemicals and in vitro antibacterial activity against two phytopathogenic bacterial species (Clavibacter sp. and Xanthomonas sp.) and a human pathogenic bacterium (Escherichia coli) in 2016. Experiment was carried out by using complete randomized design with three replications in vitro. Phytochemical analysis reveals that the methanolic fraction of oil possesses metab...
Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi1*, Ummad-ud-Din Umar1, Ammarah Hasnain2, Ateeq ur Rehman1 and Rashida Perveen1
... of BLB of rice. Aqueous extracts of fifteen different plant parts either individually or in combination were tested at various concentrations under in vitro conditions by poison food and disk diffusion techniques while best effective seven were trialed in glass house and field experiments to determine their efficacy against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. In vitro and in vivo studies under different conditions showed significant response of Mentha piperita, Az...
*Irum Javed1, Muhammad Asgher2, Sadia Noreen1, Humara Naz Majeed1 and Tanzila Sahar1
SOLID STATE FERMENTATION OF ASPERGILLUS NIGER FOR CITRIC ACID PRODUCTION USING AGRICULTURE RESIDUE AS SUBSTRATE
...also observed that Yeast extract in 1% concentration was the best nitrogen source. Surfactants like Tween 80 and sodium dodecyl sulphat (SDS) showed no effect on the citric acid....
Sumera Siddique1,†, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir1, Javed Iqbal Qazi1*, Amtul Bari Tabinda2, Muhammad Irfan1
Screening of some agri-wastes for economical cultivation of Candida tropicalis SS1
... was obtained in aqueous extracts of 2% WM peels and the yeast cells attained up to 33% protein content on dry weight basis. In 2% aqueous extract of WM, the yeast strain yielded maximum biomass up to 6g/L with corresponding absorbance(600 nm) of 3.49±0.05 after 48 h of incubation at 37 ºC, pH 7.0 and under non aerating conditions. These results indicate important biochemical attributes of the abundantly produced...
Tahir Abbas*1, Khawaja Raees Ahmad2, Asmatullah3, Khalid Pervaiz Lone4, Muhammad Ali Kanwal2, Sadia Suleman2
Reno-hepatic protective effects of Jambul against chromium induced anomalies in mice
Shagufta Andleeb*
Teratogenic potential of pyrethroids: a review
...culture purposes and are extracted from the flowers of pyrethrums (Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium and C. coccineum) in late 1900s. An extensive data on multiple aspects of genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, reproductive toxicology and neurotoxicology is available except teratogenicity. This review concludes the teratogenic potential of sublethal doses of different types of pyrethroids in various groups of animals in systematic way. On line available ...
Zubair Ahmed#, Muhammad Farhanullah Khan, Habiballah Rana*
Toxicological effects of Haloxylon recurvum Bunge ex Boiss (Khar Boti) whole plant extract and novel insecticide chlorantraniliprole against maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky
...xicity of crude methanol extract of whole plant of Haloxylon recurvum (Khar boti)
and a novel insecticide chlorantraniliprole. A serial concentration of extract i.e.,
1.2%, 2.4%, 3.6%, 4.8%, 6.0% and insecticide 0.00224%, 0.00448%, 0.00896%,
0.01792%, 0.02688%, respectively, were topically applied to adult S. zeamais.
Contact toxicity assayed by topical application showed that 3.6% concentration o...
and a novel insecticide chlorantraniliprole. A serial concentration of extract i.e.,
1.2%, 2.4%, 3.6%, 4.8%, 6.0% and insecticide 0.00224%, 0.00448%, 0.00896%,
0.01792%, 0.02688%, respectively, were topically applied to adult S. zeamais.
Contact toxicity assayed by topical application showed that 3.6% concentration o...
Haniya Mazhar1, Naaz Abbas2, Tehseen Zamir3, Zahid Hussain1, Syed Shahid Ali4*
...nd maltose whereas yeast extract was found to be the best nitrogen source, showing 55U/mL enzyme activity. The best inoculum size for the growth of this strain was 4-5%. Optimum pH was 8 and best temperature was 40oC for the reported strain. Addition of divalent Mg2+ and Ca2+ ions resulted in 2-fold increase in enzyme activity while SDS completely inhibit the lipase activity to zero.
...
Atiq-ur-Rehman1,2,*, Abida Latif1,*, Rukhsana Anwar1, Nasir Abbas1, Sajid Nawaz2 and Hamid Turab Mirza3
... fractions of methanolic extract of the aerial parts of this plant. Various fractions (n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol) from the most active methanolic extract were prepared. Hypoglycemic potential was investigated by α-amylase inhibitory assay. Different concentrations of fractions (20-100 µg/ml) were subjected to in vitro α-amylase inhibitory assay. Assessment of anti-hyperglycemi...
A.M. Abdul Azeem, A.N. El Shahat* and Ashraf M. Mounir
...diated pomegranate peels extract (GPE) against biochemical alterations of lead induced testicular and hepato-toxicity in rats. From the results, it was obtained that gamma irradiation induced significant increase in the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of pomegranate peels powder. Concurrent treatments of lead-injected rats with GPE induced significant reduction in serum activities of liver enzymes, level of hepatic and testicular lipid peroxida...
Muhammad Muddassir Ali1,2 and İbrahim Hakkı Ciğerci1,*
...the alcoholic and hexane extracts of T. turcica. Methanol extracts showed the highest DNA damage (20±1) at 200 µg/ml concentration and 11.67±2.52 at 50 µg/ml. Ethanol extracts showed the 2nd highest DNA damage (19±2)at 200 µg/ml concentration and 11 ±1at 50 µg/ml. While least was observed in the hexane
Misbahullah, Shad Khan Khalil, Asim Muhammad*, Afza Tabassum and Shah Fahad
...ance crop yield. Sorghum extract and their application times on weed dynamics, phenology and leaf tracts of variety Atta Habib was sown at the Research Farm of Agronomy, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan throughout 2015-16. Used of sorghum extract with three concentrations (1:3, 1:4, 1:5), weedicide (affinity) with three different levels (1/3, 1/ 2, 2/3 of the recommended dose) and 3 times of application (emer...
Mirza Imran Shahzad1, Hina Ashraf2,*, Muhammad Arshad3, Sabeeha Parveen4, Amna Aslam4, Nargis Naz4, Zahid Kamran1, Sumbul Gohar Khalid5, Sajid Hameed1, Muhammad Ashfaq6 and Muhammad Mukhtar7
... potential of methanolic extracts of eleven selected Cholistani plants against New Castle Disease Virus (NDV)-LaSota strain. All of these plants were reported for their different pharmacological activities but their antiviral potentials were not known before. The methanolic extracts were made and concentrated by rotary evaporator and finally dissolved in distilled water before taking their antiviral trials in 7-11 days old c...
Nighat Seema1*, Muhammad Hamayun1, Husan Ara1 and Raham Sheer Khan2
... increased the amount of extractable P and K in growth media compared to soil samples before experiment and after experiment in control samples. In case of micronutrients, only copper was decreased in endophytic treated soil, whereas iron, zinc and manganese did not follow any specific trend with or without drought stress. Hence, it is suggested that all these endophytic fungi should be evaluated under open field drought stress conditions before final recommen...
Sahar Shibli1,2*, Farzana Siddique1, Saeeda Raza2, Zaheer Ahsan3 and Irum Raza4
...re more suitable for oil extraction and peanut butter development because of their high oleic acid to linoleic acid ratio (2.3-2.4). Bard-92 was less preferable cultivar for product development owing to its high linoleic acid (42.56%) and low O/L ratio (0.93) that attributed to its oxidative instability. Sensory evaluation of peanut butter samples showed overall good acceptability of product among the people. Storage study of peanut butter samples demonstrated...
Aqeel Mehboob, Syed Muhammad Zaka*, Muhammad Sarmadand Maryam Bajwa
...e methods like botanical extract in the control of this pest consider greater importance nowadays. The antifeedant and oviposition deterrent index of Moringa oleifera, Murraya paniculata and Piper nigrum leaf extracts were evaluated against S. litura by choice and no choice method under laboratory controlled conditions. In M. oleifera extract, the maximum...
Hao Gu*, Zhi Yang, Weiqiang Yu, Kan Xu and Yuan-fei Fu*
...s sanguis. Capsaicin extracted from chili peppers were selected to explore the antibacterial activity against the four cariogenic bacteria in terms of acid producing and biofilm. The antibacterial activity of capsaicin was evaluated by the minimal bactericidal concentration, change of pH in the first 12 h and OD values of biofilms. Besides, fluorescent images of exopolysaccharides and living bacteria of Streptococcus mutans were measured with confoc...
Dur-E-Shahwar1,2, Riaz Ahmad Sheikh1, Nazia Jamil2*
...roduced during petroleum extraction from subsurface in which hydrocarbons are found as a main environmental pollutant. Present study is focused on production of biosurfactants from indigenous bacteria, isolated from produced water and produced water contaminated soil samples collected from three selected sites of Eastern Potwar, Punjab, Pakistan. Forty seven bacteria were isolated out of which five (F1, F3, F20, F23 and C16) were selected on the basis of high ...
Saira Zaheer1, Abrar Hussain1*, Aqsa Khalil1, Muhammad Mansha1, Muhammad Lateef2
...and 8 mg/ml of ethanolic extract and motility of the worms was examined after every two to eight hours. Both A. lebbeck and C. sinensis exhibited 88% and 95% mortality at 6 & 8 mg/ml after 8 hrs of treatment. In conclusion, the ethanolic extracts of A. lebbeck L. and C. sinensis L. showed in vitro anthelmintic activity against H. contortus at concentrations tested.<...
Muhammad Usman Ahmadand Ikram-ul-Haq*
...lsiflex prepared oxyrase extracted from cytoplasmic of membrane fragments of E. coli. For this purpose, 88 E.coli isolates from 30 intact poultry intestines were cultured and identified preliminary on the basis of microscopy and biochemical testing. E. coli strain EC4 was screened as best oxyrase producer with activity of 0.41±0.008U/mL/min with 41% reduction in dissolved oxygen at pH 7.5, temperature 37°C, 25mM lactate as H
Hafiz Abdullah Akbar, Zafar Iqbal, Waqas Raza*, MuhammadUsman Ghazanfar and Salman Ahmad
...ffect of different plant extracts /allelochemicals and salicylic acid on the growth of Penicillium digitatum causes citrus green mould by using 7 plant extracts alone and in combination with wax and 3 concentrations of salicylic acid alone and in combination with wax. The study revealed that in case of plant extracts maximum growth inhibition (35.90 %) was shown by Anar followed by ...
Sabi-Ur-Rehman1, Anwar Khalid2, Qazi Najam Us Saqib3, Farooq Ahmad1, Shaheed-Ur-Rehman4, Neelam Zaman3, Ayeza Mehmood5 and Abdul Samad6*
...ng of aqueous methanolic extracts as well as crude saponins isolated from leaves and roots of Sarcococca saligna, using disc diffusion method. The tested bacterial strains include, B. subtilis, E. coli, S. aureus, P. fluorescens and fungal strains were Aspergillus. niger, A. flavus, and D. turcica. The maximum zones of inhibition, 23.00±0.56 mm and 25.00±0.50 mm was given by ethyl acetate fraction of leaves against P. fluorescens and A. niger res...
Tahira Moeen Khan* and Amat ul Mateen
...gents. In this work leaf extracts of Melia azedarach (commonly known as dharaik) a species of family Meliaceae and Morus nigra (commonly known as Shahtoot) family Moraceae were used for bio reduction of copper ions to CuO nanoparticles in place of harmful and expensive chemical/physical methods. A cheaper, simple to perform method giving high yield without by products is employed here. The leaf extract act...
Madeeha Khalid and Amtul Jamil Sami*
...nomic DNA from blood was extracted, and the selected region was amplified using PCR. Sequencing of the amplified product was performed using Sanger sequencing, and the resulting sequence was analyzed. We have recorded 11 SNPs in total that occur in the VDRE region, 5’ UTR and untranslated region of exon 1. A greater number of the SNPs were observed to coincide with the reported data from various sources. Two SNPs at position -62 and -56 (relative to tran...
Faiz-ul Hassan1,*, Muhammad Sajjad Khan1, Muhammad Saif-ur-Rehman1, Syed Muhammad Raihan Dilshad2 and Muhammad Amjad Ali3
...rovince. Genomic DNA was extracted from the blood samples and amplified by PCR using 40 RAPD primers. PCR products were separated on an agarose gel electrophoresis and scoring of bands was performed. Phylogenetic tree was constructed by UPGMA method to determine the genetic similarity among the horse breeds. Thoroughbred and Arab horse breeds showed a higher similarity with Pakistani indigenous breeds, suggesting that these two exotic breeds had contributed si...
Amer Mumtaz2*, Muhammad Suhail Ibrahim1, Nouman Rashid Siddiqui2, Muhammad Naeem Safdar2, Masooma Munir2, Aqsa Qayyum2, Sahar Shibli2 and Muhammad Khalid Ibrahim3
...cation in meat industry, extraction of bio actives, dairy industry, Enzyme technology, fruit and vegetable juice industry, water, waste water treatment, starch modification and removal of food allergens from food. ...
Aisha Khalid1, Muhammad Tayyab1,*, Abu Saeed Hashmi1, Tahir Yaqub2, Ali Raza Awan1, Muhammad Wasim1, Shagufta Saeed1, Sehrish Firyal1 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori3
...ith 1% glucose and yeast extract enhanced the production of recombinant thermostable cellulase. Enzyme showed strong potential for its use in paper and poultry feed industry. Under the optimal conditions we could able to produce 48 U/mL of recombinant cellulase.
...
Bushra Siddique1,*, Muhammad Tariq1, Muhammad Naeem1 and Muhammad Ali2
...nt combinations of plant extracts and semiochemicals were used for natural enemypreference experiment. The experiment was conducted with seven treatments and five replications at Glass house situated in Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi field area during Feb-April, 2015. The Coccinella septempunctata were collected from wheat crop plants. They remained starved for two days before Olfactometer bioassays. For D. rapae, mummi...
Hayat Zada1, Ahmad-Ur-Rahman Saljoqi1,*, Ijaz Ali2, Bashir Ahmad1, Abdul Waheed Khan2 and Shabeer Ahmad2
...akistan. Genomic DNA was extracted from 30 overwintering larvae of each population of Matta, Madyan and Kalam regions. Out of 30 tested primers, 21 amplified 157 polymorphic bands in three populations. The mean gene frequency (f), genetic distance (I) and Shannon’s information index (h) for three populations were 1.336, 0.304 and 0.437, respectively. Nei’s unbiased measures of genetic identity and genetic distance revealed that higher genetic dista...
Hafiz Abdul Ghafoor*, Muhammad Afzal, Muhammad Asam Riaz and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed
...evaluated the methanolic extracts and essential oils of eight indigenous plant species for their insecticidal potential against 2nd instar D. mangiferae individuals. Standard twig-dip method was used for toxicity bioassays according to Completely Randomized Design. Mortality of mealybug individuals varied with plant materials and increased along with the extract concentration and exposure time. Botanical
Amjad Ali1*, Wiqar Ahmad1, Muhammad Zeeshan1, Farmanullah Khan2 and Muhammad Motasim Billah1
...ta acetic acid (AB-DTPA) extractable soil Fe after < 2, 2-5, 5-10 mm particles size treatments and the control was 2.48, 2.06, 1.99 and 1.81 mg kg-1, Zn was 0.41, 0.36, 0.33 and 0.31 mg kg-1, Mn was 1.23, 1.05, 1.02 and 0.89 mg kg-1, and Cu was 0.51, 0.38, 0.37 and 0.26 mg kg-1, respectively. Bizote-N and Rhizogold treatments OM (1.5 and 1.48%) showed 3 and 0.7% increase over the control (1.47%), respectively,. Bizote-N induced increase in Fe, Zn, Mn and...
Xuefeng Cao1, Guangneng Peng1, Xiaobin Gu1, Changliang He1, Guizhou Yue2, Jun Shi3,* and Zhijun Zhong1,*
...DV) without nuclear acid extraction, we established a direct amplification TaqMan real-time (RT)-PCR method (DARPM) to detect CPV and CDV in clinical samples. We compared this new method against real-time PCR/(RT)-PCR and it showed no cross-reactivity with other pathogens. Sensitivity testing showed the minimum detection limits of real-time (RT)-PCR were 7.44×101 copies·μL-1 (CPV) and 4.20×101 copies&middo...
Sadaf Rahim and Mudassar Iqbal*
...imization conditions and extraction of insecticidal compounds effective against two major insects pests including Diuraphis noxia and Tribolium castaneum. The pure fungal strain of Trichoderma was grown using two different nutrient media including Glucose Peptone Yeast Broth (GPYB) and Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) and the effect of organic extract was investigated against selected insects’ pest. From this study it was f...
Aqsa Javaid and Nageen Hussain*
...l. First genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood and then amplified by using specific designed primers. Gradient PCR was performed and the product length was 197 bps which was further analyzed on 1% agarose gel. Sequencing was done through genetic analyzer (3500 ABI). No mutation was observed in FOXP3 gene exon 1of Pakistani HIV patients.
...
Asad Ali Khaskheli1*, Gulfam Ali Mughal1, Gul Bahar Khaskheli2, Allah Jurio Khaskheli3, Arshad Ali Khaskheli4, Abdul Samad Magsi5, Ghulam Shabir Barham2, Arab Khan Lund5 and Maqbool Ahmed Jamali4
...r concentration of ether extract were found prominently higher compared to all other vegetations. Alhagi maurorum was significantly rich in nitrogen free extract. Zea mays held significantly top, while Alhagi maurorum possessed significantly bottom percent of crude fiber. Acacia nilotica and Alhagi maurorum though were statistically similar to each other but found prominently rich in total carbohydrate content. It could be c...
Muhammad Waheed Mushtaq1,*, Muhammad Waqar Younas2, Jamil Anwar2, Syed Mustansar Abbas3 and Shahid Bashir3
...work, the separation and extraction of three different enzymes (alpha-amylase, cellulase and pectinase) from aqueous system has been studied by applying novel concept of unidirectional freezing. To separate the enzymes from their aqueous system, directional freezing was applied horizontally through synthetic enzyme contaminated water samples, called radial freezing. After complete freezing, the samples were collected from various sections of the frozen mass an...
Application of Water Quality and Pollution Tolerance Indexes as Effective Tools for River Management
Joyce Osarogie Odigie*
...ersity analysis with the extracted data for water quality analyzed via Weighted Arithmetic Index and pollution tolerance Index via pollution sensitive group. The dominant benthos group was Chironomidae: making up 20.99%, 18.47% and 16.65% of the benthic community. The results of WQI calculated across the three study stations were above the 100 benchmark. However, the PTI values recorded at the three study stations were less than 10, correlating with WQI indica...
Syed Muhammad Hassan Raza1*, Syed Amer Mahmood1, Syeeda Areeba Gillani1, Syed Shehzad Hassan1, Muneeb Aamir1, Muhammad Saifullah1, Mubashar Basheer1, Atif Ahmad1, Saif-ul-Rehman2 and Tariq Ali1
...composite. The satellite extracted areas under rice cultivation, were compared with CRS reported areas by applying linear regression and generated the regression equation. The NDVI of rice crop in 2018 was 0.72 and the predicted yield was estimated as 2.05 ton/ha. Satellite derived rice area in 2018 was 689580 ha, which was substituted in the regression equation to predict the CRS based area that was 654966 ha. The net rice production for the year 2019, was pr...
Matiullah Khan*, Shameemul Sibtain Shah, Atiqullah Khan, Muhammad Sarwar and Shoaib Ahmed
...elds SSP of almost X/2 % extractable P2O5”. The P was applied @ 57.5 kg P2O5 ha-1 both from prepared SSP and DAP to wheat crop on equal P2O5 basis. Also, Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) were tested in this experiment for yield and P uptake of the crop. The results showed that smaller the mesh size of HRP 200 mesh gave maximum available P2O5 14.27% followed by 160 mesh with 14.21%, from the stock grade HRP containing 28% total P2O5. The free acid co...
Sabbah M. Allam, T.M. El-Bedawy, M.H. Bakr and A.E.M. Mahmoud*
...ibility of nitrogen free extract which was significantly (P≤0.05) decreased by feeding experimental rations by increasing replacement level of DOP to more than 25% (R2). Blood constituents of experimental cows on all rations were within normal range for platelets, red blood cells (RBCs), hematocrit, hemoglobin (Hb, g/dl), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), total protein (g/dl), albumin (g/dl), creatinine (mg/dl) and urea. However, whi...
Mohammed Al Bratty1,*, Hassan A. Alhazmi1,2, Desam Nagarjuna Reddy3, Abdul Jabbar Al-Rajab3, Sadique A. Javed1 and Zia ur Rehman1,4
...ituents of the ethanolic extract was evaluated by GC-MS. The ethanolic extract was tested against selected strains of microorganisms for its antibacterial and antifungal activities. The major classes of compounds indentified in the extract were fatty acid esters and aliphatic hydrocarbons. Methyl-(7Z)-7-hexadecenoate, methyl-(9E)-octadecenoate and methyl tetracosanoate were found to be the...
Muhammad Zameer Khan1, Sair Sarwar1*, Ahmad Khan1, Razaullah Khan1, Munazza Yousra1 and Muhammad Ilyas2
...an and to correlate soil extractable K with yield components, N, P, K concentration and uptake by wheat. Two extractants namely, AB-DTPAand NH4OAc were tested for K extraction from soils. The results showed a high positive correlation between AB-DTPA and NH4OAc extractable K, plant growth and yield parameters. The amounts of soil K ...
Nazish Mazhar Ali1, Asma Ashraf 2*, Iram Liaqat2, Bushra Mazhar2, Shaukat Ali2 and Saiqa Andleeb3
...cterial activity of leaf extract of Azadirachta indica (Neem Plant) was also checked against the pathogenic bacterial isolates. The bacterial pathogens isolated from eye infections were identified as Staphylococcus sp., Streptococcus sp., Neisseria sp., and Bacillus sp. These bacteria commonly caused corneal infections. All the pathogenic bacterial isolates showed sensitivity against all the compounds except Streptococcus sp. (BS1) and it ...
Faleye Temitope Oluwasegun Cephas1,2*, Adewumi Moses Olubusuyi1, Olayinka Olaitan Titilola3 and Adeniji Johnson Adekunle1,3
...es were subjected to RNA extraction, cDNA synthesis, three (5l-UTR, VP1 and EV Species C [EV-C]) different PCR assays and sequencing of amplicons. EVs were further subjected to [‘]Illumina sequencing. All CCS were negative for EAVs and GARVs. Four CCS produced R-CPE in HEp-2 cell line, three of which were positive for the 5l-UTR assay. Of the three isolates, two and none were positive for the VP1 and EV-C assays, respectively. One of the two VP1 amplicon...
Adewumi Moses Olubusuyi1, Ogunsakin Temitope Rachael1, Ogunrombi Sefiu Babatunde1, Ojeamiren Iduda1, Olawole Alaba Samuel1, Faleye Temitope Oluwasegun Cephas1,2* and Adeniji Johnson Adekunle1,3
...ls were subjected to RNA extraction, RT-snPCR, amplicon sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Eleven and one of the 30 pools of RD and L20B cell culture supernatants, respectively, were positive for the RT-snPCR. Nine of the 11 amplicons from RD and the only from L20B were sequenced and identified as seven EV types; Coxsackievirus A4 (CV-A4), CV-A6, CV-A13, CV-A17 (both RD and L20B), CV-B2, Echovirus 9 (E9) and Enterovirus A76 (EV-A76). Our findings suggest so...
Qi Ren, Shufeng Sun, Chen Niu, Yuhong Li, Yingzhi Chong, Biao Li, Guoying Zheng and Fumin Feng*
...Genomic DNA and RNA were extracted from cells; Methylation was inhibited by treating HL7702 cells with 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine (AZA), and the level was analyzed via the methylation-specific PCR (MSP) methods. The increases in the methylation rate of CpG islands in the CYP1A1 promoter region and expression of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs). And then the CYP1A1 mRNA and protein expression decreased with cell damage, thus suggesting that elevated methylation...
Muhammad Izhar Shafi* and Muhammad Sharif
...wed mix trend in AB-DTPA extractable P at day zero of incubation and then a rapid mineralization and weekly turnover were increased up to 84 days of incubation period. Maximum mean available P of 14.32 mg kg-1 was recorded in soils which were amended with DAP and 10 kg HA ha-1, whereas the lowest available P concentration of 8.09 and 7.82 mg kg-1 was recorded in soils where SSP and NP were applied, respectively, without any ame...
Riaz Shah1* and Margaret Appleby2
...ues), only garlic/chilli extract gave relatively acceptable levels of mortality 72.0+5.8% while bifenazate caused 95.2+3.7% mortality. TSSM females laid significantly more eggs on the garlic/chilli treated leaf discs in both contact and residual bioassays. When sprayed directly (contact bioassay), all of tested low-risk pesticides mortality of 85.2-100% to P. persimilis except DE. All of tested low-risk pesticides were moderately harmful to N. fallac...
Muhammad Shahzad Akbar*, Maria Aslam, Muhammad Rehan Khalid, Shahid Iqbal, Muhammad Luqman and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed
...e toxicity of methanolic extracts of eight flowers i.e. Mexican marigold (Tagetes lucida), African marigold (Tegates erecta), tecoma (Tecoma stans), calendula (Calendula officinalis), basil (Ocimum basilicum), oxeye daisy (Leucanthemum vulgare), lily (Lilium longiflorum) and chrysanthemum (Glebionis segetum) against the worker individuals of subterranean termite Odontotermes obesus (Isoptera: Termitidae). Bioassays were conducted using filter paper disc method...
Matiullah Khan1*, Motsim Billah2, Shoaib Ahmad1, Raza Ullah Khan1 and Muhammad Sarwar1
...ighest soil post-harvest extractable P content of 5.42 mg kg-1and rice-plant P uptake (17.50 kg ha-1) were also recorded in the treatment PECat 6 Mg ha-1 as compared to other treatments. The residual effects of PEC applied at the rate of 6 Mg ha-was superior by producing 36.2%, 14.2% and 7.0%increased grain yields over those of control, PLC and SSP, respectively. The post-harvest soil extractable P value and plant P uptake w...
Muhammad Naeem Khan* and Asad Jan
...ents of methanolic crude extract (MCE) and various solvent fractions and in-vitro antimicrobial activities of whole plant of D. botrys. Qualitative phytochemical screening of MCE and solvent fractions of D. botrys showed the presence of alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and sterols, however in n-hexane fraction (HxF) only flavonoids and saponins were detected. In quantitative analysis, among all the solvents, ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) had hi...
Shahid Sherzada1,2,4,*, Muhammad Naeem Khan4, Masroor Ellahi Babar2, Muhammad Idrees3, Abdul Wajid2, Muhammad Nauman Sharif3, Muhammad Shahzad Iqbal3, Iram Amin3 and Muhammad Shahid3
...species. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood and short segment COI gene (680bp) was amplified by PCR. The sequences were evaluated by using bioinformatics tools. The average K2P conspecific, congenric and confamilial genetic distances were 0.22%, 6.71% and 12.33%, respectively. Findings of the present study revealed that DNA barcoding using COI gene is an efficient molecular technique for the exact identification of typical fish species.
...
Chaman Ara1*, Asmatullah1, Sehrish Kanwa1, Asma Chaudhary2, Ayesha Siddiqua1
...m anaesthesia. Blood was extracted through cardiac puncture and viscera were dissected out for further analysis. Levofloxacin induced reduction in body weight while caused a noticeable increase in liver, kidney and testis weights. Significant increase in levels of total alkaline aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and bilirubin was observed in blood plasma. Urea level showed a remarkable decrease, whereas creatinine...
Syeda Naila, Muhammad Ibrar, Fazal Hadi* and Muhammad Nauman Khan
...icroscopy, ash analysis, extractive values and fluorescence analysis were also studied. Preliminary phytochemical screenings of different extracts of Oxalis pes-caprae L. showed the presence of carbohydrates, phenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponin, fats and oils ...
Ghulam Hussain1, Muhammad Asrar1, Dilbar Hussain2, Khurum Zia3, Abdul Rashid4*, Hina Anwar5, Muhammad Azeem1, Saddam Hussain1 and Sabeen Asghar1
...genously available plant extracts. The efficacy of following insecticides and plant extracts viz. Cascabela thevetia leaf extract @ 300ml/acre, Azadirachta indica @ 300ml/acre, Profenofos @600ml/acre., Crown 70WS @125gm/acre, Match 50EC@250ml/acre, Helmat 40EC@600ml/acre and Confidor 20SL@ 250ml/ acre were evaluated on cotton against 3rd instar cotton mealy bug. Data was collected after 3,...
Sumaira Abbas1, Muhammad Sultan Haider2,*, Fatima Kafayet1, Sana Ashraf2, Atifa Masood3 and Moazma Batool4
...grinded. Organic solvent extraction was carried out by hexane and acetone mixture (1:1 v/v). Carotenoid concentration was determined by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and found satisfactory. By mixing fish meal, sunflower meal and rice polish four treatment diets, T1, T2, T3, were prepared and citrus peel powder was added @ 200g, 400g and 600g/ 1000g, respectively. While fourth one, control diet (To) was without cit...
Waseem Abbas1, Shakeel-ur-Rehman2, Abdul Rashid2, Muhammad Kamran3, Muhammad Atiq2 and Muhammad Ehetisham ul Haq3*
...isease incidence. Leaves extracts of four plant extracts i.e. Calotropis gigantea, Zingiber officinale, Allium cepa and Azadirachta indica were evaluated at 3 % concentration against eggs hatchability and adult emergence of the whitefly in lab condition. Two consecutive sprays were applied to assess the relative impact of different plant extracts against adult whitefly population and the d...
Saleha Ashfaq1, Manzoor Hussain1, Nazish Bibi2, Jan Alam1, Muhammad Junaid2 and Sabi-Ur-Rehman3*
... potential of H. gilesii extracts in different solvents was assessed using agar well diffusion method against bacterial and fungal strains, while cytotoxic activity was studied in the methanolic extract using brine shrimp’s lethality assay. All the extracts showed significant biological activity against Gram positive, Gram negative bacteria and selected fungal strains. Acetone, chlor...
Sameh S. Tawfik, Ahmed A. Elkady* and Ehab T. Mohamed
...indus indica L. seed extract (TSE) efficacy against γ-rays-induced nephrotoxicity in irradiated rats was investigated. Forty albino-rats were divided into four groups: Control, rats were orally administered the vehicle for 6weeks, TSE-treated (each rat received 230mg TSE; once daily, for 6weeks), irradiated (animals subjected to whole body γ-rays (8Gy), and TSE-treated and irradiated (each rat received 230mg TSE; once daily for 6week, then one-...
Erum Yawar Iqbal1*, Ashfaque Ahmed Nahiyoon1, Shahnaz Dawar2 and Shahina Fayyaz1
... supernatant, crude cell extract, bacterial culture and methanol extract in in vitro and green house condition have been exploited. The results have shown that different formulants of EPB produced significant effects on Aphid mortality, change in population density, population reduction and fecundity. Cell-free supernatant of new EPB species Xenorhabdus steinernematis n.sp. strain PAK. CB10 (KU097324) an...
Yun-Feng Liu, Yong-Mei Guan, Dan Chen, Jia-Le Chen, Chen Jin, Wei-Feng Zhu, Lu Wu and Li-Hua Chen*
...nation of Strychni Semen extract (SSE) and Paeoniae Radix Alba extract (PRAE) by in vitro skin permeation were observed. The penetration quantity, infiltration rate and skin retention quantity of paeoniflorin in co-administrated with SSE were increased significantly (P<0.05). In the skin and brain, the peak concentration (Cmax) and the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC0→t
Abdüssamet Aydın1 and Ş. Canan Bölükbaşı2*
...he effects of pennyroyal extract supplementation at different levels (0, 32.5, 65 and 130 mg/kg) and 50 mg/kg BHA (Butylated hidroxyanisole) into diets of laying hens on performance, egg quality traits, thiobarbituric acid reactive substans (TBARS) of yolk, the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismütase (SOD) and glutation peroxidas (GSHPx) in serum. Sixty Lohman LSL white layers, 40 weeks of age, kept in individual cages were assigned random...
Irfan Shahzad Sheikh, Masroor Ahmad Bajwa, Nadeem Rashid, Muhammad Zahid Mustafa, Mohammad Masood Tariq*, Majed Rafeeq, Abdul Samad, Tauseef M Asmat and Asad Ullah
...mg/l) and DNA (100 mg/l) extracted from chicken liver were separately offered on days 1-21, 1-42 and 22-42 in experiments 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Under standard broiler management conditions, birds were divided into five treatment groups of 48 with four replicates. Commercial pre-starter feed, starter feed and finisher feed were offered on days 1-12, 13-25 and 26-42, respectively. Birds were vaccinated against Newcastle disease virus and infectious bursal di...
Rafia Sadaf1, Ishrat Younus2*, Sidra Maqbool2, Talha Bin Fayyaz3, Sarah Jameel Khan1, Sidra Siddique1 and Rida Fatima1
...iety activity of ethanol extract of Pulsatilla nigricans leaves. The acute oral toxicity shows that, plant extract up to 5000 mg/kg produces no signs and symptoms related to toxicity and also no mortality was observed. Antianxiety activity of Pulsatilla nigricans was examined by using elevated plus-maze paradigm and hole-board paradigm in rats at two different doses i.e. 250 and 500 mg/kg, and significant anxio...
Sumaira Akram1, Sajid Aleem Khan1*, Nazir Javed1 and Saeed Ahmad2
...control agents and plant extracts. Among chemicals, cartap was most effective with lowest egg hatching and among biocontrol agents Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thom) Samson (PL) produced highest egg hatching while, Trichoderma harzianum Rifai (TH) caused lowest egg hatching. In plant extracts the highest egg hatching was recorded in clove at S concentration and lowest by neem extract<...
Godwin Ikechukwu Ngwu1*, Maria Ifeyinwa Ngwu2, Fabian Chukwuemenam Okafor1, Aruh Ottah Anaga3 and Christopher Didigwu Nwani1
...ects of methanolic crude extracts of Ipomoea stolonifera on 4th instars larvae of both laboratory-reared and field-collected Aedes aegypti were carried out. The 4th instars larvae of laboratory-reared and the field-collected A. aegypti mosquitoes were exposed to 5000mg/L, 2000 mg/L, 1000 mg/L, 500 mg/L, 100 mg/L, 50 mg/L of the extract. The solvent for the e...
Asad Ali Khaskheli1*, Gulfam Ali Mughal1, Muhammad Ibrahim Khaskheli2, Gul Bahar Khaskheli3, Allah Jurio Khaskheli2 and Arshad Ali Khaskheli1
...eral matter (ash), ether extract, crude protein, crude fiber, nitrogen free extract and total carbohydrate contents) were included. Comprehensive survey indicated year round availability of 19 different vegetations at study areas whereby dry matter contents in Calligonum polygonoides (93.63%) recorded significantly high, and in Trifolium alexandrinum it was low, while moisture content appeared vice versa to dry...
Muhammad Yahya1, Muhammad Afzal1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Imtiaz Sarwar1, Khurram Shehzad2, Muhammad Luqman3 and
Sher Muhammad Shahzad2
...ingtails and mites) were extracted from composite soil samples using Tullgren-Berlese funnel. Impact of collection seasons (i.e. spring, summer, autumn and winter) and impact of different land-use types or categories on the population abundance of soil microarthropods was assessed. Moreover, soil physico-chemical and microbiological properties were also determined in order to find out the main edaphic drivers which can explain the population dynamics of...
Arjumand Nizami1, Muhammad Zulfiqar2*, Jawad Ali1, Naushad Khan2 and Imran Sheikh3
...tity of irrigation water extraction particularly keeping in view the climate change scenario and saving in cost of energy that is used for tube well operation ultimately adding to profitability of the farmers. These results are in line with a number of earlier studies. The respondent farmers also claimed improvement in paddy yield but along with AWD technique and laser land leveling there might be other agronomic factors adding to yield improvement as this stu...
Sikander Ali* and S. Wajiha Khalid
...on from the crude enzyme extract. The molecular weight of enzyme was found to be 86 kDa, as determined by SDS poly-acrylamide gel electrophoresis.
...
Ahmad-Ur-Rahman Saljoqi1, Muhammad Zubair Khan1, Ayesha Bibi2, Muhammad Shehzad Khan1*, Bashir Ahmad1
...nt doses of boron, plant extracts and a bactericide in different combinations on tomato plants. This research study was performed at Agricultural Research Institute, Tarnab, Peshawar-Pakistan. Different biochemical tests were conducted to confirm stem rot pathogen. Boron was applied at the rates of 1.97, 2.96 and 3.95 g seedbed-1. Plant extracts were neem (Azadirachta indica) and ghwaraskay (Dodonaea viscosa). Morphological ...
Indigenous Soilless Substrate Compositions Affect Growth, Yield and Quality of Cut Antirrhinum majus
Aqsa Ahmad1, Iftikhar Ahmad1* and Malik Fiaz Hussain Ferdosi2
...ontaining CC, silt (soil extracted from canal) and PM (1:1:1; v/v/v) substrate for seedling development and transplanted at the two to four leaf stage into lily crates with the treatment substrates. Plants grown in substrates containing SD + PH + PM (experiment I) indicated that plants grown in these soilless compositions died before flowering, while those grown in silt (control) performed best. While in experiment II, the highest quality plants were grown in ...
Bilal Atta1*, Muhammad Rizwan1, Arshed Makhdoom Sabir1, Muhammad Dildar Gogi2, Muhammad Sabar1, Bakhtawar3, Faizan Ali3 and Mehran Sarwar3
...icacy of different plant extracts viz. Ginger (Zingiber officinale), Neem (Azadirachta indica), Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) and Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) was compared against T. castaneum infesting stored wheat. The results have suggested that mortality and repellency in T. castaneum increased as the dose rate of crude plant extracts and exposure interval increased. The maximum mortality (86.67%) was achieved with the high...
Aamir Mushtaq1,2, Rukhsana Anwar1 and Mobasher Ahmad1,2,*
... brain parts. Methanolic extract of Pimpinella anisum (meP.a) dried seeds was explored qualitatively and quantitatively for analysis of phytoconstituents along with anti-oxidant activity. Anti-amnesic activity was found by behavioral and biochemical studies for which male albino mice were grouped into seven groups. Mice were subjected to elevated plus maze, hole board and light dark paradigm on (day 7th and 8th), for behavioral stu...
Ambrin1*, Ghulam Dastagir1, Jehan Bakht2 and Muhammad Adil1
...ies of different solvent extracted samples of Ziziphus mauritiana var. spontanea and Oenothera biennis against different microbes. Ethyl acetate and ethanolic extracts of Z. mauritiana var. spontanea measured the highest zone of inhibition against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi. The MIC values of ethyl acetate and ethanolic
Lei Wang1, Lu Yang2, Lei Luo1, Yaqi Gao1*, Jian Gao1 and Ping Liu1
...nd northern Xinjiang. We extracted total RNA from 18 samples and synthesized cDNA via reverse transcription. Then, Illumina sequencing was performed and unigenes were identified after assembly and clustering. The resulting unigenes were then compared to homologous sequences using NCBI-NR, Swiss-Prot, KOG, Pfam, eggNOG, KEGG, COG, and GO for functional annotation and classification. Some differences in the regularity of distribution and the time of eclosion of ...
Sohail Ahmed1,*, Muhammad Waseem Saleem1, Abid Ali1, Muhammad Shahid Nisar2, Rashad Rasool Khan1 and Abdul Rashid3
Shaheen Rahman1, Kafeel Ahmad1*, Niaz Ali2, Muhammad Idrees3 and Waqar Ali4
...i>were isolated on yeast extract mannitol agar (YEMA) medium. The isolated strains were confirmed as A. tumefaciens on the basis of morphological, biochemical and pathogenicity tests. The bacterial cells were rod shaped having rounded ends. The strains were Gram positive. Results confirmed the pathogenicity of the isolated strains as shown by development of tumours on carrot and potato discs. The pathogenic potential of the isolated strains demand for p...
Muhammad Salim1*, Ayhan Gökçe1, Muhammad Nadir Naqqash1 and Orkun Ersoy2
...t is combined with plant extracts. ...
Ayesha Zafar1, Ghulam Sarwar1*, Muhammad Sarfraz2, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Sher Muhammad3 and Ghulam Murtaza1
...pH value 8.57, medium in extractable K and scarce in P and organic matter. The selected field was sandy loam having 70% sand, 18% silt and 12% clay. The soil was prepared, leveled, and crop was sown with seed rate of 7.5 kg ha-1. Treatments included various rates of NPK {0 (control = T1), 75 % (T2), 100 % (T3), 125 % (T4), and 150% (T5) of recommended dose (150-150-75 kg ha-1) of NPK fertilizer). The experimental design was RCBD with three replications. Interc...
Saira Saleemi1*, Zafar Iqbal1, Abdul Nasir Khalid2
...rent culture media; Malt extract agar (MEA), Corn meal agar (CMA), Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) and Potato dextrose agar (PDA). The inoculated culture plates were incubated for 5-8 days at 28-32 oC. The fungal growth in the form of colonies of different shapes and colour appeared in agar plates. Four Aspergillus spp.; Aspergillus terreus (8.40%), A. flavus (17.06%), A. fumigatus (24.02%) and A. niger (50.52%) were...
Hassan Boulahyaoui1,2*, Sanaa Alaoui Amine1,3, Marouane Melloul4, Farida Hilali5, Elmostafa El-Fahime1,3, Saad Mrani1,2 and Nadia Touil1,5*
...™. After RNA virus extraction, the rotavirus VP7 and VP4 genes were amplified. The DNA was purified, sequenced and genotypes were determined using the RotaC online classification tool. A phylogenetic tree was constructed using the Maximum Likelihood method applying the Tamura 3-parameter model in MEGA 6.06 package and statistically supported by bootstrapping with 1000 replicates. The amino acid sequences of the antigenic regions of the outer capsid prote...
A. S. M. El-Nuby1† , S. A. Montasser2 and I. A. El-Khadrawy
Control of root-knot nematodes using wild plants colonized Sinai, Egypt
...ivity of some wild plant extracts located in North and South Sinai, Egypt was examined against root-knot nematode (RKN). The selected seven plants viz., Artemisia judaica, A. monosperma, Bassia muricata, Cornulaca monacantha, Salsola kali and Zygophyllum album with different dilutions (25%, 50%, 75% &100%). The potent nematicidal efficacy observed in the extract of A. judaica followed by A. monosperma. In vivo trial post...
Feroz Shah1, Mohammad A. Irfan1, Kareem Akhtar1, Abdul Shakoor1, Naeem Khan2
EFFECT OF POROSITY ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF DIE CAST ALUMINUM ENGINE BLOCK
...ctions. The samples were extracted from thick and thin sections of
the engine block, having section thicknesses of 20 mm and 5 mm, respectively. Mechanical testing of these samples
was carried out to show effect of section thickness and its associated porosity on ductility and ultimate strength.
The three-dimensional porosity of an AA 384.1 engine block was analyzed through computed tomography (CT) scan.
Samples from thick and thin ...
the engine block, having section thicknesses of 20 mm and 5 mm, respectively. Mechanical testing of these samples
was carried out to show effect of section thickness and its associated porosity on ductility and ultimate strength.
The three-dimensional porosity of an AA 384.1 engine block was analyzed through computed tomography (CT) scan.
Samples from thick and thin ...
Zahooruddin1*, Muhammad Altaf1, Ayaz Ahmad1, Farooq Alam1
GRADIENT ASCENT INDEPENDENT COMPONENT ANALYSIS ALGORITHM FOR TELECOMMUNICATION SIGNALS
...or un-mixing and feature extraction of the fixed
input block lengths. In case of varying block lengths re-adjustment of the maximum number of iterations and the
step size parameter is required. In this paper, we introduced an Adaptive Step size Gradient Ascent ICA (AS-GAICA)
technique for varying block length that can also controls the maximum number of iterations adaptively. The performance
of the proposed technique is compared wit...
input block lengths. In case of varying block lengths re-adjustment of the maximum number of iterations and the
step size parameter is required. In this paper, we introduced an Adaptive Step size Gradient Ascent ICA (AS-GAICA)
technique for varying block length that can also controls the maximum number of iterations adaptively. The performance
of the proposed technique is compared wit...
Kulsoom Iftikhar1, Shahzad Anwar1, Izhar Ul Haq1, Muhammad Tahir Khan1 and Sayed Riaz Akbar1
AN OPTIMAL NEURAL NETWORK BASED CLASSIFICATION TECHNIQUE FOR BREAST CANCER DETECTION
...set of
previously extracted features provided by Wisconsin and Essex Universities. For the established neural networks comparative
analysis is performed to study the optimum parameters required for prime mass classification. The execution
of suggested methodology is estimated using ROC curve. The accuracy rate of developed method is 93.1% or 0.93
with sensitivity of 0.99 and specificity of 0.83 according to the receiver operating ch...
previously extracted features provided by Wisconsin and Essex Universities. For the established neural networks comparative
analysis is performed to study the optimum parameters required for prime mass classification. The execution
of suggested methodology is estimated using ROC curve. The accuracy rate of developed method is 93.1% or 0.93
with sensitivity of 0.99 and specificity of 0.83 according to the receiver operating ch...
Muhammad Masood Tahir1, Ayyaz Hussain2, Saeed Badshah3, Qaisar Javaid2
RULE-BASED IDENTIFICATION OF BEARING FAULTS USING CENTRAL TENDENCY OF TIME DOMAIN FEATURES
...ts, and various TDFs are extracted. It is worth mentioning that fluctuations in random vibration
signals may alter the feature values. Therefore, each of the TDFs is processed statistically to approximate its reliable
central values (CVs) against the respective faults. In this way, every feature provides a set of CVs, which are
equal in number to that of faults. Separating distances among normalized CVs (NCVs) in a set provide the criteria...
signals may alter the feature values. Therefore, each of the TDFs is processed statistically to approximate its reliable
central values (CVs) against the respective faults. In this way, every feature provides a set of CVs, which are
equal in number to that of faults. Separating distances among normalized CVs (NCVs) in a set provide the criteria...
Sajjad Hussain, Nisar Mohammad, Zahid Ur Rehman, Noor Mohammad, Ishaq Ahmad, Naseer Muhammad Khan, Salim Raza
EXTRACTION OF GOLD AND SILVER BY CYANIDATION PROCESS FROM COMPLEX ORE OF SHOUGHUR AREA CHITRAL, KYBER PAKHTUNKHWA
...g parameters for maximum extraction of gold and silver from complex ore of Shoughur area of district Chitral, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa on laboratory scale testing. The research work was carried out into two parts. In first part the cyanidation parameters like grinding time, dosage of pH, cyanidation time, dosage of sodium cyanide (NaCN) and dosage of lime Ca (OH)2 were optimized. The samples were subjected to differential grinding time varying from 20 to 35 minutes...
Sikandar Afridi*, Muhammad Irfan Khattak**, Nasim Ullah***, Gulzar Ahmad**, Muhammad Shafi**
PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT OF FACE RECOGNITION SYSTEM USING PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS MERGED WITH DISCRETE WAVELET TRANSFORMS
...eatures of the image are extracted by calculating the Eigenface of the image with size already
reduced by taking DWT. As a result of this process the size of database will reduce to one-fourth of the conventional
PCA in which the facial features are extracted directly from the image by calculating the Eigenface. The size of the
train database is reduced with the proposed technique which re...
Atta Ur Rehman, Laiq Hassan, Nasir Ahmad, Kashif Ahmad, Shakirullah
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE AND HAMMING DISTANCE USED FOR IRIS RECOGNITION
...ormalization and feature extraction, the Rubber Sheet
Model and one-dimensional (1-D) Log-Gabor Filter are used respectively. Finally for classification/matching of iris
patterns, Hamming Distance and Support Vector Machine (SVM) are applied. The evaluation results on CASIA V.1
dataset show that Hamming distance algorithm is more suitable for the classification (with average accuracy of
93.85 %) of iris patterns....
Sajjad Hussain1*, Nisar Mohammad1, Zahid Ur Rehman1, Noor Mohammad1, Ishaq Ahmad1,
Naseer Muhammad Khan2 and Salim Raza1
EXTRACTION OF GOLD AND SILVER BY AGITATION CYANIDATION PROCESS FROM COMPLEX ORE OF SHOUGHUR AREA CHITRAL, KYBER PAKHTUNKHWA PAKISTAN
...ssing technique used for extraction of gold utilizing
different cyanidation parameters likes grinding time, pH, cyanidation time, sodium cyanide (NaCN) and lime CaO..
The efficiency of cyanidation process depends on dosage of each parameter. In present research work the extraction
of gold and silver by cyanidation process from shoughur area of district Chitral, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa was carried...
Nisar Mohammad*, Mohammad Mansoor Khan* Noor Mohammad*
CHARACTERIZATION OF TALC-CARBONATE ROCK OF MINGORA EMERALD MINES, DISTRICT SWAT, KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA, PAKISTAN
...ped after excavation and extraction of emerald crystals. Present research work was undertaken for devising a suitable and commercial processing technique for the said talc carbonate rocks. Thorough investigations were conducted using SEM-EDX X-Rays Dif...
Nisar Mohammad٭, Mohammad Mansoor Khan٭, Noor Mohammad٭
EXTRACTION OF HIGH QUALITY TALC FROM TALC-CARBONATE ROCK OF MINGORA EMERALD MINES BY FLOTATION AND LEACHING
...ped after excavation and extraction of emerald crystals. Controll of environmental threat caused by these rock dumps is an additional benefit of the research. Two step froth flotation process with AF65 (Poly propylene Glycol, Cyanamid) as frother, Sodium hexa metaphosphate as depressant for carbonates, equal mixture of oleic acid and kerosene oil as collector gave encouraging results. It was found that talc can be separated as float at pH 6 - 7±0.2...
Saeed Gul*, Muhammad Irfan*, Hazrat Bilal*, Atta-ur-rehman*, Umair Khan*, Sadaqat ullah khan*
RECYCLING OF USED ENGINE OIL USING SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND DISTILLATION
...ign: justify;">A solvent extraction process has been used to recycle the used engine oil. The solvent used for the treatment of used engine oil is a mixture of ethanol, 1- butanol and toluene. The effect of operating parameters on the recycling process has been investigated for optimal conditions. The process parameters considered were agitator speed for blending, boiler temperature and solvent to used oil ratio. The maximum recovery for refined oil was 72% us...
Muhammad Irfan*, Saeed Gul*, Mohammad Younas*
SOLAR STILL PERFORMANCE FOR SEA WATER PURIFICATION: A STATISTICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
...renewable energy used to extract the fresh water from sea water. The principle objective of the study is to purify the sea water by using solar energy. A pilot scale solar still has been designed, fabricated and optimized for maximum evaporation rate of model sea water. The various parameters such as water depth in still, average day temperature and average water temperature in still were studied experimentally and verified statistically th...
Zahid Hassan Tarar1, Muhammad Salik Ali Khan2*, Shahzada Munawar Mehdi3, Raza Salim4, Irfan Ahmad Saleem1, Saima Nazar5, Munir David2, Tahir Majeed6, Muhammad Sufyan Mughal7, Muhammad Saleem8, Umer Iqbal9, Muhammad Mazhar Iqbal10 and Muhammad Khalid Shaheen3
...ine Penta-Acetate (DTPA) extraction methodology. Quantification was carried out by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Hot water-soluble (HWS) Boron (B) was determined spectrophotometrically. Additionally, soil samples were also analysed for electrical conductivity (EC), soil pH and soil organic matter (SOM) contents. These characteristics were correlated with plant available micronutrients. The DTPA-extractable Zn, ...
Syeda Farzana Bibi* and Siraj-ud-Din
Fluorescence Analysis, Extractive Values and Cytotoxic Screening of Crataeva adansonii DC Leaf and Bark through Brine Shrimp Larvae Assay
...tic studies like finding extractive values and nutritional values play a vital role in the determination of adulterated or exhausted drugs. It lays down parameters for authentication and standardization of drugs. The cytotoxic study helps in the evaluation of a drug for its toxicity, which is determined by the prevention of growth and replication. Such drugs can be used to treat cancer, multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. During the present study etha...
Muhammad Khan1, Tehmina Ameer Khan1, Aziz Ud Din2, Muhammad Fiaz Khan1, Irfan Ullah3,*, Kalim Ullah4, Sadia Tabassum1,*
...utation. Genomic DNA was extracted from buccal swab using Phenol: Chloroform: protocol. The target genes were amplified via polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The amplified gene products were sequenced and compared with the revised Cambridge Reference Sequence (rCRS) Accession-No. N_012920.1. Four mutations in 16S-rRNA gene have been identified viz mt-2552T>A, mt-1811A>G, mt-1888A>G and mt-2467A>T and two are novel, mt- 2552T>A and m...
Muhammad Rizwan1*, Bilal Atta1, Ana Maria Marino de Remes Lenicov2, Roxana Mariani2, Arshed Makhdoom Sabir1, Muhammad Tahir3, Misbah Rizwan4, Muhammad Sabar1, Ch. Muhammad Rafique1, Muhammad Afzal5
...rds as well. Records are extracted primarily from field data and specialized reference sources. Seven species from two different families of Fulgoromorpha were related to rice ecosystem (Cixiidae, one species and Delphacidae; six species). Three Delphacid species, whitebacked planthopper Sogatella furcifera, brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens and small brown planthopper (SBPH) Laodelphax striatellus are well-known vectors of severe rice ...
Tehmina Aslam, Shagufta Saeed*, Muhammed Tayyab, Huma Mujahid, Ali Raza Awan, Sehrish Firyal and AbuSaeed Hashmi
... mg/100 mL), while yeast extract decreased the amount of PHB. The outcomes of the present data indicate that agricultural wastes can be used for the production of polyhydroxybutyrate that will help in the solid waste management.
...
Jam Nazeer Ahmad1,*, Samina J.N. Ahmad1,2,*, Mubashir Ahmad Malik1, Abid Ali1, Muhammad Ali3, Ejaz Ahmad1, Muhammad Tahir2 and Muhammad Ashraf2
... identification, DNA was extracted through CTAB method and polymerase chain reaction was performed using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene based primers. Gel electrophoresis of the PCR products of desert locustsindicated a 710bp amplified DNA fragment on 1.5% agarose gel. DNA sequence analysis of PCR product indicated that specimens shared a 99-100% identity with Schistocerca gregaria gregaria)(Forskål, 1775). Molecular phylogenetic an...
Gregory Ejikeme Odo1,*, Juliana Ekenma Agwu1, Nkechi Nweze2, Clara Ikegbunam2,Felicia Ekeh N1, Vincent Ejere1, Ngozi Ezenwaji1, Reginald Njokuocha2, Godwin Ngwu1 and Fabian Okafor1
...ffects of ethanolic leaf extracts of Duranta erecta (L) in 48 albino wistar rats, Rattus norvegicususingbiochemical and haematological indicesof toxici
Shikun Ge1, 2, Yanli Yang3, Brindha Chelliappan4, 5, Antonysamy Michael5, Fagang Zhong1 and Xiaoying Zhang1, 2, 3, 4*
...antibodies. However, the extraction methods and storage stability of IgY antibodies from egg yolk for feed supplements remain major problems in mass production. Based on Based on IgY antibody titer, IgY thermostability, IgY acid and alkali resistance, resistance to trypsin and pepsin, four different IgY purification methods (PEG extraction, water dilution method, the effect of liquid egg yolk and egg yolk powder preparations...
Safia Arbab1, Rehana Buriro1, Shams Uddin Bhugio1, Atta Hussain Shah2, Jamila Soomro3,Qudratullah Kalwar4, Saqib Ali Fazilani1 and Waseem Ali Vistro5*
...crude as well as ethanol extract of Aloe Vera were used. During this experiment, total 50 wound samples were collected from donkey wounds. All 50 samples were found contaminated with different bacterial organism, among all those 45, 35, 33, and 25 were recorded positive for S. aureus, E. coli, Shigella and Salmonella spp respectively. However, out of 50 sample, 34 (68%) were found to have different bacterial species and 16 (32%) were recorded wit...
Muhammad Ismail1, Tufail Ahmad2, Shamsher Ali2*, Shahid Ali1, Nur Ul Haq1 and Naveedullah3
Heavy Metals (Pb and Ni) Pollution as Affected by the Brick Kilns Emissions
...nalysis revealed AB-DTPA extractable Pb and Ni for chimney A and B as (0.11- 0.13, 14.2 and 15.0 mg kg-1) respectively. Here again the Pb and Ni do not show toxicity, yet it cannot be ignored for future with persistent addition. Likewise, the collected dust samples showed a huge load of pollution amounting to 23.8 to 46.0 g m-2 month-1 (dustfall 50 m away from chimney). The samples collected for dust indicated that Ni and Pb are absorbed by the surroundings at...
Khalil Ahmed1*, Amar Iqbal Saqib1, Abdul Rasul Naseem1, Ghulam Qadir1, Muhammad Qaisar Nawaz1, Muhammad Khalid2, Imtiaz Ahmad Warraich3 and Muhammad Arif4
Use of Hyacinth Compost in Salt-Affected Soils
...cal conductivity of soil extract) = 5.02 (dS m-1), GR (gypsum requirement) = 10.18 (t ha-1), BD (bulk density) = 1.66 (Mg m-3), HC (hydraulic conductivity) = 0.35 (cm hr-1). Rice and wheat, crops were grown in the rotation. Data analysis showed that gypsum and hyacinth compost remarkably improved the soil SAR, pHs, ECe, BD, HC, growth and yield characteristics of rice and wheat crops, however at the same time use of gypsum and hyacinth compost in combination p...
Iram Bilqees1, Yasir Iftikhar1, Mustansar Mubeen1,2*, Qaiser Shakeel3, Ashara Sajid1, Zahoor Hussain4, Aqleem Abbas2, Muhammad Aamir Sohail2, Judith Jeruto Kiptoo5 and Shehzad Iqbal2
Use of Nutrients and Plant Extract to Manage Okra Yellow Vein Mosaic Disease (OYVMD) in Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan
...rent nutrients and plant extract. Plant extract and multi-nutrients were used to manage the disease to avoid the hazardous effect of chemicals on human health and being the eco-friendly. Four varieties of okra viz., Indian Rachna, Sabz Pari, Desi Bhindi, and Rama Krishna were grown under RCBD. Five treatments viz., 2% garlic extract, 2% multi-nutrients, silicon (1 and 1.5%) s and water as ...
Shahid Ali*, Aijaz Ali Channa, Waqar Ahmad, Rafia Akram and Imbasat Yousaf
...ical mutation and forced extraction, dam developed the signs of peritonitis, subcutaneous edema and labored breathing.
...
Arshad Ali Essani1, Bhai Khan Solangi1, Muhammad Ilyas Abro2, Sultan Ahmed3, Karim Bakhsh Sial3, Muhammad Saleem4, Ali Asghar Gola5, Ghulam Ali6, Moula Dad6, Mujeeb ur Rehman6, Habibullah Kakar6 and Mitha Khan6*
Comparative Efficacy of Botanical Pesticides against Sucking Insect Pests of Mustard Crop
...t sprayed with neem seed extract followed by plot sprayed with neem oil (24.47%), tobacco extract (22.00%) and akk plant extract (19.83). Neem seed extract showed higher efficacy (81.01%) against thrips population on mustard crop followed by neem oil (66.13%), tobacco extract (58.20%) and akk plant
Rabab Rafaqat1, Habib Ahmed Rathore1, Tariq Masud2, Imran Hayat1* and Imtiaz Hussain1
Determination of Different Chemical Constituents of Fruit, Leaves and Oil of Olea cuspidata (Wild Olive) Grown at Rawalakot, Azad Jammu and Kashmir
...ontent and nitrogen free extract of fruit and leaves were studied. Extracts of wild olive fruit and leaves were made in four different solvents (ethanol, methanol, acetone and water). Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of fruit and leaves extracts in these solvents were determined. Oil was extracted from wild olive fruit by th...
Tahseen Ullah* and Noor ul Amin
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Medicinal Plant Extracts
...s (low, 5 mg/ml and high extracts, 300 mg/ml) of these plants were evaluate against two different bacterial strains i.e. Bacillus subtilis and E. coli using disc diffusion method to uncover antibacterial potential of the plants extracts. The antibacterial investigation was performed in three replicates using disc diffusion technique using Nutrient Agar Media for the growth of B. subtilis and E. coli bacteria. The ANOVA for i...
Shaiza Rasool1, Iftikhar Ahmad1*, Khurram Ziaf1, Irfan Afzal2, Muhammad A.S. Khan1, Muhammad Aashir Sajjad1 and Muhammad Zain Ali1
Seed Conditioning Effects on Germination Performance, Seedling Vigor and Flower Production of Zinnia elegans
...iment, a 3% moringa leaf extract (MLE) showed the earliest (2.8 d) and the highest germination rate (90%) with an average root length of 4.2 cm. Hydro-priming resulted in the largest seedling fresh weight (0.8 g), seedling shoot length (5.8 cm), and seedling vigor index (980). The seedling vigor index was determined by multiplying the percent germination with the seedling length (cm). In the second experiment, seeds treated at 25 mT for 5 min. showed the highe...
Malik Abdul Rehman1, Shafqat Ali1, Muhammad Babar Shahzad Afzal1, Muhammad Nawaz Khan1 and Mujahid Ali2*
Efficacy of Chemicals and Botanical Extracts to Control Citrus Canker on Kinnow in Sargodha Region
...hemicals and plant-based extracts to find suitable chemicals against the canker in Kinnow. The study was carried out at the citrus farm of the Citrus Research Institute, Sargodha, Punjab-Pakistan during 2011-13 on ten-year-old bearing trees of Kinnow plants. There were nine treatments, control (no chemical was applied), Neemsol @ 5 ml, copper oxychloride @ 3 g, streptomycin sulphate @ 1 g, potassium acetyl benzoic acid @ 10 ml, difenoconazole @ 0.5 ml,
Muhammad Imran1,2*, Shahbaz Talib Sahi1, Muhammad Atiq1 and Amer Rasul3
Brown Leaf Spot: An Exacerbated Embryonic Disease of Rice: A Review
.... While, the use of phytoextracts and antagonist are considered to be safe, eco-friendly, cost-effective economically and biodegradable. The use of plant activators as another new strategy that activates the defense system of plants and reduces the disease. The plants which are scarce nutrients are more prone to disease as compared to nutrient deficient. The pathogen damage is compensating by a specific nutrient that reduces the disease through tolerance. Good...
Asmat Ullah1,2, Shahid Iqbal1,2 and Furhan Iqbal2*
...riegata’s leaf extract on selective aspects of albino mice behavior in a gender specific manner. Seven week old female and male albino mice were used as experimental animals. Mice were orally supplemented either with 300 mg/ml solvent/Kg of body weight Bauhinia variegata’s leaf extract or with saline solution (0.9% NaCl) for 17 days. Behavioral observations were made by applying a series of neurologica...
Abida Parveen1, Sajid Aleem Khan1, Nazir Javed1, Anam Moosa1*, Khushboo Javaid1, Hina Safdar1 and Asma Safdar2
...nga oleifera L. (MO) extracts and Steinernema kraussei Steiner (SK) as stand-alone treatments and in combination was assessed to suppress the reproduction and development of MI. Highly susceptible variety of tomato cv. ‘Money Maker’ was tested for the invasion and development of MI. Aqueous and ethanolic MO extracts were tested in combination with SK at three different concentrations and time intervals...
Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi1*, Olubumi Atolani2 and Gabriel Ademola Olatunji3
Toxicity Effect of Eucalyptus globulus on Pratylenchus spp. of Zea mays
...alyptus globulus ethanol extract fractions (ECSG/EtOH) showed moderate effect, while the chopped leaf materials used as soil amendment (ECSG/AMDM) exhibited the least potency among all the treatments. Spectroscopic analysis by GCMS revealed the presence of terpenoids and phenolics as major constituents of E. globulus. The essential oil showed the presence of 1,8-cineole (23.3%), citronella (18.1%), geranial (17.6%), isopulegol (10.4%), myrcene (13.0%), cuminal...
Muhammad Umer Khan1,2*, Muhammad Farooq Sabar1, Atif Amin Baig3, Arif-un-Nisa Naqvi4 and Muhammad Usman Ghani1
...unteers. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood samples and subjected to PCR amplification using specific primers for the control region of mtDNA (covering positions 16024–16569 and 1–576), including the three hypervariable segments (HVS1, HVS2, HVS3). The PCR products were subjected to cycle sequencing and further evaluated through computational analysis. A total of 75 different haplotypes were identified in Shin people; among them, 72 were un...
Syeda Farzana Bibi* and Siraj ud Din
Unraveling the Bioherbicidal Potential, Elemental Analysis and Nutritional Evaluation of Crataeva adansonii Dc Leaf and Bark
...toxic study of ethanolic extract of Crataeva adansonii DC. leaf and stem bark for assessment of its bioherbicidal potential. Elemental and nutritional analysis of the plant parts was also done to accentuate this plant’s use in the nutritional and agricultural industry. Elemental analysis of C. adansonii stem bark and leaf was assessed through atomic absorption spectrophotometry to detect ten essential macro and microelements, including Na, Ca, Co, Cd, Cu...
Ayesha Talib1,2, Khanzadi Nazneen Manzoor1, Wajahat Ali1, Maria Saeed1, Muhammad Asif Gondal1, Malik Badshah3 and Abid Ali Khan1*
...d from the aqueous fruit extracts of Ficus sycomorus and their physico-chemical properties as well as antimicrobial activity against Multidrug Resistant (MDR) bacteria is evaluated. The total formation of the Cu nanoparticles was observed visually with a color change and confirmed by the appearance of peak through UV-Vis spectroscopy analysis. The electron microscopy imaging revealed that the biogenic Cu nanoparticles were spherical in shape and had a d...
Zhi Chen1, Toshifumi Minamoto2, Longshan Lin3 and Tianxiang Gao4,*
... of aquatic species. DNA extracting was an indispensable process to employ this method. In eDNA extracting of macro-organisms, DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit was commonly used, but its price was about 80 RMB/sample, which was too expensive. Cheaper eDNA extraction kit was a potential aspect for improvement to expand further application of eDNA analysis. In order to examine some cheaper kits&r...
Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Muhammad Shahzad Akbar1, Muhammad Afzal1, Muhammad Mustaqeem2, Muhammad Luqman3, Ijaz Asghar4 and Muhammada Asam Riaz1
...size: small;">Methanolic extracts and essential oils of ten indigenous plant species were evaluated for their insecticidal and repellency potential against the subterranean termite Odontotermes obesus Ramb, a destructive insect pest of wooden infrastructures, agricultural crops, orchards and forest plantations. Standard filter paper disc method was used for both toxicity and repellency bioassays according to completely randomized design. The response of...
Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Muhammad Afzal1,Muhammad Asam Riaz1,Kanwer Shahzad Ahmed1, Muhammad Luqman2, Mehar Zubair Shehzad1, Muhammad Bilal Tayyab1, Mujahid Tanvir1 and Saadia Wahid1
...nge of Pakistan. Acetone extracts (10%) of forty plant species were evaluated against Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri), armyworm (Spodoptera litura), house mosquito (Culex quinquefasciatus) and subterranean termite (Odontotermes obesus) using twig-dip, leaf-dip, aqueous exposure and filter paper-dip bioassay methods, respectively. Results revealed that the extracts of Mentha longifolia
Tafail Akbar Mughal1, Shaukat Ali1*, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1, Shumaila Mumtaz1, Samaira Mumtaz1, Ali Hassan1 and Syed Akif Raza Kazmi2
...he effects of an aqueous extract of Berberis lycium Royleroot bark on lipid profiles of Swiss albino mice in which diabetic phenotype was induced by alloxan. A single injection of Alloxan (150 mg/kg) was applied intravenously to induce diabetic phenotype. Alloxan induction raised the overall level of triglycerides, low density- lipids (LDLs), and cholesterol and reduced the level of high density lipids (HDLs). Oral administration of 200 mg/kg aqueous
Muhammad Shahzad Akbar, Farrukh Sajjad, Muhammad Afzal, Muhammad Luqman, Muhammad Asam Riaz and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed*
Field Evaluation of Promising Botanical Extracts, Plant Essential Oils and Differential Chemistry Insecticides against Subterranean Termites Odontotermes obesus (Isoptera: Termitidae)
...some promising botanical extracts (Dodonaea viscosa, Gardenia jasminoides and Nerium indicum), plant essential oils (Allium sativum, Citrus aurantium and Cymbopogon citratus) and differential-chemistry insecticides (chlorantraniliprole, chlorfenapyr, emamectin, indoxacarb, pyriproxyfen and triflumuron) against subterranean termites (Odontotermes obesus) attacking sugarcane crop. Setts of sugarcane variety HSF555 were sown on the ridges under RCB design after t...
Li Yao1,2,3, AnQing Zhang1,2,3, HaiYan Zhang2, Jian Shao1,2,3, Ming Wen2,4, ChangAn Wang5, HaiBo Jiang1,2,3,* and Ming Li6,*
...liver (EUO) bark aqueous extract on growth performance and nutritional composition of rainbow trout (145.56 ± 4.12 g) (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed five different diets, including 0 (EUO-0), 5 (EUO-5), 10(EUO-10), 20 (EUO-20) and 40(EUO-40) g kg-1 EUO bark aqueous extract. The muscle lipid of fish in EUO-40 was significantly higher than that in other groups (p < 0.05), and fish in EUO-0 showed ...
Muhammad Riaz1*, Zahida Tasawar1, Muhammad Zaka Ullah2 and Zawar Hussain3
Parasitological and Molecular Survey on Theileriosis of Sheep and Goats and the Related Risk Factors in Musa Pak Shaheed Town, Multan, Pakistan
...eria piroplasms. DNA was extracted from collected samples and subjected to PCR amplification to determine ovine and caprine theileriosis. Through a questionnaire, the data regarding animals as well as herds characteristics were gathered to define the risk factors favors the spread of Theileria spp. infection. 24% and 8.5% Theileria infection identified through PCR and microscopic examination during present investigation. The PCR detected 14.5% and 9.5% Theiler...
Muhammad Usman Ghazanfar1, Waqas Wakil2, Shahbaz Talib Sahi3 and Waqas Raza1*
Influence of Resistance Inducers on Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Contents of Susceptible Chickpea Cultivars after Inoculation with Ascochyta rabiei
...hydroxide (KOH) or plant extracts of neem (A. indica A. Juss.), datura (D. metel L.) and garlic (A. sativum L.) were investigated 7 and 14 days after inoculation with Ascochyta rabiei. Elevated nitrogen (2.95%), potassium (1.05%) and potassium (533.00 ppm) contents in the tissues decreased disease severity (79.3%) in cv. C-44. These increases were significant (P ≤ 0.05) after 14 days of inoculation with plant pathogen in plants pretreated with chemicals. Th...
Muhammad Tariq Mahmood1*, Muhammad Akhtar2, Mushtaq Ahmad1, Muhammad Saleem2, Ali Aziz2, Irfan Rasool2, Zeshan Ali3 and Muhammad Amin2
An Update on Biology, Extent of Damage and Effective Management Strategies of Chickpea Pod Borer (Helicoverpa armigera)
...l measures (use of plant extracts, virus/bacteria based insecticides). In case of pod borer outbreaks, chemical insecticides remain as last option for farmers. However, management of chickpea pod borer through use of resistant cultivars, adopting recommended cultural practices and biological control measures have been found more effective, economical, sustainable and eco-friendly....
Sana Mehmood1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1*, Muhammad Summer1, Sher Muhammad Sherawat2, Shaukat Ali1*, Sajida Naseem3
...ical identification, DNA extraction and sequencing. We identified 38 morph-species, representing 22 genera and 8 families. Accuracy of morphological identification was confirmed by barcode analysis of tissue samples. A standard barcode sequence of COI (Cytochrome c Oxidase I) was recovered from 90 specimens of spiders. Percentage accuracy of morphological identification was 92.10%. Four morphologically misidentified spiders were allotted to correct taxon after...
Muhammad Shahid1*, Unsar Naeem-Ullah1, Waheed S. Khan2, Shafqat Saeed1 and Kashif Razzaq3
Application of Nanotechnology for Insect Pests Management: A Review
...bacteria, viruses, plant extracts, fungi, and protein. This review article climaxes the latest mileposts accomplished for the production and imminent perspective of nanoparticles for the controlling of insect pests. ...
Eslam Moradi-Asl1*, Behnam Mohammadi Ghalehbin2, Kamran Akbarzadeh3, Jafar Mohammad-Shahi4, Hajar Afshin4
...18 September 2019.Larvea extracted manually from thumb finger of left foot and sent to Medical Entomology Laboratory of the School of Public Health, Ardabil University of medical Sciences for identification. This case is a first time was reported from Ardabil province, northwest of Iran and the Diabetics, Blindness and Physical inability to protect the wound were the most important factors in wound myiasis in this report.
Nasir Rashid1,2*, Javaid Iqbal1,2, Umar Shahbaz Khan1,2, Mohsin Islam Tiwana1,2 and Amir Hamza1,2
... processed using feature extraction approach and finally classified into movements using classification techniques. This research article mainly focuses on classification of motor movements recorded in the form of EEG signals of four limb movements. The database used in this study has already ben been utilized by the researchers earlier with different combinations of classification techniques based of feature extraction. The...
Javeria Afzal, Muhammad Abid, Faisal Hussain* and Alia Abbas
...reas of Karachi. Aqueous extracts (2, 6 and 10%) of these five plant species were made for the experiment. All selected plant species inhibited egg hatching and caused larval mortality. Maximum reduction (24.3%) in egg hatching was recorded in C. album stem extract at 2% concentration. The minimum reduction (0.33%) was observed in the leaf extract of A. viridis at 10% concent...
Faheem Ahmed Khan1*, Sarzamin Khan2, Qurat-ul-Ain3, Saqib Ishaq1, Muhammad Salman1, Abdul Rehman1, Ikram Ullah4, Kalsoom5 and Johar Jamil5
...ctively. Utilizing yeast extract, peptone and dextrose maximum biomass was produced by S. cerevisiae isolate recovered from peach (SCP-1) i.e. 4.83 g/l. Using isolate SCP-1 higher biomass of S. cerevisiae was produced on sugarcane molasses (6.42 g/l) followed by orange peels. Microbial biomass produced on the sugarcane molasses was rich in crude proteins (56 %) followed by that from orange peels. Highest percentage of alanine (24.72%) and ...
Muhammad Ayub1*, Munir Hussain2, Sher Ahmad2, Syed Arif Hussain Rizvi3, Shahid Hussain1, Muhammad Qasim2, Muhammad Din2, Muhammad Ishaque Mastoi4 and Tajudin2
...of white grub. Fermented extracts of four herbs Sophora alopecuroides, Artemisia sieversiana, Peganum harmalla and Tagetes minuta were evaluated against white grub under field conditions for two consecutive growing seasons during 2018 and 2019. The minimum per cent infestation, number of white grubs per plot, yield loss and maximum tuber yield was recorded in plots treated with S. alopecuroides fermented
Wenyou Huang1, Dan Yü1, Song Huang1,2, Jian Xiao2, Ping Qi2, Anhua Song2* and Zhen Huang1*
...ernatants and the EthOAc extracts derived from the MlUV-40b mutant were 1.2-3 times more potent than that of the wild type. A simple approach coupling mutagenesis and growth & second metabolites were used to isolate strains with increased stress resistance and virulence. Increased virulence in some of the mutants correlated with increased insecticidal activity in cell-free extracts that could potentially be used directly...
Muneer Abbas1*, Dilbar Hussain2, Muhammad Saleem2, Abdul Ghaffar2, Sohail Abbas3, Niaz Hussain1 and Abdul Ghaffar1
...in based baits, D= plant extracts and E= A+B+C+D were used during 2015-16. Data of % infested fallen fruits, total flies/trap, total flies captured/year, % fruit punctures, pupal population, % fruit infestation and market value of fruits was collected at regular intervals. Results indicated that when all the components were applied in a combined way they gave significant reduction of fruit losses. As a result of continuous sanitation practices the fruit fall r...
Muhammad Naeem1,2, Nasir Rajput1,2, Sher Ali3, Asmatullah Kaka2, Dildar Hussain Kalhoro2, Mehvish Rajput2 and Tian Wang1,*
...an AH and CWR, the ether extract (EE) were higher and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were lower (P<0.05) in AH and TRS-II, while the crude protein (CP) were higher and acid detergent lignin (ADL) were lower (P<0.05) in AH than other groups. The concentration of acetate, butyrate and iso-butyrate were almost similar in TRS-II, AH and CWR; valeric and iso-valericwere lower (P<0.05) in CWR and TRS-I than AH and TRS-II, while the propionate a...
Saleem Maseeh Bhatti1*, Aslam Khan Gadehi1, Inayatullah Rajpar1, Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro2, Mukesh Kumar Soothar1 and Zohaib Ur Rehman Bughio1
...pinach. In soil, the EC, extractable Na+ and soluble Cl- concentrations were greatly increased as a function of saline waters. Our findings suggest that the selected spinach genotypes may be irrigated with salt-water (up to 4 dS m-1) for an acceptable level of yield reduction (≤ 27%), however more preference be given to English spinach in saline environment.
...
Muhammad Qayash Khan1,2, Muhammad Zubair Anjum2, Muhammad Adnan3, Abbas Khan1, Hafsa Zahid1, Javed Nawab4, Sher Zaman Safi5, Muhammad Ishaq Ali Shah6, Atif Kamil7 and Abid Ali1*
...ts mitochondrial DNA was extracted and subjected to molecular characterization by amplifying and sequencing the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 (CO1) gene. The sequencing data revealed rich genetic diversity among fish specimens belonging to the genus Schizothorax. For the genus Tor, as was commonly believed of having two species (Tor putitora and Tor macrolepus), the sequencing data was not in agreement with the morphol...
Ahmad Ur Rahman Saljoqi, Muhammad Salim* and Iftikhar Ahmad
...s aurantium L.) peel extract @ 5%, neem (Azadirachta indica) seed extract @ 5%, neem oil @ 3%, green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea @ 3 eggs plant-1,were applied three times. A total of 30 plants in each treatment were selected randomly for the data collection at 1, 2, 3, 6, 9 and 12 days intervals. Peak population of thrips (51.27 plant-1) was noticed during the last week of April. Resu...
Sheza Shehzadi1, Mohammad Umar Farooq2*, Rukhsana Kausar1, Ijaz Ali1*, Muhammad Arshad Ullah3 and Maqbool Shahbaz4
...tent, crude fiber, ether extract, and total digestible nutrients. Significant results were obtained by applying ANOVA test on the data retrieved. All three factors (BP, CC and CS) showed maximum results after 60 days of growth. The result indicated that after the 60 days interval the animal unit per month gave the maximum fodder (7.0667 AU/M/Ha) that proposed to be grazed for large ruminants and then 21 small ruminants on the same biomass and also maximum fora...
Hagar E. Mohammed1, Ranwa A. Elrayess2 and Heba N. Gad El-Hak2*
...e rats with the combined extract of different doses of A. monosperma or M. piperita attenuated the deleterious damage to the testes, the sperm index and the sex hormones. This study indicated that the traditional use of these two herbs as a mixture has no effects on male reproductive health.
...
Haris Setiawan1, Aris Winaya1,*, Herwintono Herwintono1, Mulyoto Pangestu2 and Yayuk Kholifah3
Uwem E. George1, Oluwadamilola A. Arowolo2, Oluseyi A. Olayinka3, Ijeoma M. Ifeorah4, Temitope O.C. Faleye3,5, Bolaji Oluremi6, Arthur O. Oragwa7, Ewean C. Omoruyi8, Emmanuel E. Udoh9, Oluwadamilola G. Osasona1,10, Emmanuel Donbraye11, Olufunke P. Adeniji12, Olubusuyi M. Adewumi3,13* and Johnson A. Adeniji3,13,14
...uently, nucleic acid was extracted from the suspension and Illumina sequencing performed. ARGs in the raw reads were determined and assembled using the KmerResistance tool v2.2. From the 2,763,954 reads generated, 14 ARGs with statistically significant reads were identified. Precisely, 90.5% (12/14) of the ARGs detected target drugs that inhibit translation, of which 66.6% (8/12) were tetracycline resistance (TC-r) genes, while remaining 9.5% (2/14) inhibit ce...
Muhammad Farooq1*, Allah Rakha2,Jawad Ul Hassan2, Iftikhar Ahmed Solangi1, A. Shakoor3, Muhammad Bakhtiar4, Muhammad Noman Khan5,Shoaib Khan5, Ibrar Ahmad6, Shabir Ahmed7 andWang Yunyang1*
...de fat and nitrogen free extract of muffin were non-significant and effect on ash and crude fiber were significant when 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% mushroom powder based muffin were prepared. The effect of mushroom powder supplementations on loaf weight of muffin was significant and resulted in gradual decrease. However, the effect on loaf volume of muffins was non-significant. The effects of mushroom powder on texture and color value of muffin were highly signi...
Oluseyi A. Olayinka1, Temitope O.C. Faleye2, Oladipo O. Omotosho3, Oladapo A. Odukaye3, Bolaji Oluremi4, Ibipeju H. Ibitoye1, Oludayo O. Ope-Ewe1, Uwem E. George5, Oluwadamilola A. Arowolo6, Ijeoma M. Ifeorah7, Ewean C. Omoruyi8, Emmanuel Donbraye9, Olufunke P. Adeniji10, Olubusuyi M. Adewumi1,11* and Johnson A. Adeniji1,11,12
...ubjected to nucleic acid extraction, cDNA synthesis and Illumina sequencing. Antibiotic Resistance Genes (ARGs) in the raw reads were determined and assembled using the Kmer Resistance tool v2.2. From the 2,974,257 reads generated, 21 ARGs with statistically significant reads were identified. Almost all targeted broad-spectrum antibiotics with over 50% targeting Tetracyclines. Five (ant(6)-Ia_3, tet(40)_1, tet(Q)_1, tet(W)_5 and tet(O/W)_4) of the ARGs were pr...
Memoona Tehseen1, Sajila Hina2*, Alim-un-Nisa2 and Naseem Zahra2
... efficacy of the spinach extract was evaluated by addition in sunflower oil (SFO) as natural antioxidant. Three different concentrations of spinach extract, SFO-800, SFO-1600 and SFO-2400 ppm were supplemented to sunflower oil at 25oC and 60oC along with standard synthetic antioxidants butylated hydroxianisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). The stabilization of sunflower oil with spinach extr...
Safdar Hussain1, Muhammad Naeem Mushtaq5, Ali Bakhsh3, Muhammad Mudassar Maqbool1, Muhammad Sarwar1, Muhammad Jan4*, Muhammad Abdul Qayyum2 and Arif Husain2
...wth regulators and plant extracts. Wheat genotypes (Triple dwarf-1, Aas-2011; Faisalabad- 2008) were exposed to critical drought stage. The plants were exposed to normal irrigation, application of bio stimulants like 2µM ABA, 10 mM SA, 15% MLE and 10% MBLE were applied at grain filling stage but skipping irrigation. Maximum growth related parameters were observed by applying full irrigation. Comparing the bio stimulants application, the application of AB...
Muhammad Usman Ghazanfar1, Waqas Wakil2, Shahbaz Talib Sahi3, Waqas Raza1* and Mahmood Ahmad Randhawa4
...trend was shown by plant extracts where in neem extract induced higher amino acid contents. The cultivar C-44 responds efficiently as compared with other two cultivars. The results of the current study showed that amino acids play significant role in resistance and susceptibility of chickpea cultivars against A. rabiei....
Raza Ullah Khan1*, Ahmad Khan1, Mohammad Zameer Khan1, Fayyaz Hussain1, Zafar Islam2 and Muhammad Asad Hameed2
...ntial to be used for the extraction of humic substance, a macroorganic molecule. The humic substances were extracted quantified and characterized using techniques such as spectrophotometer, High Performance Liquid chromatography, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The analysis showed the presence of hydrophobic and hydrophilic sites. The Fourier infrared spectroscopy analysis sho...
Aneeqa Saleem1, Muhammad Islam1, Hamid Saeed1* and Mehwish Iqtedar2
...ts of both peel and pulp extractives of Cucumis melo L., in mice model of nephrolithiasis. Extractives of peel and pulp were obtained using hot and cold methods. Ethylene glycol (0.75% V/V) was used IP for 10 days to develop mice model of nephrolithiasis. Extracts were administered at a dose of 400 µg/g for 11 – 21 days. Outcome measures included serum creatinine, uric a...
Chaman Ara1*, Asmatullah1, Saima Hanif1, Shagufta Andleeb2, Beenish Zahid3 and Madeeha Arshad4
...eutic potential of onion extract against aluminum (Al) induced toxicity in male albino mice, Mus musculus. Eighty, 8-9 week old mice were divided randomly into eight groups, each containing 10 mice and exposed to three sub-lethal concentrations (37.5µg/g; 18.7µg/g; 9.37µg/g B.W) of aluminum, with and without onion extract. Control and antidote groups were treated with distilled water and onion equous...
Bushra Baig and Saeeda Yousaf*
...nd aphid).The methanolic extracts of Black pepper and Neem were analyzed for identification of phytochemicals by using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. The result showed that Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Tannins, Terpenoids and Phenolic compounds were found both in Black pepper and Neem.Quantitative analysis indicated 21 active componentsin Black pepper which were dominated byCaryophyllene (32.3%), Delta-3-carene (18.7%) and Cinene(15.5%). Neem showed 17 active...
Mohammed Akinlabi Rufai1*, Abideen Akinkunmi Wahab2, Kamil Ayo Fasasi1, Quadri Olusegun Adeshina1 and Mary Tolulope Awotidebe1
...tion method of nematodes extraction. The five different concentrations of H. bacteriophora were made in distilled water (µg/l); one sample not treated with nematode was served as control. Biocidal efficacy was achieved by collecting soil samples, sterilized and kept into experimental plastic plates labelled as A, B, C, D, and E. This was further divided by weight into five equal portions labelled as A1-A5, B1-B5, C1-C5, D1-D5, and E1-E5, respectively. Th...
Qaiser Shakeel1*, Rabia Tahir Bajwa1, Yasir Iftikhar2, Mustansar Mubeen2, Muhammad Luqman3, Waqas Ashraf1 and Ifrah Rashid4
...tion consisting of crude extracts of different plants and fungicides were performed for determination of antifungal activity against Penicillium digitatum, a plant pathogenic fungi responsible for ginger soft rot. Petri dish were used to conduct bioassay through poisoned food technique with triplicates. The crude extract of all the plants showed a better inhibitory effects on the pathogen’s (P. digitatum) mycelial grow...
Khan Tamoor1*, Hafsa1 and Hanif Maryam2
...chistan, Pakistan. Crude extracts, essential oils and fixed oil of these selected plants were tested separately. The crude extracts of Z. multiflora and F. oopoda showed higher mortality as compared to A. santolina and N. cateria. The results showed a maximum mortality of 76% by Z. multiflora and F. oopoda at highest dose of 3 g/ liter which was followed by 72% of N. cateria and 49% by A. santolina at the same dose. However,...
Muhammad Irfan Ullah1*, Sana Majeed1, Muhammad Arshad1, Nimra Altaf1, Muhammad Luqman2, Asad Abdullah1 and Muhammad Afzal3
...e). The P. hysterophorus extract at 50 mg concentration was comparable to the alone application of emamectin benzoate in terms of reduced digestibility and survival of S. litura. Overall, 42.7% relative consumption rate (RCR), 74.3% efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI), 72.3% efficiency of conversion of digested food (ECD), 87.5% relative growth rate (RGR), 11.04% approximate digestibility (AD), and 47.6% assimilation rate (AR) were reduced after ap...
Rahat Rukhsana1, Shahnaz Rashid2, Asma Fatima2, Owais Iqbal Khan3, Syed Babar Hussain Shah4, Mumtaz Ali4 and Ghulam Abbas2*
...ned by using the acetone extraction technique. Ponds water sample (50 liters) was filtered through plankton net of 20 µm pore size and preserved in 4% formaldehyde for the analysis of phytoplankton. Subsequently, the phytoplankton were counted under microscope. Result showed that water quality parameters of all fish farms were suitable for farming purpose excluding Shamimul Hassan Farm, Fish Farm Green Co. and Ghulam Ali Nizamani Farm, where high level o...
Weenghar Ali Chandio1, Tajnees Pirzada1*, Abdul Majid2 and Farzana Rashid3
...objective of this was to extract and characterize humic acid (HA) from agriculture soil and to investigate its effect on wheat (Triticum indicum) seed growth. HA was conventionally extracted from soil sample of agriculture lands of Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan by International Humic Substance Society method and confirmed by UV-Visible spectroscopy and characterized by spectral features obtained by using different techniques suc...
Samra Aftab1, Saleem Ullah1 and Farida Anjum2*
...ultures and their enzyme extracts to check their effect on cellulose hydrolysis. Microbes were isolated from soil by using serial dilution method and were selected on efficiency basis (screening of microbes on the basis of their activities as cellulose degrading agents). The cellulose and related constituent of saw dust and sugarcane bagasse showed that cellulose (49 %), hemicelluloses (23.5 %) and ash (1.8 %) were higher in sugarcane bagasse, while lignin (7....
Majed Rafeeq1,*, Nadeem Rashid1, Muhammad Masood Tariq1, Irfan Shahzad Sheikh1, Muhammad Zahid Mustafa1, Muhammad Shafee1, Khalid Mehmood1, Rana Muhammad Bilal2 and Tauseef Asmat1
...fects of ethanolic crude extracts of cumin (Cuminum cyminum) and jir (Artemisia scoparia) on the performance of broiler chickens. The study used 120 unsexed Hubbard one day old broiler chicks randomly divided into three groups of 40 chicks that were each further divided into four replicates of ten chicks. Extracts were introduced at 200 mg/Kg as feed supplement to two groups of broilers and the third group was ...
Hesham M. Abd El Halim1, Maysa M. Hegazy1,2, Aishah Alatawi3, Imtiaz Ali Khan4 and Munawar Saleem Ahmad5*
...ize: small;">Since plant extracts have long been known to be chitin inhibitor and agents for developmental arrest, chitinase genes and genes that are vital for starting the differentiation program of cells at discrete steps during development are major targets for biocide plant extracts. The current study evaluates the in vitro toxic effects of golden piller (Cupressus macrocarpa) and galangal (Alpinia officinarum<...
Fahrauk Faramayuda1,2*, Totik Sri Mariani3, Elfahmi1,4 and Sukrasno1
...The profiling of ethanol extracts of callus of two varieties O. aristatus were carried out using solvent system toluene-ethyl acetate- formic acid-water (3:3:1:0.2). The results of monitoring TLC suggest that callus obtained from Schenk and Hildebrandt (SH) media can proceed to the suspension culture stage because it showed brighter fluorescence spot than other callus and plant extracts, especially for rosmarinic acid....
NawalM. Abdulla1, M. Haroun1*,Mohamed A. Shalaby2and Ahmed A. Elsanousi2
...esponding to the NDV RNA extracted from amnioallantoic
fluids (AAF). Sequence analysis and phylogensis of the NDVQF13 strain using 150bp
primer sets revealed 112R-R-Q-K-R-F117 amino acid motif confirming velogenicity of the
strain and its relation to genotype group VII, respectively. NDVQF13 failed qualification
for sequence and phylogentic analysis using the same primers.
...
Ala’audin Hakami,1AusamaA Yousif,2* Mohamed Zaki,3 Mahmoud Ismail,4,5 Ahmed Al-Ali,5 Abdu-Rahman Al-Ankari5
...r origins. Total DNA was extracted from
feather and blood samples from randomly selected 19 clinically-suspect
and 153 apparently-normal birds collected from 10 locally-bred and
imported Psittaciformes. Specimens were collected between 2008 and
2010. A replicase-associated protein (Rep) gene-specific PCR was used to
amplify a 603 bp region of the viral genome. PBFDV was detected in
31.6% o...
Asmaa A.M. Abd El-Ghani *; Ahmed B.M.; Abdel-Raouf A. ; Nagwa S. Ata* and H.A. Hussein
...xic activity of etanolic extract of Salvadora persica(L.)
roots was investigated on bovine herpes-1 (BHV-1) infection in vitro. An ethanolic
extract of Salvadora persica was used in two concentrations. MDBK cells grown on
Minimum Essential Medium (MEM) were used for virus propagation and titration. The
effects of two concentrations of Salvadora persica on viral growth in MDBK c...
Sallam A.A.A.1, Hoda M.A.Waziri2,E. K .F. Elbeshehy1, SamiaI.Massoud,1 and Abeer M. Abo El-Wafa2.
...ion.The effectiveness of extracts from garlic
cloves (GE) and onion (OE) as an antiviral against BBMV infection in vivo has been
evaluated. The percentage of virus inhibition induced by GE and OE varied according
to the time of treatment (1, 2 and 3 days).GE was more effective in reducing the
percentage of infection produced by BBMV on faba bean plantsthan did OE.
...
Nader M. Sobhy,1 Sunil K. Mor,2 Mohammed E.M. Mohammed,1
Iman M. Bastawecy,3 Hiam M. Fakhry,4 and Sagar M. Goyal2
...ples (foot lesions). RNA extracted from clinical samples was subjected to reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction( Rt. PCR) nucleotide of FMDV ID and 3D genes were determined using standard automated sequencing technique. Phylogenetic analysis of FMD / SAT-2 /3D/Egypt/Sharkia/2013/ FMD / (KJ210080) revealed (99–100%) identity with Egypt 2012/ and Palestinian-Gaza virus. Phylogenetic analysis of serotype O of this study from Ismailia (KJ210076) , ...
Ebtisam, A. Abouel yazeed1; Yanni, M.I.1 and Hanan A. Fahmy2
...ted cells. Viral RNA was extracted and the virus was confirmed by RT-qPCR assay utilized primers and probe that were designed to the target gene for rotavirus. The presence of rotavirus in fecal samples obtained from neonatal calves suggested its etiological roles and it is the main causative virus involved in neonatal calf diarrhea....
Aya El-Turkey1, A. K. El-Attar1, A. E. Aboulata1, B. Othman2 and K. A. El-dougdoug2
...ayed by ELISA on protein extracts isolated from same transfected plant tissue samples as for the RT-PCR assays. Results showed that the HSV-gD2 construct was expressed at both the RNA and protein levels in the transgenic tomato plants. Finally, we report here, the use of stable transformation to develop transgenic tomatoes expressing the biologically active HSV-2 gD antigen (gD2). Thus, our results may have implications for the development of plant based vacci...
Hanaa H. A. Gomaa1; Entsar A. A. Nassar2; K. A. El-Dougdoug3
...ethanolic solutions were extracted from milk thistle varieties then evaluated against HAV, HSV1 and COXB4 viruses. The cytotoxicity of different milk thistle methanolic extracts in Vero cells did not show any morphological difference compared with control. Antiviral affects of milk the most potent methanolic solutions of milk thistle that have antiviral activity with different degrees, line 32 with (HAV), line 9 with (COXB4)...
Elharony, S.B.1,3, SaharA.Youssef2 and Richard F. Lee3
...>A simple and applicable extraction method for the isolation of
high quality nucleic acid (DNA and RNA) to detect all graft
transmissible pathogens of citrus including prokaryotic pathogens,
DNA and RNA viruses and viroid provides a new approach to virus
and virus like detection and identification. The method provides a
pure preparation of un-degraded RNA and DNA in high yield and
can be c...
AdlyAbd-Alla1,2, MahaNada3, Francois Cousserans1, and Max Bergoin1
Arshad Abdulkhalq Yaseen1,2* and Mária Takácsné Hájos1
... (Moringa oleifera) leaf extract (MLE) in improving some quality parameters of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) grown under plastic tunnel conditions. In this regard, three different lettuce varieties (May King, Kobak and Great Lakes) were grown in spring 2019 and 2020. The concentration of 6% MLE was sprayed as a biostimulant every two weeks from transplanting with the amount of 25 mL plant-1. The results indicated that lettuce vegetation quality (head structure, ...
Sherif .M. Ibrahim*, Abd El-Razek. B. Abd El-Razek*. Hanan. M. El-Zahed Amal. A. Fatouh* and Ayatollah. I. Ibrahim*
...ed by PPV (HIS). DNA was extracted from the produced pock lesions and polymerase chain reaction amplifying 578bp fragment of P4b gene and 1800 pb of fpv140 for FPV and PPV isolates and vaccine strains. Phylogenetic analysis for the amplified P4p product revealed close similarity of the FPV isolate (FPLH) and fowl pox vaccine (FPVV) with the published sequences for FPV in the Genebank. Unexpectedly, PPV isolates (PPLA, PPLR) and PPV vaccine (PPVV) showed high s...
Manal A. El-Shazly1. M. I .Kobeasy2and Sarah H . Altalhi3
...ential oil and ethanolic extract of Plantago major leaves was used as antiviral to reduce the infection with TSWV at three concentrations levels (500,1000 and 2000 μg/ml and 50,125,250 μg/ml, respectively).Viral infection was reduced by using the highest concentration of Basil essential oil and ethanolic extract reached to 45.99% and 63.82%, respectively. Different treatments with antiviral compounds decreased the cont...
Shahida Sabir1, Anwar Ali Shad1, Tariq Masood1*, Zafar Ali Shah1, Nasiruddin2, Yaseen Ahmad1 and Syed Sartaj Alam3
... The P. eryngii mass was extracted with different solvents and showed promising results for the number of phytochemicals. Alkaloids were present in all fractions except n-hexane and petroleum ether while tannins were present in all the fractions. Flavonoids, lipids, terpenoids and glycosides were present in extracts at moderate to high concentrations. Methanolic fraction of mushroom proved to be bactericidal with highest % i...
Dina N. Abd-Elshafy
...ral effect of methanolic extract prepared from green tea on
HAV and explore supplementing drinking water in endemic areas for the virus with such an
extract to control infection.
Methods: Green tea powder was used for methanolic extraction. Cytotoxicity assay was
carried out according to Aquino (1989) to identify non-cyotoxic concentrations o...
Ruqayya Bint Khalid1, Asif Nadeem1,2*, Maryam Javed1, Muhammad Zubair Shabbir3 and Masroor Ellahi Babar4
...awalpur. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood by organic method. PCR primers were designed and optimized according to respective melting temperatures. PRALINE tool, MEGA 6.0 and POPGENE tool were utilized for phylogenetic tree construction and statistical analysis, respectively. Characterization of physical and chemical properties of β-casein protein was performed by ProtParam and SWISS MODEL was utilized for protein model prediction. Sequencing res...
Shimaa M. Gad1, Ahmed A. Kheder1, Mohamed A. Awad 2
... in infected plants. DNA extracted from symptomatic samples was
used as a template in nested polymerase chain reaction (nested-PCR) using universal primer pairs
P1/P7 and R16F2n/R16R2. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were performed to identify the
detected phytoplasmas.
Results: Phytoplasma was transmitted successfully from naturally infected gazania to healthy
ornamental plants by dodder and ins...
Hadeer M. Mossa, Ausama A. Yousif, Emad A. Aboelsoud, Mahmoud El Gamal, Ahmed El-
Sanousi
...ID50/ml,
DNA extraction and PCR for the candidate strain was performed using universal and specific primers
for virus identification and confirmation. The size of the produced amplicons was 192 pb for the
universal primer and 502pb, 1452pb for the specific primers respectively. Metagenomics is done to
evaluate a virus harvest for standardization by applying a suite of genomic technologies and
bioinfor...
Aamer Abbas1, Jabbar Khan1*, Mir Abid Hassan2, Asif Qayyum3 and Hamed Shafiq4
..., sperm counting and DNA extraction for assessment of clinical and molecular attributes was done using standard protocols. Healthy women were used as negative controls. This study revealed significant concentrations of Zn, Cd, Cr, Pb, Cu. Except Zn and Pb, the other 3 metals were found below the permissible limit set by WHO. Interestingly, the infertile males having maximum age limit of above 47 years and highest marriage ages during the present study showed c...
Guan-bao Ning1, Sheng Niu1, Yue-jian Li1,2, Xiao-xiao Lu1,3, Shi-xiong Yang1, Ali-Raza Jahejo1, Ding Zhang1, Wei-fang Hao4, Wen-wei Gao1, Yu-jun Zhao1, Jian-hui Li1, Fang Yan1, Rong-kun Gao1, Yu-hai Bi1,5, Wen-xia Tian1* and Ling-xia Han6*
...-infection (dpi) for RNA extraction. Transcriptome analysis was performed to explore the immune responses of chicken erythrocytes to MDV infection at 14 dpi and 22 dpi. In total, 129.6 million reads of two groups at two time points were mapped against the reference genome (Gallusgallus 5.0). A significant differential pattern of the immune response of chicken erythrocytes was identified by the GO and KEGG databases between the two phases of MDV infection. The ...
Hassan Shahzad Khan1, Muhammad Tariq1*, Tariq Mukhtar2 and Asim Gulzar1
... toxicity of eight plant extracts and their green synthesized nanoparticles was evaluated against A. albopictus. The maximum mortality of 88% of 3rd instar larvae of A. albopictus was caused by datura extract followed by neem and clove. On the other hand, neem and clove extracts caused the maximum mortality (80%) of 4th instar larvae followed by d...
Haroon Ur Rashid1*, Nazia Tahir2, Muhammad Zamin3, Naveed Shehzad4, Aman Ullah2, Bibi Zainub5 and Farooq Azam6
... mulches and their water extracts integrated @ 15L each +atrazine @ 0.125 kg a.i ha-1(1/4th of the recommended dose) was assigned to sub plots (Factor B). Data were recorded and analyzed for dry biomass (g) of total weeds 60 DAS, leaf area (cm2), leaf area Index (%) and Stover yield (Kg.ha-1). Integration of tillage regimes and various allelopathic treatments had significant effect on tested parameters. However, the efficacy of surface mulches was more pronoun...
Muhammad Mobashar1, Qazi Aqeel1, Muhammad Tahir Khan1, Assar Ali Shah2*, Ahmed A.A. Abdel-Wareth3, Salman Khan4, Nazir Ahmad1, Sami Ullah1 and Haq Amanullah5
...crude fat, nitrogen-free extract (NFE), ash were significantly higher (P<0.05) in treatment groups, while in in-sacco degradability the DM and OM degradability at different time intervals (2h, 4h, 8h, 12h, 18h and 24 h) were significantly (P<0.05) higher in ration C and D. The initial body weight was significantly improved in treatment groups compared to control, while daily intake, average daily gain, and feed conversion efficiency were not affec...
Fahrauk Faramayuda1,2*, Totik Sri Mariani3, Elfahmi1,4 and Sukrasno1
...purple and wild type was extracted using two solvents with different polarity levels, namely ethanol and ethyl acetate. The concentrated extract was identified for its chemical content using gradient system HPLC 0.1% formic acid: acetonitrile. The qualitative analysis results showed that the two extracts of O. aristatus resulted from in vitro culture containing rosmarinic acid and sinenset...
Muhammad Madni Afzal1*, Shahbaz Talib Sahi1, Amer Habib1, Waqas Ashraf2, Muhammad Ahmad Zeshan3, Muhammad Raheel2 and Qaiser Shakeel2
...efficacy of desert plant extracts against basal rot of onion in the laboratory, greenhouse and field. Completely randomized design (CRD) was used for in-vitro study and randomized complete block design (RCBD) for greenhouse and field experiments. Three desert plants i.e. Gossypium thurberi, Calotropis procera and Suaeda fruticose were used at 50 ppm, 100 ppm and 150 ppm concentrations. Maximum basal rot disease reduction (78.6%) was recorded at 150 ppm concent...
Miloudi Hilali1*, Hanae El Monfalouti1, Larbi El Hammari2, Farid Amar3, Zakaria Mennane4, Malika Haddam5, Nadia Maata6 and Badr Eddine Kartah1
...r and December 2020, the extraction was made by mechanical cold pressing. After extracting the olive oil, the physico-chemical analysis such as acidity, humidity, fatty acids and sterols was assayed. The results obtained the sample which extracted in the month of december contains a higher percentage of β-sitosterol (95.2%) and higher percentage of oleic acid C18:1 (75.4%). Time of th...
Shoaib Khan1, Sida Hussain2, Amir Naveed1*, Nazia Wali3, Zafar Ullah1, Muhammad Arif1, Muhammad Sadiq4 and Muhammad Asif5
...l climate issues. Energy extracted from wind and solar are the two most established ones as more than 5% of electricity is produced from wind globally. This paper gives insight knowledge to the energy planners for developing a cost-effective way to mitigate the electricity problems in low-income areas by incorporating the energy mix of wind and solar. A Surface Mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator is designed for the location and simulated in Matlab....
Tanmoy Mandal1 and Sunil Kr. Ghosh2*
...tin/polygonam/spilanthes extracts will be environmentally sound and eco-friendly and is recommended for leaf miner control to promote organic farming.
...
Khaliq Dad1, Muhammad Nawaz2*, Muhamamd Ibrahim3, Fengliang Zhao4, Rumsha Hassan2, Humaira Nawaz5, Muhammad Usman Saleem6, Kinat Javed2, Ayesha Komal2 and Hajra Naz2
..., rhizofilteration, phytoextraction. This review paper has summarized the impact of Cd on soil, plants and humans and strategies to remove or minimize its toxicity by applying some low cost and environmental friendly techniques. ...
Arsalan Khan1*, Navid Anjum2, Muhammad Shuaib Khan3, Shakeeb Ullah3,
Ali Zaman3, Kamran Safdar3, Khalid Muhammad3, Ambrina Tariq4,
Muhammad Inam Malik3, Muhammad Kamal Shah3, Atiq ur Rehman3
and Hamza Maris3
...gate the effect of crude extract of hard ticks and its application as a vaccine against hard ticks of the cattle. For this purpose, ticks were collected from cattle and crude extract of ticks was prepared using standard procedures i.e. mixed with formalin, antibiotic and vegetable oil to prepare the vaccine. This vaccine was administered thrice (at weekly interval) in 15 cattle @ 1ml/50 Kg of the body weight of each a...
Amjed Ali1, Muhammad Tayyab1,*, Sehrish Firyal1, Abu Saeed Hashmi2, Asif Nadeem3, Shagufta Saeed1, Ali Raza Awan1 and Muhammad Wasim1
...ptone, peptone and yeast extract could enhance the enzyme production from 25 to 40.21, 41 and 43.76 µmole/min, respectively. The highest β-lactamase production was recorded when the LB medium was supplemented with 4% wheat bran and 2% yeast extract. The locally produced recombinant β-lactamase exhibited strong potential regarding the hydrolysis of β-lactam ring containing antibiotics and showed comparabl...
Nasir Mahmood Cheema1*, Ghulam Shabbir2 and Nazakat Nawaz3
...contents and its quality extracted from the castor grown under climate of Pothwar area of Pakistan....
Muhammad Bilal Tayyab1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Muhammad Asam Riaz1, Muhammad Anjum Aqueel2, Sylvain Nafiba Ouedraogo3, Muhammad Luqman4, Kanwer Shahzad Ahmed1 and Mujahid Tanvir1
...tial toxicity of acetone extracts of 40 indigenous plant species of Soon valley and surrounding salt range (Punjab, Pakistan) against D. citri and A. gossypii using standard twig-dip and leaf-dip bioassay methods, respectively. Results of initial screening bioassay showed the highest mortality of D. citri by 10% extracts of Mentha longifolia (L.) Huds. (93%), Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall. (91%), Nerium indicum Mill. (89%)...
Rosidah Rosidah1*, Angga Nugraha1, Yuli Andriani1, Kiki Haetami1, Olga Anne2 and Agus Heri Purnomo3
...Aloe vera (Burm.f.), extract to treat Koi fry [Cyprinus rubrofuscus (Lacépède, 1803)] which is attacked by Aeromonas hydrophila (Chester, 1901). The method used was the experimental method using a completely randomized design with five treatments and three replications was applied. The treatment used was immersion with A. vera extract with a concentration of treatment A
Liyun Chang1, Yingbin Chen1, Qian Kang1, JianhuaQin1,* and Zhiyong Liu2,*
...Balb/c mice, followed by extraction of total RNA from small intestine of infected mice at 1, 3, 7 and 14 dpi, respectively. The relative expression of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, IL-4 and IL-6 in the small intestine of Balb/cmice infected with C. parvum, were then detected using Ct value comparison method (RT-QPCR2-ΔΔCt). The primers were designed according to the sequence of mouse cytokines in GenBank. The expression levels o...
Dilek Şahin1*, Meryem ÖZ2, Orhan Aral2, Mehmet Bahtiyar2 and Selda Taşçi2
... effects of the purslane extract on growth and pigmentation of goldfish (Carassius auratus L, 1758). The study was carried out with 4 experimental groups of which composed of control (0%, T0) and different amount of purslane plant extracts (3%, T3; 6%, T6; 9%, T9) and each group had 3 replicates. The fish with an average live weight of 2.55±0.08 g were selected randomly from a fish stock of 250 fish and were 13...
Muhammad Arslan Akbar1, Khalid Javed2, Asim Faraz3* and Abdul Waheed3
...rincipal components were extracted in females with 66.02% variance and three components were extracted for males with 76.72% variance. PC1 of females had 56.27% variance and 57.51% for male animals. PCA of biometric traits showed that withers height, body length and heart girth had high values for both groups. Principal components were more suitable for analysis of morphometric traits than that of simple correlation method. ...
Usman Asghar1*, Muhammad Faheem Malik1, Umer Rashid2, Naeem Mahmood Ashraf2, Sumera Afsheen1 and Muhammad Hashim1
...al and reliable. DNA was extracted from muscle tissues of cow, buffalo, goat, donkey and a dog. A set of degenerative primers was designed for Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) of the cytochrome b gene fragment. All PCR was accomplished at the same reaction conditions. Amplified products had a length of 400 bp, which was our estimated length. After the sequencing of these amplicons, In silico restriction analysis was performed for each specie. Restriction endonu...
Muhammad Mohsin Javed1*, Muhammad Azhar Nisar2 and
Muhammad Usman Ahmad2
Salma Javed1* and Daniyal Siddiq2
...us, ethanol and methanol extracts were investigated for managing the population of Meloidogyne javanica, in tomato. In laboratory conditions second-stage juveniles (J2) mortality was recorded after 24, 48 and 72 h of incubation in concentrations of 0.25, 0.5 or 1%. Maximum mortality was achieved with ethanol extracts followed by aqueous and methanol extracts. In the greenhouse, leaf
Mohammed Abdel-Mageed Abdel-Aziz Abdel-Mageed1, Eman Alsayed Hammad2*, Nashaat Abdel-Aziz Mahmoud1 and Anas Farag El-Mesalamy1
... acetonic and methanolic extracts of Solanum nigrum, Atropa belladonna, Hyoscyamus muticus, Capsicum frutescens, Datura innoxia and Withania somnifera were tested against root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica. All the tested materials affected the survival of the nematode juveniles and egg-masses hatched depending on materials property, concentrations and solvents used in extraction. The aqueous e...
Wei Luo 1,2,3, Yongtao Jin 1,2,3, Xuqing Li 1,2,3 and Ke Liu 1,2,3*
...erbivores is obtained by extracting the mask generated in the detection of the MASK R-CNN, following which the information of both the population number and the distribution of all kinds of large herbivores can be estimated. According to the data of domestic herbivores on hand provided by the General grassland station of Qinghai province, the difference percentage of Tibetan sheep, yak, and horse is 7.5%, 8.1%, and 18.7%, respectively.
...
Muhammad Usman Hanif, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed*, Muhammad Arshad, Muhammad Irfan Ullah
...n 50 EC) and the aqueous extracts of three local plant species (i.e. Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn., Citrus limon L. and Azadirachta indica A. Juss) against the grubs and adults of E. vigintioctopunctata. Three concentrations of each synthetic insecticide (i.e. 2.5, 2 and 1.5%) and botanical extract (i.e. 10, 7.5 and 5%) were bioassayed using standard leaf-dip method. Results revealed that spinosad and 10% A. indica aqueous ...
Funda Turan1*, Ihsan Akyurt2 and Sehriban Cek-Yalniz1
...pothesis that red clover extract to sexually undifferentiated fry of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) would affect their sex ratio. Five different concentrations (0, 25, 50 and 75 mg L-1) of red clover extracts and 50 µg L-1 17 β-Estradiol serving as positive control were applied by immersion method on C. gariepinus larvae for 30 days, and the effects of red clover
Farah Deeba1, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir1, Muhammad Irfan2, Muhammad Khan1 and Javed Iqbal Qazi1*
...2, and 0.05% yeast extract. The utilization of agro-industrial waste (rice straw) not only decrease the production costs of microbial chitinase but can also providing positive way out for solving environmental pollution problem related to the waste.
...
Syed Shahid Imran Bukhari1*, Nusrat Jahan2, Muhammad Khalil Ahmed Khan3, Mariam Zaheer1, Sabir Javed1
...f different doses of gel extract in diabetic induced albino mice. Male albino mice, weighing (25±5g) were divided into three groups; Group 1: normal (non diabetic nontreated), Group 2: diabetic non treated (DNT), Group 3: diabetic treated (DT) mice. Group 3 was treated with three doses of A. barbadensis (200 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) per day for 14 days were assigned as DT1, DT2 and DT3 respectively. Aloe vera given orally produced significantly d...
Hailemariam Assefa1*, Tesfahun Dagnaw2
...ected by any of the used extracts. Methanolic extract was more active than petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extract on all three tested fungal species. The oil was obtained by soxhlet extraction method. The maximum oil yield using petroleum ether was found 18.4% at a temperature of 70oC and a minimum yield of 13.5% at 30oC while at the same operating co...
Abdullah Abdo Albegali1, Tayyaba Aftab1, Atiq-ur-Rehman1*, Amir Rashid1 and Mayada Mohammad1,2
...emic effects of methanol extract of seeds of this plant in hyperlipidaemia Wistar albino rats induced by Triton X-100. There were 4 groups of rats: Group A served as normal; Group B, C and D were given high cholesterol diet and administered with intraperitoneal injection of Triton X-100 to induce hyperlipidaemia. Group B was administered with distilled water and high cholesterol diet on daily basis during the whole treatment and served as hyperlipidaemia contr...
Sadarman1, Agung Irawan2, Muhammad Ridla3, Anuraga Jayanegara3*, Nahrowi3, Roni Ridwan4, Ahmad Sofyan5, Hendra Herdian5, I Nyoman Guna Darma5, Teguh Wahyono6, Dewi Febrina1, Rakhmad Perkasa Harahap7, Rizki Amalia Nurfitriani8, Danung Nur Adli9
...te the effect of tannins extracted from acacia and chestnut on the degradation kinetics of ensiled and non-ensiled soy sauce residue (SSR) in sacco. Two fistulated beef cattle (425±25 kg) fed a diet consisting of 80% Pennisetum purpureum and 20% concentrate was used to incubate the SSR samples (ensiled and non-ensiled) using a 6×11 cm standard nylon bag. Each SSR sample was added with 2% CT and HT, respectively. Soy sauce residue without tannins s...
Noor Bad Shah Khattak1, Hamayun Khan1, Muhammad Tarique Tunio2, Shakoor Ahmad1, Nazir Ahmad3, Syed Murtaza Hassan Andrabi4, Obaidullah5, Ihsan Ali1,5,* and Nan-Zhu Fang5,*
...tivity of green tea (GT) extract on standard post-thawed quality indicators of frozen buffalo bull’s spermatozoa. Semen samples were obtained from the bulls for three weeks through artificial vagina. Egg yolk was used as an extender, in which different concentrations of GT extract (0.0%, 0.50%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0% and 2.5%) were added. Semen quality indicators studied were the percentage of motility, survivability, plasma...
Aftab Ahmad Sheikh1, Khalil Ahmed1*, Belqees Akhter1, Ghulam Qadir1, Muhammad Qaisar Nawaz1, Hafeezullah Rafa1, Abdul Wakeel1, Abdul Manan Saeed2
...der yield, nitrogen free extracts (NFE), crude fat, crude protein, crude fiber, phosphorus, and calcium contents were envaulted at the physiological maturity of crop, four months after the sowing of crop. Results revealed that water salinity adversely affected the quantitative and qualitative attributes of sorghum crop and negative effects were more pronounced with higher level of salinity ECiw (10 dS m-1). Irrigation with higher level of salinity ECiw (10 dS ...
Pham Tan Nha*, Le Thu Thuy
...shrimp soluble hydrolyte extracts of Hoa Lan ducks. It was a complete randomized design with 5 treatments corresponding to 5 diets and 3 replications. Ten ducks balancing in sex were used in one experimental unit. The treatment 0 (basic diet, 0%). Treatment 1, 2, 3 and 4 were mixed basic and shrimp soluble hydrolysate with 1%, 2%, 3% and 4%, respectively (DM). The treatments were: SH0, SH1, SH2, SH3 and SH4, respectively. The results shown that daily weight ga...
Vahid Mollasadeghi1,2* and Samaneh Elyasi1,2
...Y-activated tobacco leaf extract was used to infect the potato plant. This paper measured chlorophyll a, b, leaf area, number of leaves, stem length and tuber weight. The results showed that the symptoms of PVY were completely distinguishable on the leaves of tobacco plants compared to PVY on the leaves of Agria. PVY-infected leaves were more curled and paler than healthy leaves of cultivars Agria. The results of analysis of variance of the evaluated traits sh...
Ali Ikhwan1*, Dian Indratmi1, Faridlotul Hasanah1, Manar Fayiz Mousa Atoum2,3 and Irum Iqrar4,5
...sperma Linn.) can be extracted and function as an organic fungicide for environment-friendly control. This research aimed to examine the type and concentration of purple cleome extract metabolites and understand their effectiveness in inhibiting C. capsici. Purple cleome leaf is extracted with 1:1 w/v absolute methanol and concentrated with 1:1 v/v cold absolute methanol, and th...
K.M. Injarul Haque, Sharmeen Islam*, Md. Rokibul Islam Khan, Md. Ruhul Amin
... crude fiber (CF), ether extract (EE), and ash were declined (p<0.05) in all the treatments (T1, T2, and T3) compared to control T0. In the consideration of results among all the treatments, T2 and T3 up to 28 days were desirable for the preparation of silage. To sum up, rumen content can be utilized in rice straw and napier leftovers in silage preparation which provides a low-cost quality ruminant feed by reducing the environmental pollution.
Keywo...
Amjad Ali1, Muhammad Amir2*, Bilal Ur Rehman2, Zafar Khan3 and Abid Munir1
...mage followed by feature extraction. In this paper, a novel encryption method for minutiae based low-quality-fingerprint framework is proposed. The proposed encryption algorithm works through addition of spurious information to the originally extracted fingerprint data. The addition of spurious information is in correlation with the originally extracted features. The proposed approach is b...
Syed Sikandar Habib1*, Saira Naz2, Sehar Khalid3, Rimsha Kanwal2, Iqra Ameer1, Sadia Nawaz1 Aamir Khan4, Abid Ur Rehman5, Muqaddas Kousar6, Shafa Ullah Khan7 and Nadia Nazir7
...up) and 2%, 4% and 6% of extractions for the other three groups. Duration of the experimental work was six weeks. Water quality parameters including temperature was 29 ± 0.5, DO: 5.7 ± 0.04 and pH: 7.5. Results revealed that the 6% Agaricus bisporus has shown higher lysozyme activity and ACH50 level, while no significant enhancement was observed in Ig. Beside this all the haematological parameters including WBC, RBC, Hb, Hct and differential leuc...
Mohammad Hussain Haidary1, Rozanaliza Radzi1*, Muhammad Waseem Aslam1, Seng Fong Lau1, Farina Mustaffa Kamal2, Ahmad Rasul Radzali1
...al and full mouth dental extraction was applied in 16/57 (28%) cats and result exhibited 1.7% (n=1) death, 3.5% (n=2) partial remission, and 22.8% (n=13) full recovery. Intralesional triamcinolone injection was able to manage FCGS in the short term. Serratiopeptidase or papain alone was not effective in the management of the FCGS.
Keywords | Feline chronic gingivostomatitis, FCGS, Caudal stomatitis, Halitosis, Dental extract
Mirza Gul1*, Muhammad Zahid1, Ikram Ilahi2, Hazrat Ali2*, Fida Hussain3 and Muhammad Anwar Sajad3
...the efficacy of n-hexane extracts of two medicinal plants, Artemisia scoparia and Anisomeles indica against larvae, pupae and adults of Culex quinquefasciatus. The study also evaluated the predatory effects of the diving beetle, Agabus cybister, against various instar larvae of Cx. quinquefasciatus. Bioassay of whole-plant extracts was performed following WHO methods, with slight modifications. LC50 values for A. scoparia an...
Amira Mahmoud Refaie1*, Marwa Hosni Abd El-Maged2, Hassan Abd El-Kriam Hassan Abd El-Halim2, Hanan Abd El-Rahman Hassan Alghonimy2, Sayed Ahmed Mohamed Shaban1
...P) for Exp.1 and aqueous extract (DPPE) for Exp.2. The results revealed that egg production was significantly improved (P<0.01) in the 0.1% DPP group (Exp.1) whereas, all groups exhibited higher (P<0.05) egg production (Exp.2) comparing to normal control. All treated groups exhibited an enhancement (P<0.01) in yolk total cholesterol comparing to either normal or positive control groups (Exp.1 and Exp.2). Spleen percentage (Exp.1) and carcass percentag...
Zane Vincevica-Gaile1, Karina Stankevica1, Maris Klavins1, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi2, Damat Damat3*, Praptiningsih Gawawati Adinurani4, Lili Zalizar5, Muhammad Zul Mazwan6, Juris Burlakovs7,
Didiek Hadjar Goenadi8,9, Rista Anggriani3 and Aamir Sohail10
...s still is based on peat extraction and processing. Due to peat’s fossil origin, it can be considered environmentally unfriendly and unsustainable. Seeking peat-substituting materials is of crucial importance on a global scale and may become a vitally significant assignment for future generations. The necessity for peat-free soil amendments is also directed by the targets of circular economy and environmental sustainability goals, leading to reducing or ...
Lanjie Li1, Jingjing Zhang2, Ruiyan Zhang2, Ning Zhang2, Zixiang Wei2, Guiqin Liu1,*, Riaz Hussain Pasha3, Muhammad Akram Khan4 and Saif-Ur-Rehman5
... due to lack of advanced extracting methodologies. In this study, an innovative extracting technology was established for the extraction of antioxidant oligopeptides from donkey meat by two-step enzymatic hydrolysis. The influence of enzymolysis on the degree of hydrolysis (DH) and protein recovery (PR) were evaluated, and the chemical composition, antioxidant activity, and molecular weigh...
Juliet N. Ozioko1, Obinna V. Ayogu2, Benjamin O. Ezema1, Dilibe C. Uramah3 and Kingsley O. Omeje*,1
...lum albidum ethanol leaf extract was studied to ascertain it potentials on hematological indices and hepatocyte of wistar albino rat. Twenty-five rats that weighed 98-168g were separated into five groups. Phytochemicals were quantified using standard methods. Alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponnins and terpernoids were detected. The leaf extract had 0.415 % of alkaloids, 0.102 mg/TAEq of tannins, 0.211 mg/QEq of flavonoids...
Alexander Tsybulsky1*, Tatyana Tabakaeva1, Anna Klimovich2, Michail Shchelkanov1, Eduard Kostetsky1, Maksim Aliev1, Anton Degtyarenko3
...al DNA and total RNA was extracted from the WBC. The cDNA was obtained using an mRNA matrix. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of FeLV in WBC as well as expression of genes of interest were conducted using real-time PCR (qPCR). Results. Cats with initial signs of leukaemic process activation in WBC showed the following: 1) enhanced FeLV replication activity, 2) reduced expression of the ifnα6, ifnα7, ifnλ1, p53, gadd45g genes and increas...
Wafaa M.A. Ghoneem, Reham R. El-Tanany and Adel E.M. Mahmoud*
...tter, crude fiber, ether extract, nitrogen-free extract, and feeding value expressed as digestible crude protein. And there were insignificant (P<0.05) differences between G1 and G2 in the digestibility (%) of OM, CP, ADF, and TDN values. While the highest nutrients digestibility and nutritive value were recorded in G3 (2% zeolite addition) Rumen parameters were in the normal range and with insignificant (P<0.05) diffe...
Riaz Shah1*, Shaikha Hilal Al Ismaili2, Sheikha S. Al-Siaby1, Amal Mohammed Al Nasiri2, Thuraiya Hafidh Al Maskari2, Jamal AlSabahi3 and Huda Al-Ruqaishi3
...sition of essential oils extracted from commercially available fresh and dried organic or conventionally grown basil available in Oman. The essential oils from Omani and Indian fresh conventionally grown basil, fresh organic Belgian basil, dried organic Egyptian basil and dried conventionally grown UAE basil were extracted using advanced microwave extraction system. The essential oils chem...
Muhammad Tariq Mahmood1*, Muhammad Akhtar2, Kaiser Latif Cheema2, Abdul Ghaffar3, Imtiaz Ali4, Muhammad Jahanzaib Khalid2 and Zeshan Ali5
...genotypes. D2 statistics extracted higher values for standard deviation and coefficient of variation indicating that the studied genotypes possess considerable amount of genetic variation in performance of studied different traits. Principle component analysis distinguished the traits into eight components. Results revealed that PC1 and 2 extracted >1 Eigen values explaining that these components have major contribution i...
Lethal and Sub Lethal Effects of Plant Extracts and Green Silver Nanoparticles against Culex pipiens
Abdul Jabbar1, Muhammad Tariq1*, Asim Gulzar1, Tariq Mukhtar2 and Tayyaba Zainab3
...pesticides such as plant extracts and green synthesized nanoproducts have received much attention as potentially useful bioactive compounds against mosquitoes. In the present study, the effects of extracts of four plants i.e. Azadirachta indica, Zingiber officinale, Syzygium aromaticum and Datura stramonium and their green synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were evaluated against 3rd and 4th instar larvae of C. pipiens...
Sana Khalid1,2*, Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman2,3, Usman Hameed2,4, Shabnum Shaheen1, Muhammad Naveed Shahid5, Khajista Jabeen1, Farah Khan1, Muhammad Saleem Haider1
...e later confirmed by DNA extraction from whiteflies and symptomatic plants followed by PCR amplification of CP gene and full length genome of viruses for authentication of results. So, it has been confirmed that whiteflies were not responsible for transmission of CpCDV and MCV from diseased to healthy plants....
Hanan Fathy Hammouda1, Mohammad Mahmoud Farag2*, Mervet M.F. El Deftar3, Mohamed Abdel-Gabbar4, Basant M. Mohamed4
... cultured with scaffolds extracts. Also, the antitumor activity of the scaffolds was studied against cancer osteosarcoma cell lines using Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. The results showed that addition of cerium-doped nanobioactive glass to the composite scaffolds was triggered an increase in cell growth, proliferation and mineralization markers of osteoblast cells that increased with time as the highest concentrations of CeO2 innanobioacti...
Afsheen Noman Saddar1, Anila Naz Soomro2*, Sadaf Tabasum Qureshi1, Syeda Saleha Hassaney1 and Mukhtiar Ahmed Mahar2
... µg/ml) of aqueous extracts of five fertility enhancing plants were tested for 24 h incubation to check mortality of brine shrimp nauplii. Mean comparison of brine shrimp cytotoxicity assay revealed noticeable deviations from the both positive and negative controls. Alive percentage of nauplii observed in the aqueous extract of sweet flag root and radish seed ranged from 0 to 10%, land-calotrops root
El-Kholy KH1, Tag El-Din H1, Tawfeek FA2, Sara HM Hassab1*
...-christi) leaves aqueous extract (SLAE) on endocrine hormones and reproductive function in laying hens under hyperthermia stress. Two hundred and twenty 25-wks-old-laying hens were randomly split into 4 groups, each is composed of 50 hens and 5 cock; the groups were included control group (received a basal diet without addition), SLAE2.5 group (received basal diet + 2.5 ml SLAE /kg diet), SLAE 5 (basal diet + 5 ml SLAE /kg diet) and SLAE 7.5 (basal diet + 7.5 ...
Fatma Desouki Mohammed Abdallah
...le component analysis to extract new carcass trait components of Japanese quail from old variables. The idea of this method is that it forms a new variable (linear combinations of them) by reduction the dimension of the data for a large number of old variables. A total of 720 values of data were used to represent the variables under study for three different lines of Japanese quail. These variables were (live, slaughter, dressing, carcass, heart, liver, gizzar...
Hafiza Mehwish Iqbal1, Qurrat Ul Ain Akbar1, Saqib Arif1, Shahid Yousaf2*, Salman Khurshid1, Saqib Jabbar2, Neelofar Hamid3 and Uzma Sitara1
... in methanol and acetone extracts. It was concluded from the results that ripening stage has effects on the nutritional values which point out that the ideal maturity stage to maintain optimal postharvest storage ability and nutritional value is breaking stage of fresh tomato which is the most suitable for storage....
Hassan Ali1, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1* and Muhammad Imran Hamid2
...tial of four local plant extracts and two promising microbial formulations against 5th instar larvae of T. granarium. Toxicity bioassays revealed that the extracts of Citrus reticulata L. and Solanum nigrum L. were most effective against T. granarium causing significantly higher larval mortality (35 – 40%) than other botanical treatments. Similarly, the highest concentration (15%) of C. reticulata
Arman Sayuti1, Hamdan Hamdan2, Miftahul Jannah3, Safriadi Safriadi3, Teuku Nasri3, Tongku Nizwan Siregar2*
...fect of bovine pituitary extract (BPE) on increasing the number of offspring per birth and the concentration of steroids (estrogen and progesterone) in the local rabbits. In this study, we used 10 non pregnant rabbits that have given birth and were healthy clinically. All rabbits were randomly divided into two treatment groups, namely control group (K1) and treatment group (K2) where each group consist of five rabbits. The rabbits of K1 group were injected wit...
Ameliorative Effect of GSPE Against AFB1 Induced Immunotoxicity and Hepatotoxicity in Japanese Quail
Maha Khalil1, Gamal Shams2, Hosny Abdel Fadil2, Nagah Edrees2, Mostafa Abonorag1, Nasser El-Sabbagh3, Eman A. Ahmed4*
...pe seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) to alleviate the detrimental effects triggered by aflatoxin B1 in Japanese quail. Four groups of Japanese quail birds were fed either a basal diet (control), basal + 1mg/kg AFB1 (AFB1 diet), basal+ 500 mg/kg GSPE (GSPE diet), or basal+ 1mg/kg AFB1+ 500 mg/kg GSPE (AFB1+GSPE diet) for 5 weeks. Biochemical parameters, lipid peroxidation, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and histopathological investigations were assessed. GSPE s...
Tiara Widyaputri*, Aldryan Cristianto Pratama, Dian Vidiastuti, Yudit Oktanella
...blood were collected and extracted and DNA isolated. DNA amplification was carried out using primer Forward (BLAD_F) 5’-TCAACGTGACCTTCCGGAGG-3’ and Reverse (BLAD_R) 5’-CCCAGATTCTTGACGTTGAC-3’. Amplification of the CD18 gene segment on chromosome 1 exon 2 with a target length of 106bp has been successfully carried out with a success rate of 100%. RFLP analysis of NCOI cutting restriction enzymes shows that there are two bands at 66bp and...
Doaa Khairy1, Mohamed Ali Osman2 and Fatma Abdel Mohsen Mostafa1*
...otential of aqueous leaf extracts of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam), or neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) singly or in integration with different parts of canola (Brassica napus L.) extracts to alleviate the deleterious effect of Meloidogyne incognita as well as ameliorate tomato growth in vivo. A mixture of moringa or neem aqueous leaf extracts with different parts of canola viz. leaf, st...
A. Samy1*, H.M.A. Hassan1, Fatma T.F. Abd-El Ghany2, Shama H. Morsy2
...ding curcumin and garlic extracts to the diet of growing rabbits affected productive performance, carcass characteristics and antioxidant status. Sixty growing rabbits (APRI) were divided into five groups of 12 rabbits each at the age of six weeks. Five diets containing the same proportions of all nutrients were made. The first control diet (without any additives); curcumin (CE) or garlic extract (GE) at concentrations of 20...
Ishrat Younus1,2 and Afshan Siddiq1*
...ic activities of ethanol extract of Raphanus sativus var. caudatus in albino mice. The analgesic and antipyretic activities were determined at three different doses (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) using different pain models (writhing induced, tail flick) and yeast induced pyrexia tests, respectively. The extract exhibited significant (p < 0.05) in vivo analgesic and antipyretic potential in term of % writhes inhibition, increase...
Rabia Bibi1, R. Muhammad Tariq2, Samir A.M. Abdelgaleil3 and Munawwer Rasheed1, 4*
...ar 2015-18. Samples were extracted using a Soxhlet extraction method with solvents of varying polarity (hexane, dichloromethane, and methanol). Five different concentrations of the extracts were subjected to the toxic assessment against two species of stored grain pests (Sitophilus oryzae and Callosobruchus maculatus). Results obtained from experimental trail proved that the C. maculatus w...
Muhammad Ammar Dilawar1,2, Hong Seok Mun1, Myeong Gil Jeong1, Eun Ju Yang3, Hyeoung Seog Park4 and Chul Ju Yang1,2,*
...Geranium thunbergii (GT) extracts and liquid mineral (LM) in drinking water, on the growth performance, breast and thigh meat yield, digestive organ weights and meat quality characteristics in broilers. A total of 210 broilers were divided into the following treatment groups: (i) control, (ii) T1 (0.05% 4 MA: 1 GT + 0.01% LM), (iii) T2 (0.05% 4 MA: 1 GT + 0.05% LM), (iv) T3 (0.05% 4 MA: 1 GT + 0.1% LM), (v) T4 (0.1% 4 MA: 1 GT + 0.01% LM), (vi) T5 (0.1% 4 MA: ...
Amira M. Nowier1, Hassan R. Darwish2, Sherif I. Ramadan3, Nadia A. Abo El-Maaty2 and Othman E. Othman2*
...s were collected for DNA extraction; 74 from Zaraibi, 41 from Damascus, and 45 from Barki breeds. Two genotypes, TT and TC, in the α-lactalbumin gene were identified using single strand conformation polymorphism. DNA sequencing resulted in one non-synonymous MT163744: g.128T>C SNP (TCG Ser> CCG Pro) at the sixth nucleotide of α-lactalbumin gene exon III. Barki breed showed the highest heterozygosity (0.260) and effective number of alleles (1....
Ahmed Alazzouni1, Ashraf Al-Brakati2,*, Sherif Rabie1, Mohamed Gabry1 and Basmaa Hassan1
... curcumin, and green tea extracts against benzene chromasolv-induced leukaemia in rats and their ability to alleviate the histopathological alterations in the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) and spleen. In this study 70 rats were divided into seven groups as follow: control, benzene (0.2 ml twice/week), Moringa oleifera (100 mg/kg), curcumin (300 mg/kg), green tea (350 mg/kg), combined green tea and curcumin, and cyclophosphamide (7.5 mg/kg) groups. All groups w...
Roshana Mukhtar1, Shaheen Shahzad1*, Sajid Rashid2, Maryam Rozi2, Madiha Rasheed3, Imran Afzal4 and Pakeeza Arzoo Shaiq5
...rocessed for genomic DNA extraction followed by Sanger sequencing to identify pathogenic mutations in UROS gene. Sequence analysis revealed a pathogenic missense mutation (c.935T>C [p. L237P]) in the exon 10.The sequence was further analysed in-silico to determine the effect of pathogenic mutation on protein structure. In-silico analysis and comparison between UROSL237P and UROSWT 3-dimensional structures revealed remarkable changes in the binding site of U...
Jun Zhang1*, Xiaocao Xu2 and Min Cao2
...in which information was extracted and collected from patients’ records, including gender, age, number of blood transfusions per year, HBs-Ag, HCV-Ab and Anti-HBs. The study included 630 thalassemia major patients who received regular blood transfusions at a hospital in Bengbu, China. We found that out of 630 patients of the study, there were three HBs-Ag positive, so the prevalence of HBV in this study is 0.5%. The prevalence of HCV-Ab positive was 7.1 ...
Nabila Khan1, Imran Ahmad2 and Muhammad Bilal Sadiq1*
...fy;">Ultrasonic assisted extraction (UAE) of total phenolic content (TPC) from almond hull was optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). TPC and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity were used as response variables. Almond hull extract was chemically characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) and gas chromatography mass spectrometer (GCMS). The ...
Rasha Ali Taha Hamza1, Atef Saad Osheba1, Hassan Mohamed Sobhy2, Sahar Hussein Abdalla Hekal2*
...both water and ethanolic extracts of galangal and sumac extracts. Also, the effect of previous extracts on quality attributes of beef burger was evaluated. The ethanolic extracts of both galangal and sumac were shown to have significantly higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents than the aqueous extract, in particu...
Muhammad Asif1*, Ahmad Ali Shahid1,2 and Nasir Ahmad3
...potential. Crude protein extract was also prepared to observe the inhibitory effect of G. lucidum against A. solani. The results for interaction of mycelia of G. lucidum with pathogen A. solani reveal that G. lucidum is an efficient biocontrol agent to reduce the disease incidence. Crude protein extract was also found beneficial to control the pathogen. The results for minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of crude protein ...
Judith Kiptoo1*, Daniel Mutisya2, Paul Ndegwa1, Ruth Amata3, Lucy Irungu4 and Rotich Godfrey5
... were collected for PPNs extraction by using modified Baermann’s technique and identification by morphological features. The findings indicated that four major genera were abundant in different citrus growing ecological zones in Kenya. The identified species were Meloidogyne incognita, Tylenchulus semipenetrans, Helicotylenchus dihystera and, Pratylenchus brachyurus. The most abundant species in all the surveyed localities was T. semipenetrans. Factor re...
Eman Alsayed Hammad and Atef Mohamed El-Sagheer
..., and the quality of the extracted juice (pH, TSS, vitamin C, protein, carbohydrates, and fatty acids). Treatments of Marjoram emulsion oil, Chitosan, and Vermicompost recorded the best increase percentages after the chemical nematicide, compared to control. It could be concluded that, the use of tested eco-friendly agents in the control strategies resulted from an effective alternative strategy in the suppression of the root-knot nematode and other plant-para...
Jiang Wu*
... separated using Soxhlet extraction method with light petroleum as organic solvent. The antibacterial properties of T. officinale extracts against foodborne pathogens were evaluated by agar diffusion method. Sub-inhibitory concentration (SIC) value, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) value were measured. The virulence gene expression of the four foodborne pathogens was a...
Maria Qibtia1, Sehrish Faryal1, Muhammad Wasim1, Farzana Chowdhary1, Muhammad Tayyab1, Ahmed Mansovuri2, Zeeshan Ahmed2, Muhammad Hamid3 and Ali Raza Awan1,*
...lations. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood. Consequently, SNPs were analyzed with the PCR-sequencing method. The statistical analysis was performed in SPSS using the method of chi-square test. All the SNPs were evaluated for the association of polymorphism. In the current study 20 out of 30 LP subjects were presented with the following SNPs: C/T-13910 (intron 13) and G/A-22018 (intron 9), representing a frequency level of 0.67 for association. Si...
Noora Hassan Hezam Al-Aqmer1*, Zain Aamir2, Muhammad Farooq Hanif3, Soumble Zulfiqar4, Sibgha Zulfiqar1, Mateen Izhar5 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori4*
...icipant and used for DNA extraction, polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. After restriction, samples were run on 2% agarose gel followed by visualization under UV light. Data analysis was done using IBM SPSS 24. We found that the distribution of ApaI genotypes was 28 (42.4%), 27 (40.9%), and 11 (16.7%) for the genotypes AA, Aa, and aa in responders and 22 (33.3%), 26 (39.4%), and 18 (27.3%) in non-responders. The all...
Mubasshir Sohail*, Qadeer Ahmed Soomro, Raza Muhammad, Muhammad Usman Asif and Imran Rauf
... EDTA) and various plant extracts on the enzyme activity were also tested. Cellulase was further purified and characterized through chromatographic techniques and electrophoresis. Gel filtration chromatography showed the presence of multiple forms of enzyme activities with different molecular weights. SDS-PAGE showed the presence of endoglucanase activities with molecular weight of 57 kDa....
Mujahid Tanvir1, Muhammad Asam Riaz1*, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1, Mazhar Iqbal Zafar2, Muhammad Tariq3 and Muhammad Bilal Tayyab1
...rmulations and botanical extracts against C. quinquefasciatus larvae. Among the n-hexane extracts of 40 indigenous plant species collected from Soon Valley and surrounding salt range of Pakistan bioassayed against C. quinquefasciatus larvae, eighteen botanicals exhibited more than 50% larval mortality in 48 h exposure. The most effective botanical extracts were Maerua arenaria Forsk, Neriu...
Muhammad Ismail1,*, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1 and Umair Abbas1 and Riaz Hussain2
...ntrol. Insecticidal phytoextracts are biorational alternates to hazardous synthetic insecticides. This study evaluated the efficacy of aqueous extracts of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss), garlic (Allium sativum L.), ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) and lime citrus (Citrus aurantifolia (Christm.) Swingle) on the fruits of five citrus cultivars (i.e. bitter orange (Citrus aurantium L.), grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macfad)...
Mudassar Jehan1, Masroor Ahmed Bajwa2, Mohammad Masood Tariq2, Asim Faraz3*, Abdul Samaad2, Jameel Ahmad1 and Yousaf Hassan Barozai2
...eed were sampled for DNA extraction. Some specific markers (15 out of available 30 SSR markers) were employed in the present study to highlight genetic polymorphism. The PCR was utilized for amplification of individual DNA samples. All of the 15 SSR markers were amplified. After gel documentation, a total number of 97 alleles were recognized having 1 to 5 polymorphic forms (OARFCB193, OARJMP29, MAF33) to 4 (OARHH47, DYMS1, SRCRSP5). For total loci, number of a...
Hye-myoung, Jang 1,3, Ju-Hyeun, Kim3, Garam Park1, Yoon Dong Choi4, Sun-Eui Kim1,5, Gwang Joo Jeon1,2*
...wood (Aquiralia crassna) extract (AE) and its effects on prevention of dementia related diseases through ICR mice experiment. The mice were fed with 5 mg of AE per day for 16 weeks to see the effect of AE on inhibition of two major biomarkers of beta-amyloid (Aβ) and tau-protein (τ-protein) formed in the brain tissues. Under the hypothesis of obesity inducing potential dementia, mice were fed with high-fat energy diet to gain excessive weight. The exp...
Manatsanun Nopparatmaitree1*, Pornpan Saenphoom1, Sittichai Bunlue1, Silchai Washiraomornlert1, Warangkana Kitpipit2,3,4, Soranot Chotnipat1
...ity of dry matter, ether extract, crude fiber, and crude protein (p<0.05). The supplementation of TABP combined with probiotics increased the lactic acid bacteria, Enterococcus sp., and volatile fatty acids (p < 0.05) and decreased Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli in the cecum of different treatment to control groups (p < 0.05). In addition, TABP combined with probiotics supplementation increased the villus height, villus surface area, and the dep...
Tri Untari1*, Sitarina Widyarini2, Michael Haryadi Wibowo1, Marla Anggita1
...er ...
Chandni Wajid1, Abdul Hameed Baloch1, Ahmed Nawaz Khosa1*, Hubdar Ali Kaleri2, Nasrullah Bangulzai1, Sarfraz Ali Fazlani1, Haleema Sadia3, Saeeda Kalsoom4, Muhammad Bilawal Arain2, Wassem Ali Vistro2
...ds and processed for DNA extraction. Primers were designed using Primer 3 software and PCR was performed. PCR products were sequenced and analyzed for observing genetic variation in PROP1 gene of these four sheep breeds of Balochistan. The result for PROP1 gene analysis showed 7 variations including 3 frame shift and 4-point mutations with c.63G>A, c.83G>A, c.94G>T, c.104C>G, c.237G>A, c.432T>C and c.450C>T were observed in all three exons...
Emtenan M. Hanafi1*, Fouad M. Tawfeek2, Walid S. El Nattat1, Moetazza M. Alshafei3, Seham S. Kassem3, Kawkab A. Ahmed4, Enas N. Danial5, Hagar Elbakry3, Hoda S. El-Sayed2
...acteria were done for SP extract. BL has been microencapsulated in association with SP. Twentiy eight. adult male rats were divided into 4 equal groups. G1 received high fat diet (HFD), G2 received HFD and microencapsulated BL, G3 was supplemented by HFD plus encapsulated SP and BL. While G4 received basic diet as a control. After 2 months, animals were sacrificed. Results showed that SP had antimicrobial effect against pathogenic bacteria while, it kept probi...
Asmaa Khamis1, Osama Abdalla1, Mohamed Hashem2, Noha Abdelnaeim1*
... of both medicinal plant extracts on rats intoxicated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). A total of 60 male albino rats were equally distributed in six groups. The first group received purified water and was kept as a control. The second and third groups were given oral PN and PM (500 mg/kg/day) for 31 days, respectively. The fourth group was intraperitoneally injected with CCl4 (2 ml/kg/day) on days 15 and 16 of the experiment. The fifth and sixth groups recei...
Gamalat Y. Osman1, Elham M. Hassan1*, Tarek A. Salem2, Azza H. Mohamed1
...ugreek crude seeds water extract (FWE) on Schistosoma mansoni infected mice was studied in the present work and Praziquantel (PZQ) was applied as a standard drug. FWE was chemically analyzed by the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) technique. The main recorded constituents were rutin, P-coumaric, hydroxyl-benzoic acid, ferulic acid, and sinapic acid. Results of the present study indicated that FWE (0.5 ml/mouse for 10 successive days) exhibited a s...
Ahmed Mohamed Elmahdy1*, Naglaa Mohammed Alkalamawy2
...“O.M” leaves extract in male rabbits against the negative effects of ivermectin. Twenty male rabbits were used and divided into four groups each group contain 5 rabbits as a following: Group one: rabbits which served as negative control were orally administered distilled water for 60 consecutive days. Group two: The rabbits in this group were given an aqueous extract of O.M. orally (200 milligrams per kilogram of...
Preparation and Evaluation of Cattle Feed by Ensiling Wet Rice Straw, Market Fish Waste and Molasses
Avijite Sarker, Sharmeen Islam, S.M. Ariful Islam, Md. Rokibul Islam Khan*, Md Mukhlesur Rahman
...rude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), ash, ME, OMD were elevated significantly with MFW and ensiling time (P<0.05). Comparing the parameters, T2 and T3 were preferable to prepare silages as cattle feed. Finally, it can be summed up that market fish waste is a valuable resource for the preservation of rice straw which provides farmers with cheap and environmentally friendly cattle feed.
Keywords | Environmental pollution, Silage, Metabolizable energ...
Iram Liaqat1*, Umaima Bibi2, Muhammad Arshad3 and Najma Arshad2*
...nd, H. officinalis plant extracts exhibited low free radical scavenging ability and antioxidant potential. Obtained knowledge via present study have been extended further for isolation of potential bioactive components with natural and inherent antimicrobial and antioxidant properties....
Muhammad Zeeshan Nadeem1, Muhammad Farrukh Saleem1*, Muhammad Ashfaq Wahid1 and Muhammad Anwar ul Haq2
..., ash contents and ether extractable fat were increased prominently by CaCl2 over the other priming agents. Among the cultivars, Sargodha Bajra 2011 performed better than other cultivars it showed better adaptability for more pearl millet fodder yield and quality. Therefore, seed priming with CaCl2 can be used to increase pearl millet fodder yield and quality to overcome the fodder scarcity under semi-arid regions....
Adimabua Mike Moemeka1, Ufuoma Godstime Sorhue1*, Sylvanus Ikenna Omeje2, Lawrence Bratte2, Raphael Onainor1, Okpara Oghenesuvwe2
...wed higher nitrogen-free extract (NFE) and lower crude protein content in boiled red sweet potato meal than in the maize. Nutrient digestibility was significantly different (P<0.05) among treatments. The average total weight gain ranged from 13.22kg in T2 to 17.18kg in T1 followed closely by 16.44kg in T3. There were significant differences (P<0.05) among the treatments for all the performance characteristics studied, except average daily weight gain and...
Syeda Rubab Zaidi* and Safdar Ali Mirza
...accase activity of crude extract i.e. 10.89U/ml increased to 15.07U/ml with purification of the enzyme, the purified samples of enzyme was significantly greater protein concentration than crude sample so, the optimum pH was 5.0 for laccase activity and the enzymatic extract was thermostable up to 60oC for 1 hour with guaiacol as substrate. The biological production of enzyme have an ecofriendly impact in current scenario.&nb...
Heba Abdo Basha1, Walaa Slouma Hamouda Abd El Naby2*, Samya Erian Ibrahim3, Abeer Fikry Elnahas2
...d from each bird for DNA extraction. Four birds were selected randomly/group to be slaughtered for carcass traits. In MSTN, only six non-synonymous SNPs were recorded leading to four amino acid substitution in exon 1 and 2 amino acids substitution in exon 2. In low body weight, only one non-synonymous mutation was recorded at exon 2. The 3’UTR-IGF-2 sequence showed 14 SNPs in high body weight and three SNPs in low body weight. The carcass weight percenta...
Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi
...ato was evaluated. Crude extracts of M. indica bark was fractionated on silica-gel (120-150 mesh) using glass column. The resulting fractions were investigated in screenhouse and field trials. The fractions were equated with carbofuran a synthetic nematicide. Each experimental pot containing 40 kg of pasteurized soil was inoculated with 1000 eggs of M. incognita in the screenhouse, while 2500 eggs was introduced to the base of each tomato plant on the field. S...
Nimra Altaf1, Muhammad Arshad1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1, Muhammad Irfan Ullah1*, Hamza Latif1, Muhammad Zeeshan1, Gulfam Yousuf1 and Muhammad Afzal2
...tanical, i.e., neem leaf extract @ (50 ppm and 100 ppm) against FAW larvae in maize. Our findings showed a significant effect (P < 0.001) of these chemicals on the mortality and consumption rate of FAW larvae. Results show that mortality increased in all treatments with time. Recommended dose of chlorantraniliprole (50 ml/100 litre water) insecticide showed 71.0% mortality of FAW on 5th day, which increased up to 82.0% on the 7th day after application of tr...
Teguh Wahyono1,2*, Wahidin Teguh Sasongko3, Wijaya Murti Indriatama4, Setiawan Martono5, Slamet Widodo3, Widhi Kurniawan6, Muhamad Nasir Rofiq7
...rude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF), hemicellulose, cellulose, or non-fibre carbohydrate (NFC) content. Samurai 1 sorghum silage had the lowest NDF and ADF, both in non-wilted and wilted materials (P < 0.05). The interaction of wilting and different variety had a significant impact on NDF (P < 0.05), ADF, OM, and CP (P < 0.01). Wilting treatment had no significant impact on all aspects of in...
Saima Mehar1 and Salma Javed2*
...tatic potential of crude extract of Withania coagulans. It is known for its withanolide class of chemical compounds. The biological assessment of two primary fractions of W. coagulans crude extract, chloroform and butanol, is the focus of the current study. Crude extracts were tested against Meloidogyne incognitain vitro conditions. The second stage juveniles (J2) were exposed at 24, 48 an...
Dalia M. Aboelhassan1*, Inas S. Ghaly1, Noha E. Ibrahim2, Nermeen M. Shaffie3, Mariam G. Eshak1, Aboelfetoh M. Abdallah4, Ibrahim M. Farag1
...acity of Fagonia cretica extract (FCE) to inhibit bisphenol A-induced genotoxicity and histopathology in rats. In the genetic study, the assaying of expressions of IkBα and COX-1 genes in liver tissues, as well as the expressions of mdr1a and COX-1 genes in kidney tissues are evaluated. In addition, the histological architectures of these organs are examined. Bisphenol A (BPA) treatment causes over-expressions of the above mentioned genes, and induces ma...
Ngoc Tan Nguyen1*, Minh Thanh Tram1, Thi Thu Pham1, Tan Loi Le1, Thi Khanh Ly Nguyen1, Tuan Thanh Hoang2, Cong Thieu Pham3, Nguyen Khang Duong4
Muhammad Ajmal Khan1, Muhammad Yahya2*, Ali Hazrat2, Javed Khan3, Saeed Jan4, Tabinda Nowsheen2 and Inam Ullah5
...activities of methanolic extracts of T. camphoratum leaves. The methanolic extract was quantitatively evaluated for alkaloids, flavonoids and terpenoids contents. The antibacterial activity of methanolic leaves extract of T. camphoratum was carried out against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains through agar well diffusion assay (small wells were made with cork borer and 6&mu...
Taufiq Bachtiar1, Muftia Hanani2, Anisiyah2, Winda Puspitasari2, Wahidin Teguh Sasongko3, Teguh Wahyono4*
...h, organic matter, ether extract, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, hemicellulose, and non-fiber carbohydrate. Organic matter, crude protein, ether extract, and non-fiber carbohydrate content in soil with pH 5.4 ranged between 91.94–94.67, 27.78–38.20, 13.99–22.78, and 16.31–33.82% DM, respectively. Meanwhile, in soil pH of 4.0, ranges were 92.24–94.80, 23.07–39.99, 14.88&ndas...
Xiaoguang Su1,*, Yanjun Gao2, Yanling Wang1 and Yaohui Ma2
Fei Wang1, Xiaofen Hu1, Feng Wen2, Xiaoen Tang3, Shanshan Yang1, Shengwei Zhong1, Zuohong Zhou1, Xu Yuan1 and Yong Li1,*
...fter the desired RNA was extracted from the intestine of Wahui pigeons, the complete CDS of vasoactive intestinal peptide was obtained by PCR amplification and sequencing, in addition, a variety of bioinformatics analysis was performed to evaluate its structural characteristics. CDS of vasoactive intestinal peptide, encoding 132 amino acids, is 399 bp long in Wahui pigeon. Vasoactive intestinal peptide probably belongs to a hydrophilic peptide without any sign...
Diagnosis of Staphylococcus aureus Infection in Bovine Mastitis using its Affinity Purified Fraction
Ehab A. Fouad1*, Khaled A. Abd El-Razik2 , Eman H. Abdel-Rahman3
...s aureus (S. aureus) was extracted, characterized and evaluated for its potency in diagnosis of S. aureus mastitis through indirect Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). For purification of fraction, bacterial fresh cultures were centrifuged at 3000 rpm / 20 min and were homogenate in phosphate buffer saline and centrifuged at 15000 rpm / 20 min that known as the crude antigen. It entered to affinity column chromatography [Cyanogen Bromide-Sepharose 4B (C...
Hakan Kececi1*, Yasin Ozturk2, M. Bahaeddin Dortbudak3, Seda Yakut4, Gurdal Dagoglu5 and Merve Ozturk1
...e dose of cocklebur seed extract was provided by gavage after being concentrated by 2 ml for each animal (80 mg ATR/kg) except for those in the control group, and time-dependent hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic, hematological and biochemical effects were analyzed. No histopathological change was detected in the liver and kidney tissues of the rats in the experimental groups. Both hematological and serum biochemical values (Ca, P, TBIL, ALT, AST, ALP, Urea, and Creatin...
Mahmoud S. Sirag1*, Effat L. El Sayed2, Mahmoud M. Hussein3, Khalid A. El-Nesr1, Mahmoud B. El-Begawey1
...mmified fetuses had been extracted from the uterus of examined cows (3/30). The disrupted growing and mature follicles were a distinctive microscopic feature in infected animals while such changes were absent in negative cows. The intact oocytes were clearly pronounced only in the negative animals. The fallopian tubes are free from any pathological lesions in the negative animals. Immunohistochemical, BVDV antigen was detected in ear notch, ovaries, fallopian...
Aysam Fayed1, Mohga A Ibrahem2, Soha A. Hassan3, Mohammed Abdalla Hussein4*, Tamer Roshdy1
...nt capacity of cranberry extract in high-fat diet-induced obesity. For eight weeks, 36 white albino rats weighing 197±10 g were selected at random to five groups: Group I was administered a regular diet; Group II was fed a high-fat diet; Group III was given a high-fat diet plus cranberry extract (75 mg/kg); Group IV was fed a high-fat diet with cranberry extract (150 mg/kg); and Gro...
Zahra Naz1,2, Fouzia Ismat1, Muhammad Saleem2, Mazhar Iqbal1, Aamir Shehzad1 and Moazur Rahman1,2*
...e devised a strategy for extraction and solubilization of the NDV M protein from Escherichia coli in a single step using a non-ionic detergent, lauryl-dimethylamine oxide (LDAO), enabling the purification of the detergent-solubilized M protein in a soluble form through affinity chromatography without compromising the structural integrity of the protein. Using the purified M protein as a diagnostic antigen, an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) ...
Umar Farooq Gohar, Attia Majeed, Bushra Muneer* and Hamid Mukhtar
... was achieved with yeast extract sucrose broth medium with 15% and 5% supplementation of glucose and peptone as carbon and nitrogen source, respectively at pH 5.5 and temperature 25ºC. The endophytic fungi emerging as an alternative source of such medically important secondary metabolites....
Muhammad Rizwan, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza*, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed and Muhammad Arshad
...would be the use of phytoextracts having insecticidal activity. The main objective of this study was to find out the toxic effect of various plant extracts against D. mangiferae. Three concentrations (i.e. 6.25, 12.5 and 25.0%) of leaf extracts of neem, Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Meliaceae), eucalyptus Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. (Myrtaceae), datura Datura stramonium L. (Solanaceae), ...
Khurram Sheraz* and Taj Ali Khan
...und that DWT effectively extracted the two-dimensional time-amplitude-frequency information from the time series that was hidden in the observed raw data i.e. the time-frequency information manifested in the shape of time periodicities of intra-annual to inter-annual events....
Ezz Ibrahim Khalifa, Ahmed Loly Ibrahim Desoky, Adel AbdElaziz Elbadawy, Gamal Ibrahim El-Emam, Tarek Messlam Mahmoud Mahdy*
... ideal level of bee bear extract (BBE) up to 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 % for ram semen extender during freezing steps. Semen was collected by an artificial vagina from five adult Rahmani rams twice-weekly for five weeks. Semen was pooled, split into five replicates, and prepared to be frozen. In 1st replicate, semen was extended in Tris egg yolk (TEY) is contained synthetic sources of energy (fructose), antibiotics (penicillin and streptomycin), and antioxidants ...
Haitham Al Masruri1, Rashid Al Zeidi2, Aiman Al Mufarji3, Abd El-Nasser Ahmed Mohammed3, Ahmed Al-Madani4, Al-Hassan Mohammed5*
...ifera leaves, seeds, and extracts are administered to animals for therapeutic and nutritional purposes. The effects of using M. oleifera and its extracts on animals’ production and health have shown beneficial effects in several studies. The roles of M. oleifera and its extracts on nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation and enzyme activities, growth and reproductive performances,...
Iqtidar Hussain1*, Shakeel Ahmad Jatoi2, Muhammad Jawad Nazir1, Ehtesham Ul Haq1, Faheem Abbas1 and Muhammad Saqib Raza Shah1
...oides L.) leaves aqueous extract was determined in cultivated oat (Avena sativa L.), maize (Zea mays L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.), pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucumL.), bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench. Response of aqueous leaves extract was assessed through various agronomic and physiological parameters including number of plants emerged, leaves per plant, chlorophyll content, root an...
Ghulam Qadir1, Khalil Ahmed1*, Muhammad Ashfaq Anjum1, Quais Muhammad Affan2, Muhammad Zaighum Mushtaq3, Muhammad Amjad Qureshi4, Amar Iqbal Saqib1, Hafeezullah Rafa1, Abdul Wakeel1, Ghulam Shabir1, Muhammad Rizwan1, Muhammad Qaisar Nawaz1 and Muhammad Faisal Nawaz1
...cal conductivity of soil extract) 0.79, 6 and 8 dS m-1 and SAR (sodium adsorption ratio) 5.99, 25 and 35. Each crop was grown for four months and biomass yield data was recorded. Results of three successive seasons suggest that all the evaluated medicinal plants can grow under the medium salinity and sodicity level of (6 dS m-1 + 25 SAR). However, biomass yield decreased linearly with increasing levels of salinity and sodicity and a maximum reduction of 63.25%...
Ghalib Ayaz Kachelo1, Nasir Ahmed Rajput1*, Muhammad Atiq1, Shahbaz Talib Sahi1, Nasir Ahmad Khan1, Akhtar Hameed2, Noor Muhammad1 and Muhammad Saqib Mushtaq1
... of fungicides and plant extracts against leaf spot disease of spinach caused by Alternaria alternata five plant extracts and five fungicides were evaluated under in vitro and field conditions by using complete randomized design (CRD) and randomized complete block design (RCBD). In plant extracts moringa (Moringa oleifera) showed minimum fungal growth (20.790) mm followed by ginger (Zingib...
Djoko Kisworo*, Martina Safitri, BRD Wulandani, Bulkaini, Syamsuhaidi
... of sour starfruit (SSF) extract on the shelf life of chicken eggs. A Completely randomized design (CRD) was used in a 3 x 3 factorial pattern with five replications. The Factors were the level of SSF (0%, 10%, and 20%) and storage time (2, 4, and 6 weeks). Data were analyzed according to the analysis of variance followed by the Least Significant Difference test (LSD). The parameters measured were the egg’s weight, air cavity, pH, and Haugh Unit of chick...
Ngoc Tan Nguyen1*, Pham Kim Ngan Nguyen1, Thao Huong Phan1, Tan Loi Le1, Thi Khanh Ly Nguyen1, Tuan Thanh Hoang2, Cong Thieu Pham3, Cong Dinh Nguyen3, Nguyen Khang Duong4
...dash; M: 5 samples) were extracted for total DNA and amplified about 760 bp mtDNA fragment, with 576 bp in the D-loop region, followed by sequencing to analyze genetic diverse indices and genetic distance to construct a phylogenetic tree. Results showed that the fragment of 760 bp was successfully amplified. Variations of nucleotide sequence in 576 bp fragment length from 31 individual buffaloes were analyzed and revealed the nucleotide composition as Adenine ...
Razaq Adekunle Animashahun1*, Gbenga Emmanuel Onibi2, Samuel Olanrewaju Aro2, Oghenerobor Benjamin Akpor3, Funmilayo Abimbola Okeniyi1, Olayinka Olubunmi Alabi1, Michael Babatunde Falana1, Ayoola John Shoyombo1, Samuel Oyewale Olawoye1
...rude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), ash, and lowest crude fiber (CF) in fermented cassava stumps were obtained at 192 hours of fermentation with the following values CP 7.45%, EE 9.81% and ash 7.01%. A similar trend was also observed for mineral enhancement and anti-nutrient degradation. Conclusively, this study showed that solid-state fermentation using Aspergillus niger (ATCC 16404) strain can effectively enhance the nutritive value of cassava stumps whic...
Entesar Z. Eliraqy1*, Basant M. Shafik2, Yasser S. Hussein1, Abdelwahab A. Alsenosy3, Emad A. Abd allah1, Mohamed F. Saad1
...n bovine. However, Plant extracts has lately appeared as a low-cost, it considers a natural source of chemicals for preserving, also enhancing activity of sperm during different period storage. Current paper gives an apprise on the usage of garlic (Allium sativum) extract as an alternative additive for sperm preservation in buffalo bulls at animal production research institute, Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt. The e...
Anara Ryskeldina, Indira Iskakova, Nurgul Sarina , Alexander Shevtsov , Laura Syzdykova, Alexander Shustov, Yerlan Ramankulov, Marat Kuibagarov*
...ith a protein present in extracts from cow placenta. The described results are useful for creating immunological reagents to detect pregnancy in cows, which is of great practical importance.
Keywords | Bovine pregnancy-associated glycoprotein 1, Fusion protein, Recombinant antigen, Monoclonal antibodies, Placental antigens.
...
Muhammad Younas1*, Khalid Hussain1, Abdul Ghaffar1, Muhammad Atiq2, Niaz Hussain1, Wasim Abbas3, Muhammad Azeem Khan4, Muhammad Nadeem1, Muhammad Irshad1, Nasir Ahmad Khan2 and Muhammad Zubair5
...ome fungicides and plant extracts was determined for disease suppression on a susceptible variety of onion. During both years of study, eight accessions (Phulkara, Texas Early, Cylon, Sunset, Red Gystal, Rubi F1, Red Flame, ON-14133) exhibited resistant response with minimum percent disease index (PDI) which ranged between 5-10%, followed by Mirpurkhas, Nasarpuri, HON-1069, Pania, Rubi F2, GSL-132, Red Moon, PK-1032, F-1122, Red Imposta, Early Red, Desi Large ...
Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi
...nd organic solvent crude extracts (40, 60, 80g/kg soil) in M. incognita infested lettuce and carrot plants as treatments. Results showed that lettuce and carrot plants grown in pots amended with the highest quantity of plant materials (800g) had commendatory vegetative growth all through the study weeks as against the plants treated with organic solvent extracts and the untreated control plants. Vegetative parameters differ ...
Al-Hassan M. Mostafa1*, Gehan Mohammed Sayed2
...rlic juice and coriander extract against experimental infection of Haemonchus contortus (H. contortus) in goat was evaluated. Goats were divided into 4 groups; the 1st one represented control negative (clinically normal). All animals of other groups were infected via stomach tube with 1750 of 3rd stage larvae of H. contortus (L3) and subsequently subdivided into positive infected untreated group (second group), positive infected and orally treated group with g...
Riaz Hussain1*, Adnan Ihsan2, Azaz Ali Shah2, Najeeb Ullah2, Hamza Iftikhar3 and Ranra Jalal4
...t-align: justify;">Plant extracts appear as promising biorational alternatives to hazardous synthetic insecticides. This research was carried in a farmer’s field in Malam Jaba (Swat, KPK) during 2019-2020 Rabi season to evaluate the efficiency of some selected botanical extracts against the key insect pests of green pea (Pisum sativum L.) and their effect on yield/cost benefit ratio. The randomized complete block desig...
Muhammad Ikram Ullah
...ollected for genomic DNA extraction. A genome-wide scan was carried out on four affected members to establish homozygosity linkage. The analysis for genotype assessment was carried out, and three homozygous regions were identified. Whole exome sequencing was carried out to identify the mutation in putative gene/s. The data was arranged, and MAN2B1 was selected for the DNA sequencing. Protein homology was analyzed by the pymol tool to predict the effect on the ...
Dhiya Altememy1, Mohammad Darvishi2*, Samira Shokri3, Saber Abbaszadeh4
...tube. The hydroalcoholic extracts of Origanum vulgare, Hypericum perforatum, and their active ingredients including carvacrol and hypericin, were prepared, and then TiO2N.Ps. were prepared from them using isopropoxide. The antibiotic methicillin and calcium alginate pad was also loaded as control of nanoparticles embedded in the calcium alginate pad and then the restorative effect on the wound was studied. On days 0, 3, 7, 14, and 21, hematoxylin-eosin slides ...
Othman E. Othman1*, Lingjiang Min2, Amira M. Nowier3
...The whole genome DNA was extracted from ovaries of Zaraibi goats belonging to two different fertility groups: high (HFG) and low (LFG) fertility groups. The extracted DNA was subjected to WGS after treatment with bisulfite. The findings declared that a small difference in the DNA methylation levels is present among high and low fertility groups. The methylated C frequencies in contexts: CG, CHG and CHH were 89.89%, 2.39%, 7....
Ghulam Qadar* and Khalid Nawab
...and five components were extracted. In these components “job management” explained 19.48% variance; four variables of teaching methodological competency were loaded on “job management” component which means that agriculture school teachers possessed high level of competency in job management. Likewise, Technical skill explained 18.05% variance has the second position in possessed competencies and job evaluation explained 11.44% variance...
Muhammad Usman1*, Aneela Zameer Durrani1, Nasir Mehmood2, Muhammad Hassan Saleem1 and Mamoona Chaudhry3
...ies were identified. DNA extraction was followed by detection of 16S rRNA signature gene using B. burgdorferi s.l. specific primers through conventional PCR. We found that 4.3% dogs and 8.9% tick pools were positive for B. burgdorferi s.l. Rhipicephalus sanguineus (86.5%) was the most abundant tick species. 57.1% I. gibbosus and 8.4% R. sanguineus pools tested positive for B. burgdorferi s.l. Phylogenetically, our sequences clustered with B. burgdorferi sensu ...
Abdul Latif1, Shahid Sattar1, Fazal Maula2, Imtiaz Khan4*, Asim Iqbal3 and Said Hussain Shah1*
...llowed by A. indica seed extract (81.00) and P. hydropiper (78.80) when tested under laboratory conditions. Based on the current results, it is concluded that lamda-cyhalothrin and A. indica caused high mortality under lab and field conditions, which can be included in future IPM programs....
Maham Tariq, Aqsa Akhtar and Nauman Khalid*
...rtified with fennel seed extract and carrot juice. The candies can be used to improve the nutritive quality of confectionary products that could be healthy options for all age groups, particularly children. Fennel seed extract having the highest flavonoids and antioxidant capacity was selected to blend with carrot juice for hard candy formulation. Five different concentrations of fennel extract
Fawziah M. Albarakaty*
...runus domestica L.) peel extracts on certain crucial аnimal microbes. Methodology: The antibacterial activity of plum (Prunus domestica L.) peel extracts in hоt and cold aqueous and ethanol extracts against specific medically significant pathogens isolated from cows and poultry farms were assessed. Additionally, the phytochemical composition of the aqueous and ethanol peel
Ashira Manzoor1, Imran Ahmad Khan1,2*, Muqadas Sadiq3, Muhammad Omer Iqbal4 and Shaukat Hussain Munawar5
...l of hydroalcoholic leaf extract of Citrullus colocynthis against doxorubicin-induced myocardial ischemia in rats. Animals were divided into 5-groups each group consisting eight rats. Group-1 was given saline for 2 weeks and on 11th day DOX 18mg/kg was given intraperitoneally. Group-2, Group-3, Group-4 rats pre-treated orally with the leaf extract of C. colocynthis 250mg/kg, 500mg/kg, 750mg/kg respectively for 14 successive ...
Siriporn Namted, Kanokporn Poungpong, Wiriya Loongyai, Choawit Rakangthong, Chaiyapoom Bunchasak*
...different types of yeast extract (YE), their fractions, and the dosage as feed additive on the growth performance, immune function, and gut morphology of pigs. Inconsistent results have been reported for the various yeast products utilized in the animal feed industry, with differing types of YE processing (autolysis or hydrolysis) and differing doses/responses. In a feed additive, the components of the cell wall (β-glucan and mannan-oligosaccharides) and ...
Lobna M.A. Salem, Nashwa O. Khalifa, Marwa O. Abd El-Halim*
...ons}. DNA from 10 flukes extracted, amplified, and analyzed to identify species using the ITS2 locus. Ten flukes were identified as F. gigantica and F. hepatica. PCR products from 2 flukes were sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. The sequence of ITS2 gene isolates obtained from the present investigation were compared with GenBank reference sequences of F. hepatica, F. gigantica. The phylogeny based on ITS2 revealed two distinct clades separating F. hepatica f...
Hanaa H.A. Gomaa1*, Dalia Y.Z. Amin1, Mona A. Ismail1 and Khalid A. El-Dougdoug2
...detected by DAS-ELISA in extracts from inoculated host leaves. The virus was transmitted by grafting on fig plants and sap inoculation on a very restricted host range of herbaceous plants where showing latent symptom. The virus with flexible rod particle ca. 650 nm long denoted FLV in fig trees in Egypt orchards. The viral Coat protein gene structure resembles that of members of the genus Trichovirusin the family Flexiviridae. In this study, the virus isolated...
Ayesha Saeed1*, Farzana Kishwar2, Ahsan Nazir3, Sharjeel Abid4, Muhammad Abiodullah5, and Danial Ali6
...er mask loaded with leaf extracts of MA and HRS as antibacterial agents in SA/PVA nanofibers through electrospinning method, which was just wet before its application. Leaf extracts were used at three concentration levels (0.5, 1, and 1.5 %). Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images confirmed the formation of optimized nanofibers with diameter range from ±49 to ±545 nm. It was observed that addition of leaf
Shahid Iqbal, Muhammad Aslam Khan, Muhammad Atiq*, Nasir Ahmed Rajput, Muhammad Usman, Ahmad Nawaz, Ghalib Ayaz Kachelo, Azeem Akram and Hadeed Ahmad
...biocontrol, use of Phyto-extracts and nanotechnological approaches have been introduced to combat this disease. The synthetic fungicides are used to curb the disease incidence. Pathogen have developed resistance against various chemicals that are generally utilized to overcome this disease. Because of its antifungal potential against mango anthracnose, among these strategies, nanotechnology is a rapidly evolving discipline that is gaining the attention of rese...
Jeki Mediantari Wahyu Wibawanti1,3, Sri Mulyani2*, Rudy Hartanto1, Ahmad Ni’matullah Al-Baarri2, Yoyok Budi Pramono2, Anang Mohamad Legowo2
...f synbiotics inulin from extracted mangrove apple and Lactobacillus plantarum. Yogurts with no synbiotic were used as a control, while yogurts with synbiotics of 2, 4, 6, and 8% (v/v) were used in another treatment.The results of goat milk yogurt showed that the addition of various levels of synbiotic had a significant effect (p<0.05) on the total LAB, pH value, viscosity, total dissolved solid, and total soluble dietary fibre of yogurt. The yogurt with the...
Hira Jabbin1, Muhammad Arshad1*, Naunain Mehmood1, Wardah Hassan1, Syed Zakir Hussain Shah2 and Farzana Siddique3
... holding capacity, water extractable proteins, salt extractable proteins, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and sensory quality of mori fillets. The results indicated that chitosan coatings were effective in controlling pH, water loss, TBARS production, retention of water extractable proteins and salt extractable proteins in fish fillets. T...
Widiastuti Ardiansyah1,3, Osfar Sjofjan2*, Eko Widodo2, Suyadi Suyadi2, Danung Nur Adli2
...ch experimental unit. An extraction and maceration were employed during the early screening of the bioactive compound of turmeric. The treatments consisted of T0 = basal diet, T1 = basal diet + 0.2% turmeric, T2 = basal diet + 0.8% turmeric, T3 = basal diet + 0.2% turmeric + 0.1% probiotics, T4 = basal diet + turmeric 0.8% + 0.6% probiotics, and T5 = basal feed + bacitracin 0.01%. The data were analysed using Proc Means for multiple variates and one-way analys...
Shahid Iqbal1,2, Zulha Javed1, Mushtaq Hussain Zahid3, Qurat ul Ane Gillani4 and Furhan Iqbal1,*
...ves effects of ethanolic extracts of leaves of Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre and Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh on hematological parameters and biochemical components of blood serum of male albino mice. The extracts were administrated orally (100 mg/ ml solvent/ Kg body weight) for 15 days and it was observed that the complete blood count (CBC) remained unaffected while cholesterol (P = 0.03) and triglyceride (P = 0.008) leve...
Istna Mangisah1*, Heni Rizqiati2, Nyoman Suthama1
...s casei and dahlia tuber extract (LDTE) mixture on intestinal microbial, digestive and immune organs weights, nutrient digestibility, and productive performance of broiler starter. Day-old broiler chickens with an average body weight of 45.61 ± 3.46 g, a total of 160 birds, were placed evenly in 20 experimental plots. The treatment tested was the LDTE level in 100 grams of feed, LDTE0 = without LDTE, LDTE1 = 1 mL, LDTE2 = 2 mL, and LDTE3 = 3 mL. The tr...
Mehwish Saleem1* and Amina Atiq2
...inexpensive garlic clove extract were created, and their all-around antibacterial effectiveness was assessed. To create garlic clove extract-based silver nanoparticles, 100 ml of distilled water was combined with 0.01g, 0.025g, and 0.05g extracts of both aqueous and ethanol to create 0.01%, 0.025%, and 0.05% extract solutions, respectively. All of these ...
Fahrauk Faramayuda*, Soraya Riyanti and Sitty Mahanadhiandinie
...grown in Indonesia using extraction methods other than brewing, i.e., maceration. Study of free radical scavenging activity of 1,1- Diphenyl-2- Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and the determination of the total polyphenol content of white tea leaves have been conducted using UV-Visible spectrophotometry. Results of the study revealed that the antioxidant activities of the ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, the water fraction and the ...
Ibrahim El-Ratel1*, Mostafa El-Moghazy2, Amira El-Gaml2, Ibrahim Abu El-Naser2
...cy of propolis ethanolic extract (PEE) oral administration on antioxidant capacity, reproductive hormones, immunity response, and quality and fertility of fresh and cryopreserved rabbit buck semen under HS conditions. A total of 40 APRI line rabbit bucks (7months old and 3.00±0.20 kg live body weight) were divided into four treatments (10/treatment). The 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th treatments were orally administrated with 2 ml distilled water with 0,100, 20...
Rezqita Putri Pitaloka1, Kartiawati Alipin1, Mas Rizky A.A Syamsunarno2, Gemilang Lara Utama3, Ramdan Panigoro2, Ratu Safitri1*
...t of sappan wood ethanol extract (SWEE) as an adjuvant and substitute for iron chelator. The adjuvant test group was given 60 mg/kg BW iron dextran (ID), 75 mg/kg BW deferiprone (DFP), and 50 to 200 mg/kg BW SWEE, while the substitute group was administered with 60 mg/kg BW ID and DFP:SWEE with a gradient ratio. The ID was given orally for the first 14 days at intervals of 3 days, while DFP and SWEE were administered orally every day for 28 days. The parameter...
Antonius1,3, Anuraga Jayanegara2*, Komang Gede Wiryawan2, Simon Petrus Ginting3, Anjas Asmara Samsudin4, Elizabeth Wina5
...ir (Uncaria gambir) leaf extract as a natural antioxidant source on goat performance and meat quality. A total of 18 Boerka goats (body weight of 21±2 kg) were divided randomly into three dietary treatments (six replicates each), specifically: T0 (basal diet without gambir supplementation), T1 (basal diet + 2 g/kg DM gambir extract), and T2 (basal diet + 4 g/kg DM gambir extract). R...
Nosheen Jehajo*, Nasreen Memon, Mansoor Ali Shah and Naheed Shah
...gly recommended that oil extracts from seeds of neem and castor plants can be used to manage the stored grain pest up to the tolerable limits in integrated pest management. Moreover, the present study suggests further work on the efficacy of some other local plant extractions as an alternative to chemical pesticides....
Noor-us-Sabah1*, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Tayyab Boota1, Muhammad Luqman2, Ghulam Sarwar1, Amir Aziz1 and Ameer Hamza1
... contents, available and extractable concentration of P (ppm) and K (ppm) in soil also increased. Although, all the organic sources had shown positive results but press mud application performed best regarding availability of K and poultry manure performed best in terms of P availability....
Shama Sadaf1*, Komal Hassan1, Ayesha Saeed1 and Zeeshan Ahmad2
...antimicrobial finish was extracted from leaves of Azadirachata indica, Butea monosperma and Litchi chinensis plants and applied on 100% cotton. Before and after applying antimicrobial finish mechanical property was checked. The antimicrobial finish was applied by pad dry cure method and finish was fixed by using of poly urethane binder. The presence of microorganisms was checked by ASTEM E2149 shake flask method before and after applying antimicrobial finish a...
Muhammad Khalid Bhatti, Khalil Ahmed*, Ghulam Shabir, Muhammad Irfan, Muhammad Ashfaq Anjum, Muhammad Sarfraz, Amar Iqbal Saqib, Abdul Wakeel, Hafeezullah Rafa, Nadeem Iqbal, Muhammad Qaisar Nawaz, Ghulam Qadir, Muhammad Rizwan and Muhammad Faisal Nawaz
...cal conductivity of soil extract (ECe) 6 dS m-1 and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) 25. Data about plant height, shoot fresh/dry weight, root fresh/dry weight, panicle length, No. grain/ panicle, No. of tillers/plant, grain yield and 1000 grain weight were recorded at maturity while Na and K contents were determined in leaves. Overall results revealed that SRI-23 and SRI-28 showed better performance than all other genotypes and produced comparatively better plan...
Hafiz Husnain Nawaz1*, Ayesha Ahsan2, Amir Afzal1, Muhammad Ashraf Sumrah1, Muhammad Jan1, Kashif Ali1, Muhammad Arsalan1 and Rizwan Latif3
...ants abound in C. sativa extract, thanks to its high phenolic content. It’s a high-polyunsaturated acid crop that’s strong in antioxidants. Extraction from C. sativa seeds yielded a 33% yield of C. sativa oil, which was then analyzed for TPC and antioxidants in comparison to commercially available C. sativa oil. The Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and the α, α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test were u...
M. Mansoor Javed*, M. Aslam Mirza, M. Aziz ur Rehman and M. Saif ur Rahman
...r digestibility of ether extract (P>0.05). Nitrogen retention was higher (P<0.05) in the birds fed on diets having FFSB processed at 90°C for 45 min. Pancreatic hypertrophy was observed histologically in birds having feed formulations with FFSB processed at lowest temperature for shortest time duration. It was inferred that toasting FFSB at various temperatures could affect growth performance and digestibility parameters in broiler chickens....
Hashem Saeed Murad1*, Salah Jassem Amin2, Rawa’a Muhammad Al-Chalabi3, Mahmood Khalaf Wasmi4 and Sundus Salim5
...sing the SPSS program to extract arithmetic averages and percentages, the simple correlation coefficient and rank correlation of Spearman. The results showed that the degree knowledge of agricultural extension workers in the Domain of climate change in general is moderate to high while high in the causes of climate change phenomenon. It was followed by the Domain of how to face the negative effects resulting from climate change, and finally the Domain of negat...
Maha Mostafa1, Sohail Soliman1, Reham I. Mohamed2 and Wael M. El-Sayed1*
...ounds, and natural plant extracts. The aim of this approach is to lower the population size of pests by reducing the natality rather than by increasing mortality. Male (20) and female (40) albino mice were orally administered testosterone at 25 mg/kg for 35 days. The males were allowed to mate with females to estimate the fertility index. After the end of treatment, mice were sacrificed, blood was collected for biochemical analysis, and sex organs were dissect...
Farah Abid1,2, Mohammad Saleem1,3*, Tahir Maqbool4, Tania Ahmed Shakoori5, Faheem Hadi4, Tahir Muhammad4, Saira Aftab4, Yasir Hassan7 and Shabana Akhtar4,6*
...e role of Acacia modesta extract whole plant extract (E-AM) in process of inflammation and also in arthritis by using animal model of rat. Thirty-six healthy wister rats were chosen for in vivo experiments and divided into six groups. Arthritis was induced in rats using Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA) and treated with different concentrations of E-AM (250, 500 or 750 mg/kg), and with standard treatment, piroxicam (10 ...
Saima Rubab1,3*, Ghazala H Rizwani2, Arjumand Iqbal Durrani3, Iram Liaqat4*, Urooj Zafar5, Mahjabeen6, Farah Batool7, Noor-E- Seher3, Naveera Younas3 and Ayesha Sadiqa8
... justify;">Crude solvent extracts of traditional medicinal plants have been used for thousands of years in different region of the globe for the treatment of various diseases. In developing countries, traditional medicines are used as source of primary health care. Keeping in view the importance of Camellia sinensis L., present investigation was aimed to evaluate the phytochemical and pharmacological potential of different morphological parts of C. sinensis L....
Alia Tajdar1,3, Shaghef Ejaz2, Muhammad Shah Zaib1, Anum Ishfaq1, Syed Muhammad Zaka1*, Hafiz Muhammad Safeer1 and Khalid Abbas1
...t of different botanical extracts on the olfactory response of B. zonata and on the post-harvest quality parameters of banana was evaluated. Extracts of Moringa olifera, Mentha pipertia, Zingiber officinale, and Cinnamomum spp. were prepared in methanol, ethanol, and distilled water. The olfactory response of B. zonata was studied in Y-tube olfactometer and effect on the quality parameters (colour, taste, weight loss, pH, an...
Amal G. Abdelrahman1, Nabil A. Yassien1, Hussein M.H. Mohamed1, Khaled S. Tolba2, Heba H.S. Abdel-Naeem1*
...with 5 % and 7 % of kiwi extract, the 3rd and 4th groups were treated with 5 % and 7 % of pineapple extract, meanwhile, the 5th group was treated with a mixture of those extracts (5% kiwi + 5 % pineapple) in addition to the control group. All groups were kept in frozen storage at ‒18 °C for 3 months and subjected to proximate chemical analysis, measurement of deterioration criteria, ...
Ibrahim Samir Abd El-Hamid1, Alaa Emara Rabee2, Moustafa Mohamed M. A. Ghandour2, Rasha Salah Mohammed3, Ahmed Mohamed. Sallam4
...ercial Quebracho tannins extract (QT). The findings showed that the PHM and QT groups had higher (P≤0.05) mean values of sperm concentration, mass motility, sperm motility, sperm viability, and cell membrane integrity. Plasma testosterone concentration and number of red blood cells were higher (P≤0.05) in both treated groups. However alanine aminotransferase, cholesterol, total antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase levels were reduced (P≤0.0...
Salma Bessalah1, Samira Jebahi2, Asim Faraz3*, Amel Raoufi2, Cem Tırınk4, Walid Dridi2, Mahmoud Daouad2, Hassib Keskes5, Touhami Khorchani1, Khaled Farah2, Abdul Waheed3 and Mohamed Hammadi1
...Herein Gelatin was newly extracted from camel (Camelus dromedarius) skin and irradiated with gamma rays from 60Co source. Gelatin was optimized and characterization and functional properties were determined. The structural changes occurring after γ-irradiation at doses from 5 to 30 kGy were reported by physico-chemical techniques such as electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) for ...
Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi1*, Mariam Temitope Baker2 and Gabriel Ademola Olatunji2
...Apocynaceae) leaves were extracted cold in ethyl acetate. This yielded crude extract that was subjected to column chromatography (silica gel 100-120 mesh grade), which afforded fractions that were analysed with GCMS and FTIR for constituent identification. The result shows octanoic acid; hexanoic acid methyl ester; ethyl octanoate; 9, 12-octadecadienoic acid methyl ester; dodecanoic acid; octadecanoic acid methyl ester; deca...
R. Hadadfar1, E. Mahdikhani-Moghadam2†, S. Baghaee2 and M. S. Bajestani1
...atory and nematodes were extracted by centrifugal methods. Psilenchus species were identified on morphological and morphometrical characters based on recent valid keys. Seven species from Psilenchus genus were identified viz., Psilenchus curcumerus, P. aestuarius, P. iranicus, P. hilarus, P. bilineatus, P. pratensis and P. bahiablancae of which P. bilineatus, P. pratensis and P. bahiablancae are new reports of these species for Iranian nematode fauna....
M. Israr1†, M. Habib1 and K. Nasira2
...parasitic nematodes were extracted from soil samples by Cobb’s sieving and decanting method (Cobb, 1918) followed by modified Baermann technique (Baermann, 1917). After processing, the nematode genera and species were identified (Siddiqi, 2000). Tylenchorhynchus usmanensis is reported from the first time from Pakistan is briefly redescribed and illustrated....
Urooj Shakoor* and Syed Attaullah Shah
...f 3035 rural households, extracted from Pakistan Social and Living Standard Measurement survey (2018-19), was grouped into three geo-climate zones (Northern, Central and Southern zones). Results from data analysis revealed that 46.6 percent of the sampled rural households were multidimensional poor and the derived Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI), at 0.30 cutoff level, was 0.254 for the overall rural Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The decomposition of the household&r...
A. M. Rahoo1, 2, †, T. Mukhtar3, B. A. Bughio4, S. R. Gowen1 and R. K. Rahoo5
.... affine and
extraction methods was investigated on the production of IJ in Galleria mellonella. There was significantly greater
emergence of IJ of S. affine from the Galleria mellonella using White traps than with modified Baermann extraction
trays. In Baermann extraction trays, the maximum emergence of IJ of S. affine was o...
M. S. Bajestani1, K. Dolatabadi2†, E. Mahdikhani-Moghadam1
...ffect of medicinal plant extracts viz., marigold (Tagetes spp.), rosemary (Rosmarinus
officinalis L.) and nigella (Nigella sativa L.) on root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica @ 1500, 2500 and 5000
juveniles were studied on susceptible tomato cv. Karoon under greenhouse condition. Although all the treatments
reduced root infections rate and significantly effect on root weight (P ≤ 0.05). It was observed that when the
A.M. El-Baha1, A. A. El-Sherbiny2†, M. Z. M. Salem1, N. Shaarawy3 and N. H. Mohamed3
...ssential oils (EOs) were extracted from Corymbia citriodora and Eucalyptus camaldulensis fresh leaves and tested
for their nematicidal activity at four different concentrations viz., 125, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/l against root-knot
nematode, Meloidogyne incognita under laboratory conditions. All concentrations significantly inhibited egg
hatching (31.24–66.35%) and mortality of second stage juvenile. Inhibition of egg hat...
S. Feroza1, A. G. Arijo1† and I. R. Zahid2
...he efficacy of ethanolic extract of papaya (Carica papaya) and neem (Azadirachta indica) plant seeds on Ascaridia galli infectivity in broiler chicken. A total of eighteen broiler birds were randomly selected that were divided into three groups (A, B and C) with 6 birds in each group. The birds were then artificially infected with Ascaridia galli @ 2000 eggs/bird. Ethanolic extracts of papaya and neem were applied ...
Nadia A Eltablawy1, Ibrahim El Tantawy El Sayed2, Hamed Mohamed Abdel Barry2, Marwa A. Ibrahim3*, Maha Nageib Ahmed Serag ElDein2
...minalia Muelleri ethanol extract (TME) against doxorubicin-induced cardiac toxicity. Methods: Total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), DPPH. radical scavenging, FRAP and FRAC were determined in the TME extract. Forty-eight adult male Wistar rats were divided equally into six groups: control non-treated, Doxorubicin (DOX) challenge (rats were injected with 2.5 mg/kg of DOX in six injections over 2 weeks), ...
A. M. Khan1,†, S. Naz1 and M. Abid2
...its powder and different extracts
including n-hexane, DMSO and water extract against naturally occurring soil nematode namely Meloidogyne
javanica anti fungal activity against Fusarium moniliforme and Rhizoctonia solani and fertilizing potential on okra
Abelmoschus esculentus. It was observed that the soil sample which was mixed with algal powder supported the
growth of the okr...
K. Taimoor1† and F. Shahina2
...>
exhibited by the extract of Zatoria multiflora, Achillea santolina and Nepeta cateria against dose of 3.0g/liter
followed by Teucrium stocksianum and Ferula oopoda with mortality of 90 % and 89%, respectively at the same
dose of 3.0g/liter. Further, in pot experiments all tested plants showed significant effect on management parameters
of M. incognita; however, minimum juvenile population were recorded from
A.A. Tanimola and B. Fawole1
...idal activity of acetone extract (AE) and water extract (WE) of leaves and roots of Aloe schweinfurthii
(ASF), Aloe succrotina (AST), Aloe vera (AVR), Aloe chinensis (ACS), Aloe arborescens (AAR), Aloe keayi
(AKY), Aloe macrocarpa (AMC) and Aloe schweinfurthii x Aloe vera (ASV) on egg-hatching and mortality of
second-stage juveniles (J2) of Meloidogyne incognita was investigated in vitro. ...
C. Azhagumurugan† and M.K. Rajan
...luate the effect of leaf extract of magilam, Mimusops elengi on the root-knot
nematode, Meloidogyne incognita infecting the black gram, Vigna mungo with different inoculums levels (5, 10, 15,
20 and 25 egg-masses/plant) with different concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 ppm). The control and treated plants
were analyzed for various growth characteristics such as, root and shoot length, fresh and dry weight of root and
...
R.R. Arain, R.N. Syed, A.Q. Rajput, M.A. Khanzada1, N.A. Rajput and A.M. Lodhi1†
...t concentrations of neem extract, furadan and Trichoderma harzianum
were evaluated to control the M. incognita. All concentrations proved effective in reducing the disease
development in nematode inoculated tomato plants. However, high dose of furadan became phytotoxic and plant
growth was checked together with a number of galls. While, higher doses of neem extract and T. harzianum
...
C. Azhagumurugan and M.K. Rajan
...luate the effect of leaf extract of Mimusops elengi on the root-knot nematode
Meloidogyne incognita infecting the black gram Vigna mungo with different inoculum levels of egg-masses (5, 10,
15, 20 and 25). Plants treated with the leaf extract of M. elengi at different concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25
ppm). The control and experimental plants were analyzed for various biochemical consti...
S.A. Khan†, M. Abid and F. Hussain1
...ly in water and methanol extract @ 10% concentration after 72 hours exposure time.
Similarities between Ward’s cluster analysis of hatching egg and larval mortality in water and methanol extract of
different seaweeds showed significant difference. Methanol extract was more effective as compared to water extract.
...
I. Umar† and A. Mamman*
... albida fruit powder and extract on root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica in the
laboratory and screen house was investigated. Nematodes egg suspension at 100 eggs/5ml syringe introduced into
each Petri dish containing both crude and diluted extracts of fruit powder (5, 10, 15 and 20 ml) except the control,
which received only distilled water. Petri dishes were treated to the same concen...
O. A. Fabiyi
...iveri were air dried and extracted with n-hexane, there after acetone. The concentrated extracts were
subjected to chromatography on a silica gel packed column. The nematicidal activity of the fractions were
evaluated in the laboratory using a 4x4x3 factorial experiment, while the crude extracts were tested on
Meloidogyne incognita infecting Abelmoschus ...
T.S. Rizvi and F. Shahina†
... pulp, fruit and creeper extracts were evaluated against rootknot
nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) at 28 ± 2 C in laboratory. Gas chromatograph interfaced to a Mass
spectrometer (GC-MS) results indicated that C. colocynthis contains various bioactive compounds. The mentholic
extracts of seed had the highest mortality (100%) at highest exposure time (72 hrs) while, the pulp and fruit
A. Khan†, Saifullah, M. Iqbal* and S. Hussain
...ned in this study. Crude extract from Pleurotus spp., were tested against Pratylenchus,
Xiphinema, Tylenchorhynchus, Tylenchus, Helicotylenchus, Ditylenchus, Psilenchus, Aphelenchus, Hoplolaimus,
Longidorus, Aphelenchoides and Paralongidorus spp. Extracts from the fruiting bodies, mushroom waste and broth
culture of Pleurotus species at four different concentrations and three time interval...
W.M.A. El-Nagdi†, M.M.A. Youssef and M.G. Dawood*
...m melongena with aqueous extracts of garlic Allium sativum mashed clove and oil. The plant materials were
diluted with distilled water at concentrations of 2.5, 1.25 and 0.625% and drenched in each plot. Results showed that
the plant extracts showed nematicidal and nematode-hatching inhibitory activity reduced nematode criteria including
number of galls, egg-masses and hatched juveniles on...
Jax Vincent Gamulo, Maye Pearl Bolina, Jessica Serena Brion, Via Crishiela Nicole Dela Rosa, Roxanne Francesca Maglaya, Carl Lexter Tan, Aimee Caye Chang*
...e between tropical plant extracts and commercially available drugs posed a significant difference (P < 0.05), while ten (10) among the plant species differed in fasciolocidal activity (P < 0.05). Albendazole (62.5%) was the most used reference drug, along with Piperazine Citrate, and Triclabendazole, wherein ANOVA showed no significant difference in mortality time among them (P > 0.05). Notably, plant parts and extract<...
Rukhsana Anwar1*, Ammara Abd-Us-Sattar1, Afifa Noor2, Kanwal Ashiq1,3 and Shah Jahan4
...dy, 200 mg/kg BW of both extracts were orally administered once daily for 19 days to different groups of rats. CYP modulators were administered to respective groups for last 5 consecutive days. Real-time PCR analysis of hepatic CYP450 subtypes, CYP1A2, CYP2C9, and CYP3A4 was carried out. Moreover, phase II drug-metabolizing enzymes; GST-specific activity, total glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and malondialdehyde were determined in liver homogenate...
Nuzhat Munawar1, Abrar Hussain1, Imran Sajid2, Zahra Noreen1, Muhammad Aslam3*, Zeeshan Rehman1 and Aamir Ali3,4
...ed, dried, powdered, and extracted by using ethyl acetate, chloroform, and acetone as solvents. Qualitative phytochemical analysis showed the presence of active compounds. The antibacterial potential of various plant extracts was evaluated using well diffusion and disc diffusion assay against various disease-causing microorganisms. In the case of well diffusion assay, the plant exhibited a maximum 16mm inhibition zone agains...
Owolabi Olutunmise Victoria1*, Saka Olusola Stephen2, Olashinde Oluwaseun Ruth1, Alli Smith Yemisi Rufina3
...acuminata leaves aqueous extract. Diabetes was induced using alloxan monohydrate.5 ml of normal saline was given to group I , group 2 received 5 mg/kg/ body weight of the standard drug glibenclamide, group 3 was given 140 mg/kg of alloxan while groups Young C. acuminata leaves aqueous extract was administered orally in graded doses to the diabetic animals (50mg/kg, 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg bodyweight) and glibenclamid...
Bashir Ahmad1*, Ali Muhammad Yousafzai2, Waqar Ali1, Ikram Ilahi1, Farman Ullah3, Saeed Ahmad1, Ayaz Ali Khan1, Umair Ahmad2 and Hafsa Maria2
...ffects of garlic aqueous extract on the levels of hematobiochemical parameters and several liver related serum parameters in paracetamol-intoxicated rabbits. Moreover, the amount of (DPPH) free radicals that garlic aqueous extract scavenged at various doses was used to determine its antioxidant capacity. There were five groups each of which contains eight rabbits as experimental animals. These groups were, group A (control a...
Shaker Al-Suwaiegh
...ude fiber (13.6%), ether extract (1.17%) and ash (3.89%). Upon feeding, replacement diet with 20.0% Azolla pinnata caused significant increase in feed efficiency and body weight gain. In addition, the plasma metabolites (total protein, globulin, and urea) and minerals (calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and potassium) were improved due to 20.0% Azolla pinnata feeding. In conclusion, Azolla pinnata contain high protein compounds and other components might be helpfu...
Aamir Mushtaq1*, Fatima Habib2, Umar Farooq Gohar3, Abdul Malik4 and Mobasher Ahmad2
...dered and its methanolic extract (with 19 % yield) was prepared by cold extraction technique. Acute toxicity studies were performed in female albino mice by administration of single oral doses (4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 g/Kg/po) respectively, to individual groups (n=5) and after that the behavioral changes were observed. To find the chronic toxicity, the animals were divided in three groups (n=6) which were orally administered with n...
Raad Hamad Mahmood Al-Badrany1* and Aamer Mohsen Mahmood Al-Ma’thidy2
...orbance of the alcoholic extract of leaf chlorophyll and the extract of pigments of the studied cultivars were examined by a U.V. spectrophotometer which divided the cultivars into groups depending on the values of λmax, which represents the highest absorption; cultivars were separated into three groups regarding the alcoholic extract of leaf chlorophyll: The first included th...
Seyedmohammad Karimi1, Mohammad Darvishi2*, Mohammad Barati3, Ramin Hamidi Frahani4, Mohammad Hassan Kazemi5
...aphic and lab datas were extracted. Mann-Whitney test, Chi-square test and independent t-test were used for analysis of data. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. No significant difference was seen between case and control groups regarding age, gender, BMI and severity of the disease at the time of hospital admission (P > 0.05), which shows a random classification of two groups. The mean AST, ALT, ALP and CBC of patients in case group decre...
Fatma Salih Mohammed1*, Nasser Khedr1, Tahia Ahmed1, Liza S. Mohammed2
...ular approach is solvent-extracted soybean meal (SE-SBM). However, extruded-expelled soybean meal (EE-SBM) is mainly utilized in organic poultry feed. This study aimed to investigate the effect of adding EE-SBM to broiler chicken Ross® 308 feed formulations on carcass traits and histomorphological changes in the intestine. A total of 198 one-day-old Ross® 308 chickens were randomly distributed into three groups with different dietary treatments (66 bir...
Ayaz Ahmed1*, Muhammad Zulfiqar1 and Saadutullah Khan2
...nagement and sustainable extraction of NTFPs in study areas and also provide tools and trainings to local collectors....
Mutia Rizkia Shaffira, Nurhayati, Dwi Desmiyeni Putri*
...red ginger and brotowali extract both single or in combined application in drinking water on the productivity and carcass quality in broiler. One hundred unsexed broilers were reared for 28 days. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications, each replication consist of 5 broilers placed randomly in each treatment. The treatment were P0 = giving drinking water without adding red ginger and brotowali
B. Archana and R. Saxena
...he present study aqueous extract of medicinal plants viz., Amaranthus spinosus,Chenopodium album, Catharanthus roseus, Solanum nigrum and Ocimum sanctum were investigated for their nematicidal activity against second stage juvenile of Meloidogyne incognita by in vitro technique. Aqueous extract of all plant roots exhibited nematicidal activity. LC50 values calculated as 1024 ppm for C. roseus, 1867 ppm for S. nigrum, 1968 pp...
O. A. Fabiyi, G. A. Olatunji and O. Atolani
...ected to successive cold extraction using n-Hexane, Ethyl acetate and Ethanol. Thirty grams from the resulting crude extracts were further subjected to open column chromatography on silica gel (100-120 mesh grades) using glass column. The chromatographic fractions were tested in vitro along with their crudes and carbofuran on
Esam A Razin1, Hassan Sobhy2, Tarek R. AboElnaga1, Asmaa A. Darwish1*, Rasha S. Mohammed1
... Conclusion: Basil plant extract is an efficient anti-trypanosomal drug. CK, CK-MB, LDH, and GR are moderate biomarkers for disease diagnosis and its treatment monitoring.
Keywords | Anti-trypanosomal activity, Basil extract, Clinicopathological alterations, Histopathological alterations, Diminazene aceturate
...
Hafiz Abdullah Shakir1*, Iqra Javed1, Muhammad Irfan2*, Shaukat Ali3, Muhammad Khan1, Farah Rauf Shakoori1, Javed Iqbal Qazi1 and Muhammad Abrar Yousaf1
...nts, tap water as enzyme extraction medium with 2 mL volume, 45°C incubation temperature, pH 7, 300 µL inoculum size, 24 h incubation period in agitated condition with substrate particle size of 4mm during one factor at a time optimization. Concentrations of medium components (3.75% tannic acid, 0.75% K2HPO4 and 1.25% yeast extract) were optimized with central composite design of response surface methodology. Tanna...
Safriyanto Dako1, Nibras Karnain Laya1, Syukri I Gubali1, Ari Ardiantoro2, V.M Ani Nurgiartiningsih3, Gatot Ciptadi3, Desinta Wulandari3, Suyadi Suyadi3*
...i Kits were used for DNA extraction for an analysis fragment in the microsatellite DNA region using ILSTS017, HEL13, and BM1818 primers. A total of 74 alleles were identified across entire populations. The expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.407±0.216 (Bali) to 0.716±0.050 (Gorontalo), and the observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.471±0.084 (Bonebolango) to 0.778±0.222 (PO). F statistical analysis includes FIS 0.038, FIT 0.248, an...
Noor Rahmawati, Alfi Rumidatul* and Sopandi Sunarya
... for 9 days, followed by extraction using ethyl acetate solvent and testing of antioxidant and antibacterial activity. The DPPH radical was used to measure antioxidant activity, and Bacillus subtillis was used as a representative for Gram-positive and Gram-negative For testing of antimicrobials, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were used. The experiment showed that the addition of yeast and sengon wood to PDB medium increased the growth and producti...
Saleem Hussain1, Muhammad Tayyab1, Tauqir Anwar1, Talha Nazir2*, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed3, Zohaib Asad2,4, Muhammad Adnan3 and Tajwar Alam5
...ppm) of methanolic plant extracts under controlled laboratory conditions, while three different concentrations (25, 50 and 75 g/L) of each botanical extract was tested in the field trial. Results showed a significant mortality and suppression of S. graminum individuals at 72 h after treatment in the laboratory and at 10th day post-treatment in the field. In laboratory bioassay, maximum aphid mortality was caused by the
Ali I. Al-Ameedi1, Zahraa M. Ayad2*, Wed Abbas Mohammed3, Salim K. Hajwal4
...ve activity of the plant extract, the mitotic index and blast index are also assessed. The results showed that the exposed group (T1) had a significantly lower mitotic index (the number of cells in mitosis per 1000 bone marrow cells) than the control group (which only drank distilled water). These results showed a significant decrease (p>0.05) of the mitotic index of (the T1) group that received hydroxyurea orally compared with the control group that receiv...
JAVERIA NEHAL1, ARIF MUHAMMAD KHAN1, AZHAR ABBAS KHAN*2, MUHAMMAD MUBIN3, HAFIZ MUHAMMAD TAHIR4 & JAVED IQBAL5
...results as compared with extracted DNA from infected leaf.
Key Words: Xanthomonas axonopodis citri, Citrus canker, Molecular diagnostics
...
TAHIR MEHMOOD*, ANUM AFZAL, ABDUL KARIM, MUHAMMAD ASHRAF SHAHEEN &
HINA ARSHAD
...ty) of different solvent extracts, from Citrus limon (unripe and ripened) peels. In unripe peels the total flavonoid contents, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging activity and reducing power ranged from 18.23-57.56 mg/g CE (catechin equivalent), 21.69-65.82%, 38.96-84.83% and 0.01-1.8 mg /mL, respectively. For ripened lemon peels all these indicators ranged from 10.53-47.88 mg/g CE, 37.99-81.40%, 42.96-95.93% and 0.07-1.47 mg /mL respecti...
SYED ZULFIQAR ALI ABIDI, HAFIZ ABDULLAH SHAKIR, SYED SHAHID ALI, & JAVED IQBAL QAZI*
...he aqueous and alcoholic extract of fresh and dried parts of each plant were used for qualitative estimation of thirteen metabolites (alkaloids, carbohydrate, cardiac glycoside, flavonoid, phenol, phlobatannine, free amino acids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, quinine, oxalic acid and steroids). Twenty one plants showed the presence of phytochemicals. The use of piscicidal property of these plants may improve the production of aquaculture by getting rid of unw...
Nguyen Thi Kim Dong1*, Nguyen Van Thu2 , Nguyen Hoang Qui3
.... Daily intakes of ether extract (EE) and fiber fractions increased with increasing levels of SBP. The apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), ether extract (EE), and nitrogen-free extract (NFE), as well as nitrogen retention, decreased linearly with increasing SBP (P <0.05). The apparent total tract digestibility of the majority of individual amino a...
SAIMA AFTAB1, ATTIA HAMID1, MAHJBEEN2, JAVERIA TARIQ2, ZULQURNAIN ALI2, ASMA ZAFAR2*
...ch as sweat sorghum cane extract, lignocellulose, starch-based substrate and molasses, and other wastes. In this study low-quality apples were used for the production of ethanol that was further used for various purposes. From this work, it is clear that the maximum ethanol production is obtained from the apples. S. cerevisiae strain was used for the maximum conversion of sugar contents of apple extracts into ethanol....
SAIMA AFTAB1, ATTIA HAMID1, MAHJBEEN2, JAVERIA TARIQ2, ZULQURNAIN ALI2, ASMA ZAFAR2*
...ch as sweat sorghum cane extract, lignocellulose, starch-based substrate and molasses, and other wastes. In this study low-quality apples were used for the production of ethanol that was further used for various purposes. From this work, it is clear that the maximum ethanol production is obtained from the apples. S. cerevisiae strain was used for the maximum conversion of sugar contents of apple extracts into ethanol....
ANSA KHALID, UZMA HAMEED* AND IKRAM-UL-HAQ
...ium M6 comprising (yeast extract 15 g/L, sucrose 40 g/L, and Na2HPO4 20 g/L). The optimized temperature and initial pH were 30°C and 6.95, sequentially. The IIB-C9 isolat...
ANSA KHALID, UZMA HAMEED* AND IKRAM-UL-HAQ
...ium M6 comprising (yeast extract 15 g/L, sucrose 40 g/L, and Na2HPO4 20 g/L). The optimized temperature and initial pH were 30°C and 6.95, sequentially. The IIB-C9 isolat...
SYED ALI RAZA1, MUHAMMAD WASEEM MUMTAZ2*, AYOUB RASHID CH1, ABDUL WAHEED1, JAMES WILLIAM3 & MUHAMMAD ARSHAD1
...rent hydroethanolic leaf extracts of Conocarpus lancifolius. Freeze drying assisted ultra-sonication was adopted for extract preparation. The results showed that highest total antioxidant power of 291 ± 0.50 mg ASE/g DE was exhibited by 60% ethanolic extract which was slightly lower than antioxidant power of BHA (309.16 ± 3.90 mg ASE/g DE). The β-carotene bleachin...
Arief1, Roni Pazla2*, Rizqan1, Novirman Jamarun2
...fiber, and nitrogen-free extracts (NFE), and the correlations between fat intake and milk fat contents, crude fat intake, and milk fat content and between NFE intake and milk lactose contents. The results showed that the treatment had no significant effect on production, fat content, milk lactose, intake, and digestibility of fat, crude fiber, and NFE but there was a relationship between fat intake with milk fat contents, crude fat intake with milk fat content...
HIRA JAVAID*1, MALEEHA MANZOOR2, JAVED IQBAL QAZI3, XIONG XIAOCHAO4 & FOUZIA TABSSUM5
...s, LCW, Biodiesel, Yeast extract
...
Ubaida Hussain1,2*, Amtul Jamil Sami1*, Shazia Rafique3*, Muhammad Idrees khan3 and Ahmad Ali Shahid3
...achta indica (A. indica) extracts on expression of NS3 and NS5A nonstructural proteins of HCV 3a genotype. Owing to the fact that HCV patients can develop HCC, plant extract has also been tested for cytotoxic activity. Colorimetric analysis was done to determine the vitality of HepG 2 cells for 24 h after treatment with methanolic seed extract and minimum inhibitory concentration was calcu...
Usman Ali1,2*, Basharat Ahmad1, Riaz Aziz Minhas1, Muhammad Kabir3, Muhammad Siddique Awan1, Liaqat Ali Khan1 and Muhammad Bashir Khan1
...uding preventing illegal extraction of medicinal herbs and lumbering, lessen overgrazing pressure and support reforestation are required to be applied in these areas. These conservation measures will turn unsuitable habitats into suitable ones and also provide connecting corridors for black bear of Neelum particularly to the extended habitats of Gilgit Baltistan and Mansehra regions of Pakistan....
Tinda Afriani*, Jaswandi, Adisti Rastosari, Muhammad Cadilac Al Razzak, Dwiki Wahyudi
...addition of tomato juice extract into egg yolk citrate diluent exhibited a 20% increase in sperm motility percentage, 26.3% in sperm survival rate and 22.5% in intact plasma membrane percentage as compared to the control group (P < 0.01). However, the sperms abnormality data did not show any effect (P>0.05) of tomato juice addition. The addition of 20% tomato juice extract in egg yolk citrate diluent showed better resu...
Doungnapa Promket1,2,4*, Khanitta Pengmeesri2,4, Jennarong Kammongkun3, Thassawan Somchan2
...re investigated. DNA was extracted from blood samples for genotyping using specific primers and restriction enzymes for each gene, and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to identify the genotypes (PCR-RFLP). Three genotypes were found for each gene as BB, Bb and bb for NPY; TT, TC and CC for DRD2 and II, ID and DD for VIP. Genotype frequencies of NPY (range 0.13-0.58), DRD2 (range 0.06-0.55) and VIP (range 0.14-0.57) we...
Safaa Rhaimi1, Sara Brikat2, Mouloud Lamtai2*, Mohammed Ouhssine1
...ed in Salvia officinalis extract’ effects and not many explored the biological activities of Salvia officinalis essential oil, especially the ones related to the central nervous system. The Purpose of this study is to investigate the acute toxicity of salvia officinalis essential oil in female Wistar rats, and to explore the antidepressant-like and anxiolytic-like effects and memory enhancing of the safe dose of this essential oil. In this experiment, sa...
Hussein Jabar Jasim1*, Amer Murhum Al-Amery2
...er officinale methanolic extracts on eggs of Fasciola spp. to both positive (Albendazole) and negative (chlorine-free water) control groups in vitro. Microscopic examination of the treated Fasciola spp. eggs with ginger methanolic extract revealed that the various concentrations of Z. officinale methanolic extract used in our study were highly sensitive to it and that their activities diff...
Hasanain Jihad Neamah
... an aqueous prickly pear extract (PPE) in ram semen on sperm parameters during cooling storage. Three levels of PPE were added to the diluted ram semen (PPE1=5mg +Tris extender, PPE2=10 mg +Tris extender, and PPE3=30 mg +Tris extender), and compared with control group (Tris extender without addition of PPE). Motility of sperm, hypo osmotic swelling test (HOS-Test), and dead sperm percentage were assessed after 2 and 48 hour at preservation. The PPE2 group exhi...
Usama Saleem1, Muhammad Asrar1*, Dilbar Hussain2, Saddam Hussain1, Abdul Ghaffar2, Hassan Usman1, Muhammad Imran1, Mubshar Saleem3 and Maryam Hamid1
...fectiveness of botanical extracts and synthetic insecticides in combating wheat aphids. Data regarding the aphid population was recorded 24, 48, 72, and 168 hours after the application of plant extracts and insecticides. Maximum mortality recorded after 168 hours was, 85.06% and 79.29% by Neem and Eucalyptus leaf extract followed by 72 hours 72.29% and 71.69%, 48 hours 63.35% and 62.45% an...
A.S. Gamal El din1; Sohair I. El-Afifi2; A. S. Sadik 2; Nashwa M. A. Abd El-Mohsen1; and H. M. Abdelmaksoud1
...yia Governorate. RNA was extracted from virus-infected tissues of D. metel leaves by the use of degenerate primers through polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Large-scale amount of PVY (N-Egypt) coat protein produced by gene expression technique in E. coli through: (I) Insertion of CP gene isolated by RT-PCR into Pinpoint Xa-l Vector by ligation and propagation after transformation process in E. coli. (2) Isolation of plasmid DNA. then used restriction enzymes Ba...
E. K. Allam.1; B. A. Othman.1; Hayam S. Abdelkader2; and Noher A. Mahmoud2
...unds released during the extraction of RNA constitute a limiting factor for the detection of GFLV in infected vines. Both immunological and molecular detection methods provide tools assisting in the understanding of the epidemiology and diversity of nepoviruses as well as to facilitate resistance breeding, cultivar selection, and development of control strategies....
E. K. Allam1; Kh. A. El-Dougdoug1; M. A. Amer2; A. A. Abou-Zaid2; and S. M. Amin2
... The method involved the extraction of circular nucleic acids followed by electrophoretic analysis of the extracts on 5% polyacrylamide gel. A reverse transcription-polymerase Chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was used for the isolation and identification of PSTVd cDNA from infected plant materials using a specific primer to PSTVd. A major cDNA product of approximately 360 bp was successfully hybridized with digoxigenin labeled ...
Sahar. A. Shoman1 and B. A. Othman2
...train (TMV-E). Total RNA extract of infected plant and RNA of purified TMV particles were subjected in this method with four degenerate and undegenerate primers. The primer pairs generated two specific PCR fragments of 3428 base pair (bp) and 3836 bp of the whole TMV genome. The intensity of these RT-PCR amplified products was estimated, and it indicated relatively to the amount of the virus in the infected plant, The specificity of amplification was verified ...
S.A. El-Kewey1; R.A. Omar1; S.A. Sidaros2 and Samaa Abd El-Khalik3
...reparations of crude sap extracted from naturally infected garlic plants and negatively stained with 2% PTA showed flexuous rod-shaped particles 657-714 nm long. Biological relationships between the virus and insect vectors were studied....
Waheed Khan1, Muhammad Ajmal Khan2, Bakhtawar Khan1*, Aftab Amin3, Muhsin Ali4, Awais Farid, Ali Hazrat5 and Muhammad Yahya5
...0 mg of methanolic plant extract, group 4 (diabetic mice) received 400 mg of methanolic extract, and group 5 (diabetic mice) received 10 mg of the medication Glibenclamide for 28 days. Glucose was measured four times and after 28 days, blood samples were collected to measure the lipid profile. The result showed that methanolic extract of V. thapsus significantly (P>0.05) reduced the blo...
Muhammad Afzal Naeem1*, Muhammad Hassaan Khan2, Tahmina Nazish3, Uzma Bashir4 and Midrarullah5
...and treated with aqueous extracts from various parts of G. hirsutum (root, stem and leaves) at concentration (0-100% v/v). Among the various test extracts of G. hirsutum, leaf extract were found to impart maximum inhibitory effect on the germination indices of the wheat (T. aestivum) followed by the stem extracts, as the highest concentration of ACWE (i....
Muhammad Ather Nadeem1, Bilal Ahmad Khan1,2*, Neelam Yaqoob3*, Abdullah2, Amina Iftikhar4, Muhammad Irfan5, Hafiza Zara Saeed6, Syed Saqlain Hussain7 and Sidra Shakil8
...athic effects of aqueous extract of wild radish on pea seedling emergence and growth at Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, the University of Sargodha in 2021. The experiment was run in four replicates to avoid variance. Different concentrations of aqueous extract of wild radish (0.0 %, 3.0 %, 6%, 9.0% and 12.0 %) were applied on ten seed of pea. It was observed that maximum emergence percentage (94.25 %), shoot ...
Riaz Hussain2*, Adnan Ihsan1*, Waqar Khan1, Shiraz Malik1, Hamza Jameel1, Hidayat Ullah3, Shahab Ahmad4, Jawad Anwar5 and Murad Ali6
...fficacy of various plant extracts viz., (Green Chili (Capsicum spp.), Garlic Fresh Cloves (A. sativum), Chinaberry Fresh leaves (M. azedarach), Eucalpytus leaves against pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum. The research experiment was design randomize complete block (RCBD) with three replications and two sprays were applied at 14 days interval. After 7 and 14 days of 1st and 2nd application the minimum means density of aphids were recorded in plot treated with Eucal...
Adel B. Salama and Reham M. Sabry*
...ajor constituents of the extracted oil from calendula seeds were calendic acid (45.95-46.27%) and linoleic acid (26.56-26.81%) whereas palmitic acid (5.23-5.32 %) oleic acid (5.87-6.72 %), stearic acid (3.34-3.41%), avenoleic acid (2.15-2.46%) and sterculic acid (3.27-3.89%) were the predominant constituents. It can be said from our results that it is possible to perform eighteen petal harvests to be used for pharmaceutical or coloring and dying purposes and a...
Rahma Boukarine*, Leila Hamdi and Kamel Khelili
...tive compounds have been extracted from plants and fruits, especially antioxidants which aid protect against oxidative stress. This study was conducted on Albino Wistar rats to investigate the antioxidant effect of Eruca sativa on the hepatic and renal profile damaged by xylene. Seventy rats were divided into seven equal groups and treated by gavage for 30 days as follows: Control group (C), group (CO), positive control group (RE) was received 350 mg / Kg bw o...
Sahar Ezeldien1,2, Foromo Dramou2, Fatma M. Yousseff3*, Alexander A. Nikishov2, Sergy B Seleznev2
...ect of chamomile aqueous extract on the productivity, egg quality, and serum biochemical parameters of laying Japanese quail. A total of 42 Japanese quail were separated into two groups of 21 birds each, with three replicates per group (7 birds) at random; the control group without any additives and the supplemented group with chamomile aqueous extract (3ml/L) in the drinking water from 2 weeks to 13 week at the end of exper...
Ngoc Tan Nguyen1*, Tan Loi Le1, Thi Kim Ngan Vo1, Chi Hieu Do1, Tuan Thanh Hoang2, Nguyen Khang Duong3, Quang Minh Luu4
...om the wing vein for DNA extraction to amplify the fragment length with 536 bp by PCR, and then the PCR products were cleaved with the PstI enzyme. The fragment length with 536 bp was successfully amplified in all individual samples, while genetic polymorphism at the PRL/PstI site was identified as C and T alleles, with allele frequencies 0.811 (C) and 0.189 (T). Three genotypes were observed with frequencies 0.647, 0.329 and 0.024 for CC, CT and TT, respectiv...
Saima Mehar1, Amtul Sami2 and Erum Iqbal3*
...t was determined for the extracts of Cyminum spp. (Cuminum cyminum and Nigella sativa) in methanol, chloroform, ether, butanol, and hexane on egg hatching and mortality of the juveniles of root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica. After 72 hours, C. cyminum (MeOH) demonstrated the maximum nematicidal activity in egg hatching (15%±2.10) of M. javanica, followed by N. sativa (Ether), 22.33±6.86%, at the lowest administered dose of 0.25 % concentrati...
Rukhsana Anwar1*, Muhammad Usman Khalil1 and Kanwal Ashiq1,2
...ive effect of methanolic extract of Colebrookea oppositifolia leaves. The sub-acute anti-hypertensive activity of a methanolic extract of Colebrookea oppositifolia 250 mg/kg were studied for 14 days in rats. Captopril (20 mg/kg) was given as a standard control. Non-invasive blood pressure (NIBP) monitoring technique was used to assess the blood pressure of rats. The frequency of hippuric acid synthesis from the hydrolysis of...
Jawad Ali1,*, Samiya Rehman1, Aqsa Aslam1, Fouzia Tanvir2, Rida Liaqat1, Muhammad Ahmad1, Aamir Riaz1, Muhammad Shafique3, Hassan Ali1 and Amjad Ali1
...ds. Results shows leaves extract from Mianwali has the highest total antioxidant capacity while stems collected form the Sargodha has highest free radicals scavenging ability with values of 47.60± 3.00 Vit C equiv mg/g DW and 50.00± 3.00 IC50 value. ...
Aamir Ali, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir*, Azizullah, Shaukat Ali, Muhammad Summer, Ali Haidar Gormani, Saira Nawaz and Ayesha Muzamil
... potentials of hot water extracts of mulberry leaves (mulberry tea) of two species i.e., Morus alba and Morus nigra. Mice were fed orally with mulberry leaves extract (200mg/kg, 100mg/kg and 50mg/kg) mixed in distilled water. Mice paw edema was induced by carrageenan injection while formalin was injected to mice paw for induction of pain. These extracts significantly decreased edema in mic...
Sigit Bintara1*, Riyan Nugroho Aji1, Panjono2, Ali Agus3
...nd treated with lycopene extract levels of 0% (control), 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4% in a diluent, equilibrated at the temperature of 5°C for 4 hours, packed in 0.25 ml straw, and refrozen into liquid nitrogen vapor about 5 cm above the liquid nitrogen surface for 10 minutes. Freezing was run by immersing the forage in liquid nitrogen for 24 hours before the post-thawing examination. Results showed that spermatozoa diluted with egg yolk citrate supplemented with 3%...
Fakhra Nazir1*, Sahar Fazal1 and Fakhar-i-Abbas2
...ial DNA was successfully extracted from keel tissue and Folmer region of COI gene comprising ~650 bps was amplified using universal primers and PCR products were confirmed by 1% agarose gel electrophoresis. Sequencing was carried out by Sanger’s method and BLAST analysis identified these samples as five species (Urocissa flavirostris, Dendrocitta vagabunda, Corvus splendens, Corvus corax and Corvus macrorhynchos) from three genera of family Corvidae. The...
Zahra Abdulameer Al-Zayadi1, Hana Kadum Shanan1, Al Salihi Karima Akool2*
...gated that the ethanolic extract of Sc-RE has an anticancer effect that reduces the proliferation of cancer cells caused by the carcinogenic substance.
Keywords | Anticancer, Biochemical indices, Histopathology, Herbal medicine, Saussurea costus root extract
...
Indri Juliyarsi1*, Sri Melia1, Rizki Dwi Setiawan1, Deni Novia1, Lailatul Anshor2, Tomi Candra2
...dants from Rosella calyx extract (Hibiscus sabdariffa L). The edible film was prepared with the addition of four different levels of rosella extracts (0, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6%). The addition of rosella calyx extract led to a significant difference (P<0.05) in color (redness), antioxidant activity, and color sensory attributes, but did not affect the moisture content, aroma, and flavor (P&g...
Amr N. El-Shahat1*, A.M. Abdul Azeem1 and Mohamed H.M. Abd el Megid2
...ffectiveness of bay leaf extract (BLE) in protection against high cholesterol diet (HCD) induced hypercholesterolemia. About thirteen compounds of essential oils were identified by GC/MS analysis including 1.8-cineole, Linalool and sabinene which represent the main volatile oils of bay leaf. Supplementation of BLE with HCD for 10 weeks resulted in reduction in the levels of some lipid contents (total cholesterol, triglycerides, Low-density lipoprotein-choleste...
Yufang Liu1,2, Guiling Cao3, Yujing Xie3 and Mingxing Chu1*
... 180 days, total RNA was extracted, differentially expressed (DE) gene libraries were constructed by suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) technology, and puberty-related differential genes were screened. A total of 184 differentially expressed genes were screened, including 57, 68 and 59 in the AO, BO and EO groups, respectively. There are 22 differentially expressed genes were directly associated to the ovary development. According to the gene function...
Amina Rahat1, Zahin Anjum1*, Sehlina Zehra2, Fatima Umal Baneen3 and Rabia Chishti1
...hat almost all the plant extracts showed potential antibacterial, insecticidal and antifungal activities against different. The research has focused on the potential therapeutic efficacy of AliumSativum, NigelaSativa, and Plantago Ovata in the treatment of microbial infections due to their significant antibacterial activity. Additionally, Different fractions of the A. sativum, P. ovata, N. sativa were prepared anad analyzed for antibacterial, insecticidal and ...
Ahmad Noor and Malik Muhammad Shafi*
...sources and ground water extraction satisfied the community needs and rainfall was only recharge method. Boreholes pumping technique was used mostly for irrigation. The Logit model investigated the impact of climate change was responsible for 73 percent variation in groundwater level. These climate factors included precipitation (Rainfall), temperature, humidity and delayed seasons. Rain patterns such as decrease in rainfalls with low frequencies showed positi...
Yaman Saad Fadhil
...ng Iraq propolis aqueous extract in several concentrations (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%) on the chicken meat stored for 12 days at 4°C temperature. The microbiological properties (total plate count, Coliform count, Staphylococcus aureus), and the sensory properties (colour, odour, Brittleness, and general appearance) were investigated. In general, increasing the propolis extract concentration in samples leads to a reduction in the ...
Dina A. Yousif, Mohamed M.T. Emara, Marwa R.S. Abdallah*
...r officinale crude water extracts might be utilized to increase the sensory acceptability of old mutton, particularly the flavor. Three groups of mutton flesh were used in the study; one group had a plain marinade, while the other two groups received 5% fresh water extracts of either Mentha piperita folium or Zingiber officinale added to the plain marinade. All samples were marinated for 24 h at 4 °C before being cooked ...
Muhammad Aijaz1, Nasir Mahmood2, Ghulam Mujtaba3 and Imran Riaz Malik1*
Isatay Tusupovich Jakupov, Gulzhan Tursunovna Yeszhanova, Gulnur Kurbanalievna Mamytbekova*
...positories obtained from extracts for intrauterine administration, with 20% and 40% content of C. leucocladum. Previously, phytopreparations were tested for antimicrobial (diffusion in agar by serial double dilutions) and antiradical activity (comparison with Butylhydroxyanisole (BHA), as well as for toxicity and the ability to cause irritation or an allergic reaction from the mucous membranes. In cows that used a suppository with a 40% content of C. leucoclad...
Altaf Ur Rahman1, Muhammad Ajmal Khan2*, Ali Hazrat3, Awais Farid4, Muhammad Yahya3* and Inam Ullah5
...vestigate the methanolic extract of Corylus jacquemontii for phytochemical, antibacterial, antioxidant potential. The methanolic fraction of C. jacquemontii was evaluated for quantitative phytochemical constituents. The antibacterial efficacy was investigated via well diffusion method by using a concentration of 100 µg/ml. Furthermore, the antioxidant potential of extract was estimated at various concentration (50, 100...
Abdur Rauf1*, Farooq Jan1, Muhammad Qayash2, Zia-ul-Islam3, Rizwanullah1, Ikramullah Khan1, Muhammad Shuaib4, Muhammad Khalid5 and Samrin Gul6
...dii. The crude ethanolic extract (25, 20, and 15mg/ml) was used against bacterial and fungal species. The four pathogenic bacteria (Micrococcus luteus, E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis) and two fungi (Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger) were examined. The above-mentioned various ethanolic crude extracts of H. eichwaldii revealed the highest potential (15.82±0.40), (18.12±0.56), and (17.41...
Malik F.H. Ferdosi1*, Arshad Javaid2, Iqra Haider Khan2 and Muhammad Kaleem Naseem1
...s from methanolic flower extract of this plant were identified through GC-MS. A total of 13 compounds were found in the extract. These included heptacosan-9-ol (15.01%), 2-hexanamine (13.28%), n-hexadecanoic acid (10.38%), eicosane (10.37%), 4H-pyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl (9.69%), cyclohexane, 1,1’-(2-propyl-1,3-propanediyl)bis-(8.81%), hexadecane-1,2-diol (6.34%), pentadecanoic acid, 14-methyl-, me...
Arshad Javaid1*, Iqra Haider Khan1, Malik F. H. Ferdosi2, Aneela Anwar3 and Mujahid Manzoor4
...he present study, flower extract of this plant was analyzed by GC-MS in search of identification of medicinally important constituents. The dried and crushed material of flowers was extracted in analytical grade methanol for one week and after filtration, it was subjected to GC-MS analysis. Major compounds in the flower extract were germacrene D (12.44%), n-hexadecanoic acid (12.15%), and ...
Amirul Faiz Mohd Azmi1,4, Hafandi Ahmad1, Norhariani Mohd Nor1, Goh Yong Meng1, Mohd Zamri Saad2, Md Zuki Abu Bakar1, Norafizah Abdul Rahman5,6, Agung Irawan7,9, Anuraga Jayanegara8,9, Hasliza Abu Hassim1,3,9*
... C had the highest ether extract and gross energy, with optimum value of crude proteins but low in crude fiber compared to diets B and A. Total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) and their molars proportion, gas production, total fatty acids, total bacteria count, and total protozoa count increased in parallel with the concentrate levels in Diets B and C (P < 0.05) in both breeds. The result also revealed that Murrah cross and Swamp buffaloes showed comparable rum...
Yao Xixi1, Zhou Rui2* and Ma Yinshan3
...crude fat, nitrogen free extract, tannic acid and total fatty acid with CLA content in grazing yaks (P<0.05). A significant negative correlation (P<0.05) of crude fiber and crude ash with CLA content in milk of grazing yak was recorded, while no significant correlation (P>0.05) of PUFAs and tvfa with CLA content was observed. This study is helpful to improve the grazing management of alpine grassland and the production performance of yaks (milk yield ...
Rashid Saraz1, Saiqa Amur1, Zia-ul-Hassan1*, Naheed Akhter Talpur1, Inayatullah Rajpar1, Muhammad Sohail Memon2, Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro3, Khalid Hussain Talpur1 and Nizamuddin Depar4
...y and pH (1:2 soil-water extract), organic matter (Walkley-Black method), and ABDTPA (Ammonium bicarbonate diethylene triamine penta acetic acid) extractable phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) were determined using standard protocols, with no further alterations. Soil variability mapping was done using ArcGIS ver. 10.7. through IDW interpolation. The results reveled that majority (40%) of soils were clayey in texture, followed...
Ni Putu Sarini1*, I Gde Suranjaya1, I Gusti Agung Arta Putra1, I Wayan Suarna1, Lindawati Doloksaribu1, I Ketut Puja2, I Ketut Gde Natakesuma3, I Gusti Ngurah Bagus Rai Mulyawan4
.... The blood samples were extracted using a commercial kit and the MC1R gene was then amplified by using a forward primer 5’ AGT TGA GCA GGA CCC TGA GA 3’, and a reverse primer 5’ CCA GTC ACC ACA GAG CGT TA 3’. The PCR products were further sequenced and analyzed to see variations of the MC1R gene of all cattle. The results indicated that the sequence of MC1R gene in the 10 Bali cattle has a nucleotide variation of 0.31% generated from ...
Nadia Jabeen1, Abdul Mubeen Lodhi1*, Rehana Naz Syed1, Muhammad Ali Khanzada2 and Alia Gul3
...ar characterization, DNA extraction was performed from the samples using a kit , and PCR amplification was done using ITS4 and ITS1F primers designed from the conserved regions as described in the previous studies. The amplified PCR products were sequenced from Macrogen Korea, via worldwide scientific Pakistan. Phylogenetic analysis of the obtained sequences was done based on the maximum similarity method using Mega 6.0. The spore was smaller as co...
Ertika Fitri Lisnanti1,4, Widya Paramita Lokapirnasari2*, Eka Pramyrtha Hestianah3, Mohammad Anam Al Arif2, Zein Ahmad Baihaqi4,5
... of marsh fleabane leaf extract on the blood profile and glucose concentration of broilers. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD). Treatment is carried out as follows: P0: Control / without adding Marsh fleabane leaf water extract in drinking water, P1: Drinking water plus marsh fleabane leaf extract at a dose of 4ml/litre, P2: Drinking water plus Marsh fleabane leaf
Khalid M. Al-Syaad1,2
...fect of Propolis aqueous extract on CC-induced toxicity in male rats. A total of 24 Wistar albino rats were included in this study, divided into four groups; each group containing 6 rats and administered the treatment doses orally by gavage for 28 days. Control, treated with a physiological solution (5.0 ml/rat). CC-treated group, treated with CC 15 mg/kg/bw. CC+propolis, treated with CC 15 mg/kg/bw + 30 mg/kg/bw propolis. Propolis-treated group, treated with ...
Abdel-Khalek El-Sayed Abdel-Khalek1*, Abdelaziz M. Sakr2, Wael M. Nagy2, Hesham S. Abou-Serie2, Entesar Z. Eliraqy2
...l) of propolis ethanolic extract (PEE) were used. Semen was collected once/week for 20 weeks from five buffalo bulls aged 3.5–5 years. The collected semen was pooled and distributed into five equal fractions, each fraction was diluted with Tris-extender at each level of PEE (PEE0, PEE1, PEE2, PEE3, and PEE4). Semen was gradually diluted at 37 °C with each extender at a rate of 1: 10, equilibrated for 4 hours at 4 °C, packaged in French stra...
Iram Liaqat1*, Noor Muhammad1, Muhammad Mubin2, Najma Arshad3, Tehreema Iftikhar4, Sumera Sajjad5 and Farzana Rashid5
...ning using ethyl acetate extracts also showed significant ZI in the range of 06 – 14.0 mm (P ≤ 0.05) against these pathogens thus confirming their bioactive potential. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of screened Actinomycetes was in the range of 1.3 - 3.5 mgmL-1 and 1.9 – 4.0 mgmL-1 of bacterial biomass, respectively. Three isolates, S. monticola, S. septentrionalis and S. polaris showed 10...
Ijaz Ahmad1,5*, Haihong Hao1, Pascal Sanders2, Zafar Iqbal3, Saeed Ahmed4, Farhan Anwar Khan5, Zahir Shah5, Muhammad Ibrahim6 and Lingli Huang1
...samples from plasma were extracted and separated by HPLC on a reversed phase C-18 column with mobile phase of acetonitrile and formic acid (0.1%) solution- (90:10, v/v). The calibration curves were linear ranged from 0.01-5µg/mL. The limit of quantification (LOQ) and limit of detection (LOD) were 0.04 and 0.01 µg/mL. The recovery of cefquinome from plasma was 73.4%, 78.33%, and 77% for low, medium and high concentration samples. The intraday and in...
Sherein H. Mohamed1, Soad El Naggar2*, Ayman A. Hassan3, Mohamed A.M. Mousa3, Mohamed M. Basyony3, Mohamed F. Sadek3, Mohamed A. A. Ahmed4, Saadia M. Hashem5
...influence of five herbal extracts in rabbit diets on productive performance, digestibility, cecal fermentation, antioxidant enzyme activities, immunity and meat quality. One hundred twenty six male growing New Zealand White rabbits aged eight weeks old with an average body weight of 675±47.95 g were divided into six equal groups 21 rabbits each, control diet group, C fed the basal diet and the other five groups (GE, ClE, ThE, TE, and CE) fed on basal di...
Mohammed Naji Odhah1,2, Faez Firdaus Abdullah Jesse1*, Bura Thlama Paul3,4, Bashiru Garba5, Zaid Mahmood1, Eric Lim Teik Chung6, Mohd Azmi Mohd Lila7
...ic acids (MAs) immunogen extract. About 12 healthy crossbred female Boer goats were assigned into three groups (A, B and C), each comprising of 4 goats. Group A (Negative control group) was inoculated intradermally with 2 ml of sterile phosphate-buffered saline (PBS-pH 7); Group B (Mycolic acid group) was inoculated intradermally with 2 ml of immunogenic Mycolic acid extract (1g /ml); while group C (Positive control group) w...
A.M. Abdul Azeem1, A.N. El shahat1* and Mohamed H.M. Abd el Megid2
...om Citrus paradise peels extract (SeNPs-CP), their general characterization, and their assessment for antioxidant activities against liver injury induced by bisphenol A (BPA) in male rats. In this work, Citrus paradise peels extract used for reduction of sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) to reduce Se ions to Se0 confirmed by changing the colour of the solution from light yellow to red. The synthesized SeNPs were characterized by Ult...
A.M. Abdul Azeem1, A.N. El shahat1* and Mohamed H.M. Abd el Megid2
...om Citrus paradise peels extract (SeNPs-CP), their general characterization, and their assessment for antioxidant activities against liver injury induced by bisphenol A (BPA) in male rats. In this work, Citrus paradise peels extract used for reduction of sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) to reduce Se ions to Se0 confirmed by changing the colour of the solution from light yellow to red. The synthesized SeNPs were characterized by Ult...
Sajida Batool, Iqra Ashraf, Shafaat Yar Khan, Sitara Shameem* and Breha Kazmi
...udy, the methanolic leaf extract of C. procera was investigated for its immunomodulatory potential in vitro using T-lymphocytes. Phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) st https://researcherslinks.com/journals imulated T-lymphocytes were treated with extract of C. procera (1, 2, and 4 µg/mL) for 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 h. Levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-8) were measured after 8, 12, and 24 h while le...
Asifa Majeed*, Amir Rashid, Palvasha Waheed, Asma Faryal, Aden Razaq and Ayesha Maryam
...y group. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and subjected to the polymerase chain reaction using primers of the APOA1 gene and ABCG1 gene. The amplicons were subjected to Sanger sequencing on Automated DNA Genetic Analyzer. The sequence data was analyzed on BioEdit7.2 biological software and Basic Local Alignment Search Tool against the human genome database to find any genetic variation. It has been found that ABCG1 gene and APOA1 gene exhibited ...
Arnold Christian Tabun*, Ferdinan Suharjono Suek, Cardial L Leo Penu, Johanis A. Jermias, Thomas Lapenangga
...DNA analysis such as DNA extraction, Polymerase Chain Restriction, DNA sequencing, and identification of DNA sequences nucleotide. Bali cows with sorrel, black and white coat colors are used with an age range of 3-5 years. DNA sequencing conducted multiple alignments, the identification of the genetic distance, and the preparation of phylogenetic trees using the software Mega X. The results of PCR sequencing of Bali cows with different coat colors in Kupang we...
Meryem Betmezoğlu1*, Dilek Arsoy2 and Mahmut Çerkez Ergören3
...s goats. Genomic DNA was extracted from goats’ whole blood. As a result, ten different Caprine Prnp polymorphisms were detected including P42= (CCG>CCA), G127S (GGC>AGC), S138= (AGT>AGC), N146S (AAT>GAT), R154H (CGT>CAT), Gln172Arg (CAG>CGG), G172H (CAG>CAT), G172R (CAG>CGT), V179V (GTG>GTT), V187 (CAG>CAT). The three most common genetic markers were P42= 16%), R154H (12%), N146S (8%), respectively. Two different polymorphis...
Omar Berkani1*, Souheila Slimani2, Nora Sakhraoui3 and Cherif Abdennour1
...caria odora (PO) aqueous extract could serve as a protective agent against the toxic impacts of two doses of cypermethrin (CYP) on the seasonal reproduction of domestic males pigeons (Columba livia domestica) subjected to a long photoperiod (19L: 05D). Therefore, thirty pigeons were divided equally into six groups; group C used as a control, group PO used as a positive control that treated by PO (300 mg/k b.w/day), CYP1 and CYP2 groups were respectively treate...
Bayanda Mdoda*, Faith Machabi, Busisani Wiseman Lembede, Eliton Chivandi
... GIT viscera organs were extracted and small and large intestine lengths and mass were measured. Empty carcass mass was measured and the dressing percentage was computed. Across growth phases and overall, dietary zingerone had similar effects (p > 0.05) as ZnBcn on the chicken’s TBM, BMG, ADG, FI, and FCR. It also had similar effects (p > 0.05) on empty carcass mass, dressing percentage, and viscera macromorphometry as a control. Zingerone at 40, 8...
Akram Ali Baloch1*, Adeel Ahmad2, Kaleem U. Kakar3, Sara Naudhani1, Samiullah Khan1, Agha Muhammad Raza3, Imrana Niaz Sultan1, Humaira Zahid4, Saadullah3 and Shakeela Daud1*
...s were collected and DNA extraction was performed by inorganic method. DNA was amplified by polymerase chain reaction and subsequently sequenced to confirm any genetic variability in the affected individuals of the families. As a result, two different missense mutations (c.830C>A resulting p.Ala277Glu and c.332C>T resulting p.Pro111Leu) in affected individuals in two of the families were identified. The nonexistence of mutations in EPM2B in the other two...
Fatimah A. Al-Saeed
...e (Olea oleaster) leaves extract on male rats exposed to Cd (15 mg/kg body weight (b.w.). The male rats were randomly assigned to four groups. The first group served as control (CTL) that orally administered saline solution. The second group was exposed to Cd in a dose of 15 mg/kg b.w. The third group was treated with olive leaves extract (600 mg/kg b.w.) and exposed to Cd. The fourth group was treated with olive leaves
Dhurgham K. Seger1, Rahman H. H. Al Qasimi2, Azhar A. Jaffar3, Salah H. Faraj4, Ahmed I. Ateya5*
...he age of 10 months. DNA extraction and PCR reactions were carried out at the biology sciences laboratory of the Marshes Research Center/Thi-Qar University. Sequencing technology was used to detect mutations in SSTR1 gene. The results of the multiple alignment analysis of the sequence of SSTR1 gene indicated the presence of one mutation 264 A>G. The obtained mutation produced three genotypes, namely AA, AG, and GG. The frequency of the genotypes AA, AG and ...
Razia Sultana1, Shinawar Waseem Ali1*, Ghulam Murtaza2 and Shahid Mahmood2
...omposite sample. DNA was extracted from yogurt using the phenol-chloroform (organic) method. Extracted DNA was used to perform NGS/Illumina high-throughput sequencing of hypervariable regions (V3 and V4) of the 16S rRNA gene. In the composite yogurt sample, 100% bacteria were detected with a total count of 40423. The number of phyla was 3, of which proteobacteria showed the highest abundance (89.9%). Four classes of bacteria...
Salma Jameel Askar
...s of Beetroots ethanolic extract in alleviation these alterations. Eighteen male albino rats were used, and they were divided into three groups of six animals each: G1, which received a dose of distilled water as a negative control; G2, which received a dose of meloxicam at 1.3 mg/kg.BW was a positive control, and G3 received a dose of meloxicam and beetroots ethanolic extract. Each animal received a single oral dosage of (0...
Mahmoud Mohamed Ahmed Youssef and Wafaa Mohamed Abd - El-Hameed El-Nagdi
...itro conditions, aqueous extracts of Khella (Ammi majus) mashed fresh leaves and flowers at concentrations of 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 % were bioassayed against root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita second stage juveniles (J2s). The obtained results revealed that the tested extracts at 10% caused 100% nematode mortality at 72 h of exposure followed by the other concentrations with the percentages of net mortality ranging from 4...
Azam Khurshid1*, Jawad Sarwar1, Kamran Sohail1, Hafiz Muhammad Faisal Ayub2, Farooq Muhammad1, Fida Muhammad Khan3 and Adnan Ihsan1
...icacy of different plant extract combinations against Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) and Jassid (Amrasca devastans) on okra crop at Kalu khan district Swabi, in 2022. Treatments included a synthetic insecticide, six plant extract combinations, and control. The results revealed that the minimum number of whitefly plant-1, after 1st and 2nd spray application, was observed in plots treated with lambda-cyhalothrin (2.65 and 2.20) fol...
ZAMARA MASOOD1, FAROOQ SALEEM1, SARFRAZ AHMAD2, TALHA JAMSHAID3, IMRAN WAHEED4,
MUHAMMAD AZEEM1, UMAR FAROOQ GOHAR5 & HAFIZ MUHAMMAD ARSALAN6, 7*
...leaves, roots and floral extracts i.e. methanol,
chloroform, and n-hexane of Ranunculus laetus (R. laetus) were tested to
find out their bioactivities. The yield obtained from the methanolic extracts
was 15.12%, 20.5% and 31.3%, while that of chloroform extracts 4.15%,
16.15% and 29.6% and that of n-hexane extract
SHEHLA AKBAR*, SAIQA ISHTIAQ*, KHALID HUSSAIN, ANS MUNIR & SAIRA REHMAN
...edicinal plants or their extracts orally taken by the
marginal communities. Primary and secondary metabolites of Misopates
orontium (L.) belongs to Plantaginaceae family were screened out and
tested for therapeutic values through in-vitro biological assays.
Quantitative analysis was done on powder of Misopates orontium by
using standard methods for estimating the primary and secondary
meta...
Orooba Mohammed Saeed Ibrahim1*, Rawaa Saladdin Jumaa2, Nibras Zeyad Yahya1
... activity of fruit juice extract on bacterial strain was determined using macro-broth dilution, agar well diffusion methods and time kill curve. Results revealed that the used juice extracts were variously bacteriostatic and bactericidal against the examined bacteria depending on concentration. Phytochemicals analysis indicated the presence of alkaloids, phenol, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, and glycosides. The test organis...
Waseef Ullah Khan*, Yasser Durrani and Muhammad Ayub
...oth natural olive leaves extract (OLE) and minimal chemical preservatives (sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate) for preserving mango OLE blend over a 90 days period. The findings demonstrated that the inclusion of OLE effectively preserved the chemical quality and sensory characteristics of mango OLE blend with added chemical preservatives. Results showed that all samples retained total soluble solids between (17.89-20.80˚Brix), pH (4.06- 4.91), color (6.94...
Aamir Ali, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir*, Azizullah, Shaukat Ali, Muhammad Farooq Bhatti, Muhammad Summer and Ali Haidar Gormani
...kaloids. Mulberry leaves extracts have also shown significant pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer, anti-diabetic and antidepressant activities. Further studies should explore the mulberry leaves potentials as these plants have got the attention of both the pharmacological and commercial industries.
Novelty Statement | The mulberry leaves posse...
Arief1*, Roni Pazla2
...e fat, and nitrogen-free extract. A mixture of forages, including Mirasolia diversifolia, Indigofera zoolingeriana, and Gliricidia sepium, combined with palm concentrate, can balance the company’s ration FCM milk production.
Keywords | Gliricidia sepium, Goat, Indigofera zoolingeriana, Milk, Mirasolia diversifolia, Palm concentrate
...
Mahmoud M.A. Youssef1, Wafaa M.A. El-Nagdi1*, Hassan Abd- El-Khair2, Usama S. Elkelany1, Mahfouz M.M. Abd-Elgawad1 and Mona G. Dawood3
...pomegranate peel aqueous extract (PP) on M. incognita infesting potato cv. Spunta. Based on the percentages juvenile reduction in soil at harvest time, the combined treatments of Tv or Tvr with PP recorded 66.8 or 60.5% nematode reductions, respectively, as each fungal agent was applied in soil before planting. However, such reductions were 83.7 and 78.7%, respectively, when Tv or Tvr were used as single treatments indicating more efficacy on M. incognita popu...
Wisit Ketpanyapong1, Kulisara Marupanthorn2*
...of Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MOLE) supplementation on blood parameters, serum antioxidant status, and sperm quality in 24 Duroc boars at 1.0-1.5 years. The boars were randomly divided into four groups of three replicates each and their feed was supplemented with MOLE at concentrations of 0, 10, 50, and 250 mg/kg body weight (BW). Supplementing Duroc boras with MOLE increased leukocyte, erythrocyte, and hemoglobin levels, and significantly influenced serum...
I Nyoman Sumerta Miwada1*, I Nyoman Sutarpa Sutama1, Agus Susilo2
...ulting from Moringa leaf extract fortification. Moringa leaf extract was fortified in the five treatment groups, 1000 ml each with different concentrations, namely 0% (P0); 2% (P1); 4%(P2); 6%(P3) and 8%(P4). The research method used one-way analysis of diversity (at p<0.05) and continued with the Duncan test using the SPSS version 25 system. The results showed that increasing the level of Moringa leaf
Nurul Fajrih1,2, Komang Gede Wiryawan1*, Sumiati1 and Suraya Kaffi Syahpura3
...ify;">This study aims to extract and isolate glucomannan from banana corm and evaluate its potential as a prebiotic in vitro. Extraction activities were carried out by maceration with a ratio of 1: 10, namely 200 g of banana corm flour and 2 liters of aquadest by chromatographic column elution using ethanol as the mobile phase and diaion as the stationary phase. Further tested to determine the content of glucomannan in the <...
Ahmed Al-Hasnawi*, Wafaa Kadhim Jasim
...o determine if aloe vera extract had any protective effects against the hematological and histopathological alterations brought on by azathioprine. animals are evenly divided into four categories: (G1) group: were received distilled water. (G2) group: were administrating azathioprine (50mg/kg. b. w). (G3) group: were administrating Aloevera gel extract (500mg/kg b.w). (G4) group: were administrating azathioprine (50mg/kg. b....
Imtiaz Khan1*, Abdullah1, Muhammad Ibrahim1, Muhammad Ishfaq Khan1, Saima Hashim1, Shomayela Afzal2 and Khalid Nawab3
...s) and allelopathic weed extracts (Asphodelus tenuifolius Cav., Convolvulus arvensis L. and Lathyrus sp.) compared with control treatment. The study parameters include; weed density (m-2) before and after application, fresh and dry weight (m-2) of A. tenuifolius Cav., plant height (cm), number of nodes and branches plant-1, leaf area index (LAI), number of pods plant-1, number of grains pod-1, 500 seed weight (g), biological yield (kgha-1), grain yield (kgha-1...
Afsheen Khattak1, Shahida Naveed1*, Naila Khalid1, Inayat Ullah Khan2 and Tamana Bakht3
...d, powdered, and aqueous extracts were prepared at room temperature. Randomized Complete Design (RCD) with four treatments and one control were used in the experiment. Data was recorded for seed germination rate (%), shoot length (cm), radical length (cm), fresh biomass weight (g), dry weight (g), and moisture content (%) of wheat and maize seedling. Result revealed that V. encelioides extracts significantly affected all the...
Fatemeh Beheshti1, Maliheh Safavi2, Mohammad Reza Akbari Eidgahi1,3, Parviz Kokhaei4, Mehdi Vazirian5 and Ali Akbar Shabani1,3*
...y of organic and aqueous extracts of I. purpurea leaves was assessed. Further, the ethanol and chloroform extracts of I. purpurea leaves were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Concentration-dependent scavenging of 2, 2-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazil (DPPH) was seen across all three extract types (ethanol, water, and chloroform) with the IC50 values of 42.30 ± ...
Hafiza Mehwish Iqbal1, Salman Khurshid1*, Saqib Arif1, Qurrat-ul-Ain Akbar1, Saba Iqbal2, Shahid Yousaf3, Kainat Qureshi1, Abdul Karim Khan5, Abdul Ahad6, Aqeel Ahmed Siddique4 and Neelofar Hamid7
...on method. Three solvent extracts Aqueous, Acetone and Methanol with concentrations (5,10,15 and 20%) was prepared. Our study showed that maximum zone of inhibition (ZOI) was observed against bacteria for M. Koenigii i.e., 22mm and 23 mm for fungi, while; O. basilicum and S. asoca plants have21 and 22mm MIZD. Methanol 20%has maximum antioxidant activity in O. basilicum whereas, in S. asoca and M. koenigii 20% aqueous showed maximum activity. Total phenolic con...
Muhammad Nauman Arif1, Muhammad Mansha1* and Tanveer Hussain2
...re collected and DNA was extracted by using in-house organic methods. PCR was used to amplify a total of 880 bp of overlapping genes, which were then sequenced. Bioedit software was used to align, and edit the sequences, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were evaluated. The MEGA X-based maximum likelihood method was employed to study the genetic relatedness between sequenced samples and reference sequence as well as other deer. Among query sequences, ...
Shudong Liu1,2, Shuai Wang1,2, Haoran Cui1 and Genyuan Chen1,2*
... livestock farm. DNA was extracted from ear tissue using the saturated phenol-chloroform method. The DNA was genotyped using the Illumina Ovine SNP50 Bead Chip. After quality control, we detected 4,8335 SNPs, which included four SNPs that are significantly associated with the ACMS of sheep. We identified four quantitative trait loci (QTL) regions for ACMS. These QTLs on Ovis aries (OAR) 2 and OAR26. We observe genome-wide significant association with ACMS at f...
Sabi Ur Rehman1*, Laiba Arshad1, Saman Ali1, Shazma Massey2, Safeer Khan3, Abdul Samad4 and Fazal-Ur-Rehman5
...cles utilizing botanical extracts. Silver nanoparticles are particularly noteworthy due to their potent antibacterial properties and relevance in nanomedicine. This study presents a green synthesis method using Sarcococca saligna leaf extracts to successfully produce both silver and gold nanoparticles. The formation and stability of the nanoparticles were verified through a change in physical colour and characterized using U...
Sara H. Zughayyar*, Amer H. Gyad
...y of the alcoholic fruit extract of Prosopis farcta L. in a rat model. Thirty male Albion Wistar rats randomized into six equal groups of five as follows: negative control (received distilled water), positive control (induced diarrhea with 2 ml castor oil), and experimental groups that received 2 ml castor oil followed by oral administration of different doses of Prosopis farcta L. fruit ethanolic extract (300 mg/kg, 400 mg...
Rana Mahmood Ahmad*, Orooba M.S. Ibrahim
...Syzagium aromaticam extract and evaluate the effect against Polyarthritis produced by complete Freund’s Adjuvants injected (S.c.) into the hind paw. The confirmation of the synthesis and characterization of ZnONPs was achieved through the utilization of a UV-spectrophotometer and SEM. For this purpose, eighteen adult male rats 200 ± 50 g at six months of age will be randomly divided into three groups, each containing six rats. Groups 2 and 3 ...
Khansa Jamil1, Muhammad Ramzan Khan1, Asad Jan2 and Ghulam Muhammad Ali1*
...to be safe to use. Crude extract of Caralluma tuberculata stem was used to examine its antibacterial activity and phytochemical screening. Antibacterial assay was carried out by well diffusion method. A maximum number of compounds were eluted by methanolic extract by thin-layer chromatography and a total of 70 compounds were identified by GC-MS analysis. The phytochemical screening showed that the methanolic
Shamsher Ali* and Naheed Baloch
... 3ml/L concentrations of extracted C. gigantea oil. Thus, it is concluded that colocynth extracted oil as most effective essential oil to protect wheat grains....
Muhammad Ali Raza1*, Aneela Zameer Durrani2, Muhammad Muddassir Ali3, Tariq Usman4, Bilques Bano5, Nazia Rubab6, Syed Tasadak Mehdi7, Muhammad Wasim Iqbal8, Kumayl Hassan Akhtar9, Hira Hameed10
...outh-Asia. Crude aqueous extract (CAE) from seeds of A. indica at the dosage of 2 g/kg of body weight, levamisole HCL at the dose rate of 7.5 mg/kg and 3.0% oxyclozanide BP (vet), 1.5 levamisole hydrochloride BP (vet) and 0.382% cobalt sulphate in combination were administered orally to the cattle naturally infected with mixed species of gastrointestinal nematodes. The study design also included infected but un-medicated and uninfected and un-medicated c...
Zhi Qiang Gao*, Dan Dan Zhang, Qin Gmei Qin, Xiu Xiu Li, Li Li, Yan Zhong Xue and Shifeng Guo
... DNA of GNTs tissues was extracted, and the PSEN1 E280A mutation was detected by sequencing. Finally, the correlation of PSEN1 E280A mutation with clinical characteristics was analyzed. PSEN1 E280A mutation was detected in 16 GNTs patients (44% in GGs (11/25) and 33.3% in DNTs (5/15)). PSEN1 E280A mutation was obviously elevated in females (10/16, 62.5%) versus in males (6/24, 25%) (P = 0.025). Meanwhile, more extensive seizure types were present in GNTs with ...
Dan Song1,2, Ming-Juan Ge3, Jie Li1,2, Yi Jiang1, Xiu-Mei Kong1, Jiao-Jiao Xu1, Xu Ji1,2, Rui-Xin Shi1 and Qin Zhao1,2*
...a effects of its ethanol extract. Three extract methods were employed to evaluate the best extraction methods. Male Kunming specific pathogen-free (SPF) mice were randomly divided into blank control, model (hypoxia), positive (propranolol 30 mg/kg + hypoxia), and three G. straminea ethanol extracts dose groups (10, 5 and 2.5 g/kg respectively + hypoxia),...
Usama Mahalel1, Barakat M. Alrashdi1, Ibrahim Abdel-Farid1, Sabry El-Naggar2, Mohamed Hassan3, Hassan Elgebaly1 and Diaa Massoud1,4*
...effect of the methanolic extract of Mesembryanthemum forsskalii fruits extract against the hepatotoxicity of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in mice at two different doses (low; 100 mg/kg BW and high; 500 mg/kg BW). The obtained results showed that CCl4 injection significantly reduced the body weights of mice and increased the relative liver weight. Treatment with M. forsskalii extract after C...
Rasema Majeed, Alaa Kamil Mahmood*
...such as ginger ethanolic extract (GEE) have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that may help in mitigate these effects. Chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) can improve delivery and bioavailability of encapsulated agents such as GEE. The aims of this study to evaluate the protective effects of ginger ethanolic extract, chitosan nanoparticles, and ginger ethanolic extract loaded with chi...
Amer Hakeem Chyad1, Omar S.I. Al-Janabi2*, Orooba Mohammed Saeed Ibrahim1, Najeeb Mohaamed Hussein3
...helidonium majus L. root extract on the testes of rats. Fifty adult male rate were divided into five equal groups, and each group received thirty days of treatment. first group (G1). Gave only distilled water (negative control group). second group (G2). These animals were administered CP at a dose of 14.2 mg/kg/BW (positive control group). third party (G3). Gave only 200 mg/kg/B.W. of Chelidonium majus alcoholic extract and ...
Rana Mahmood Ahmad*, Orooba Mohammed Maeed Ibrahim
...ve (Syzygium aromaticum) extract and essential oil are frequently utilized for their therapeutic qualities. Medicinal plant extracts are non-toxic, safe, and have no harmful side effects. Available in abundance, researchers have turned their attention to using these plants as anti-inflammatory. This study was designed to highlight and compare the effects of Syzygium aromaticum extracts oil...
Montesqrit Montesqrit1*, Harnentis Harnentis1, Sepri Reski1, Fadhli Fajri2
... level of red onion skin extract (ROSE) as a replacement for synthetic antibiotic growth promoter (AGP) in the diet of laying quails. The laying quails (n=180) used in this study were 44 weeks old, with an average production of 55%. The experiment followed a completely randomized design, with three treatments: A (basal diet + Zinc bacitracin), B (basal diet + 1% ROSE), and C (basal diet + 2% ROSE). Each treatment was replicated six times. The observed variable...
Khalid Alhudaib
... used in ELISA test, was extracted in accordance with its instructions to confirm ELISA results. RT-PCR was performed using PDV, PNRSV and PPV specific primers. RT-PCR resulted in the amplification of a 346 bp fragment as expected and negative result with PPV and PDV. The obtained result indicating the presence of PNRSV, in Apricot and Peach in Saudi Arabia, is recorded. The amplified fragment was sequenced and deposited in GenBank (Accession No. HM584814). Th...
Johan Sukweenadhi1*, Stefan Pratama Chandra1, Finna Setiawan2, Christina Avanti2, Kartini Kartini2, Arief Koeswanto3 and Deok-Chun Yang4
...Plantago major L. extract were not significantly different from the normal group and the ACA and ACA Ag groups. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the dermal patch formulated with silver nanoparticles synthesized using Plantago major L. extract helps wound healing in diabetic mice and is not significantly different from wound dressings and silver dressings on the market (p-value < 0.05). In add...
Wisit Ketpanyapong1, Kulisara Marupanthorn2*
...of Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MOLE) supplementation on growth performance and intestinal morphology in weaned pigs are poorly understood. This study examined the effects of MOLE supplementation (250 mg/kg or 500 mg/kg diet) on 144 Duroc × Landrace × Large White weaned pigs over a 5-week period. The results of this study showed that dietary supplementation with MOLE for 5 weeks improved average daily weight gain, feed efficiency and reduced the ...
Mahdyl , A.M.M.; Hafezl , M.A.; EL-Dougdoug2, Kh. A.; Fawzyl , R.N. and Shahwanl , Eman S.M.•
...body specific CMV. Water extracts of Mirabilis jalapa, Clerodendrum inerme and Kombucha as antiviral to control the virus infection and detection systemic acquired resistance (SAR) Were Studied. SAR was detected by determination of salicylic acid (SA) resulted induction of protein related to biotic inducers, virus concentration and disease severity (DS). The obtained results from quantification of total SA in induced tomato plants (after 7 days of spraying ind...
El Sayed l , Yasmein A.; Ghareeb2 , A.; El-Dougdoug3, K. A. and Bekheetl , H. K.
...mination of BAW infected extract by light microscope showed polyhedral bodies with concentration (2.3x107PIB/ml). In our study the morphological structures of S.exigua infected with SeNPV (EG) as well as healthy one were examined by SEM. It was showed complete destruction of external larval body, reduction in each abdominal segment size, pro-legs and thoracic legs reduce in size and appear short and stumpy also the oval shape spiracle converted to circular sha...
Alhudaib, Khalid
...tal nucleic acids (TNAs) extraction. One hundred mg of leaf veins and or cortical scrapings were used for extraction. Samples were macerated in 1 ml of grinding buffer. TNAs were recovered with a silica-capture procedure and stored at —200C till used. 8-10gl of TNA extracts were mixed with Igl random hexamer primer, (Boehringer Mannheim, GbmH) (0.5 g/gl). RT-PCR assay of leaves
*El-Helaly, Sahar H.; ** Ahmed, Amal A.; * Awad, M.A. and ** Soliman, A.M.'
...ically inoculated by sap extracted from infected potato leaves to host plants (bioassay). The identity of AMV isolate was confirmed by sequence analysis of their coat protein (CP) gene. The sequence of the coat protein gene (CP) of AMV was determined from cDNA clones. The CP gene was cloned into pGEM-T Easy vector, and transformed into Escherichia coli (E. coli) strain DH5a. The recombinant plasmids were obtained and sequenced. The nucleotide sequences were co...
Eman, Abo Hatab*; Hussein, HA.; El-Sabagh IM. and Saber, MS.
...virus. The viral RNA was extracted from the tissue culture harvest of the propagated viruses and RT-PCR using primers specific for VP6 and VP7 of group A rotaviruses was employed and confirmed the molecular characterization Of the isolates viruses with the correct and expected bands. The RT-PCR specific band of VP7 gene of two selected isolates was eluted from the agarose gel and sequenced using VP7 specific primers sequence. The obtained sequence was analyzed...
Amer, H.M.; Hussein, H. A.; El-Sabagh, I. M.; El-Sanousi, A. A. Saber,M.S. and Shalaby, M. A.
...ct of N gene was cut and extracted from gel using DNA gel extraction kit (Millipore). Eluted DNA was successfully cloned in pBlueBac4.5N5-His TOPO TA baculovirus transfer vector and transformed in chemically competent E. coli. A modified colony PCR assay was utilized to identify the positive bacterial colonies that harbor the recombinant plasmids carrying N gene in correct orientation. Generation of recombinant baculoviruses...
Sonia, A.M.; El. Sanousi, A.A.; Saber, M.M.; Daoud, A.M.; Samira, E.K.; and Ismail I.
...Quil A saponine, Ginseng extract and Montanide IMS 3015. These vaccines were compared with Al (OH) 3 gel vaccine and tested in calves. The obtained results revealed that the duration of immunity elicited by gel FMD vaccine was shorter than oil adjuvanted FMD vaccines. Results also indicated that vaccine emulsified with Montanide IMS 3015 could elicit the best protection capability with long lasting immune response (up to 42 week) in calves, if compared with ot...
*Amal Abou El-Ela A., M. A. Amer and Eman A. H. Khatab,
...plification of total RNA extracted from infected carnation suggesting the presence of one Potyvirus in the tested carnation plant. Nucleic acid spot hybridization assay also was used to confirm identification of the present virus as one of the Potyvirus group using DIG labeled general cDNA probe for detection of potyviruses group, It showed high levels of hybridization signal, whereas no RT-PCR and hybridization were observed with uninfected carnation tissues....
E.F. Mohamedl and A.A. Owayss2
Anak Agung Ayu Sri Trisnadewi*, I Gusti Lanang Oka Cakra
...highest on nitrogen-free extract (NFE) compared to treatments B, C, and D. The crude fiber digestibility was highest in treatment C and significantly different compared to treatment A, B, and D. The nutrient consumption, digestibility of organic matter, crude fat, and total digestible nutrient (TDN) showed no significant differences in all treatments and tended to be the highest on the treatment C. It can be concluded that giving silage with 40% corn straw + 2...
Rizqan*, Hilda Susanty, Linda Suhartati, Azhar, Arief, Elly Roza
...eco-enzyme, which can be extracted from citrus fruit peels, waste materials, and other sources. The objective of this research was to prepare an eco-enzyme using citrus fruit peel (Citrus reticulata) and analyze its organoleptic properties as well as its inhibitory effects against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli pathogens. Eco-enzyme was prepared from citrus peel waste, resulting in a solution with a typical fresh sour aroma. The pH of the eco-enzym...
Rawaa Saladdin Jumaa
...nd nostril cere. The DNA extracted from the collected samples was amplified using conventional PCR by amplification of the P4b gene. The positive samples had been inoculated on chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). Thickening of CAM were seen in the first passage, whereas pock lesion at the second (2nd) and third (3rd) passages. The chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) cells propagated by the prepared infected CAM have shown the cytopathic effect (CPE) that included roun...
Xiaojun Li
... approach to the acetone extract effects of Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bunge (SMB). It was found that acetone extracts of Salviami ltiorrhiza Bunge (SIB) represented by cryptotanshinone and dihydrotanshinone had lethal effect on diamondback moth larvae, and the correlation coefficient was 0.972. Through further antifeedant test, it was found that diamondback moth larvae had obvious antifeedant behavior to acetone
Ahmed M. Manthoor, Ali H. Saliem*
...luca oleracea methanolic extract in vitro against Escherichia coli. The first step was involved collection and extraction of P. oleracea with absolute methanol in a Soxhlet apparatus and phytochemical analysis of extract. While in the second step, the antibacterial effects of the extract as compared with ciprofloxacin, as well as zone of inhibition, mini...
Tabinda Nowsheen1, Sayed Wadood Ali Shah2, Ali Hazrat1*, Muhammad Yahya1, Gul Rahim1, Muhammad Mukhtiar4 and Muhammad Ajmal Khan3
... of the methanolic crude extract of leaves, stem, and roots of Artemisia maritime. The phytochemical screening of A. maritime leaves, stem and roots extract indicates the existence of flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, tannins, phenolics steroids and carbohydrates but deficient of proteins. In minimum inhibitory concentration assay, the crude methanolic extracts showed significant inhibitio...
Geeta Moolchandani1, Jaiperkash Moolchandani2*, Nasima Iqbal3,
Syed Mohsin Turab4, Muhammad Kashif5 and Lubna Farooq6
...e of labor (29%), vacuum extraction (23.4%), premature delivery (25.5%) and intrauterine growth retardation (16.6%). Overall, 95.2% neonates were identified to have one or more of these contributing factors. Stratified analysis showed that over all neonates of female gender were associated with having more frequency of HIE. Maternal anemia was found to be significantly associated with the occurrence of HIE. The frequency of HIE risk increased with increasing m...
Nael Abutaha, Fahd A. AL-Mekhlafi*, Khalid Elfaki Ibrahim,
Mohammed S. Al-Khalifa and Mohamed A. Wadaan
...x pipiens larvae. Hexane extract was prepared from the fruit. The secondary metabolites were identified using phytochemical analysis and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The cytotoxic effect was also evaluated using normal human umbilical endothelial cells (HUV-EC). The larvicidal assay was performed on the third instar stage as recommended by WHO. The phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, sterols, and phenolic compounds. The GC...
Aalaa S. Saad1*, Taghreed H. A. Ali2, Nayerah Alatfeehy3, Dalia Elmasry4
...e the effect of propolis extract (PE) and propolis nanoemulsion (PN) on L. monocytogenes, its toxins’ expression, and the sensory qualities of breaded chicken panne during chilled storage. The 30% PN concentration had a size of 19.783 nm and a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index: 0.253) with a distinct chemical composition. PE’s minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 50 and 25 mg/mL, while PN’s was 150, 75, and 37.5 mg/mL. The ...
Wisnu Jaka Dewa1,2, Ekowati Handharyani3*, Sri Purwaningsih4, Silmi Mariya5
...d with red snail ethanol extract 125, 62.5 and 31.25 ppm concentration. mesenggerRNA (mRNA) was isolated from WiDr cells using a commercial kit. The mRNA concentration was then measured with a UV-Vis microvolume spectrophotometer at 260/28 nm. Relative expression of bax and bcl-2 to house keeping gene GAPDH was measured on a real time PCR machine. Relative gene expression was calculated using the ΔΔCt method. The result showed that bax gene express...
Nasir Shah1,4, Muhammad Ibrahim1*, Zarnosh Habib2, Kalsoom3 and Zahir Shah4
...peach fruit fly to plant extracts having insecticidal properties. Extract of three native plant species (Azadirachta indica, Zataria multiflora, Achillea santolina) and their various concentration (2, 1, and 0.5%) were used for the purpose. Firstly, the artificial diet of fruit flies was subjected to these treatments, while on the other hand chikoo fruits which were used for flies to settle on, were dipped in same concentrat...
Riaz Alam1*, Muhammad Sajid2, Imtiaz Hussain3, Gulzar Ullah1, Hussain Shah3, Muhammad Arshad Farooq3 and Rashid Muhammad4
...align: justify;">The oil extracted from Manzanilla, Picual, Ottobratica, Pendolino, and Frontoio olive cultivars were assessed for quality attributes at various stages of harvesting, i.e., Lemon green, Semi-ripe and Ripe. The extracted oil from Manzanilla fruits has lower Peroxide Value (POV) (3.21 meq kg-1) with high chlorophyll (4.58 mg L-1) as well as Phenol (616.67 mg kg-1) contents. The extract<...
Muhammad Akram1, Anirban Mandal2*, Mehwish Iqbal3, Arindam Mukherjee4, Ritika Bandyopadhyay5, Surendar Rangasamy6, Rida Zainab1, Muhammad Talha Khalil1, Pragnesh Parmar7 and Umme Laila1
...ional antibiotics. Plant extracts can be good alternative in day-to-day illness instead of antibiotics misuse. Complementary and alternative medicines are good option for treatment of routine ailments. Complexes and constituents with antiviral activity exists in numerous plants, for instance, rutin, a flavonoid glycoside generally found in a range of botanicals, is efficient against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), and ...
Noor A. Namaa*, Hayder A.N. Al-Zamely
...te the impact of Ginseng extract and Ginseng nanoparticles on the level of total protein in testicular tissues utilizing the two assays of Western blotting and Bicinchonic Acid. A total of 60 Wister rats were chosen, prepared, and divided equally into three groups: T1, T2, and negative control, which received only distilled water daily and no other treatment. T1 was given a daily dose of (500 mg/kg) of Ginseng extract, while...
Alif Rahman Rohim Puarada*, Safika, Agustin Indrawati
..., Indonesia. The DNA was extracted using the DNeasy Power Soil Pro Kit. A shotgun metagenomic sequencing process from the MGI DNBSEQ-G400 platform was carried out to obtain DNA sequence data from the genes in the sample. The resulting DNA sequence data were then analyzed using MEGAN6 software using the SEED subsystem. The investigation reveals a notable abundance of AMR genes, with bacitracin resistance standing out prominently, particularly associated with th...
Sara Brikat, Mouloud Lamtai*, Miloud Chakit, Laila Ibouzine-Dine, Ilhame Fitah, Oumaima Abouyaala, Abdelhalem Mesfioui, Aboubaker El Hessni
...to assess the methanolic extract of Curcuma longa (Curc) and losartan on memory impairment induced by a high fructose diet (HFD) in Wistar rats. 36 female Wistar rats aged 2 months and weighing 74 to 100 g were randomly divided into 6 groups as follows: 2 groups would receive a standard diet which a group serve as control and a group receive 100 mg/kg/d of Curc and 30 mg/kg/d of Losartan (Curc + Los), 4 groups would receive the high HFD diet: one group serve a...
Cut Intan Novita1,2, Kartini Eriani3, Amalia Sutriana4, Tongku Nizwan Siregar5,6*, Ni Wayan Karja7
...fect of bovine pituitary extract (BPE) supplementaion to vitrification media. A total of 18 ovaries were usedwhich was divided into two groups: the vitrification medium group without Bovine Pituitary Extract (BPE, GibscoTM) (1 ml PBS + 0.5 M sucrose + 30% ethylene glycol) and with BPE addition (1 ml PBS + 0.5 M sucrose + 30% ethylene glycol + BPE 30 μg/mL). Each group was separated into three vitrification times of 0, 7, ...
Ahmed K. Fahd*, Ali H. Saliem
Tayfun Karatas1*, Betul Apaydın Yıldırım2 and Serkan Yıldırım3
...tive effects of tea leaf extract (TLE) (Camellia sinensis) against cypermethrin (CMN)-induced toxicity in gill and liver of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). CMN exposure led to increase in aspartate aminotransferase (AST), serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and reduction in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities, glutathione (GSH), total immunoglobulin (T. Ig), and white blood cell (WBC) levels. Moreover, ...
Zaryab Murad1*, Sobia Bibi1, Shehr e Yar Ahmad1, Mohsin Ali Khan1, Rimsha Sadaf2, Mauz ul Haq1, Umair Manan1 and Muhammad Younas2
...n rice plants as AB-DTPA extractable Cd, shoot and grains Cd (Ck: 18, 2.5 and 1.1 mg/kg, 4% BC: 66, 0.9 and 0.5 mg/kg). Therefore, biochar is recommended for better crop growth under toxic metals polluted soil....
Wafa’a Mohammad Abduwhab1*, Waseem Ali Hasan2, Mohanad Abdulsataar AL-Bayati3*
...crystal nature of active extract substances, with good entrapment% and loaded efficiency %, and improving the wound healing of burn wound.
Keywords | Pumpkin seed oil, lidocaine, Phytosome, Nanotechnology, Burn wound, herbal medicine, antioxidants and biochemical indices.
...
Sandriana J Nendissa1,2, Meta Mahendradatta3, Zainal3, Februadi Bastian3
...acourtia inermis) tannin extract. The study employed four control treatments (C0), treatment 1 (C1), treatment 2 (C2), and treatment 3 (C3) with sequential levels of Tomi-tomi fruit extract, namely 0, 1, 1.5, and 2% of the total weight of fish meatball. Data analysis revealed that the addition of Tomi-tomi fruit tannin extract concentration was effective in enhancing the quality of tuna fi...
SYED MUJTABA HAIDER1, KHIZAR HAYAT BHATTI1*, EJAZ HUSSAIN SIDDIQI1, SYED MAZHAR IRFAN1,`2, & ALLAH BAKHSH GULSHAN2
..., methanolic and aqueous extracts of Aloe vera L. against six bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus pyogenes; Shigella sonnei; Escherichia coli (1) (4C11); Escherichia coli (2) (ATCC 13048) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae). Agar well diffusion method was applied to assess the antibacterial activity of these extracts. Their antibacterial activities were associated with typical chemical like gentamicine (antibiotic...
MAHRUKH SHAHID1, KHAJISTA JABEEN1* & SUMERA IQBAL1
... used to prepare biochar extract of which various concentrations were experienced in-vitro against tested fungal strain. All the applied concentrations of methanol extract i.e. 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7% and 8% effectively inhibited F. oxysporum growth. However, 7% and 8% concentrations were proved to be most efficient in retarding the test fungus growth upto 15%. Partitioning of biochar methanolic e...
ZARYAB KHALID SIAL & FARAH KHAN
...nts in Pakistan. RNA was extracted and purified using optimized Trizol reagent and RNeasy Miniplant Kit. The RNA obtained was converted into cDNA on the same day and amplified. The identification of PSTVd was carried out by Sequencing and BLAST. The advanced optimized Rapid Trizol reagent method was comparatively found best and reproducible as compared to the second method. The Sequencing and BLAST confirmed the presence of Pakistani PSTVd (Accession # MK.3035...
Wesam Jasim Hansh
...l study. Genomic DNA was extracted from 30 Fasciola flukes (15 from cows and 15 from buffaloes) and used to amplified the 28S rRNA gene and amplicons were sequenced. Based on the morphological study and sequences analysis of 28S rRNA gene (618 bp), all Fasciola flukes were identified as Fasciola gigantica with 99 – 100% similarity in the current study when compared with other international samples in the GenBank. 7 sequences of 28S rRNA gene of F. gigent...
Jaime Vera Chang1, Arianna Torres Coronel2, Luis Vásquez Cortez2,3, Kerly Alvarado Vásquez2,3 and Frank Intriago Flor4*
SYED SHAHID IMRAN BUKHARI1*, IQRA AZAM1, MUDDASIR HASSAN ABBASI1, MEERAB DAUD1, NADEEM SHEIKH2, ANDLEEB BATOOL3, RABIA MAHMOOD2 & MARYAM MUKHTAR2
...lly and then livers were extracted after 3, 6 and 12 hours. All the samples were processed for gel run and thermo cycler program, which revealed alterations in the expression of hepatic mRNA (IL-6) in all loads equally confirmed by the results of housekeeping gene β-actin. Gel analysis showed changes in the folds of IL-6 in hepatic mRNA compared to control. These finding led to the conclusion that Alloxan can induce an APR, which is evident by rise in exp...
ASIFA BASHIR1, AAMIR MUSHTAQ2* & TOOBA MEHBOOB3
...emic patients. Ethanolic extract of its dried fruits was analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively for evaluation of phytochemical agents. Then its antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities were found. The results indicated the presence of carbohydrates, tannins, phenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, amino acids and proteins in crude extract with phenolic and flavonoid contents observed as 9.9 mg/g equiva...
MUBEEN RIAZ1, KIRAN ZAHID1, SUMAIRA ASLAM CHOHAN1, MUHAMMAD ASHFAQ*2, MUHAMMAD ALI2, RIFFAT SIDDIQUE1, NUDRAT ANEES1 & FARAH KHAN1
...aCl stressed plants, the extracted DNAs were subjected to RAPD markers, using PCR amplification. For this purpose a total of seven primers viz, OPH_01_F, OPH_01_R, OPH_01_RC, OPI_05_R, OPI_05_RC, OPG_10 and OPC_06 were used. PCR amplification was followed by gel electrophoresis (1.2% agarose gel) and visualized by UV light, which revealed the presence of monomorphic and polymorphic bands in the amplified products. During this analysis, two primers (OPH_01_F an...
ABRAR HUSSAIN1, AQSA KHALIL1, SAIRA ZAHEER1, MUHAMMAD LATEEF2 & MUHAMMAD MANSHA1
...then the crude ethanolic extract (CEE) was prepared. Adult motility assay (AMA) was carried out on adult Haemonchus contortus to analyze the anthelmintic efficacy of CEE of the whole plant and the leaves of Tribulus terrestris L and Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. The motility of insects was assessed at concentration of 2, 4, 6 & 8 mg/ml after 2, 4, 6 & 8 hours of post treatment and dead worms were noted. The 8mg/ml concentration of CEE of Tribulus terrestris...
SHAHZADA NADEEM ABBAS1, KIRAN JAMSHED1, SARAH BUSHRA NASIR2,
SAMAN SHAHID3 & NASIR MAHMOOD4
...e aqueous and methanolic extracts of Nigella sativa and Ficus carica seeds were used against bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli) and Fungi (Candida albicans, Fusarium oxysporium and Microsporum canis) to check their antimicrobial activities. For antibacterial assays, the volume and concentrations of extracts used were 0.5 μl (62.5 μg), 1 μl (125 μg), 5 μl (625 μg) and 10 μl (1250 μg)...
MARIAM ZAHEER*1, SYED SHAHID IMRAN BUKHARI2, MUDDA
...synthesis, fermentation, extraction and applications of exopolysaccharides....
UMER YOUNAS, SHAHID IQBAL* & JAMSHED AKBAR
...of different solvents on extraction of antioxidants from M. nigra leaves have been studied. Initially, samples were dried using different drying procedures (shade, oven and microwave drying) and extracted using different solvents (ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol) in combination with microwave-assisted extraction technique. Antioxidant potentials of extract
MUHAMMAD NADEEM1, MUHAMMAD WASEEM MUMTAZ1&MUHAMMAD DANISH1
...ultrasonication assisted extraction followed by comprehensive investigation of antioxidant activity and α-amylase inhibition potential of hydroethanolic leaf extracts of Vitexnegundo. Freeze drying assisted ultrasonicated extraction revealed highest level of total phenolic contents (258.29±2.52 mgGAE/g DE) and total flavonoid content (155.91±1.75 mgRE/g DE) in 60% hydro...
HAFIZ MUHAMMAD ARSALAN1,2*, SUMMARA TABASSUM1, MUHAMMAD SHERAZ YASIN3, FAROOQ SALEEM4, ZEEMAL SEEMAB AMIN1, MUNIB ASHFAQ1, UMAR FAROOQ GOHAR5 & RASHIDA BASHIR6
... present study ethanolic extract of Piper betle leaf was used (300 mg/kg). Diabetes was induced in male albino rats by using Alloxan (150 mg/kg). Glutathione (GSH), Catalase (CAT), Malondialdehyde (MDA), Nitric oxide (NO), micronutrients (Vitamin A, Vitamin C and Vitamin E), serum glucose level and Advance glycation end products (AGE’s) were estimated. The results showed that levels of the Malondialdehyde (0.087, 0.151 and 0.104 respectively), Advance gl...
UZMA PARVEEN1, MASROOR ELLAHI BABAR1*, NIDA BABAR2, TAHIRA MUGHAL3 & AKHTAR ALI1
...gave typical births. DNA extraction technique was applied. Primers were designed, amplified by PCR and RFLP were performed to identify the TNF–alpha -308 and -238 polymorphisms. The frequencies of TNF-alpha -308 genotype TNF GG, GA and AA were 37%, 10% and 3% with measurably estimation of 0.07039 (P<0.05) as indicated by HWE for the preterm and postterm conveyances while for the typical one proportion of GG, GA and AA were of 5%,10% and 5% with factua...
*AMNA SHOAIB, AROOJ SHEZAD, ARSHAD JAVAID, SUNDUS AKHTAR & ZOIA ARSHAD AWAN
...vitro, methanolic leaves extract of R. sativus significantly decreased pathogen biomass by 6-96% and three Trichoderma species also caused significant inhibition in pathogen growth variably between 30-100%. In potted soil, application of separate or combined application of myco- and phyto-fungicides proved highly efficient in managing collar rot disease. However, combined effect of T. harzianum or T. viride + leaves biomass of R. sativus found more promising i...
Olaolu Fadeyi1,2, Oluwatoyin Fabiyi3*, Tesleem Bello4 and Gabriel Olatunji5
...e use of different plant extracts with known pesticidal properties. This current research was conducted to determine the nematicidal status of Anacardium occidental fractions. Analysis of ethanol extract of A. occidentale using gas chromatography spectrometry revealed the presence of several phyto constituents such as phenol, triterpenoids, flavonoids and other bio-active compounds. The array of fatty acid esters revealed in...
Ngoc Tan Nguyen1*, Thi Tuong Vi Trang1, Thi Thuy Tien Nguyen2, Tuan Thanh Hoang2, Duc Thoa Nguyen2
...n at 38 weeks of age was extracted from whole blood samples of 393 VLV chickens. The 24 bp indel/PRL target gene was amplified by PCR and the product was separated by electrophoresis on 2% agarose gel for genotyping. Polymorphism was observed at the 24 bp PRL/indel locus, showing two alleles I and D with frequencies 0.57 and 0.43, respectively and three genotypes (II, ID, and DD) with frequencies 18.3, 49.4, and 32.3%, respectively. Hens with the DD genotype h...
Nurcholis1*, Syetiel M. Salamony1, Abdullah Baharun2
...the effect of Myrmecodia extract (MYE) supplementation, which has high antioxidants, on semen diluent during the cooling to cryopreservation process. Specifically, five PO bulls aged four years were collected using an artificial vagina (AV) twice weekly at the Semangga District Animal Health Center from August to September 2023. Semen diluted to a minimum of 25 million/mL is packaged in 0.25 mL straws. Treat Andromed® as a comparison, P0 tris egg yol...
Shama Sadaf1*, Ayesha Saeed1, Komal Hassan1, Zeeshan Ahmad2 and Maha Naeem Butt1
Bilal Saeed Khan1*, Muhammad Aneeb Shahzad1, Muhammad Irfan Ashraf2, Zahid Mahmood Sarwar3, Muhammad Farooq4 and Awias Rasool5
...pellency of leaf aqueous extracts i.e., Melia azedarach (Bakain), Nicotiana tabacum L. (Tobacco), Eucalyptus globulus Labill (Eucalyptus), Moringa oleifera L. (Moringa) and Mentha piperita L. (Peppermint) against two major sucking pests i.e. aphid (Sitobion avenae F.) and two-spotted spider mites (Tetranychus urticae Koch) and their natural enemies such as ladybird beetle (Coccinella septempunctata Linnaeus) and predatory mite (Amblyseius andersoni Chant). The...
Tianhoun Denté Fidèle1,2*, Meda Nãg-Tiéro Roland2, Zabré Geneviève3, Koama Benjamin2, Kaboré Adama1, Tamboura H. Hamidou1, Bélem Adrien Marie Gaston4
...aqueous and hydroacetone extracts of Combretum micranthum leaves on the parasite Haemonchus contortus. Following phytochemical assay, five increasing concentrations (0.6; 1.2; 2.4; 4.8 and 9.6 mg/ml) of the two extracts were prepared and tested for egg hatching and larval development in the presence of positive (Albendazole) and negative (PBS) controls. Aqueous and hydroacetonic extracts o...
Iqtidar Hussain1*, Muhammad Inam Ullah Qaisrani1, Abdul Aziz Khakwani1, Zuhair Hasnian2, Umar Khitab Saddozai1, Muhammad Naeem4, Hadia Gul5 and Moneeza Abbass3
...ng effects of parthenium extracts at low concentrations have also been reported in certain crops. A laboratory experiment was carried out to evaluate the germination and germination indices of maize with estimation of maize growth infested with parthenium allelopathy. This trial was conducted Completely Randomized Design with 3 replications. Parthenium dry powder (5, 10, 15, and 20 %) mixed with soil produced variable responses regarding seed germination and s...
Abeer Alahmari1,2*
...ctivity of aqueous myrrh extract (AME) on oxidative stress-dependent nephrotoxicity caused by ethanol in rats. Male Sprague‒Dawley rats orally received 40% ethanol (3 g kg-1) and were then orally treated with (500 mg kg-1) AME daily for 30 days. Kidney function, oxidant and antioxidant status, and histopathology alterations in renal tissue were measured. Animals that received ethanol displayed nephrotoxicity, as confirmed by markedly increased serum creati...
Ahmed Kareem Kadhim Al-Wasmee1, Waddah Salam Hassone2, Hawraa Talib Al-Janabi3, Hamed AH Al-Jabory1
...zer set at -20oC for DNA extraction. This genomic DNA purification was used following the instructions provided in the kit to extract the parasite DNA. The results revealed that the rates of infection of calves with T. anullata in Babylon Province were 36/90. The infection rate of T. anullata was recorded for females (47.5%) and males (34 %). Results showed that the highest infection rate (62.5%) was recorded at the <1 M,...
Shah Zeb Khan1, Ali Hazrat1*, Farman Ali Khan2, Muhammad Yahya1, Gul Rahim1, Muhammad Mukhtiar3, Muhammad Ajmal Khan4 and Hayat Ullah1
...tions by solvent-solvent extraction. In phytochemical tests of roots fractions; HR showed the presence of terpenoids, while saponins, alkaloids and flavonoids were detected in CR. EtR was enriched in terpenoids and phenols and the butanol fraction (BR) contained terpenoids and flavonoids. Similarly in stem fractions; HS contained alkaloids and phenols while terpenoids and Phenols were present CS. EtS showed the presence of flavonoids, while butanol fraction (B...
Wajid Ali1, Muhammad Noman Khan1*, Ghulam Nabi1, Shahid Ur Rahman1, Saira Sattar2, Muhammad Fawad Khan1, Saeed Ur Rahman1, Sayed Zubair1, Qurat Ul Ain1, Muhammad Sabeeh1 and Afsar Ali3
...o;Effect of Moringa leaf extract and its solution application forms on growth and yield of okra” was carried out at Agriculture Research Institute North Mingora, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan in the year 2019. Current study was consisted of two factors and was carried out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Factor ‘A’ was solution application forms i.e. fresh Moringa leaf extract<...
Arshad Javaid1* and Iqra Haider Khan
...t and flower
extracts (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0%) of the weed was checked on germination
and growth of the target weed. Leaf and stem extracts showed the best herbicidal activity
and a 2.5% extract of the each plant part completely inhibited germination of parthenium
seeds. The lowest extract
Rahamdad Khan1, Abdul Basit, Syed Majid Rasheed* and Syed Salim Shah
...tor B consisted of water extracts from root, stem and leaf of invasive
weeds; Parthenium hysterophorus and Xanthium strumarium. Distilled water was used as
control for comparison. Data were recorded for germination (%), seedlings length (cm),
shoot weight (g) and root weight (g). It was evident from the results that maximum
germination (100 %), Seedling length (7.6 cm), shoot weight (164.88 g) and root weight
Nimra Javaid1, Mukhtar Hussain Shah1, Iqra Haider Khan2, *Arshad Javaid2 and Syed Muhammad Waleed1
...6, 8 and 10%) of aqueous extracts of various parts of the tested weed were used in laboratory bioassays. ANOVA revealed the significant effect of plant part bioassay and extract concentration on germination as well as various root and shoot growth parameters. Leaf extract was found as the most herbicidal where a 10% extract completely inhibited the germi...
Muhammad Rafiq,1 Amna Shoaib,1 Arshad Javaid1
...t study, methanolic root extract of
Sonchus asper was assessed for its antifungal activity against R. solani. The methanolic
extract was prepared by soaking dried root biomass in methanol and analyzed by GC-MS.
Antifungal potential of the extract was detected in test tubes filled with malt extract broth.
Th...
Muhammad Ather Nadeem1, Bilal Ahmad Khan 1, Sadia Afzal2, Muhammad Azim
Khan3, Tasawer Abbas4, Muhammad Mansoor Javaid1, Muhammad Mohsin Amin1,
Naila Farooq5 Amir Aziz5
...n system. Use of aqueous extracts of crops is getting scientific
attention as eco-friendly alternative to synthetic herbicides especially under scenario of fast
increasing herbicide resistance in weeds. To investigate the herbicidal potential of aqueous
extract of winter crop Carthamus tinctorius L. (safflower) on summer weed Oryza punctata
L. (red rice) seed emergence and init...
Muhammad Ather Nadeem1, Bilal Ahmad Khan*1, Sadia Afzal2, Ahsan Aziz1,
Rizwan Maqbool3, Muhammad Mohsin Amin1, Amir Aziz4, Amjed Ali1, Muhammad
Adnan1, Durrishahwar5
...e
of aqueous extracts of leaves, stem and fruit of Carthamus tinctorius L. at different
concentrations(0, 0.25, 0.50, 1, 2, 4, and 8%)on Echinochloa cruss-galli L. Results revealed
that 8%concentration of aqueous extracts of all tested parts of C. tinctorius was most
phytotoxic against germination as well growth of E. cruss-galli. Maximum mean emergence
time (5.60 d...
Muhammad Ather Nadeem1, Bilal Ahmad Khan1, Sadia Afzal2, Hasnain Abbas3, Muhammad Khuram Dar3, Muhammad Ehsan Safdar1, Ishtiaq Hassan4, Muhammad Asif1, Muhammad Adnan1, Amir Aziz5
...za punctate L.). Aqueous extract of different plant parts (leaves, stem and flower) was used at various concentrations (0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 4% and 8%) along with distilled water as control. The aqueous extracts of leaves, stem and flower of P. somniferum significantly inhibited the emergence, seedling growth as well as root length (cm), shoot length (cm), fresh weight (g) and dry weight (g) of O. punctata. Maximum mean emer...
Kiran Rani1*, R. Aliya1, Barkat Ali Solangi2, M. Kashif Pervez2, Nasrullah Akhtar3 and Farman Ahmed4*
...ve efficiency of seaweed extract and dyed fabric were also investigated against human pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans and were compared with commercial antibacterial and antifungal drugs. It was found at the optimized dyeing condition has 1 percent formic acid as fixing agent with 120 min dyeing period. At this condition, the dye molecule shows 70 percent exhaustion and 59 percent fixation along with acceptable fa...
Syeda Fakehha Naqvi1, Iqra Haider Khan1 and Arshad Javaid1
... Studies have shown that extracts of this weed possess antioxidant, antimicrobial, larvicidal and nematicidal activities. In the present study, n-hexane soluble fraction of methanolic stem extract of this weed was subjected to GC-MS analysis to identify various biologically active constituents. There were 28 compounds in this fraction. Major compounds included oleic acid (16.55%), palmitic acid (11.22%), β-sitosterol (9...
Muhammad Ather Nadeem1, Bilal Ahmad Khan*1, Saima Anwar2, Hasnain Abbas3, Muhammad Yasin1, Rizwan Maqbool3, Muhammad Mohsin Amin1, Amir Aziz5, Muhammad Sikander Hayyat1, Muhammad Shozib Javed5
...ent comprised of aqueous extracts of leaf, roots and fruits applied at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8% (w/v) along with a control (0%). Data regarding seed emergence, emergence index, emergence percentage, root length, shoot length and seedling dry weight were recorded. All the tested concentrations of all the parts of S. oleraceus significantly inhibited the seed emergence, emergence index, emergence percentage (%), growth and delayed mean emergence time and time t...
Iqra Haider Khan1 and *Arshad Javaid1
...ntifungal effect of leaf extract of this weed was assessed against Aspergillus flavipes. Methanolic leaf extract of the weed was partitioned into five fractions using organic solvents of variable polarities. A range of concentrations (1.562 to 200 mg mL-1) of each fraction was used in laboratory bioassays. n-Butanol fraction showed the highest antifungal activity followed by chloroform and n-hexane fractions causing 68&ndash...
Shazia Shafique1, Sobiya Shafique1 and Sonia Sahar1
...entrations of methanolic extract of plant (0.5% to 5%) were employed against the pathogens. Data analysis depicted that development of all the pathogens was greatly inhibited by all the concentrations while 5% concentration found to be the utmost operative in subduing the growth of all the pathogens. Curvularia clavata was found to be the most susceptible among all the pathogens. In pot trials, protective assays proved more pronounced in controlling the diseas...
Muhammad Ather Nadeem1 , Bilal Ahmad Khan*1, Saima Anwar2, Ahsan Aziz1, Rizwan Maqbool3, Muhammad Kashif Sohail4, Muhammad Ehsan Safdar1, Muhammad Mansoor Javaid1, Muhammad Mohsin Amin1, Muhammad Kashif Iqbal1, Amir Aziz4
...>weed.
...
Farrukh Avais1, Anser Ali1, Hamza Javed2, Muhammad Saleem3, Tehreem Tahir4,
Muhammad Rafiq5,*
...ing 2018-2019 to isolate extracts from selected
plants (Garlic and Peppermint) to explore their tyrosinase inhibition activity. Tyrosinase is
a key enzyme of melanogenesis which determines the mammalian skin, hair and eye
colour. Hyper-pigmentation leads to various skin disorders like melasma, sunspots, age
spots and freckles. Moreover, abnormal skin pigmentation is a serious aesthetic concern
which l...
Barkatullah1, Sumayya Noreen1.Khushnood Ur Rehman1, Zahid Ali Butt2, Tabassum
Yaseen3, Kamran Akbar3, and Salma Noreen3
... The aqueous
extract was used from different parts of the plants, which include bark, fruit, leaves,
mulching, and rainwater. In all applications the growth of plumules and radicles of three
test species was retarded. It was determined that the allelopathic effect of extracts is
directly related to the duration of soaking i.e. 48 h extracts w...
*Arshad Javaid1, Syeda Fakehha Naqvi1 and Iqra Haider Khan1
...acetate fraction of root extract of C. murale were
identified. The weed plants were collected from Jehlem, Pakistan. Its roots were dried,
powdered and extracted in methanol. After evaporation of the solvent, the remaining
extract was mixed in water and partitioned with n-hexane, chloroform and finally with ethyl
acetate. The last fraction wa...
Iqra Haider Khan1, *Arshad Javaid1 and Nadeem Shad1
... fractions of methanolic extract of hemp (Cannabis sativa
L.) leaves against A. versicolor. Dried leaves of hemp were soaked in methanol for two
weeks. The material was filtered and the methanol was evaporated on a rotary evaporator.
Thereafter, water was added to the residues and the aqueous mixture was successively
partitioned with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. Different concentrations
Shabnam Javed1, Amna Shoaib2 and Zaid Mehmood1
...medicinal flora or their extracts taken orally by the trivial communities. In the
current study, different proximate parameters like carbohydrate, ash, protein, moisture
content and fat, along with carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and sulphur were analyzed in whole
plant of S. tomentosa. The results revealed the occurrence of considerable proportion of
carbohydrates (52%) and protein (23.80%). Moisture, fat and ash con...
Shabnam Javed1 and Amna Shoaib2
...mentosa using methanolic extracts and fractions (n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl
acetate and water) against three cancer cell lines (lung A-549, hepatocellular HepG2and
urinary bladder EI-138). Cytotoxic assays were carried out with five concentrations (0.05,
0.01, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.5 mg mL-1) of methanolic extract and its subfractions through MTT
assay [3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-...
Muhammad Saleem Chang*[1], Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro2, Zulfiqar Ali Abbasi4, Jay Kumar Sootaher*3, Piar Ali Shar3, Kashif Ali Buriro2, Nadia Mangrio5, Zafarullah Channa3
... + Purple nutsedge water extract at 15 liters ha-1 (45 Day after sowing). The barley crop’s results revealed that maximum tillers (355.6 m-2), plant height (106.3 cm), spike length (11.5 cm), grains spike-2 (47.3), seed index (51 g), biological yield (11737 kg ha-1), grain yield (4493 kg ha-1) and harvest index (41.9%) were recorded under T7 = Puma super 7.5% emulsifiable water at 0.625 li...
Muhammad Sikander Hayyat1*, Muhammad Ehsan Safdar1, Muhammad Mansoor
Javaid1
...irst experiment, aqueous extracts from various
plant parts of red sprangletop (stem, root, leaves, flower and entire plant) at their 5% (w/v)
concentration were applied to germinating rice seeds. In second experiment, soildecomposed
red sprangletop plant residues of variable concentrations (2, 4 and 6% w/w)
were used as germination media for rice. Among plant parts, red sprangletop leaves showed
maxim...
*Malik F. H. Ferdosi1, Iqra Haider Khan2, Arshad Javaid2 and Muhammad F. A. Fardosi3
...iltered. This methanolic extract was subjected to GC-MS analysis and 7 compounds were identified. These included olean-12-en-3-ol, acetate, (3β)- (63.87%), lanosta-8,24-dien-3-ol, acetate, (3β)- (12.12%), β-amyrin (6.19%), γ-sitosterol (6.09%), α-amyrin (5.24%), stigmasterol (3.29%) and carbonic acid, 2-ethylhexyl heptadecyl ester (3.16%). Literature survey showed that these compounds possess anti-inflamatory, antimicrobial, antidiab...
*Malik F. H. Ferdosi1, Arshad Javaid2, Iqra Haider Khan2, Muhammad F. A. Fardosi3 and Ayesha Munir4,5
...ed powdered flowers were extracted in methanol and the extract was examined by GC-MS. In total, eight constituents were identified in the extract. The predominant compound in the methanol flower extract was precocene II (59.50%). Three moderately abundant compounds including ethanone, 1-(7-hydroxy-5-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-yl)- (9.77%), pr...
Muhammad Ather Nadeem1, Bilal Ahmad Khan1*, Saima Anwar2, Rizwan Maqbool3, Mohsin Amin1, Amir Aziz4, Iram Batool3, Athar Mahmood3, Abdul Rehman1, Aafaq Ali5, Aneela Nijabat5
...n system. Use of aqueous extracts of weed is getting scientific attention as eco-friendly alternative to chemical herbicides especially under scenario of fast increasing herbicide resistance in weeds. To investigate the herbicidal potential of aqueous extract of winter weed of Sonchus oleraceus L. (sow thistle) on summer weed Oryza punctata L. (red rice) seed emergence and initial seedling growth, the present study was plann...
Muhammad Nasir Mazhar1, Muhammad Arif*, Naeem Akhtar1 and Muhammad Shafiq1 and Muhammad Yousaf1
...nic mulching, eucalyptus extract, neem extract, clodinafop, bromoxynil + MCPA and clodinafop + bromoxynil + MCPA including control. Results of the experiment showed that hand weedings, combined application of clodinafop + bromoxynil + MCPA and mulching significantly reduced the weeds density, fresh and dry weight of weeds. However, covering the soil surface with the organic mulch may have a great impact on the growth and yie...
Muhammad Ather Nadeem1, Bilal Ahmad Khan1* Sadia Afzal2, Rizwan Maqbool3, Hasnain Waheed1, Aneela Nijabat4, Muhammad Ikram5, Amir Aziz6, Muhammad Adnan1, Qaisar Mehmood7, Hasnain Umer3
...mong them use of aqueous extracts of crops is an imperative method. In this method allelochemicals present in crop plant help in suppressing or inhibiting weeds. Therefore, this study was planned to investigate the allopathic potential of aqueous extract of winter crop Papaver somniferum (opium) on summer weed Echinochloa cruss-galli (barnyard grass. The experiment comprised of seven concentrations (0, 0.25, 0.50, 1, 2, 4, a...
Ali Bouzekri1,2*, Souheila Slimani1,2, Meryem Nassar1,2, Souad Zaaboub3 and Nora Sakhraoui1
...ve effects of methanolic extract of Tribulus terrestris (TT) against Spirotetramat (SPT) induced reproductive toxicity in adult male domestic pigeons (Columba livia domestica). For ten consecutive weeks and under an artificial photoperiod (19L: 5D), thirty male pigeons weighing approximately 309,20 ± 14,41g were divided equally into six groups as follows: CT served as the control, SPT group orally given with 15 mg/kg BW/day, TT100 and TT50 groups orally...
Wagner Antonio Gorozabel Muñoz1*, Mayra Jossenka Loor Solórzano1, Josselyn Gema Palacio Intriago1, Virginia Vanessa Andrade Andrade1 and Carlos Alfredo Cedeño-Palacios1,2
...ts showed that the flour extracted from macer squash reached better averages in terms of fat 8.35 %; ash content of13.45 %; moisture 24.39 % and protein 17.70 %; the flour from vermilion squash reached better results in terms of FDN 19.76 % and FDA 8.16 %, the best carbohydrate content was for the flour obtained from pepo squash with a content of 33.85 %. All three varieties of flour showed antioxidant capacity, reaching a higher average for the flour of vermi...
Liyun Chang1*, Yumei Cai1, Chenghui Li1 and Jianhua Qin2*
...ion, respectively, after extracting the total DNA from fresh tissues of immunized chickens, the 3-1E gene was amplified by PCR, the serum IgG antibody was detected by routine ELISA, peripheral blood lymphocyte proliferation response was evaluated by cell proliferation assay. The results showed that a target band of 583 bp was obtained by PCR in DNA vaccine PLGA microspheres group at 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th, 35th day post-injection. No 3-1E gene target band was f...
Eman Ali Hussein1*, Majdy Faisal Majeed2
...-graecum (TFG) flavonoid extract could protect the kidneys from the effects of (SZ). The goal of the current study was to determine if the ethanolic extract of (TFG) exhibited antioxidant activity against nephropathy resulting from the effects of diabetes due to (SZ). Animals in groups 2, 3, 4, and 5 were employed as experimental groups, whereas rats in group 1 received orally gavages of tap water and served as negative cont...
Claude Mona Airin1*, Miyayu Soneta Sofyan2, Galy Hardyta3, Khrisdiana Putri4, Pudji Astuti1
... hours, and 80% methanol extraction followed by Enzyme Immuno Assay (EIA) analysis on cortisol, T3 and T4 levels carried out. Other data, such as the number of visitors, mileage, and number of horse riders, are also recorded. The average daily cortisol level during the low season is 392.41 ng/g dry feces, with a total visitor count of 21 without tourists riding horses. Meanwhile, the peak session reached 413.56 ng/g dry feces with 759 visitors and 12 tourists ...
Wali Muhammad Mangrio1*, Faheem Ahmed Jatoi1, Hakim Ali Sahito1, Fahmeeda Imdad Sahito2, Bhugro Mal3 and Naseem Qureshi4
...zadirachta indica leaves extract, (T3)= Calotropis gigantea leaves, (T4) = Citrullus colocynthis fruit were applied against B. amydraula population and (T5)= as control. The result revealed that neem oil caused maximum larvae reduction % in all three replications at (50.25%), (43.30%), (34.04%) overall (42.53%) in both years. Neem leaves extract (40.95%), (35.83), (34.08) overall (36.95%). C. gigantea (30.43%), (23.60%), (22...
Siti Zubaidah1, Chusnul Hanim2, Bambang Ariyadi3, Aji Praba Baskara2*, Zuprizal2
...protein (CP), ash, ether extract (EE), nitrogen-free extract (NFE), crude fiber (CF), total energy, amino acids (AAs), and fatty acids (FAs). In this study, the chemical composition was analyzed T - test student, while AAs, FAs, and cell-wall structure was analyzed descriptively. The microstructure of PKC cell wall after in vitro digestibility was determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The PKC with shell contained...
Muhammad Shakil Ahmad1, Muhammad Afzal1, Liu Yu Feng2,
Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Hina Safdar3, Arif Mehmood1, Shahid Iqbal4 and Muhammad Adnan1
...cant toxicity of oil and extract formulations of neem (Azadirachta indica) causing 70–77% larval mortality in 72 h observation and exhibiting minimum medial lethal concentration (LC50) and time (LT50) values (i.e. 12.32 and 38.01 ppm and 16.67 and 11.68 days, respectively). Among microbial formulations tested, S. litura-nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) and Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki appeared as the most effective microbial treatments exhibiting mini...
MUHAMMAD AZIM KHAN,Khan Bahadar Marwat
Abid Ali Khan,Ghosia Lutfullah,Nafees Bacha,Bashir Ahmad,Zahid Hussain
Munesh Kumar , Siiolyne Siangshai
Muhammad Shahid, Bashir Ahmad, Riaz Ahmad Khattak , Gul Hassan , Haroon Khan
Muhammad Numan,Shabeer Jan,Muhammad Luqman,Zafar Iqbal,MUDASSAR IQBAL,Saiqa Jabeen,Muhammad Amin,Sartaj Alam,Sana Irshad Khan
IMRAN KHAN,Faisal Khan,Abdul Rab,Haq Nawaz,SHAD KHAN KHALIL
Salman Zahid,Abdul Rab,Muhammad Asim,Hina Fayyaz,Muhammad Rabnawaz Khan,Faisal Khan,SHAD KHAN KHALIL,IMRAN KHAN,Haneef Raza
Subhan ud Din,Rahamdad Khan,IJAZ AHMAD KHAN,MUHAMMAD WAQAS,Ijaz Ahmad,OBAID UR REHMAN,Muhammad Haroon,Muhammad Ramzan
Yoshiharu Fujii,RAZA ULLAH,Zahir Ahmad Zahir,Qamar-uz-Zaman,Sairah Syed,Abdul Khaliq,Misbah-ul-Islam,Zubair Aslam,Muhammad Zahid Ihsan
SHAD KHAN KHALIL,Abdul Rab,Faisal Khan,Syed Junaid Ahmad,IMRAN KHAN,Akhtar Ali,Izhar Ali
Sairah Syed,EJAZ AHMAD KHAN,IQTIDAR HUSSAIN,ASGHAR ALI KHAN,MUHAMMAD MANSOOR
Muhammad Nabeel,Ali Ahsan Bajwa,Sehrish Sadia,Wahaj Nafees,SHAHIDA KHALID
Sobiya Shafique, Rukhsana Bajwa, Arshad Javaid and Shazia Shafique
MUHAMMAD AKBAR,Arshad Javid
Inayat Ullah Awan, Mohammad Azam Khan, Muhammad Zareef , Ejaz Ahmad Khan
M. Farooq,G. Haider,K. Jabran,A. Khaliq,S.M.A. Basra,A. Razzaq, Z.A. Cheema
SHABNAM JAVED,Amna Shoaib,Arshad Javaid
Md. Nazmul Alam,Muhammad Kamal Hossain
Ejaz Ahmad Khan, M. Ayyaz Khan, H. Khalil Ahmad , Fateh Ullah Khan
Salik Nawaz Khan,SHUMAILA FAROOQ,SUMERA NAZ,GHULAM MOHY UD DIN
UZMA BASHIR,Amna Ali,MUHAMMAD SALEEM HAIDER,Naureen Akhtar
Muhammad Naseem, Muhammad Aslam, Muhammad Ansar Muhammad Azhar
SAIRA BANARAS,SHEIKH MUHAMMAD IQBAL,Arshad Javaid
RUIDAR ALI SHAH,IMTIAZ ALI KHAN
Zahid Hussain,SAJJAD AHMAD,ANEES AMIN,MUHAMMAD NAEEM,HUSSAIN ALI,GUL HASSAN
ABID SUHAIL,MUHAMMAD SALMAN,FAWAD AHMAD,FAQIR GUL,MIDRAR ULLAH,MUHAMMAD ANWAR KHAN
Muhammad Alam Zeb,Faizan Ullah,SULTAN MEHMOOD,Tahir Iqbal
Z.A.CHEEMA,M.MUBEEN,A.KHALIQ
Irshad Ur Rehman,SAEED ULLAH KHATTAK,Muhammad Kamran,Jamshaid Ahmad,Abid Ali Khan,Ghosia Lutfullah
SAEED UL HAQ,MIAN INYATULLAH,IJAZ AHMAD KHAN,MAID ZAMAN,FAZAL SAID,SAJJAD AHMAD
Jasmin Shah,FARHAT UN NISA SHEHZAD
MUHAMMAD AZIM KHAN,Subhan Uddin,MUHAMMAD ILYAS,Rahamdad Khan,Salim Shah,SAJJAD ALI
Muhammad Ayyaz Khan, Iqtidar Hussain ,Ejaz Ahmad Khan
EJAZ AHMAD KHAN,Haji Khalil Ahmad,FATEH ULLAH KHAN,Muhammad Ayaz Khan,HAJI HIMYAT ULLAH KHAN
SHUMAILA FAROOQ,MAKSHOOF ATHAR,Salik Nawaz Khan,SUMERA NAZ
JEHAN BAKHAT,SHAZMA ANWAR,MUHAMMAD SHAFI,MUHAMMAD AMAN KHAN,WAJID ALI SHAH
Muhammad Azim Khan, Khan Bahadar Marwat, Gul Hassan , Z. Hussain
Arshad Iqbal,ASIM MUHAMMAD,Zia Ur Rahman,Irum Noreen,Fazl-e-Rabbi,Zamarud Shah
Arshad Javaid , Sobiya Shafique , Shazia Shafique
Irum Mukhtar,Sobia Mushtaq,Amna Ali,Ibatsam Khokhar,MUHAMMAD SALEEM HAIDER,SHABNAM JAVED
Wirat Phuwiwat , Watcharin Wichittrakarn , Chamroon Laosinwattana , Montinee Teerarak
Mohammad Javad Seghatoleslami , Gholam Reza Mousavi , Hossein Akbari
M E SAFDAR,A ALI,A TANVEER,M YASEEN,Z IQBAL,K JIBRAN
EJAZ AHMAD KHAN,IMAM BAKHSH,IMRAN WAZIR,Mohammad Safdar Baloch,MUHAMMAD AMJAD NADIM,ABDUL AZIZ KHAKWANI,INAYAT ULLAH AWAN,MUHAMMAD SADIQ,INAYAT HUSSAIN SHAH
Muhammad Kamran, Ali Raza, Qasim Ali, Hafiz Haider Ali and Muhammad Sohaib Chattha
Asim Iqbal, Amjad Usman, Maqsood shah and Syed Sartaj Alam
Muhammad Imran , Azhar Mehmood, Tasawer Abbas, Ali Zohaib, Naila Farooq, Irfan Rasool Nasir and Shahzad Ahmad Junaid
Shahid Sattar, Bisma Mumtaz, Bashir Ahmad and Zafar Iqbal
Khan Sher , Ali Hazrat, Muhammad Nisar and Asim Muhammad
Majid Ali1*, Naila Chand1, Sarzamin Khan1, Shakoor Ahmad2 and Muhammad Tahir3
...the effect of methanolic extract of Moringa oleifera and Thymus vulgaris on the performance, hematology, digestibility and gut health in broiler chickens. A day-old 270 broiler chicks (Ross-308) were randomly assigned to 6 treatment groups with 3 replicates and 15 birds per replicate. CON (Control) group; M100 (M. oleifera 200mg/L); T100 (T. vulgaris 300mg/L); M50T50 (M. oleifera 100mg/L and T. vulgaris 150mg/L); M75T25 (M. oleifera 150mg/L and T. vulgaris 75m...
Aftab Khan*, Yasir Khan and Saleem Iqbal
...volution (BID) method to extract the clear image from the blurred image. Traditional restoration filters require manual estimation of its parameters in the traditional restoration case. Due to this parameter adjustment, restoration filters require parameter estimation which itself is a tedious job. This study proposes a novel technique for using image fusion to dispose the restoration filter’s parameter tweaking processing. Image fusion is used to produc...
Hafiz Muhammad Farooq Yaqub1, Sehrish Firyal1, Ali Raza Awan1, Muhammad Tayyab1, Rashid Saif2, Muti ur Rehman3, Muhammad Wasim1*
Chika Bright Ikele1*, Ugwu Venita Uju1, Chioma Faith Ikele2
...rm solvents were used to extract five botanicals i.e., bitter kola (Garcinia kola), cashew leaf (Anacardium occidentale), bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina), lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) and ocimum leaf (Ocimum gratissimum) to investigate their efficacy against theronts for 24 hours. A 100 µl (480 theronts) were distributed into five groups; 0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05 and 0.1 g/ml (A-E) (for all plant extracts used) in a ...
Marah Salim Hameed1, Raad Mahmood Hussein Al Zubaidi2, Ali Ibrahim Ali Al-Ezzy3*
...aqueous versus alcoholic extracts of Melia azedarach in amelioration of lipid profile, liver enzymes and innate Inflammatory indices for white New Zealand rabbits. Thirty adult white New Zealand male rabbits were classified equally in to 3 groups, G1 were administrated 28mg/day of aqueous extract of Melia azedarach for 14 days, G2, were administrated 28mg/day of ethanolic extract of Melia ...
Kingsley O. Omeje1, Juliet N. Ozioko2, Amaechi L. Ogara2, Benjamin O. Ezema2* and Dilibe C. Urama3
...ins were detected in the extract with flavonoids (3.62 mg/QEq), glycosides (0.194 mg/100g), tannins (8.508mg/TAEq) and alkaloids (6.43%) were quantified. There was no sign of mortality or toxicity after the acute and chronic toxicity tests after 24 hr. Some hematological indices (red blood, white blood cells, packed cell volume, lymphocytes, neutrophil, mean cell volume) increased after the 28-day treatment regime. There was increase in the plasma concentratio...
Sara Brikat1*, Imane Kherrab1*, Yassine Taaifi2*, Sara Haida3, Laila Ibouzine-Dine1, Oumaima Abouyala1, Ilhame Fitah1, Abdelhalim Mesfioui1, Aboubaker Elhessni1
... potential of methanolic extract of Curcuma longa (MECL) in high fructose-treated rats. To assess acute toxicity, rats were divided into five groups treated with different doses of MECL (2000, 3000, and 4000 mg/kg) for 14 days. For the evaluation of antidepressant, antioxidant activities and memory performance, rats were randomly distributed into six groups included Control, Group (2) provided with a 23% fructose solution for one month; Group (3), administered...
Asad Sultan1, Ziaul Islam2*, Faiza Shahzadi3, Sarzamin Khan1, Rafiullah Khan1 and Ihsan Ali4
...ntation of Y. schidigera extract. The second, third and fourth groups (G2, G3, and G4) were fed with Y. schidigera extract supplementation rate of 5, 10, and 15ml/200L to drinking water, respectively. The chicks that received Y. schidigera demonstrated the best production performances as compared to the control group. The chicks that received yucca showed a significant decrease in litter nitrogen content when compared to the...
Sanam Zarif Satti1, Tanvir Ahmad Quereshi2, Mehwish Zarif3 and Iftikhar Ahmad4
...antioxidant of the plant extract might be due to the presence of total phenols and total flavonoids content. ...
Amjad Ali Ch., Mansoor Ali and Aurangzeb Ashraf Awan
... 3.49-3.99 percent ether extract (EE), 7.35-10 32 percent ash and 28.31-35.91 percent nitrogen - free extract (NFE). It should be advised on the basis of data that twigs and leaves of Acacia modesta must utilized in spring season from nutritional point of view....
Babar Khan1, Muhammad Zafar Khan2 and Garee Khan2
...n alleviated by avoiding extraction of fuel wood and timber from natural forests.
Key words: Firewood, forest conservation, Bunji, WWF, Gilgit-Baltistan ...
Muhammad Hamayoon Khan, Abid Farid, Muhammad Naeem and Fazal Syed
...centrations of neem seed extract with Trichogramma (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) was conducted at Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture (NIFA) Tarnab, Peshawar, during 2004. Among different concentrations of neem seed extract (4%, 2%, 1%, 0.5% and 0.25%), maximum mortality (68.29%) of Trichogramma was recorded with 4% neem seed extract and minimum (35.83%) with 0.25% neem seed
Muhammad Zafar Iqbal, Amjad Ali Ch., Javaid Ahsan and Shahzad Fazal
....88 - 3.62 percent ether extract (EE), 5.18 - 10.02 percent ash and 42.16 - 53.99 percent nitrogen - free extract (NFE). The data so collected suggest that leaves and twigs of Acacia nilotica can be fed to livestock due to their high contents of CP, EE, NFE and DM, CF during summer and winter respectively. ...
Syed Shahinshah Gilani, S. M. Chaghtai and Umbrin Khan
...experiments. The aqueous extracts from different dried plant parts, soaked for 48 hours, inhibited radicle growth, plumule growth and seed germination of Pennisetum glaucum cv Bari-Hairy. However, no serious inhibition of seed germination was occurred. The toxicity varied from part to part and was related to concentration and soaking duration Root exudates were highly toxic to the radicle growth followed by leaves, stem and whole plant material For the ...
Mohammad Zubair Sulemani* Mohammad Safdar Baloch** and Khalid Abdullah**
...af and litter leachates (extracts) of kikar (Acacia nilotica) on the germination of wheat (Triticum aestivum) maize (Zea mays), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), millet (Pennisetum typhodeum), sunflower (Helianthus annus), brassica (Brassica compestris) and taramira (Eruca sativa). Seed germination of all sevel crops was significantly and negatively affected due to the application of ext...
Amjad Ali Ch., Zafar Iqbal, Muhammad Afzal and Muhammad Mushtaque
Aman Ullah Bhatti, Shamsher Ali and Farmanullah Khan
..., mineral N, and AB-DTPA extractable P and K. The total number of plants were 410 in agro-forestry field and were about 5 years old Data collected on soil properties were statistically analyzed. In the field of agro-forestry, the percent co-efficient of variation (% CV) for EC (1:5) and P were 57.4 and 35.2 for surface soil and 49.8 and 72.7% for sub soil, respectively. Based on critical level for soil P. all the soil samples in both the depths were deficient,...
Ghulam Ali Bajwa and Muhammad Nawaz Rajpar
...e. Similarly, cold water extract of these plant species showed positive biological activity against D. lusca and P. obliquifasciella. After two weeks, maximum cumulative control of 57.87% and 62.96% was observed due to D. alba against D. lusca and P. obliquifasciella, respectively in the laboratory. Likewise, C. procera, C. fistula, L. camara, T. neriifolia, M. communis, S. sebiferum & the control gave 57.41, 49.54, 34...
G.A. Bajwa and H. Gul
...ortality was heavy....
Ayaz Khan Marwat, Anwar Ali and Saz Muhammad
...as it allows for limited extraction of timber and non-significant reduction in carbon stock in the forests....
Iqtidar Hussain and Adnan Noor Shah
...The Influence of aqueous extract of Eucalyptus was examined during 2018. By applying the water extract of eucalyptus to different weed species, namely Bindweed, barley, London rocket, wild safflower, Wild oat, common lambsquaters, Bird�s seed grass, Broad leaved dock and Umbrella milkweed .In addition to the control, 10 ml of dry leaf water extract was applied at intervals of 3 days for e...
Muhammad Ayaz
...of over and uncontrolled extraction. As a
result, Kuth has been listed as
Threatened with Extinctionin Appendix II of CITES. Therefore, the production and utilization of this drug plant need to be regulated through management plans and in situ and ex-situ cultivation. This on one hand will ensure sustained supply of Kuth, compatible with its survival, and on the other provide additional job opportunities for the local communities....
Hanif Gul
... trails, resistant wood
extractive trials, influence of plant stress on termites
infestation. Population assessment trial carried out in
different localities showed the species wise
distribution along with their strength. Wood resistance,
trials showed the Dalbergia sissoo, Cedrus deodara and
Acacia nilotica as the most resistant wood while
Salmalia malabarica and Populus x-euramericana were
found as the most susceptible woo...
Muhammad Rafique
... irrigated with aqueous
extract o thoroughly chopped fresh leaves, dry leaves,
fresh bark, dry bark, fruits and floral buds of
Eucalyptus camaldulensis whereas ordinary water was used
for control. Fertilizer was also applied to the wheat
crop. Effects of different parts of Eucalyptus
camaldulensis on germination percentage, number of
tillers per plant, hight of crop and yield of wheat crop
were studied which were statistically insignifica...
Javed Afzal, Abdul Sattar Alvi and Sarwat Naz Mirza
...lock
owners and by the extraction of shrubs and bushes
for fuel. Valuable grasses like Washta/Hadden
(Stipa pennata), and Granang/Rangai (Enneapogon
persicum) have almost vanished. These were the
important palatable perennial grasses representing
the climax of range ecosystem in highland
Balochistan. Now, these have been replaced by
Saba/Kaj (Chrysopogon aucheri), a sub-climax
stage in deterioration of the original cover
(Joh...
Hanif Gul and M. Ismail Chaudhry
...sease causing bacterium
extracted from various lepidopterous pests, has been
developed into commercial microbial insecticides. Many
worker such as Smirnoff (1963), Sider, (1965), Mihalache
et al. (1972), Podgwaite and Cambell (1972), Jaque
(1972), Yendal et al. (1973) and Arru (1975) tried
Bacilus thuringiensis in the form of Thuricide,
Entobacterin, Dendrobacillus and Dipel against different
forest defoliators with g...
M. Ismail Chaudhry and Ghulam Ali Bajwa
... the present study water extracts of different parts
of four drug plants Azadirachata indica, Dhatoora alba,
Melia azedarach and Calotropis procera were used to
determine their efficacy against Plecoptera reflexa
larvae, an important defoliator of shisham plantations.
In case of A. indica and M. azedarach seed powder was
used for making 10% water extract and for D. alba and ...
Shakeel Haider Zaidi, Anwar Ahmad Khan and Muhammad Muslim
...its
active constituents extracted from leaves and roots. It
is widely used in a number of pharmaceutical
preparations. In order to develop regeneration
techniques of the plant for its conservation experiments
on regeneration and cultural studies were conducted for
3 consecutive years in its natural habitat. Standardized
techniques of raising seedlings from seeds or by
root-stock were developed. The plant was successfully
regenerated in its natural hab...
Mohammad Arif Chaudhry and Ashraf Hassan Chaudhry
...of
NaCI (500mM in yeast extract-dextrose medium). This
strain gave the infective and effective results for
nodulation on the root system of C. nepalensis. The
light microscopy revealed the occurrence of seperate and
branched hyphae bearing sporangia and vesicles....
Pazir Gul and Muhammad Farooq
...>Ricinus spp....
*Sadiqa Malik, **Nazir Ahmad and **Mahmood Akram
...a stem cuttings were extracted in methanol and partitioned by descending paper
chromatography. Six color zones were observed under
UV-light. Four of the substances, at Rf values 0.06,
0.18, 0.64 and 0,9 promoted root formation in mung-bean.
The maximum of roots was produced by dark-green colored
zone located at 0.64 Rf...
Shakeel Haider Zaidi and Anwar Ahmad Khan
...its
steroidal sapogenin extracted from rhizomes and is
widely used as a precursor for synthesis of various
steroidal drugs and sex hormones. In order to develop regeneration technology and its sustained supply, a
number of long-term experiments on effect of cultural
and fertilizer requirements on growth performance of the
plants were under-taken in its natural habitat. Results
are presented in this paper....
S. M. Yasin and T. A. Qureshi
...flakes before
and after extraction with cold and hot water separately
and by mixing Portland cement at the rate of 66% of
air-dry weight of the board Physico mechanical
properties of different panels indicated that the
dimensional stability of panels containing cold water
extracted flakes was poor as compared to those
containing hot water extracted flakes. The modulus of
rupture, n...
Muhammad Hafeez and Muhammad Afzal
...nsidering two
elements, extraction of firewood and grazing of
livestock, as major factors affecting viability of
forests, they were studied with a few basic
socio-economic variables and their ultimate effect on
adjoining forests accounted. It has been concluded that
majority of the people around the Scrub Forests depend
almost entirely on state forests to meet their daily
basic needs of firewood and grazing of livestock....
Mohammad Ayaz and Gerhard Stohr
...s to suit the subsequent extraction and transportation system. The methods and means
of timber harvesting not only determine the magnitude of material to be extracted and economic gains of the operation but also the preservation of remaining stand and site....
Hanif Gul, M.I. Chaudhry M. Farooq and Rahmatullah Jan
...a Manga so far.
Wood extractives of Cedrud deodara (Roxb Ex. Lanb) G.Don inner and outer wood portions, Abies webbiana, Lindl., P. roxburghii.Sargent inner and outer portion and Platanus orientalis. L. heart woods were extracted with Acetone solvent in the soxhelt apparatus. The laboratory trails of the wood extractives revealed that termites longevity was m...
Pazir Gul, Salahuddin Khan and F. W. Khan
...rly used in medicine....
K. M. Siddiqui
... by chlorination, alkali extraction and hypochlorite bleach. Facilities for the fourth stage
were not available and therefore, a low pulp brightness of 750 GE was attained. The bleached supphate pulp was evaluated in the form of mixed furnish for the manufacture of different grades of paper and paperboard and its quality was compared with imported long fibre
pulp used for the same purpose. The strength properties of paper and board containing chir pine pulp ...
K.M. Siddiqui
...re lengthy and diameter, extractives
contents. Trees of 36 - 45 year age were found to have
most suitable wood quality for pulping purpose as
compared to those of lower and higher age groups.
...
Safia Khanum, Farrukh Hussain and Himayat Hussain Naqvi
...f Chloris. Aqueous shoot extracts inhibited radicle growth of Chloris gayana, Panicum antidotale, Pennisetum americanum and Chtysopogon aucheri. Both the species exhibited self-toxicity. The toxicity of each species depended up to the amount of material soaked, soaking duration, freshness of the material assayed and the test species used....
K.M. Siddiqui
...short of targets in both extracting timber from forests and its subsequent conversion in the saw-mill at Mirpur. The out-turn of round and sawn timber is also low and sawing operations are highly uneconomical. Since market currently prefers round timber, it is suggested that AKLASC should concentrate on its forest operations, extract all standing Timber handed over to it and sell
the same in round form. Some changes in curr...
Pazir Gul and F. W. Khan
...d livestock feed (9)....
Abdul Aziz Khan and M. Jamil Khan
... Solids were prepared by extracting chir pine bark without any
treatment as well as with 0.5%, 1.0%, and 2.0% sulphitation and thin drying the extract under reduced pressure. Pickled and deli med identical pieces of sheep and goat skins were tanned with pine and imported mimosa solids for comparative studies of light leather
producing qualities under similar tanning conditions. For production of heavy leather, depickled bu...
Nasim Akhtar, Himayat Husssain Naqvi and Farrukh Hussain
...xic root exudates, water extracts continued substances which proved to be inhibitory not only to its own growth but also to other species used in the bioassays. The toxicity in both the cases increased with increasing concentration and soaking time. Cinhrus had more allopathic potentiality than Chrysopogon. The toxicity in both the cases was species slated. The possible effect of allelopathy of these grasses is discussed in relation to the vegetation dynamics....
Abdul Ghaffar Marwat, Pazir Gul and Fazli Wahid Khan
...livestock feed (8).
...
Fazli Wahid Khan, Pazir Gul and Abdul Ghaffar Marwat
...and livestock feed.
...
Anwar Ahmad Khan and Altaf Ahmad
...istan is importing crude extract of drug plants from developed countries, although these medicinal plants are available in our country. Plants like Dioscorea deltoidea, Valeriana wallichii and Podophyllum hexandrum can be quoted as an example. Before persuading the industrialists for the establishment of pharmaceutical industries, based on our plants resources, it is a must that the quantities of important medicinal plants available i...
F. H. Shah, M. H. Sedi and B. A. Nadeem
...
Percentage of total and extractable proteins was maximum
in the first regrowth harvested at one month interval.
It then decreased with an increase in age of the crop.
Maceration of the grasses with water after pulping
increased the extractability of protein up to 183%. The
yield of the extractable protein/per hectare/per year
was up to 502 kg.
...
F. W. Khan and Pazir Gul
...constituents and solvent extractives from the Colocynth showed that the indigenous species was of good quality and can be used in the manufacture of mild mercurous chloride pills. Yield and chemical characteristics of the oil from the seed of the Indigenous species were compared favorably with those of the exotic species given in the literature. It was observed that the oil, being of
semi-drying type, can be used in cosmetics and varnish industries.
...
Bashir Hussain Shah and M. Ismail Chaudhry
... the parasitic nematodes extracted from the soil and samples of Eucalyptus saplings at Chichawatni and Garhi Habibullah. Other plant parasitic nematodes belonging to the Order Tylenchida infesting Eucalyptus roots at previous places were, Ditylenchus, Criconemoides, Aphelenchus, Aphelenchoides, Rotylenchus, Psilenchus, Tylenchus, Paurodontus, Beleodorus, and Nothotylenchus, the ectoparasitic genera belonging to the Order Dorylaimida ware Longidorus, Nygolaimus...
F. W. Khan and K.K. Niazi
...o investigated.
...
F. W. Khan, Khawas Khan and M.N. Malik
... and stillingia oil were extracted from the fruits of Sapium sebiferum Roxb. and various physico-chemical constants of these fractions determined. The separation of tallow appears feasible since it does not involve any cumbersome steps in processing....
M. A Quraishi and Manzoor Ahmad
...ed for fodder. Spirit is extracted from leaves which is used in checking the sick- ness of pregnancy. Bark is used to clean the teeth and strengthen the gums. It is also used as an astringent, anthelmintic and lactifuge. Outer bark is used as a dye in Kashmir. An oil is extracted from the fruit which is used internally as a teanicide especially for tapeworms and is a mild laxative. Externally it is used in in case of dimness...
Mohammad Hafeez
... as
Acacia modesta, Forests were surveyed for various diseases. The most destructive disease was found to be
Chir, is also extracted from the trees in small quantities. It is used in medicines as restorative (2).
Acacia modesta, Forests were surveyed for various diseases. The most destructive disease was found to be
Spongy Heart Rotcaused by Phellinus badiussyn, Fomes badius....
Sony Eka Nugraha1*, Marianne Marianne2, Rony Abdi Syahputra2, Aji Najihudin3, Nikmatul Ikhrom Eka Jayani4, Shaum Shiyan5, Nabila Nabila6,7
... activity of the ethanol extract of C. papaya leaves in rats using in silico and in vivo studies. Analysis of phytochemical compounds was carried out using GCMS and qualitative phytochemical screening. Additionally, antioxidant activity was determined by spectrophotometry. A rat model of thrombocytopenia was established by subcutaneous injection of heparin at 2000 IU/kg body weight (BW) for 10 days. After induction, rats were administered C. papaya leaves etha...
Hafsa Tauqir1, Imran Ahmad2 and Muhammad Bilal Sadiq1*
...ntent of beetroot pomace extract (BPE) under optimized extraction conditions. Beetroot pomace was further used to develop a flavored yogurt. The highest responses for DPPH inhibition (66.6%), betaxanthins (174 mg/L), betacyanins (265 mg/L) and TPC (2.78 mg GAE/g) were observed by extraction optimization. The antibacterial activity of the pomace extract w...
Ammar Abdulhasan Aldhalemi1, Murtadha Abdulhasan Aldhalemi2, Ali Joodi3, Qais R. Lahhob4*
...ploring how a ginger oil extract can improve toffee, taste, viscosity, and, last but not least, fight against mold growth in soft cheese. The goal is, however, to lengthen its shelf life and increase organoleptic values. In this experiment, ginger oil extract was being extracted and used at different ratios in soft cheese samples. This was shown by consumption test as well as Panel test wh...
Ammar Abdulhasan Aldhalemi1, Murtadha Abdulhasan Aldhalemi2, Ali Joodi3, Qais R. Lahhob4*
...ploring how a ginger oil extract can improve toffee, taste, viscosity, and, last but not least, fight against mold growth in soft cheese. The goal is, however, to lengthen its shelf life and increase organoleptic values. In this experiment, ginger oil extract was being extracted and used at different ratios in soft cheese samples. This was shown by consumption test as well as Panel test wh...
Javairia Mehboob1, Syeda Hafsa Ali1*, Fahima Ashraf Kasi1, Syeda Ayesha Ali2, Safa
Farooqi3, Muneeza Arbab4,
...
three plant extracts and utilizing it in biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles. Green Silver
nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized from 1mM Silver Nitrate (AgNO3) solution incubated
with leaf extracts of Cynara scolymus (Artichoke), Alkanna tinctoria (Alkanet), and
Lavandula angustifolia (Lavender), respectively. The synthesized nanoparticles were
characterized vis...
Muhammad Naeem Korejo1*, Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro1, Aijaz Ahmed Soomro1 and Niaz
Ahmed Wahocho2
...ss (Cynodon dactylon L.) extracts under various
irrigation levels on weed density and yield of mungbean cultivar AEM-96. The experiment
consisted of different weed control practices i.e. weedy check, various levels of sunflower /
bermuda grass extracts, herbicides and hand weeding under three irrigation frequencies (2,
3 and 4). The analysis variance showed that various weed co...
Rizwan Maqbool1, Bilal Ahmad Khan*2, Sumbal Parvez3, Muhammad Ather Nadeem2, Azhar
Hassan1, Jamshaid Qamar2, Ali Nawaz1, Muhammad Adnan2, Rafia Khalid3, Muhammad
Usman2
... The aqueous
extracts of A. officinalis L. were used on radish at different concentrations (2.5%, 5%, 10%,
20%, 40% and 80%). Data regarding seed germination and seedling growth (shoot length,
root length, shoot fresh weight, root dry weigh) of radish were recorded using standard
procedures. Results revealed that the aqueous extract of A. officinalis at higher
conce...
Rizwan Maqbool1, Bilal Ahmad Khan*2, Sumbal Parvez3, Muhammad Ather Nadeem2,
Muhammad Mughees Ud Din4, Jamshaid Qamar2, Muhammad Waqas1, Muhammad Mohsin
Amin2, Burhan Khalid1
...eplications. The aqueous extracts of C.
verum. were used on radish and wild pea seeds at different concentrations (2.5%, 5%,
10%, 20%, 40% and 80%). Data regarding seed germination and seedling growth (shoot
length, root length, shoot fresh weight, root dry weigh) of weed were recorded following
standard procedures. Results Reveals that the aqueous extract of A. officinalis at ...
Malik F. H. Ferdosi1, Iqra Haider Khan2, *Arshad Javaid2, Muhammad Nadeem3 and
Ayesha Munir4
...nolic flower
extract of C. procera was subjected to GC-MS analysis. There were 30 compounds
identified in this extract. The predominant compound was γ-sitosterol with 15.39%
peak area. Other abundantly occurring compounds included stigmasterol (9.22%),
9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-, methyl ester (9.01%), campesterol (8.63%), α-
amyrin acetate (8.25%),...
*Arshad Javaid1, Iqra Haider Khan1 and Malik F. H. Ferdosi2
...iv>profile of methanolic extract of root was assessed through GC-MS analysis and
various biologically active compounds were identified through literature survey.
There were 14 compounds in the root extract. The most abundant compounds were
γ-sitosterol (27.08%) and 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-, methyl ester (24.09%)
and hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (21.81%). Other ...
Hina Gul1, Amjad Usman1*, Karishma1 and Seema Zubair2
...al evaluation of aqueous extracts of indigenous plant extracts in
comparison with synthetic insecticide against Thrips (Scirotothrips dorsalis) on tomato was
conducted under natural field condition during spring 2019. Experiment consisted of 8
treatments (neem extract, tobacco extract, garlic e...
Hina Ilyas1, Umar Hanif2, Anser Ali1, Zahid Hassan Tarar3,Hamza Javed4, Tehreem Tahir5, Muhammad Rafiq6*
...study, methanolic (MeOH) extracts from leaves, fruit peel and pulp of Citrus bergamia (C. bergamia) and, leaves and fruit of Ficus carica (F. carica) were prepared which were further processed for fractional distillation using ethyl acetate (EA), n-hexane (n-Hx) and chloroform (CHCl3) preparing total 20 extracts aiming to test their anti-tyrosinase potential, in-vitro. Our results confirmed that all C. bergamia and F. carica...
Rizwan Maqbool1, Bilal Ahmad Khan2*, Muhammad Ather Nadeem2, Sumbal Parvez3, Muhammad Mohsin Amin2, Jamshahid Qamar2, Azhar Hassan1, Muhammd Alam Elahi1, Jamshed Haider1, Muhammad Irfan4 and Memuna Ghafoor Shahid5
...pound present in aqueous extract of bark of C. verum. The experiments were laid out under completely randomized design with three replications. The aqueous extracts of C. verum was used on radish seeds at different concentrations (2.5%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 40% and 80%). Data regarding seed germination and seedling growth (shoot length, root length, shoot fresh weight, root dry weigh) of radish were recorded following standard proc...
Zara Naeem1, Khajista Jabeen1*, Muhammad Khalid Saeed2, Sumera Iqbal1
...tions of methanolic leaf extract of Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. against target pathogenic mycotoxin producing fungal species (Trichoderma viride Pers., Trichoderma harzianum Rifai. and Cladosporium cladosporioides (Fresen.) G.A. de Vries. For this purpose, different concentrations viz. 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% of methanolic leaf extract were prepared and tested for their antifungal potential in a completely randomized design...
Tariq Ahmed Keerio1*, Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro1, Ahmed Naqi Shah1, Muhammad Ibrahim Keerio2, Ghulam Murtaza Jamro3
...mmature and mature plant extracts under various seed rates on weeds density and yield
of m aize cultivar Dadu Maize I The experiment includes different we ed control practices
i.e., control (No weeding) weeding), various levels of sorghum immature and mature plant extracts
herbicides and hand weeding under various seed rates (20, 25, 30 and 35 kg per ha )).
The results showed t...
Malik F. H. Ferdosi1, Iqra Haider Khan2, Arshad Javaid2*, Hafiz Muhammad Saeed1, Ifrayeem Butt2 and Ayesha Munir3
.... The dried flowers were extracted in methanol and subjected to GC-MS analysis that showed 7 compounds in it. The predominant compound was hexanedioic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester (48.88%) followed by γ-sitosterol (22.56%). Moderately occurring compound was cyclohexane, 1,3,5-triphenyl- (12.87%). The remaining compounds namely n-hexadecanoic acid (4.97%), pentadecanoic acid, 14-methyl-, methyl ester (3.77%), 9,12-octadecadienoic acid, methyl ester, (Z,Z...
Arshad Javaid1*, Malik F. H. Ferdosi2, Iqra Haider Khan1, Amna Shoaib1, Hafiz Muhammad Saeed2, Muhammad Abrar Ul Hassan1
...ne 2021, shade dried and extracted in pure methanol for two weeks. After filtration, the extract was analyzed by GC-MS for the identification of possible bioactive compounds. α-Amyrin was the major compound (32.49%) followed by lup-20(29)-en-3-ol, acetate, (3β)- (25.72%). Moderately abundant compounds included γ-sitosterol (8.78%), β-amyrone (7.25%), cyclohexane, 1,3,5-triphenyl- (7.01%), olean-12-en-3-...
Sumaira Abdul Raouf1, Nadia Jabeen1* and Sundus Akhtar1
... L. (black pigweed) leaf extract decreased the V. mungo germination rate (34% to 6%), seedling length (10 cm to 3 cm), fresh biomass of seedling (2.4 g to 0.94 g) and dry biomass of seedling (1.2 g to 0.47 g). Biological agent Pseudomonas sp. (PF-097) act as bioherbicide and as plant growth promoter agent to decrease the T. portulacastrum allelopathic stress and to enhance the growth of V. mungo. Amendment of Pseudomonas sp. (PF-097) increase V. mungo percenta...
Siti Fatonah*, Herman and Dewi Yuni Safitri
...ne the effect of aqueous extracts from fresh leaves of C. citratus, M. bracteata and a mixture of both on the germination and growth of Paspalum conjugatum and Borreria alata weeds.Treatments consisted of extracts of M. bracteata, C. citratus and a mixture of both extracts at various concentrations (0% or control, 20% and 60%). Spraying of the extracts s...
Muhammad Arslan Akbar1, Khalid Javed2, Asim Faraz3, Abdul Waheed3*, Ecevit Eyduran4 and Muhammad Tariq5
...al components (PCs) were extracted as PC1, PC2, and PC3. For the 0-3-month age group, PC1 showed high variance before and after rotation (44.33% and 37.68%), for 4-6-month age group, PC1 had a high value of variance as 58.45% and PC2 had 15.17%, for 7-9-month age group, three principal components were extracted with high eigenvalues (7.56) for PC1 and high variance 50.45% and for 10-12-month age group, PC1 had a high value o...
Muhammad Nadeem1, Jamshaid Iqbal2, Muneer Abbas1*, Niaz Hussain1, Muhammad Tariq Javeed1, Abdul Ghaffar1, Muhammad Irshad1, Muhammad Aslam1, Gul Rehman2 and Shahar Yar Ahsan1
... traps, neem seed kernel extract, the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana and synthetic insecticides (acephate and chlorfenapyr), were tested individually and in various combinations for managing thrips (Megalurothrips distalis). A mungbean genotype, 13TM-04, known for its comparative resistance, was chosen for these trials. The treatments, whether applied alone or in various combinations, showed significant differences in efficacy when compared with ea...
Humam T. Hadi1*, Orooba M. S. Ibrahim2
... first part involved the extraction of clove oil and the synthesis of SaAuNPs using a green synthesis method. The second part involved the induction of psoriasis in mice using 5% imiquimod cream, followed by topical application of different concentrations of SaAuNPs, clove oil, and salicylic acid. The second part evaluated the effectiveness of SaAuNPs in reducing psoriasis symptoms in mice. The findings showed that SaAuNPs had a significant (P≤0.05) anti-in...
Hafiz Muhammad Usama Shaheen1, Nasir Ahmed Rajput1*, Muhammad Atiq1, Ghalib Ayaz Kachelo1, Hadeed Ahmad1, Muhammad Wahab1, Muhammad Faran Tahir1 and Abuzar Hasnain2
... commonly available phytoextracts were explored as potentially safer alternatives to harmful synthetic chemicals for the management of brown leaf spot of rice. For the management of BLS of rice, fourty-four phyto-extracts were screened for their potency in preventing B. oryzae under in-vitro, from where only 8 most effective phyto-extracts were further investigated at different concentrati...
Rauf Khan1, Shazia Mansuri1,2*, Muhammad Abid1, Muneeba Khan2, Anjum Perveen2, Afshan Rehman3 and Rubina Noureen1
...led that all the solvent extracts contained anti-nematodal properties; however, variations in mortality rates were observed. Specifically, the chloroform extract of the leaves of P. boissieri exhibited 84% inhibitory activity against nematodes after 72 hours of exposure. The results indicated that exposure of nematodes for 72 hours resulted in the maximum nematicidal activity compared to exposures of 24 and 48 hours. It was ...
Nematode Community Structure in Musa acuminata Colla (Lakatan) Farms with Continuous Cropping System
Baby Nhor K. Ambel1*, Nneka Djen A. Matandog1, Neil Pep Dave N. Sumaya2, Florence Roy P. Salvaña1, Bryan Lloyd P. Bretaña1 and Ma. Teodora N. Cabasan1*
...unity structure. For the extraction of nematodes, soil and root samples were collected from various banana farms practicing monocropping for 2-4, 5-9 and 10-15 years. Farms with prolonged monocropping showed an increased population of plant-parasitic nematodes compared to free-living nematodes. Nematode family Hoplolaimidae was recorded as the most dominant (59.59%-80.49%) across all monocropping durations. Shannon and Simpson’s diversity indices were lo...
Lei Chu1, Jie Yang2, Zhenshi Chen2, Xiajun Zhang1, Weidong Wu3*, Shaoru Zhang2 and Lihui Wang2*
... key genes. 234 DEG were extracted from GSE9750. The uterus is the fourth organ highlighted in the concentrated analysis. The functional changes of DEGS are mainly related to cell cycle progression, cell cycle, helicase activity, DNA helicase activity, exosome and p53 signal pathway. In addition, five HUB genes and one key module were identified. Survival analysis showed that MCM2 and GINS2 were significantly correlated with overall survival. Expression analys...
Maysaa A. Jumaah*, Ali A. Al-Iedani
...l alternative (alcoholic extract of propolis and nigella oil) to current vaccine adjuvants (alum) using inactivated antigens (sonicated and whole-killed bacteria) of E. coli. We also aimed to reveal tthe nature of host innate and adaptive immune responses by measuring the extent of their effects on the level of pro-inflammatory (interferon γ and interleukins (IL)-12) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) and innate immune responses (total whit...
Sardorbek N. Turgunov, Oybek O. Amirov*, Erkinjon B. Shakarboev, Abdurakhim E. Kuchboev
...samples, genomic DNA was extracted using the head of male of P. equorum species. QIAamp DNA Mini Kit reagents (QIAGEN, Germany) were used for genomic DNA isolation. According to the results of molecular genetic study, the nucleotide sequence belonging to the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region of the ribosomal DNA of P. equorum species was analyzed, and it was found that 100% nucleotide similarity with P. equorum species (MH030605) and 95.85% similarity with the species P. ...
Aura Oktiefa Adyantono, Sugiharto Sugiharto, Daud Samsudewa*
... article selection, data extraction, statistical analysis (heterogeneity, summary effect, publication bias test) were used in this meta-analysis. Statistical analysis was supported by Open MEE and R Studio. The results show that Bos indicus have lower progesterone levels in the proestrus phase compared to their crossbred with Bos taurus, but no significant difference in other reproductive hormone levels. This also occurs in estrus activity parameters, where th...
Hind A.Norii1, Adel M.Hassen ALZobidy2*
...effects of the alcoholic extract Vitex agnus-castus on body weight gain and possible alteration of reproductive hormones in letrozole-induced PCOS induced by letrozole in adult female rats. The negative control received 1 ml of 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) whereas positive control animals received 1 mL of 0.5% CMC (carboxymethylcellulose). Three treatment groups were treated with either the VAC vitex agnus castus extract
Tamara Natik Dawood*
...marin is a flavonolignan extracted from the milk thistle plant (Silybum marianum). Silymarin has various pharmacological properties, including hepatoprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and cardioprotective effects. The study aims to determine the influence of several levels of silymarin on the productive and biochemical parameters in local lambs. A total of 30 lambs are classified into three groups. G1 (ten lambs) received Silymarin (420 mg...
Hafizuddin1, Sri Wahyuni2, Tongku Nizwan Siregar1*, Amalia Sutriana3, Ririn Triyuliani4, Siti Hanyyah Herviani4, Muhammad Farhan Syuhada4, Nur Salimah4, Muharni Mardiah Eriswandi4, Ratu Permata Ayu4, Putroe Hayatun Nufus4
... use of bovine pituitary extract (BPE) as an effective alternative in improving animal reproduction. Therefore, this study aims to determine the ovarian and hormonal responses of local rabbits after superovulation induction with BPE. The sample comprised of 1 local male rabbit and 9 local female rabbits with a history of giving birth and weighing between 1.8-2.2 kg. The animals were adapted for 30 days in separate cages and provided with feed and water ad libi...
Chinenye Maria-Goretti Ohanu, Chika Bright Ikele*, Okoye, ChukwuEbuka Kingsley, Charity Chidera Eze
...trations of ethanol leaf extract of O. gratissimum (ELEOG) for control of I. multifiliis (Ich) in a 96 h short bath treatment. A total of 120 ich-infected catfish, Clarias gariepinus were infected with 10,875 theronts and were randomly distributed in triplicates into five groups (A-E). Groups A, B and C (500mg/L chloramphenicol) served as the normal, negative control, and positive control, while groups D and E were treated with 500mg/L and 1,500mg/L ELEOG, res...
Ashiq Ullah1, Sarzamin Khan1, Muhammad Shuaib1*, Sohaib ul Hassan2, Abubakar Sufyan3, Kinkpe Lionel5, Muhammad Shahkar Uzair1, Majid Ali1, Aamir Khan4, Qudrat Ullah2 and Waqar Azeem6
...ice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) extract on growth performance, gut morphometry, and economics in broilers. One hundred and twenty days old broiler chicks were used for the experiment and were divided into four groups each with three replicates of ten birds. Group 1 was control with normal water while 1, 1.5, and 2ml/liter of liquorice extract (LE) in drinking water were provided to the remaining three groups. The results showed sig...
Fadia W. Al-Azawi1* , Huda M. Hamid2, Husam Jasim Mohammed1 and Jan Muhammad3
...next years. The data and extraction process runs through various techniques by analyzing data statistically using SPSS and interpolation techniques using GIS. In this study, IDW estimated the rainfall distribution in the ROI. Furthermore, to obtain optimal interpolation rainfall data, root mean squared error value for Kriging, and IDW was measured. The results showed that IDW interpolation for rainfall data can obtain more accurate results; a smaller RMSE is d...
Saba Mehnaz1*, Farhan Ahmad Atif2, Rao Zahid Abbas1, Muhammad Kasib Khan1 and Muhammad Saqib3
...ical investigations. DNA extracted from blood samples was used for the amplification of the msp1β gene and cytochrome b gene by using single and duplex PCR. The prevalence of these pathogens and associated risk factors were observed through the multiple logistic regression method. The overall prevalence of a single infection of A. marginale was found to be 14.26% and for T. annulata it was 15.28%. The mixed infection, through duplex PCR in the buffalo pop...
Tahani Ahmad Al-Matrafi1, Zuhair M. Mohammedsaleh2, Mamdoh S. Moawadh2, Waheeb S. Aggad3, Rawabi Mohamed almuhimed4, Zamzam Alhuwaymil5, Aishah E Albalawi6, Ifat Alsharif7, Hailah M. Almohaimeed8, Fatima S. Alaryani9 and Mona H. Soliman10,11*
...ethanolic, and ethanolic extracts of Tamarix dioica leaves against paracetamol-induced toxicity. In this study, 36 albino mice were randomly grouped into six groups, each consisting of six mice: Group I (normal control), Group II (paracetamol-toxified), Group III (positive control with Silymarin @ 200 mg/Kg), Group IV (aqueous T. dioica extract @ 400 mg/Kg), Group V (methanolic T. dioica extract
Noor Rahmawati*, Dea Indriani Astuti and Pingkan Aditiwati
...sinensis Roem, which was extracted using 80% acetone, shown antioxidant activity. To create antioxidant chemicals, the endophytic fungus T. sinensis must be isolated and researched. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and spectrophotometric methods were used right away to assess the potential of endophytic fungus to create antioxidant chemicals. Additional investigation on the endophytic fungi that produce antioxidant chemicals was carried out using ITS molecular ...
Deden Sudrajat*, Dewi Wahyuni, Burhanudin Malik, Dede Kardaya
...t of betel leaf meal and extract on the sensory quality of quail eggs. The design used was a Completely Randomized Design with three treatments, which were then analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis test. The variables observed were hedonic tests with a 5-point hedonic scale and hedonic quality (egg yolk color, egg white color, flavor, taste, and texture of quail eggs). This treatment showed that in the preference test, the ratio of betel leaf meal content had a sign...
Suhair Sh. Al-Siraj1, Jihan M. Badr2 and Dalia M.A. El-Masry3*
... (laurusnobilis) aqueous extracts and nano-emulsion against gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative (E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria and their effects on virulence and antibiotic resistance genes. The MIC) minimum inhibitory concentration (of both was determined using thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) micro dilution to assess antibacterial activity. Bay leaf (laurusnobilis) extracts and na...
Barkat Ali Jatoi1*, Amjad Hussain Mirani1, Abdul Latif Bhutto1, Ambreen Laghari2, Abdul Samad Magsi3, Ahmed Sultan Jatoi4, Aneela Sultan Jatoi5, Muhammad Mohsen Rahimoon6, Aarab Khan Lund7, Om Parkash1, Atif Ali Malak8
...tus camaldulensis) plant extracts against Pasteurella multocida. A total of 10 farms of each taluka of Shaheed Benazirabad district (i.e. Nawabshah, Qazi Ahmed, Daur and Sakrand) were visited to examine animals suspected of being infected with HS. A total of 2244 buffaloes and 576 buffalo calves were investigated. Among the suspected animals 100 (blood samples) were cultured, and P. multocida isolates were biochemically characterized. The overall prevalence ra...
Amaq Fadholly1,2*, Endang Tri Margawati1, Alek Ibrahim1 and Widya Pintaka Bayu Putra1
...n purified following the extraction continued with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). The Association of MYF5 genotypes with body weight and body size measurements was analyzed using General Linear Model by SAS 9.4 program. The result showed that MC4R gene with HpyCH41V restriction enzyme was polymorphic with three genotypes of CC, CG and GG with frequencies of 0.18 (9), 0.32 (16) and 0.5 (25), respectively...
Waqas Ahmad Shams1*, Gauhar Rehman2, Muhammad Ismail3, Rahmul Kabir4 and Abdul Qahar1
...antioxidant potential of extracts obtained from Crab Himalayapotamon emphysetum using various in vitro assays. Different solvents of varying polarities including ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate, and water were employed for extraction. The results demonstrated significant antioxidant activity across different extracts in different in vitro assays. Particularly, the aqueous
Syeda Rubab Zaidi* and Safdar Ali Mirza
...t include peptone, yeast extract, ammonium sulpate and ammonium chloride. Abench top fermenter was used in order to carry out scaled up studies). All the optimized cultural conditions were adjusted to culture Aspergillus niger for enhanced production of laccase enzyme. Concentrated crude laccase enzyme extract was obtained by filtration and centrifugation. Partial purification was carried out by ammonium sulphate precipitati...
Mohammed Abdulameer Rashid Al-Sarray1, Hasanain Jihad Neamah2*, Sarah Gatea Fayyadh AL-Omairi1
...adding Origanum Majorana extract (O.M.) in the ram semen at cooling, the experimental groups were divided into four groups (P1=1 mg O.M. raw powder and extender, P2= 2 mg O.M. raw powder and extender, O1 group= 1 mg O.M. oil and extender, O2 group= 2 mg O.M. oil and extender and the control only extender. The sperm motility, pH level, malonaldehyde level (MDA), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were investigated post-preservation (5ᵒ C) at 0, 72 hours of ...
Sana Nawaz1, Shahzor Gul Khaskheli1*, Aijaz Hussain Soomro1, Inayatullah Rajper2, Saghir Ahmed Sheikh3, Ashfaque Ahmed Khaskheli1 and Shaista Soomro1
...e types, focusing on the extraction of target bioactive compounds. The review highlights the substantial amount of waste generated throughout the FV supply chain, resulting from inadequate management practices in fields, harvesting, processing, transportation, storage, and distribution. This waste not only represents a loss of food but also leads to degradation of valuable components, including bioactive compounds, with significant implications for various ind...
Mukondwa Olivia1, Rugare Joyful Tatenda1, Mabasa Stanford1 and Mandumbu Ronald2*
...nst several weeds. Water extracts of the stems root and leaves of twelve sorghum and pearl millet cultivars were screened for their ability to suppress germination and dry weight of blackjack (Bidens pilosa L.), upright starbur (Acanthospermum hispidium L.) and goose grass [Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn)] and by the addition of their plant material to soil under laboratory and glasshouse conditions. A randomized complete block design with three replicates was us...
Umm-e-Kulsoom1, Saima Hashim2, Fazli Wahid3, Haseena Gulzar4 and Tamana Bakht5
...et two different aqueous extracts. The objectives of the studies were to investigate the allelopathic effect of extracts of different parts of donor species on weed seed germination and growth of potato. Weed seed germination test was conducted in petri-dishes while potato related studies were conducted in pots. Our data revealed that all the aqueous extracts of all the three donor plants ...
Iqtidar Hussain1*, Mohammad Safdar Baloch, Ejaz Ahmad Khan and Asghar Ali Khan
...ponse of different plant extracts on the morpho-physiological traits of maize crop. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design having three repetitions. Water extracts of ten different plants viz., neem (Azadirachta indica L.), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis L.), tobacco (Nicotiana tobacum L.), Indian lilac (Melia azadirach L.), acacia (Acacia nilotica L.), poplar (Populous deltoids L.), sunflower...
Rafaqat Hussain Shah1, Mohammad Safdar Baloch1*, Muhammad Zubair2, Khalid Naveed3, Muhammad Amjad Nadim1 and Aminullah Khan4
...ent). The use of aqueous extract in multiple concentrations showed significant effects over tap water treatment in almost all the parameters, however, germination and seedling vigour of wheat were gradually suppressed as the concentration of extract increased. It was concluded that 40% concentration of leaf aqueous solution was found most effective, which is evident that mesquite must be uprooted prior to the cultivation of ...
Taqwa Safdar, Khalid Abbas*, Muhammad Sarfraz Ahmed, Hina Amjad, Sumra Naz and Jamal Kazam
...dus River sites, and DNA extraction was done by proteinase-K and standard phenol/chloroform DNA isolation method. Genomic DNA was PCR amplified by Labeo rohita cross-species amplification of H. molitrix. The results showed a low-to-moderate level of genetic diversity. The number of alleles on each locus ranging from 2.0 to 6.0, with an average of 3.48 was observed at various loci. The average observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.664 to 0.76 and...
Safaa Sabbar Atiyah1*, Ali Abdullah Zuairi Al-Sadoon2, Shifaa Kadhum Jieish2
...t-align: justify;">Plant extracts have been used as alternative additives for the semen preservation process in different farm animal species to improve semen properties such as viability, motility, and membrane integrity, which thereby increase sperm fertility. The current study was conducted to investigate the effect of adding an aqueous extract of Aloe vera leaf gel (AEAV) to the epididymal spermatozoa of local goats duri...
Sohaila Fathi El-Hawary1, Nermeen M.L. Malak2, Reda A. Gomaa3, Hesham Z. Tawfeuk3, Suzan Ismail4, Nady Khairy Elbarbary5*
...ice and pomegranate peel extract on V. cholerae and V. parahaemolyticus. Samples were 150 fish (30 of each Nile tilapia, Nile perch, sardine, Mugil cephalus, and Sea bass) from fish supermarkets. Sardine samples had the highest Vibrio count (4.77±1.22 log10 CFU/g), followed by and Sea bass (4.62±1.35 log10 CFU/g), Mugil cephalus (3.50±1.74 log10 CFU/g), Nile perch (3.24±1....
Afnan Ahmed Allhyani1, Mohamed Baeshen1, Nagwa Thabet Elsharawy2,3*
...examine Moringa oleifera extracts as natural preservatives by examining its antibacterial effect by (aquas & ethanolic) extracts by different concentrations (1.25, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5 & 15) cc against six foodborne microorganisms (Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, salmonella enteritidis and Vibrio parahaemolyticus). Finally, the different concretions of each
Al-Sadik Y. Saleem1, Mohamed Y.I. Youssef1, Fayza A. Ahmed1*, Shereen El. Abdel-Hamid1, Enas N. Said1, 2, Heba S.A. Gharib1, Asmaa I. Abdelaty1
...etary supplementation of extracted oils from lemon (Citrus limon) (LEO) and/or sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) (OEO) peels in fish culture is initiated to be a potential factor for achieving welfare in Nile tilapia and improving growth performance. The results revealed that the extracted oils treated groups showed a marked increase in the following behavioural patterns such as feeding behaviour and swimming behaviour compared...
Abdel Fattah A. Khalaf1, Karam T. Hussein1, Shehta A. Ali2, Doaa K. Barakat2*, Mohamed I. Gad1
...is and the two ethanolic extract (Urtica dioica and Hyoscyamus muticus) on the lifespan, total protein, fat, and total body carbohydrate of Chrysoperla carnea (C. carnea). The lifespan of C. carnea was significantly reduced by all treatments compared to the control group (41.34 days).Fixed oils and ethanolic extracts affected the levels of total protein, fat, and total body carbohydrate. The obtained results concluded that t...
Truong Thanh Trung1, Nguyen Thi Kim Dong2, Tran Long Hai1
...nted soya waste, soybean extraction meal, Operculina turpethum, and Pennisetum purpureum. The experiment was carried out for 12 weeks in which sperm of the experimental rabbits was collected and analyzed weekly. After 12 weeks of semen collection, 1 bucks per treatment with stable semen quality were used for mating with does to evaluate reproductive performance. Six does were used for each treatment (total 30 doe rabbits). The results of the study showed that ...
Roy Sukbir Singh1, Jekson Martiar Siahaan2,3*, Endy Juli Anto4, Syafruddin Ilyas5, Putri Eyanoer6, Hendrika Andriani7,8
...of 400 mg/KgBW Aloe vera extract had a significant effect improving their lipid profiles, and reducing MDA activity and inflammation (P < 0.05) with significance measured using ANOVA followed by Tukey’s Multiple Comparison Test. Hence, the ethanolic extract of Aloe vera has demonstrated efficacy as a hypolipidemic, and anti-inflammatory agent.
Keywords | Aloe vera, Anti-inflammatory, L...
Muhammad Luthfi Hidayat, Istna Mangisah, Lilik Krismiyanto, Vitus Dwi Yunianto*
...eperomia pellucida plant extract (ELPPP) on performance, protein digestibility and immunity of broiler chickens. A total of 200 Ross strain broilers were arranged in a completely randomized design with 5 treatment groups and 4 replications. The treatments include: T0 (control), T1 (0.1% ELPPP), T2 (0.2% ELPPP), T3 (0.3% ELPPP), T4 (0.4% ELPPP). ELPPP was applied from day 8 to 35. The parameters observed included broiler performance, bacterial populations in th...
Md Imran Hossen1, Shakhe Reju Ana Boishakhe1 and Mohammad Enamul Hoque Kayesh2*
...e investigated that were extracted from the paper-based recording system in both place of which 53 cases were diagnosed as FP. Next, we calculated the prevalence, mortality rate, and case fatality of FPV infection in the domestic cats of different age groups and sexes. In this study, 40.45% cats were found to be infected with FPV, where mortality rate and case fatality rate were 23.66% and 58.49%, respectively. FPV cases were most frequently recorded in non-va...
Bunga Rimta Barus1, Masfria Masfria2*, Aminah Dalimunthe3, Sovia Lenny4
...hyl acetate fraction was extracted using a detailed maceration and fractionation process with 96% ethanol, followed by formulation into a gel. The gel formulations were evaluated for their antimicrobial properties and effectiveness in facilitating wound healing. The findings demonstrated that gel formulations containing 1%, 3%, and 5% concentrations of red ginger leaf extract exhibited significant antibacterial activity agai...
Ririn Siti Rahmatillah1*, Diky Ramdani1, Iman Hernaman2, Anuraga Jayanegara3, Yulianri Rizki Yanza2
...tations (including leaf, extract, and waste) have the potential to improve the performance and health of ruminants. Both past and current studies regarding the effects of various dietary tea leaf products on ruminants do not show a comprehensive outcome. Therefore, this meta-analysis aimed to systematically examine the effects of different tea leaf product supplementations on ruminants. The PRISMA protocol was used to ensure the rigorous selection of suitable ...
Saima Maher1*, Salma javed2*, Gul mina1, Rizwana Salam1, Farah Mukhttar1, Noureen Khan3 and Fakhra Batool3
...rom which five different extracts methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, hexane, and chloroform were prepared from various plant. Preliminary phytochemical analysis of these extracts revealed the existence of main phytochemical constitutes, including alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins and phenolic compounds. These compounds were found to contribute to the observed anti-nematicidal activity of the plant
Plinio Vargas Zambrano1*, Luis Vásquez Cortez2,3, Julio Ibarra Arteaga4, Camilo Chávez Ceballos4 and Ramona Párraga Alava1
...ate the effect of garlic extract (Allium sativum) as a preservative in a kefir-type fermented milk beverage. A completely randomized design was used where C (control) presented the percentages of natural kefir; T1 1Lt/ 3mlA; T2 1Lt/ 5mlA; T3 1Lt / 7mlA with three treatments and three replicates. Garlic extraction was carried out by a mechanical method which used a KM grater which consi...
Rawya Sh. Mohammed*, Baraa N. Al-Okaily
..., using a hydroalcoholic extract of Curcuma longa rhizomes, in reducing disruption to hormonal profiles, redox homeostasis, inflammatory parameters, and ovarian tissue PTEN gene expressions in rats treated with doxorubicin. CurSeNPs were synthesized using sodium hydrogen selenite and a hydroalcoholic extract derived from Curcuma longa. The in vivo study utilized thirty-two mature female rats divided into four experimental gr...
Elham M. Hosny1*, Saad Mahmoud Saad1, Marionette Zaghloul Nassif2, Amani Mohamed Salem1
...s and propolis ethanolic extracts work as natural antifungal agents against Candida albicans, both in vivo and in vitro. The broth microdilution assay was used for testing how well Spirulina platensis and propolis extracts inhibit fungal growth. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of Spirulina platensis (SPP) and propolis extracts (PEE) against Candida albicans were determined to b...
Nasr Tarq Mohammed
...ential of aqueous garlic extract (AGE) against breast cancer cell lines. The use of a simple aqueous extract allows for easy and cost-effective preparation while retaining bioactivity. In this research, the effectiveness of AGE in inhibiting cancer cell viability was assessed using cancer cell lines CAL51 and AMN3. The cell lines were treated with various concentrations of AGE (100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 µL) in vitro....
Hina Yasin1,2*, Shaukat Mahmud2, Hina Abrar1, Kaneez Fatima3, Rabia Bushra1 and Saima Zahid2
...nistering various leaves extracts in differential dose pattern (81, 54 and 27 mg/kg). Cytotoxic activity was assessed by the Brine shrimp bioassay method. Results showed that extracts significantly responded as analgesic drug comparable to standard drug using different methods of evaluation for analgesic activity. Brine shrimp bioassay in different leaves extracts also showed similar effec...
Kouakou Yadom Yao François-Regis*, Kra Kouamé Daniel and Atta Diallo Hortense
...-knot nematodes. Aqueous extracts of five types of castor leaves were prepared. These were immature (ILV) and mature (MLV) leaves from vegetative plants and immature (ILF) and mature (MLF) leaves from flowering plants. The fifth type (ATL), a mixture of all leaf types, was used as a control. Second-stage juveniles and eggs of M. incognita were exposed to extracts for 72 hours and 10 days, respectively. Egg-hatching inhibitio...
Estrelle Anne Tacbas1, Neil Pep Dave Sumaya2 and Nanette Hope Sumaya1,3*
...nins in both plant crude extracts. Different developmental stages of C. elegans (i.e., 1st to 4th larval stages (L1-L4), young adult (YA) and adult nematodes) were used for in vitro anthelmintic assay, mortality, development of life stages, and reproduction of the nematode. Both plant extracts caused high mortality in the L4 stage for their LC50 and LC90 values. Notably, the crude extracts...
Muhmmad Bilal Islam1* and Sar Zamin Khan2
...oncentrations of aqueous extract blends of garlic, onion, and chilli on gut performance and immunity of broilers in comparison to Mannan Oligo-Saccharide and plain water. A total of 300 days old chicks of broilers were randomly allocated to five treatment groups each replicated four times having 15 birds per replicate. Groups A, B, and C were receiving respective treatments at the rate of 1.5 ml per liter of drinking water having the garlic, onion, and chilli ...
Rand K. Abbas1, Zahraa S. Hadi1*, Zainab A. Hussein2, Sajad K. Matooq3
...sacrificed chickens were extracted in order to look at the pathological alterations, and the chickens’ intestines were checked for the presence of parasites. The findings showed that the overall rate of helminthes infection was 86.67%, with Cestoda accounting for 84.62% and Nematoda for 36.54% of cases (many of which had mixed infections). Five species of cestodes were recorded included: Raillietina echinobothrida (71.15%), Raillietina tetragona (38.46),...
Emad M. Gad1, Haidy G. Abdel-Rahman2, Mohy Eldin Abd-El-Fattah1, Merna M. Kamal1, Ahmed Shaker Eltahan3, Amina A. Dessouki3*
...ulberry fruit and leaves extracts and their combination on the kidney of diabetic rats. To induce diabetic nephropathy, experimental rats were supplied with 10% fructose (Fr) in drinking water for the first two weeks. Each Fr-fed animal received an intraperitoneal injection of a low single dose of STZ (40 mg/kg) after being fasted for the whole night. Sixty albino rats were separated into six equivalent groups. Group I control rats administrated 0.5ml distille...
Eman Mamdouh Qenawy1, Mohamed Abou-Ellail1, Fatma Abdel-Motaal2, Mohammed O. Alshaharni3, Nady Khairy Elbarbary4*
...contamination during DNA extraction, the presence of inhibitors, and suboptimal PCR conditions can affect the accuracy of results and are considered limitations of PCR.
Keywords: Adulteration, Contamination, Food safety, Meat products, Species
...
Iram Alam Sthanadar1*, Muhammad Zahid1, Sami Siraj2 and Omar Malik2
...r questionnaire. DNA was extracted from 200 μL of whole blood samples obtained from the patients by using the Wiz-Prep DNA extraction kit (Wiz-Prep no. W54100). Sanger sequencing was used for genetic analysis. Data analysis was done by using IBMS-KMU SPSS 23 version. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for T2DM subjects was determined using an online HWE calculator. The rs1057910 polymorphism in CY2PC9 gene responsible for dru...
Saher Mahmood Jwad1, Tamadhur Hani Hussein2, Tahreer Mohammed Al-Thuwaini2*
...acts of broccoli aqueous extract on the regression of thyroid and hepatic tissues, as well as on oxidative stress markers induced by paracetamol (acetaminophen), a study was conducted on sixty male laboratory rats. The animals were equally divided into four experimental groups. The control group was orally treated with 0.9% normal saline solution. The second group was orally administered 1g/kg of paracetamol. The third study group was orally given 200 mg/kg of...
Muhammad Nauman Hanif1*, Tanveer-ul-Haq1, Muhammad Naeem Akhtar2*, Abid Hussain3 and Amar Matloob4
...d soil samples dried and extracted to determine pesticide residues using the modified QuECHERS method. Pesticides residues assessment was performed on High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) at the Pesticide Quality Control Laboratory, Multan. There were no pesticide residues were detected in the soil samples. While in the cauliflower 20% samples (out of 40 samples) contained pesticide residues. Initial deposits of lufenuron of 0.93, 3.19, and 5.63 ppm w...
Rawya Shakir Mohammed*, Baraa Najim Al-Okaily
...te with a hydroalcoholic extract obtained from Curcuma longa rhizomes in alleviating the disturbance of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA expression, histomorphometric and histological alterations of ovaries in healthy rats that administered doxorubicin.Thirty-two fully grown female rats were randomly divided into four equal groups and were treated for two weeks as follows: The control group (C) of rats were administered distilled water orally ; G...
Yusuf Subagyo*, Merryafinola Ifani, Hermawan Setyo Widodo
... calothyrsus leaves were extracted with 70% ethanol, hexane, and chloroform. Twenty PE does on the third week of lactation with an average body weight of 35.22 kg and 1.5 to 2.0 years old were used. The experimental design of this research was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Animals were divided into four treatments, each using five lactating goats as replications. The animals were fed 3.5% of their body weight based on dry matter, then four levels of co...
Sana Eijaz, Asmat Salim* and Mohammad Anwar Waqar
...cin and treated with the extracts. Glucose level and body weight was checked throughout the study. The expression of insulin signaling genes was observed in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue by performing RT-PCR. Moreover, the level of adipokines was measured by using ELISA. Data was analyzed by t-test and One-way ANOVA using SPSS. Significant improvement was observed in the blood glucose level and body weight of diabetic rats that received the herbal combina...
Abdussalam Muhyideen Zainab Funmilayo and Lee-Hoon Ho*
...ce and juice with enzyme extraction but not pasteurised nor clarified served as control 1 and control 2, respectively. The juices were evaluated for pH, total titratable acidity, total soluble solids, vitamin C content, and microbial load at six-day intervals for 30 days. The pH and vitamin C content of the beetroot juices significantly (p <0.05) decreased during storage. However, there was no significant influence on the total soluble solids over storage t...
Mok Sam Lum, Nurul Fadhilah binti Aldam and Clament Fui Seung Chin*
...pinnata aqueous extract on the growth and yield of sweet corn through foliar application was evaluated. Independent variables were application rates of urea (120, 110, 100, 90, 80, and 0 kg ha-1) and aqueous Azolla extract (AE i.e. 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 100%, v/v). Common variables were 60 kg/ha triple superphosphate (TSP), 90 kg/ha muriate of potash (MOP), and watering. The dependent variables were grow...
Nur Anis Hashim1, Nor Hasima Mahmod1*, Abubakar Abdullahi Lema2, Lee-Hoon Ho3 and Mohammad Moneruzzaman Khandaker1
...ding to treatments. Four extracting solvents, which were methanol, ethanol, aqueous, and hexane, were evaluated for their efficiency in extracting antioxidant components from the differently treated roselle calyx, and these extracts were used to determine antioxidant activities and contents by assessing DPPH scavenging activity, total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC...
Salim Saifullah1* and Achyut Adhikari2
...solated from A. vulgaris extract through column chromatography. Structure of the compound was elucidated through various spectroscopic techniques such as Mass and NMR (1D and 2D)....
Aamir Khan Awan1, Nighat Sultana1*, Rahmat Ali Khan2, Rifhat Sultana3,
Umm-e-Kalsoom1, Fayaz Ahmed Sahibzada4, Rifat Ullah Khan5, Naimat Ullah Khan6, Nazir Ahmad Khan7, Syed Haider Zaman8, Mir Sadiq Shah9 and Assar Ali Shah10*
...als of P. granatum peels extracts in alloxan-induced diabetic albino rats. The diabetes was induced in albino rats using alloxan at the concentration of 150 mg kg-1 body weight. After 15 days, the treated groups with glabinclemide and different varieties of methanolic and aqueous extracts showed a significant (P<0.05) decrease in the blood glucose level as compared to diabetic control while slight differences were seen in...
Abd El-Alim F. Abd El-Alim1, Abdelhakeem El-Murr2*, Tahsein Hasan1
...ow well Silybum marianum extract (SME) protects against lead acetate poisoning in Oreochromis niloticus (O. niloticus). The work plan includes five experimental groups the negative control without any challenges in water and positive control water challenged with 1.45 mg lead acetate/liter for 20 days exposure both fed on the basal diet. The T1, T2, and T3: water challenged with 1.45 mg lead acetate/liter for 20 days exposure; T1: feed on basal diet supplement...
Adham Omar Mohamad Sallam1*, Ashraf Abd El-Hakem Ahmed El-Komy1, Enas Abdulrahman Hasan Farag2, Samar Saber Ibrahim3
...thesizes that grape seed extract (GSE), rich in potent antioxidants and anti-inflammatory flavonoids, mitigates the hepato-renal toxicity induced by Meloxicam. Fifty albino rats were divided into five groups: A control, vehicle control, Meloxicam-treated, GSE-treated, and a combination treatment group. The study evaluated biochemical parameters, oxidative stress markers, and histological changes in liver and kidney tissues. This study addresses a significant g...
Nguyen Hoang Qui*, Nguyen Thuy Linh
...orporation of an aqueous extract derived from fermented garlic (FG) into the animals’ drinking water. The highest weights for carcass, breast, and thigh were observed in the 0.8% FG treatment, while the 0.6% FG treatment resulted in the highest weights for liver and small intestine (p < 0.05). There was no significant effect of FG on the carcass quality or blood lipid markers (p > 0.05). The addition of a 0.8% fermented grain (FG) improved the carc...
Muhammad Salim1,2*, Muhammad Zakria2, Ahmad Ur Rahman Saljoqi2, Shahid Sattar2, Ayhan Gökçe1, Amjad Usman3 and Hayat Badshah4
...thenium hysterophorus L. extracts against wheat aphid, Sitobion avenae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and lady bird beetle under field conditions was conducted at Agricultural Research Institute (ARI) Tarnab, Peshawar, Pakistan from December 2019 to June 2020. The experiment was consisted of five aqueous extracts of different parts of P. hysterophorus (whole plant, stem, leaves and flower extracts...
Soumia Ed-Day1*, Meryam Laanaya1, Chaimae El Kourchi3, Radia Elgui1, Fatima Ezzahra Kacimi2, Latifa Didou1, Samira Boulbaroud2, Hicham Harhar3, Fatima-Zahra Azzaoui1
...oxicity of the ethanolic extract obtained from Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi fruits and assess the impact of the berries extract on behavioral patterns in Wistar rats. Methods: 48 adult female Wistar rats were divided into six groups (n=8) and administered orally (by gavage) the following doses: 2.5, 5, 25, 50, and 250 mg/kg of the ethanolic extract, while the control group received disti...
Shaymaa Jabbar Hassoon1*, Hiba Ibrahim Ali2, Ayat Jasim Mohammed3, Oras Salman4
...ynthesized from cinnamon extract against bacteria isolated from fresh sheep meat. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by mixing 1ml of Cinnamon extract (0.025) % with (50ml) of silver nitrate solution (1.25)% and the ratio was (1:50) (v:v) at room temperature for (8hrs.) with pH(6.5-7) , later 8hrs, A higher pigment amount was seen. The physical features of AgNPs were proved by UV-VIS, Field Emission Scanning Electro...
Syarifah Nurul Waqiah1, Ratmawati Malaka2*, Ambo Ako2, Sadam Suliman Mohamed Yousof3, Hanif Uzwa Hasanah Sudirman4
...e effect of herbal spray extract of moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera Lam) and betel leaves (Piper betle Linn) on healing wounds in dairy cattle and determine the herbal spray’s compounds. This study was conducted in August 2022, located in Cendana District, Enrekang Regency. The study method was a completely randomized design (CRD). The variables observed were the measurement of wound area (cm), wound drying time (days), wound healing time (days), the co...
Saranyah Sathiaganeshan1,2, Nur Aina Natasha Yusoff1, Siti Juzailah Zuraimi1, Rukayat Omolara Folarin1,3, Satya Narayana Rao Ramasamy1,4, Asmad Kari1, Enike Dwi Kusumawati⁵, I Wayan Karyasa⁶ and Connie Fay Komilus1*
... moisture, nitrogen-free extract (NFE), ash content were 26.80%, 7.09%, 2.49%, 9.89%, 45.35%, 4.30% respectively. In conclusion, Treatment 3 (15% OWF+ 85% Commercial Feed) showed the overall best performance among quails.
...
Heni Suryani1, Sri Novianti2*, Fatati2, Jul Andayani2, Saitul Fakhri2, Muhammad Ambar Islahudin3
...optimal dose of Binahong extract as a feed additive in a ruminant diet, using nutrient degradation and fermentation in the rumen as indicators. A completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 4 replications was employed, involving binahong extract levels: control, 1%, 1.5%, and 2% based on dry matter (DM). One gram of feed substrate, supplemented with binahong extract, was incubated i...
Nbaa Mutea Abid AL-Alh1, Nuha Hatem Khalaf1, Nagam Khudhair1*, Ahmed Khalid2
...3 was given an ethanolic extract of costus at a dose of 1.5 mg/kg, and G4 was administered an ethanolic extract of costus at a dose of 3 mg/kg. G5 was administered an ethanolic extract of costus plant at a dose of 5 mg/kg. Groups G3, G4, and G5 served as a prophylaxis group dosed 1 hour after CPZ administration. Oral doses are given once daily for 4 weeks. The results of G2 showed increase...
Anas A. Humadi1*, Samer I. Sabeeh2, Ahmed Talib Yassen Aldossary3, Bushra I. Al-Kaisei2
... by 1000 mg/kg alcoholic extract orally of Syzygium aromaticum for 90 days. Blood samples were collected from heart for assay catalase enzyme activity and lymphocyte count at 90 days of experiment whereas tissue sample from liver were taken for pathological examination. Comprehensive analysis of the biochemical analysis indicated a decrease in catalase enzyme and lymphocyte count in C. auris treated groups. Pathological changes were characterized by fibrosis, ...
Abeer S. Hafez1, Shereen M. Aly1, Dalia M. A. Elmasry2*, H. A. Hussein3, Marwa A. Abdelmagid4
...mpare propolis ethanolic extract (PEE) and propolis nanoemulsion (PN) as a feed additive in poultry farms by evaluating their influences on growth, immune status, and pathological conditions in chickens. The size, uniformity, and spherical shape of PN were measured at 4.065 ±1.12nm, with a polydispersity index of 0.021 which allows for easy blood vessel passage and renal clearance, fresh preparation without adding stabilizer cause zeta potential was rec...
Asfand Yar Khan1, Syed Saleem Ahmad1*, Muhammad Avais1 and Kamran Ashraf2
...ifferent medicinal plant extracts against Shiga toxin (E. coli O157:H7) based on the in-vitro and in-vivo trial. A total of twenty-one (n=21) PCR-confirmed isolates were selected for detection of virulent genes in-vitro trial (zone of inhibition). For in-vivo trial, forty-two (n=42) day-old chicks were divided into seven equal groups randomly (n=6 birds/group), and were classified as: G1 (Azadirachta indica @ 18.25 mg/ml), G2 (Melia azedarach @ 15.75 mg/ml), G...
Nutritional Composition and Sensory Evaluation of Green, Oolong and Black Teas of Sacha Inchi Leaves
Zarinah Zakaria1*, Nur Nabilah Norsham1, Nur Hasyimah Mat Shah1, Nurul Zaizuliana Rois Anwar1, Napisah Hussin2, Fauziah Tufail Ahmad3, Faridah Yahya3 and Norshazila Shahidan4
...essed as a crude aqueous extract, restricting its consumption despite the fact that it provides considerable medicinal benefits due to the inclusion of important bioactive components. In this study, green tea, oolong tea, and black tea were crafted using a combination of processed Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) leaves, the traditional tea (Camellia sinensis) leaves and stevia as natural sweetener and also their infusion. The black tea prod...
Sherine Abbas1, Heba M.A. Abdelrazek2*, Eman M. Abouelhassan3, Nayrouz A. Attia4, Haneen M. Abdelnabi4, Seif El-Eslam E. Salah4, Abdelrahman M. Zaki4, Mohamed A. Abo- Zaid4, Nadia A. El-Fahla5
...l of dietary neem leaves extract prenatal exposure on male Wistar albino rats’ offspring. In this experiment, 18 adult female and 6 male Wistar rats were used. All experimental animals were kept in the same environment which was suitable, away from stresses and of adequate hygiene was provided. They were alienated into two groups. Control and treated with neem leaves extract groups; they were allowed to mate. Neem
Bassant Mahmoud Emam1, Jehan Abd Elrazek Hassanen1, Abeer Gaffer Ali Hassan3, Azza Mahmoud Abdullah1, Hadeer Said Aboelnaga2, Amina Ali Dessouki2*
...ek seeds powder (FSP) or extract (FSE) on hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hepatic alterations of streptozotocin (STZ)-provoked DM rats. Here, DM was triggered by administrating 10% fructose (Fr) for two weeks, then intraperitoneally injected with a single STZ dosage (40 mg/kg). The study was carried out using 50 male albino rats allocated into 5 groups (n = 10/group): Control, diabetic non-treated, and diabetic groups treated by DAPA (1 mg/Kg b.wt), FSE (250 ...
Khalid Nabieh1, Wael K. Elfeil2*, Ahmed Ali1, Ali Zanaty3, Magdy F. Elkady1
...ubia in Egypt. Following extraction of total RNA from these samples, the partial segments of IBDV VP1 and VP2 were amplified using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Followed by sequencing of these segments, and a phylogenetic analysis of the strains was performed to evaluate the genetic divergence and IBDV reassortment. The genetic analysis revealed that the variant strains were more frequent (80%) than the classical (15%) and vvIBDV (5...
Mohamed E. Enany1, Ahmed M. Hamouda2, Reem M. Khashaba3*
...ation with natural plant extracts. Turkey poults were assayed for the presence of Enterobacteriaceae species with prevalence 40% (40/100) of the tested samples. Escherichia coli has the highest prevalence rate with 77.5% followed by klebsiella spp and Salmonella spp. with7.5%and 5% respectively.Resistance of the collected Enterobacteriaceae strains was determined by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion test against a panel of antibiotics.. The isolates were highly r...
Rand Kamil Abbas, Zahra Sadoon Hadi*, Ahmad Hassan Sahib
... mg/kg of aqueous garlic extracts for seven days). The impact of parasites on various blood parameters were investigated and died animals were examined for gross and histological changes. The results revealed that trichomonas had affected the blood picture, decreased Hb and PCV concentrations while dramatically increasing WBC with no discernible effect on RBCs. On the other hand, garlic possessed beneficial effects on blood parameters and bird health. Gross cl...
N. M. Abed
...ctive impact of propolis extract against NiCl2 and CCl4, 80 adult male albino rats were divided into eight groups including control group, the propolis-treated group, the NiCl2-treated group, the CCl4-treated group, the NiCl2 and propolis-treated group and the CCl4 and propolis-treated group. Blood-based ELISA kits were applied to determine T3, T4, TSH, LH, FSH and testosterone in the rats after four weeks of medication. Results analysis indicated a significan...
Humaira1, Afsana Huseynova Anvar2, Shaukat Ali3, Marcelo Franco4, Muhammad Irfan1*
...l-free systems including extract-based and purified enzyme-based cell-free technologies have been widely exploited for producing commercially valuable biopolymers and biochemicals such as building-block chemical, biofuels, bioplastic and value-added products. However, implementation of these cell-free systems at industrial production scale requires key considerations of sustainable carbon source, co-factors and energy regeneration pathways and biocatalyst engi...
Jaafar Haider Abd Alrudah1, Nada Fadhil Abbas2*, Farah Ali Hadi1, Haider Tuma Kaab3
Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi* and Abigail Abosede Olojede
...age plants using aqueous extracts from Bixa orellena as reductant. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), statistical method was explored using GenStat 5.32 to achieve this. Formation of nanoparticles (NPs) was confirmed by reaction solution colour change, Fourier Transform Infra-red and Scanning Electron Microscopy (FTIR and SEM). Strong peaks on the FTIR spectrum were observed at 3356, 3360 and 1637 cm-1, indicating that amines are the reducing and stabilising factor...
Mahisba Waris1, Muhammad Azim Khan2*, Muhammad Fawad1*, Nabeela Jafer1, Rashid Hussain3 and Haseeb Ahmad3
...t moringa leaves aqueous extract on germination of okra at Herbarium Lab, Department of Weed Science and Botany, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar. Dried leaves of Moringa were purchased from local market. The leaves were chopped by using a grinder and 50grams of dried leaves powder was added with 500 milliliters of distilled water in a beaker. Subsequently, the mixture was passed through muslin cloth and various concentration was prepared (25%, 50%, 75%...
Muhammad Noman Tariq1, Saeed Ahmed*1, Ghazanfar Ali Chishti1, Muhammad Shahbaz Zafar1, Muhammad Saadullah2, Muhammad Usman1, Mohsin Ali1 and Ghulam Qadir1
... protein (CP), and ether extract (EE) were calculated using total tract digestibility. Results indicated that CSH supplementation (80 mg/kg) significantly improved (P < 0.05) the digestibility of crude protein (CP) by 2.87%, ether extract (EE) by 5.98% and NDF by 5.65% in bucks fed a high concentrated diet, compared to those fed non-supplemented diets. It was concluded that CSH supplementation with roughage: concentrates ...
Saima Bibi* and Nazir Ahmad
...luated the impact of bio-extracts (Phenolic compounds) and commercial tannic acid on the nutrient composition and in sacco digestibility of berseem fodder in three non-lactating ruminally cannulated Holstein cows at the University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan. The cows were fed a diet of 90% fodder and 10% concentrate on a dry matter basis. Five Plant-derived phenolic compounds and commercial tannic acid at concentration of 1.5%, 3.0% and 4.5% were used. ...
Beenish Khanzada1*, Shagufta Jabeen2, Asif Ali1, Amna Fatimah1, Ishfa Zahid1, Esha Israr1, Arifa Iqbal1 and Ashas Waheed1
...s. The traditional plant extracts known for their antimicrobial or antioxidant properties can be incorporated in biopolymer based film forming solution to make active packaging films. This study contributes to comparative analysis of synthesis of biodegradable films from two biopolymers (i.e., starch and chitosan) with the additive effect of two medicinal plant extracts i.e., Pithecellobium dulce (PD) and Cassia senna alata ...
Hasan SA Jawad1*, Nihad Abdul-Lateef Ali2, Galib A. Al-Kassie3, Abdul-Razzak L. Al-Rubaie3, Lokman IH4
... where added the aqueous extract of Oregano leaves at levels (0, 3, 5, 7 ml/L). All of the histological traits were studied such as the villus height, the crypts depth, the percentage of the villus height to the crypts depth and immunological traits are both the immunity directed against Newcastle disease and the test of the relative hypersensitivity in the wattles and relative weight and the Fabricia gland index, and biochemical traits, such as concentration ...
Arshad Javaid1*, Freeha Anjum1, Aneela Anwar2, Mahrukh Asif1, Sadia Ahmad1 and Malik F.H. Ferdosi3
...t study, methanolic root extract of a medicinal herb Tribulus terrestris was assessed for its antifungal activity against this fungal pathogen. Roots of T. terretris were collected from Lahore, Pakistan and shade dried. The dried and crushed roots were extracted in methanol for two weeks and the effect of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5% concentrations of the extract was checked in vitro against P. oryza...
Muhammad Waqas1*, Razia Bashir1, Haroon Ali2, Arslan Shahzad1 and Tehmina Saddique3
...icroalgae Spirogyra were extracted using n-Hexane as a solvent by both the hot plate magnetic stirrer method and simple solvent extraction method. The effects of habitat nature, n-Hexane to algal biomass ratio, algal biomass particle size, and contact time on the percentage yield of extracted lipids were studied and analyzed. The study showed that algae from agricultural runoff had the hig...
Muhammad Safdar1*, Muhammad Younus2, Faiz-ul Hassan1 and Yasmeen Junejo3
... Rahim Yar Khan. DNA was extracted from all the targeted samples. We developed the first multiplex PCR assay to identify pork, donkey, and cow species origins in food products within a single tube. The assay utilizes specific primers [pork (Sus scrofa), donkey (Equus asinus), and cow (Bos taurus)] that amplify fragments of the mitochondrial COX1 (donkey; 184 bp), 12S rRNA (cow; 271 bp), and ATPase subunit 6and8 genes (pork; 459 bp), respectively, as well as un...
Muhammad Saleem Chang1*, Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro1, Bakhat-un-Nisa Mangan1, Zia-ul-Hassan Shah2 and Siraj Ahmed Channa3
...hic efficacy of sorghum (extract and powder) on preliminary growth stages of weeds associated with sesame. The experiment was laid out under a three replicated completely randomized design (CRD) with nine treatments including various concentrations of sorghum extract, powder, and their integration. The most common weeds species of sesame were selected and tested. The analysis of variance shown all levels of sorghum water
Heba Saleh Shaheed1, Zainab J. Malik2*, Ghusoon A.A. Alneamah1, Salih T.H.2
... Graviola and eucalyptus extract and their relationship to liver cell regeneration. We used sixteen mature male rabbits by dividing the animals into two groups. As a general anesthesia by using xylazine ketamine and rabbits were anesthetize by using atropine sulfate (1 mg/kg B.W.) inter-muscularly than after 15 min rabbits were anesthetized intramuscular with a mixture consisting of ketamine hydrochloride (40 mg/kg of B.W. and xylazine hydrochloride (20 mg/kg ...
Abdulameer Jawad Zayier*
...prepare several types of extracts (aqueous, hot, cold, alcoholic, and nano) from the colocynth plant to determine the inhibitory effect of these extracts on the number and vitality of the Leishmania tropica promastigotes in vitro ,The results shown that even at low concentrations (0.5 mg), the colocynth plant’s green-produced silver nanoparticles demonstrated strong antileishmanial activity against Leishmania tro...
Mayada Sahib Hassan1*, Hayder Talib Mahdi1, Sajaa R. Al-Saedi1, Ali Farid Shakir1, Ali J. Al-Nuaimi1, Marwa Sabah Majed1, Ridha Adel Fahad1, Karar Ali Kadhim1, Mustafa Ali Noor1, Ameer Hameed Kadhim1, Hussein Ali Mohammed Hadi1, Zainab Amori Oribi2, Mazin Talib Abbas3, Mahdi S. Hassan4
...ects. The hydroalcoholic extract of TT has been investigated against lead acetate-induced nephrotoxicity. In experimental animals, forty adult male albino rats were utilized. Four groups of animals were used in the study. Ten male rats each group are used: Group 1 (control group): For 28 days, the animals were given distilled water orally. Group 2 (lead acetate group): For seven days, animals in this group received intraperitoneal injections of lead acetate at...
Mohammed A. Hamad1*, Murtadha Abdule Mahdi Al-Mudhafar2, Alaa Fayeq Habeeb3, Firas R. Jameel1, Ismael Raheem Al-Muhana2, Najemaddin A. Hamad5
...tilized for nucleic acid extraction was RT-PCR compatible, and successfully extracted the virus’ genome and detected the suspected animals with RSV. Were calves’ male RSV infection with a prevalence of (68%), which was significantly higher than the female (32%) rate for young cows. Moreover, a significant difference between Holstein Friesian and Local-cross breed in the percentage of RSV viral infection (χ2= ...
H.A. Abdul-Ratha1*, Sahar Mahdi Hayyawi2, Essam F. AL-Jumaily3
...isolates or with biofilm extract produced by Staphylococcus aureus, on cell permeability and mode of action on cell structure under scanning electron microscope. Forty eight Staphylococcus aureus isolates were diagnosed from the total 142 cows milk samples collected from different areas.These isolates were produced biofilm with different thickness. Six Staphylococcus aureus isolates out of forty-eight shown higher thickness (3mm) of biofilm with protein concen...
Mohammed A. Al-Saadi1*, Yahia I. Khudhair1, Muthanna Hadi Hussain1, Monyer Abdulamier Abd Alfatlawi2, Mourad Ben Said3
...e, Iraq, and the DNA was extracted and amplified by PCR targeting IL-10 and ORF103 genes. After purifying the PCR products, the amplicons were sequenced by Sanger method. Following the sequencing, the Data were studied using the MEGA11 software. The findings revealed that infected sheep showed typical pox lesions in various parts of the body. while lambs infected with SPV, showed more severe symptoms of this infection. The genetic analysis of both IL-10 and OR...
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Conservation of Local Geese (Anser Anser) in Egypt: Characteristics of Production Systems and Breeders’ Perception
Amal S.Omar, Mahmoud A. Ahmed, Nada A.S. El-Shahawy, Wael A.H. Ali, Sabbah F. Youssef, Hoda M.A. Shabaan, El-Sayed M. Abdel-Kafy
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Protective Response of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle with Chitosan Oligosaccharide on Intestinal Integrity, Goblet Cell Count, and Meat Quality of Broiler Chicken under Heat Stress
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Epidemiology and Diagnostic Insights into Orf Virus Infection in Palestinian Sheep and Goats: A Histopathological and Serological Study
Hazem Sawalha, Mujahed Abu-Alrub, Bashar Abu-Alrub, Abdalsalam Kmail
J. Anim. Health Prod., Vol. 12, Issue. 4, pp. 601-609
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