Extraction and Characterization of Humic Acid from Agriculture Soil and Its Effect on Wheat (Triticum indicum) Seed Growth
Extraction and Characterization of Humic Acid from Agriculture Soil and Its Effect on Wheat (Triticum indicum) Seed Growth
Weenghar Ali Chandio1, Tajnees Pirzada1*, Abdul Majid2 and Farzana Rashid3
ABSTRACT
The objective of this was to extract and characterize humic acid (HA) from agriculture soil and to investigate its effect on wheat (Triticum indicum) seed growth. HA was conventionally extracted from soil sample of agriculture lands of Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan by International Humic Substance Society method and confirmed by UV-Visible spectroscopy and characterized by spectral features obtained by using different techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Finally, the effect of extracted humic acid on wheat seed germination profile including root/shoot length, germination and fresh/ dry weight was investigated by applying varied concentrations of HA (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20ppm).UV-Visible spectroscopy confirmed the presence of HA in soil sample. XRD demonstrated that HA extracted had semi-crystalline structure with the average crystal size of 39.48 x 109nm. FTIR showed the presence of Oxygen-containing functional groups (aromatic) such as ether bonds, ester bonds, carboxyl group, phenolic hydroxyl group as well as aliphatic hydrocarbon including methyl group, methylene group. SEM exhibited granular structure of HA that were present in aggregates with various shapes and diameter ranging from 5 to 10μm. HA with the concentration of 5ppm showed improved seed germination compared to other concentrations used in this study. This study suggests that HA with the concentration of 5ppm should be used in agricultural soil for best wheat seed germination. Further research may be conducted for more insight information about mechanism and effects of HA on other plants.
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