Expression of Apoptosis Marker Genes bax and bcl-2 in WiDr Colon Cancer Cells Treated with Red Eye Sea Snail (Cerithidea obtusa) Extract
Expression of Apoptosis Marker Genes bax and bcl-2 in WiDr Colon Cancer Cells Treated with Red Eye Sea Snail (Cerithidea obtusa) Extract
Wisnu Jaka Dewa1,2, Ekowati Handharyani3*, Sri Purwaningsih4, Silmi Mariya5
ABSTRACT
One of the characteristics of cancer is failure to regulate apoptosis process. Apoptosis is a programmed cell death that occur in every multicelluler organism. Bax and Bcl-2 are two proteins that are involved in controlling the apoptosis process. This research aimed to quantify the expression of bax and bcl-2 gene in colon cancer cell WiDr treated with red snail ethanol extract 125, 62.5 and 31.25 ppm concentration. mesenggerRNA (mRNA) was isolated from WiDr cells using a commercial kit. The mRNA concentration was then measured with a UV-Vis microvolume spectrophotometer at 260/28 nm. Relative expression of bax and bcl-2 to house keeping gene GAPDH was measured on a real time PCR machine. Relative gene expression was calculated using the ΔΔCt method. The result showed that bax gene expression increases 4.36, 4.77 and 4.63 times in 125, 62.5 and 31.25 ppm concentration, respectively. The expression of bcl-2 gene was decreased after treatment of red eye snail ethanol extract by 0.17, 0.16 and 0.14 in 125, 62.5 and 31.25 ppm extract concentration, respectively. Relatively, the bax:bcl-2 ratio was also increase. Red eye sea snail extract has a potential as alternative therapy on cancer by inducing apoptosis in WiDr colon cancer cells by controlling the expression of the genes bax and bcl-2. However, more research is needed to determine the processes governing bax and bcl-2 gene expression, and the safety of using red eye sea snail extract as an anti-cancer.
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