Salma Shaheen, Muhammad Jamil Khan, Saleem Jilani
...age yields (32 g pot-1), leaf length (40.5 cm) and leaf area (238.4 mm2) relative to poultry manure, compost or FYM treatments. Similar trend was observed during 2010-11. Over all, press mud with EM was more effective in improving soil quality and enhancing spinach growth and quality followed by FYM and poultry manure. These results suggested that Press mud applied with EM have the most potential to increase yield and qualit...
Mohammed Ali Hussain, Zakiya Ahmed Hassan
....93 cm. However, maximum leaf area produced by hybrid DK x Hs in both locations with averages 768.56, 670.26 and 719.42 cm2, respectively, while hybrid sangaria recorded maximum value for 300 grains weight 68.16 g and the hybrid IK 8 x zp-707 showed highest rows ear- 1 at both locations and their averages reached 19.33, 17.33 and 18.33, and the same hybrid produced highest yield plant-1 at both location with average values of 146.94, 125.84 and 136.00 g, respe...
Malik Ikram Ullah1, Abdul Aziz Khakwani1*, Muhammad Sadiq1, Inayatullah Awan1, Muhammad Munir2, Ghazanfarullah1
...t height, stem diameter, leaf area plant-1, leaf area index, chlorophyll content, green fodder yield, dry matter yield, crude protein, crude fiber and ash percentage were significantly increased with increase nitrogen levels (200, 240, and 280 kg N ha-1). However, highest benefit-cost ratio was estimated when 240 kg N ha-1 was applied which was found best compromise between forage yield and quality for maize cultivar Kissan ...
Shahid Iqbal Awan1*, Syed Dilnawaz Ahmad2, Muhammad Amjad Ali3, Muhammad Shahzad Ahmed1, Aurangzeb Rao1
...membrane stability, flag leaf weight, specific flag leaf weight, while negatively correlated with specific flag leaf area. These results indicated the importance of physiological traits and their positive influence on grain weight. Multivariate techniques, including factor analysis (FA) and cluster analysis, indicated that the magnitude of variability existing in the gene pool was satisfac...
Muhammad Imran1*, Muhammad Mobashar2, Muhammad Irfan3, Shazia Hanif4, Sumaira Hanif5 and Muhammad Abubakar6
...tial of Moringa Oleifera leaf meal (MOLM) as partially replacement of the cotton-seed cake (CSC) in lactating Nili-Ravi buffaloes. On the basis of nearly similar lactation stage and body weight, sixteen individually confined buffaloes were randomly blocked and allotted to four different dietary treatments. MOLM in proportion to CSC was supplemented along with maize silage as basal diet. Four dietary treatments having MOLM were 0.0, 0.71, 1.42 and 2.16 Kg DM/da...
Mushtaq Ahmad1*, Habib Akbar1, Mohammad Tariq Jan1, Muhammad Jamal Khan Khattak2 and Abdul Bari3
...production. Mean maximum leaf area plant-1 (170.49 cm2), leaf area index (6.77), root length (35.50 cm) and root weight plant-1 (0.98 kg-1) were recorded in sugar beet planted at 2 cm depth. Nitrogen band placement method significantly affected growth and yield related attributes of sugar beet. Mean maximum leaf area plant-1 (173.32 cm2), leaf area index...
Muhammad Amjad Nadim1*, Mohammad Safdar Baloch1, Ejaz Ahmad Khan1, Abdul Aziz Khakwani1, Kashif Waseem2
...vels) resulted in higher leaf area index (0.33 and 0.27 [49 days after sowing-DAS] and 2.03 and 2.77 [98-DAS]), crop growth rate (40.42 and 40.96 g m-2 day-1), relative growth rate (88.94 and 84.14 mg g-1 day-1), net assimilation rate (3.58 and 3.89 mg m-2 day-1) and grain yield (4.40 and 5.29 t ha-1) during the years of experimentation. Similar trend was also noted by the application of micronutrients (alone and in combination with NPK). Addition of boron @ 2...
Khalid Ali1*, Amanullah Jan2
...p considerably increased leaf area index (LAI) 4.4, crop growth rate (CGR) 5.7 g m-2 d-1, seed yield (2329 kg ha-1) and harvest index (22.10%). Incorporation of whole plant had significantly increased LAI (4.1), seed yield (2226 kg ha-1) and harvest index (22.1%) of canola crop over stubbles incorporation. Decrease in CGR and grain yield was observed with delaying green manuring (40 > 70 > 100 DAS). Increase in LAI, CGR, grain yield and harvest index was...
Ilham Ulla, G. Arjumand, Nawab Ali and Mohammad Akmal*
...due to reflecting higher leaf area, plant height and stem diameter (cm). Traits e.g. the head diameter, grain head-1 and grains weight were indicators contributing towards grain yield by early sowing compare to late sowing or increasing N-rate (40 to 120 kg ha-1). The oil content and oil yield was naturally contributed well to early sowing date in season. However, a decrease in oil content with increasing N was observed. Oil yield (kg ha<...
Qaizar Ahmed1, Fida Mohammad2, Hidayat-ur-Rahman2, Sheraz Ahmed2* and Fakharuddin2
...tween -7.9 and 25.90 for leaf area, -6.76 and 130.8 for number of cured leaves kg-1, -10.8 and 17.1 for yield, -16.0 and 9.94 for grade index, -10.4 and 68.66 for nicotine and -26.89 and 31.25 for reducing sugar, respectively. The current study identified KHG24/Spt G 28; KHG21/NC606 and Spt G 126/KHG24 as best crosses for yield while KHG22/KHG21 was the only best cross for grade index. ...
Nadeem Khan1*, Arshad Ali Khan1, Mukhtar Ahmad2, Muhammad Nouman2 and Badshah Islam1
...maximum plant spread and leaf area were recorded in Mexican Lemon 124.07 cm and 11.35 cm2, respectively. However, Hamlin showed the highest stem girth (9.90 cm) and number of branches (66.53). The internode length was the greatest in Kinnow cultivar (2.66 cm). In case of disease incidence maximum lesion on leaves were found in Kinnow (14.2) while in Cara Cara, Salustiana and Arnold Blood, lesser lesions were found. On the basis of results and overal...
Allah Wadhayo Gandahi, Khalilluah Panhwar, Rabail Gandahi, Muhammad Saleem Sarki and Mahmooda Buriro
...th, yield characters and leaf reddening in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Cotton variety Haridost was studied under 4 NPK treatments (000 NPK kg ha-1, 120-0-0 kg N ha-1, 120-70-0 kg N ha-1, 120-70-40 kg NPK ha-1 and 5 secondary and micronutrient (Control, 50, 3, 4 and 1.5 kg ha-1 Mg, Fe, Zn and B, respectively) treatments. NPK @ 120-70-40 kg ha-1 resulted maximum plant height, number of green leaves plant-1, number of opened bolls plant-1, seed index, and see...
Safdar A. Wahocho, Tanveer F. Miano, Noor U.N. Memon and Niaz A. Wahocho
...ng period and 28 percent leaf chlorophyll content. Similarly, photoperiodic treatment comprised of 6 hours daylight (8 am – 2 pm) produced 30.37 cm plant height, 4.36 side branches plant-1, 23.91 leaves plant-1, 45.66 days taken to initiate flower bud, 5.37 cm flower diameter, 3.98 g weight of single flower, 5.24 days taken to open 1st flower, 6.50 flowers plant-1, 16.33 days blooming period and 25 percent leaf chlorop...
Metin Duru1*, Asuman Arslan Duru1, Köksal Karadaş2, Ecevit Eyduran3, Harun Cinli4 and Mohammad Masood Tariq5
...d carrot (Daucus carota) leaf powder at different amounts on some external and internal egg characteristics of Hy-line white laying hens as a commercial type through two-way ANOVA, to estimate the Pearson correlation between pairs of egg external and internal characteristics and to predict each of egg internal characteristics from egg external characteristics, treatment and week through CHAID analysis. A total number of eighty, 56 weeks old Hy-Line White layin...
Muhammad Zahid1, Muhammad Hamid Bashir1*, Bilal Saeed Khan1 and Muhammad Shahid2
...isc arenas were used and leaf dip bioassay was conducted. Pesticides were tested for their compatibility with N. barkeri at different concentrations under controlled laboratory conditions. The results showed 25%, 30%, 70%, 50% and 65% mortality occurred by tested pesticides at field relevant doses after 144 h respectively. Missing mites data indicated repellency due to pesticides, was highest at the start of experiment, and then these acclimatized on
Syeda Farzana Bibi*, Lal Badshah and Siraj-ud-Din
...d that the most abundant leaf size was Microphyll (50%). This study not only gives information about the flora of motorway but can provide a baseline for future studies and plantation of this area. It is suggested that plantation of invasive species should be discouraged which might become problematic in future for the indigenous flora....
Muhammad Basit1, Shafqat Saeed2, Mushtaq Ahmad Saleem3, Rana Zulfiqar4
...5 and 3.20 individuals / leaf) were recorded during 3-week of May 2009. Aphis gossypii was recorded during the month of March and its maximum population (28.3 individuals / leaf) was observed during 2-week of March 2009. Likewise, Nysius inconspicuous was observed during seeds development and its maximum population (126 individuals / head) was recorded during 4-week of April 2009. Spodoptera spp, Thysanoplusia orichalcea...
Salma Shaheen, Mumtaz Khan, Muhammad Jamil Khan, Saleem Jilani, Zarina Bibi, Muhammad Munir and Mehwish Kiran
...y foliage yield (16.4%), leaf length (20.2%) and leaf area (77.4%) were noted where pressmud + EM was applied as compared to its corresponding treatment without EM. Maximum Fe, Cu and Mn concentrations were found where pressmud + EM was applied. Dietary fiber, vitamin C and crude proteins were also increased in spinach with pressmud + EM application. It was concluded that EM-inoculated pressmud has higher potential to increa...
Muhammad Shahzad Ahmed and Dilnawaz Ahmed Gardezi
...ight, number of tillers, leaf area, brix percentage, reducing and non-reducing sugar. A total of 79.75% cumulative variance was estimated in genotypes with PCA analysis at eigenvalue >1 and grouped 20 genotypes into five clusters at Euclidean distance (ED) 7. Cluster analysis revealed that the members of clusters I, cluster III and Cluster V diverse genotypes that should be utilised to initiate breeding program. The genotype HSF-242 was the outlier at ED 8....
Sheraz Ahmad Khan and Ghulam Hassan
... height followed by flag leaf area (0.89). The values of genetic advance were recorded low to moderate for all parameters. Grain yield was observed to have positive significant association with most of the important yield related traits such as fertile tillers, spike length, 1000-grain weight and grains per spike. These results suggest that all the traits showing significant correlation with grain yield needs better attention in future wheat breeding programs ...
Zamarud Shah, Safdar Hussain Shah, Asad Jan and Gul Shad Ali
...r HsfA1d by transfecting leaf discs with Agrobacterium strain GV3101 carrying CaMV35S-YFP::HsfA1d construct. After PCR and confocal-based confirmation, HsfA1d overexpression lines (OX1, OX2 and OX3) were evaluated for their response to heat stress. Overexpression lines on average showed 33.26% less electrolyte leakage after induction of heat stress at 42°C compared to wild type plants (WT). No significant decrease was recorded in the chlorophyll content of...
Zafar Iqbal1* and Muhammad Khurshid2
... the detection of Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) from plant extracts of Nicotiana benthamiana plants inoculated with ToLCNDV. To immunocapture the ToLCNDV, two antisera raised against Tomato yellow leaf curl virus-coat protein (TYLCV-CP) and African cassava mosaic virus-coat protein (ACMV-CP) were used. However, immunocapture of ToLCNDV could only be achieved by using the TYLCV-CP antisera followed ...
Mohammad Raoofi and Mohammad Taghi Alebrahim
...mber of main-stem nodes, leaf area and percentage of vegetation cover as well as increased the nutritional value of alfalfa in terms of nutrient elements, proteins and factors such as ADF, Ash, CF, NDF....
Syed Ishfaq Ali Shah1,*, Tassawar Hussain Malik2, Imran Rafi Khan1 and Zahid Hussain3
... primarily for Cotton leaf curl virus (CLCuV) disease with promising local varieties tolerant to the disease. After screening, the most resistant accessions of USDA were USG-14-2464 and USG-14-2478. However, USG-14-2481 and USG-14-2484 were recorded as partially resistant to CLCuV disease. Among the local germplasms, all accessions screened were found extremely susceptible. Disease index increased with day after planting (DAP) and high infestation level...
Zia Ur Rahman1*, Syed Mehar Ali Shah1, Hidayat Ur Rahman1, Fida Mohammad1, Mian Ahmad Raza1 and Ijaz Ahmad Khan2
...tivars against bacterial leaf blight disease at the University of Agriculture, Peshawar-Pakistan during 2011 rice crop growing season. On artificial inoculation with Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae, the fundamental agent of bacterial leaf blight, most of the studied rice accessions and the two commercial rice cultivars displayed susceptible reactions. Seven rice accessions viz. UoA-2, UoA-5, UoA-11, UoA-48, UoA-53, UoA-102, an...
Muhammad Qadir Ahmad¹*, Farheen Ashraf Raza¹, Abdul Qayyum¹, Waqas Malik¹, Rao Wali Muhammad2, Muhammad Asif Saleem1, Amir Hamza2, Ahmad Baksh Mahar3
...ovides a balance between leaf temperature, leaf energy exchange and photosynthesis. The experiment was undertaken to study the association of leaf related traits i.e. leaf area (LA), leaf angle position (LP), number of lobes per leaf (NL), leaf chl...
M. B. Meah
Biopesticides for crop growth and crop protection
...illi) in the nursery and leaf blight, anthracnose, fruit rot, root knot and leaf curl/mosaic of tomato and carrot in the field. Aqueous solution of garlic and allamanda tablet sprayed at 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5 conc. increased seed germination by 45-60%, completely eliminated damping-off, seedling blight and tip over and increased seedling vigour by 22-50%. The tablets retained the similar range of action over aging up ...
Sitansu Pan and Amrita Das
Evaluation of shelf life of some value added organic formulations of Trichoderma harzianum
...tions like vermicompost, leaf manure, rice bran and FYMand also their combinations with two oil cakes, neem and mustard cake. The growth was estimated in terms of colony forming unit (c.f.u.)/g of substrate up to 120 days at 30 days interval. In all organic products or their amendment with oil cakes c.f.u. increased up to 60 days and then gradually declined. Among the four organic media, vermicompost retained 21.3 x 10 c.f.u./g at 120 days where as
Honnur Basha, Vinaya Hemannavar, B.Ramanujam, R. Rangeshwaran and S.Sriram
Screening of chilli microflora and other biocontrol agents for their antagonistic effects on Colletotrichum spp. infecting chillies
...gn: justify;">Forty-five leaf and nine fruit samples of chilli were collected from different regions of Karnataka for isolation of chilli microflora. From these samples, 94 fungal and 89 bacterial isolates were derived, which included 50 isolates of fungi and 44 isolates of bacteria from phylloplane and pomoplane, 44 isolates of endophytic fungi and 45 of endophytic bacteria from inside the leaf and fruit tissues, respective...
Neerja Agrawal, Mukesh Srivastava, Akhilesh Tripathi and Amrendra Singh
Survey and monitoring of pests, parasites and predators of pulse crops in central and eastern Uttar Pradesh
...rop, mainly H. armigera, leaf webber Grapholita (Cydia) critica, Myllocerus spp, spotted pod borer Maruca testulalis, plume moth Exelastis atomosa, tur pod bug Clavigralla gibbosa, jassid Amrsca bigutulta, termite Odontotermes spp, green bug Nezara viridula, tur podfly Melanogromyza obtusa, blue butterfly Lampides boeticus, cow bug Tricentrus bicolor and Pentatomorpha bug were recorded while on lentil crop, black aphid,Aphis craccivora was recorded as major pe...
K.N. Ahmed, S.H.A. Pramanik, M. Khatun A. Nargis M. R. Hasan
Efficacy of plant extracts in the suppression of insect pests and their effect on the yield of sunflower crop under different climatic conditions
...seed oil and sesame oil, leaf extracts of custard apple (Annona squamosa ) and Bara Bishkatali ( Polygonum orienta) were tested against the pest infestation. The treatment of custard apple leaf extract produced the most favourable result in respect of pest control and crop yield. The other treatments also exhibited better results in comparison to control followed by Bara Bishkatali, Neem seed oil, a mixture of Neem seed oil ...
M. D. Maji, N.K.Das, S. Chatterjee, A. Ghosh and A.K. Bajpai
Forecasting models of bacterial leaf spot disease of mulberry for Birbhum district of West Bengal
...ustify;"> Bacterial leaf spot (BLS) caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv.mor was found to be one of the major foliar diseases in mulberry at farmers field in Birbhum district.BLS incidence appeared in May and continued up to November. The correlation coefficient between disease severity and meteorological parameters revealed that BLS disease severity showed significant positive correlation with max & min temperatures, min relative humidity, rainfall an...
Basudeb Dasgupta, Partha Dutta and Srikanta Das
Biological control of foot rot of betelvine (Piper betle L.) caused by Phytophthora parasitica Dastur
...weight of 100 leaves and leaf yield were good in treatments where BM was applied. Trichoderma applications resulted in better c : b ratio during 1 st year, where as applications of P. fluorescens over two year analysis of pooled data gave the best c : b ratio....
Debjani Chowdhury, P. C. Paul and B. Dasgupta
Management of leaf spot of Centella asiatica (Thankuni) caused by Alternaria sp. and target leaf spot of Rauvolfia serpentina (Sarpagandha) caused by Corynespora cassicola
...lyani for the control of leaf spot of Centella asiatica (Thankuni) caused by Alternaria sp. and target leaf spot of Rauvolfia serpentina (Sarpagandha) caused by Corynespora cassicola by spraying three fungicides (carbendazim at 0.1%, mancozeb at 0.025% and blitox at 0.25%) and four biocontrol agents (Trichoderma viride at 107 cfu / ml, T. harzianum at 107 cfu / ml, Pseudomonas fluorescens at 108 cell / ml and Biomonas-a form...
D. Sharmah, K.C. Deka and A.K. Phukan
Field evaluation of efficacy of some botanical dust against rice bug (Leptocorisa oratorius Fabr.)
...er, multani powder, neem leaf powder, neem leaf powder + multani powder, neem leaf powder + ash, soap nut kernel powder, soap nut kernel powder + multani powder tested as dust were found to be 24.44, 14.78, 5.65, 17.06, 11.88, 6.54, 18.18 and 15.01 respectively for exposure period of ten days. The order of efficacy of the botanicals and their formulations were malathion followed by neem se...
K.N. Ahmed , M.A. Al-Helal, N-E-P. Khanom, S. Bulbul
Control strategies of papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus Williams & Willink infesting vegetable crops in Bangladesh
...nto the epidermis of the leaf as well as into the fruit and stem. In doing so, it injects a toxic substance into the leaves. The result is chlorosis, plant stunting, leaf deformation, early dropping of the leaves and fruits, a heavy accumulation of honeydew and death of the host plants. Heavy infestation is capable of making fruits inedible due to the deposition of thick white waxy material by this mealybug. Five biopesticid...
Sitansu Pan and Amrita Das
Control of cowpea (Vigna sinensis) root and collar rot (Rhizoctonia solani) with some organic formulations of Trichoderma harzianum under field condition
...th yield of cowpeas over leaf mold +20% neem cake formulation of the antagonist, talc base formulation and seed treatment with carbendazim at 2g/kg of seed. Seed priming with mycelial mat of the antagonist improved seed germination vigour of the cowpea plants, basal girth, number of branches & pod number, pod vigour of the bio primed seeds over other treatment combinations. Soil application of Trichoderma in vermicompost +20% neem cakes gave better disease...
S. Patra, V.W. Dhote, SK F. Alam, B.C. Das, M.L. Chatterjee and A. Samanta
Population dynamics of major insect pests and their natural enemies on cabbage under new alluvial zone of West Bengal
...uary (14.17 aphids/inch2 leaf) and 16th February (11.03 aphids/inch2 leaf) of 2011-12 and 2012-13, respectively. Highest parasitized larvae of diamond back moth by Cotesia plutellae were found on 15th and 8th March with 10.42 and 10.50% larval parasitisation during both the seasons, respectively, whereas maximum coccinellid was observed on 23rd February of 2011-12 and 2012-13 crop seasons with 11.67 and 9.67 coccinellids/ 5p...
Lakshman Chandra Patel and Chandan Kumar Mondal
Management of causal agents of chilli leaf curl complex through bio-friendly approaches
...font-size: 12px;">Chilli leaf curl causes huge crop loss in Sundarban Islands that occurs primarily due to attack of thrips, yellow mites and white fly followed by invasion of chilli leaf curl virus. An attempt was made to find out the cost effec-tive management schedule to minimize the crop loss. Seven treatments were taken up for study including two chemicals i.e. profenophos and diafenthiuron, three ecofriendly approaches...
Dinesh Kachhawa and Sahidur Rahman
Factors influencing incidence of red spider mite of tea, Oligonychus coffeae (Nietner) in Assam
...igher population of eggs/leaf was noticed. Afterwards sharp decline in number of eggs was noticed during July and August. Again population of eggs was increased during September and October. Very minimum population of eggs was observed from Novem-ber to January. Population of eggs was started increasing again from 1st week of February to March. Results of the present studies showed that the buildup of the red spider mite, O. coffeae population, as well as the ...
Goutam Samui and S. Jha
Biology, seasonal incidence and management of Apsylla cistellata Bucton. on mango in West Bengal
...ially fed from midrib of leaf and then entered into the gall which they formed on the emerging vegetative buds resulting in total failure of such buds to put forth inflorescence properly. Repeated spraying without proper knowledge on the life cycle did not give good result in managing the pest. Hence, application of insecticides had to be synchronized with the emergence of nymphs. To manage the shoot gall psylla, mechanical control (Pruning) and insecticidal c...
T. P. Ghosh, D. Mandal, S. Laha and M. K. Dasgupta
Dynamics and severity model in managing fungal diseases
...mercial ornamentals. The leaf spot of Ficus religiosa (c.o. Alternaria sp.) is the first record. Fifteen fungal diseases have been formally described from West Bengal for the first time on these twelve ornamentals. Monthly dynamics was determined for occurrence, intensity and severity of these diseases. The diseases (referred as pathogens) that were the highest and fastest during warm and wet (rainy) months were: Alternaria alternata on Polyanthes tuberosa; Al...
Shyam Singh and L.P. Awasthi
Plant products for the management of yellow mosaic disease of mungbean and urdbean
...ed by Azadirachta indica leaf extract by 42.43 and 42.92 percent in mungbean and urdbean, respectively. Maximum plant height (70.90 and 56.20 cm), primary branches (6.36 and 6.38 per plant), secondary branches (13.56 and 10.68 per plant), nodules (27.48 and 37.69 per plant), pods (17.25 and 22.85 per plant), seed yield (4.43 and 3.89 g per plant) were recorded in eight sprays with Clerodendrum aculeatum leaf extract followed...
S. Pal and I. Sarkar
Pests infesting ornamental plants in hilly region of West Bengal
...misia tabaci on Gerbera, leafhopper on Gladiolus and scale insect (unspecified) on Anthurium. Amongst the thysanopteran pests Taeniothrips simplex was very much serious on Gladiolus and another species of thrips (unspecified) was found infesting Carnation. Amongst the lepidopteran pests, gram pod borer (Helicoverpa armigera) was found most important inflicting serious damage to Carnation, Gerbera, Gladiolus, Chrysanthemum and Straw flower. The green semilooper...
Freeha John, Noor Abid Saeed*, Sajid Nadeem and Muhammad Hamed
... stage (crop 1), at flag leaf stage (crop 2) and at 2nd node stage (crop 3). Decline of aphid population was observed in mid March. The highest aphid population was recorded in mid-Dec sown crop followed by end-Nov and mid-Nov sown crops. Two applications of insecticide were used to control aphids during the season. Aphid infestations were higher in untreated plots of mid-Dec sown crop followed by end-Nov and mid-Nov sown crops. Heavy infestation of...
1Sitesh Chatterjee, 1Chirasree Gangopadhyay and 2Santosh Kumar Roy
...C in the main-field. The leaf folder was also managed properly by application of chlorantraniliprole granule in seedbed along with spraying of chlorantraniliprole/spinosad in the main-field. The incidence of dead heart incidence was found lowest in chlorantraniliprole granule when applied in seedbed followed by spraying of chlorantraniliprole in the main-field or chlorantraniliprole granule application. Chlorantraniliprole granule application along with sprayi...
Muhammad Mansoor1, Amanullah1, Zafar Islam2*,Sher Muhammad3, Muhammad Umair4, Mehmood Ayaz5, Asghar Ali Khan6, Muhammad Asif2 and Ya Sakina3
...charcoal rot, cercospora leaf spot and Yellow mosaic virus.
...
Ayesha Ilyas1, Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan2,* and Abdul Qadir1,*
...terrent effects of crude leaf extracts of six indigenous plants viz., amaltas (Cassia fistula), datura (Datura alba), neem (Azadirachta indica), niazboo (Ocimum basilicum), yellow kaner (Thevetia peruviana) and safeda (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) against the peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata (Saunders), at 2% concentration in a free choice bioassays. Acetone, chloroform, petroleum ether and ethanol were us...
Attaullah Khan1, Muhammad Shafi1*, Jehan Bakht2 and Shazma Anwar1
...lant-1(11.44 and 12.79), leaf area (21.47cm2 and 25.20cm2) and more days to emergence (9.92 and 8.98), was recorded from salinity levels of 135mM and 90mM, respectively compared with maximum germination (94.80%), tillers plant-1 (4.42), leaves plant-1 (17.45), leaf area (32.10cm2) less number of days to emergence (7.54) from control. All growth parameters were significantly improved by seed priming with CaCl2 except shoot le...
Muhammad Ibrahim1,2*, Syed Jawad Ahmad Shah1, Shaukat Hussain2, Musharaf Ahmad2 and Farhatullah3
...st severity of 5 (20-29% leaf area affected) to 9 (>75% of leaf area affected) was maximum in northeren zone (40%) which was followed by the central (10%) and southern zone (3.5%). A total of 35 known and unknown cultivars were deployed in the three wheat production zones and out of these, each of the 22 occupied less than 1% acreage. Remaining wheat cultivars including Atta Habib, Auqab-2002, Bhakkar-2002, Bathoor-2008, ...
Tanveer Ahmad1, Hafiz Sultan Mahmood1*, Zulfiqar Ali1, Muhammad Azeem Khan2 and Shahid Zia3
... fibre was 3.2% of green leaf weight and average fibre length was 1348.9 mm per leaf. Average power required to decorticate sisal leaves was 3.1 kW. Operating cost of sisal decorticator together with a combing machine was Rs. 507.9 h-1. The break-even point or payback period of this technology was 233 h. Sisal fibre needs to be washed, dried and brushed after decortication process for getting good quality fibre to...
Abdur Rab1*, Muhammad Sajid1, Naveed Ahmad1, Khalid Nawab2, Syed Ghias Ali3
...alinity stress increased leaf Na+ and Na+/ K+, fruit firmness and blossom end rot (BER) incidence but significantly decreased the leaf K+ and Ca content of the fruit and yield. The foliar calcium application decreased the Na+ accumulation, Na+/ K+ ratio and BER incidence as well as increased the leaf K+ and Ca content of tomato fruit, yield and fruit firmness. The interaction of salinity a...
Muhammad Hannan Ahmed1, Muhammad Irfan Ullah1,*, Abu Bakar M. Raza1, M. Afzal1, A. Khaliq1, Yasir Iftikhar2 and Hafiz Muhammad Aatif3
...ge thrips population per leaf on various Bt and non-Bt varieties showed that the CIM-557 along with BT-703 had the highest number of thrips density while Bt variety FH-113 had the lowest thrips population per leaf. Similarly, in relation to thermal effect, high thrips population was recorded at 29-35oC but population declined at 40°Ċ. Findings are helpful for appropriate management of...
Nargis Bano and Khalid Mahmood Qureshi*
...butes, but augmented the leaf proline. SA application significantly increased plant fresh and dry weight, leaf area, proline and decreased root length, number of roots and water use efficiency. SA treatment therefore decreased adverse effect of stress on strawberry plants. Thus the result suggests that SA at a concentration of 3mML-1 concentration could be used commercially to improve yield of strawberry...
Shakeel Ahmad Anjum, Muhammad Farrukh Saleem, Muhammad Shahid, Abdul Shakoor*, Muhammad Safeer, Imran Khan, Ayesha Farooq, Iftkhar Ali and Usman Nazir
... 1% Zn at 9th leaf stage; B (F) = foliar application of 0.5% B at 9th leaf stage; Zn (S) +B (S) = soil application of Zn @ 12 kg ha-1 + B @ of 3 kg ha-1 and Zn (F) +B (F) = foliar application of1% Zn + 0.5%B at 9 leaf stage. Foliar application of Zn and B produced more plant height, cob length, girth, stem girth, shelling percentage, number of gr...
Estimation of Heritability, Genetic Advance and Correlation for Marphological Traits in Spring Wheat
Arshad Iqbal1*, Iftikhar Hussain Khalil1, Syed Mehar Ali Shah1 and Muhammad Sharif Kakar2
...to maturity (days), flag leaf area (cm2), spike length (cm), grains spike-1 (no.), grains weight spike-1 (g), biological yield (kg ha-1) and grain yield (kg ha-1). Mean performance of genotypes showed that all the spring wheat genotypes performed well for all the traits. Spring wheat cultivar Tatara showed best performance for maturity, similarly, genotype SM12 performed well for grains spike-1 and grain weight spike-1, whereas, genotype SM4 performed well for...
Ehab Bo Trabi1,2, Xianjun Yuan1, Junfeng Li1, Zhihao Dong1, Assar Ali Shah2 and Tao Shao1,2,*
... composition of mulberry leaf (Morus Alba) silage was treated with glucose and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) additives. The groups were as follow: silage without additive as a control (c); glucose 1% fresh matter basis (G1); glucose 2% (G2); glucose 3% (G3); Lactobacillus Plantarum (LAB1); Pediococuss acidilactici (LAB2); Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LAB3). All the silos were incubated at 25°C. Then, 90 days later, the fermentation qua...
Bibi Haleema1*, Abdur Rab1 and Syed Asghar Hussain2
...s, leaves plant-1 (182), leaf area (65.52 cm2), and fruit per plant (66.15). In case of B levels, more plant height (88.14 cm), number of primary (2.61) and secondary (7.44) branches, number of leaves plant-1 (177), number fruits plant-1 (67.78) were recorded with foliar spray of B at 0.25%, while maximum leaf area was found at 0.5% B. Comparing the means for Zn concentrations, maximum plant height (86.53 cm), number of prim...
Rafiullah*, Muhammad Jamal Khan and Dost Muhammad
...ctive absorption through leaf stomata and translocation to other parts of the plant body. The plant height, shoot and root dry biomass yield increased by 55, 40 and 35%, respectively, at 144 mM KH2PO4 solution over control. The shoot and root [P] as well as its total uptake by wheat seedlings also showed several times increase over control. Further increase beyond 144 mM KH2PO4 though did not show any adverse effect and was no better than lower P levels. It is...
Ayesha Aihetasham1*, Khalid Zamir Rasib2, Syeda Rida Hasan1, Imran Bodlah3
...oncentrations of aqueous leaf extracts of three medicinal plants viz., Carica papaya (paw paw), Helianthus annus (Sunflower) and Bougainvillea glabra (Paper flower) against Heterotermes indicola. The leaf extract of C. papaya caused highest mortality i.e. 100% of 10%, 5% and 3% concentration. Bougainvillea glabra and H. annus caused 100% mortality at 10% and 5% concentration while 96.4% mortality on 3% concentration after ex...
Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad1*, Syed Makhdoom Hussain1, Farhat Jabeen1, Abdullah Ijaz Hussain 2,Sajjad Ahmad3, Abida Ashraf4,Muhammad Zubair-ul-Hassan Arsalan1
...ngs fed Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MOLM) based test diets. Anti-utritional factors (phytate) are present in plant by-products reduces the bioavailability of minerals to fish, resulting in poor fish erformance. Test ingredient was used as M.oleiferaleaf meal (MOLM) to prepare six experimental diets that were supplemented with graded levels of phytase (0, 300, 600, 900, 1200 and 1500 FTU kg-1). The fingerlings were fed at the...
Muhammad Zahid1*, Muhammad Ather Javed Khan2, Muhammad Idrees3 and Ahmad Kamran Khan4
...rs were aware of hoeing, leaf curl virus and biological control of insects-pests. Before integrated pest management all the farmers used pesticides haphazardly while 1.3% used after it. 90.7%, 86.7% and 97.3% farmers were aware of economic threshold level of harmful insects, use of pesticides at economic threshold level and clean cotton picking respectively. 94.7% growers adopted thinning of plants, 91.3% knew pest scouting, 87.3% used pesticides after pest sc...
Waqas Liaqat1, Mohammad Akmal1* and Jawad Ali
...morphology (i.e. height, leaf area, ear height, cobs per plant and its weight) that showed differences in biomass and grain yields. The study suggested that a delay in sowing of maize crop from June in the region after Wheat or Berseem harvesting has a significant decrease (p<0.05) in production. Nonetheless, sowing made in August is unable to mature grains properly. The yield losses rate relatively expands from July 15 onwards for maize in Peshawar valley....
Muhammad Zamin* and Abdul Mateen Khattak
...cover, canopy stiffness, leaf length and width. Most of the ecotypes gave better performance at mowing height 3 and 4 cm, which comply with the standard mowing height for turf grasses. Ecotypes RS2, MZADS1 and SAADS1 resulted in the best performance against mowing shock. Based on their performance, these ecotypes could be used for turf purposes in public landscape under saline environments. ...
Muhammad Ijaz Khan* and Amanullah Jan
...Higher crop growth rate, leaf area plant, plant height, biological yield (above ground parts of the plant), grain and straw N contents were found in five times irrigated plots as compared with lower irrigation regime. Results showed that growth characteristics and quality of maize were significantly affected by soil conditioners (SC). Farmyard manure incorporation produced significantly higher crop growth rate, leaf area pla...
A. R. Rattu, M. Fayyaz, I. Ahmad, M. A. Akhtar* A. A. Hakro and K. A. Khanzada**
...uated against stripe and leaf rust at multilocations in different agro-ecological zones of the country presenting hot spots for leaf and yellow rust along with artificial inoculation with prevalent pathotypes. These candidate lines were undergoing mandatory testing to develop varieties for irrigated and rainfed areas of Pakistan. Out of these 29 candidate lines, 9 were common to NUWYT 2003-04 and 2004-05. Three candidate lin...
Raania Ahsan* and Zafar Altaf**
...ese varieties are Cotton leaf curl virus susceptible, poor in fiber quality and high input demanding unapproved varieties. Almost all these varieties employed Monsanto Cry1Acgene (MON 531) as it was not patented in Pakistan. A positive development was approval of Monsanto plan to introduce advanced genetically modified (GM) crop technology in Pakistan by Government of Pakistan during 2009. In this regard Ministry of Food and Agriculture (MINFA) has been workin...
Zaheer Ahmad, M. Yaqub Mujahid, M. Anwar Khan, Shaheena Yasmin, M. Asif and Maqsood Qamar*
...tance against yellow and leaf rust and also good quality. Spot examination of the line was conducted on March 24, 2009 and also recommended by experts of sub-committee of Punjab Seed Council in a meeting held at AARI, Faisalabad. The variety case was presented in Punjab Seed Council meeting and was approved as a commercial variety namely NARC-2009 for cultivation in rainfed areas of Pakistan....
Shazia Erum*, Muhammad Naeemullah, Shahid Masood** and Muhammad Irfan Khan*
...plant, florets/spike and leaf area. A UPGMA cluster, grouped the 9 Ocimum genotypes into two major clusters on the basis of total seed protein and phenotypic characters, except Siam Queen and Lime basil stand alone, respectively. Euclidian distance for morphological traits ranged from 3.60 to 7.26. Conversely on the basis of total seed proteins genetic distances ranged from 0.11 to 1.00. Due to greater genetic diversity in Ocimum germplasm and its suitability ...
Xia-Lin Zheng1, Pan Wang2, Jun-Yan Liu1, Yu-Jing Zhang1, Jun Li1 and Wen Lu1,*
Khalid Mahmood Qureshi, Fakhar ul Hassan, Qamar ul Hassan, Usman Shaukat Qureshi, Saman Chughtai and Adnan Saleem*
IMPACT OF CULTIVATION SYSTEMS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF STRAWBERRY (FRAGARIA ANANASSA) CV. �CHANDLER�
...eight, number of leaves, leaf area, fresh and dry weights of leaves, crown size , root length and reproductive parameters i.e., number of trusses, number of flowers, number of fruits, fruit size, fruit weight and qualitative measures viz., total soluble solids, total sugars, ascorbic acid were found significantly higher under tunnel condition as compared to other cultivation systems. The experiment was arranged by employing the Randomized Complete Block Design...
Habib Iqbal Javed, Ashiq Saleem, Javed Fateh, Mozammil Hussain, Naheed Akhtar and Shamim-ul-Sibtain Shah*
DEVELOPMENT OF RESISTANT MAIZE GERMPLASM
...tant germplasm showed no leaf damage while 9 others had 7.10 - 44.7% infestation. In checks, the infestation was from 27.9 to 100.0%. The selected materials were again maintained by self pollination to make pure lines. During autumn 2001, selected material was screened under double artificial infestation, first at 3-4 leaf stage of the crop and the second 10 days after first infestation with 15 newly hatched larvae per plant...
Safdar Ali, Sahiba, M. Azim Malik, Fayyaz-ul-Hassan and M. Ansar*
GROWTH OF RAINFED FODDER MAIZE UNDER DIFFERENT LEVELS OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS
...eight, stem diameter and leaf area. It was concluded that fertilizers combination of -1 180:90 NP kg ha was recommended for obtaining higher maize fodder yield under rainfed conditions of Rawalpindi, Pakistan....
Wabekwa, J.W., I.A. Sodagni and F.K. Mohammad*
PHYSIOLOGICAL GROWTH AND YIELD EVALUATION IN PMINERALIZED SUNFLOWER (HELIANTHUS ANNUS L.) UNDER SUDANOSAHELIAN AGRO-ECOLOGY, NIGERIA
...ce. It was observed that leaf area per plant and plant dry weight increased with -1 increasing P O rates (40-60 kg ha ) at 6, 8 and 10 weeks after sowing (WAS) 2 5 . Crop growth rates similarly increased with increasing P O rates (40-80 kg 2 5 -1 ha ) at 6 WAS in both years and the combined means for the two years, and at 8 WAS in 2011 and the combined analysis. Days to 50% flowering and head dry weight were not significantly influenced by P O rates and 1000- ...
Muhammad Sohail*, Imtiaz Hussain*, Riaz-ud-din*, Syed Haider Abbas*, Maqsood Qamar* and Muhammad Noman*
EFFECT OF SPLIT N FERTILIZER APPLICATION ON PHYSIOAGRONOMIC TRAITS OF WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) UNDER RAINFED CONDITIONS
... linked with better flag leaf chlorophyll retention and cooler crop canopies during grain filling stages which showed positive association with grain yield....
Sara Khalid*, Khalid Mahmood Qureshi*, Ishfaq Ahmad Hafiz*, Khalid Saifullah Khan* and Usman Shaukat Qureshi*
EFFECT OF ORGANIC AMENDMENTS ON VEGETATIVE GROWTH, FRUIT AND YIELD QUALITY OF STRAWBERRY
...lanting media + 200 g kg leaf manure; T = planting media + 200 3 4 -1 -1 g kg vermicompost; T = planting media + 200 g kg plant fertilizer and T = 5 6 -1 planting media + 200 g kg bio-compost during 2011-12 at PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi. Treatment T (soil + silt + FYM) induced 1 positive influence on plant height (15.21 cm), canopy spread (20.37 cm), crown diameter (1.47 cm), fresh weight of plant (10.71 g), number of runners per plant (2), t...
Rabeea Tariq*, Khalid Mahmood Qureshi*, Imran Hassan*, Muhammad Rasheed* and Usman Shaukat Qureshi*
EFFECT OF PLANTING DENSITY AND GROWING MEDIA ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF STRAWBERRY
...ant height, canopy size, leaf area, number of fruits, fruit size, fruit weight and titratable acidity. A significant increase in fresh and dry weight of leaves, number of leaves, fruit yield in term of fruit number, fruit size and fruit weight, and fruit quality with high ascorbic acid contents were observed. On the other hand, plants grown in silt, sand and FYM (1 : 1 : 1) at both planting densities showed significant increment in vegetative growth resulting ...
Md. Nazirul Islam*, A. K. Azad**, Leon O. Namuco***, Teresita H. Borromeo***, Maria Lourdes O. Cedo*** and Edna A. Aguilar***
MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERIZATION AND DIVERSITY ANALYSIS OF A MAKAPUNO COCONUT POPULATION IN U.P. LOS BANOS
...uit characteristics, and leaf structure was observed in the population of 52 palms. Yield of makapuno was estimated as 88%. Simultaneous occurrence of male and female phases allows self-pollination, which favors higher yield of makapuno. The principal component analysis revealed that fruit, nut and husk weight accounted for 99 % of the observed variation. Twelve morphological variables, grouped the population into 6 clusters. Common characters of palm belongin...
Muhammad Sohail*, Imtiaz Hussain*, Riaz-ud-Din*, Sikandar Khan Tanveer*, Maqsood Qamar* and Syed Haider Abbas*
EVALUATION OF ADVANCE WHEAT LINES FOR AGRONOMIC TRAITS IN RAINFED ENVIRONMENT
...rrelated to their better leaf chlorophyll retention and maintenance of low canopy temperature during grain filling periods particularly under late planting conditions. Findings of this study have indications that wheat sowing up to November 15 is more appropriate time and advance lines NR- 397 and NARC-09 have the genetic potential to tolerate adverse rainfed growing conditions under agro-ecological conditions of Pothwar region, Pakistan....
Frasat Saeed*, Jehanzeb Farooq*, Abid Mahmood**, Tassawar Hussain***, Muhammad Riaz* and Saghir Ahmad****
GENETIC DIVERSITY IN UPLAND COTTON FOR COTTON LEAF CURL VIRUS DISEASE, EARLINESS AND FIBER QUALITY
...ton production is cotton leaf curl virus disease (CLCuD). For estimation of genetic diversity regarding CLCuD tolerance, fiber quality and some yield contributing traits, 101 cotton genotypes imported from USA were evaluated. Different statistical procedures like cluster, principle components (PC) and correlation analysis were employed to identify the suitable genotypes that can be further exploited in breeding programme. Significant associations were found be...
Aniqa Iram*, Javed Khan**, Nadeem Aslam**, Ehsan-ul-Haq**, Habib Iqbal Javed**, Muhammad Irfan*, Awais Rasool*, Muhammad Ishaque Mastoi** and Sumera Aslam*
EFFICACY OF PLANT DERIVED OILS AND EXTRACTS AGAINST WHITEFLY, BEMISIA TABACI (GENNADIUS) ON SESAME CROP
... whitefly population per leaf, while after second spray soybean oil and extract of Mentha spp. was more effective in the reducing whitefly population per leaf. The results indicated that plant derived oils and extracts have the potential to be used in plant protection strategies but still more research has to be incorporated in the pest management programmes....
Maimoona Bashir*, Imtiaz Ahmad Qamar*, Muhammad Fateh Ullah Khan* and Raheel Babar*
EFFECT OF MIXING LOW PALATABLE GRASS OF HETEROPOGON CONTORTUS WITH IPIL IPIL LEAVES ON DIGESTIBILITY IN GOATS
...that grass and ipil ipil leaf mixture are better regarding forage quality and nutrient digestibility and can be recommended as animal feed....
Muhammad Tahir* and Nawal Zafar*
FORAGE YIELD AND QUALITY PERFORMANCE OF RABI CEREALS SOWN ALONE AND IN BLENDED POPULATION AT VARIABLE SEED RATIOS
...number of leaves plant , leaf area, crop growth -1 -1 rate, fresh weight plant , dry weight plant , green forage yield and dry matter yield were obtained in plots where barley was sown alone at 100% seed ratio. The highest crude fiber and total ash percentage was observed in plots where oat was sown alone at 100% seed ratio and crude protein percentage was highest when oat was blended together with barley at 75% + 25% seed ratios....
Ishaq Ahmad*, Abdul Rehman**, Ehsan –Ul- Haq*** and Arif Mahmood****
RESISTANCE RESPONSE OF RICE ( L.) GERMPLASM AGAINST RICE LEAF FOLDER ( G.) UNDER GREENHOUSE CONDITION IN PAKISTAN
...stify;"> Rice leaf folder ( G.) is a key insect pest of rice crop and distributed all over the rice growing areas of the world including Pakistan. The infestation of rice leaf folder often appears very suddenly resulting in huge yield losses. Host plant resistance is an important component of IPM. It is easy to use, viable, durable, effective and long term method as compared to any other control measure. It was im...
Ummad-ud-Din Umar*, Muhammad Aslam Khan**, *Ateeq-urRehman*, Abdul Hannan***, Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi*, Azhar Ali Khan****, Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar****
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF POTATO LEAF ROLL VIRUS DISEASE PREDICTION MODEL BASED ON ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS FOR FAISALABAD, PAKISTAN
...dictive model for Potato leaf roll virus (PLRV) was developed based on a ten year dataset of disease incidence and environmental variables and validated by two years data collected in Faisalabad, Pakistan. Maximum and minimum air temperatures, relative humidity and rainfall were employed as independent variables while PLRV disease incidence served as the response variable. Stepwise regression analysis was performed to select potentially useful predictor variab...
Muhammad Bilal*, Zafar Abbas*, Ijaz Ahmad**, Muhammad Aslam*, Muhammad Ijaz****, Adnan Shakeel***, Mushtaq Ahmad*** and Kashif Bashir*****
RESPONSE OF DIFFERENT COTTON ( L.) GENOTYPES AT VARIOUS SALINITY LEVELS
...loride (Cl ) contents in leaf sap were present more in salinity gradient treatment cotton genotypes as compared to farmer practice. Overall, findings revealed that higher to lower salinity levels did not suit to tested varieties. At optimum salinity stress level, all varieties performed optimally under salt conditions....
Mehwish Kiran*, Muhammad Saleem Jilani*, Kashif Waseem*
and Muhammad Sohail**
EFFECT OF ORGANIC MANURES AND INORGANIC FERTILIZERS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF RADISH ( L)
...0-65-100 kg ha . Data on leaf plant , leaf length (cm), fresh leaf weight plant (g), dry leaf weight plant (g), root length (cm), root diameter (cm), fresh root weight plant (g), dry root weight plant (g), total biomass plant (g), root yield pot (g) and root yield (t ha ) were recorded and analyzed statistically. The results revealed that all growth attr...
Shakir Ullah*, Aish Muhammad*, Iqbal Hussian*, Hafeez-Ur-Rahman**, Muhammad Zeeshan Hyder***, Muhammad Din**** and Nizamud Din
MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATIONS IN APRICOT CULTIVARS GROWN IN GILGIT BALTISTAN PAKISTAN
.../b>
size and leaf blade shape were highly correlated (r = 0.383). Positive
correlation found in shape of fruit, weight and percentage of moisture (r =
0.336 and 0.272). Significant correlation was found between fruit weight,
percentage of moisture (r = 0.681) shape of stone (r = 0.067). The result of
this study may be useful for identification and morphological variations of
apricot in Pak...
Asif ullah Khan*, Faizan Ullah*, Sultan Mehmood*, Muhammad Irshad* and Farhat Ullah Khan**
ALLELOPATHIC EFFECTS OF JATROPHA CURCAS L. LEAF AQUEOUS EXTRACT ON EARLY SEEDLING GROWTH OF L. PARTHENIUM HYSTEROPHORUS
...llelopathic potential of leaf aqueous extract was investigated on seed germination and seedling development of L. Extracts were applied at 25%, 20%, 15%, 10% and 5% as seed soaking for 8 hours prior to sowing. Phenolics compounds were found in aqueous extracts and were higher in 25% extract (52.72 mg gallic acid eq. / gm of extract). Higher concentration of the extract (25%) significantly decreased seed germination (%), seed germination index, shoot fresh weig...
Tassadduq Rasool*, Ali Zohaib*, Ehsanullah*, Riaz Ahmad*, Tasawer Abbas*, Tahira Tabassum*, Muhammad Ather Nadeem*, Mahmood-ul-Hassan*
FORAGE YIELD AND QUALITY IN PEARL MILLET-SESBANIA INTERCROPPING SYSTEM UNDER VARIOUS GEOMETRICAL PATTERNS
...ecrease in height (23%), leaf area (42%) and number of leaves (16%) of pearl millet was occurred by intercropping sesbania in 45 cm apart two-row strips of pearl millet, as compared to sole cropping of pearl millet. Total green forage yield (60%) was increased by sesbania intercropping over sole-cropping of pearl millet and the intercropping of sesbania in 45 cm apart two-row strips of pearl millet was most beneficial. Intercropping improved quality of fodder ...
Nasarullah*, Raiz uddin*, Fakhar Uddin* and Muhammad Jamal*
INTERPRETING WHEAT GENOTYPES FOR GRAIN YIELD UNDER DIFFERENT REGIMES OF KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA
...ht and grain yield. Flag leaf area (cm displayed non-significant differences across environments and its interaction with genotypes. Mean values across the environments range between 147.17 to 174.00, 190.83 to 202.83, 23.32 to 54.13,78.40 to 115.17, 9.72 to 13.08, 16.33 to 23.80 for days to heading, maturity, flag leaf area, plant height, spike length and spikelets spike , respectively. The estimates of broad sense heritabi...
Farhan Ahmad1,*, Muhammad Waris Sanjrani1, Shah Nawaz Khuhro1, Asif Sajjad2, Abid Ali3, Rashad Rasool Khan3, Farooq Ahmed3 and Junhe Liu4,*
... and 5.5 individuals per leaf, respectively. While the lowest was recorded in Hyderabad (1.9) and Mirpurkhas (2.2). On the other hand, the highest percent parasitism was observed in Khaipur, Tando Muhammad Khan, Nausharo Feroze and Sangar i.e. 14.1, 10.5, 10.4 and 10.5 percent, respectively whereas the lowest percent parasitism was recorded in Hyderabad (5.8) and Matiari (5.9). The study regarding impact of abiotic factors on whitefly population and per...
Ghufran ul Haq1*, Muhammad Arif2, Asad Ali2 and Mian Inayatullah3
...valence of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) and the population of its vector, whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci), and determine the transmission properties of the prevalent isolate of the virus in the major tomato growing areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP). For this purpose, surveys were conducted in the hilly areas of Mohmand Agency and Malakand Agency and plains of Shabqadar, Charsadda and Peshawar during 2011, 2012 and 2013, to determine the incidence of TYLCV ...
Syed Makhdoom Hussain1,*, Muhammad Zubair ul Hassan Arsalan1, Arshad Javid2, Abdullah Ijaz Hussain3, Nosheen Aslam4, Qasim Ali5, Majid Hussain6, Muhammad Masoom ul Hassan Rehan7, Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad1,8, Anam Khalid1 and Danish Riaz1
Rizwana Qamar1, Maria Ghias1, Fida Hussain1, Sajida Habib1, Muhammad Khuram Razzaq2*, Muhammad Aslam1 and Imran Habib3
...hlorophyll fluorescence, leaf temperature (°C) and relative water contents (%). Results indicated the presence of significant genetic variability among hybrids and inbred lines. Hybrids had more tolerance to drought conditions on both levels of water stress treatments. With the increase in stress, root length and leaf temperature increased, while shoot length, plant fresh and dry weight, chlorophyll fluorescence and rela...
Tanzim Ullah Khan1*, Mohammad Tariq Jan1, Ahmad Khan1, Gulzar Ahmad2, Muhammad Ishaq2, Khilwat Afridi2, Murad Ali2, Muhammad Adeel Qureshi2, Imtiaz Ahmad3 and Muhammad Saeed2
...ers m-2 (238), increased leaf area (27.87 cm2), grains spike-1 (42), thousand grains weight (48.38 g), biological yield (7244 kg ha-1), grain yield (2644 kg ha-1) and harvest index (36.30 %). More productive tillers m-2 (5.4%), leaf area (6.7%), grains spike-1 (5%), 1000 grain weight (4.4%), biological yield (5.8%), grain yield (16.7%) and harvest index (11.2%) were observed in PM incorporated plots compared to control. Opti...
Imadud Din1*, Fazal Munsif1, Irfan Ahmad Shah3, Hamayoon Khan1, Fahad Ullah Khan1, Ibrarullah2, Shahab Uddin4 and Tauqir Islam1
...or PR-111, while intense leaf area index was displayed by PR-103. Hybrid-404 had relatively higher grain spike-1 while PR-114 was observed for highest 1000-grain weight. Among the genotypes Pirsabak-08 excelled for dwarf traits, while Hybrid-403 was found early maturing genotypes. Grain yield was positively correlated with productive tillers m-2, and biological yield. Genotypes PR-110 and Hybrid-404 resulted in superior grain yield among the genotypes. The res...
Xia Lin Zheng1, Zhen Hua Xian1, Zhen De Yang2, Xiu Hao Yang3 and Wen Lu1,*
...i> sp. damaged stems and leafstalks. The damage ratio and the index of Jaapiella sp. in December 2012, March, July and December 2013 were 9.7±2.0%, 14.8±1.9%, 24.1±1.5%, 12.3±0.6% and 25.6%, 31.3%, 35.6%, 26.2%, respectively, while those of Contarinia sp. were 33.2±3.4%, 38.4±4.3%, 43.2±3.1%, 31.6±3.5% and 29.6%, 30.9%, 36.0%, 30.9%, respectively. The results will provide essential info...
Riaz Aziz Minhas1,*, Muhammad Nasim Khan1, Muhammad Siddique Awan1, Basharat Ahmad1, Syda Shaista Bibi1, Mohsin Hanif1 and Afsar Mian2
...nopithecus spp.) are leaf eating monkeys fragmentally distributed in northern hills of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) and Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK). It was believed that different fragmented populations of these monkeys might have experienced a genetic isolation or inbreeding. We assessed the level of genetic diversity and genetic isolation of different langur populations using Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) genetic markers. We collected 86 differen...
Fazal Munsif1, Muhammad Zahid1, Muhammad Arif2, Kawsar Ali3 and Ijaz Ahmad1
...of leaves tiller-1, mean leaf area, leaf area index, stem diameter, number of nodes tiller-1, internodes length, cane yield, total dry matter, cane yield, pol and sugar recovery. Higher number of tillers (14.0), number of nodes tiller-1 (15.3) mean leaf area (466.3 cm2), leaf area index (10.47), internode length (14.3 cm), thicker canes (2.48 cm), total ...
Ali Sher1*, Khalid Naveed1, Gulzar Ahmad2, Ayub Khan1, Muhammad Saeed1 and Shah Masaud1
...stage. Days to anthesis, leaf area tiller-1, leaf area index, plant height, days to physiological maturity and biological yield were significantly increased by both N and Zn while the same parameters except days to anthesis, days to physiological maturity were also significantly enhanced by using Fe. Result revealed that higher leaf area tiller-1 (113 cm2), leaf
Majid Hussain1, Syed Makhdoom Hussain1,*, Razia Iqbal2, Arshad Javid3, Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad1,4 and Muhammad Zubair-ul-Hassan Arsalan1
... Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MOLM) based diets on hematological indices, nutrient digestibility and growth performance of Catla catla fingerlings. MOLM based diet was sub-divided into one control diet (0% CA) and five test diets, each supplemented with 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5% CA, respectively. Chromic oxide as an inert marker was added in the diets to determine nutrient digestibility. The fingerlings were fed twice daily at the rate of 5 % of live ...
Muhammad Faheem Jan1*, Asad Ali Khan1, Waqas Liaqat1, Haseeb Ahmad1, Muhammad Dawood Ahmadzai1 and Wazir Rehan2
... and crop growth (single leaf area, leaf area index, and plant height) which resulted in different grain yield. Among hybrids DK-Garanon gave highest value for all the studied parameters as compared to others hybrids. Similarly, in K ratios higher values for the studied traits were recorded in plots which were treated with K 40% from organic (poultry manure) and 60% from inorganic (sulphate of potash) sources. It can be conc...
Dilara A. Bukhari1,*, Naureen Fatima1 and Abdul Rehman2
...which 75% were from dry, leaf litter, garden soil samples, 15% were from animal waste and 10 % were from moist soil of the crop area. A 650bp of cry11 gene was amplified by PCR and seven isolateswere found positive for cry11 gene. The 16S rDNA study exposed that these screened B.t. confirmed 99% homology with B.t. serovar tolworthi, B.t. str. Al Hakam, B.t. serover thuringiensis, B.t. serova...
Saif Ullah and Mohammad Akmal*
...ximum days to flowering, leaf chlorophyll content, capitulum diameter and grains including their weight, which resulted in higher grains yield. Likewise, the increased in P rates have shown better results for all the observed traits with P 90 kg ha-1. Sulphur application of 30 kg ha-1 also showed better performance on sunflower yield traits. At some observations S 20 and 30 kg ha-1 were found non-significant. Situation like field remains longer under cereal cr...
Yasir Ali1*, Muhammad Aslam Khan1, Muhammad Atiq1 and Muhammad Hussain2
...fy;">Epidemics caused by leaf, stripe and stem rust have significant threat to agro-ecosystems and worldwide food security. Semi-dwarf wheat varieties with major gene resistance could not continue for longer period due to emergence of new rust races. However, genotypes such as Inqilab-91, Bluebird, Kenya Plume and Hope developed in early part of green revolution retained their resistance for longer period due to presence of non-specific rust resistance genes. ...
Raza Ullah Khan*, Ahmad Khan, Mohammad Zameer Khan, Fayyaz Hussain and Sonia Saba
...anslocation from root to leaf was observed in this treatment. Besides, plant other parameters such as chlorophyll contents also increased when P was equally applied as soil and foliar. ...
Arshad Iqbal1*, Syed Mehar Ali Shah1, Hidayat ur Rahman1, Faiza Aman2 and Aziz-ur-Rahman1
...to maturity (days), flag leaf area (cm2), culm length (cm), panicle length (cm), primary branches panicle-1 (no.) and secondary panicle branches (no.). Analysis of variance showed highly significant (p ≤ 0.01) differences for parents, F5:6 lines and parents vs F5:6 lines for all the studied traits. Among the F5:6 lines, AUP-304 showed minimum days to heading (91 days) while the F5:6 line AUP-361 took minimum days to maturity (118 days). F5:6 line AUP-311 ex...
Inzimamul Haq1*, Shahid Sattar1, Bashir Ahmed1, Qamar Zeb2 and Amjad Usman3
...recorded on the basis of leaf injury scale from 1 to 5 and percent dead hearts. Results showed that Imidacloprid + T. chilonis resulted in significantly lower leaf injury m-2 (1.32) and dead hearts (4.16 %) closely followed by the plots treated with emamectin benzoate + T. chilonis with leaf injury m2 (1.74) and dead hearts (7.50 %) while significantly higher leaf<...
Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi1*, Ummad-ud-Din Umar1, Ammarah Hasnain2, Ateeq ur Rehman1 and Rashida Perveen1
...ign: justify;">Bacterial leaf blight is a devastating disease of paddy rice crop throughout the rice growing countries. Several commonly available plant decoctions were investigated as the bioactive eco-friendly compounds, and as the possible alternatives to hazardous chemicals for the control of BLB of rice. Aqueous extracts of fifteen different plant parts either individually or in combination were tested at various concentrations under in vitro conditions b...
Muhammad Asghar1*, Mirza Muhammad Qadeer Baig1, Sanaullalh Chaudhary1 and Muhammad Anjum Ali2
... to the control of brown leaf spot (BLS) disease on rice crop by using different combinations of fungicide (difenoconazole) with various concentrations of sprayable formulations of macronutrients (NPK) was conducted during Kharif 2012 to 14 at Adaptive Research Farm, Gujranwala, Pakistan. The experiment was conducted on a promising basmati rice cultivars Super basmati in RCBD with three repeats. The spray of difenoconazole at rate of 315 mlha-1 + 500gha-1 of N...
Ali Zohaib1*, Saima Yousaf1,2, Shakeel Ahmad Anjum1, Tahira Tabassum1, Tasawer Abbas3, Wardah Muzaffar1 and Wasiq Ikram2
...tal chlorophyll content, leaf area index, leaf area duration, crop growth rate and dry matter yield. Seed inoculation with P. fluorescens produced more pronounced results for all the studied traits as compared to R. japonicum. The tested genotypes of soybean did not differ for allometric traits and dry matter yield; however, EBR4V4 produced the tallest plants. In conclusion, seed inoculation of soybean improved the growth, a...
Misbahullah, Shad Khan Khalil, Asim Muhammad*, Afza Tabassum and Shah Fahad
... dynamics, phenology and leaf tracts of variety Atta Habib was sown at the Research Farm of Agronomy, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan throughout 2015-16. Used of sorghum extract with three concentrations (1:3, 1:4, 1:5), weedicide (affinity) with three different levels (1/3, 1/ 2, 2/3 of the recommended dose) and 3 times of application (emergence,tillering,50% at emergence + fifty percent at tillering). Herbicide sole, weeded by hand and un we...
Imran Khan1*, Muhammad Iqbal1 and Malik Muhammad Hashim2
...mber of leaves plant -1, leaf length (cm), leaf area (cm2), leaf weight plant-1(g), root weight plant-1 (g), root/top ratio, root length (cm), root diameter (cm), sucrose%, tss %, purity %, leaf yield (t ha-1), root yield (t ha-1), sugar yield (t ha-1) and harvesting index. The results indicated significant variation among the treatments for all paramete...
Ghulam Ali1,3, Wopke van der Werf2 and Just M. Vlak1,
...eight gain of the cotton leafworm Spodoptera litura following application of two viral doses of Spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus (Pakistan isolate SpltNPV-Pak-BNG). Infected larvae with final polyhedrosis (disease resulting in dissolution of larval tissues and accumulation of viral occlusion bodies) exhibited reduced food intake and weight gain relative to uninfected larvae. The unexposed larvae and the larvae that were exposed but survived exhibi...
Zakiullah1, Muhammad Farid Khan1*, Muhammad Mohibullah3, Muhammad Iqbal2, Irfanullah3, Faheemullah3, Madiha Urooj1 and Uzma Arif1
...rmination, plant height, leaf area, number of grains ear-1, grains moisture % at harvest, grain yield and biological yield. Mean square values due to general combining ability were highly significant (P≤0.01) for all the experimental parameters except grain yield and biological yield. Highly significant specific combining ability for direct and reciprocal crosses shows highly significant differences for all the studied parameters. PSEV-3 proved best combine...
Aqeel Mehboob, Syed Muhammad Zaka*, Muhammad Sarmadand Maryam Bajwa
... and Piper nigrum leaf extracts were evaluated against S. litura by choice and no choice method under laboratory controlled conditions. In M. oleifera extract, the maximum antifeedant index was recorded in 125.00 mg/ml (64.93±2.61), while minimum antifeedant index was observed in 7.81 mg/ml i.e. 8.39 ± 1.85 by no choice method. In case of M. paniculata extract, the maximum antifeedant index was 98.90±0.67...
Ali Awais, Charassri Nualsri and Watcharin Soonsuwon*
...ots, seeds, panicles and leaf morphology. Phenotypic observations determined that the Dawk Kha 50 has more potential of variability than Dawk Pa-yawm towards EMS. Later selection in the advance generations might be useful to isolate agronomically useful mutants for the future use in upland rice breeding programme. ...
Muhammad Usman Asif*, Raza Muhammad, Waseem Akbar, Mubasshir Sohail and Muhammad Awais
... attack of jassids (0.21/leaf) whitefly (0.29/leaf) and thrips (1.63/leaf). Similarly, NIA-M-16 also showed the lowest infestation of whitefly (0.29/leaf). Whereas, infestation of bollworms illustrated that NIA-M-20 was highly susceptible against spotted and pink bollworms with percent infestation of 5.52 and 2.79%, respectively. The genotype NIA-HM...
Ajmal Khan Kassi1,*, Humayun Javed1 and Tariq Mukhtar2
...arily, hair densities on leaf midrib and leaf lamina were comparatively less in case of comparatively resistant varieties as compared to intermediate resistant and comparatively susceptible varieties. With one exception in each category, no significant differences were observed regarding area, moisture, thickness of leaves and fruit length of okra varieties. The leaf area was slightly grea...
Tahira Moeen Khan* and Amat ul Mateen
...cer agents. In this work leaf extracts of Melia azedarach (commonly known as dharaik) a species of family Meliaceae and Morus nigra (commonly known as Shahtoot) family Moraceae were used for bio reduction of copper ions to CuO nanoparticles in place of harmful and expensive chemical/physical methods. A cheaper, simple to perform method giving high yield without by products is employed here. The leaf extrac...
Muhammad Arshad1, Muhammad Irfan Ullah1,*, Muhammad Afzal1, Yasir Iftikhar2, Samina Khalid3, Zahoor Hussain4, Jaime Molina-Ochoa5,6 and John E. Foster6
...rvae....
Muhammad Ijaz, Sayed Rashad Ali Shah*, Muhammad Izhar-ul-Haq and Amir Afzal
...xt-align: justify;">Late leaf spot (LLS) is the most destructive, widespread, and consistent in occurrence disease of groundnut worldwide. LLS is the imperative factor while developing resistance varieties along with agronomic characteristics. In total, 153 groundnut botanically different genotypes namely Virginia, Spanish, and Valencia were screened under filed conditions and detached leaf assay against LLS pathogen. Most o...
Ailing Huang, Lingyu Meng, Wei Zhang, Junyan Liu, Guangyao Li, Huihua Tan, Wen Lu and Xialin Zheng*
...e) were tested using the leaf-dipping method. Meanwhile, effects of these pesticides on detoxifying and protective enzymes in P. flammans larvae were also measured. Results showed that the LC50 value of beta-cypermethrin, abamectin, chlorpyrifos, thiamethoxam and bisultap against P. flammans larvae were related to the instar and pesticide. Control efficacy of beta-cypermethrin was the best among of these pesticides, and the LC50
Hassan Naveed1,2, Kamran Sohail2 and Yalin Zhang2*
...y;">Three species in the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae, Changwhania terauchii Matsumura (1915) n. rec., Linnavuoriella arcuata Hamilton (1980) n. rec. and Paralimnellus cingulatus Dlabola (1960) n. rec. are reported for the first time from Pakistan. All species are described and illustrated with habitus photographs. ...
Abid Ali1*, Hidayat ur Rahman1, Farhatullah1 and Zahir Shah2
...n the inheritance of ear leaf area, ear length, grain yield and harvest index. Likewise, duplicate type of epistasis was noted in the controlling of biological yield. Duplicate as well as complementary epistasis were found responsible in controlling the expression of plant and ear height, maturity and stover yield as well. Additive x dominance type of epistasis played major role in the inheritance of ear leaf area, stover yi...
Muhammad Yasin1, Romana Shahzadi1, Muhammad Riaz2, Mahideen Afridi2, Wajya Ajmal3, Obaid Ur Rehman2, Nazia Rehman3, Ghulam Muhammad Ali1,3, Muhammad Ramzan Khan1,2,3*
...ile no expression in the leaf tissues was observed. A strong expression for FUL gene was detectable in mature silique and silique from upper portion of plant as compared to other tissues of “Pakola” and “Punjab Sarsoon 3”. Our results flaunt basic gene expression information about shattering genes for developing genome edited plants to prevent yield losses in canola in future. ...
Kamran Aziz1*, Aamir Saleem1 and Arshad Mahmood Malik2
... wallichiana canopy, the leaf litter was collected and brought back to laboratory for the further chemical analysis. The Total annual litter fall production of Cedrus deodara was 4.2209t/ha/annum while the Pinus wallichiana was estimated 4.6097t/ha/annum. It showed that there is more litter fall in Pinus wallichiana as compared to Cedrus deodara. The P. wallichiana has greater decay rate as compared with C. deodara, estimated 12 % and 6% per annum respectively...
Rashid Iqbal1,2, Mathias Neumann Andersen1*, Muhammad Aown Sammar Raza2, Muhammad Adil Rashid1 and Salman Ahmad2
...osmotic adjustment (i.e. leaf water, osmotic and tugor potential) was lowest and highest under FI, DI and PRD, respectively. However, PRD had lower shoot biomass and grain yield per plant as compared to FI but higher than the DI. Despite improving the WUE, PRD tended to compromise the yield of wheat crop but PRD is recommended instead of DI. Results imply that PRD treatment can be an option under water shortage; however, its suitability and efficacy should fur...
Zeshan Siraj1*, Amjad Farooq1 and Zahid Mehmood2
...and 0.03±0.13 per leaf) was observed in September and November 2011, respectively. Maximum and minimum population of jassids (2.43±0.11/leaf) and (0.00±014/ leaf) was recorded in 2012 September and November whereas maximum and minimum infestation of jassids 3.59 ±0.06 and 0.03±0.12 (per leaf) was observed in September a...
Mehwish Kiran1, Muhammad Saleem Jilani1, Kashif Waseem1*, Muhammad Sohail Khan1, Fazal Haq2, Muhammad Amjad Nadim3, Ghazanfar Ullah3 and Salma Shaheen4
...es’ count plant-1, leaf length (cm), leaves weight (g plant-1), root size (length & diameter), root weight (g plant-1), total biomass (g plant-1), root yield (t ha-1) were collected and analysed. Results showed significant improvement in almost all studied parameters with the application of NPK and different organic manures. Highest mean data for all the parameters studied were recorded in NPK + PM, as maximum leaves’ count (21.67 and 22.33 pla...
Muhammad Arshad1, Muhammad Irfan Ullah1*, Muhammad Afzal1, Mian Anjum Murtaza2, Ejaz Ahraf3, Zahoor Hussain4, Syed Muhammad Ali Zahid1 and Maryam Riaz1
...-align: justify;">Citrus leafminer (CLM), Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) is among the serious insect pests attacking citrus plants in Pakistan. The study was conducted to quantify the leaf area damage of eight citrus cultivars caused by mining activity of CLM during summer 2016. The total leaf area and mine area per leaf we...
Exogenous Application of Calcium Improved the Vegetative Attributes and Corm Production in Gladiolus
Masood Ahmad* and Abdur Rab
... times (3rd, 5th and 7th leaf stages). The findings showed that maximum leaf area (43.21 cm2), leaf chlorophyll content (58.275 SPAD), size and weight of daughter corms (7.10 cm and 61.52 g) and highest calcium content (0.567%) in daughter corms were recorded in gladiolus plants sprayed with 200 mM calcium. Results pertaining to foliar application time showed that maximum
Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad1*, Syed Makhdoom Hussain2, Afia Muhammad Akram1, Arshad Javid3, Majid Hussain5, Syed Zakir Hussain Shah4 and Asma Chaudhary1
...inga oleifera leaf meal (MOLM) based diet. The phytic acid’s presence in plant by-products decreases the bioavailability of nutrients to fish, resulting in poor fish growth and low nutrient digestibility in the body. Experimental diet was divided into six groups and were supplemented with graded levels (0, 300, 600, 900, 1200 and 1500 FTU kg-1) of phytase. Cr2O3 was incorporated in all diets at the rate of 1% a...
Nazish Mazhar Ali1, Asma Ashraf 2*, Iram Liaqat2, Bushra Mazhar2, Shaukat Ali2 and Saiqa Andleeb3
...ntibacterial activity of leaf extract of Azadirachta indica (Neem Plant) was also checked against the pathogenic bacterial isolates. The bacterial pathogens isolated from eye infections were identified as Staphylococcus sp., Streptococcus sp., Neisseria sp., and Bacillus sp. These bacteria commonly caused corneal infections. All the pathogenic bacterial isolates showed sensitivity against all the compounds except Streptococcus sp. (BS1) an...
Qudsia Yousafi1*, Muhammad Aslam2 andShahzad Saleem1
...er plot and averaged per leaf. Numbers of ladybeetles were recorded from the whole plant by sampling three plants per plot. Seasonal mean number of aphids per leaf was at the maximum on the variety Black Beauty and lowest on Nirala, during the 2013-14 growing season. During the 2014-15season the maximum number of aphids per leaf was recorded on the variety Round Black and lowest on Nirala....
Ahmad-Ur-Rahman Saljoqi1, Imtiaz Khan1*, Bashir Ahmad1, Fazal Maula2 and Sardar Hussain1
... The lowest (3.30 aphids leaf-1) mean number of aphids were recorded on 87-5 China followed by U-Grande (3.72 aphids leaf-1), Tomato BSS-30 (4.22 aphids leaf-1), Roma VF (4.45 aphids leaf-1), Rio-Grande late (4.67 aphids leaf-1) and Swat local (5.11 aphids
Riaz Shah1* and Margaret Appleby2
...ors were released on the leaf discs either before spray (contact bioassay) or after the spray (residual bioassay). In contact bioassay, all of the tested pesticides killed more than 95% of the TSSM after 72 hours except diatomaceous earth (DE). Diatomaceous earth killed only 24.6+3.2% TSSM that was significantly lower than all the other pesticides used. When mites were released onto treated leaf discs (spray residues), only ...
Azra1* and Shaukat Hussain2
...hytotic of southern corn leaf blight during Kharif season 2015 and 2016 to find out new sources of genetic resistance in maize genotypes against southern corn leaf blight. The experiment was laid out as randomized complete block design with three replications. Data on disease severity and grain yield were recorded. There were not significant differences in disease severity among maize genotypes for individual years. However,...
Tahsin Razzaq*, Muhammad Fareed Khan and Shahid Iqbal Awan
...gram.
...
Illahi Bux Bhatti1, 2*, Imran Khatri2, Maqsood Anwar Rustamani2 and Riffat Sultana3
...hs + puparia per cm2 per leaf) with highest % mortality (79.89) was recorded in T11 (cultural control + biological control + chemical control), followed by T10 (Cultural control + Biological control + Yellow sticky traps) in which recorded 0.48 nymphs + puparia with 74.60% mortality. The next best treatment was T7 (cultural control + chemical control) in which recorded 0.56 nymphs + puparia per cm2 per leaf 70.37%, T5 (cultu...
Muhammad Irfan Ullah1*, Muhammad Arshad1, Muhammad Imran Khan1, Muhammad Afzal1, Azhar Abbas Khan2, Syed Muhammad Ali Zahid1, Muhammad Saqib1, Asad Abdullah1, Saba Kousar1 and Maryam Riaz1
...eeding The difference in leaf injury, relative consumption and growth rate of H. armigera was detected among experimental factors and their interactions. The leaf injury caused by H. armigera was higher (38.5 cm2 and 30.5cm2) on non-transgenic genotype at high and low moisture levels of plants respectively. Similarly, the relative growth and consumption rate of H. armigera was higher on non-transgenic genotype compared to tr...
Tanveer Ahmad1*, Muhammad Mujtaba Rafiq1, Waqas Ahmed Dogar2, Abid Mahmood Alvi3, Qumer Iqbal4, Muhammad Azam5 and Arshad Ali Khan6
...routed shoots cane-1 and leaf area (cm2). Treatments were applied under Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in triplicates and means were compared by Tukey’s HSD test. Association of the biological traits of phalsa with phosphorus was further estimated by correlation analysis. Results indicated that phosphorus application @ 150g plant-1 has improved various traits i.e. number of fruit bush-1 (4866.7), yield bush-1 (2.19 kg), single fruit weight (0.6...
Betül Ayça Dönmez, Sarbesh Das Dangol and Allah Bakhsh*
...efficiency rate both for leaf (60%) and internode (100%) explants was observed in cv. Desiree using Agrobacterium strain GV2260, while the highest gene transfer efficiency rate for leaf and internode explants in S. chacoense M6 were obtained with AGL1. The highest callus formation for both cv. Desiree and S. chacoense M6 was obtained on cv. Desiree leaf explants, transformed via the Agroba...
Manzoor1*, Ahmad Khan1, Amir Sohail2, Shahzad Ali1, Fawad Ali Shah3, Junaid Iqbal3, Muhammad Owais Khan4 and Sultan Nawaz4
...grain weight (211.25 g), leaf area (425.95 cm2), number of leaves (16.23), grain yield (3352.75 kg), biological yield (10726.08 kg) and shelling percentage (47.78). Whereas one irrigation missing at six leaves stages produced maximum Harvest index (33.99 %). In case of planting methods, ridge planting had significantly higher plant height (186.10 cm), Plant at harvest (61316.60), thousand grain weight (205.90 g), leaf area (...
Syeda Naila, Muhammad Ibrar, Fazal Hadi* and Muhammad Nauman Khan
...the lower epidermis. The leaf features showed that palisade ratio was (7.35), vein islets number (9), and vein termination number (9.1), stomata number (47) and stomatal index were (42.72). Transverse section of the root showed outer epidermal cells, cortex and pericycle, xylem and phloem cells. Powder drug microscopy, ash analysis, extractive values and fluorescence analysis were also studied. Preliminary phytochemical screenings of different extracts of Oxal...
Ghulam Hussain1, Muhammad Asrar1, Dilbar Hussain2, Khurum Zia3, Abdul Rashid4*, Hina Anwar5, Muhammad Azeem1, Saddam Hussain1 and Sabeen Asghar1
... viz. Cascabela thevetia leaf extract @ 300ml/acre, Azadirachta indica @ 300ml/acre, Profenofos @600ml/acre., Crown 70WS @125gm/acre, Match 50EC@250ml/acre, Helmat 40EC@600ml/acre and Confidor 20SL@ 250ml/ acre were evaluated on cotton against 3rd instar cotton mealy bug. Data was collected after 3,6,12,24 and 48 hours. Maximum mortality of cotton mealy bug was recorded in Syngenta 50EC (profenofos) are 42%, 62%, 80%, 88%, 94 % while Match 50EC exhibit minimum...
Waseem Abbas1, Shakeel-ur-Rehman2, Abdul Rashid2, Muhammad Kamran3, Muhammad Atiq2 and Muhammad Ehetisham ul Haq3*
...erent against the cotton leaf curl virus vector (Bemisia tabaci) and indirectly the disease incidence. Leaves extracts of four plant extracts i.e. Calotropis gigantea, Zingiber officinale, Allium cepa and Azadirachta indica were evaluated at 3 % concentration against eggs hatchability and adult emergence of the whitefly in lab condition. Two consecutive sprays were applied to assess the relative impact of different plant extracts against adult whitefly populat...
Hassnain1, Abdul Basit1*, Mehboob Alam1, Imran Ahmad1, Izhar Ullah1, Noor Alam2, Inayat Ullah3, Muhammad Areeb Khalid1, Muhammad Shair4 and Noor ul Ain1
...mber of leaves (104.02), leaf area (81.47 cm2), chlorophyll content (71.31 SPAD), relative water content (67.27%), excided leaf water retention (68.24%), number of fruit plant-1(24.66), average fruit weight (73.718 g) and yield (37.50-ton ha-1). Similarly, foliar application of chitosan at 100 mg L-1 resulted maximum average plant height (80.74 cm), average number of leaves (104.19), leaf ...
Ammara Blouch1, Ata ul Mohsin2, Muhammad Naeem2 and Rashid Mahmood1*
...maging insect pests like leaf worm, Spodoptera litura Fabricius. In this study, two commercial products including Dipel with Bt sub speciess kurstaki and Turex with Bt sub speciess kurstaki and aizawai were tested against three early larval instars of S. litura under laboratory conditions using leaf dip method. Mortality was recorded after three and seven days of exposu...
Basharat Hussain Shah*, Farrukh Siyar Hamid, Shams ul Islam, Naveed Ahmed, Fayaz Ahmad, Noorullah Khan and Qamar uz Zaman.
...ant, stem diameter, flag leaf length, 1000-grain weight and yield per hectare. Except for stem borer attack no prominent disease attack was observed in the experiment during the growth period. Significant differences were observed in the genetic material for all the parameters studied. Maximum plant height of 165.8 cm was recorded for Line-31. Maximum number of tillers per plant 23.9 was recorded for Line-80. Maximum stem diameter of 7.20 mm was recorded for L...
Ajmalud Din1*, Munir Ahmad2, Fahad Masoud Watto2, Sheraz Ahmed1, Imtiaz Ali1 and Muhammad Kausar Nawaz Shah2
...otic adjustment, excised leaf water retention (ELWR), relative water content (RWC), cell membrane stability (CMS), chlorophyll content and canopy temperature. Mean squares for all traits revealed significant differences among genotypes under moisture stress and normal environmental conditions. High variations were recorded for cell membrane stability, relative water content and osmotic adjustment which indicated the suitability of these traits as selection cri...
Using Smartphone Application to Estimate the Defoliation Caused by Insect Herbivory in Various Crops
Muhammad Irfan Ullah1*, Muhammad Arshad1, Sajjad Ali2, Asad Abdullah1, Samina Khalid3, Hafiz Muhammad Aatif4, Syed Muhammad Ali Zahid1, Muhammad Afzal1 and Jaima Molina-Ochoa5
...s by ImageJ software and leaf area meter devices. With these results, it is concluded that the BioLeaf application has resulted in an accurate leaf area measuring tool of foliar damage with minimum time and cost and can be used in various crops for damage assessment....
Muhammad Rasheed*, Tayyaba Naseer, Asma Hassan, Fayaz ul Hassan, Rifat Hayat, Ghulam Jilani, Samman Gul Vaseer and Muhammad Bilal Ali
...lant height (31.423 cm), leaf area plant-1 (15.459 cm2), leaf area index (1.9323) and leaf area duration (110.84). Among the different lentil cultivars, NIA 2005 gave the better response regarding these traits. The maximum fresh weight plant-1 (7.2560 g) and dry weight plant-1 (0.6047 g) was recorded at treatment BS3 and among the different cultivars, NIA 2005 depicted better response than...
Amjad Usman1*, Arshad Khan1, Ruidar Ali Shah2 and Toheed Iqbal3
...were rarely found on the leaf of the tested genotypes. Among the non-glandular trichomes, Type V was most abundant compared to II, III VIII. RomaVF had higher trichome density (52.58±0.49 and 62.48±2.7 per mm2) followed Bambino (48.60±1.95 and 49.71±71 per mm2) and Roma (45.82±2.11 and 51.65±2.47 per mm2) on adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces respectively. Negative relationship betwee...
Muhammad Zamin1*, Abdullah Khan1, Ibadullah Jan1, Fazli Rabbi2, Shahen Shah3, Rashid Ali1, Kaleem Ullah1 and Muhammad Amin4
...eight, number of leaves, leaf length and spike length were at par with their respective maximum results. However, the lengthiest spike (88.10cm) was produced at 100kg/ha nitrogen. Similarly, the application of nitrogen at the rate of 200 kg/ha produced tallest (110.95cm) plants with maximum (9.37) number of leaves and lengthiest (55.75cm) leaves. It can be concluded that application of nitrogen and potash at the rate of 100 kg ha-1 and 200 kg ha-1 should be ap...
Celalettin Gözüaçik1,*, Mustafa Güllü2, Ayda Konuksal3, Reşat Değirmenci3 and Ercan Akerzurumlu3
...size: small;">The cereal leafminer, Syringopais temperatella Lederer (Lepidoptera: Scythridae) is an important pest in barley and wheat in Northern Cyprus. This study was carried out to identify the larval parasitoids and to determine the parasitism rate of S. temperatella. These studies were conducted in 42 cereal fields of 18 villages in Lefkoşa, Girne, Güzelyurt, Gazimağusa and İskele townships in 2012-2013 years, and 1567 and 862 larv...
Attique Ahmed1, Tariq Sultan1, Ghulam Qadir2, Obaid Afzal2*, Mukhtar Ahmed5, Shamim-Ul-Sibtain Shah3, Muhammad Asif4, Safdar Ali2 and Muhammad Zeeshan Mehmood2
...eaves, plant height, ear leaf area, ear inter nodes girth, flag leaf area over T1 in pot experiment. Similarly, the inoculation of PGPR + PSB with T2 and in combination with T1 also at 75% of recommended NP significantly increased chlorophyll content, no. of leaves, plant height, ear leaf area, ear inter nodes girth, flag leaf area over control in the fi...
Ahmad Naeem Shahzad1, Muhammad Kamran Qureshi2, Samee Ullah1, Muhammad Latif3, Shakeel Ahmad1 and Syed Asad Hussain Bukhari1*
...luding number of leaves, leaf fresh weight, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, plant height, leaf dry weight and root dry weight were severely hampered by salt stress. The absence of necrosis in cotton leaves under salt treatments indicated that growth was primarily restricted by the osmotic component of salt stress. Activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase) in plant leaves were in...
Peer Sikandar Shah1, Ghulam Nabi1, Maqsood Khan*1,2, Saddam Hussain1 and Jawad Ali Jan1
...leaves plant-1 (45.87), leaf area (99.87 cm2), number of fruit plant-1 (7.94), fruit weight (289.20 g), fruit volume (193.84 cm3), yield plant-1 (2.42 kg) and total yield (12.09 t ha-1) were obtained by Jaipuri cultivar. While in case of manure regimes maximum vine length (465.50 cm), number of leaves plant-1 (49.13), leaf area (110.48 cm2), (14.09 cm), number of fruit plan-1 (9.25), yield plant-1 (3.35 kg), total yield (16...
Quratulain1, Ata-ul-Mohsin1, Muhammad Naeem1, Ghulam Shabir1, Muhammad Khalid Rafique2 and Rashid Mahmood2*
...vars had yellowish-green leaf color whereas the cultivars with blue-green foliage showed susceptibility towards thrips infestation. The Red imposta had lowest thrips infestation suggesting strong antibiosis and antixenosis.
...
Indigenous Soilless Substrate Compositions Affect Growth, Yield and Quality of Cut Antirrhinum majus
Aqsa Ahmad1, Iftikhar Ahmad1* and Malik Fiaz Hussain Ferdosi2
...anted at the two to four leaf stage into lily crates with the treatment substrates. Plants grown in substrates containing SD + PH + PM (experiment I) indicated that plants grown in these soilless compositions died before flowering, while those grown in silt (control) performed best. While in experiment II, the highest quality plants were grown in 50% CC + 40% RH +10% PM. Quality was defined as plants with shortest production time (days), tallest plant height (...
Faisal Hafeez, Asad Aslam*, Ayesha Iftikhar, Afifa Naeem, Muhammad Faheem Akhtar and Muhammad Jawad Saleem
...g minimum population per leaf (0.35, 0.23 and 0.31 in 2018 and 0.53, 0.33 and 0.42 in 2019 after 1, 3 and 7 days of spray), followed by Chlorfenpyr both years. However, Acephate was ineffective to control jassid population. Moreover, the order of percentage population change/reduction is as under: Chlorfenpyr Thaimethoxam>Thiacloprid>Acephate. In addition to this, economic analysis of both years exhibited the similar descending order/trend in benefit cos...
Sohail Ahmed1,*, Muhammad Waseem Saleem1, Abid Ali1, Muhammad Shahid Nisar2, Rashad Rasool Khan1 and Abdul Rashid3
... in 4.72 and 4.51 thrips leaf-1, respectively, and also did not differ significantly with each other. Application of bio-agents in combination was less effective with 4.37 thrips leaf-1 and differed significantly from all other treatments. Application of NKSE resulted in 4.00 thrips leaf-1 and found superior from those treatments where bio-agents were relea...
Abid Khan*, Mukhtar Alam and Yousaf Jamal
...%), increased leaves and leaf area tiller-1 (6.8 and 4.1%), increased LAI (9.6%), increased height (3.5%), enhanced crop growth rate (CGR) (8.6%) and increased chlorophyll a and b (9.8% and 8.5%). BM application significantly increased emergence (6.1%), delayed heading (2.3%) and maturity (3.04%), increased leaves and leaf area tiller-1 (9.1 and 14.1%), increased LAI (36.4%), increased height (8.65%), enhanced CGR (27.8%) an...
Gulnaz Parveen1*, Salma Gul2, Muhammad Ather Rafi3, Ashfaq Ali Khattak4 and Hikmatullah Jan5
...nificantly controlled by leaf powder (LP) and shoot powder (ShP) when applied alone and with combination. While combinations of 3% LP + 3% ShP, 3% LP + 5% ShP, 5% LP + 1% ShP, 5% LP + 3% ShP, 5% LP + 5% ShP completely controlled the infection of Macrophomina phaseolina. Similarly combination of 5% LP + 5% ShP completely control the infection of Fusarium solani While 5% LP + 3% ShP treatment completely controlled the infection of F. oxysporum. ...
Zubair Aslam and Ali Ahmad*
...ot dry weight, number of leaf, leaf length, stem girth) and physiological parameters (relative water contents (RWC), chlorophyll contents and membrane stability index (MSI)). The obtained results indicated that vermi-fertilizers and chemical fertilizer significantly increased all of the above said parameters of maize as compared to control but foliar application of 6% vermi-tea treatment showed maximum morphological and phys...
Muhammad Usman Asif1*, Sadam Hussain Soomro2, Raza Muhammad1, Sikandar Ali Soomro2
...mended and high doses by leaf dip method. The results concluded that significantly high toxicity was shown after treatment with Neomed 3 SC which caused 100 % to the insect at its recommended (200 ml) and high dose (400 ml) after 24 hours of application followed by Voliam Flexi 300 SC causing 66.66 % and 75% mortality on its recommended (80 ml) and high dose (160 ml), respectively. After 72 hours, 83.33% mortality was observed in Voliam Flexi on its recommende...
Yasir Iftikhar1, Mustansar Mubeen1,2*, Waqas Raza1, Qaiser Shakeel3, Waseem Abbas1, Shehzad Iqbal1 and Ashara Sajid1
...gn: justify;">The Potato leaf roll virus (PLRV), aphid population, and environmental factors are normally used to monitor the disease severity as these factors are interconnected. In the present study, ten potato varieties viz., FSD white, FD 8-1, FD 71-1, Tota 704, Kuruda, FD 74-41, FD 76-24, SH 216-A, N 96-25 and FD 74-50 were evaluated against PLRV. The range of disease incidence was from 15.93% to 64.58%. Moreover, susceptible reaction was observed in five...
Amjad Ali1, Awais Salman1, Gul Daraz Khan1, Aftab Ahmad Khan2, Sher Shah Hassan2*, Muhammad Arif Goheer2, Mahmood Alam Khan3 and Sajjad Ahmed3
...eaves per plant (19.16), leaf length (19.97 cm), leaf width (10.46 cm), plant height (39.27 cm), turnip length (17.24 cm), turnip diameter (7.84 cm), turnip yield (22.42 tons ha-1), turnip weight (256.62 gm) and harvest index (52.34 %) were recorded for I1. Maximum turnip length (18.09 cm), turnip diameter (7.69 cm), turnip yield (21.11 tons ha-1), turnip weight (304.22 gm) and turnip moisture content (93.62 %) were recorded...
Ehsan-Ul-Haque1, Akbar Hayat1*, Muhammad Asim1, Sajjad Hussain2, Muhammad Shakeel Hanif3, Muhammad Zubair1, Muhammad Abdullah Jamil1 and Faheem Khadija1
...tharvest decay in Willow leaf mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) and Kinnow mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco). Sodium bicarbonate and Potassium sorbate incorporated (6% w/v concentration) in wax were used to compare with commercially used fungicide (Thiabendazole). Study was conducted at 4±1 C° with 90±05% relative humidity for 60 days followed by one week of storage at ambient conditions. Least decay incidence 1.2% and 1.8% respectively i...
Anjum and Ahmad Khan*
Phenology, Crop Stand and Biomass of Wheat in Response to Farmyard Manure and Soil Amendments
...The emergence m-2 (126), leaf area tiller-1 (107 cm2), plant height (96.5 cm) and biomass (11783 kg ha-1) were improved with 20 Mg FYM but were non-significantly different from plots having 15 Mg FYM ha-1 over two years averaged data. Among the amendments, greater days to anthesis (126 days) and physiological maturity (154 days) was noted with effective microbes over two years. Similarly, the addition of effective microbes has increased the emergence m-2 (123)...
Muhammad Usama Hameed*, Zulfiqar Ali Gurmani, Sajjad Khan and Allah Bakhsh
...riety S-2000) and higher leaf area per plant (21.55% over check variety S-2000). The variety is drought tolerant may be grown in semiarid and arid areas having minimum rainfall up to 300 mm, highly lodging-resistant, late-maturing i.e. stay green till mid May, having up to 12 % crude protein and having green fodder potential up to 100 tones ha-1. PARC-Oat was approved by Variety Evaluation Committee (VEC) in March 2018. ...
Haiyan Yang1, Hongxia Liu1, Wenlong Wu1*, Weilin Li2 and Lianfei Lyu1
...r 5 days. The changes in leaf water content (LWC), electrolyte leakage (EL), concentrations of photosynthetic pigments, protein, soluble sugar, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), ascorbate (AsA) and reduced glutathione (GSH), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) in leaves of ‘Hull Thornless’ were investigated. In the treatment group, water stress significantly increased EL, and the accumulation of photosynthet...
Syeda Farzana Bibi* and Siraj-ud-Din
Fluorescence Analysis, Extractive Values and Cytotoxic Screening of Crataeva adansonii DC Leaf and Bark through Brine Shrimp Larvae Assay
...dy ethanolic extracts of leaf and bark parts of C. adansonii were evaluated through cytotoxic activity. Brine shrimp larvae assay was conducted for this purpose. Extractive values of leaf and bark parts were estimated using n-hexane, chloroform, ethanol, methanol, water, and ether as a solvent. 10g of plant powder was dissolved in 200 ml solvent during various extract preparations Fluorescence study was c...
Zubair Ahmad1, 2,5, Hamed A. Ghramh1, 2, 3,Khalid Ali Khan1, 2, 3*, Kavita Pandey4 and Farhat Khan5
...d checklist of chelonine leafminer parasitoids from the Indian subcontinent is also provided.
...
Gregory Ejikeme Odo1,*, Juliana Ekenma Agwu1, Nkechi Nweze2, Clara Ikegbunam2,Felicia Ekeh N1, Vincent Ejere1, Ngozi Ezenwaji1, Reginald Njokuocha2, Godwin Ngwu1 and Fabian Okafor1
...cal effects of ethanolic leaf extracts of Duranta erecta (L) in 48 albino wistar rats, Rattus norvegicususingbiochemical and haematological indicesof toxici
Muhammad Ismail1, Tufail Ahmad2, Shamsher Ali2*, Shahid Ali1, Nur Ul Haq1 and Naveedullah3
Heavy Metals (Pb and Ni) Pollution as Affected by the Brick Kilns Emissions
...6 (18+18) soil and wheat leaf samples were collected in four directions. Samples were collected at varying distances (100, 200,300 meters) from chimneys. Similarly, samples of dust were also collected for analysis of heavy metals in available locations around the chimneys in 16 plastic buckets. They were placed 3 m high from ground. The laboratory analysis of wheat leaf samples showed that the concentration of Pb and N...
Ummad ud Din Umar1, Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi1*, Ishfaq Ahmed1, Ateeq ur Rehman1, Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar2, Sibghat Ullah3, Shah Pasand4, Zehri Khan3 and Abdur Rehman5
Prevalence and Serological Detection of Spiroplasma citri, a Cause of Citrus Stubborn Disease in Southern Punjab, Pakistan
...n cause of Citrus little leaf disease (Citrus stubborn disease) which is not only responsible for the low citrus production in terms of quality and quantity but also moving the citrus industry to down fall in citrus growing areas throughout the world. Current research was organized to study the distribution of disease using the serological based detection methods by conducting a comprehensive survey in various districts of Southern Punjab. The results of the s...
Kanwar Muhammad Raheel Mehboob1, Rashid Iqbal2*, Muhammad Israr3,4, Jaweria Shamshad5, Umair Riaz6, Muhammad Habib-ur-Rahman7,8, Fawad Ali9, Arif Nawaz10, Maliha Sarfraz11, Abdul Waheed12, Muhammad Tahir Khan13 and Muhammad Aslam2
Assessment of the Consequences of Heat Changes on Cotton Cultivars Growth, Phenology and Yield at Different Sowing Regimes
...nology and yield. Highst leaf area index (LAI) 4.38, total dry matter (TDM) 1033 g m-2, leaf area duration (LAD) 275.6 days and mean harvest development rate 6.51g m-2 day-1 were recorded on April 30 sowing. Yield contributing boundaries like opened boll, average boll weight and 100-seed weight altogether shifted and highest seed cotton yield 3847 kg ha-1 was acquired by cv. MNH-886 when it was planted on April 30....
Hafsa Naheed* and Hidayat-Ur-Rahman
Genotype by Environment Interactions of Vegetative Growth Traits of Bread Wheat Genotypes
...). Data were recorded on leaf area, plant height, biological yield and straw yield. Highest plant height was recorded for G02, G31 and G11. The exotic lines included in the study generally had more plant height in Peshawar as compared to other locations. The highest maximum mean for leaf area was observed for G17 and CSA while minimum was observed for G03 followed by G33 and G25. Among the seven environments, genotypes on av...
Safina Naz1, Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi2*, Bushra Siddique3, Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar4 and Abdur Rehman5
Exogenous Application of Selected Antioxidants and Phyto Development Directors Influenced the Development, Output and Biochemical Attributes of Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.)
...aller plants and greater leaf area while, shorter plants and lower leaf area was recorded in control. Greater leaf number per plant was obtained with application of GA3(100 ppm). This was followed by salicylic acid (200 ppm). Leaf number was significantly lesser in the plants grown in control. Significantly greater fruit count /plant, length of fruit inc...
Shahid Nadeem1*, Taj Naseeb Khan1, Mushtaq Ahmad1, Adnan Younis2 and Iram Fatima3
Influence of Plant Growth Regulators by Foliar Application on Vegetative and Floral physiognomies of Gladiolus
...rthy resulted in maximum leaf length (71.14cm), rachis length (57.33cm) and spike length (77.67cm) at 1.75mM concentration of GA3. The Effect of SA found worthy as it enhanced the floral growth and decrease the number of days towards blooming. Moreover, the days to spike emergence, days to bud color and days to floret open were decreased (96.47, 101.20 and 105.77 respectively) with 1.75mM salicylic acid. However, the results showed the positive impact of GA3 a...
Attiq ur Rehman1,2*, Iftikhar Hussain Khalil3 and Ihtisham Ali4
Genetic Diversity and Traits Association in Tetraploid and Hexaploid Wheat Genotypes in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan
..., days to maturity, flag leaf area, plant height, tillers m-2, spikes m-2, spikelets spike-1, 1000-grain weight, grain yield and harvest index. Among the genotypes for various study traits, statistically significant differences were observed. Except for the flag leaf area and days to maturity, durum vs. spring wheat contrast was significant for all other studied parameters. The flag leaf a...
Shaiza Rasool1, Iftikhar Ahmad1*, Khurram Ziaf1, Irfan Afzal2, Muhammad A.S. Khan1, Muhammad Aashir Sajjad1 and Muhammad Zain Ali1
Seed Conditioning Effects on Germination Performance, Seedling Vigor and Flower Production of Zinnia elegans
...experiment, a 3% moringa leaf extract (MLE) showed the earliest (2.8 d) and the highest germination rate (90%) with an average root length of 4.2 cm. Hydro-priming resulted in the largest seedling fresh weight (0.8 g), seedling shoot length (5.8 cm), and seedling vigor index (980). The seedling vigor index was determined by multiplying the percent germination with the seedling length (cm). In the second experiment, seeds treated at 25 mT for 5 min. showed the ...
Muhammad Imran1,2*, Shahbaz Talib Sahi1, Muhammad Atiq1 and Amer Rasul3
Brown Leaf Spot: An Exacerbated Embryonic Disease of Rice: A Review
...t-align: justify;">Brown leaf spot (Bipolaris oryzae) (BLS) is the serious emerging threat to rice crop. It causes heavy yield losses upto 6 to 90% depending upon the disease triangle. It has become a great concern for the rice-growing areas to find better management strategies under the fluctuation of the climate conditions. Different management practices (cultural, biological, chemical, induce resistance, nutrient management, natural byproducts, and resistan...
Asmat Ullah1,2, Shahid Iqbal1,2 and Furhan Iqbal2*
...ia variegata’s leaf extract on selective aspects of albino mice behavior in a gender specific manner. Seven week old female and male albino mice were used as experimental animals. Mice were orally supplemented either with 300 mg/ml solvent/Kg of body weight Bauhinia variegata’s leaf extract or with saline solution (0.9% NaCl) for 17 days. Behavioral observations were made by applying a series of neurol...
Mushtaq Ahmad Khan*, Abdul Basir and Beena Saeed
Biochar Improves Phenological and Physiological Attributes of Wheat in Soil Amended with Organic and Inorganic Nitrogen Sources
..., and resulted in higher leaf area (LA), leaf area index (LAI), plant height, number of tillers and spikes m-2 when compared to control. Whereas, application of 150 kg N ha-1 as urea, FYM and PM, delayed booting, anthesis, physiological maturity in wheat and increased plant height and spikes m-2 of wheat. Similarly, 120 and 150 kg N ha-1 applied from PM, FYM and urea resulted in higher LA, LAI, tillers and spikes m-2 over co...
Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi1*, Olubumi Atolani2 and Gabriel Ademola Olatunji3
Toxicity Effect of Eucalyptus globulus on Pratylenchus spp. of Zea mays
...ffect, while the chopped leaf materials used as soil amendment (ECSG/AMDM) exhibited the least potency among all the treatments. Spectroscopic analysis by GCMS revealed the presence of terpenoids and phenolics as major constituents of E. globulus. The essential oil showed the presence of 1,8-cineole (23.3%), citronella (18.1%), geranial (17.6%), isopulegol (10.4%), myrcene (13.0%), cuminaldehyde (9.1%) and 2-pinene (8.5%) as major constituent. Results obtained...
Muhammad Ilyas1,2*, Imran Khan2*, Muhammad Umer Chattha2, Muhammad Umair Hassan2, Muhammad Zain3, Wajid Farhad4, Sana Ullah1, Ateeq Shah5, Safeer Ahmed6, Bismillah Khan1 and Muhammad Adeel1
Evaluating the Effect of Zinc Application Methods on Growth and Yield of Wheat Cultivars
...ion) resulted in maximum leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR), productive tillers (302.33 m2), spike length (8.62 cm), spikelet/spike (16.66), grains/spike (39.18), thousand grain weight (40.27 g), biological (11.42 t ha-1) and grain yield (5.12 t ha-1), whereas the minimum LAI, CGR, tillers (261.89 m2), spike length (7.74 cm), spikelet/spike (15.11), grains/spike (32.76), thousand grain weight (33.99 g), biological yield (10.55 t ha-1) and grain yiel...
Malik Abdul Rehman1*, Hafiz Muhammad Ehsan2, Tehseen Ashraf2, Zulfiqar Ali Gurmani3, Sajjad Khan3 and Mujahid Ali2
Effect of Growing Media on Plant Growth of Rough Lemon (Citrus jambhiri Lush.) and Poncirus (Citrus trifoliata)
... silt, sand, sawdust and leaf manure) in 14 different combinations of growth media to check for plant growth of rough lemon and poncirus rootstocks. Five plants per treatment were growing in black polythene bags filled with the required media using a Completely Randomized Design with three replications. Data of stem length stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, and survival percentage was recorded. Chemical analysis of ...
Syeda Farzana Bibi* and Siraj ud Din
Unraveling the Bioherbicidal Potential, Elemental Analysis and Nutritional Evaluation of Crataeva adansonii Dc Leaf and Bark
...f Crataeva adansonii DC. leaf and stem bark for assessment of its bioherbicidal potential. Elemental and nutritional analysis of the plant parts was also done to accentuate this plant’s use in the nutritional and agricultural industry. Elemental analysis of C. adansonii stem bark and leaf was assessed through atomic absorption spectrophotometry to detect ten essential macro and microelements, including Na, Ca, Co, Cd, ...
Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Muhammad Afzal1,Muhammad Asam Riaz1,Kanwer Shahzad Ahmed1, Muhammad Luqman2, Mehar Zubair Shehzad1, Muhammad Bilal Tayyab1, Mujahid Tanvir1 and Saadia Wahid1
...sus) using twig-dip, leaf-dip, aqueous exposure and filter paper-dip bioassay methods, respectively. Results revealed that the extracts of Mentha longifolia, Sonchus asper and Nerium indicum were the most toxic to D. citri exhibiting 90% mortality. The extracts of Dodonaea viscosa and Olea ferruginea caused highest mortality of S. litura (i.e. 70 and 58%, respectively). Maximum mortality of ...
Samia Ikram1*, Riaz ur Rehman1, Farwa Batool2 and Atyab Amjad3
Evaluation of Bird of Paradise for Commercial Flower Production by using Organic Manures
...), T3 (Top dressing with leaf manure), T4 (Top dressing with sewage sludge). Maximum plant height (93.53 cm), Number of suckers (4.20), Number of leaves (8.00), Number of flowers (4.11), Stem diameter (5.025 cm) and Spike diameter (5.03 cm) were contributed by T2whereas maximum spike length (61.21 cm) was recorded in T3 and maximum shelf life (14.81 days) was noted in T4. The present research study revealed that T2 significantly contributes to commercial cut f...
Zubia Rahim1, Gulnaz Parveen1*, Salma Gul2 and Khushnood-ur-Rehman3
Ameliorating Effects of Salt Stress (KCl, NaCl) on Growth and Germination Parameters of Pearl Millet (Pennisetum americanum)
...rowth (number of leaves, leaf length, stem breadth, stem length, number of tillers) and yield (spike length, total seeds on single spike, whole plant weight, weight of 50 seeds per spike) parameters in the field, which was performed in completely randomized design (CRD). 39 pots lined with polythene bags were used to avoid percolation of water. Data was analyzed by variance (ANOVA). Salinity effects on the test species were analyzed by (LSD) Least Significant ...
Ghulam Murtaza1*, Muhammad Ramzan2, Amna Razzaq4, Muhammad Numan3, Rukhsar Beanish4, Ayesha Zafar4, Muhammad Shan Latif3 and Muhammad Adnan3
Screening of Brinjal (Solanum melongena) Varieties against Jassid, Amrasca bigutulla bigutulla
...6) and Bemisal (4.2) per leaf. Bemisal and Dilnasheen varieties had significantly higher jassid population per leaf as compared to Nirala variety on different sampling dates....
Anjali Khadka1*, Subodh Raj Pandey2, Subarna Sharma Acharya3, Amrit Poudel4 and Sushma Adhikari1
Morphological Evaluation and Multivariate Analysis of Soybean Glycine max (L.) Merrill Genotypes in Western Mid-Hills of Nepal
... pod length at maturity, leaf area was positively correlated with grain yield while days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, number of trifoliate, number of pods and fresh weight of the pod were negatively correlated with grain yield. The path analysis depicts that the internodal length and days to maturity had the highest direct positive and negative effect on yield respectively. Though test weight had a significant positive correlation with grain yield, it h...
Amjed Ali1, Rafi Qamar1*, Muhammad Ehsan Safdar1, Salman Saleem2, Sami Ullah3, Muhammad Arshad Javed4 and Syed Wasim Hasan5
Development and Growth: Influence of Sowing Dates on Performance of Cotton Cultivars
...h May plot recorded more leaf area index and net assimilation rate in FDH-170 (4.45 and 3.87 g m-2 day-1) while leaf area duration and crop growth rate in Bt. FH-142 (282.32 and 6.67 g m-2 day-1), respectively. Significantly, higher TDM production was recorded on 21st April in Bt. FH-142 (1104.33 g m-2). Therefore, cotton should be grown among after 15th April to before 10th May with cultivars FHD-170, Bt. FH-142 and Bt. MNH...
Sajid Ali1, Abdul Basit1,3*, Abdul Mateen Khattak1, Syed Tanveer Shah1, Izhar Ullah2, Noor Alam Khan3, Imran Ahmad1, Kamran Rauf1, Salman Khan1, Irfan Ullah1 and Intizar Ahmad1
Managing the Growth and Flower Production of Zinnia (Zinnia elegans) through Benzyle Amino Purine (BAP) Application and Pinching
...and pinching (2, 4 and 6 leaf stages), was carried out at The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan. Research analysis showed that zinnia plants treated with 100mg.L-1 and pinched at 6 leaves stage recorded maximum days to flowering, flower persistency, branches, leaves and flowers plant-1 and stem thickness. While in case of untreated and un-pinched plants maximum flower diameter, fresh and dry flower weight, and height of plant were reported. Hence, i...
Bilal Pervaiz Khan1, Neelam Ara1, Shujaat Ali1,2*, Kamran Khurshid Baigh1 and Abdul Wahab1
Effect of Seed Priming on Radish with Different Nutrients at Various Soaking Durations
...f leaves plant-1 (14.4), leaf area (295.8 cm2), root length (20.6 cm), root weight in g (522.4) root diameter in cm (4.51), and total yield (23.8 tones ha-1) were obtained when seeds were soaked in DAP solution. In case of storage duration, The maximum germination percentage (82.5 %), survival percentage (84.4 %), plant height (43.7cm), ), total yield of leaves plant-1 (14.2 g), area of leaf (293 cm2), root diameter (4.50 cm...
Iqtidar Hussain*, Muzafar Ali, Imam Bakhsh and Muhammad Waqas Imam Malik
Effect of Different Levels of Naphthalene Acetic Acid at Various Phenological Stages of Hybrid Sorghum to Enhance Fodder Productivity
... leaves (16.70 plant-1), leaf area (411.98 cm2), chlorophyll contents (46.84 and 53.50 µg cm-2) at 30 and 60 DAS and fodder yield (35550 kg ha-1) were higher with L4 (120 ml) followed by L3 (80 ml). While L5 (160 ml) and L2 (40 ml ha-1 NAA) were statistically at par. Mean values indicated that NAA level of L4 (120 ml ha-1) had maximum fodder yield (35,550 kg ha-1) as compared to control (13,024 kg ha-1). The results indicated that interaction between 120...
Abid Mahmood Alvi1*, Naeem Iqbal1,2, Javid Iqbal3, Kazam Ali4, Muhammad Shahid1, Waqar Jaleel5,6,7, Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan8 and Tiyyabah Khan8
...oride (9.12-11.15 thrips/leaf and 9.18-7.83 whitefly/leaf), followed by line spacing of 75 cm without mapiquate chloride (8.65-9.12 thrips/leaf and 5.97-5.06 whitefly/leaf) and 30 cm with mapiquate chloride (4.57-5.41 thrips/leaf and 2.64-2.88 whitefly/leaf). The peak population was ...
Hannan Nasib Hamid1,*, Muhammad Rais1, Muhammad Arif2 and Rubina Noor2
Bina Khanzada1, Arfan Ahmed Gilal1*, Bhai Khan Solangi1 and Imtiaz Ahmed Nizamani2
Effect of Morphological Characters of Indigenous Sugarcane Varieties on Population of Chilo infuscatellus (Snellen) and its parasitoid, Cotesia flavipes (Cameron)
...of internodes, length of leaf, sheath, trichome density along with infestation and larval population of C. infuscatellus and parasitism of C. flavipes were recorded. Results indicated a high variation in the morphological characters of different sugarcane varieties evaluated, that in response affected the population of both C. infuscatellus and its parasitoid, C. flavipes. Among varieties, the highest population of C. infuscatellus was recorded on Thatta-10 va...
Saba Aleem1*, Mehvish Tahir2, Iram Sharif3, Muqadas Aleem4, Muhammad Najeebullah2, Ali Nawaz1, Amina Batool1, Muhammad Imran Khan1 and Waheed Arshad1
Principal Component and Cluster Analyses as Tools in the Assessment of Genetic Diversity for Late Season Cauliflower Genotypes
...curd weight, curd yield, leaf length, plant height to extreme, and the number of leaves contributed significant positive component loading to these principal components (PCs). Biplot analysis among the first two PCs found the Casper RZ, AA Cauli-08, and Snow queen as diverse genotypes. Cluster analysis based on Euclidian distance grouped the genotypes into 3 distinct clusters. Some of the genotypes that have narrow genetic base were grouped into a similar clus...
Javeria Afzal, Muhammad Abid, Faisal Hussain* and Alia Abbas
...33%) was observed in the leaf extract of A. viridis at 10% concentration after 48 hours of exposure time. In larval mortality test, maximum larval mortality (33%) was recorded in C. album leaf extract at 10% concentration while minimum larval mortality (0.66%) was noted in Solanum nigrum at 2% concentration in leaves and stem extracts after 72 hours of exposure time as compared to control.
...
Mashal Malik and Mudassar Nawaz Khan*
... total number of leaves, leaf width, leaf length and leaf weight, while line B29G11 revealed the lowest. The maximum plant height (128.03 cm) was found for line B20G16. A maximum number of 48 leaves with leaf width of 2.34 cm, leaf length of 3.34 cm leaf and ...
Ijaz Haider1*, Muhammad Akhtar1, Ali Noman2 and Muhammad Qasim3
...tulas (Walker), rice leaffolder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), whitebacked planthopper Sogatella furcifera (Horvath) (Homoptera: Delphacidae), and pink stem borer Sesamia inferens (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on light trap. The effect of some abiotic factors like temperature, relative humidity and rainfall on the adult population of these pests was also studied. The population of these pests wa...
Muhammad Jahanzaib1*, Nazakat Nawaz1, Muhammad Arshad1, Haris Khurshid1, Muzamil Hussain2 and Shahid Ali Khan1
...nels weight (3.738), and leaflet length (2.950) with dry pods yield, indicating the importance of traits linkage in groundnut genotypes improvement. A weak direct effect was found among morphological traits i.e., number of branches (1.419), plant height (.311), and plant width (1.058). A strong indirect effect was witnessed by Leaflet width (-2.225) with dry pods yield. Furthermore, genotypes PG-1221, PG-1259, PG-1254, and P...
Sana Khan1*, Faiza Aman1, Muhammad Ismaeel2, Zafar Ali2, Mehboob Alam1, Sadeed Iqbal1 and Taimur Khan3
....31cm day-1), leaflets plant-1 (102.61), pods plant-1 (16.43), pod length (9.53 cm), root weight (4.67 g), nodules plant-1 (19.97), 100 seeds weight (40.66 g) and yield ha-1 (5.71 tons) were recorded in plants treated with 90 kg ha-1 of phosphorus. The results pertaining to cultivars revealed that maximum absolute growth rate (2.81 cm day-1), leafle...
Sadaqat Khan1,Saleem Ullah1* and Muhammad Sajid2
...buds, flower, leaves and leaflets in numbers per plants with a range of 131.33 to 176.67 cm, 60 to 105, 41.5 to 60.0, 50.66 to 77.167 and 7.607 to 15.33, 30.33 to 82.0, respectively were significantly affected (P<0.05) by the interaction of selenium application in irrigation and foliar spray in relation to season. The effect was also significant (P<0.05) on some minerals like Cu, Mn, Zinc, Mg and Se that ranged from 0.2080 to 0.3150, 0.1260 to 0.2520, 0....
Muhammad Ihtisham1, Noor Amjad2, Muhammad Nauman3, Asghar Ali3, Khawar Riaz3, Muhammad Sajid3, Muhammad Owais Shahid*3
... leaves plant-1 (34.45), leaf area (8.00 cm2), stem thickness (0.47 cm), fresh leaves weight (3.31 g), fresh stem weight (1.95 g), root length (22.10 cm) and winter survival (94.44%). However, the same treatment also gave minimum days to germination (2.96) and seedling emergence (12.96). The seeds scarified for 90 min gave maximum plant emergence percentage (97.78%). The seeds sown on 14th April gave minimum days to germination (9.03) and seedling emergence (1...
Asima Batool1, Ghulam Abbas2*, Zuhair Hasnain3, Nasira Perveen4 and Muhammad Naeem Akhtar5
...curred a minimal loss of leaf area followed by Hycorn-11 and Hycorn-984 while hybrids ICI-984 and SB-11 were the most affected. These data indicated that like conventional synthetic maize varieties, the hybrids also respond differentially to the prevailing high temperature stress condition. The results also showed that hybrids capable of producing greater root mass were better able to withstand the heat stress...
Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro1*, Nadia Mangrio1, Aijaz Ahmed Soomro1, Zia-ul-Hassan Shah2, Ghulam Sughra Mangrio3, Nihaluddin Mari4, Zulfiqar Ali Abbasi1 and Shazia Parveen Tunio5
...day-1), leaf area index (%), cane length (cm), internodes cane-1, cane yield (t ha-1), brix (%) and commercial cane sugar (%)were recorded under double sett (parallel to furrow). As regards NPK levels, 281-140-275 kg ha-1 (25%>recommended) produced significantly increased in growth and yield characters particularly, cane yield (t ha-1) and brix (%). The findings of the study further suggested that...
Md. Sabbir Ahamed1, Md. Rayhan Chowdhury1, Md. Atik Mas-ud1, Sujat Ahmed2, Md. Shahadat Hossain1 and Mohammad Nurul Matin1*
...), panicle length (PaL), leaf length (LL), leaf breath (LB), 100-grain weight (100-GW) as well as filled and unfilled grain per panicle (FGPa, UFGPa), and primary branch (PB) obtained significant variation in case of treatment. The genotypic variance (σ2g) obtained maximum...
Haseeb Khattak1, Imran Ahmad1, Abdul Basit1*, Izhar Ullah1,2, Syed Tanveer Shah1, Humaira Wasila3, Inayat Ullah4, Intizar Ahmad1 and Noman Ahmad1
...uits plant-1, leaf area, fruit length, fruit diameter and total yield were observed under vertical gardening pattern. Data recorded for genotypes observed an increase in total yield and fruits plant-1 of Damaz while and increased number of leaves plant-1, leaf area, fruit diameter and length were observed by SCM-01. The interactive response of genotypes and gardening pattern clearly revealed ...
Praptiningsih Gamawati Adinurani1,*, Sri Rahayu1, Endang Dwi Purbajanti2, Devi Dwi Siskawardani3, Karina Stankeviča4 and Roy Hendroko Setyobudi5
... 70 d (A2M1 = 53.96 cm), leaf number 70 d (A1M3 = 42.75), leaf N content (A3M3 = 5.36 g 100 g–1), leaf P content (A3M3 = 0.418 g 100 g–1), leaf K content (A3M3 = 0.273 g 100 g–1), number of root nodules (A3M0 = 120), and weight of fresh pods plant–1 (A1M3 = 33.67 g). That application can...
Safdar Hussain1, Muhammad Naeem Mushtaq5, Ali Bakhsh3, Muhammad Mudassar Maqbool1, Muhammad Sarwar1, Muhammad Jan4*, Muhammad Abdul Qayyum2 and Arif Husain2
...contents (17.37 mg g-1), leaf water contents (72.65 %), soil moisture contents (14.40 %). Comparing the genotypic performance Aas-2011 performed well as compared to Faisalabd-2008 and TD-1 wheat genotype....
Ijaz Ahmad* and Bakhtiar Gul
...rianum. Due to the large leaf canopy of S. marianum, it is not possible for other species to sustain, because several broadleaf weeds are highly competitive and make a high canopy over the crop to get more light for photosynthesis and the morphological mimicry of A. fatua with wheat crop during the vegetative growth stage. It cannot be easily distinguished from wheat seedlings. Results showed that wheat in weed-free conditio...
Arshad Mehmood Khattak1, Saleem Ullah1*, Farida Anjum2, Hamid U. Shah1 and Sahib Alam1
...er as salad or cooked as leafy green and their grain can be consumed as curries. Samples of tender leaves, green pods, green grains, Mature pods and Mature grains of seven different Chickpea cultivars KK-1, KK-2, KK-3, Chattan, Lawaghir, Sheenghar, Fakhar-e-Thal, were obtained from Karak Research Station Ahmad Wala and evaluated for proximate composition and mineral contents. The data related to proximate composition and mineral profile showed significant diff...
Syed Mazuan, Syed Mohamed, Insyirah Ishak, Dzolkhifli Omar and Norhayu Asib*
...Studies showed the major leaf defoliator of oil palm in Malaysia is the bagworm, Metisa plana. Various spraying methods had been developed for controlling the bagworms. A ground study was conducted in FELDA Gunung Besout 04, Perak, with its main focus on mistblower application towards bagworms. Stihl SR420 mistblower was characterised by having 1.2L / min flow rate, produced volume median diameter of 80μm, and achieved spraying productivity of 2.58 hectares...
Imran Ullah Khan*, Noor Ul Amin, Sayyed Hamad Ahmad Shah, Maqsood Khan, Shehzad Ahmad and Syed Aizaz Ali Shah
...umber of leaves plant-1, leaf area (cm2), number of branches plant-1, number of flower plant-1, diameter of flower (cm), fresh flower weigh (g), flower stalk length (cm) and flower vase life. The above mentioned parameters are highly influenced by most of humic acid levels. The increment value were shown on humic acid at the rate of 10 kg ha ‑1 for days to flowering (21.2 days), plant height (85.0 cm), number of leaves plant-1 (183.7), ...
Allah Bakhsh1, Attiq Akhtar1*, Fiaz Hussain1 and Shabbir Ahmed2
... seasons in a row. Total leaf removal was used before bloom, during full bloom, and four weeks after bloom, and was compared to an untreated control (non-defoliated). In all leaf removal treatments, titratable acidity and bunch rot incidence decreased significantly, while total soluble solids, total phenolic content, total sugars, and reducing sugars increased significantly when compared to regulation. In comparison to the o...
Muhammad Shakil Ahmad1*, Muhammad Afzal1, Sylvain Nafiba Ouedraogo2 and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1
...all parameters including leaf weight loss, larval weight gain, relative food consumption and growth rates and conversion efficiency of the ingested food were statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05). Exotic potato cultivars Diamant, Desiree and Asterix exhibited maximum leaf consumption and larval weight gain (i.e. 264.61, 259.37 and 233.01 mg and 121.46, 120.17, 120.13 mg, respectively) concomitantly with maximum values of r...
Amjed Ali1, Kamran Arooj1, Bilal Ahmad Khan1*, Muhammad Ather Nadeem1, Muhammad Imran1,2, Muhammad Ehsan Safdar1, Muhammad Mohsin Amin1, Amir Aziz3 and Muhammad Fraz Ali4
...ere used. Data regarding leaf area index, leaf area duration, plant height (cm), number of pod bearing branches per plant, number of grains per pod,1000-grain weight (g), grain yield (kg ha-1), biological yield (kg ha-1) and harvest index (%) of mungbean were recorded by using standrd procedure. Results of experiment revealed that sowing date of 1st march and varity AZRI-2006 result in maximum leaf
Muhammad Iqbal1, Muhammad Mahmood Iqbal1*, Saghir Ahmad1, Athar Mahmood2, Muhammad Akram1, Hammad Husnain1, Muhammad Shahid1, Saeed Ahmad1, Ali Raza1, Ansar Hussain3, Allah Ditta Abid4, Qaisar Abbas5, Mussarrat Hussain5, Muhammad Akram6 and Muhammad Umair Hassan2
...ast effected with cotton leaf curl virus when planted on 1st March during first year (25.0%) and 16th march sowing during second year (3.0%). In conclusion, cotton cultivar MNH-1020 can sown from 1st March to 16th April in order to get better cotton yield and quality....
Muhammad Irfan Ullah1*, Sana Majeed1, Muhammad Arshad1, Nimra Altaf1, Muhammad Luqman2, Asad Abdullah1 and Muhammad Afzal3
Sajid Ali, Shahen Shah* and Muhammad Arif
...cantly improved the flag leaf area (36.9 cm2) and leaf area tiller-1 (97.2 cm2). While more spike m-2 (248), maximum grains spike-1 (47.2), spike length (13.1 cm), and thousand grains weight (42.9 g) were observed with foliar application of 2 kg ha-1 Zn. Significantly maximum leaf area tiller-1 (96.4 m2), flag leaf area (36.2 cm2), spike m-2 (253), grain...
Misbah Ali1, Safdar Ali1, Muhammad Ahmad Zeshan2*, Rana Binyamin3, Nadeem Ahmed4, Muhammad Usman Ghani5 and Awais Ahmed Khan2
...e causal organism of red leaf spot of sorghum which causes heavy losses to the sorghum crop cultivated in different areas of Pakistan. It produces black anthracnose spots on all the above ground parts especially leaves. In the present study, four fungicides (Aliette, Cabrio Top, Nativo, and Melody Duo) were evaluated against C. graminicola under in-vitro and in-vivo conditions. The poisoned food technique was used for in vitro trials with three concentrations ...
Hassan Naveed1*, Kamran Sohail2, Gul Zamin Khan3 and Yalin Zhang2
...: justify;">The Oriental leafhopper genus Parallygus Melichar, 1903 is reported for the first time from North Western Part of Pakistan with redescription of habitus and male genitalia of Parallygus rameshi Viraktamath and Webb, 2012. A worldwide checklist with distribution for species of genus Parallygus Melichar is also provided....
Tahseen Ullah* and Noorul Amin
...ight, dry leaves weight, leaf area, root diameter, chlorophyll content, sprout diameter, fresh root weight, number of branches, shoot length and root length while the days to bud sprouting, fresh leaves weight and number of roots have non-significantly affected by IBA concentration and types of stem cutting. The results had shown that sprouting percentage was highest (99.33 %) in hard wood cutting while minimum sprouting (20 %) in soft wood cutting treated wit...
Hussan Ara Begum1, Muhammad Hamayun1, Noor Shad1, Waqar Khan3, Jawad Ahmad1, Muhammad Ezaz Hasan Khan2, David Aaron Jones2 and Kishwar Ali2*
...6.90 (µmol m-2) of leaf area while treatment showed 8.08 (µmol m-2) in 30min, 8.01 (µmol m-2) in 60min and 10.01 (µmol m-2) in 120min exposure. In both species, fresh and dry weights were decreased, as compared to the control set. The fresh weight of the control was 0.85g, 0.65g in 30min, 0.78g in 60min and 0.61g in 120min exposure. The dry weight of the control was recorded to be 0.70g, 0.60g in 30min, 0.62g in 60min and 0.50g in 120mi...
Muhammad Ramzan1*, Unsar Naeem-Ullah2, Muhammad Umair Sial2, Naeem Iqbal2 and Shafqat Saeed2
...hese plants. Among them, leaf eating caterpillar, Trilocha varians (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) is serious insect pest for these precious plant species in various countries. The larvae of the pest can cause 80-100% defoliation. The various confirmed host of T. varians include Ficus benjamina, F. religiosa, F. benghalensis, F. caraica, F. infectoria, F. elastica, F. nitida, Artocarpus communis, A. heterpphyllus and A. kamansi. Fairly limited studies are documented...
Muhammad Usman Aslam1, Muhammad Umer Chattha1, Imran Khan1, Rizwan Maqbool1, Muhammad Bilal Chattha2*, Fiaz Hussan3, Muhammad Nawaz4, Muhammad Shakeel Hanif5, Muhammad Ahsin Ayub6, Muhammad Talha Aslam1, Mina Khan7 and Muhammad Umair Hassan1
...also resulted in maximum leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR), productive tillers (323.11), spikelet/spike (15.88), grains/spike (44.55), 1000-grain weight (42.13g), grain yield (5.13 t ha-1) and biological yield (14.59 t ha-1) and minimum, LAI, CGR and tillers (291.55), spikelet/spike (12.55), grains/spike (36.11), 1000-grain weight (35.91g), grain yield (3.67 t ha-1) and biological yield (11.80 t ha-1) was noticed in control (no mulch) . In case of ...
Syed Muhammad Sulaiman, Nazir Ahmad and Nazir Ahmad Khan*
... 8, when the second last leaf was visible. The collected samples were immediately weighed, and 10 plants were subsampled from each sample for morphological evaluation. Ten plants were weighed and separated into stem and leaves portion, subsequently weighed and analysed for dry matter (DM) content. The remaining samples were air dried, ground and analysed for chemical composition and in vitro digestibility (IVDMD) and in vitro gas production (IVGP). The results...
Ain-ul-Abad Syed1*, Zaheer Ahmed Khan1, Shakeel Hussain Chattha1, Irfan Ahmed Shaikh2, Mian Noor Hussain Asghar Ali1, Zohaib ur Rehman Bughio3, Shahzad Hussain Dahri2 and Ghous Bakhsh Buriro4
...ivation. On average, the leaf area was 24 percent, height 25 percent, and steam scale 24 percent greater than geoponic. Statistically, there was a substantial (p<0.05) variation in the leaf area, height, and steam scale of plants, suggesting that hydroponic technology could also increase crop yields by up to 25 percent. It is inferred from this analysis that hydroponic cultivation is successful in saving water and fertili...
Mokbel, Samah A.1,Ahmed K. El Attar1; Azza G.Farag2.
...al DNA was isolated from leaf tissues of infected hibiscus
plants. Nestedpolymerase chain reaction(PCR) was performed using the universal -
phytoplasma specific primers; P1/P7, R16F2n/R16R2.Witches‟ broom specific primers
SR1/ SR2, at the spacer region (SR), were used for the direct PCR. Amplicons of
expected size characteristic for phytoplasma associated witches‟ broom were obtained
from infected...
Amro A. Farrag1; Ahmed K. El-Attar1; Om-Hashem M. El-Banna2; Ibrahim A. I.2; H.
M. Mazyad1
...).
...
Samah A. Mokbel, Ahmed K. El-Attar
...ts
including leaf yellowing and lack of growth. The 5Gy dose was proved to be best
effective dose for controlling the phytoplasma without affecting the in vitro growth
and survival rate, while the higher doses leaded to strongly reducing the survived
hibiscus explants with increasing the inability to re-shoot.
...
Samah A. Mokbel1, Ashraf A. Abd El-Mohsen2
...ected tubers with potato leafroll virus (PLRV) or potato virus x (PVX) from two cultivars Spunta or Lady Rosette as demonstrated by serological detection were used as a source for virus-free minitubers production. This achived by subjecting tubers directly to thermotherapy treatment at 36ºC, 37ºC or 38ºC for three weeks which resulting in 50%, 70% or 80% of PLRV-free tubers and 0%, 16.6% or 33.3% of PVX-free tubers respectively. Moreover, no eff...
Om-Hashem M. El-Banna1, Maisa A.E. Awad2, M.S. Abbas3, Hoda M. A. Waziri2 and Huda S. A. Darwish2
...ltrastructure changes in leaf tissues of both Tomato and Grapevine artificially infected with Tomato ringspot virus were studied by light and electron microscopy. By light microscopy viral infection resulted in the presence of amorphous inclusion bodies in the cytoplasm of infected leaves.Phloem tissues were also affected by infection. Investigations of leaf tissues of both tomato and grapevine by Transmission Electron Micro...
Amro A. Farrag1; Ahmed K. El-Attar1; Om-Hashem M. El-Banna2; Ibrahim A. I.2; H. M. Mazyad 1
...to 94%.
...
A. B. Badr1 ; M. A. S. El-kady2; and Kh. E. A. Saker2
...thickness of
leaflet blades, palisade and spongy tissues were increased than the healthy plants. In
contrast the thickness of upper and lower epidermis layers were reduced. Also the
thickness of midrib zone was slightly reduced. Moreover, vascular tissues lost their
normal shape and arrangement as xylem arms. The most interesting finding, lengths
of both , protoxylem and metaxylem were reduced while t...
Aly M. Abdel-Salam
...div>governorates showing leaf symptoms of pronounced flecks or freckles and vein
banding which turn later to chlorotic and necrotic strips. Polymerase chain reaction
(PCR) utilizing degenerate primers for badnaviruses for the reverse trancriptase,
RT/RNase genome regions of ORF III detected the virus in infected sugarcane leaves
and in its vector Saccharicoccus sacchari and in another unidentified
Pse...
Amira A. Mazyad1; A. A. Kheder1; Ahmed K. El-Attar1; W. Amer.2; Mahasen, H. Ismail.2; Amal, A.F.1
... seven families. Typical leaf curling, chlorosis, vein clearing and stunting were appeared on indicator host (cucumber) 3 weeks post inoculation. Stability experiments of SLRSV showed that the thermal inactivation point was 48-62°C; the dilution end point was 10-4 to 10-6 and the longevity in vitro 10 - 18 days at room temperature. The diagnosis of SLRSV in the infected tissues of strawberry plants was performed using both serological (DAS-ELISA) and molec...
Eman A. Ahmed1, Osama Y. Shalaby2, Emad F. Dwidar2, Samah A. Mokbel1, Ahmed K. El-Attar1
...the family Cicadellidae (leafhopper, Empoasca decipiens) and in
germinated seeds within the fruit, suggesting mechanical inoculation and seedtransmissible
were not feasible while the positive results were obtained by the other three
techniques for host plants with numerous symptoms obtained later. Transmission electron
microscopy (TEM) of experimentally inoculated samples, revealed phytoplasma in the
...
M. A. Kararah1, Om-Hashem M. El-Banna1, Salwa N. Zein2 and Abd-Elrehiem, A.F.3
...section of PMV- infected leaf tissue revaled several
morphological changes and aggregated virus particles associated with
pinwheel inclusion bodies. Salicylic acid and Parahydroxy benzoic acid
were used for induction of systemic acquired resistance, whereas camphor
oil was used as an antiviral agent to reduce PMV infection. Parahydroxy
benzoic acid was effective at 0.001% concentration, exhibited 88.7...
Arshad Abdulkhalq Yaseen1,2* and Mária Takácsné Hájos1
...ringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf extract (MLE) in improving some quality parameters of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) grown under plastic tunnel conditions. In this regard, three different lettuce varieties (May King, Kobak and Great Lakes) were grown in spring 2019 and 2020. The concentration of 6% MLE was sprayed as a biostimulant every two weeks from transplanting with the amount of 25 mL plant-1. The results indicated that lettuce vegetation quality (head struct...
Sadiq Haladu1*, Taiwo Oladoye Akande2 and Mudassir Nasir3
...2 with 1% Fluted pumpkin leaf meal (FLM), diet 3 with 2% Fluted pumpkin leaf meal, diet 4 with 1% Moringa leaf meal (MLM) diet 5 with 2% Moringa leaf meal, diet 6 with 1% mixture of FLM and MLM and diet 7 with 2% mixture of FLM and MLM, the mixture was in the of ratio 1:1. The diets were fed to 105 Isa brown laying birds with 15 birds per treatment arran...
Megahed, A.A.1; Kh. A.El-Dougdoug2 and B.A. Othman2
...tling, mosaic, blisters, leaf curling, stunting, yellowing and necrosis. Depending on the external symptoms, the present study revealed that, the total of expected and recorded viruses was five sugar beet viruses (CMV, BtMV, BNYVV, BCTV and BYV). The highly incidence percentage was recorded to BCTV (53.3 and 47.2 %) for both seasons (2009/2010 and 2010/2011). The values of ELISA conformation of total tested 240 of 915 samples of naturally cultivated plants wer...
Sahar A. Youssef1; Manal A. El-Shazly1,2; Azza G.Farag1,3; Eman A. Khattab1,2
...c spots, wavy lines, oak leaf pattern, leaf deformation, reduction in number and diameter of flowers , color breaking and necrotic spots on flower petals .The virus was biologically purified from single local lesion formed on Chenopodium quinoa. The isolated virus was identified on the basis of symptomatology, transmissibility, serological tests and molecular technique. The virus was identified serologically by direct ELISA,...
Badr, A. B. 1, Abou-zeid, A. A2. and Al-Naggar, A. M1.
...lities changes of potato leaflets and tubers infected with Potato virus Y. Anatomical features of terminal leaflets i.e. mean of thickness both, midrib zone, leaflet blade, upper epidermal layer, palisade and spongy tissues, length and width of protoxylem and metaxylem vessels were reduced. However, lower epidermal layer was increased. Stomatal characters i.e. number of stomata and length ...
Eman A. Ahmed1, Osama Y. shalaby2, Emad F. Dwidar2, Samah A. Mokbel1 and Ahmed K. El-Attar1
...plasma. The thickness of leaf blade was remarkably increased by 200% as well as thickness of either palisade or spongy tissues by 212.5% or 275%, and significant malformation in leaflet midvein was observed which consequently led to increase in both length and width of midvein by 15.19% and 5%. Electron microscopy was used to recognize the internal changes in cell organelles due to phytoplasma infection. The results obtained...
Rafia Ahsan1, Saif Ullah1, Ijaz Yaseen1, Faisal Sohail Fateh1, Muhammad Fayyaz1, Shahzad Asad1, Atif Jamal1, Muhammad Sufyan2 and Muhammad Zakria1*
...al, forty seven diseased leaf samples were collected from the entire surveyed locations. Thirty isolates were confirmed as Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) through PCR and pathogenicity on susceptible host. The results indicate that BLB is continuously present in rice growing areas of Pakistan specially in Basmati area of Punjab for last many years. There is need to introduce resistant Basmati varieties to reduce the inoculum level and yield losses....
Salama M. El-Saghir1, 2
...osity, mosaic, stunting, leaf bronzing, and early
leaf dropping. Heavy losses; however, can occur upon mixed infection with PVS and PVX or PVM.
Objective: The objective of this study is to characterize the incidence of PVS serologically with
authentic antiserum for PVS and, molecularly using specific primers for PVS.
Methods: In-direct ELISA (I-ELISA) and dot blotting immunobin...
Salama M. El-Saghir1, 2
...detected. These involved leaf yellowing and
withering, reduction in fruit size, malformation of fruits (where two or three fruits were attached
together), and tree death were observed.
Objective: The objective of this study is to characterize the nature of this disease complex through
examining the incidence of PNRSV and phytoplasma in these trees.
Methods: The incidence of PNRSV in the peach trees un...
Rasha M. Mahrous1,4, Ahmed K. El-Attar2, Ahlam A. AlWatban1, Sohair I. EL-Afifi3,
Nagwa M. Aref1,3
...te the phloem tissues of leaf
petiole sections from infected trees. The phytoplasma was detected in the sieve tubes and parenchyma
cells of leaf midribs by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Phytoplasma was molecularly
detected in symptomatic samples using the specific primers of their 16S-23S rRNA gene by PCR.
Results: The Phytoplasma was isolated on indicator (Vollka mar...
Maha A. El-Abhar1, Moustafa A. Elkady1, Khaled M. Ghanem2, Hussieny A. Bosila3
... AMV infection in potato leaf cells.
Methods: Leaf samples were collected on the basis of visual symptoms from potato plants with yellow
blotching symptoms, called “Calico” and leaf distortion. A sap-transmitted virus isolated from potato
was biologically purified after three successive single local lesion passages onto Chenopodium
Allam A. Megahed, Badawi A. Othman, Samar S. El Masry, Abeer A. Faiesal and Mohamed A. Nasr Eldin
...ected
potato leaf tissues.
Conclusion: Occurrence of PVM was detected and confirmed in commercial potato seed tubers in
Egypt using the RT-PCR technique.
...
Ahmed K. El-Attar1, Samah A. Mokbel1 and Om-Hashem M. EL-Banna2
...016, several symptoms of leaf
necrosis, bright yellow mosaic and malformation of leaves suggested viral infection of AMV on
basil plants grown in Beni Suef governorate.
Objectives: The present study aimed to characterize the virus at the molecular level and
described the ultrastructural changes or other histopathological alterations in basil cells
following infection by AMV.
Methods: Studi...
Shimaa M. Gad1, Ahmed A. Kheder1, Mohamed A. Awad 2
...n, virescence and little leaf symptoms
was observed Giza, Egypt.
Objective: The current work aims the detection and molecular identification of phytoplasma infecting
Gazania in Egypt.
Methods: Phytoplasma disease was detected and isolated from naturally infected gazania plants during
surveys in flower nurseries and open filed in Giza governorate, it was transmitted from naturally
infected ...
Ahmed M. Soliman
...ng, blisters, shoestring leaf, mottling and stunting in different regions of Al-Ahsaa at Eastern Province in Saudi Arabia was conducted during the spring of 2016 and 2017. The viral isolates were biologically isolated by single chlorotic local lesion on Chenopodium amaranticolor and propagated in healthy Nicotiana benthamiana. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with specific primers designed f...
Tahsin S. Shoala1, Ahmed K. El-Attar2, Ahmed I. Abd El Maksoud3
Samah A. Mokbel, Eman A. Ahmed, Hanan F. El-Kammar, Ahmed A. Kheder
...d symptoms of mosaic and leaf malformation. Detection was performed
depending on the presence of specific antibodies against CMV, and isolation from local lesions on
Chenopodium amaranticolor as a local lesion host. Eleven plant species belonging to four families
were used to confirm the presence of CMV in the inoculum. Detection of the coat protein gene of
CMV in infected leaves has been done by reverse transcri...
Muhammad Nasir1, Muhammad Usman Asif2*, Abdul Hayee Abid1, Qurat ul Ain Haneef1 and Muhammad Awais2
...sect pests of cotton and leaf curl virus (CLCuV) in relation to weather parameters was conducted in four tehsils viz. Alipur, Jatoi, Kot Addu and Muzaffargarh of district Muzaffargarh (Punjab, Pakistan). In each tehsil pest scouting was conducted in 40-50 spots (five acres each) per week selected randomly starting from 1st June to 30th October each year. Hot spots (pest incidence at and above Economic Threshold level, ETL) for each tehsil were determined weekl...
Haroon Ur Rashid1*, Nazia Tahir2, Muhammad Zamin3, Naveed Shehzad4, Aman Ullah2, Bibi Zainub5 and Farooq Azam6
...) of total weeds 60 DAS, leaf area (cm2), leaf area Index (%) and Stover yield (Kg.ha-1). Integration of tillage regimes and various allelopathic treatments had significant effect on tested parameters. However, the efficacy of surface mulches was more pronounced than atrazine foliar application @ 0.50 kg a.i ha-1 and allelopathic plants water extracts combined with atrazine @ 0.125 kg a.i ha-1. Data obtained for the interact...
Gulzar Ullah* and Gohar Ayub
...ato seedlings at their 4-leaf stage were subjected to a 350C temperature stress for 10, 15 and 20 hrs as a pre-transplant hardening method. Both groups HP (heat pretreatment) and NHP (Non-heat pretreatment or Control) were then transplanted to the field. Results revealed that different heat pretreatment durations and varieties significantly affected the growth and yield of tomato. Regarding heat pretreatment durations, number of flower clusters plant-1 (16.06)...
M. Azam, Iqtidar Hussaian*, Ghazanfar ullah, A.A. Khakwani, M.S. Baloch, K. Waseem, M. Amjed Nadeem and M.K. Javaid
...ata was recorded on flag leaf area (cm2), chlorophyll content (μ g cm-2), plant height (cm), number of fertile tillers hill-1, number of unfertile tillers hill-1, panicle length (cm), spikelet fertility (%), number of grains panicle-1, 1000-grain weight(g), biological yield (kg ha-1), grain yield (kg ha-1), benefit cost ratio (BCR) and Harvest index (%). Seedling density showed significant differences for traits such as unfertile tiller hill-1, while transp...
Arshad Khan1, Mohammad Ihsan1, Ali Hazrat1*, Mohammad Nisar1, Muhammad Laiq1, Maryam Bibi1, Nasir Ali2, Ulfat Naz1, Muhammad Zakria1, Nausheen Nazir3, Adam Khan4 and Muhammad Asif Nawaz5
... diversity was found for leaf length with the range of 4 to 15 cm, leaf width 1 to 7.0 cm, petiole length range from 0.5 to 4.5cm.The internodes length ranged from 0.5cm to 6. The seed length ranged from 4 to 11mm. The 100 seed weight ranged from 7.7 to 48g. Correlation analysis revealed that leaf width was strongly significant with leaf length (0.454**)...
Izaz Hussain, Ahmad Khan* and Habib Akbar
...ameters (leaves plant-1, leaf area and index, ear length, and plant height) were improved in treated plots than control plots. The application of 50 L BM ha-1 improved maize growth contributing parameters over 25 L BM ha-1. Increasing the application rate of HA from 3 to 9 kg ha-1 had increased leaves plant-1, leaf area, leaf area index, plant height and ear length of maize. Higher applica...
Muhammad Irfan Ullah1*, Muhammad Arshad1, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1, Nimra Altaf1, Muhammad Afzal2
...ra: Liviidae) and citrus leafminer (CLM), Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) are imperative insect pests of citrus orchards due to their relation with bacterial diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of soil-applied insecticides against these insect pests. The results of present study showed that soil application of imidacloprid gave a significant control compared to other insecticides. The lowest pop...
Tanmoy Mandal1 and Sunil Kr. Ghosh2*
...rvation it is found that leaf miner was found active throughout the year on som plant leaves. Higher population level was maintained during 27th standard week to 34th standard week that is during 1st week of July to last week of August with highest population (20.42 larvae/5 leaves) recorded on 32nd standard week that is on the 2nd week of August. Leaf miner population h...
Kawa A. Ali1*, Sazar S. Noraldeen2 and Arshad A. Yaseen2, 3
Muhammad Waheed* and Dost Muhammad
...eat seedlings growth and leaf [P]. Results showed that the labile P fraction initially increased and then decreased and as compared to control and untreated FYM composts, all treated pots maintained higher labile P at all the three sampling times. However, the moderately labile and non-labile fractions showed non-significant changes with time. The Plant height, biomass and total P uptake were found significantly higher in the treatment fertilized with 2 % TSP ...
Yuli Andriani1*, Rintan Octaviana Julia1, Lintang Permata Sari Yuliadi1, Iskandar Iskandar1 and
Yaya Rukayadi2
Muhammad Bilal Tayyab1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Muhammad Asam Riaz1, Muhammad Anjum Aqueel2, Sylvain Nafiba Ouedraogo3, Muhammad Luqman4, Kanwer Shahzad Ahmed1 and Mujahid Tanvir1
...ng standard twig-dip and leaf-dip bioassay methods, respectively. Results of initial screening bioassay showed the highest mortality of D. citri by 10% extracts of Mentha longifolia (L.) Huds. (93%), Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall. (91%), Nerium indicum Mill. (89%), Datura alba L. (88%) and Salvia officinalis L. (81%). Second bioassay conducted against A. gossypii using different concentrations (5, 10, 20 and 40%) of the most effective botanical extracts reve...
Yonghua Liu*, Xianhua Li, Xiongfei Yan, Gang Li, Caiyun Luo and Ying He
... gigantina Yang is a leaf-eating pest, and there have been severe outbreaks of it in Hippophae rhamnoides plantations in North China. To study the effects of short-term high temperatures on its feeding, mating, longevity, and fecundity, T. vishnou gigantina were cultivated at 30, 35, and 40°C for 1, 2, and 4 h. The results showed that the different intensities and durations of the high temperatures had significant impacts on the moth&rsqu...
Salma Javed1* and Daniyal Siddiq2
...ck plum Syzygium cumini, leaf aqueous, ethanol and methanol extracts were investigated for managing the population of Meloidogyne javanica, in tomato. In laboratory conditions second-stage juveniles (J2) mortality was recorded after 24, 48 and 72 h of incubation in concentrations of 0.25, 0.5 or 1%. Maximum mortality was achieved with ethanol extracts followed by aqueous and methanol extracts. In the greenhouse, leaf extract...
Muhammad Junaid Yousaf 1, Farhad Ali2*and Fawad Ali2
...ve water contents (RWC), leaf water loss (WL), and Electrolytic leakage (EL) were measured, the seedlings showed adaptation to the salt stress at the expense of growth rate as high seedling death occurred at 1.2% and 2% treated pots. However, the high growth observed in control pots had low chlorophyll content and high electrolytic leakage, similar to the plants aerially treated with 2% NaCl while plants treated with 0.2%. 0.6% and 1.2% salt concentrations had...
Iffat Nawaz1*, Tahseen Zeb1, Bibi Saima Zeb2 and Javaria Sherani3
...y in qualitative traits (leaf color, leaf pubescence, hypocotyls pigmentation, flower color, pod color, growth habit, dry pod color, pod curvature, pod beak position, pod beak orientation, seed shape, seed coat pattern and seed color) was studied by using standard Chi square test for homogeneity of populations. Results showed that agro climatic conditions have no influence on the qualitative traits. Secondly, each landrace h...
Mubeen Zahra1,2, Muhammad Nawaz3, Muhammad Umer Chattha4, Imran Khan4, Muhammad Bilal Chattha5*, Muhammad Ashraf Bhatti6, Abdul Rehman4, Faryal Ahmed4, Faran Muhammad4, Mina Kharal7 and Muhammad Umair Hassan4
...s indicated that maximum leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR), tillers (356.2 m2), spikelet/spike (18.61), grains/spike (49.53), 1000-grain weight (44.4 g), biological yield (12.95 t ha-1) and grain yield (4.61 t ha-1) was recorded in control whereas lowest value for these parameters were recorded when first irrigation was applied 60 days after sowing. Among cultivars Galaxy-2013 performed well maximum LAI, CGR, plant height (83.42 cm), tillers (358 m...
Muhammad Usman Hanif, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed*, Muhammad Arshad, Muhammad Irfan Ullah
...ioassayed using standard leaf-dip method. Results revealed that spinosad and 10% A. indica aqueous extract exhibited maximum mean cumulative mortality of hadda beetle grubs (i.e. 84.1 and 73.4%, respectively) and adults (i.e. 67.4 and 58.8%, respectively) recorded at 5th day of exposure. Combined application of both these effective treatments enhanced their toxicity to E. vigintioctopunctata and caused 88.9 and 77.6% cumulative mortality of grubs and adults, r...
Rasool Bux Kalhoro1, Ghulam Mustafa Laghari2*, Ghulam Hyder Jamro2 and Muhammad Ibrahim Keerio2
...ctively. Whereas maximum leaf area 190.72 cm2 and 190.0 cm2 were observed from 60cm row spacing. The maximum days to flowering 45.06 and days to maturity 117.28 were recorded at row spacing 60cm with a seed rate of 90 kg ha-1. The row spacing 45 cm with a seed rate of 75 and 90 kg ha-1 showed minimum days 41.67to 41.94 to leghaemoglobium in nodules. While 60cm row spacing with all seed rates had short time 61.61 to 61.72 days to disappearance leghaemoglobium i...
Muhammad Rizwan1*, Bilal Atta1, Misbah Rizwan2, Arshed Makhdoom Sabir1, Muhammad Tahir3, Muhammad Sabar1, Muddassar Ali1 and Muhammad Yasir Ali4
..."font-size: small;">Rice leaffolder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée), is one of the most destructive and key pests of rice in Asian countries. Effective insecticides are available to cope with this pest, but this solution is not a long-term strategy because of apprehensions about health and environmental hazards, exposure risks, residual perseverance and development of resistance. So there is a need to find out an alternate practice for the man...
Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Muhammad Irfan Ullah1, Dilbar Hussain2, Muhammad Luqman3, Muhammad Qasim1, Gulfam Yousaf1, Hamza Latif1 and Muhammad Zeeshan1
...mangiferae Green), mango leafhopper (Idioscopus clypealis Lethierry), Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri Kuwayama) and subterranean termites (Odontotermes obesus Rambur). Standard twig- and filter paper-dip bioassay methods were used against sap-feeding pests and termites, respectively. Factorial analyses of variance revealed a significant impact of tested insecticidal formulations and exposure time on the mortality all insect pest individuals. The most ef...
Vahid Mollasadeghi1,2* and Samaneh Elyasi1,2
...d. PVY-activated tobacco leaf extract was used to infect the potato plant. This paper measured chlorophyll a, b, leaf area, number of leaves, stem length and tuber weight. The results showed that the symptoms of PVY were completely distinguishable on the leaves of tobacco plants compared to PVY on the leaves of Agria. PVY-infected leaves were more curled and paler than healthy leaves of cultivars Agria. The results of analys...
Ali Ikhwan1*, Dian Indratmi1, Faridlotul Hasanah1, Manar Fayiz Mousa Atoum2,3 and Irum Iqrar4,5
...psici. Purple cleome leaf is extracted with 1:1 w/v absolute methanol and concentrated with 1:1 v/v cold absolute methanol, and then the supernatant is purified using a centrifuge. The metabolic analysis was performed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and comparing the data with the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database to obtain specific metabolites. The inhibition test was done with one control (P0: chemical fungi...
Tamoor Ali1*, Muhammad Hamid Bashir1, Bilal Saeed Khan1, Abdul Ghaffar2, Danish Riaz3, Muhammad Zia ul Haq1, Shoaib Nawaz1, Aneeb Ali1, Iftikhar ul Hassan1, Ikram Ul Haq4, Muhammad Khuram Shahzad1, Usama Saleem5 and Tamsila Nazir2
...ation of whitefly (4.707/leaf), thrips (4.073/leaf) and jassid (3.940/leaf) was found in July on MNH-886, CEMB-33 and FH-942 respectively. Extreme in addition least temperature had positive outcome on pests including whitefly, thrips and jassid culture. In case of thrips, whitefly and jassid rainfall, relative humidity and sunlight exposure had negative effects.The moisture having negative...
Qurban Ali1, Muhammad Faheem Akhtar1, Asad Aslam1*, Muhammad Shehzad2, Muhammad Jamal2, Humaira Malik1, Imran Nadeem1, Aqsa Abbas1, Muhammad Jawad Saleem1, Tamsila Nazir1 and Kanwal Hanif1
...1308 and K014002.Minimum leaf damage percentage (1.1289%) was observed in K014001 followed by K014002, K14003 and K01308 however maximum damage (7.25%) was observed in K01242....
Muhammad Rizwan1*, Jehanzeb Farooq1, Amjad Farooq1, Muhammad Farooq1,2, Ghulam Sarwar1, Muhammad Nadeem1, Muhammad Riaz4, Muhammad Rafique Shahid3, Hafiz Ghazanfar Abbas1 and Muhammad Kashif Shahzad Sarwar1
...the relationship amongst leaf chlorophyll contents, yield and related parameters, 18 advanced genotypes of cotton were tested in a trial at Cotton Research Station, Faisalabad. Highly significant results were noticed in the analysis of variance. Further investigation in correlation analysis revealed that there was comendable positive association among leaf chlorophyll contents, seed cotton yield (SCY), No. of sympodia, seed ...
Shehzadi Saima1*, Faiza Ghaffar1, Ghulam Yasin1, Muhammad Nawaz2 and Khalid Masood Ahmad1
... on six varieties (Green leaf, Rama posa, Arka anamika, Super green, Okra kashish and Nerali) of Okra. The results clearly indicated that seeds of all varieties can tolerate the lower concentration of salt (25 mM) and higher (50 mM) greatly reduced the seeds germination while at highest concentration (75 mM) no germination was recorded. Salt treatments also reduced the dry and fresh weight of roots and shoots in all varieties considerably (P<0.05). Over all...
Juliet N. Ozioko1, Obinna V. Ayogu2, Benjamin O. Ezema1, Dilibe C. Uramah3 and Kingsley O. Omeje*,1
...ophyllum albidum ethanol leaf extract was studied to ascertain it potentials on hematological indices and hepatocyte of wistar albino rat. Twenty-five rats that weighed 98-168g were separated into five groups. Phytochemicals were quantified using standard methods. Alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponnins and terpernoids were detected. The leaf extract had 0.415 % of alkaloids, 0.102 mg/TAEq of tannins, 0.211 mg/QEq of flavo...
Dyah Roeswitawati1*, Iva Kristova1, Muhidin Muhidin1, Otto Endarto2, Manar Fayiz Mousa Atoum3,4, Irum Iqrar5,6 and Luqman Ali Shah7
...f imago red mite. Papaya leaf pesticide treatment of a concentration of 15 % was effective in suppressing imago red mite 80 %. The 10 % concentration of chrysanth leaf pesticide was effectively suppressing the imago red mite 80 %. Soursop leaf pesticide treatment of a concentration of 5 % was effective in suppressing imago red mite 82 %.
...
Sajad Ali Solangi1, Jamal-U-Ddin Hajano1*, Rehana Naz Syed1, Sohail Ahmed Otho2, Khadim Hussain Wagan1, Agha Mushtaque Ahmed2, Fahad Nazir Khoso2, Aftab Raza Jarwar3 and Suman Tarique Qazi1
...able in Pakistan. Tomato leaf curl viral disease caused by tomato leaf curl virus (TLCV) (genus: Begomovirus, family: Geminiviridae) and transmitted by whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) is considered as the most devastating one. Recently, available tomato varieties are not screened against this disease in the agro-ecosystem of Sindh Province of Pakistan. Therefore, in this study 12 commercial varieties of tomato such as, TO-1057, Ad...
Ghassan Zahid1, Sania Begum2, Sikandar Almani3, Sahir Hameed Khattak2, Rajesh Kumar Soothar4 and Shakeel Ahmed Soomro4*
...eases in wheat crop like leaf, stripe and stem-rust declines the grain quality and productivity. Cultivars having a durable rust resistance is an effective method to control the spread of rust disease in cereal crops particularly in wheat. The experiment was conducted on fifty-two wheat lines comprised of forty-five double haploids of wheat along with seven wheat genotypes. Besides that, three positive checks and three SSR primers were also included in the stu...
Javed Khan1, Abdul Majid1, Mohammad Nisar2*, Ali Hazrat2, Nausheen Nazir3, Muhammad Zahoor3, Mohammad Ihsan2, Azhar Hussain Shah1, Muhamad Ajmal Khan4 and Muhammad Yahya1
...or morphological traits (leaf, petiole, nut, and catkin size). A significant level of variations was observed in the size of the leaf (10.22%), petiole (24.84%), catkin (9.19%), and nut (3.08%). There is a significant correlation between petiole size and leaf size, which is an important nutritional parameter that could be used successfully in future breeding programs. Based on cluster anal...
Sana Khalid1,2*, Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman2,3, Usman Hameed2,4, Shabnum Shaheen1, Muhammad Naveed Shahid5, Khajista Jabeen1, Farah Khan1, Muhammad Saleem Haider1
... and transmit the cotton leaf curl Kokhran virus-Burewala strain (CLCuKoV-Bu)- a begomovirus from infected to healthy tobacco plants due to the inability of whiteflies to feed on Nicotiana benthamiana Domin. leaves. Although whitefly successfully acquired and transmitted the CLCuKoV-Bu from symptomatic tomato leaves to healthy one whose presence later confirmed by DNA extraction from whiteflies and symptomatic plants followed by PCR amplification of CP gene an...
Naima Din1, Misbah Ashraf1, Muhammad Rizwan2*, Muhammad Babar Shahzad Afzal4, Hafiz Ghazanfar Abbas2, Farrukh Ilahi2, Amir Hameed5, Muhammad Ahsin Ayub6, Qurban Ali1 and Muhammad Farooq2,3
...ber of branches, area of leaf lamina, hair density on midrib, chlorophyll contents and moisture percentage were also evaluated for the tested varieties. Among the tested varieties, OK Advanta-803 was most resistant to the jassid (13.36/leaf), whereas NS-810 was most susceptible to the A. devastans (23.93/leaf). A. devastans population showed a significant and positive correlation (r = 0.85...
Hassan Ali1, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1* and Muhammad Imran Hamid2
...act of C. reticulata and leaf extract of S. nigrum and microbial formulations of B. thuringiensis and L. lecanii are recommended to the indigenous farmers as biorational options for the management of T. granarium and other stored grain insect pests....
Doaa Khairy1, Mohamed Ali Osman2 and Fatma Abdel Mohsen Mostafa1*
...the potential of aqueous leaf extracts of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam), or neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) singly or in integration with different parts of canola (Brassica napus L.) extracts to alleviate the deleterious effect of Meloidogyne incognita as well as ameliorate tomato growth in vivo. A mixture of moringa or neem aqueous leaf extracts with different parts of canola viz. leaf
Waqar Khan1, Muhammad Atif Khan1, Waseem Abbas1, Muhammad Shakeel1, Hammad Uddin2 and Bismillah Shah1*
...n the current study, the leafhopper genus Exitianus Ball is reviewed based on around 200 specimens sampled from various regions of Pakistan during 2019–2021. The study revealed the presence of two species, Exitianus nanus (Distant) and Exitianus indicus (Distant) in the region. Their morphological descriptions, an identification key, and photographs are given. Specimens of all examined materials are deposited at the department of Entomology, The Uni...
I Gusti Lanang Oka Cakra1*, Anak Agung Ngurah Badung Sarmuda Dinata2, I Gede Mahardika1, I Gusti Nyoman Gde Bidura1
...lign: justify;">Hibiscus leaf was a native tropical plant that contains saponin that may be used as de-faunating agent in ruminants. In some areas, these plants commonly being used as an alternative feed for ruminant, particularly during the dry season, but the study of its effect was limited. This study aims to determine the effect of additional Hibiscus leaf flour (HLF) in the concentrate on protein balance, blood metaboli...
Adil Ali Gadahi1, Wajid Ali Jatoi1, Saima Mir Arain2, Jay Kumar Sootaher1*, Piar Ali Shar1, Sadaf Memon1, Muhammad Saleem Chang3, Zeeshan Majeed Kumbhar1 and Kirshan Kumar Menghwar1
...inimum decrease for flag leaf area and V2-10-3 caused smaller amount of reduction for biological yield plant-1 at zero irrigation and two irrigations. The genotypes like V3-10-34, V2-10-15, C7-98-4 and V2-10-3 could be recommended for the water deficiency areas of farmers....
Muhammad Musa1*, Saba Saeed2, Azher Mustafa2, Muhammad Ussama Yasin2, Saima Naseer2 and Iftikhar Haider3
...re tested against potato leaf roll virus (PLRV) in field conditions while two nutrient solutions i.e., macronutrients (N, P, K) and micronutrients (B, Zn, Cu, Mn, and Fe) were tested against the disease under glass house conditions during the years 2018 and 2019. All plant defense activators and nutrients were sprayed thrice using three different concentrations (0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%) with 15-days interval. Although all activators were found effective to manage ...
Iqtidar Hussain1, Haroon Shahzad2*, Sami Ullah2*, Muhammad Jawad Nazir1 and Muhammad Rizwan3
...cm), stem diameter (cm), leaf area (m2), Biological yield (t ha-1), and grain yield (t ha-1), significantly affected by different weed management practices in three maize varieties. Maize variety Afghoiy interacted with Dafli (herbicide) after hand weeding registered the best treatment in all regards. However, Herbicides (Dafli and Xiawang 1X) seemed more effective in weed management over control. Horse purslane (Trianthene portulacastrum L.) increases its int...
Naseem Sharif1,2*, Imran Muhammad Siqqique2, Muhammad Kashif Raza3, Urwa Irshad1, Muhammad Ikhlaq Khan4, Ammara Noreen4 , Muhammad Ahsan Qureshi1, Mohsin Abbas5, Muhammad Maaz Aziz5, Sitwat Riaz5, Komal Aslam5 and Naseem Akhtar6
... biochemical traits like leaf length (1.8-5.4cm), thorn length (0.6-2.9 cm), fruit weight (1.88-4.72g), fruit length (8.83-19.34mm), fruit width (11.03 -22.74mm), stone weight (0.32-1.09g), TSS (5.9-13.2%) and vitamin C contents (131.2 to 165.56mg/100g). Most positive correlation was noted between leaf length and leaf width (r=0.897) whereas, the correlation between stem girth and stone wi...
Nimra Altaf1, Muhammad Arshad1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1, Muhammad Irfan Ullah1*, Hamza Latif1, Muhammad Zeeshan1, Gulfam Yousuf1 and Muhammad Afzal2
...le botanical, i.e., neem leaf extract @ (50 ppm and 100 ppm) against FAW larvae in maize. Our findings showed a significant effect (P < 0.001) of these chemicals on the mortality and consumption rate of FAW larvae. Results show that mortality increased in all treatments with time. Recommended dose of chlorantraniliprole (50 ml/100 litre water) insecticide showed 71.0% mortality of FAW on 5th day, which increased up to 82.0% on the 7th day after application ...
Amany R. Sultan1, 2, Gamal A. Morsi2, Hoda El-Fayoumi1, Abdel-Azeem S. Abdel-Baki1*
...on worldwide. The tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta is one of the recent devastating exotic pests that is able to cause severe damage to the tomato crop and is very difficult to control. Therefore, the present study was aimed to evaluate seasonal population dynamics of the tomato leaf miner Tuta absoluta and its parasitoids as well as the rate of parasitism, the parasitoids assemblages and the relative impact of parasitoids o...
Dede Kardaya*, Dewi Wahyuni, Elis Dihansih
...+ 2% Asam gelugur leaf meal (AGLM) (R2), nonconventional rations + 4% AGLM (R3), and nonconventional rations + 6% AGLM (R4) in a completely randomized design with five replicates containing three ducks each. Ducks were reared in battery cages for five weeks. Measurements were taken on meat physical quality (pH, water binding capacity, cooking loss, tenderness) and chemical quality (moisture content, protein, fat, ash, and pho...
Muhammad Rizwan, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza*, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed and Muhammad Arshad
...6.25, 12.5 and 25.0%) of leaf extracts of neem, Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Meliaceae), eucalyptus Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. (Myrtaceae), datura Datura stramonium L. (Solanaceae), batho Chenopodium album L. (Amaranthaceae) and Indian lemongrass Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf (Poaceae) were tested against 3rd instar nymphs of mealybug. Results showed that mean mortality was higher (76.67%) after the application of A. indica extract, followed by E. camald...
Sajid Hanif1, Abdul Shakoor1,4*, Muhammad Farrukh Saleem1, Ifra Saleem2, Sajid Ali3, Muhammad Awais Ashraf4, Majid Nadeem4, Hira Shair4, Anwar ul Haq5, Rana Abdul Hamid Khan6 and Muhammad Amir Amin7
...chlorophyll and relative leaf water contents (14% over control) the most than individual stress imposition. A 29.76% increment in yield was observed as comparison to to (control) by the use of exogenous proline and its quality attribute due to improved chlorophyll and relative leaf water contents (10% increase) alongside reductions in undesired quality parameters like chalkiness, opaqueness and abortive kernels. Concurrent h...
Ghalib Ayaz Kachelo1, Nasir Ahmed Rajput1*, Muhammad Atiq1, Shahbaz Talib Sahi1, Nasir Ahmad Khan1, Akhtar Hameed2, Noor Muhammad1 and Muhammad Saqib Mushtaq1
...d plant extracts against leaf spot disease of spinach caused by Alternaria alternata five plant extracts and five fungicides were evaluated under in vitro and field conditions by using complete randomized design (CRD) and randomized complete block design (RCBD). In plant extracts moringa (Moringa oleifera) showed minimum fungal growth (20.790) mm followed by ginger (Zingiber officinale) (25.910), garlic (Allium sativum) (28.087), neem (Azadirachta indica) (29....
Sajid Ali1*, Shahen Shah2, Muhammad Amin3, Asad Ali Khan2, Sajjad Khan4, Dawood Ahmad5, Faiq Ahmad2, Maaz Khan2, Sikandar Azam1, Siddique Ahmad2 and Bismillah Khan2
...g (54) and silking (55), leaf areaplant-1 (4180 cm2), leaf area index (2.8), plant height (255 cm) and days to harvest maturity (89 were significantly affected when120 kg P ha-1 was applied. Days to tasseling (53), days to silking (55), leaf areaplant-1 (4400 cm2), leaf area index (3.1), plant height (258.6 cm) and days to harvest maturity (89) were sign...
Muhammad Younas1*, Khalid Hussain1, Abdul Ghaffar1, Muhammad Atiq2, Niaz Hussain1, Wasim Abbas3, Muhammad Azeem Khan4, Muhammad Nadeem1, Muhammad Irshad1, Nasir Ahmad Khan2 and Muhammad Zubair5
Hafiz Kashif Ali1, Iftikhar Ahmad1, Mujahid Ali2*, Zahoor Hussain3, Muhammad Ather Nadeem4, Malik Abdul Rehman5, Barkat Ali6, Muhammad Iftikhar7
...rsquo;, produced highest leaf area (42.8 cm2) with 3 ppm Isabion application, when sprayed only one time. Among the number of sprays, plants sprayed three times with Isabion produced the thickest stem diameter followed by 2 and 1 sprays. ‘Cheerful White’ had maximum leaf total chlorophyll contents, followed by ‘Iron White’ and ‘Iron Rose’ (69.1 SPAD and 68.8 SPAD, respectively). Among the ...
Riaz Hussain1*, Adnan Ihsan2, Azaz Ali Shah2, Najeeb Ullah2, Hamza Iftikhar3 and Ranra Jalal4
...hest percent decrease of leafminer (71.92 %), followed by the combination of garlic bulb (A.sativum) + red chili (Capsicum spp.) (59.98 %), and tobacco dry leaves (N.tabacum) + Red chili (Capsicum spp.) (33.32 %). The plot treated with Chinaberry dry fruits (M.azedarach) caused the least amount of pod borer damage (10.10 %), followed by the combination garlic bulb (A.sativum) + red chili (Capsicum spp.) (13.63 %), while the control plot caused most of the pod ...
Dede Kardaya*, Ayu Ratnasari, Dewi Wahyuni
... of Garcinia atroviridis leaf meal (GALM) supplementation in fermented nonconventional diets on the percentage of spent layer duck carcasses. The study used a completely randomized design with three treatments, and 50 replicates. The treatments consisted of 50% rice bran and 50% aking (leftover rice) diets (R1), 0% GALM in the fermented nonconventional diets (R2), and 6% GALM in the fermented nonconventional diets (R3). The parameters were slaughter weight, ca...
Ishtiaq Ahmad1,2* and Muhammad Akbar Anjum1
... 22.29), however maximum leaf area was recorded in genotypes Kot Sultan (62.24 ± 2.14 cm2), the maximum time took to flower was observed in genotype 37032 (66.0 ± 2.50 days), while maximum time took to ripen fruit was observed in genotypes CKD 2204 (57.0 ± 2.00 days), the maximum relative leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD value) was measured in genotypes Zenia F1 (45.88 ± 0.92) and maximum number of ...
Asma Hassan*, Zuhair Hasnain, Muhmmad Asadullah, Syed Saqlain Hussain and Muhammad Abbas Anees
Khalid Khan1*, Mahmood-ul-Hassan2, Ihsan Ullah1, Haris Khurshid1, F.Y Saleem Marwat1, Salman Saleem1, M. Jehanzeb1 and Zubair Ahmad1
... ICSA220XICSR90, maximum leaf to stem ratios (0.02) was recorded for hybrid combinations ICSA233XICSR90, high stem weight (327g) was recorded for hybrid combination ICSA216XICSR-1, maximum days to 50% flowering (77) was recorded for hybrid combination ICSA88019XICSR93012,excellentcrop stand depicted by hybrid combinationICSA220XICSR55, maximum panicle length (25.23cm) was recorded for hybrids combinations ICSA254XICSR112, highest leaf<...
Sehrish Akram1, Abida Butt1* and Shakil Ahmad Khan2
...silkworm. For treatment, leaf-dipping method was used and toxicity calculated after 48h exposure to the treatment. Both chemicals showed high toxicity against all instars of silkworm. However, results indicated that imidacloprid was more toxic for silkworm larvae compared to lead. The acute toxicity of imidacloprid formulation (IMF), imidacloprid technical grade (IMT) and Pb showed positive correlation with the concentration and negative with the age of larvae...
Ashira Manzoor1, Imran Ahmad Khan1,2*, Muqadas Sadiq3, Muhammad Omer Iqbal4 and Shaukat Hussain Munawar5
...ential of hydroalcoholic leaf extract of Citrullus colocynthis against doxorubicin-induced myocardial ischemia in rats. Animals were divided into 5-groups each group consisting eight rats. Group-1 was given saline for 2 weeks and on 11th day DOX 18mg/kg was given intraperitoneally. Group-2, Group-3, Group-4 rats pre-treated orally with the leaf extract of C. colocynthis 250mg/kg, 500mg/kg, 750mg/kg respectively for 14 succes...
Sekobane Daniel Kolobe, Tlou Grace Manyelo*, Jones Wilfred Ng’ambi, Munyadziwa Felicia Dorcus Nemauluma, Emmanuel Malematja
... effect of Acacia karroo leaf meal (AKLM) inclusion in diets on growth performance and gut morphology of Ross 308 chickens from day-old to 6 weeks of age. 320-day-old Ross 308 broiler chicks were assigned to a 2 (sex) × 4 (dietary treatment levels) factorial arrangement in a CRD, having 8 treatments, replicated x4 with 10 chicks/replicate. AKLM inclusion levels were at 0, 0.5, 1.0 or 1.5g/kg dry matter (DM). Weekly feed intake (FI), live weight (LW), an...
Ahmad-ur-Rahman Saljoqi, Muhammad Tayeb and Muhammad Salim*
...ean populations of aphid leaf-1, cultivar Pakhtunkhwa-15 recorded the maximum mean number of aphids (5.48 leaf-1), while PS-13 recorded the minimum mean number of aphids (4.09) leaf-1. Data regarding the natural enemies showed that Khaista-17 had a maximum population of Ladybird beetle adults (1.00 plant-1), and Paseene-17 had a maximum population of syrphid fly larvae (0.84 plant-1), and ...
Ayesha Saeed1*, Farzana Kishwar2, Ahsan Nazir3, Sharjeel Abid4, Muhammad Abiodullah5, and Danial Ali6
...nofiber mask loaded with leaf extracts of MA and HRS as antibacterial agents in SA/PVA nanofibers through electrospinning method, which was just wet before its application. Leaf extracts were used at three concentration levels (0.5, 1, and 1.5 %). Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images confirmed the formation of optimized nanofibers with diameter range from ±49 to ±545 nm. It was observed that addition of
Tlou Grace Manyelo1,2, Nthabiseng Amenda Sebola1, Jones Wilfred Ng’ambi2, Monnye Mabelebele1*
...termine whether amaranth leaf meal supplementation could improve the performance, blood parameters, and gut morphology of indigenous Boschveld chickens. A total of 200 one-day-old indigenous Boschveld chicks were randomly allocated to five treatments in a completely randomized design each with four replicates of ten chicks. Amaranth leaf meal (ALM) levels evaluated in this study were 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20% with recording week...
Maize Yield Performance Under Planting Patterns and Row Spacing in Semi-Arid Zone of Pakistan-Mardan
Shakir Ali1, Zia Ul Haq1, Abdul Malik1, Tariq Mahmood Khalil1,2* and Ijaz Ahmad Khan3
... 50% seedling emergence, leaf area (LA) and plant height (PH) among the different planting patterns. In order to maximize maize yield, it is recommended that maize should be raised on flat pattern keeping row spacing 60 cm....
Shahid Iqbal1,2, Zulha Javed1, Mushtaq Hussain Zahid3, Qurat ul Ane Gillani4 and Furhan Iqbal1,*
...y elevated in P. pinnata leaf extract treated mice. Mice treated with E. camaldulensis leaf extract had significantly reduced white blood cells (P = 0.05), platelets (P = 0.05), alanine aminotransferase (P = 0.04) and significantly increased mean corpuscular hemoglobin levels (P = 0.04) as compared to control group. Our results indicated that both leaf extracts had tendency to disturb the ...
Faiq Ahmad1, Shahen Shah1*, Muhammad Amin2, Ikram Ullah3, Sajid Ali4, Maaz Khan1, Muhammad Shakur5 and Sajjad Khan6
...h before sowing. Maximum leaf area tiller-1 (118.9 cm2) and plant height (92.4 cm) were noted with addition of 120 kg N ha-1 applied as 50% from FYM and 50% from PM with beneficial microbes. Likewise, nitrogen sources application one month before sowing has increased leaf area tiller-1 (121.6 cm2) and plant height (91.3 cm). Therefore, it is recommended that 120 kg N ha-1 compensated as 50% each from FYM and PM with the comb...
Muhammad A. Ahmad1, Shabbir Hussain2*, Humera A. Awan3, Muhammad Riaz4 and Muhammad Saeed1
...in a significant rise of leaf development, stem growth and height of the wheat plants. The PGRs concentrations of 100ppm and 150ppm were proved to be most effective and possessed the momentous potential to increase the plant growth as well as yield of the wheat crop. It was concluded that the PGRs application reduces the economic cost of the farmer and also increases the nutritional value of wheat crop....
Antonius1,3, Anuraga Jayanegara2*, Komang Gede Wiryawan2, Simon Petrus Ginting3, Anjas Asmara Samsudin4, Elizabeth Wina5
... gambir (Uncaria gambir) leaf extract as a natural antioxidant source on goat performance and meat quality. A total of 18 Boerka goats (body weight of 21±2 kg) were divided randomly into three dietary treatments (six replicates each), specifically: T0 (basal diet without gambir supplementation), T1 (basal diet + 2 g/kg DM gambir extract), and T2 (basal diet + 4 g/kg DM gambir extract). Results revealed that addition of gambir extract did not alter the c...
Noor-us-Sabah1*, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Tayyab Boota1, Muhammad Luqman2, Ghulam Sarwar1, Amir Aziz1 and Ameer Hamza1
...ant stem diameter, total leaf chlorophyll contents, leaf are index (LAI), shoot and root dry weight, seed germination %, leaf P %, and leaf K %) significantly as compared to control. Similarly, soil chemical properties including organic matter (O.M %) contents, available and extractable concentration of P (ppm) and K (ppm) in soil also increased. Althoug...
Ifrah Amjad1, Muhammad Nouman Khalid1*, Muhammad Kashif1, Muhammad Noman1, Sajid Ali2, Rizwan Ahmed Shaikh3, Muhammad Babar4, Muhammad Asim Bhutta5 and Amna Bibi5
...eters under study except leaf area, number of productive tillers per plant and biological yield per plant which remain unaffected. Overall results revealed FR-13A only produced grains under submergence stress while under normal and drought conditions it did not produced grains. All Sub1 genotypes performed well under submergence stress. Swarna Sub1 significantly produced more primary branches per panicle (10.5), yield (5.13 g) and harvest index (13.09) under d...
Hafiz Husnain Nawaz1*, Ayesha Ahsan2, Amir Afzal1, Muhammad Ashraf Sumrah1, Muhammad Jan1, Kashif Ali1, Muhammad Arsalan1 and Rizwan Latif3
...nolic content of oil and leaf extracts. Bioactive components included in plant extracts, such as tocopherol, chlorophyll, carotenoids, phenolics, flavonoids, and other scavenging components, make them more potent. Thus, the 50µg/ml concentration plant extract solution has the lowest radical scavenging percentage, whereas the 1000µg/ml concentration plant extract solution has the highest DPPH percentage 80%. The results of the test reveal that the e...
Saima Rubab1,3*, Ghazala H Rizwani2, Arjumand Iqbal Durrani3, Iram Liaqat4*, Urooj Zafar5, Mahjabeen6, Farah Batool7, Noor-E- Seher3, Naveera Younas3 and Ayesha Sadiqa8
...d extract and methanolic leaf extract was evaluated for the comparative anti-inflammatory and analgesic potential using different parameters like licking - biting response, inflammation of hind paw and writhing effect. The results showed that different pharmacological activities were due to the presences of various phytochemicals like tannins, resin and flavonoids, observed maximally in ethanolic extract with minor quantity of alkaloids and glycosides. Fourier...
H. M. Hassan† and S. A. Ibrahim
...re tested against cotton leaf worm Spodoptera littoralis. All tested insecticides caused less mortality to the tested entomopathogenic nematodes. Magic smart significantly surpassed other insecticides causing the mortality of 11.6 and 13.8 % to the entomopathogenic nematodes S. carpocapsae and H. bacteriophora, respectively as compared to Coragen that caused slight mortality, 2.5 and 4.4%, respectively and did not differ significantly than the check. Nomolt an...
A. Beyan1, A. Seid†2 and H. Shifa1
...plications. At four true leaf stage, tomato seedlings were inoculated with the suspension of MJ at a rate of 3000 second-stage infective juveniles (J2) and 10 ml FOL suspension (1x106 spores per milliliter) per pot around the root rhizosphere one week after transplanting except the control which was not inoculated. The result revealed that concomitant inoculation of MJ and FOL (NF) followed by MJ first and FOL ten days after inoculation (N1F2) was found to be ...
A. Ghasemzadeh1, S. Jamali1†, M. Esfahani2 and H. Pedramfar1
...iently obtained. In four-leaf stage of the plant growth, the nematode inoculum levels were introduced, and photosynthetic parameters were evaluated at different times. The results showed that by increasing levels of nematode inoculum, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were highly affected. In general, the nematode-stressed plants under both light and dark conditions, amount of minimum and maximum fluorescence (F0 and Fm) and the difference between them (FV),...
M. M. A. Youssef1†, Wafaa M. A. El-Nagdi1, and Mona G. Dawood2
...yll b and carotenoids in leaf increased at untreated check compared to those at different
treatments.
...
Farwa Batool1*, Riaz ur Rehman1, Samia Ikram2 and Maham Zahara3
...binations of silt, sand, leaf compost, FYM, peat moss, sawdust and garden soil were used as (SGS) for the growth and quality of three selected foliage plants (A. commutatum, D. deremensis and A. elatiors). The plant response was observed through observing the plant height (cm), leaf length (cm), leaf area (cm), number of leaves (cm), stem diameter (mm) and survival (%). The pH, EC, potassi...
C. Azhagumurugan† and M.K. Rajan
...o evaluate the effect of leaf extract of magilam, Mimusops elengi on the root-knot
nematode, Meloidogyne incognita infecting the black gram, Vigna mungo with different inoculums levels (5, 10, 15,
20 and 25 egg-masses/plant) with different concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 ppm). The control and treated plants
were analyzed for various growth characteristics such as, root and shoot length, fresh and dry weight of root and<...
A. Khan†, S.S. Shaukat1, K.A. Khanzada and M.S. Khan2
...eem (Azadirachta indica) leaf powder and
marigold (Tagetes erecta) flower powder used alone and in combination with Fertinemakil. Untreated pots were
kept as control. Carbofuran a chemical nematicide was used for comparison. Subsequently after 8 weeks nematode
populations were studied. The results showed that amendments significantly influenced the nematode population
though the nemat...
C. Azhagumurugan and M.K. Rajan
...o evaluate the effect of leaf extract of Mimusops elengi on the root-knot nematode
Meloidogyne incognita infecting the black gram Vigna mungo with different inoculum levels of egg-masses (5, 10,
15, 20 and 25). Plants treated with the leaf extract of M. elengi at different concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25
ppm). The control and experimental plants were analyzed for various biochemical c...
N. Hajra
...div>number of leaves and leaf area were observed in non mycorrhizal and plant treated with other biotic and
abiotic stresses. Higher amount of proline was produced in non mycorrhizal and stressed plants in result of
reduced availability of water and dry matter translocation to the shoots. The proline contents of Luffa leaves
showed a vast difference in different treatments. It may be concluded here that proline is an indicat...
A.W. Amin† and A.W. Mona*
...d shoot plant height and leaf area,
when they were grown in soil infested by RKN compared to infested plant (check). In addition, RKN infestation
alone decreased the plant nematodes, in natural infested soil experiments in both seasons, data was non-significant.
Plant and fruit characteristics; cucumber yields (number of days to first flower, fruit characteristics (fruits weight,
length and diameter), total early...
Rukhsana Anwar1*, Ammara Abd-Us-Sattar1, Afifa Noor2, Kanwal Ashiq1,3 and Shah Jahan4
...ts. It is concluded that leaf extracts of C. oppositifolia showed significant interaction with drugs. This can modulate drug-metabolizing enzyme activity and reduce oxidative stress....
Ahmad Abrar Khan1*, Ghulam Qadar1, Asif Ali Abro2 and Muhammad Awais3
...le cutworm, whitefly and leaf miner have significant negative effects on per acre yield of tomato. Inappropriate and cultural practices, high dependency on agrovet dealers and fellow farmers were the key factors of yield losses. It is recommended to spray on the proper time along with follow-ups and physical control techniques. Selection of right time, control methods, appropriate insecticides/pesticides along-with recommended dose and treatments must be defin...
Muhammad Shakil Ahmad1, Muhammad Afzal1, Liu Yu Feng2, Muhammad Shahroaz Khan1 and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*
Raad Hamad Mahmood Al-Badrany1* and Aamer Mohsen Mahmood Al-Ma’thidy2
...ves (length and width of leaf blade, length and diameter of the leaf petiole, shape of the apex, base and margin of the leaf blade, number of lobes and colour of leaf bade), and fruit characteristics (length, diameter, size, ostiole diameter, peduncle length, fruit shape, and color). It was found that most of the leaf ...
Kainat Bibi1*, Sajjad Khan1, Zulfiqar Ali Gurmani1, Fahad Karim Awan1 and Sajid Ali2
... yield, grains yield and leaf area were recorded in inorganic treatments. Quality of organic produced wheat was comparatively better than inorganic wheat as more 13.67 % more crude protein and 2.41 % more crude fiber fat were recorded in organically grown wheat. Therefore, for high quality and environment safe production of wheat, organic fertilizer may be applied at recommended rates (compost 12 t ha-1, poultry manure 6 t ha-1 and farmyard manure (12.5 t ha-1...
Muhammad Afzal1,3*, Shafqat Saeed1, Hasan Riaz1, Muhammad Ishtiaq1, M. Habib ur Rahman2
...ield and quality. Cotton leaf curl virus (CLCuV) management is difficult due to multiple virulent strains and higher recombination rate that is a serious threat to the cotton crop of the last two decades in Pakistan. Alternate host plants belonged to vegetables, weeds, and mixed farming practices helped the evolution of new viral and whitefly species. The CLCuD develops resistant cultivars against CLCuV and screening of new host resistance forms. Applications ...
JAVERIA NEHAL1, ARIF MUHAMMAD KHAN1, AZHAR ABBAS KHAN*2, MUHAMMAD MUBIN3, HAFIZ MUHAMMAD TAHIR4 & JAVED IQBAL5
...region were surveyed and leaf samples showing typical symptoms of citrus canker were collected. Infected section of leaf was taken for isolation of bacteria. Lesions were cut into parts and streak bacteria by the help of inoculation loop grown in nutrient medium. Pure bacterial culture of Xanthomonas axonopodis were used for detection by standard PCR. Xanthomonas axonopodis was diagnosed by amplification of 16S rDNA. A fragm...
MUHAMMAD WAHEED MUSHTAQ1*, NAUMAN JAMIL KHAN1, NAVEED ASLAM DOGAR1, AISHA HAMEED2, ABDUL HAMEED2, MALIK ADIL2, HAROON IFTHIKHAR3 & SAIRA ISHAQ4
...n C (ascorbic acid) from leafy vegetables. So, concentration of Vit. C was measured spectrophotometrically by making a red color complex between 1, 10 Phenanthroline and Vit. C in the presence of ferric chloride (FeCl3). This colored product has maximum absorption at lambda max (λmax= 430 nm). Ascorbic acid was...
SYED ALI RAZA1, MUHAMMAD WASEEM MUMTAZ2*, AYOUB RASHID CH1, ABDUL WAHEED1, JAMES WILLIAM3 & MUHAMMAD ARSHAD1
...different hydroethanolic leaf extracts of Conocarpus lancifolius. Freeze drying assisted ultra-sonication was adopted for extract preparation. The results showed that highest total antioxidant power of 291 ± 0.50 mg ASE/g DE was exhibited by 60% ethanolic extract which was slightly lower than antioxidant power of BHA (309.16 ± 3.90 mg ASE/g DE). The β-carotene bleaching inhibition of 87.44 ± 1.20% was computed for 60% ethanolic...
Ahmed Ali Chandio1, Asghar Ali Kamboh1*, Nazar Ali Korejo2, Riaz Ahmed Leghari3 and Muhammad Ali Chandio4
...1, 1.5 and 2% P. pinnata leaf powder (PPLP) in basal diet respectively. The experimental groups were observed for the performance parameters, antibody titer against Newcastle disease virus (NDV), relative weight of lymphoid organs (bursa, spleen and thymus) and enumeration of gut microflora. Results showed that PPLP improved (P < 0.05) production performance, final body weight, carcass weight and relative weight of lymphoid organs. Anti-NDV titer was improv...
Usama Saleem1, Muhammad Asrar1*, Dilbar Hussain2, Saddam Hussain1, Abdul Ghaffar2, Hassan Usman1, Muhammad Imran1, Mubshar Saleem3 and Maryam Hamid1
...% by Neem and Eucalyptus leaf extract followed by 72 hours 72.29% and 71.69%, 48 hours 63.35% and 62.45% and 24 hours 48.91% and 48.68% respectively. Among the botanical extracts, Neem leaf extract was more effective as compared to the Eucalyptus leaf extract and a significant difference between the treated and control plot was recorded. Carbosulfan and Imidacloprid showed 76.80% and 75.62...
E. K. Allam.1; B. A. Othman.1; Hayam S. Abdelkader2; and Noher A. Mahmoud2
...: justify;">Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) was isolated from symptomatic grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) leaf samples obtained from El Kalubia Governorate. Three out or 25 samples were positive for GFLV by DAS-ELISA using specific polyclonal antibodies raised against purified GFLV preparation and five samples were positive by RT-PCR. RT-PCR detected GFLV in both fresh and dried tissues. A fragment (321 bp) of the coat protein ...
S.A. El-Kewey1; R.A. Omar1; S.A. Sidaros2 and Samaa Abd El-Khalik3
... severity. Plant height, leaf area. fresh and dry weight of bulb decreased significantly with the increasing of severity symptoms on garlic plants of both cultivars. The electron microscope preparations of crude sap extracted from naturally infected garlic plants and negatively stained with 2% PTA showed flexuous rod-shaped particles 657-714 nm long. Biological relationships between the virus and insect vectors were studied....
Salwa N. Zeinl and Hanaa S. Zawam2
...ustify;">Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV) isolated from apple trees was successfully transmitted by dagger nematodes (Xiphinema spp) It was transmitted to bait plants grown in soil containing Xiphinema spp. nematodes, The virus was identified according to host range, mode of transmission, particle morphology, serological tests, and SDS-Polyacrylamide gels. Purification of ACLSV was performed using bentonite/polyethylene glycol. Electron micrograph of pu...
Muhammad Afzal Naeem1*, Muhammad Hassaan Khan2, Tahmina Nazish3, Uzma Bashir4 and Midrarullah5
...extracts of G. hirsutum, leaf extract were found to impart maximum inhibitory effect on the germination indices of the wheat (T. aestivum) followed by the stem extracts, as the highest concentration of ACWE (i.e. 100%) caused the reduction of 45.65, 54.55, 50.9, 61.6, 5.3 and 9.4 % in germination percentage, germination energy, germination index, vigour index, germination coefficient velocity and relative percentage of wheat, respectively, compared to the cont...
Anwar ul Haq1, Maqsooda Parveen2, Shehzadi Saima3* and Khalid Masood Ahmad1*
...h were filled with silt, leaf mould and well rotten farmyard manure (1:1:1). Three cuttings in each pot and a total of 45 cuttings were planted. Cuttings of each treatment were dipped for 3 minutes in respective solution before planting. Uprooting was done after 60 days of plantation the cuttings. NAA with 100 mg/L proved best treatments that produced maximum root length, number of roots, dry and fresh weights of roots, number of sprouted buds, number of leave...
Mahpara Fida Ahmed1, Abdul Hanan2* and Sher Ahmed2
...(95.33 %) with a maximum leaf height (25.32 cm), higher number of leaves/plant (7.26) and higher number of daughter corms (6.33). However, the saffron stigma fresh and dry weight produced by large corms was recorded as 0.0354 and 0.0075g, respectively. Further results indicated no significant differences among the parameters recorded for the row to row and plant to plant spacing experiment except for total flower production where the highest production (162.3)...
Muhammad Zahid Rashid1, Amina1*, Hafiz Wasif Javaad2, Muhammad Asim Rashid3 and Amina Rashid3
... survived, plant height, leaf area, suckers evolved and other parameters were noted for better yield and quality of date palm for purpose of chance seedlings development. This research experiment was arranged at Progeny orchard of Horticultural Research Institute, Faisalabad during the year 2019-2021.The research was designed according to Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with eighteen treatments having four replicates. The documented data was statisti...
Imtiaz Khan1*, Bashir Ahmad1, Ahmad ur Rahman Saljoqi1, Shah Alam Khan1, Javed Khan3 and Muhammad Azim Khan2
... The correlation between leaf length and leaf width with P. perpusilla (eggs clusters and nymphs/adults) was significantly positive, the correlation of P. perpusilla (eggs clusters and nymphs/adults) with cane length was non-significant but positive while negative non-significant correlation was found between P. perpusilla (eggs clusters and nymphs/adults) population and cane diameter. The population of P. perpusilla on suga...
Aqleem Abbas1, Mustansar Mubeen2, Waqar Younus1, Qaiser Shakeel3, Yasir Iftikhar2*, Sonum Bashir2, Muhammad Ahmad Zeshan2 and Azhar Hussain1
...ght, late blight, potato leaf roll virus, potato virus Y, grey mold, mildew, crown gall disease, gummosis disease, and nematodes and pests such as insect pests, i.e., fruit fly, armyworms, apple wooly aphids, aphids, mealy bug, scales and whiteflies, and parasitic weeds are considerably affecting GB crops. These diseases and pests can jeopardize GB’s food supply if not monitored regularly. The consequences of these biotic agents range from minor symptoms...
Guo-Hai Wang1,2,3, Chuang-Bin Tang1, Yuan-Xin Yang1, Yan-Ling Huang1, Wei-Ning Tan4, Qi-Hai Zhou3* and Chang-Hu Lu2*
... generally accepted that leaf litter covering plant seeds may be beneficial for seed survival, but it is unclear whether leaf litter contributes to the survival of Kmeria septentrionalis seeds in karst habitat. Herein, we investigated the seed removal of K. septentrionalis by rodents at different locations (beneath and away from the mother tree) using two treatments (leaf litter coverage a...
Amr N. El-Shahat1*, A.M. Abdul Azeem1 and Mohamed H.M. Abd el Megid2
...fy;">Laurus nobilis (Bay leaf) has been shown to possess various biological activities such as antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory activity and prevention of cardiovascular diseases. The present study aims to investigate the effectiveness of bay leaf extract (BLE) in protection against high cholesterol diet (HCD) induced hypercholesterolemia. About thirteen compounds of essential oils were identified by GC/MS analysis in...
Monis Hussain Shah1*, Riaz Ur Rehman2, Riaz Ali Shah1, Farwa Batool3, Rizwan Rafique4, Muhammad Usman5, Sajida Bibi6, Sadia Yasin7 and Samida Qamar8
... germination percentage, leaf width (cm), leaf length (cm), scape length (cm), flower size (mm), primary color of the flower, secondary color of flower, no. of large, medium and small size of bulbs and number of bulbs harvested. The bulbs were harvested and stored at 5±2oC (In Refrigerator). The morphological attributes of plants were observed better in cv. Antarctica and Oxford. The research was repeated during the s...
Eliseo Pelagio Fernández Ruelas1, Ali William Canaza-Cayo2,3*, Francisco Halley Rodriguez Huanca1, Uri Harold Perez Guerra1, Roxana Churata-Huacani3, Tales Jesus Fernandes3, Ysabel Mendoza Aguilar1
...ence of Moringa oleifera leaf (MOL) meal on productive parameters and egg quality characteristics of Hy Line Brown laying hens. Laying hens were offered 0%, 2.5% or 4.5% MOL supplemented feeds, using a completely randomized design with three treatments and 12 replications with five hens each. Laying hens were randomly divided into three groups: Control: no addition of Moringa oleifera leaves, MOL2.5: diets with 2.5% MOL; and MOL4.5: diets with 4.5% MOL. The re...
Altaf Ur Rahman1, Muhammad Ajmal Khan2*, Ali Hazrat3, Awais Farid4, Muhammad Yahya3* and Inam Ullah5
...ectiveness of methanolic leaf extract of C. jacquemontii in traditional medicine and may be investigated further for mode of action on molecular basis....
Abdur Rauf1*, Muhammad Jawad1, Farooq Jan1, Muhammad Qayash2, Muhammad Yasin4, Samrin Gul5, Wisal Khan3, Ikramullah Khan1, Farkhanda Bibi1, Wajid Khan6, Tanweer Kumar6, Muhammad Arif6 and Khilwat Afridi7
...rval, plant height, flag leaf area, tillers m-2, spike length, spikelet spike-1, grain spike-1, thousand grain weight, grain yield and biological yield across three planting dates i.e., early, normal, and late respectively. Differences between wheat genotypes and genotype-environment interaction were also highly significant (P≥ 0.01) for studied traits, indicating that genotypes performed differently in three sowing times. Under early, normal and late plant...
Shujaullah Khan1, Zahid Hussain1*, Haroon Khan1 and Omer Suha Uslu2
...@ 500 ml ha-1 as a broad leaf weeds killer, Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl 6.9% EW (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl) as a grassy weeds killer applied @ 500 ml ha-1, and Cleaner 6% OD (florasulam 2%+mesosulfuron methyl 4%) as a broad-spectrum herbicide @ 102 ml ha-1. The fourth was an AI treatment (robotic weeding), along with a hand weeding (HW) and a weedy check (WC) treatments. The treatments had a significant effect on the performance of wheat crop and also on the weed control. The...
Abdur Rauf1*, Muhammad Sadiq1, Farooq Jan1, Muhammad Qayash2, Wisal Khan3, Ikramullah Khan1, Khilwat Afridi4, Muhammad Shuaib5, Muhammad Khalid6 and Samrin Gul7
...ng days to heading, flag leaf area, plant height, tillers per plant, spike length, spikelets per spike, grain yield per plant, biological yield per plant, and 1000-grain weight. The analysis of variance showed significant differences for all the mentioned parameters (P ≤ 0.05). In local germplasms, all parameters revealed significant results excluding the 1000-grain weight, while the exotic germplasms also showed significant genetic variation except spikele...
Vui Van Nguyen1, Samorn Ponchunchoovong2, Sajeera Kupittayanant3, Pakanit Kupittayanant2*
Zia Gul1, Muhammad Sajid1, Muhammad Noman Khan1*, Faheem ul Haq1, Zohra Nawaz1, Muhammad Bakhtiar2, Sajid Siddique1, Komal Aslam3 and Muhammad Irshad1
... plant height (34.5 cm), leaf length (36.8cm), leaf area (173.5 cm2), leaf breadth (4.0 cm), leaf thickness (3.1 cm) leaf weight (181.3 g), number of suckers (5.5) plant-1, amount of gel (149.3 g) leaf-1, and survival percentage (80.8) was recorded when plants were irrigated at 15 da...
Akbar Hayat1*, Muhammad Asim1*, Tehseen Ashraf2, Ehsan-Ul-Haque1, Rabia Zulifqar2, Maryam Nasir3, Ahmed Raza1, Fahim Khadija1, Sohaib Afzal1 and Shafqat Ali1
...t length, root diameter, leaf area and chlorophyll contents. The results from this study indicated that in term of stem thickness(2.98mm), more no. of leaves (15), root fresh weight (1.39g), root length (25.5 cm), No. of branches (4) root diameter (4.47 mm) and maximum chlorophyll contents were observed in T1. Overall various potting media concentrations significantly influenced all the growth parameters of rough lemon citrus rootstock. The growing substances ...
Vui Van Nguyen1, Samorn Ponchunchoovong2, Sajeera Kupittayanant3, Pakanit Kupittayanant2*
...ge of Ocimum gratissimum leaf essential oils in a manner that depends on the concentration. The most favorable outcomes were observed when using a maximum essential oil concentration of 100 µg/ml. ...
Ertika Fitri Lisnanti1,4, Widya Paramita Lokapirnasari2*, Eka Pramyrtha Hestianah3, Mohammad Anam Al Arif2, Zein Ahmad Baihaqi4,5
...sp;...
Elihasridas, Mardiati Zain*, Roni Pazla, Simel Sowmen, Qurrata Aini
...ste, T1= T0 + 5% cassava leaf, T2= T1 +0.4% mineral phosphorus, T3= T1 +100 ppm mineral zinc, and T4= T1 + 0.4% mineral phosphorus and 100 ppm mineral zinc. The degradation of various components such as dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, cellulose, and hemicelluloses in the ammoniated aromatic lemongrass waste samples was evaluated by incubating them on in-vitro media at 39ºC/48 h. The analysis of v...
Ramanathan Baluchamy* and Gnanamani Radhakrishnan
...ncreases the quantity of leaf litter which supports the life of millipedes. Millipedes play an essential role in enhancing the fertility of soil and ecosystem functioning in this tropical dry deciduous forest of Alagar hill (Eastern Ghats), South India. In forest ecosystem, conservation of millipede is an essential step to improve the fertility of soil and maintaining the forest ecosystem....
Muhammad Noman Khan* and Ghulam Nabi
... effective in increasing leaf chlorophyll content (46.47 mg g-1 FW), leaf area shoot-1 (135.29 cm2), fruit weight (85.64 g) number of fruits tree-1 (808.75) and fruit yield tree-1 (69.48 kg). Potassium sulfate application decreased days to full bloom (33.58). Whereas the application of potassium sources on 17th March significantly increased leaf chlorophyll content (44.31 mg g-1 FW),
Arshad Khan, Mohammad Ihsan, Maryam Bibi, Gul Rahim, Fazl Ullah, Komail Khan and Ali Hazrat*
...25 cm and maximum 32 cm, leaf length in control and treated, the mean value was 21.50, standard error 1.74, coefficient of variance was 33.45, range from Minimum8.00cm and maximum 32 cm, leaf width incase control and with salt treated mean value was 0.37, with standard error 0.02, coefficient of variance was 0.00, range from minimum 0.30cm and maximum 0.50, respectively. All varieties were compared under different salt stres...
Abdullah Naser1*, Nirwana1, Sri Wulan1, Zaenal1, Mustafa1, Effendy2
... stalls with either palm leaf roofs or galvanized iron roofs. This study used a 2 x 5 split plot pattern randomized block design and was replicated three times. Livestock was grouped based on body weight. The main plots are two types of stable roofs (palm leaf roof and galvanized iron roof). The subplots were five levels of soybean meal being substituted with fermented kapok seeds, namely: R1: 100% Soybean Meal, R2: 75% Soyb...
Muhammad Hussain1, Yasir Ali2*, Baber Iqbal1, Muhammad Azhar Iqbal1, Salman Ahmad3, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed4, Hafiz Muhammad Aatif2, Muhammad Saeed1 and Muhammad Jawad Yousaf1
...of 21 stripe (Yr) and 36 leaf rust (Lr) lines were grown in the Research Area of Plant Pathology Research Institute during the same cropping seasons. A total of 11 Genotypes viz., Ass-11, V-13266, V-11C023, V-12266, V-08203, V-12001, V-13001, Gandam-II, V-13270, V-13273 and AARI-11 indicated resistant (R) response against stripe rust of wheat with a lower area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) values ranged from 68-102. In comparison, seven genotypes, inclu...
Yasir Ali1, Muhammad Shahbaz2, Hafiz Muhammad Aatif1-2, Salman Ahmad3*, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed4, Saqib Saeed2, Mohsin Iqbal1, Mozam Ejaz1 and Saima Naseer5
...ha for the management of leaf rust of wheat in Research Area of Plant Pathology, Hafiz Abad Research Station, B.Z.U. Bahadar Sub-Campus, Layyah, during crop seasons 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Statistically significant (P<0.05) disease control was observed by Propiconazole (29.30 %) in the first crop season 2018-2019 and 28.50% in the second crop season 2019-2020, followed by Polyram DF (27.60%...
Sajida Batool, Iqra Ashraf, Shafaat Yar Khan, Sitara Shameem* and Breha Kazmi
...nt study, the methanolic leaf extract of C. procera was investigated for its immunomodulatory potential in vitro using T-lymphocytes. Phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) st https://researcherslinks.com/journals imulated T-lymphocytes were treated with extract of C. procera (1, 2, and 4 µg/mL) for 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 h. Levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-8) were measured after 8, 12, and 24 h while levels of anti-inflammatory cytok...
Amistu KU1,2*, Monahan FJ2, Wims P2, Yonatan KY1 , Fahey AG2, Takele TA3
...sh maize (87.7%), coffee leaf boiled together with water (44.4%), haricot bean (40.5%), cassava root (28.8%), mixed concentrates (21.6%), enset root (14.7%), and local brewery by-product (9.8%) as supplementary feed. The mean age of cattle when fattening began is 5.32±.08 years and fattening duration will take around 3.48±.05 months. Farmers fatten about 1.88±.05 cattle/fattening season and 1.74±.03 times /year. Decisions for finish...
Shaista Ilyas1, Safdar Ali1, Amer Habib1, Misbah Ali1,2, Muhammad Ahmad Zeshan3*, Yasir Iftikhar3, Muhammad Usman Ghani4,5 and Muhammad Umair1
...to manage the Cercospora leaf spot diseases by using different chemicals by foliar spray using 0.05g of boric acid, ZnSO4, MgSO4, and a combination of all these. The in-vivo experiment was carried out in the open field using randomized complete block design (RCBD). Effects of different chemicals on disease management were examined statistically by using Tukey’s honestly significant difference (HSD) test at 5% level of significance. The most effective tre...
Rahamdad Khan1, Saad Muhammad2, Muhammad Haroon3, Saad Jan1 and Syed Majid Rasheed1*
..., biomass, plant height, leaf area, and number of branches) was all reduced. In addition, with increasing light duration (9 hours), both species grew faster and recorded their maximum biomass plant height, leaf area, and number of branches. Both weed species grown under reduced light duration could not reach maturity and complete their life cycles. P. hysterophorus has the potential to grow quickly and replace C. sativa unde...
Khwaja Junaid and Shah Alam Khan
...lign: justify;">The rice leaf folder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Gueee (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), is major leaf feeding pest of rice, Oryza sativa L. (Poaceae), and is widely distributed throughout the rice producing countries in Asian, causing considerable yield losses. Cultivation of susceptible rice varieties is among the major reasons of insect pest outbreak. Contrary, growing resistant rice varieties plays a key role in ke...
Mahmoud Mohamed Ahmed Youssef and Wafaa Mohamed Abd - El-Hameed El-Nagdi
...d 84.0% caused by mashed leaf and flower residues on cowpea at their highest rate (10g), respectively followed by other rates. In addition, the maximum percentages of nematode reductions, 78.2 and 86.1%, occurred at the highest concentration (10%) from the respective mashed leaf and flower extracts. Number of galls was reduced coinciding with the increasing the tested rates or concentrations. Consequently, plant growth and y...
Fariha Qahar and Muhammad Sayyar Khan*
...H2O2stress,30-60% of the leaf area turned necrotic in the single overexpression lines compared to 95% damage in the wild-type plants. Whereas, the least amount of damage (10-20%) was observed in the double overexpression lines. When subjected to 24 µM metolachlor, the wild-type leaf discs were fully necrotic, whereas the single overexpression lines exhibited 20-60%, and the double overexpression lines showed only 15-20...
Azam Khurshid1*, Jawad Sarwar1, Kamran Sohail1, Hafiz Muhammad Faisal Ayub2, Farooq Muhammad1, Fida Muhammad Khan3 and Adnan Ihsan1
....20) followed by (bakain leaf extract + neem seed extract) (3.67 and 2.74) and the maximum number of whitefly plant-1 were recorded in control (5.60 and 5.38). Similarly minimum number of jassid plant-1 after 1st and 2nd spray application was observed in plots treated with lambda-cyhalothrin (3.45 and 2.47), followed by bakain leaf extract + neem seed extract (4.13 and 3.16) and maximum number of jassid plant-1 was recorded ...
Fariha Javaid1*, Zahoor Qadir Samra1, Madeeha Shahzad Lodhi1,2, Aroosha Hussain1 and Gulnaz Pervaiz1
...from the stem, peel, and leaf parts of Ananas comosus. Protease accounts for 60% of the total enzyme market. Being a plant-based cysteine protease, it has various pharmaceutical and biotechnological applications. The isolation and purification cost of the enzyme is highest, so there is a need to develop cost-effective purification methods. This research work aims to purify BRM by using magnetic nanoparticles. After purification, BRM enzyme was characterized an...
Getulio A. Barcenas Jr.1* and Luisa Marie I. Barcenas2
...the cotyledonary and two-leaf stages. The study was laid out in a split-plot randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Results showed significant differences in plant responses wherein the application of GA3 resulted in the longest vine length at the two-leaf stage (3.24 m) and enhanced the staminate flower production. Ethrel enhanced pistillate flower tendency and improves yield when applied at cotyledon stage. ...
...a in cytoplasm of lentil leaf cells infected with PMoV. Effect of environmental factors and populations of insects on virus infection.
...
Salma Sharif1, Rana Arsalan Javaid2*, Abid Majeed2, Muhammad Shahzad Ahmed2, Qurat ul Ain Sani2, Faiza Siddique2, Muhammad Arshad3 and Niaz Ali1
...rs, panicle length, flag leaf area, leaf length, culm length, culm diameter, number of grains per panicle, grain length, grain diameter, chlorophyll content, net differential vegetation index, thousand grain weight and grain yield. The overall mean for Grain yield ranged from 1.71 tons/ha to 6.18 tons/ha. Grand mean of all genotypes for Grain yield was 4.1 tons/ha. Maximum Grain yield was observed in GSR 11 followed by GSR 1...
Sona Salem El-Nwehy1*, Assem Abbas Mohammed El-Naggar2 and Adel Badr El-Nasharty1
...in the following traits: leaf area, Days to first floret opening, Fresh weight of florets/spik, new corm diameter, new corm fresh weight, chlorophyll and the content of N, P, K, Fe, Mn, and Zn in leaves. It was concluded that using 2% EM1 in combination with either 75 percent or 100 percent NPK significantly improved yield and growth, as well as improved quality, because of increasing bio-N, P, and K production and saving one-fourth of the amount of chemical f...
Shiferaw Demissie Tola1, Diriba Muleta2, Fassil Assefa2 and Beira Hailu Meressa1*
...(g soil)-1) recorded for leaf number, while the relative minimum yield (m) of 0.91 and 0. 86 were the highest m values for root length and shoot height, respectively. Furthermore, the maximum multiplication rate (a) and population densities (M) were estimated as 8813.2 and 3420.1 (eggs and J2 (g soil)–1), respectively. Therefore, evaluating hot pepper varieties for resistance using a wide range of Pi could generate more reliable information on the host s...
Wisit Ketpanyapong1, Kulisara Marupanthorn2*
...pact of Moringa oleifera leaf extract (MOLE) supplementation on blood parameters, serum antioxidant status, and sperm quality in 24 Duroc boars at 1.0-1.5 years. The boars were randomly divided into four groups of three replicates each and their feed was supplemented with MOLE at concentrations of 0, 10, 50, and 250 mg/kg body weight (BW). Supplementing Duroc boras with MOLE increased leukocyte, erythrocyte, and hemoglobin levels, and significantly influenced ...
I Nyoman Sumerta Miwada1*, I Nyoman Sutarpa Sutama1, Agus Susilo2
...e resulting from Moringa leaf extract fortification. Moringa leaf extract was fortified in the five treatment groups, 1000 ml each with different concentrations, namely 0% (P0); 2% (P1); 4%(P2); 6%(P3) and 8%(P4). The research method used one-way analysis of diversity (at p<0.05) and continued with the Duncan test using the SPSS version 25 system. The results showed that increasing the level of Moringa
Muhammad Mukhtar*, Syamsul Bahri, Syahruddin
...t, dry matter weight and leaf blade percentage and (3) nitrogen uptake. The results showed that the treatment had a very significant effect (P<0.01) on growth and biomass production, and a significant effect (P<0.05) on nitrogen uptake. The highest yield for plant height growth reached 446 cm and the growth of tiller number reached 39 tillers. The highest yield in the production of fresh matter weight was 40 kg/m2 and dry matter weight was 688.2 gr/m2. T...
Imtiaz Khan1*, Abdullah1, Muhammad Ibrahim1, Muhammad Ishfaq Khan1, Saima Hashim1, Shomayela Afzal2 and Khalid Nawab3
...es and branches plant-1, leaf area index (LAI), number of pods plant-1, number of grains pod-1, 500 seed weight (g), biological yield (kgha-1), grain yield (kgha-1) and cost benefit ratio (%).The data analysis revealed that the herbicide Pendimethalin showed the lowest A. tenuifolius Cav. density (6.10 m-2), fresh weight (1.30 kgm-2) and dry weight (0.43 kgm-2) , while the control plots had the highest density, fresh weight and dry weight of A. tenuifolius Cav...
Hafiza Mehwish Iqbal1, Salman Khurshid1*, Saqib Arif1, Qurrat-ul-Ain Akbar1, Saba Iqbal2, Shahid Yousaf3, Kainat Qureshi1, Abdul Karim Khan5, Abdul Ahad6, Aqeel Ahmed Siddique4 and Neelofar Hamid7
Abdul Hayee Gabol1, Arfan Ahmed Gilal1*, Lubna Bashir Rajput1, Jamal-U-Ddin Hajano2, Muhammad Ishaque Mastoi3, Ghulam Qader Mangrio1 and Jam Ghulam Mustafa Sahito4
...-align: justify;">Tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta has emerged as a serious oligophagous pest of tomatoes and other allied vegetables. It has recently been reported from Sindh, Pakistan, where studies on its biology and management are lacking. Therefore, studies were conducted to determine the relative resistance of widely grown hybrid (Rota F1, Early King, G1612, NAGA F1 and T-1057) and local tomato varieties (Desi Local and Shimlo) of Sindh, Pakistan against ...
Sabi Ur Rehman1*, Laiba Arshad1, Saman Ali1, Shazma Massey2, Safeer Khan3, Abdul Samad4 and Fazal-Ur-Rehman5
...using Sarcococca saligna leaf extracts to successfully produce both silver and gold nanoparticles. The formation and stability of the nanoparticles were verified through a change in physical colour and characterized using Ultraviolet-Visible spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy. Antibacterial and antifungal activity assessments revealed moderate efficacy against Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, comparable to Amoxicillin an...
Muhammad Farooq Bhatti1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1*, Aamir Ali1, Hooria Ashraf Khan1, Rabia Fajar Ali2, Ayesha Muzamil1, Fariha Munir3, Fatima Ijaz1, Rizwan Khurshid3
...also showed an increased leaf consumption rate with an increase in the number of meals (6) per day. Moreover, a significant increase in biological traits including average larval weight (0.979±0.038) and ratio silk gland to body weight (27.386 % ±0.843) was also observed in this group as compared to other groups. The economic traits including cocoon length and width as well as fibroin content of larvae of the Chinese race were significantly highe...
Danish Kamal2, Muhammad Abbass Khan1, Ghulam Mujtaba-Shah1, Naveed Ahmed1, Maryam Iqbal¹, Basharat Hussain Shah1 and Imtiaz Ahmed1*
...number of leaves plant-1 leaf length, leaf width, leaf type, leaf apex, leaf base, leaf shape, distance between nodes, pedicel length, flower colour, and flower diameter. Tea samples were analyzed for anatomical parameters such as epidermis cells, mesophyll cells and epidermal anatom...
Sidra Hafeez1, Tayyaba Sanaullah2, Hafsa Naeem3, Mah Noor Hassan4, Muttalib5, Farhana Kausar6, Muhammad Salman Hameed7*, Muhammad Anayat Ullah8, Abdul Samad9, Memoona Bashir10 and Sadaf Shabbir11
...n. We collected infected leaf from C. pepp from the vicinity of The University of Agriculture, Faisalabad and isolated D. bryoniae on the respective media. Then morphologically identification was observed through fungal growth pattern, growth color, spores shape, spores color, hyphal septation. For the confirmation of Koch’s postulates, the pathogenicity test was performed. CTAB method and Internal Transcribed Spacer region were applied to isolate and am...
Jinwen Liu, Hong Li, Jinhua Zhang, Jianping Li and Xiujuan Yan*
...e aphid that feed on the leaf were chosen as research objects. Four groups were set based on field investigation, including aphid with grub (A & G), aphid (A), grub (G) and blank control (C) groups, and the effects on the host plant corn (Zea mays L.) was investigated. One-way ANOVA and Pearson analysis was performed to process the data. The results showed that, the interactions between above- and below-ground herbivores had a negative effect on corn. Belo...
Hanaa H.A. Gomaa1*, Dalia Y.A. Amin1, Mona A. Ismail1, Basma Hamdy2, Khaled A. El-Dougdoug3
...eaves. The shoot length, leaf area, fresh and dry weight were determined. Biochemical markers as indicators for systemic acquired resistance; total proteins, salicylic acid, phenol, proline, oxidative enzyme activities (polyphenol oxidase and superoxide dismutase) and virological assessments were assayed. Reduction in the disease severity of treated foliar ChNPs and BM fig plants was recorded. Systemic acquired resistance was detected related to Chlorophyll a ...
Abdul Aleem Memon1*, Inayatullah Rajpar2, Ghulam Murtaza Jamro2, Javaid Ahmed Shah3
... K content in shoots and leaf chlorophyll concentration. The shoot K content was increased by 31.14% with SoP and 13.92% with MoP, and chlorophyll concentration by 24.52% with SoP, and 12.06% with MoP compared with the control. The findings concluded that under calcareous soil conditions, K fertilization either in the form of SoP or MoP could more effectively promote sunflower seedling growth....
Mohga A. El-Tahlawey1, Samah. A. Mokbel1, A.M. Mandour1,and H. A. Mohamed2
...a in cytoplasm of lentil leaf cells infected with PMoV. Effect of environmental factors and populations of insects on virus infection revealed a positive relationship was recorded between Insect incidence and percentage of virus infection during 2007 and 2009, meanwhile the temperature and relative humidity were lower in Behera than Fayoum. the percentage of virus infection was higher.
...
Khalid Alhudaib
...pearance. A total of 166 leaf samples (65 Apricots and 101 Peach) were collected and transferred to the Lab. to be analyzed for the causal virus. Double antibody sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) was performed using the commercially available for PNRSV. Result showed that 30 (11 Apricot and 19 Peach) out of 166 leaf samples were infected with PNRSV. Total RNA, from the same samples used in ELISA test, wa...
Rizk, Sonia A.; El-garf, Eman M. and Talaat, Abeer A.
...s effect of Ginseng Stem-leaf Saponins (GSLS) on the immune response of gel adjuvanted Bivalent Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) vaccinated calves. This study conducted in two calve groups; goup (A) vaccinated subcutaneously with bivalent Alhydragel adjuvanted (30) % FMD vaccine, while group (B) vaccinated subcutanously with bivalent FMD vaccine adjuvanted with both Alhydragel and GSLS (10 mg/dose). The humeral and cellular immunoresponses were monitored in differ...
Bakr3 *, Youssef M.; Nour El-Din3, Hanan A.; Abd EL-Wahed2, Waiel F. and Hemeidal , Aläa A.
...btained models to Potato leaf roll virus (PLRV) as a case study using Epitopes Model Applier Software (EMAS) which was developed as open source software and released under general public license (GPL) to predict immunogenic peptides suitable for antibodies production. The thirty amino acids peptide which start from position 163 to position 192 got high score and match the previous laboratory studies which make it one of the best candidates to be immunogenic an...
El-Dougdoug2, Kh.A; Ghalyl, M.F. and Tahal , M.A.
...ally inoculated onto one leaf, the other non-treated leaf was CMV inoculated after 7 days of treatment. In 1 st experiment, CF treatment was able to considerably reduced the number of local lesion and in 2nd experiment, plants treated with CF showed variable visible viral symptom9compared with the broth media treated control 15 days post inoculation and remained symptom less throughout the study period. Such five Streptomyce...
Wisit Ketpanyapong1, Kulisara Marupanthorn2*
...;...
Nasr-Eldin1 , M. A.; El-Dougdoug2, K. A.; Othman2, B. Ahmedi , Sabah A, and Abdcl-Azizl , S. Il.
...ted with PSTVd producing leaf curl and epinasty.
...
Khamiss l , Omaima; El Helaly , Alexandra and Abol Ela 3, Said
...from the Egyptian cotton leaf worm ( Spodoptera littoralis ) originated from the insect ovaries tissues was established, cloned and maintained as contentious cell line. Nine serial dilutions of Polyethylene glycol (PEG) were prepared from mother suspension (18.2g PEGS" in 100 ml double distilled de-ionized water) started fromlO 1-109. Each concentration was prepared to treat five replicates of C35 cell dish. Treated cells were observed daily and counted 5...
Muhammad Ramzan1*, Unsar Naeem-Ullah2, Shafia Saba2, Madiha Mobeen Khan3, Naeem Arshad Maan3, Asad-ur-Rehman4, Mahreen Khalid5, Syed Waqar Hussain Shah6 and Wardah Muzaffar7
El.-Kadyl, M.A.S; Badr2, A.B.; zein3, Saiwa N. and Khalifa4, M.A.A.
... virus was 3.35 mg/100 g leaf tissues. Electron micrographs of the purified virus preparation revealed the presence of filamentous flexuous virus particles about 730-745nm long. Antiserum obtained after the second bleeding was 1/1024. The optimum concentrations of IgG and IgG conjugate were 1.0g/ml and 1/1000, respectively.The antigen dilution end point was 1/800. Ribavirin had a higher inhibitory effect (80%) when sprayed at lower concentration (the minimum i...
Alhudaib, Khalid
...ant mosaic diseases (Fig leaf mottle-associated virus, Fig mosaic virus). The main symptoms are chlorotic mottling, blotching and various types of leaf deformation. Samples were collected, with consideration of the economically importance and distribution of the cultivars, from different areas of Hofuf Saudi Arabia. Each sample was consisted of 10-15 leaves. Samples were labelled and stored in plastic bags at 40C; then trans...
*El-Helaly, Sahar H.; ** Ahmed, Amal A.; * Awad, M.A. and ** Soliman, A.M.'
Ahmed, Amal A. and Fath-Allah, Mervat M.
...v. ElAmar) trees showing leaf mottling, marginal leaf necrosis deformation and abortive flowers grown at Kalubia and el-Fayoum Governorates, Egypt. The identities of the two viruses were confirmed serologically using DASELISA. Graft inoculation of diseased apricot scion onto healthy one showed the same symptoms as those seen in naturally infected trees in the stock shoots. Similar symptoms were caused by slashing inoculation...
Karl Maramorosch
...ion of phytoplasmas in a leafhopper vector by Japanese entomologists was not mentioned by Tokyo plant pathologists. Attempts to culture the fastidious phytoplasmas failed, while spiroplasmas have been cultured and properly characterized and classified. Several careers were made by phytoplasma and spiroplasma researchers, but some were destroyed by erroneous reports and one tragically ended through political involvement. The striking progress in the study...
Sahar A. Youssef I and A. A. Shalaby
...namely ,4pple cholorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), Prune dwarf virus (PDV), Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV), Plum pox virus (PPV) and Tomato ringspot virus
(ToRSV) which considered the most economically damaging viruses of stone fruit trees in Egypt and worldwide. Five compatible primer sets for one•step RT-PCR amplification used in a single closed tube to detect the presence of virus infection. Five fr...
El-Dougdoug, Kh.A. t , S.A. Ghaza12 , A.A. Mousa2, H. Fahmyj and A.R. sofy2
...xing, giving rise to oak leaf pattern (OLP) on Dweet tangor. The three isolates were differentiated using double antibody sandwich-enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA), woody indicator plants, differential hosts, peroxidase isozymes and activity, total RNA content and reserves transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The severe isolate (ARC) gave the highest OD. value (2.204) in ELISA, followed by the mild isolate (TB) (1.958) and the last late...
Sabry Y. M. Mahmoud; Maher H. Hosseny and Mamdouh H. Abdel-Ghaffar
...virus X (PVX) and Potato leaf roll virus (PLRV). The results indicated the occurrence of single and mixed infections of three viruses in potato plants. Survey results indicated highly distribution of PVY infected plants, which its yield was affected strongly. Tubers of potato plants which gave a positive reaction to PVY only were collected at harvest, stored in cold store room for three months and then planted in a greenhouse to obtain materials for virus elim...
Sahar, A. Youssef t ; M.M.A. Al-Dhaher 2 and A.A. Shalaby
... identified as Grapevine leaf roll-associated virus-I (GLRaV-l). Other symptoms observed on infected leaves were, malformation with abnomal gathered primary veins, giving the leaf the appearance of an open fan, including yellowing and mosaic pattern or bright yellow bands along major veins. Fan-shaped leaves may or may not be present with mosaic or vein banding symptoms which identified as Grapevine fan...
*Amal Abou El-Ela A., M. A. Amer and Eman A. H. Khatab,
...c inclusions in infected leaf cells. In some cases, however, inclusions have a characteristic shape, spindle, circular or sledge-like. Pinwheel inclusions characteristic of Potyvirus which include CarVMV were also observed. The nuclei were variable in size and shape, sometimes complete destruction of the nucleolus could be observed. The virus infection can cause many cytological changes in the chloroplasts and mitochondria. A combined assay of reverse tra...
A. A. Kheder1; I. A. M. Ibrahim2; H. M. Mazyadl
...aic, chlorotic mottling, leaf deformation and shortening or the internodes (rosette appearance). The virus causes chlorotic local lesions on Chenopodium quinoa Wild. Ch. amaranticolor Cost&Reyn and N. tabacum L. cv. White Burley. It also causes local infection followed by systemic chlorotic leaf spot on Petunia hybrida. Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Castle Rock and Vitis labrusca L. Typical chlorotic spots was expressed on...
A.A.Farrag; I.A.M. Ibrahim and, H.M. Mazyad
...lities on growth without leaf symptoms to different herbaceous hosts including Chenopodium quinoa wild, Ch. amaranticolor (Cost&Reyyn) and Phaseolus vulgaris L cv. Pinto. Typical chlorotic spots were appeared on the woody indicator GF305 leaves one month after chip-budding or infected buds. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) procedure was used to amplify fragments using coat protein gene primers (358bp) of the viral coat protein gene....
A-New-Whitefly-Transmitted-Geminivirus
...ies. Two types of yellow leaf curl symptoms were collected from tomato plants grown at different locations in Egypt. The collected plants were subjected to biological analysis, the viral causal agent vector of the two types of symptoms was found to be Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius). Based on diagnostic host species and back inoculation assay two different types of symptoms were found. The first consists of identical Tomato yellow leaf
M. Osman1, Kh. El-Dougdoug2, E. T. Abd El-Salam3, R.M. Taha4 and R.M. El-Hamidl
...ght upward blistering of leaf blade, closed stomata, short palisade and rounded spongy cells as well as vascular elements of the midrib formed in two patches. The upper patch was completely divided in two parts. Scanning electron microscopy showed alteration in epidermal cells elongated, deformed, and disconnect hairs. decrease of opened stomata, destroyed and forming giant cells. The midrib cells of infected leaves showing clear elongations as well as deforma...
Aimal Zeb1, Abdur Rauf1*, Nabila Bano2, Muhammad Qayash3, Muhammad Yasin4, Ikramullah Khan1, Syed Abidullah1, Wisal Khan5, Muhammad Asmat Ullah2, Abdul Ghaffar Khan6 and Samrin Gul7
...-399). The plant height, leaf dimensions, green leaves, cured leaves weight, nicotine, and reduced sugar contents were examined. Analysis showed highly significant differences (P>0.01) among varieties for examined traits. The maximum number of green leaves (28), was produced by PVH-2324 at first picking, while PVH-1600 showed the maximum number of leaves (22), leaf area (1241cm2), green leaves (29.3 Kg) and cured leaves w...
Limbang Kustiawan Nuswantara, Eko Pangestu, Marry Christiyanto, Santoso Dwi Pratomo, Elyza Zahrotul Muhtaromah
...at bran, molasses, gamal leaf flour, calliandra leaf flour. and indigofera leaf flour and then made in pellets. The experimental design used was a randomized block design (RBD) based on grouping body weights consisting of 4 groups and 4 treatments. The treatment applied was a balance of feed in the form of forage elephant grass with different levels concentrat of 25, 50 and 75%, and contro...
Amina1, Muhammad Zahid Rashid1*, Muhammad Asim Rashid2 and Amina Rashid2
...umber of leaves (16.55), leaf area (62.41 cm2), No. of flowers (38), No. of fruits (46), fruit length (41.69 mm), fruit weight (12.12) and yield (634.2g/plant) was included. While in qualitative characteristics germplasm Sogoya revealed highest total soluble solids (10.85%), total sugars (8.61%) and vitamin C (66.24 mg/100g). The outcomes of this study depicted that exotic genotype Sogoya has the potential to develop into a unique and valuable variety....
M. Imran Kasana, Rashid Iqbal Khan*, Noor Ullah Khan, M. Noman, Shahid Ali, Saima Mumtaz, Shamaila Rasheed and M. Qamar-Uz-Zaman
... i.e., no. of leaves and leaf area, no. of internodes and internodal length, shoot length and diameter were also higher in cleft and tongue grafting as compared to other grafting method. Among cultivars, NARC-Feurte and NARC-Purple give the best outcomes. ...
Shahid Iqbal1, Arshad Khan, Ali Hazrat1*, Gul Rahim, Mohammad Ihsan1, Umar Zad Gul1, Maryam Bibi1, Khadija Bibi1 and Muhammad Mukhtiar2
... qualitative characters: leaf colors, seed coat color, and seed shape. For quantitative trait, the maximum coefficient of variance (0.95%) was found in petiole length, biomass per plant (0.49%), and pod per plant (0.41%), whereas the minimum coefficient of variance showed by leaf width (0.25%), followed by leaf length (0.27%) and internode length (0.29%). Coefficient correlation analysis w...
Tayfun Karatas1*, Betul Apaydın Yıldırım2 and Serkan Yıldırım3
...rotective effects of tea leaf extract (TLE) (Camellia sinensis) against cypermethrin (CMN)-induced toxicity in gill and liver of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). CMN exposure led to increase in aspartate aminotransferase (AST), serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and reduction in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities, glutathione (GSH), total immunoglobulin (T. Ig), and white blood cell (WBC) levels. Moreo...
Rahib Ali Chachar1, Asghar Ali Kamboh1* and Manatbai Bakhetgul2
...ects of moringa and neem leaf powder in Japanese quails. A total of eighty (80) unsex day-old Japanese quail chicks were distributed into the four groups. The T0 offered only a basal diet, while T1, T2 and T3 were supplemented with moringa (5%), neem (1%) and moringa (5%) + neem (1%) leaf powder respectively in the basal diet. Results showed that live body weight and carcass weight were better (p<0.05) in T3 than in contr...
AAMIR MAHMOOD1, ZAHOOR AHMAD SAJID* & SHEZA AYAZ KHILJI2
...vesting was carried out, leaf samples were taken for analyzing biochemical attributes (protein contents, antioxidants enzyme activates). A decrease in seed germination percentage from 95.22 (at control) to 25.34% (at 120 mM salt stress) and shoot length from 86.12 (at control) to 42.36 cm (at 120 mM salt stress) was observed. Similar decreasing pattern of growth was observed in case of pot grown plants after 60 days. The results suggested that salt stress dras...
SEHRISH MUSHTAQ1, MUHAMMAD SHAFIQ1, MUHAMMAD ASHFAQ*1 FAIZA KHAN1, SOHAIB AFZAAL1, UMMAD HUSSAIN1, MUBASSHIR HUSSAIN1, RASHID MUKHTAR BALAL2 & MUHAMMAD SALEEM HAIDER1
...s were isolated from the leaf midrib of different varieties of citrus cultivated in the Sargodha region of Punjab Pakistan. The endophytic bacterial community associated with citrus was characterized and screened for antifungal activity against Alternaria solani which causes losses to crops. A total of twelve strains were identified based on morphological and biochemical tests following Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology. The antagonistic potenti...
UMER YOUNAS, SHAHID IQBAL* & JAMSHED AKBAR
...ioxidant components from leaf matrix. Significant effects of different extraction conditions were recorded on recovery of antioxidant components and radical scavenging potential. On the basis of results, optimum conditions for the recovery of antioxidant components from M. nigra leave have been prescribed....
MUHAMMAD NADEEM1, MUHAMMAD WASEEM MUMTAZ1&MUHAMMAD DANISH1
...ential of hydroethanolic leaf extracts of Vitexnegundo. Freeze drying assisted ultrasonicated extraction revealed highest level of total phenolic contents (258.29±2.52 mgGAE/g DE) and total flavonoid content (155.91±1.75 mgRE/g DE) in 60% hydro-ethanolic V. negundo leaf extract. Furthermore, total antioxidant power (254.35±1.56 mg AAE/g DE) and antidiabetic effectbased on α-amylase inhibitory assay...
ASUMAN ARSLAN DURU1*
...erry (Lycium barbarumL.) leaf (GBL) meal on egg rate, feed intake, egg yield and mass, feed conversion ratio, external and internal egg quality and egg yolk cholesterol level of laying hens were investigated. A total of 55 Lohman Brown laying hens aged 48 weeks were used. The birds were fed with basal diet supplemented with 1 g/kg (GBL1), 5 g/kg (GBL5), 10 g/kg (GBL10), 20 g/kg (GBL20) of goji berry leaves and negative control. These mentioned doses were added...
HAFIZ MUHAMMAD ARSALAN1,2*, SUMMARA TABASSUM1, MUHAMMAD SHERAZ YASIN3, FAROOQ SALEEM4, ZEEMAL SEEMAB AMIN1, MUNIB ASHFAQ1, UMAR FAROOQ GOHAR5 & RASHIDA BASHIR6
...n: justify;">Piper betle leaf is deep green heart shaped belongs to family Piperaceae. This plant is used for the treatment of different diseases like diabetes, cancer, inflammatory responses, oxidant injuries etc. in the present study ethanolic extract of Piper betle leaf was used (300 mg/kg). Diabetes was induced in male albino rats by using Alloxan (150 mg/kg). Glutathione (GSH), Catalase (CAT), Malondialdehyde (MDA), Nit...
Bilal Saeed Khan1*, Muhammad Aneeb Shahzad1, Muhammad Irfan Ashraf2, Zahid Mahmood Sarwar3, Muhammad Farooq4 and Awias Rasool5
...xicity and repellency of leaf aqueous extracts i.e., Melia azedarach (Bakain), Nicotiana tabacum L. (Tobacco), Eucalyptus globulus Labill (Eucalyptus), Moringa oleifera L. (Moringa) and Mentha piperita L. (Peppermint) against two major sucking pests i.e. aphid (Sitobion avenae F.) and two-spotted spider mites (Tetranychus urticae Koch) and their natural enemies such as ladybird beetle (Coccinella septempunctata Linnaeus) and predatory mite (Amblyseius anderson...
Faheem Akbar1, Naveed Ahmed4*, Maria Mussarat1, Imtiaz Ahmed4, Dost Muhammad1, Toseef Ahmad2, Muhammad Afaq Akbar1, Shehryar Rafique3, Seemab Ali4, Sohail Aslam4, Basharat Hussain Shah4, Fayaz Ahmad4 and Muhammad Abbas Khan4
...oved onion plant height, leaf area, bulb weight, fresh yield and as well as sulfur contents in onion bulbs and phosphorous concentration in onion leaves. When the data were averaged over trichoderma levels, these parameters showed linear increases with sulfur levels up to 50 kg ha-1 and then remained unchanged or showed declining trend with further increase in sulphur levels. The mean onion fresh bulb yield increased from 14.11 t ha-1 o 18.91 t ha-1 with 50kg....
Mehwish Zafar1, Muhammad Shahzad1*, Muhammad Zubair Akram2, Quratulain3, Mehak Shehzad4 and Samreen Nazeer5*
...salt treatments. Highest leaf area, chlorophyll contents, and protein contents were noted in all condition in line L30 and L24 as compared other lines. High levels of potassium, calcium and magnesium and lowest sodium were noted in quinoa lines L30 and L24 aided in resisting salt stress and may be the cause of increased growth in both saline and non-saline soil. The present trial recognised the maximum salt-tolerant lines under severe salt stress, it might be ...
Tianhoun Denté Fidèle1,2*, Meda Nãg-Tiéro Roland2, Zabré Geneviève3, Koama Benjamin2, Kaboré Adama1, Tamboura H. Hamidou1, Bélem Adrien Marie Gaston4
Noura K. Al-Suwailem1, Nancy N. Kamel2, Ahmed O. Abbas1,3*, Farid S. Nassar1,3 , Dalia A.A. Elsayed4, Gouda F. Gouda1,5, Hosam M. Safaa6
...pact of Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MLM) supplementation in heat-stressed (HS) broilers on their blood metabolites, antioxidant bio-indicators, carcass yield, and meat quality. We used three hundred one-day-old Cobb chickens and were randomly divided into three groups, each with five replicates of 20 birds. The thermoneutral control group received a basal diet, while the other two groups experienced cyclic thermal stress from day 22 to 42 and were fed the basa...
Gilmar Jesús Cañarte-Cañarte1, Ernesto Gonzalo Cañarte-Bermúdez2*, José Bernardo Navarrete-Cedeño2, Luis Fernando Díaz-Toral1, Carlos Eddy Alvarado-Zamora1 and Fernando David Sánchez-Mora1*
..., internode length (cm), leaf greenness index (SPAD), number of cotton bolls opening/plant, number of open cotton bolls/plant, number of unopened cotton bolls/plant and yield of raw cotton (kg ha-1). The results obtained in the research indicate that spacing between plants (m) was significantly influential in most of the agronomic and productive variables, compared to the spacing between rows, while the interaction was not significant. The plant spa...
Luis Fernando Díaz-Toral1, Carlos Eddy Alvarado-Zamora1, Ernesto Gonzalo Cañarte-Bermúdez2*, José Bernardo Navarrete-Cedeño2, Gilmar Jesús Cañarte-Cañarte1 and Fernando David Sánchez-Mora1*
... internodes length (cm), leaf greenness index (SPAD), total number of branches/plant, total number of flower buds/plant, total number of cotton bolls/plant, weight (g) of ten unopened cotton bolls (g) and yield of raw cotton (kg ha-1), were recorded. The data obtained were subjected to ANOVA, and comparison of means was done by Tukey’s test (P<0.05). The results indicated that the application of mepiquat chloride at 50 days after sowing (DA...
Muhmmad Asif1, Khunsa Khakwani1, Muhammad Hasnain1*, Farrukh Ilahi1, Muhammad Hussnain Babar1, Shahid Munir Chuhan1, Jehanzeb Farooq1, Hafiz Ghazanfar Abbas1, Iqra Parveen1, Ghulam Sarwar2, Saeed Ahmad2 and Hammad Hussnain2
...‘FH-494 (2.80) per leaf. The lowest jassid population was recorded on cultivars FH-494 (0.87), FH-498 (0.97), and FH-492 (0.68) per leaf. The lowest thrips infestation was recorded on FH-492, FH-494 and FH-498, having 1.05, 1.13, 1.20 per leaf, respectively. The cultivar FH-492 (0.20) had the lowest number of pink bollworms in left over bolls. The maximum number of bolls per plant wa...
Wajid Ali1, Muhammad Noman Khan1*, Ghulam Nabi1, Shahid Ur Rahman1, Saira Sattar2, Muhammad Fawad Khan1, Saeed Ur Rahman1, Sayed Zubair1, Qurat Ul Ain1, Muhammad Sabeeh1 and Afsar Ali3
...“Effect of Moringa leaf extract and its solution application forms on growth and yield of okra” was carried out at Agriculture Research Institute North Mingora, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan in the year 2019. Current study was consisted of two factors and was carried out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Factor ‘A’ was solution application forms i.e. fresh Moringa leaf...
Faisal Ali1, Abdul Aziz Khakwani1, Iqtidar Hussain1, Ghazanfar Ullah1, Atiq Ahmad Ali Zai2, Moneeza Abass3, Zuhair Hasnain4* and Sara Zafar5*
... a substantial impact on leaf area index (LAI), green fodder yield (t ha), plant height (cm), net photosynthesis rate (u mole m-2 sec-1), crop growth rate (g cm2 day1), (%), brix (%), bagasse (%), purity (%), reducing sugars and pol (%). Though, there was not a noticeable impact on the amount of chlorophyll (u g cm3) or the number of leaves on the plant. The most significant interaction between the Sudan grass hybrid and fertilizer increased the crop growth ra...
Muhammad Ayyub, Mitha Khan*, Syed Abdul Malik, Sakhawat Ali, Syed Shamsullah, Mujeeb ur Rehman, Ikhlaq Ahmed, Ameer Uddin, Habibullah Kakar, Mohammad Zahid, Khalil Ahmed, Mana Khan, Mukhtiar Ahmed, Muhammad Rafiq Khetran, Zia ul Haq and Muhammad Azam
...weight, Dry weight, Flag leaf area, thousand grain weight, Grain yield plant-1 and Tones per hectare as showed highly significant positive general combining ability, respectively. While among TD1 × Benazir and Umeed × Raskoo were observed as good specific combiner crosses in all parameters. Further, it is recommended that these genotypes be further included in breeding program to get more cultivar and hybrids combiner to enhance yield through yield...
Shahid Iqbal Khattak1, Mohammad Safdar Baloch*1, Khalid Naveed2, Muhammad Amjad
Nadim1, Asghar Ali Khan1 and Kaleem Ullah3
...g stage produced maximum leaf area index (LAI), leaf area duration (LAD), crop
growth rate (CGR), net photosynthesis rate (NPR) and grain yield, while its application at
heading stage produced maximum net assimilation rate (NAR). Among different doses, the
application of potassium at the rate of 60 kg ha-1 potassium at the rate of 60 kg ha-1
produced maximum growth and yield an...
Saad Parvaiz1, Khuram Mubeen1*, Mudassir Aziz1 and Tanveer-ul-Haq2
...growth
rate, leaf area index, leaf area duration and net assimilation rate in weeds free (whole
season). In treatment (horse purslane free 40 DAE) kernel yield was higher as compared to
treatments such as horse purslane free 20 DAE and 40 DAE. As the interference duration
increased over 45 days after emergence, significant reduction in yield and growth of maize
was ...
Arshad Javaid1* and Iqra Haider Khan
...y, the effect of aqueous leaf, stem, root and flower
extracts (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0%) of the weed was checked on germination
and growth of the target weed. Leaf and stem extracts showed the best herbicidal activity
and a 2.5% extract of the each plant part completely inhibited germination of parthenium
seeds. The lowest extract concentration (0.5%) of
Rahamdad Khan1, Abdul Basit, Syed Majid Rasheed* and Syed Salim Shah
...acts from root, stem and leaf of invasive
weeds; Parthenium hysterophorus and Xanthium strumarium. Distilled water was used as
control for comparison. Data were recorded for germination (%), seedlings length (cm),
shoot weight (g) and root weight (g). It was evident from the results that maximum
germination (100 %), Seedling length (7.6 cm), shoot weight (164.88 g) and root weight
(163.8 g) was record...
Mona Adel El-Wakeel1*, Salah El-Din Abd El-Ghany Ahmed, Sanaa Abd El Rahman Mohamed
and Nadia Khalil Messiha
...ffect of Psidium guajava leaf powder (PLP) and
Acetic acid 5% as a natural products on the growth and yield of Capsicum annuum plants
and both associated weeds: Phalaris minor (grassy weed) and Malva parviflora (broad-leaf
weed). PLP was mixed with in the soil surface at successive rates (15, 30, 45 and 60 g pot-
1). In the corresponding treatments PLP at the same sequenced rat...
Nimra Javaid1, Mukhtar Hussain Shah1, Iqra Haider Khan2, *Arshad Javaid2 and Syed Muhammad Waleed1
...his study concludes that leaf, root and inflorescence extracts of A. conyzoides possess strong herbicidal potential against germination and growth of parthenium....
Muhammad Ather Nadeem1, Bilal Ahmad Khan 1, Sadia Afzal2, Muhammad Azim
Khan3, Tasawer Abbas4, Muhammad Mansoor Javaid1, Muhammad Mohsin Amin1,
Naila Farooq5 Amir Aziz5
...
Results suggested leaf and flower extract of C. tinctorius at 8%concentration can be used
potential bio-herbicide for the control of red rice.
...
Muhammad Ather Nadeem1, Bilal Ahmad Khan*1, Sadia Afzal2, Ahsan Aziz1,
Rizwan Maqbool3, Muhammad Mohsin Amin1, Amir Aziz4, Amjed Ali1, Muhammad
Adnan1, Durrishahwar5
...plication of
leaf extract at 8% concentration of C. tinctorius. The E. cruss-galli emergence percentage
(53.33%) and seedling fresh biomass (15.35 g) was minimum when treated with 8%
aqueous extract of C. tinctorius fruit extract. The lower concentration (0.25% to 2%) of all
the studied extracts showed a hermetic response and stimulated the root, shoot and
seedling fresh weight of E. cruss-galli. The ...
Syeda Fakehha Naqvi1, Iqra Haider Khan1 and Arshad Javaid1
...-align: justify;">Nettle leaf goosefoot (Chenopodium murale L.) is a common winter weed of Chenopodiaceae. Studies have shown that extracts of this weed possess antioxidant, antimicrobial, larvicidal and nematicidal activities. In the present study, n-hexane soluble fraction of methanolic stem extract of this weed was subjected to GC-MS analysis to identify various biologically active constituents. There were 28 compounds in this fraction. Major compounds incl...
Muhammad Ather Nadeem1, Bilal Ahmad Khan*1, Saima Anwar2, Hasnain Abbas3, Muhammad Yasin1, Rizwan Maqbool3, Muhammad Mohsin Amin1, Amir Aziz5, Muhammad Sikander Hayyat1, Muhammad Shozib Javed5
...d of aqueous extracts of leaf, roots and fruits applied at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8% (w/v) along with a control (0%). Data regarding seed emergence, emergence index, emergence percentage, root length, shoot length and seedling dry weight were recorded. All the tested concentrations of all the parts of S. oleraceus significantly inhibited the seed emergence, emergence index, emergence percentage (%), growth and delayed mean emergence time and time taken to 50% ...
Iqra Haider Khan1 and *Arshad Javaid1
...dy, antifungal effect of leaf extract of this weed was assessed against Aspergillus flavipes. Methanolic leaf extract of the weed was partitioned into five fractions using organic solvents of variable polarities. A range of concentrations (1.562 to 200 mg mL-1) of each fraction was used in laboratory bioassays. n-Butanol fraction showed the highest antifungal activity followed by chloroform and n-hexane fractions causing 68&...
Shazia Shafique1, Sobiya Shafique1 and Sonia Sahar1
...ike many other diseases; leaf spot is very important due to its significant yield losses. Therefore, control of this disease is obligatory to reduce the causal agent lower than commercial thresh hold level. Biological control provides safe fungal management program. Presently, the research was under taken to ascertain the antitoxic effect of Thymus serpyllum against eggplant leaf spot pathogens i.e., Exserohilum rostratum, C...
Maqsood Anwar1, Naveed Akhtar1*, Shah Khalid1 and Hassan Zeb2
Farrukh Avais1, Anser Ali1, Hamza Javed2, Muhammad Saleem3, Tehreem Tahir4,
Muhammad Rafiq5,*
...estingly, AS
leaf MetOH_EA, AS leaf MetOH_CHCl3, AS root MetOH_EA and MP leaf MetOH_CHCl3
showed significant anti-tyrosinase activity even higher than positive control kojic acid.
AS leaf MetOH_CHCl3 extract being the most potent among all tested extracts is
proposed as potential candidate to treat tyrosina...
Imtiaz Khan,1 Muhammad Kabir, Muhammad Ishfaq Khan, Haroon Khan, Saima
Hashim and Muhammad Azim Khan
...
spike length (cm), leaf area (cm), number of tillers (m-2), number of grains spike-1, 1000
grain weight (g), biological yield (kg ha-1) and grain yield (kg ha-1), Harvest index (%).
These data parameters were formally observed with great care to avoid any repetition or
error of the data. Noxious weeds were observed and recorded in the field viz. Avena fatua,
Anagallis arvensis, Euphorbia helioscopia, Phalar...
Iqra Haider Khan1, *Arshad Javaid1 and Nadeem Shad1
...v>different fractions of leaf extract of C. sativa have remarkable potential in controlling growth
of A. versicolor.
...
Muhammad Ather Nadeem1, Bilal Ahmad Khan1*, Saima Anwar2, Rizwan Maqbool3, Mohsin Amin1, Amir Aziz4, Iram Batool3, Athar Mahmood3, Abdul Rehman1, Aafaq Ali5, Aneela Nijabat5
... of different parts i.e. leaf, stem and flower of S. oleraceus. All the tested concentrations of various plant parts significantly inhibited the mean emergence time, emergence index, emergence percentage (%), time taken to 50% emergence as well as growth of O. punctata. However, maximum mean emergence time (5.26 days), minimum germination index (1.69), germination percentage (40%), root length (2.04 cm), shoot length (5.71 cm), fresh weight (59 g), dry weight ...
Abdullah1, Syed Mukarram Shah2, Adnan Ali Shah1, Murad Muhammad1, Muhammad Abdussalam1, Khushnood Ur Rehman3 and Haroon Khan4*
...ytodiversity, phenology, leaf size, leaf shape and life form of weed flora of village Sufaid Sung, Peshawar from March 2018 to June 2020. Overall, 95 plant species associated with 31 families have been recorded. Among them Poaceae (22 species), Asteraceae (10 species) followed by Amaranthaceae and Papilionaceae (6 species each), Brassicaceae and Polygonaceae (5 species each), Euphorbiaceae and Solanaceae (4 species each), Ch...
Muhammad Ather Nadeem1, Bilal Ahmad Khan1* Sadia Afzal2, Rizwan Maqbool3, Hasnain Waheed1, Aneela Nijabat4, Muhammad Ikram5, Amir Aziz6, Muhammad Adnan1, Qaisar Mehmood7, Hasnain Umer3
... E. cruss-galli. Whereas leaf extract at 8% concentration produces less shoot length (1.13 cm) and more emergence time (9.18 days). Lowest emergence percentage (6.67%) and germination index (0.89) were produced by aqueous extract of fruit at 8% concentration. On the basis of this experiment, it can be concluded that higher concentration (8%) of stem extract of P. somniferum was used to biologically control the infestation of E. cruss-galli weed....
Muhammad Shakil Ahmad1, Muhammad Afzal1, Liu Yu Feng2,
Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Hina Safdar3, Arif Mehmood1, Shahid Iqbal4 and Muhammad Adnan1
Ghulam Abbas , M. Anjum Ali , Zafar Abbas , Muhammad Aslam , Muhammad Akram
MUHAMMAD AZIM KHAN,Khan Bahadar Marwat
Munesh Kumar , Siiolyne Siangshai
Muhammad Sikander Hayyat,Muhammad Akram,Muhammad Ehsan Safdar,Zafar Iqbal
Khalid Ahmad, Mir Ajab Khan, Mushtaq Ahmad, Muhammad Zafar , Zulqarnain
Parviz Shimi , Reza Poorazar , Mohammad Jamali , Nasser Bagherani-Torshiz
Subhan ud Din,Rahamdad Khan,IJAZ AHMAD KHAN,MUHAMMAD WAQAS,Ijaz Ahmad,OBAID UR REHMAN,Muhammad Haroon,Muhammad Ramzan
Sobiya Shafique, Rukhsana Bajwa, Arshad Javaid and Shazia Shafique
GUL HASSAN,ABDUL AZIM,NAZEER HUSSAIN SHAH,IJAZ AHMAD KHAN
Md. Nazmul Alam,Muhammad Kamal Hossain
Ejaz Ahmad Khan, M. Ayyaz Khan, H. Khalil Ahmad , Fateh Ullah Khan
UZMA BASHIR,Amna Ali,MUHAMMAD SALEEM HAIDER,Naureen Akhtar
Imtiaz Khan, Gul Hassan, Muhammad Ishfaq Khan , Ijaz Ahmad Khan
Gul Hasan,Khan Bahadar Marwat,BUSHRA FAIZ,MOHAMMAD KHAN
EJAZ AHMAD KHAN,Haji Khalil Ahmad,FATEH ULLAH KHAN,Muhammad Ayaz Khan,HAJI HIMYAT ULLAH KHAN
Murad Ali,AZAZ ALI,MUHAMMAD ADNAN,Zahid Hussain,MURAD ALI KHAN,ABDUL BASIR,KAMRAN AHMAD,MUHAMMAD ANWAR KHAN,NOUMAN SALEEM
Arshad Javaid , Sobiya Shafique , Shazia Shafique
Muhammad Ashiq, Noor Muhammad , Noor Ahmad
Wirat Phuwiwat , Watcharin Wichittrakarn , Chamroon Laosinwattana , Montinee Teerarak
Jae-Eup Park,Lee, In-Yong,Chang-Seok Kim,Byung-Chul Moon,Oh-Do Kwon,Jeongran Lee
Muhammad Faisal1, Syed Makhdoom Hussain1*, Majid Hussain2,
Muhammad Zubair ul Hassan Arsalan3, Zeeshan Yousaf1 and Muhammad Amjad1
...pact of Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MOLM) based diets on the overall performance of Catla catla fingerlings cultured in 6 earthen ponds. In order to formulate experimental diets, MOLM was used as test ingredient. MOLM was used to replace fish meal (FM) in the diet at varying levels of 0%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30%, respectively. There were five experimental diets and one control diet used during the trial. Fingerlings were placed in a cemented pond for fifte...
Chika Bright Ikele1*, Ugwu Venita Uju1, Chioma Faith Ikele2
... (Garcinia kola), cashew leaf (Anacardium occidentale), bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina), lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus) and ocimum leaf (Ocimum gratissimum) to investigate their efficacy against theronts for 24 hours. A 100 µl (480 theronts) were distributed into five groups; 0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05 and 0.1 g/ml (A-E) (for all plant extracts used) in a 96 micro-wells chambers, with ...
Kingsley O. Omeje1, Juliet N. Ozioko2, Amaechi L. Ogara2, Benjamin O. Ezema2* and Dilibe C. Urama3
Muhammad Umar Atique1, Sanam Zarif Satti1, Muhammad Ilyas1*
...d Ceratonia siliqua. The leaf samples of the selected species were collected with replication of ten (10) from the Range Research Garden of Pakistan Forest Institute (PFI), Peshawar, and brought into the Forest Chemistry Laboratory of PFI in polypropylene woven bags for chemical analysis. Quality parameters including moisture content, ash, protein, fat/oil, fiber, and carbohydrate content were determined. The results of the study revealed that Bauhinia variega...
Muhammad Farooq1*, Lal Badshah2 and Sanam Zarif1
... were the most prominent leaf classes. Periploca aphylla was the only aphyllous species in the area. The investigated rangelands are less productive and need rehabilitation through ecological management. This would be possible with participation of local communities and NGOs to make the plant resources sustainable. There is a dire need to provide an alternate source of energy to overcome the burden on rangeland resources.
Key words: Spectrum, Rangeland, Li...
Key words: Spectrum, Rangeland, Li...
Naveed Ahmed and Amjad Usman
...e tested against amaltas leaf stitcher Piesmopoda obliquifasciella Hamps. at Pakistan Forest Institute, Peshawar. Results of the post-spray data recorded after 1, 3 and 7 days revealed that all the insecticides were significantly effective in reducing the larval population of the pest as compared to the untreated check. Steward 150 EC (Indoxacarb) was found to the most effective insecticide with maximum % mortality of 96.167, 98.167 and 100.00 %, after ...
Syed Said Badshah Bukhari, Ghulam Ali Bajwa and Miskeen Ali
...ended that for improving leaf yield, growth traits which have significant positive effect on leaf yield, such as, TSL, longest shoot length and NB should be considered for mulberry breeding programme. The breeding programme is suggested to be based on hybridization followed by selection method.
Key words: Genetic variability, phenotypic variation, heritability, genetic advance, genetic linkage, mulberry, breeding
...
Muhammad Shabbir Mughal
...>Prosopis glandulosa leaflets are light green in colour, 6-17 pairs arranged distantly with single thorns/spines, very rarely two whereas, the leaflets of Prosopis juliflora were dark green in colour, 13-25 pairs arranged closely with a pair of thorns. The seeds oblique to longitudinal, dark brown in colour in P. glandulosa and compressed, light brown with flat cotyledons in P. juliflora....
Muhammad Afzal, Aqeela Mobeen Akhtar and M. Mahboob-ur-Rahman
...s. A tropical moist broadleaf forest in Central America, for example, may be similar to one in New Guinea in its vegetation type and structure, climate, soils, etc., but these forests are inhabited by plants with very different evolutionary histories.
The Punjab province is mainly a fertile region along the river valleys, while sparse deserts can be found near the border with Rajasthan and the Sulaiman Range. The region contains Thar and Cholistan de...
Tanvir Hussain
...plant-parts (root, stem, leaf, anther, stolon, ovules, embryos/embryos with stem) as explants in different culture media i.e. Murashige & Skooge (MS) medium, Gamborgs B5-salt (B5)and Basal nutrient medium (BNM) alone and in combination with Auxins and Cytokinins. It was found that only the axillary buds gave good response to all media. For callus initiation, same ex-plants and media (alone and in combination with callus initiators) were tried but callus format...
Hasanuzzaman, Md., H. Mahmood, H.L. Sharif and Md. N. Islam
... K and Na) leaching from leaf litter of D. sissoo were studied in the laboratory. About 20% of initial weight of leaf litter was lost, while conductivity and TDS (Total Dissolved Solid) of leached water increased to 239 µS/cm and 114 mg/l, respectively and pH decreased to 5.81 after 96 hours. Weight loss (%) of leaf litter, conductivity and TDS of leached water showed significan...
Sardar M. Rafique and Ghulam Ali Bajwa
...
...
Nasreen Fatimah Rao, Muhammad Tahir Laeeq and Kanwar Muhammad Suleman
...the relationship between leaf area and girth of P. deltoids trees grown in Charsadda district of NWFP area, simple, multiple and double log regression analysis was carried out. Girth of the tree was used as dependent variable and leaf area, age and space were used as independent variables. In this regard, data were collected from 2 and 7 years old compact plantations, 3 years intercropping plantation and 8 years linea...
Sardar M. Rafique and Ghulam Ali Bajwa
...ely Chemical analysis of leaf showed varied nutritive value with cultivation forms. Moisture (70.55%) and total protein (25.13%) contents were highest in low cut On the other hand, more total carbohydrates (60.81%) and minerals (15.15%) were found in tree followed by bush However, no single cultivation form gave all the nutrients at the highest level. High growth rates, single cocoon & cocoon shell weight and cocoon shell ratio on low cut reflected positive ef...
Mohammad Zubair Sulemani* Mohammad Safdar Baloch** and Khalid Abdullah**
...he inhibitory effects of leaf and litter leachates (extracts) of kikar (Acacia nilotica) on the germination of wheat (Triticum aestivum) maize (Zea mays), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), millet (Pennisetum typhodeum), sunflower (Helianthus annus), brassica (Brassica compestris) and taramira (Eruca sativa). Seed germination of all sevel crops was significantly and negatively affected due to the application of e...
Ghulam Ali Bajwa
...uifasciella, Amaltas leaf stitcher, Malathion, Dimilin, Atabron
...
M. K. Hossain, B. M. Khan and B. Koirala
...gth, collar diameter and leaf number followed the same trend of higher value of T5 and T4 treatments respectively following T1 treatments. Similar trends were also found in shoot, root and total seedling dry weight, seedling vigor index and seedling quality index Therefore, presowing treatments of T5 and T4 (seeds soaked in concentration H2SO4 for seven minutes or five minutes followed by cold water washing) or, T1 (soaking the seeds in cold water for 48 hours...
Rizwana Aleem Qureshi*, Mushtaq Ahmad**, Zaheer Yousaf* and Muhammad Arshad*
.... Ex DC. For plant size, leaf-shape and size, petiole length, inflorescence type and capitulum, were studied on the herbarium specimens preserved at Herbarium of Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad. Medicinal properties and uses of these species were determined by interviewing Hakims and also from the literature. Characters recorded are head and receptacle, number of florests per head were taxonomically important to differentiate these species. It was observed ...
Ghulam Ali Bajwa and Muhammad Nawaz Rajpar
...st termites, nettle tree leaf beetle (Diorhabda lusca) and amaltas leaf stitcher (Piesmopoda obliquifasciella). Decoction of these plant species provided significant protection against termites for three months in the field. D. alba and C. procera were the most effective against termites with 62.5% protection. While M. communis and L. camara with 18.5 and 18.75% protection, respectiv...
Iqtidar Hussain and Adnan Noor Shah
...he control, 10 ml of dry leaf water extract was applied at intervals of 3 days for each treatment. The data obtained after 20 days showed that the fresh weight and dry weight of each tested weed were significantly reduced compared to the treatment with water (control). Germination, root length (cm), shoot length (cm) and chlorophyll content of the weeds are adversely affected by the application of the extract instead of the control. These results indicate that...
Ghulam Ali Bajwa and M. N. Ashiq
...ative resistance against leaf roller (Margaronia pyloalis) at the Pakistan Forest Institute, Peshawar. Mean percentage of larval infestation of leaves was recorded following analysis of variance and LSD test....
Altaf Hussain, M. Arif Chaudhry and Syed Hasnain Abbas
...ater on survival growth, leaf size, root length, fresh and dry weight of one year old Eucalyptus camaldulensis potted seedlings were studied in the nursery at Pakistan Forest Institute, Peshawar. The results indicated that treatment T1 (50% effluent water + 50% tap water) was the best treatment as for as growth parameters are concerned. The maximum survival (100%) was obtained with treatment T0 (100% tap water) followed by treatment T1 (95.8%) which is ...
G. A. Bajwa, H. Gul and G. N. Panhwer
...da obiquifasciella a leaf stitcher of amaltas (Cassia fistula) was studied in the laboratory during 1996-97. Studies on the biology showed that the fecundity of a single female moth was on an average 37.71 ± 0.91 eggs with maximum of 45 and minimum 30 eggs. The oviposition, incubation, larval and pupal periods lasted for 1-3, 3-5, 8-18, 6-18 days, respectively while the adults remained alive for 4-17 days. There were seven generations in a yea...
Muhammad Shabir Mughal and Shams-u-din Jalbani
... doses of well
rottened leaf mould manure of Paulownia spp. (Control no
manure and treatments 75, 150 and 225 gm/ treatment)
applied to soil in earthen pots (380 cm2) supplemented
with 10 gm Urea fertilizer/pot as basal dose in all
treatments and control. Results indicated that seed
germination was insignificant affected and better plant
growth and height was observed in all treatments. The
grain yield was higher and significant in do...
Pazir Gul
...tent were isolated from
leaf samples of Mentha arvensis L. collected during
March-November from the Medicinal Plants Farm Pakistan
Forest Institute, Peshawar. Physico-chemical
characteristics of the oil were also determined. October collection the oil were also determined. October
collection gave high yield of oil (2.8%) and menthol
content (68.0%) as compared to other periods of the
year, next high yield of oil and Menthol content was
observed ...
Mohammad Arif Chaudhry
...P. tomentosa. The leaf size was largest (238.8 cm2) in P. fortunei and smallest (124.6 cm2) in P. forgesii....
Mohammad Saleem and C. A. Call
...as measured in terms off leaf and tiller development and shoot and root biomass production. Plants of both species had similar patterns of leaf and tiller development until defoliation treatments .were implemented. Cymbopogon jwarancusa produced more tillers per plant than Chrysopogon aucheri when both species were equally defoliated one two, or three times in monoculture and equally defoliated three times in m...
Mohammad Saleem and C. A. Call
...ly greater, tiller and
leaf development and shoot biomass than
Cymbopogon jwarancusa seedlings.
Chrysopogon aucheri seedlings had greater
total numbers, total lengths, and biomass of
primary, seminal, and adventitious roots than
Cymbopogon jwarancusa seedlings. Both
species showed evidence of sub-coleoptile
internode elongation and sub-coleoptile
internode root development characteristic of
panicoid-typeseedlings. Th...
Muhammad Shabir Mughal
...ate. It has light crown, leaf blade 0.6096-
0.9144 m long and broad. It flowers and fruits
from June to November respectively. Its natural
range extends to Pakistan, Afghanistan and Iran
(Bailly, 1935 and Malik,. 1984). In Pakistan.it is
widely distributed in Makran, Kharan.Khuzdar,
Hernai and Sibi area of Balochistan, Kohat,.
Hungu, Orakzai, Waziristan and Kurram Agencies
of N.W.F.P., and Jacobabad of Sindh (Watt, 1891;
Troup, 1921; Parker, 1921; B...
Zahid Javid and R. F. Fisher
...continuously grazed and
leaf-litter harvested sites of mulberry and hybrid
poplar (1-214) have comparatively low total soil
nitrogen, net nitrogen mineralization rates and,
consequently, low N assimilation....
Zahid Javid and R. F. Fisher
...continuously grazed and
leaf-litter harvested sites of mulberry and hybrid
poplar (1-214) have comparatively low total soil
nitrogen, net nitrogen mineralization rates and,
consequently, low N assimilation....
Zakaullah
...cause heavy reduction in leaf
yield and distortion in the cocoons with inferior silk
when silk worms were fed on infected leaves....
M. Iqbal Ahmad and I. A. Hafiz
... related to the mulberey leaf
yield. The spacings of 1 x 1 meter was found optional for
improved management and high yield of mulberry
plantations. The application of 200 Kg N per hectare, if
applied 50% after sprouting of plants in spring and 50%
after 20 days of leaf plucking, increased mulberry leaf
yield by more then 100%. The PFI-1 early sprouting
variety was selected and distr...
Zakaullah, Jehan Ara and Abdul Jabbar
...s, rusts, needle blight, leaf spot and root rot were found incited
by the fungi on previously unreported hosts....
M.Ismail Chaudhry and Ashiq Ahmad
...kill in 0.1%dose....
Wali-ur-Rahman and M. I on ail Chaudhry
... 1984 microlepidopterous leaf stitchers caused defoliation of kail trees in patches in the Galis Forest Division at Chatri R. near Thandiani, Bagan near Nathiagali and Darwaza near Kuzagali in Hazara, N.W.F.P.
...
Iqbal Ahmad
...ect of urea on
mulberry leaf yields revealed that after one year of
planting 78.8%, 120%and 175% increase in annual leaf
yield occurred in 100kg N 200kg N and 300 kg N
respectively, per hectare as against check where no
fertilizer were applied. After two years of planting the
total annual increase in leaf yield was 55% 100% and
120% kg per hectare in 100kg N 200kg N and 300kg N
res...
Sultan Maqsood Khan
... crops, fodder trees and leaf
fall of fruit trees are important sources of livestock
feed. The availability of winter feed is a limiting
factor in the production of livestock. In Northern Areas
100,125 metric tonnes of air dry feed is available
annually against a requirement of 1,212,439 metric
tonnes. The harvesting and storage practices are faulty.
Soil erosion is common on steep slopes. Scare scientific
data is available and no organization for the ...
Pervez Khawaja, I. A. Hafiz and M. I. Chaudhry
...a (Hamps), a serious leaf stitcher of
Amaltas, Cassia fistula. The microbial insecticide gave
84.4, 78.1 and 90.7% mortality of the test larvae with dose of 0.8 x 105, 1.6 x105, and 3.2x105 spores per ml
against a natural mortality of 34.4% larvae in the
check. The efficacy of the product has been proved
against this insect hence it can be used on field scale
to control the peat.
...
M.I. Sheikh
...e the annual quantity of leaf crop from a given area....
Parvez Khawaja, I.A. Hafiz and M. I. Chaudhry
... severely attacked by
a leaf stitcher, Piesmopoda obliquifasciella (Hmps).
Heavy infestation tarnish the beautiful look of the tree
for which it is grown as well as destroy annual growth
of the tree to the extent of 50-100% depending upon
severity of infestation. For developing a control method
safer to the environment a pathogenic fungus, Beauveria
bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. Was tried against the larval
stages of the pest. The fungus displa...
Relph R. Stewart
... to be a Ginkgo or a fem leaflet resembling it. I named the specimens as far as I could, without a great deal of microscopic work, and gave a list to Dr. de Terra which he published in 1939 in De Terra, H. and Patterson, T.T., Studies on the Ice Age in India and Associated Human Cultures. Carnegie Inst., Washington, D.C....
Zakaullah and Shahida Perveen
...hawar in 1978.Cercospora leaf spot was common on al the 3 varieties. Peshawar local was moderately susceptible to phyllody whereas Calinda and Punjab 37 were not attached.
...
M.Ismail Chaudhry and Bashir Hussain Shah
... heavily infested by leaf stitchers and defoliatois in the plains but are quite safe from their attack in hills. Unfortunately hybrid poplars are seriously attacked by poplar stem and root borer, Apriona cinerea Chev. in hilly areas....
Mohammad Shamsul Hasan Khan
...aycid and Bidrin against leaf eating insects and Dieldrin, Aldrin and Heptaclhor against white ants and wood borers have been recommended....
M. Ismail Chaudhry and Iqbal Ahmad
...plars in Pakistan. This leaf stitcher becomes active in the beginning of April and passes through 6-7 generations during growing season. The larvae stitch two or more leaves together with silken threads and feed on parenchyma tissues, leaving network of viens and skeleton of leaves intact. It causes more than 90% leaf stitching when severe.
The moths from hibernating pupae emerge during March and copulate 10-20 ho...
The moths from hibernating pupae emerge during March and copulate 10-20 ho...
Sony Eka Nugraha1*, Marianne Marianne2, Rony Abdi Syahputra2, Aji Najihudin3, Nikmatul Ikhrom Eka Jayani4, Shaum Shiyan5, Nabila Nabila6,7
...cated that the C. papaya leaf extract contained various compounds. ABTS antioxidant activity assay showed an IC50 of 45.50 μg/ml. In vivo examination revealed that C. papaya extract has potential anti-thrombocytopenic effects; doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg BW showed significant improvement in the hematology profile from that of the heparin control (p < 0.05). In particular, doses of 200 mg/kg BW have the best potential for the development of anti-thrombocyt...
Kremlin Mark B. Ampode
...no (Origanum vulgare L.) leaf meal (OLM) as a potential antibiotic alternative in enhancing broiler chicken growth performance. A completely randomized design was employed with 125 Cobb broiler chickens and five treatment groups. The diets included antibiotics (0.0025%) in T1, and groups supplemented with varying OLM levels T2 (1%), T3 (3%), T4 (5%), and T5 receiving no antibiotics and OLM. OLM demonstrated a significant positive impact on growth performance (...
Abdul Aleem Memon1*, Inayatullah Rajpar2, Ghulam Murtaza Jamro2, Javaid Ahmed Shah3 and Saima Kalsoom Babar2
...) treatments (2% once at leaf development stage (LDS), 2% in two equal splits (1% at LDS and 1% inflorescence emergence stage (IES), and 2% in three equal splits (0.67% at LDS, 0.67% IES and 0.67% flower bud development stage (FS). Three repeats of treatments arranged in randomized complete block design. The Kfs affected growth related parameters, chlorophyll concentration, leaf K concentration, seed yields significantly. Ap...
Mohammad Umar* and Gohar Ayub
... leaves plant-1 (15.84), leaf weight (11.00 g), primary curd weight (340.94 g), secondary curd weight (189.50 g), primary curd diameter (8.60), secondary curd diameter (7.56cm), curds plant-1 (8.73), yield (8.03 t ha-1) and survival (92.67 %) than rest of the treatments. As for as irrigation level is concerned, irrigation at 35 % rate resulted in in early curd formation (66.44 days), maximum plant height (47.54 cm), leaves plant-1 (15.88),
Luqman1*, Zahid Hussain2, Tamana Bakht3, Miftah-Ud-Din1, Haroon Khan2, Muhammad
Rameez Khan1, Ata Ullah1 and Faraz Ali Shah1, Imtiaz Khan2 and Abdul Majid Khan Dawar2
...v>
kept that broad leaf weed problems are higher
...
Fawad Khan1, Zahir Muhammad1, Tahseen Ullah1, Khushdil Khan2 , Shabir Ahmad2, Asif Kamal2 and Khafsa Malik2
Javairia Mehboob1, Syeda Hafsa Ali1*, Fahima Ashraf Kasi1, Syeda Ayesha Ali2, Safa
Farooqi3, Muneeza Arbab4,
...cubated
with leaf extracts of Cynara scolymus (Artichoke), Alkanna tinctoria (Alkanet), and
Lavandula angustifolia (Lavender), respectively. The synthesized nanoparticles were
characterized visually, UV-Vis spectrophotometer and using X-ray diffraction (XRD). We
further determined antimicrobial activity of these biogenic nanoparticles against pathogenic
bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus, and Es...
Muhammad Idrees1, Wisal Muhammad Khan1*, Haroon Khan2, Arshad Iqbal1, Nosheen Umar3, Shah Khalid1 and Nisar Ahmad4
...2%). The observations on leaf size revealed that microphyll was the prevailing class with 73 species (30.67%), followed by mesophyll 69 (28.99%), nanophyll 60 (25.21%), leptophyll 23 (9.66%), macrophyll 8 (3.36%), megaphylly 4 (1.1.68%) and aphyllous with 1 species (0.42%). Simple lamina species 154 while 5 species had spiny lamina shape....
Abid Hussain Khoso1, Mahmooda Buriro1*, Bakht-un-Nisa Mangan1, Naimatullah Laghari1, Muharam Ali Qambrani1, Allah Ditta2, Muhammad Saeed3, Taufiq Nawaz4
...tment caused the maximum leaf area (136.56 cm-2), and leaf area index (4.92 cm) in Haridost. The minimum weed density (55.00 m-2), weed fresh (293.6 g m-2) and dry biomass (122.52 g m-2) with maximum weed control (81%) was recorded with banana leaves as mulching material in Sindh-1. It can be concluded that mulching with banana leaves at 12 t ha-1 significantly reduced the weeds infestation, resulting in enhanced growth, yie...
Imran Khan1*, Muhammad Iqbal1, Malik Muhammad Hashim2, Muhammad Saleem Jilani1, Mohammad Safdar Baloch3, Muhammad Sohail Khan1, Asif Latif1, Muhammad Amjad Nadim3, Muhammad Mamoon-ur-Rashid4
...umber of leaves plant-1, leaf area plant-1 (cm2), leaf and root weights plant-1 (g), sucrose (%), TSS (%), root and sugar yields (t ha-1). The results showed significant variation among the treatments for all parameters during both years of study. Among the treatments, the dual gold (S-metolachlor) applied as pre-emergence reduced weed fresh and dry biomasses (g m-2) and also enhanced number of leaves plant-1,
Zara Naeem1, Khajista Jabeen1*, Muhammad Khalid Saeed2, Sumera Iqbal1
...entrations of methanolic leaf extract of Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. against target pathogenic mycotoxin producing fungal species (Trichoderma viride Pers., Trichoderma harzianum Rifai. and Cladosporium cladosporioides (Fresen.) G.A. de Vries. For this purpose, different concentrations viz. 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% of methanolic leaf extract were prepared and tested for their antifungal potential in a completely randomized d...
Sumaira Abdul Raouf1, Nadia Jabeen1* and Sundus Akhtar1
...strum L. (black pigweed) leaf extract decreased the V. mungo germination rate (34% to 6%), seedling length (10 cm to 3 cm), fresh biomass of seedling (2.4 g to 0.94 g) and dry biomass of seedling (1.2 g to 0.47 g). Biological agent Pseudomonas sp. (PF-097) act as bioherbicide and as plant growth promoter agent to decrease the T. portulacastrum allelopathic stress and to enhance the growth of V. mungo. Amendment of Pseudomonas sp. (PF-097) increase V. mungo per...
Hafiz Ishtiaq Ahmad1, Jinlong Zhang1, Fuxun Luo1, Owais Iqbal2 and Yuying Wang1*
...d that the plant height, leaf length, leaf width and root number were significantly increased in the red, blue and white (RBW) composite treatment, while composite red, blue and yellow (RBY) subjected seedlings exhibited maximum leaf number, root length, and proliferation rate as compared to the others. Therefore, seedlings exposed to the light combination of red and blue (RB) exhibited th...
Hafiz Muhammad Usama Shaheen1, Nasir Ahmed Rajput1*, Muhammad Atiq1, Ghalib Ayaz Kachelo1, Hadeed Ahmad1, Muhammad Wahab1, Muhammad Faran Tahir1 and Abuzar Hasnain2
...resses. Among all, brown leaf spot disease of rice caused by Bipolaris oryzae is the most devastating disease, causing potential yield losses. A number of commonly available phytoextracts were explored as potentially safer alternatives to harmful synthetic chemicals for the management of brown leaf spot of rice. For the management of BLS of rice, fourty-four phyto-extracts were screened for their potency in preventing B. ory...
Ayoola Mathew Oluwaseyi1*, Aderemi Foluke Abimbola1, Alikwe Philip2 , Tumgbulu Samuel2, Eniufuoma Augustina2
...h (Eichhornia crassipes) leaf meal (ECLM) as a feed additive. Treatment diets consisted of a commercial starter and finisher feed with ECLM added at graded levels of 0,1,2,3, and 4g/100kg, T1 with 0g ECLM served as the control. Two hundred and twenty-five Arbor acre-day-old chicks were randomly assigned to the dietary treatments each replicated thrice for eight weeks. Results revealed that average body weight gain, average daily feed intake, and feed conversio...
Rauf Khan1, Shazia Mansuri1,2*, Muhammad Abid1, Muneeba Khan2, Anjum Perveen2, Afshan Rehman3 and Rubina Noureen1
...s. It was concluded that leaf and stem extracts in chloroform and methanol solvents exhibited the highest activity against nematodes. The sequence of nematicidal activity from high to low was as follows: chloroform > methanol > acetone > ethanol > water. Hence, Pulicaria boissieri demonstrates potential nematicidal activity with various organic solvents....
Cristian Mendoza1*, Adriana Celi-Soto2, Ernesto Cañarte3 and George Cedeño-García2
...fresh damaged roots, and leaf emission were assessed. There were fewer S. valida larvae and damaged roots in the treatments with fruitless bunches and fiber at 180 days and with leaves at 90 days after beginning the treatments, while in absolute control, the larval population rose over time. The application of physical barriers reduced the incidence of root borer attacks by 40% compared to areas where these measures were not implemented. The pruned leav...
Jagdish Jaba1*, Sumit Vashisth2, Sivakumar Golla1 and Suraj Prashad Mishra1
... ICPL 88039. The maximum leaf/pod feeding insect population was recorded on first sowing and then gradually decline for the rest of the plantings. Maximum H. armigera egg population exhibited 21.10 on ICPL 87 in first sowing and at least 1.23 on ICPL 88039 in sixth sowing. Web forming insect pests Maruca virata (3.95) and leaf webber (4.66) weremaximum recorded on ICPL 88039 in second and first planting respectively. The
Istna Mangisah*, Lilik Krismiyanto, Vitus Dwi Yunianto Budi Ismadi, Mulyono Mulyono, Nyoman Suthama, Fajar Wahyono
... Andrographis paniculata leaf meal (ALM) on intestinal bacteria, intestinal growth, blood lipid profile, and performance of Tegal ducks kept in different cage densities. A total of 140 7-day-old male Tegal ducks with an average body weight of 130.83 ± 7.54 g/head were placed in 20 experimental units in stilt cages following a completely randomized design procedure, 5 treatments, and 4 replications. The research ration was prepared with an EM content of ...
Chinenye Maria-Goretti Ohanu, Chika Bright Ikele*, Okoye, ChukwuEbuka Kingsley, Charity Chidera Eze
...oncentrations of ethanol leaf extract of O. gratissimum (ELEOG) for control of I. multifiliis (Ich) in a 96 h short bath treatment. A total of 120 ich-infected catfish, Clarias gariepinus were infected with 10,875 theronts and were randomly distributed in triplicates into five groups (A-E). Groups A, B and C (500mg/L chloramphenicol) served as the normal, negative control, and positive control, while groups D and E were treated with 500mg/L and 1,500mg/L ELEOG...
Ameer Sultan1, Abdur Rauf1*, Farooq Jan1, Muhammad Qayash2, Muhammad Yasin3, Tanweer Kumar4, Wajid Khan4, Muhammad Arif4, Kashmala Jabbar5, Wisal Khan6, Farhan Ullah1, Syed Shabab Hussain1 and Ikramullah Khan1
...t height, cane diameter, leaf count per plant, and tillers per plant, while 60%-DSW had a diminishing trend compared to the other concentrations. ...
Atyab Amjad1*, Riaz-Ur-Rehman1, Muhammad Shafique Khalid2, Samia Ikram1, Riaz Bukhari1, Muhammad Shafique3 and Muhammad Luqman4
...co displayed the largest leaf area (153.9 cm²) when grown in polyethylene tunnels. The maximum number of leaves per plant (38) was observed for Crystal Blanco cultivated in a greenhouse environment. Notably, the number of flower buds per plant did not exhibit significant variation across growing conditions, although Crystal Blanco again displayed a trend of superior performance. The largest bud diameter (20.2 mm) was recorded for Crystal Blanco grown unde...
Iswahyudi Iswahyudi1,2, Wahyu Widodo1*, Warkoyo Warkoyo1, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi3, Damat Damat1,
Dyah Roeswitawati1, Shazma Anwar4, Thontowi Djauhari Nur Subchi1, Irma Rahmaita Utarid5, Marchel Putra Garfansa2, Mohammad Shoimus Sholeh2, Ida Ekawati6, Rusli Tonda7, Wahyu Alvina Mujianti2, Dody Sukma RA8, Sri Utami Lestari8 and Choirul Anam9
... for 20 d. Plant height, leaf length, root length, fresh weight, chlorophyll, and MPs identification in the roots were observed in this study. The data gained were run through ANOVA, followed by randomized complete block design (RCBD). Overall, three types of MPs polymers affect the growth of rice plants. HDPE (High Density Polyethylene) showed no effect on root elongation compared to LDPE (Low Density Polyethylene) and PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) although all MP...
Salam N. Aritonang1*, Yulia Yellita1, Dwita Saningtias2, Eka Putri2, Rizqan1
...2 kg of withered cassava leaf. The results showed that turmeric flour supplementation significantly increased (P<0.05) erythrocytes (4.8 - 6.51 x 106/mm3), hemoglobin (9.85 - 13.22 g/dl), hematocrit (25.82 - 33.32%), and leukocytes (8.55 - 11.17 x 103/mm3), while maintaining values within normal ranges. Based on the results, supplementation of turmeric flour up to 0.03% (C) was found to be the most optimal for blood profile improvement and can enhance the h...
Tahani Ahmad Al-Matrafi1, Zuhair M. Mohammedsaleh2, Mamdoh S. Moawadh2, Waheeb S. Aggad3, Rawabi Mohamed almuhimed4, Zamzam Alhuwaymil5, Aishah E Albalawi6, Ifat Alsharif7, Hailah M. Almohaimeed8, Fatima S. Alaryani9 and Mona H. Soliman10,11*
... and Eosin staining. The leaf extracts effectively restored liver function indicators and hepatic antioxidants to normal levels, demonstrating a significant improvement compared to the elevated levels observed in the paracetamol control group (P < 0.001). Furthermore, a reversal of hepatoarchitecture was recorded. The study highlights the pronounced hepatoprotective effects of T. dioica leaf extracts against paracetamol-i...
Deden Sudrajat*, Dewi Wahyuni, Burhanudin Malik, Dede Kardaya
...mine the effect of betel leaf meal and extract on the sensory quality of quail eggs. The design used was a Completely Randomized Design with three treatments, which were then analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis test. The variables observed were hedonic tests with a 5-point hedonic scale and hedonic quality (egg yolk color, egg white color, flavor, taste, and texture of quail eggs). This treatment showed that in the preference test, the ratio of betel
Muhammad Ihsan Ullah2, Muhammad Hasnain1*, Muhmmad Luqman2, Hammad Hussnain2, Muhammad Tauseef2, Abrar Ahmad2, Muhammad Shahid2, Qaisar Abbas3, Mussurrat Hussain3, Ali Raza2, Muhammad Musadique Ahmad Khan4, Muhammad Kashif Nadeem5, Sajid Nadeem6
...n from 16.33 to 6.79 per leaf, respectively. The overall reduction percent of Imidacloprid + Acephate after 1st, 3rd, and 7th days was 10.89, 9.78, and 6.79%, respectively. All tested insecticides caused a significant reduction in jassid, whitefly, and thrips even after first and second spray....
Xiaoping Gao1, Yanping Li2*, Renyi Zhang3, Yunyun Lv2, Yongming Wang2, Jinrong Shi2, Jiang Xie2, Chiping Kong1 and Lekang Li1
...d into the typical cloverleaf secondary structures, except for tRNA-Ser (AGY) that lacked the dihydrouracil arm. 15 of 22 tRNA genes were found to have 29 G-U mismatches in their secondary structures, which formed a weak bond. In addition, mismatches of A-C, C-C, U-U, and A-A were also found in their tRNA secondary structures. Result of substitution rate estimation among the mitochondrial protein coding genes (PCGs) showed ATP8 had the largest average Ka and K...
Suhair Sh. Al-Siraj1, Jihan M. Badr2 and Dalia M.A. El-Masry3*
...bacterial effects of Bay leaf (laurusnobilis) aqueous extracts and nano-emulsion against gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative (E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria and their effects on virulence and antibiotic resistance genes. The MIC) minimum inhibitory concentration (of both was determined using thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) micro dilution to assess antibacterial activity. Bay leaf (l...
Paulus Klau Tahuk*, Gerson Frans Bira, Wolfhardus Vinansius Feka
...grass, Gliricidia sepium leaf meal, ground corn, pollard bran, and rice bran. Variables observed included feed intake and digestibility, as well as growth performance metrics such as average daily gain (ADG), conversion rate, and feed efficiency. While there were no significant differences in dry matter (DM) and gross energy (GE) intake among treatments, significant variations (P<0.05) were observed in the intake of organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), ...
Razaq Animashahun1, Funmilayo Okeniyi1, Olayinka Alabi1, Samuel Olawoye1, Precious Oluwafemi1, Princess Odhe1, Oluwatola Akintola1, Adedeji Animashahun2
..., parkia, and synedrella leaf meals on the growth, carcass, and meat qualities of New Zealand male kit rabbits was conducted. The rabbits, aged eight weeks, were assigned in a Completely Randomized Design into five dietary treatments, each containing 12 rabbits per group with 3 replicates. Treatment 1 served as the control, while treatments 2, 3, and 4 included 6% tithonia, parkia, and synedrella leaf meal, respectively. Tre...
Muhammad Nauman Khan1*, Fazal Hadi1, Maryam Bibi1, Naushad Khan1 and
Syed Mukaram Shah2
Zahid Fazal1, Jaweria Gul2, Muhammad Subhan, Khan Sher and Qasir Ali
Fawad Ali1, 2, Gul Hassan2*, Naveed Akhtar3, Muhammad Jamal Babar3 and Ataullah Jan4
Rafaqat Hussain Shah1, Mohammad Safdar Baloch1*, Muhammad Zubair2, Khalid Naveed3, Muhammad Amjad Nadim1 and Aminullah Khan4
...ts of mesquite including leaf, stem and root were prepared in different concentrations to see their efficacy as phytotoxic components on wheat. The trial was conducted under laboratory conditions at the Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan. Different concentrations (10, 20, 30 and 40%) were compared with control (tap water treatment). The use of aqueous extract in multiple concentrations showed significan...
Gul Hassan, Anees Amin, Haroon ur Rashid, Naqib Ullah Khan and Hussain Ali1
...plant height (46.98 cm), leaf area (71.94 cm2) and root length (10.27 cm) were recorded in the 2% parthenium + NPK recommended dose, but for all the parameters differences were non significant from 3% parthenium + NPK and the NPK alone. These treatments ranked higher than 2% berseem + NPK and the untreated check, where berseem is a conventional green manure crop. Incorporation of 4% parthenium along with NPK adversely affected all the parameters studied, which...
Safaa Sabbar Atiyah1*, Ali Abdullah Zuairi Al-Sadoon2, Shifaa Kadhum Jieish2
...ous extract of Aloe vera leaf gel (AEAV) to the epididymal spermatozoa of local goats during the cooling process for different periods. The AEAV was prepared and stored in the refrigerator until the time of use. Epididymal spermatozoa were diluted by a Tris extender and divided into three treatments: T1 with a Tris extender only (control group), T2: 0.02 AEAV, and T3: 0.03 AEAV. Epididymal sperm were cooled at 5 ºC for 0, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hours. Th...
Afnan Ahmed Allhyani1, Mohamed Baeshen1, Nagwa Thabet Elsharawy2,3*
Mohammad Wasiullah Khan* and Abdur Rab
...fter fruit set increased leaf protein content (6.53 %), the total number of fruits plant-1 (916). Among application stages, Zn sprayed 15 days after fruit set increased leaf protein content (6.70 %), total number of fruits plant-1 (932). Various attributes studied for storage duration of plum fruit were significantly affected by zinc concentration less weight loss (11.91%), TSS (13.76 ºBrix) were recorded with fruit pla...
Bunga Rimta Barus1, Masfria Masfria2*, Aminah Dalimunthe3, Sovia Lenny4
...entrations of red ginger leaf extract exhibited significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, with the 5% concentration showing the largest zone of inhibition (11.20 ± 0.30 mm). Histological analysis revealed that the 5% gel concentration significantly enhanced epidermal thickness (52,407.77 ± 1.34 nm) and promoted angiogenesis (26.33 ± 0.31) in the wound area. These results indicate that the 5% ethyl acetate fraction g...
Ririn Siti Rahmatillah1*, Diky Ramdani1, Iman Hernaman2, Anuraga Jayanegara3, Yulianri Rizki Yanza2
...plementations (including leaf, extract, and waste) have the potential to improve the performance and health of ruminants. Both past and current studies regarding the effects of various dietary tea leaf products on ruminants do not show a comprehensive outcome. Therefore, this meta-analysis aimed to systematically examine the effects of different tea leaf product supplementations on ruminan...
Aasma Rasheed1, Dilbar Hussain2, Usama Saleem1, Saddam Hussain3, Zeeshan Javed1, Mashal Shahzadi1, Muhammad Sohail Qadir2, Muhammad Saleem2, Abdul Ghaffar2, Mawra Rafique4, Ayesha Ikram5, Saad Rasheed1 and Muhammad Asrar1*
...on C. septempuctata. The leaf dip bioassay method was performed by collecting sunflower leaves and a 2cm leaf disc with larvae was dipped in insecticides. Data regarding mortality was recorded after 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hours. Mortality rates were as follows: 28% for emamectin benzoate, 26% for indoxacarb, 22% for lufenuron, 22% for Spinetoram, 16% for chlorantraniliprole, 14% for chlorantraniliprole, and 10% for Flubendi...
Mohammad Moneruzzaman Khandaker1*,Nuratiqah Emran1, Nurul Elyni Mat Shaari1, Arba Aleem2, Zanariah Mohd Nor1 and Ali Majrashi3
...hlorosis symptoms in the leaf were visible in hydroponic Pak Choi containing Cd. The growth of Cd-treated hydroponic Pak Choi was adversely affected by Cd treatment. The Cd treatment also reduced SPAD, biomass content (fresh and dry), and length of root and leaves number significantly. It can be concluded that exogenous Cd inhibits the Pak Choi germination and growth under hydroponic conditions.
...
Wali Muhammad Mangrio1*, Hakim Ali Sahito1, Abdul Hafeez Mastoi2, Sanaullah Sattar3, Fahmeeda Imdad Sahito4 and Shahid Ali Jakhrani1
...he thrips population per leaf was recorded on KMG-3, 1.66, followed by KMG-2, 1.35, KMG-1, 1.12, and 1.01 on NIAB-78. The population of spotted bollworms at 1.63, 0.96, 0.89, and 0.84 were counted. Jassid infestation was recorded at 1.24, 1.02, 0.96, 0.93, and whitefly population fluctuations at 1.18, 0.95, 0.83, and 0.79. Overall maximum pest infestation of thrips was recorded at 1.29 compared to spotted bollworms at 1.08, jassid 1.04, and whitefly 0.94, resp...
Haifen Qin1,2, Yujia Liu1, Yujie Zhang1, Jingfeng Liu1, Zhenkun Zhao1,2 and Lichun Jiang1,2*
...). All tRNAs form clover-leaf structure only apart from trnS (AGN) which possess a reduced DHU arm. The motifs ‘ATGATAA’ between ND4L and ND4, was more conserved than that between trnS (UCN) and ND1 and between ATP8 and ATP6 in the mitogenomes of Cucujiformia. The 1,143 bp A+T-rich area includes a 16 bp poly-T stretch, 14 bp poly-A stretch region, three microsatellite-like repeats of (TA)n and three other random repetitive sequences. Based on 13 PC...
Iqrar Hussain1, Ibrar Hussain2, Fazal-i-Wahid2, Ghani Gul3, Waseem Ullah Shah*4, Muhammad Numan5 and Muhammad Anas4*
Muhammad Saleem1*, Dilbar Hussain1, Tamseela Mumtaz2, Saeed Ahmad3, Muhammad Ihsan Ullah3, Muhammad Luqman3, Muhammad Shafqat4, Fiaz Hussain5, Muhammad Sajjad6, Kaynat Shahzadi2, Muhammad Jawad Saleem1 and Muhammad Hasnain1
...armigera larvae by using leaf dip bioassay method under laboratory conditions at Entomological Research Institute, Faisalabad. On the basis of LC50 values chlorantraniliprole and emamectin benzoate was proved most effective insecticide to control this polyphagous pest as compared to pyriproxyfen and lufenuron which showed high resistance against H. armigera. Estimated LC50 values of emamectin benzoate on these larvae after 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours were 1457.3...
Kouakou Yadom Yao François-Regis*, Kra Kouamé Daniel and Atta Diallo Hortense
...ns, the efficacy of each leaf type is unknown. This study aimed to identify the maturity level of castor leaves that exhibit the highest nematicidal activity against okra root-knot nematodes. Aqueous extracts of five types of castor leaves were prepared. These were immature (ILV) and mature (MLV) leaves from vegetative plants and immature (ILF) and mature (MLF) leaves from flowering plants. The fifth type (ATL), a mixture of all leaf
Estrelle Anne Tacbas1, Neil Pep Dave Sumaya2 and Nanette Hope Sumaya1,3*
Zafrullah Khan1, Shah Alam Khan1, Tamana Bakht2, Luqman5*, Noor Muhammad1, Naeem Khan3, Iqbal Munir4, Ruqayya Qazi1 and Shazia2
... the incidence of potato leaf roll virus (PLRV). The PVYand PLRV incidence in Malakand divisionwas noted by 62.7 and 44.6 %, respectively. In Peshawar division the incidence of PVY was 55.4% and that of the PLRV was 40.7% and the incidence of PVY and PLRV was 50.7 and 37.3%, respectively in Hazara. The field-wise results of Malakand region showed the highest incidence of PVY and PLRV in Kalam was found by 70 and 50%) followed by Miandam (62 and 46 %) and the l...
Shiguftah Khalid1, Muhammad Jahanzaib2*, Haris Khurshid2, Rabia Khalid3, Sundas Waqar3, Faiza Siddique3, Fazal Yazdan Saleem Marwat3 and Zahid Akram1
...ositive direct effect of leaflet area, pods per plant, shelling percentage, average pod length and hundred seed weight. In contrast, leaf area, pegs per plant and mature pods per plant revealed negative direct effect. The mean values for genotypes N0334, abCG005 and BARI-2000 had maximum pod yield per plant among all the genotypes. Biplot and cluster analysis indicated the overall variability among genotypes and degree of ge...
Abdur Rehman*, Muhammad Umair Khan, Zahid Rauf, Saeed Akhtar, Abdur Rahman Khan and Mansoor Khan
...utilized humid-zone Broadleaf woods. The present work will be relying on the equitable woody fiber anatomical dimensions of two types that are Willow (Salix tetrasperma) and Lachi (Eucalyptus camaldulensis). The excellence of pulp and paper is directly linked to the fiber characteristics such as fiber wall thickness, fiber lumen diameter, and fiber length. Several wood characteristics associated with paper quality will be deduced from the fiber dimensions, enc...
Pangesti Nugrahani1*, Hery Purnobasuki2, Arif Nur Muhammad Ansori3, Jatuporn Anuchai4 and Anugerah Dany Priyanto5,6
...iation, root initiation, leaf initiation, shoot and root length, plantlet weight, root number, leaf number, and shoot number. The study followed a completely randomized design with one factor, namely the composition of the planting medium, consisting of five treatments: full MS without BAP (MS0), ½ MS without BAP (½MS0), ¼ MS without BAP (¼ MS0), ½ MS supplemented with BAP at 3 mg L-1 (&fra...
Sutaryo Sutaryo1*, Jeksen Nikolas1, Nain Ufidiyati1, Ivena Setiany1, Nadlirotun Luthfi2, Retno Adiwinarti1, Agung Purnomoadi1
... inclusion of Indigofera leaf meal (ILM) on the performance, diet digestibility, and feed efficiency of growing male rabbits. A total of 28 New Zealand White (NZW) male rabbits, aged 9–10 weeks (body weight = 1.45 ± 0.45 kg), were used in a completely randomized design. The rabbits were divided into four treatment groups (seven replications per treatment): basal feed (T0), and basal feed with 4% (T1), 8% (T2), and 12% (T3) ILM inclusion. As the le...
Nur Amira Idayu Romzi1, Aina Zahirah Mohd Suhaili1, Norhayati Ngah1,2 and Mohd Fahmi Abu Bakar1*
..., the distance of nodes, leaf width, and leaf length, were taken every two weeks. The physiological parameters, including chlorophyll content and stomatal conductance, were recorded during plant growth. The results showed that there is an increase in crude protein content from the difference in nitrogen fertilizer treatment compared to control. The NovaTec fertilizer treatment produces the highest crude protein in the kernel...
Mok Sam Lum, Nurul Fadhilah binti Aldam and Clament Fui Seung Chin*
...m diameter (p = 0.0419), leaf area (p = 0.0364), cob length (p = 0.0077), and number of grains per cob (p = 0.0207) compared to the control plant received an optimal rate of 120 kg ha-1 urea without AE. No significant differences were recorded for chlorophyll content, cob fresh weight, and weight of 100 grains. It is found that sweet corn received high N with the lowest AE (110 kg ha-1 urea + 10% AE) enhanced vegetative growth in plant he...
Khawla Abdul- Aziz Salman1, Mohammed Khalil Ibrahim Al-Saeedi2, Hashim Hadi Al-Jebory3*, Rasha Fajer Al-Jebory4
...igate the effect of neem leaf powder on some physiological characteristics of broilers exposed to heat stress), these birds were randomly allocated into four treatment groups, The experimental treatments consisted of (T1) a control group without any treatment, and three groups supplemented with neem leaf powder at rates of 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg food, referred to as treatments T2, T3, and T4, respectively. All treatment gro...
Sultan Çobanoğlu1, Waheed Anwar2*, Muhammad Asim Javed2 and Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan3
...ns (red and green) using leaf-disc bioassay method. Their corrected mortalities were also calculated using Abbot formula. Results indicated that the concentration 4×108 conidia/ml of Trichoderma longibrachiatum caused the highest mortality of red (86.97%) and green (88.63%) strains of T. urticae. Beauveria bassiana, V. lecanii and M. anisopliae have also caused significant mortality ranging from 40.1 to 65.4% of both strains at the 4×108 conidia/ml...
Aimen Raza1, Muhammad Muzamil Ijaz1,2*, Adnan Younis1, Nasir Ahmad Khan3, Ahsan Akram1, M. Abdul Salam khan2 and M. Nadeem4
...sed materials, including leaf compost, coco peat, and peat moss was used to ensure the quality growth and development of the ponytail palm. The experiment was arranged according to a completely randomized design (CRD). The collected data was analyzed using the Fisher’s analysis of variance technique, and treatment means were compared using Tukey’s test at a 5% probability level. The results regarding maximum plant height (86.05 cm), number of leave...
Farhan Anjum1*, Sheraz Ahmad Khan1, Raees Muhammad2, Yousaf Jamal1, Durrishahwar1, Jawad Ali Shah1 and Hidayat Ullah1*
...2’ had the highest leaf area measured, whereas ‘Eidhi’ had the lowest. The highest grains per ear were noted for genotype ‘Bamkhel-2’ (567.40), and the minimum was recorded in ‘Saleem Khan-2’ (448.53). The genotype ‘CIMMYT Yellow’ achieved the highest thousand-grain weight (331.40g), whereas the genotype ‘Eidhi’ had the highest grain weight (305.00 g). Similarly, the genotype ‘Bamkhel-2&rs...
Muhammad Ahmad1, Safdar Ali1*, Amer Habib1, Muhammad Usman Ghani2,3, Humaira Kalsoom4, Yasir Iftikhar5 and Muhammad Ahmad Zeshan5*
...tic factors, Stemphylium leaf blight caused by Stemphylium vesicarium is one of the most devastating diseases of onion that prevail worldwide and causes a huge economic loss. In present study, different varieties were screened against the Stemphylium leaf blight disease, meteorological variables (temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind speed) were studied in relation to disease development and different chemicals were tested f...
José J. Cedeño-Díaz1, Caridad A. Torres-García1, Marina García1, Freddy Zambrano-Gavilanes1, Naga Raju Maddela2* and Felipe R. Garcés-Fiallos3*
...verity (%) of Curvularia leaf spot (Curvularia spp.), Diplodia leaf streak (Diplodia sp.), and leaf blight (Bipolaris sp. or Exserohilum sp.), and various phytometric and chemical parameters were evaluated at 63 DAS. Organic amendments did not show significant effects on maize seedlings under in vitro conditions; however, urea only improved the seedling height b...
Shibao Guo1, Junhua Chen1, Nan Song2, Fangmei Zhang1*
...d into the typical cloverleaf structure, except trnS1 and trnT which lacked the dihydrouridine (DHU) and TΨC arms, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses based on 13 protein-coding genes among the available sequenced species of family Tephritidae by maximum likelihood and bayesian inference methods suggested the genus relationship of Tephritidae: ((Bactrocera, Dacus, Zeugodacus), Felderimyia, Anastrepha), (Acrotaeniostola, (Neoceratitis, Ceratitis), Euleia, R...
Rukayat Omolara Folarin1,2, Nurhadirah Hairil1, Nurafiqah Anis Ismail1, Putri Athirah Zamrifana1, Lina Nadhirah Abdullah1, Muhammad Afiq Zabhin1, Ariff Imran Alkaf1, Farrah Izzuanie Zainudin1, Hanisah Basir1, Asmad Kari1, Enike Dwi Kusumawati3, I Wayan Karyasa4 and Connie Fay Komilus1*
...parated into four parts (leaf, stem, grain and root). Data were analysed using a two-way approach ANOVA. Results showed that 300 g of goat manure per one litre of water showed higher growth performance and production yield with significantly highest crude protein. In conclusion, 300 g of goat manure can be used as fertilizer in hydroponic forage production.
... Sarhad Journal of Agriculture
September
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Efficacy of Sulfur With Benomyl For Reducing Effect Fungi of Fusarium solani Infecting Rice
Qasim H.A. Aljboori and Saadoon Murad Saadoon
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Review of Agro-Food Sustainability Supply Chain: Causal-Loop and Mitigation for Environmental Risk
Anisa Aprilia, Syafrial, Djoko Koestiono, Fitria Dina Riana and Silvana Maulidah
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Comparative Analysis on the Growth and Yield of Summer Squash (Cucurbita pepo) Varieties in the Southern Climate of Nepal
Sanjita Gurau and Ram L Ray
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Influence of Fertilizer Combinations on Agronomic Traits and Yield of Basmati variety in Direct Seeded Rice
Muhammad Usman Saleem, Tahir Hussain Awan, Bilal Atta, Arshed Makhdoom Sabir and Muhammad Ijaz
Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, Vol.40, Iss. 4, Pages 1370-1382
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