Khalid Usman, Aziz-Ur-Rehman
...econd irrigation....
Muhammad Arif1, Fazal Jalal1, Mohammad Tariq Jan1, Dost Muhammad2
...awar, during 2011-2013. Wheat-maize-wheat cropping pattern was followed with the adjustment of legumes in summer gap (land available after wheat harvest till maize sowing). Legumes i.e. mungbean, cowpea and sesbania with a fallow were adjusted in the summer gap with and without biochar application. Biochar was applied at the rate of 0 and 50 t ha-1 with four N levels of 0, 90, 120, 150 kg ...
Shahid Ali, Munir Khan
...technical efficiency of wheat production in district Peshawar of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Data from 100 wheat growers were collected through multistage stratified random sampling technique during 2009-10. Stochastic frontier analysis was employed for the estimation of technical efficiency levels and its determinants. Maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) technique was applied to estimate stochastic frontier Cobb-Douglas p...
Farhad Zulfiqar, Muhammad Ashfaq
...jective to estimate the wheat yield response function in two agro-ecological zones in Punjab. The method of ordinary least square was used. Time series data for different explanatory variable (eco- nomic, location and climatic) from 1979-2009 relating to wheat were used for Faisalabad and Ba- hawalpur. The results of analysis showed that the effect of climatic variables was found significantly higher than that of non-climati...
Raja Waqar Ahmed Azad, Tahir Sarwar
..., water productivity of wheat ranged from 0.77-1.48 kgm-3 with average of 1.18 kgm-3, water productivity of maize ranged from 0.68-1.25 kgm-3 with average of 0.90 kgm-3 and average water productivity of onion crop ranged from 0.29-0.36 kgm-3, with average of 0.32 kgm-3. Water productivity of onion was lower compared to the values reported by FAO and others. Better watercourse maintenance and irrigation management practices were found in watercourse Sarai, wher...
Muhammad Mudassar Maqbool1, Anser Ali1, 2 *, Tanveer ul Haq1, Muhammad Nasir Majeed1, Dong Jin Lee2
...erformance of different wheat varieties at critical growth stages. Three wheat varieties viz. Faisalabad-2008, Lasani-2008 and Kohistan-97 were manually sown in polythene lined pots. Five water stress treatments were created by withholding the irrigation for specified time at critical growth stages viz. tillering, booting, anthesis and milking (grain filling), whereas a well-watered treatment was also included during whole p...
Nisar Ahmad1*, Inayatullah Jan2, Saif Ullah1 and Sidra Pervez1
...the impact of credit on wheat productivity in district Jhang. Furthermore, study explores the purpose of farmers for acquiring loan and major sources of credit in district Jhang. This study is based on primary data collected in 2013 from eight villages in district Jhang – Punjab, Pakistan. The district was divided into four zones and two villages were selected from each zone. An equal number of beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries, i.e. ten each, were sel...
Hina Fatima1*, Muhammad Azeem Khan2
...="text-align: justify;">Wheat is the main staple food item of the country’s population and the largest grain crop as well. Pakistan has been regularly importing wheat, except for the few years. Wheat’s domestic production has remained short of its domestic demands. To estimate the wheat varietal effect on wheat...
Shahid Iqbal Awan1*, Syed Dilnawaz Ahmad2, Muhammad Amjad Ali3, Muhammad Shahzad Ahmed1, Aurangzeb Rao1
...ss the diversity in 176 wheat genotypes for morpho-physiological traits. Simple correlation coefficients indicated that grain weight had a significant positive relationship with residual transpiration, osmotic adjustment, cell membrane stability, flag leaf weight, specific flag leaf weight, while negatively correlated with specific flag leaf area. These results indicated the importance of physiological traits and their positive influence on grain weight. Multi...
Rabnawaz1*, Muhammad Jamal Khan2, Tahir Sarwar2, Mohammad Jamal Khan3
... the CWP of main crops (wheat, sugarcane, maize and tomato) under public and civil canal irrigation systems in Peshawar Valley. For this purpose, 18 farms were selected under public canal system and 13 under civil canal systems. Results revealed that average CWP of wheat, maize, sugarcane and tomato was 0.96, 1.11, 3.31, 3.61 kg m-3 under public and 0.90, 0.77, 2.36, 2.98 kg m-3, under civil system, respe...
Ummara Waheed Khan, Raza Ahmed, Irum Shahzadi and Mohmmad Maroof Shah
Email | mmshah@ciit.net.pk
... crop species including wheat. The tissue culture by itself has increased the crop improvement potential to develop new cultivars with desirable traits through somaclonal and gametoclonal selection. While successful tissue culture is critical for genetic transformation, it has been facing greater impediments in wheat and related crop species. Its success depends largely upon the average effect of several ...
Muhammad Amjad Nadim1*, Mohammad Safdar Baloch1, Ejaz Ahmad Khan1, Abdul Aziz Khakwani1, Kashif Waseem2
... on growth and yield of wheat was conducted at the Agricultural Research Institute, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan. The trial was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) using split-plot arrangements with four replications. Main plot consisted of NPK and organic fertilizers while micronutrients viz. Zn, Cu and B (alone and in combinations) were assigned to sub-plots. The results revealed significant variations in plant growth and yield attributes wit...
Haq Aman Ullah1*, Aneela Zameer Durrani2, Muhammad Ijaz2 and Aqeel Javeed3
...otton seed cake, wanda, wheat bran and homemade concentrate mixture of dairy goats was investigated in district Lahore of Pakistan. A total of Twenty 20 goat farms were randomly selected and out of that 40 feed samples 2 from each farm were collected in the month of April. All the samples were analysed for the determination of aflatoxin B1 by using reverse phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC. Out of total samples Aflatoxin B1 was detected in 33 ...
Nazish Huma Khan*, Mohammad Nafees and Adila Bashir
...know about the soil and wheat crop contamination caused by heavy metals (Cd, Cr and Ni). Soil samples were collected from both orchard and non-orchard fields and were extracted with Aqua-regia and Mehlich-3 extracting solutions for total and available metals respectively. Wheat crops from both fields (orchard and non-orchard) were collected and analyzed with aqua-regia for heavy metals contents. Results showed that the avera...
Mukhtarullah1, Jawad Ali2 and Mohammad Akmal1*
...b>Abstract | Wheat is among the staple food crops in the world. In Pakistan, it is planted on a significant cropped area (Ca. 38%) every year. In Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), wheat is also a popular crop in the cropping system, however, average yield differs by 100% from the national average yield due to rainfed planting (67%). Sowing of wheat in the area starts in October subject t...
Muhammad Jurial Baloch1*, Ghulam Murtaza Channa2, Wajid Ali Jatoi2, Abdul Wahid Baloch1, Imdad Hussain Rind1, Muhammad Ahmed Arain1 and Ayaz Ali Keerio1
...1 hybrids of wheat were sown in a randomized complete block design with four replications during 2010 at Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Pakistan. Genetic analysis of yield traits from half diallel crosses was carried-out. Mean squares due to GCA and SCA were significant for days to 75% maturity, tillers plant-1, spike length, spike density, grains spike-1, grain yield plant-1, seed index and harvest index. S...
Ishfaq Ahmed, Ihsan Mabood Qazi and Suraiya Jamal
...luence of incorporating wheat flour (WF) on broken rice flour (BRF) at different concentrations (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 g/100 g) on the proximate compositions and functional properties. It was found that percent protein (8.93–12.25%), ash (0.52–1.01%) and moisture contents (4.47–7.09%) showed significant (P < 0.05) increase, while fat content (1.41-1.17%) showed significant (P < 0.05) decrease by blending WF with BRF. Similarly, wate...
Mohammad Fayaz, Abbas-ullah Jan, Dawood Jan, Ghaffar Ali and Yousaf Hayat
...f 0.0061 and 0.2375 for wheat & wheat flour and rice & rice flour, respectively. The estimation of quality elasticity based upon income quintiles revealed that the magnitude of quality elasticity increases for rice & rice flour (0.2019 to 0.2639) while decreases for wheat & wheat flour (0.0160 to -0.0012) as household move from poorest to...
Farmanullah Khan, Samad Khan, Wiqar Ahmad and Imran Khan
...eriority for profitable wheat yield under rain-fed conditions. It can be concluded from these results that the application of plant nutrients from a variety of natural and manufactured fertilizer sources improve crop yield as well as augment the fertility of soils suffering from water erosion hazards....
Gul Naz and Mohammad Akmal
...-align: justify;"> Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a major staple food crop of Pakistan. It is grown on the maximum cropped area every year. The suitable variety identification for agro-climate and its optimum N-fertilizer demand with application are need of the day to overcome on N-leaching from the soil and to ensure future food security. Present study was, therefore, conducted in two seasons (2011-12 and 2012-13) at the Agronomy Research Farm, the Univ...
Muhammad Aslam
...ps of five major crops; wheat, cotton, rice, maize and sugarcane. The review discusses major constraints, identifies future prospects and makes policy recommendations for enhanced agricultural productivity in Pakistan. The review revealed that in Pakistan, on average current yield of wheat, cotton, rice, maize and sugarcane is 2.26, 1.87, 2.88, 1.77 and 48.06 tons per hectare, respectively against 6.80, 4.30, 5.20, 9.20 and ...
Ghani Akbar, Muhammad Munir Ahmad, Muhammad Asif, Iqbal Hassan, Qurban Hussain3 and Greg Hamilton
...nt (2000 to 2009) under wheat-maize (9 seasons each) cropping pattern was conducted on raised beds (with furrow spacing of 65 cm (Narrow Bed-NB), 130 cm (Medium Bed- MB) and 180 cm (Wide Bed-WB)), with controlled traffic regime emplaced, in comparison with traditional intensive cultivated flat basin (FB) for evaluating impacts on soil, crop and water productivity. The results showed reduced bulk density by 7%, 6% and 5% and increased hydraulic conductivity by ...
Sadiq Hussain, Muhammad Sharif, Sarmad Khan, Fazli Wahid, Hina Nihar, Wiqar Ahmad, Imran Khan, Nadeem Haider and Tabassum Yaseen
...n yield and P uptake of wheat. The experiment was carried out in Completely Randomized Design replicated four times during season 2014-15. Phosphorus (P) was applied at recommended level of 90 kg ha-1. Vermicompost was used as a source of P on the basis of its P concentration. The recommended dose of N @ 120 kg ha-1 was applied in the form of vermicompost and urea, while K was applied in the form of sulphate of potash. Spores of mycorrhiza were isolated from f...
Irfan Ullah and Abbas Ullah Jan
...bles, sugar, beverages, wheat and wheat flour, rice, other cereals, pulses, oil and fats, tea and coffee, backed products and other food. Economic factors such as food commodities price and household’s income and their socio-economic and demographic characteristics are included in the model. Results indicate that with an increase in the age, household consume more of meat, fruit, wheat
Ambreena Hafiz1, Tanzeela Riaz2 and Farah Rauf Shakoori1*
...ranairum collected from wheat godowns of Gujranwala, Okara and D.G khan has been studied in current investigation. The toxicological data generated from deltamethrin-resistant populations was compared with deltamethrin-susceptible population that has not been exposed to any insecticide since thirteen years. From analysis of metabolic profile, it was found that soluble proteins, glucose contents and free amino acids increased, whereas glycogen and lipid content...
Zafar Waheed, Khalid Usman, Iftikhar Ali
...oblematic weed found in wheat crop. The study was conducted to investigate the competitive effects of Rumex dentatus sown at varying densities in association with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under field conditions. The experiment was conducted at Agronomic Research Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan in randomized complete block design having three replications during 2013-2014. The treatments c...
Muhammad Shafiq and Tahir Maqsood
...to notice the return of wheat crop to model based applied fertilizer B. For this idea, B adsorption isotherm of the soil was developed at the Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, during 2013-14. Adsorption procedure was done by harmonizing 2.5g soil in 0.01M CaCl2 solution having diverse B doses (0, 0.01, 0.03 , 0.05 , 0.07, 0.09, 0.11, 0.13,0.15 and 0.17 mg B L-1). Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption models were ...
Muhammad Saeed* and Iftikhar Hussain Khalil
...ions....
Fida Mohammad, O.S. Abdalla, Sheraz Ahmed, Fakharuddin and S. Rajaram
...Synthetic derived bread wheat is considered to be a rich source of resistant genes for stresses including drought and rusts. To evaluate the grain yield and related yield components of synthetic derived bread wheat lines under different moisture levels, this research was conducted during 2006-07 in the field conditions of Tel Hadya and Breda i.e. the leading research venues of International Center for Agricultural Research i...
Muhammad Jamal Nasir, Anwar Saeed Khan, Said Alam and Saeed Akhtar
...arket farming i.e. from wheat to vegetable and sugarcane. The yield per acre of almost every crop grown has been increased, which considerably increased the crop revenue. Due to availability of irrigation water, the current fallow in both the Rabi (winter cropping) and Kharif (summer cropping) has decreased with matching increase in area net sown. The study suggests that mouza has capacity for further increase in cropping intensity and cultivated land, if inno...
Sheraz Ahmad Khan and Ghulam Hassan
...yield related traits in wheat. For all the studied traits, mean squares showed the presence of significant variation (p≤0.01) among the genotypes. Heritability estimates were observed high (h2˃0.60) for all the traits. The highest heritability (0.93) was noticed in plant height followed by flag leaf area (0.89). The values of genetic advance were recorded low to moderate for all parameters. Grain yield was observed to have positive significant associat...
Aqila Shaheen and Nadia Sabir
...fertilizers on yield of wheat-maize cropping systems in the erosion-vulnerable sub-humid area. Treatments included tillage levels i.e. ST (shallow tillage), STR (shallow tillage with residues), DT (deep tillage) and DTR (deep tillage with residues). Sub plots had three fertilizer’s levels viz. F1 (control), F2 (inorganic fertilizers) and F3 (farm yard manure; FYM+ inorganic fertilizers). Deep tillage increased w
Zamarud Shah, Safdar Hussain Shah, Asad Jan and Gul Shad Ali
...ferent abiotic stresses, heat stress has the most devastating impact on plant growth. Heat shock transcription factors are known to play an important role in regulating heat stress in plants. Tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana) was transformed with heat shock transcription factor HsfA1d by transfecting leaf discs with Agrobacterium strain GV3101 carrying Ca...
S. Bushra1,*, M. Tariq1, M. Naeem1, M. Ashfaq1, I. Bodlah1 and M. Ali2
... polyphagous and damage wheat, oilseeds, vegetables and fruit crops. This study was carried out to observe the effect of plant extracts and semiochemicals on physiology and performance of endoparasitoid of aphids, Diaeretiella rapae. Seven different treatments of semiochemicals and plant extract were applied on aphid pests, Sitobion avenae and Rhopalosiphum padi and parasitoid was released. The data regarding emergence, parasitism, sex rat...
Zafrullah Khan1, Shah Alam Khan1*, Hamayoon Khan2, Naeem Khan3, Khwaja Junaid1 and Inamullah Khan1
...>) is a serious pest of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crop and causes significant production losses to the wheat crop in Pakistan. So far eight genes from the conventional wheat cultivars that are resistant to the attack of R. padi have been incorporated in the commercial wheat cultivars to help manage R. padi. During this study seven...
Tanzeela Riaz1, Farah Rauf Shakoori2* and Syed Shahid Ali3
...sphine for 15 years) of wheat grain pest, Trogoderma granarium collected from various storage facilities of Punjab, Pakistan viz., Mandi Bahauddin-I, Mandi Bahauddin-II, Gujrat, Gujranwala and Sargodha. The activities of all esterases tested were significantly increased in all field collected phosphine-tolerant populations when compared with phosphine-susceptible population. Among developmental stages, the 4th instar larvae possessed h...
Jun Cui, Xiaoxu Zhou, Zhicheng Wang, Derong Kong, Xuemei Qiu, Hongdi Wang and Xiuli Wang*
...er of crucian carp after heat stress, suggesting that increase in Wap65 gene may be related to high water temperature stress and play important roles in high water temperature environment of crucian carp.
...
Adel Eid Mohamed Mahmoud*
...replace yellow corn and wheat bran in the concentrate feed mixtures on digestibility, blood and ruminal parameters, growth performance, meat analysis and feed intake of growing lambs. Fifty one Barki lambs with body weight of 30±0.57 kg; in three groups (17 animals, each). Experimental rations were composed of concentrate and clover hay in a 60:40 concentrate: roughage ratio.There was no effect of bakery by-products inclusion on nutrients digestibility ...
Sanaullah Jalil*, Asim Hayat, Abid Majeed, Syed Haider Abbas, Muhammad Noman, Muhammad Imran Kasana and Muhammad Mazhar Hussain
...ch was conducted during wheat cropping season of year 2010 and 2011 and it consisted of determination of the residual effect of six treatments (T0 = control without rock phosphate & farmyard manure, T1= rock phosphate @150 kg P2O5 per hectare, T2 = FYM @5 tons per hectare, T3 = RP @100 kg P2O5 per hectare+ FYM @5 tons per hectare, E0 = without effective microbes and E1= EM-Biozote @ 50 l ha-1) on yield parametrs of wheat...
Abdus-Subhan1, Qudratullah Khan1, Muhammad Mansoor2, Muhammad Jamil Khan1, Ammanullah2, Matiullah Khan3
...r Use Efficiency (WUE), wheat yield and economics, a field experiment was carried out at Arid Zone Research Center, Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwah Province, Pakistan, during rabi season of 2014-15 and 2015-16. The experiment was laid in randomized complete block (RCB) design with split plot arrangement keeping pulverization viz. single tiller P1, double tiller P2, triple tiller P3 and mould board plow P4 follo...
Sitansu Pan and Amrita Das
Population proliferation and spread of Trichoderma spp. in soil under two different delivery systems
... seed based (sterilized wheat seed) inocula. The population proliferation and spread of the antagonists were faster when they were applied through organic based inoculums over that of seed based inoculums from the point of application. Similarly population proliferation and spread of the antagonist was more rapid in sterilized soil followed by solarised soil and natural soil respectively. Among the two species of Trichoderma, T. harzianum have spread faster th...
M. S. A. Mamun and M. Ahmed
Integrated pest management in tea: prospects and future strategies in Bangladesh
...sms like manual removal, heat treatments, light traps, use of bio-pesticides, bio-control agents and sex pheromone trap need to be given more importance in pest management programme. A tentative IPM strategy for tea cultivation in Bangladesh has been proposed in this paper. Thus the proposed integrated pest management (IPM) strategy should help tea industry for successful long lasting plantations which will ensure consistent crop with much care but lesser cost...
Goutam Mondal
Plant growth promoting activity of some indigenous Tricho-derma isolates and their field performance against sheath blight of rice in old alluvial zone of North Bengal
...23.14%) and reduce rice sheath blight disease incidence (46.32% to 70.54%) over check plot significantly. Again, the efficacy of the biocontrol agents was significantly greater in the block with green manured than the block without green manured. Application of hexaconazol 5% EC@ 2.0 ml litre-1 and carbendazim 50% WP @ 1.0 ml litre-1 also reduced the sheath blight disease incidence by 53.25% and 56.86% over the check plot re...
A. Sajeena and T. Marimuthu
Efficacy, stability and persistence of Ganosol, a Ganoderma based fungicide against plant pathogens
...lture technique against sheath blight pathogen of rice was developed as an emulsifiable concentrate. The formulation of 10EC at 0.25% was standardized as the best emulsifiable concentration for use against the pathogen. The pre inoculation spray of the formulation was observed to produce 63.62% reduction in lesion height caused by the sheath blight pathogen. Two isoforms of poly phenol oxidase, PPO 1 and PPO 3 were observed ...
A. K. Ganguly and Uma Rao
Decades of researches in biochemical and molecular nematology at IARI
...de and molya disease of wheat. Currently attempts are being made to utilize RNAi technology to identify the genes targets for the management of root knot and cyst nematodes. In this paper some of the success stories of the technology developed by the scientists at IARI are discussed.
...
Muhammad Mansoor, Zaigham Abbas and Nageen Husssain*
...ction commonly found in wheat grains, associated with food related disorders and a number of autoimmune diseases. We hypothesized that gluten containing diet would further exacerbate an already undergoing arbitrary immune reaction in SLE patients. Pristane was injected in female BALB/c mice to induce the disease. After five months, mice in various groups were treated with prednisone and fed with gluten containing and standard diet for four weeks and applied pr...
Freeha John, Noor Abid Saeed*, Sajid Nadeem and Muhammad Hamed
...="text-align: justify;">Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an important cereal crop in Pakistan. An aphid complex feeds and signifcantly decrease the grain yield in wheat crop. Field experiment was conducted at NIAB, Faisalabad to evaluate the use of the planting time and the insecticide sprays for managing aphids to avoid losses to grain yield. During the crop season in year 2015-16, wheat
Azhar Abbas Khan1,*, Arif Muhammad Khan2 and Muhammad Afzal3
...the combinations except wheat with aphids (3.8889±0.4554). The fresh leaves of rose, citrus, brassica and wheat (1.2±0.2006, 1.3556±0.1416, 1.5778±0.1829, 2.1444±0.2027, respectively) attracted significantly more numbers of C. septempunctata as compared to control and aphids alone (0.7667±0.1204 and 0.8333±0.1153). With every next hour (3, 6 and 12 h) of observation the...
Shahid Iqbal Khattak1*, Mohammad Safdar Baloch1, Khalid Naveed2 and Ejaz Ahmad Khan1
... Pakistan” during wheat crop season of 2013-14. The major aims of the study were to test the effect and economics of soil vs. foliar applied nitrogen fertilizer and nitrogen use efficiency on wheat variety Hashim-08. The experimental trial was conducted following RCB design with three replications. Fertilizer applications (foliar and soil) were assigned to main plots, while nitrogen levels 0, 24, 36, 48, 60 and 120 kg ...
Khurram Shahzad and Mohammad Akmal*
...="text-align: justify;">Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is major food crop of Pakistan. The soil status of Pakistan is relatively poor in N and organic matter contents. Because of changing rainfall patterns due to changes in the weather conditions and/or climatic change responses observed in the world, the split application of N is beneficial to the crops in terms to avoid N-mobility in the soil and improve its use efficiency for crops. This study, therefore, aim...
Dilshad Ahmad*, Muhammad Irfan Chani and Asad Afzal Humayon
...ilability will increase wheat 138.2kg to 185 kg, rice 36.2kg to 50.8kg and maize 26.8kg to 43.5kg for forecasted population 188 million to 258.4 million from 2014 to 2035. Food security and sustainable agriculture growth are conceivable through proper and feasible policy measures by policymakers to revamp their strategies accordingly....
Aftab Wajid1, Ashfaq Ahmad1, Muhammad Awais2, Muhammad Habib-ur-Rahman3*, M. Aown Sammar Raza2, Usman Bashir2, Muhammad Naveed Arshad1, Sana Ullah4, Muhammad Irfan5 and Umair Gull1
...and NIAB-111) in Cotton-Wheat cropping system of Punjab under arid climate of Multan and response of different nitrogen (N) increments (50, 100, 150 and 200 kg N ha-1) for efficient and effective resource (nitrogen) utilization. The study was conducted in Multan during cotton growing season in 2014. Cultivars as well as nitrogen increments significantly contributed to the related traits of cotton growth, seed cotton yield and yield attributes. Increasing N inc...
A. Hamid1,*, M. Ilyas2 and S. Kalsoom3
...ose) was extracted from wheat and maize, while ß glucan was extracted from barley and sorghum. Male rats (n = 32), weighing 200-220 g were induced with hypercholesterolemia and were equally divided into 5 groups to study the effect of purified diet-AIN-93 G, wheat bran feed (WBF) , maize bran feed (MBF), sorghum ß glucan feed (SGF) and barley ß glucan feed (BGF) on plasma total cholesterol (TPC), very low d...
Vladimir Avdalovic1, Marijana Vucinic2, Radmila Resanovic3, Jelena Avdalovic4, Danka Maslic-Strizak5 and Milos Vucicevic3*
... to replace the chopped wheat straw with newly formulated pelleted straw taking into account the prevalence and severity of footpad dermatitis (FPD) in broiler chickens. The study included 300 one-day-old Ross 308 broilers. One group of broilers was reared on chopped wheat straw (the particle length of straw ≥ 10 cm). The second group was kept on newly formulated pelleted wheat straw. T...
Murad Ali1, Farmanullah Khan1, Wiqar Ahmad2* and Imran Khan1
...nt was conducted during wheat season 2014-15 on a selected water eroded site in District Swabi. Fourteen treatments viz the control (T1), recommended dose (RD) (120:90:60 kg ha-1 N: P2O5: K2O. T2), four combinations of farmyard manure (FYM) i.e 20, 15, 10 and 5 t ha-1 with 0, 25, 50, 75% of the RD (T3, T4, T5, T6, respectively), four combinations of poultry manure (PM) i.e. 10, 7.5, 5 and 2.5 t ha-1 with 0, 25, 50, 75% of the RD (T7, T8, T9, T10, respectively)...
Rahat Naseer1*, Abu Saeed Hashmi1, Zulfiqar-ul-Hassan2, H. Rehman1, Saima Naveed1, F. Masood1 and M. Tayyab1
...xplore its potential as wheat bran replacer in total mixed rations for the ruminants. For this purpose rice husk was subjected to different processing techniques using acid, alkali, water treatment and fermentation to prepare processed moiety on pilot scale. All these processed materials were included in experimental ration at a fixed level (20 %). All iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous rations were offered to experimental animals (n=36, 22 male 14 female Lohi sh...
Attaullah Khan1, Muhammad Shafi1*, Jehan Bakht2 and Shazma Anwar1
...on growth characters of Wheat varieties” was carried out at Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), The University of Agriculture, Peshawar during winter 2013-2014. The experiment was conducted in completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. The response of fourteen wheat varieties at two seed treatments (primed with 50 mM CaCl2 and un-primed) with four salinity levels (0, 45, 90, 135 ...
Muhammad Ibrahim1,2*, Syed Jawad Ahmad Shah1, Shaukat Hussain2, Musharaf Ahmad2 and Farhatullah3
...t important diseases of wheat in many parts of the world including Pakistan. Surveillance for yellow rust occurrence, distribution and impact on wheat landscape was carried out along with recent deployment status of cultivars during 2012 in northwest Pakistan located close to the center of diversity of P. striiformis f.sp. tritici. Around 1600 wheat fields were sampled covering a geographi...
Kamran A. Awan1, Jawad Ali2 and Mohammad Akmal3
...erature has to rise for wheat growth in Pakistan. Wheat crop is planted on more than 52% area as rainfed crop in the providence Khyber Pakhtunkhuwa (KP). The study, therefore, aims to plant wheat in season from early to late i.e. November 15 to December 25 with about 10 days intervals. Field experiment was conducted at Agronomy Research Farm, the University of Agriculture Peshawar in winte...
Naila Chand1,*, Shabana Naz2, Hamza Maris1, Rifat Ullhah Khan1, Sarzamin Khan1 and Muhammad Subhan Qureshi1
...ased immunity were under heat stress condition.
...
Mushtaq Ahmad1,*, Mehboob Ahmed1,2 and Nasim Ahmad1
...line (PBS), Protocol II (heating effect during incubation in tampon solution); smears were immersed in tampon either at room temperature or at 60oC, Protocol III (concentration of dye in staining solution); slides were stained with 1, 5, 200, 500, or 1000µg/mL solution. The slides were observed, intensity of staining and debris presence in samples. The debris presence was reduced (P<0.05) due to washing of semen sample. Intensity of stainin...
Mian Ahmad Raza*, Ghulam Hassan and Naqib Ullah Khan
...iallel mating design in wheat at Peshawar Pakistan. Eight wheat genotypes viz. Janbaz (JNB), Fakhr-i-Sarhad (FS), Pirsabak 2005 (PS), AUP-5008 (AUP), Saleem 2000 (S2K), Tatara (TTR), Barsat (BST) and Siren (SRN) were crossed in all possible combinations during 2011-12 cropping season. The resultant F1 hybrids were planted following a randomized complete block design using three replications in the subsequent w
Aqsa Qayyum1*, Masooma Munir1, Saeeda Raza1, Mussarat Gillani1, Saima Kanwal1, Nouman Rashid1, Amer Mumtaz1, Naeem Safdar1, Zarmina Gillani2
...e flour by substituting wheat flour with pea flour at different levels and to check its suitability in biscuits through its rheological and qualitative study. Results indicated rheological parameters including water absorption, dough development time, dough stability, gluten content and falling no. values differed significantly (p < 0.01) among all the treatments of composite flour. Wet and dry gluten content decreased from 22.16 ± 1.58 % (T0
Abdus Subhan1, Qudrat Ullah Khan1, Muhammad Mansoor2 and M. Jamil Khan1
... and response of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) crop to organic and inorganic fertilizers on a heavy textured soil. The treatments used in the experiment include compost @5 t ha-1, cattle manure @ 5 t ha-1, compost + cattle manure each @ 2.5 t ha-1, NPK @ 150:120: 90 and control (without amendments), replicated four times. The results revealed that organic and inorganic amendments, irrespective of their kind and combinations, exerted significant (p≤0.0...
Hassan Hashim Ghalib, Syed Attaullah Shah*, Abbas Ullan Jan and Ghaffar Ali
...erature and rainfall on wheat growers’ net-return in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province of Pakistan. Data for this purpose are collected from 255 wheat growers, selected from Southern, Central and Northern climatic zones of KP. Results from descriptive statistical analysis demonstrate that net-return per acre from wheat crop is highest in the Central zone because of conducive agro-clim...
Zaheer Abbas*, Shaukat Ali, Jalal-Ud-Din and Ghulam M. Ali*
...n co-cultivation medium, heat shock to immature embryos prior to infection, resting stage and Agrobacterium strains that deliver T-DNA into plant cell from which whole plant can be regenerated. The results indicated that optimal embryo physiological age is 15 and 18 days after pollination and transient transformation efficiency decreased at 22 days after pollination. Enhanced transient beta glucuronidase (GUS) expression with average frequency of 40.56% was no...
Estimation of Heritability, Genetic Advance and Correlation for Marphological Traits in Spring Wheat
Arshad Iqbal1*, Iftikhar Hussain Khalil1, Syed Mehar Ali Shah1 and Muhammad Sharif Kakar2
...d using a set of spring wheat genotypes to estimate heritability for various plant traits during crop season 2014-15 at the University of Agriculture, Peshawar. The randomized complete block design with three replications was used in the experiment. Data were recorded on yield and some other important plant traits like days to heading (days), days to maturity (days), flag leaf area (cm2), spike length (cm), grains spike-1 (no.), grains weight spike-1 (g), biol...
Sikandar Hayat, Khalid Usman* and Muhammad Tahir Amin
...method for zero tillage wheat at Agronomic Research Area, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan (D. I. Khan), Pakistan in 2015-2016 wheat growing season. The experimental design was randomized complete block with split plot arrangement replicated thrice. Four row-spacing i.e., 10, 20, 30, and 40cm were assigned to main-plots while N fertilizer application methods (broadcast and placement) were kept in su...
Mahreen Yahya, Noor Abid Saeed*, Sajid Nadeem, Muhammad Hamed and Sajid Shokat
... grain yield.
...
Mubashir Hussain1,Safdar Ali1, Muhammad Naveed Tahir1, Ghulam Abbas Shah1, Ijaz Ahmad2*, Muhammad Aqeel Sarwar3 and Sohail Latif4
...perimental field before wheat sowing from 0-10 cm, 11-20 cm and 21-30 cm soil depth. Two soil weed seed bank determination techniques were compared viz., sieving method and seedling emergence method. The data were collected on the seed density m-2, seed frequency, diversity of weed species and relative importance value. The input and output data was also collected to find out the socioeconomic feasibility of the techniques. The comparative analysis ...
Inayatullah Jan*, Sajid Khan, Noor Paio Khan and Muhammad Ashfaq
...the major crops such as wheat, maize, and sugarcane and the resultant income of the respondents exhibited significant increase, as confirmed by higher t-values. The study concludes that the socio-economic conditions of the farmers can be improved if credit programme is extended which could benefit all farmers in the area. ...
Muhammad Asad1, Safdar Ali1, Muhammad Ramzan Ansar2, Ijaz Ahmad3*, Muhammad Suhaib4 and Muhammad Khubaib Abuzar5
...="text-align: justify;">Wheat is the main cereal crop and a staple food in Pakistan. It is an important cereal crop of Potohar region. Weeds infestation is a major cause of low wheat yield. Synthetic herbicides are mostly used to control weeds. A field experiment was conducted to investigate the Chemical control of broad-leaved weeds in wheat at the Koont Research Farm, PMAS-Arid Agricultu...
Rafiullah*, Muhammad Jamal Khan and Dost Muhammad
... Agriculture, Peshawar. Wheat (cv. Atta Habib-2010) seeds were first germinated in sand culture and then three weeks old seedlings (7.5 cm) were transferred to water tubs containing Hoagland solution without P. The treatments included 0, 18, 36, 72, 144 and 216 mM as KH2PO4 solution foliarly applied three times with one week intervals starting after two weeks of seedlings transplantation. Each treatment unit consisted of 10 seedlings arranged in CR design with...
Tanzeela Riaz1, Farah Rauf Shakoori2,* and Syed Shahid Ali3
...e protein contents of a wheat grain pest, Trogoderma granarium collected from godowns of Punjab, Pakistan. Six populations of khpara beetle with different levels of susceptibility to phosphine were used in this study. Based on LC50, five populations (previously exposed to phosphine for 15 years)viz., Mandi Bahauddin-I (MBDIN-I), Mandi Bahauddin-II (MBDIN-II), Gujrat, Gujranwala and Sargodha were labeled as phosphine-tolerant population...
Safdar Ali1*, Ghulam Abbas Shah1, Muhammad Naveed Tahir1, Shahid Mehmood2, Asim Gulzar3 , Ijaz Ahmad4 and Bashir Ahmad Khan5
...orosity associated with wheat grain yield were evaluated. Seven tillage treatments were applied in the fallow periods (summer seasons) of both years before sowing of wheat crop. These tillage treatments were (i) Once Mould board plowing followed by 8 cultivations with planker (1 MBP + 8 CS) as a check, (ii) No-till followed by twice application of glyphosate herbicide (NT + GH), (iii) Once Mould board plowing followed by twi...
Malak Atiq Ullah Khan* and Fida Mohammad
...and yield components of wheat. Eighty-one wheat genotypes were evaluated under nine environments within Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan during 2013/14, 2014/15 and 2015/16 cropping seasons. Combined analyses of variance for G and GEI were significant for almost all traits. Significant GEI suggested that the performance of genotypes was not consistent across environments, revealing strong influence of environments. Generally, GE...
Qingying Jia1, Hui Wang1, Tianhong Wang1, Na Dong1, Shuguang Ren1,2, Xiaolong Yang1, Jingze Liu1,* and Zhijun Yu1,3,*
...old and low tolerance to heat.
...
Sajid Muhammad* and Fida Mohammad
Niamat Ullah Khan1*, Abdul Aziz Khakwani2, Sami Ullah2, Najeeb Ullah2, Abdur Rauf3 and Inam Ullah2
Waqas Liaqat1, Mohammad Akmal1* and Jawad Ali
...une in the region after Wheat or Berseem harvesting has a significant decrease (p<0.05) in production. Nonetheless, sowing made in August is unable to mature grains properly. The yield losses rate relatively expands from July 15 onwards for maize in Peshawar valley. Sowing maize later from June month in season is superior to opt for hybrid maize variety SB-909 and SB-92K97 in the Peshawar region. ...
Imran Khan*, Zahir Shah, Wiqar Ahmad, Farmanullah Khan and Muhammad Sharif
...tilizers application to wheat crop on organic matter, micro-nutrient status and physical properties of soil at the NDF Farm, the University of Agriculture, Peshawar during 2015-16. The study was planned in RCB split plot design with fertilizers; control (Farmer’s practices, FP, 60-45 N-P2O5 kg ha-1), NPK recommended dose (RD, 120:90:60 N:P2O5:K2O kg ha-1), 5, 10, 15 and 20 t FYM alone (FYM5,10,15,20) and 5, 10 and 15 t ha-1 FYM in combination with 75, 50...
Muhammad Ijaz Khan* and Amanullah Jan
...manure (10000 kg ha-1), wheat straw as crop residue (10000 kg ha-1) and two levels of humic acid (2 and 4 kg ha-1), alone and in combinations with gypsum (1000 kg ha-1) as inorganic soil conditioner were applied a week before sowing of maize. Design used was randomized complete block with split plot arrangement replicated thrice. Experimental site was Agronomy Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar. Irrigations regimes were subjected to main plo...
Aqsa Waqar1, Sahir Hameed Khattak2, Sania Begum2*, Tayyaba Rehman1, Rabia1, Armghan Shehzad2, Wajya Ajmal2, Syeda Shahdana Zia2, Iqra Siddiqi2 and Ghulam Muhammad Ali2*
...="text-align: justify;">Wheat is the most essential food used by nearly 40% of the total population of the world. Yellow or stripe rust (produced by Puccinia striiformis), is a globally significant disease of wheat. Stripe rust was primarily considered a disease of cooler climate (2°C - 15°C), upper altitudes and northern latitudes, but current epidemics of the disease have confronted this supposition because fresh ...
Shahid Iqbal1*, Amir Nawaz Khan2, Mushtaq Ahmad Jadoon3 and Intikhab Alam3
...rence in the area under wheat, maize and vegetables after the flood. At the same time, the area under sugarcane and fodder had also decreased to some extent. Similarly, the use of chemical fertilizers and farm yard manure was also decreased due to decrease in the income of the households after the floods-2010 while an increase, though non-significant, was reported with respect to use of agricultural chemicals. The floods-2010 has also had adverse effects on cr...
Muhammad Aqeel Sarwar1*, Abid Ali2, Manzoor Hussain2, Saadia3, Muhammad Khubaib Abuzar4, Ijaz Ahmad5 and Sohail Latif6
...he yield and quality of wheat. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with factorial arrangement by using three replications. Treatments included different fertilizers combinations i.e (F1) control, (F2)100% recommended dose of NPK, (F3) 75% recommended dose of NPK + 1.5 t ha-1 poultry manure(PM), (F4) 75% of recommended dose of NPK +3 t ha-1 farmyard manure (FYM)...
Zahid Akram, Saif Ullah Ajmal, Ghulam Shabbir, Muhammad Munir and Nasir Mahmood Cheema
INHERITANCE MECHANISM OF SOME YIELD COMPONENTS IN BREAD WHEAT
...eld components in bread wheat. The different yield related traits estimated were spike length, number of spikelets spike-1, number of grains spike-1, 1000 grain weight and grain yield plant-1. The analysis of variance depicted that 56 F1 and their parents were significantly different for all the parameters. Uniformity of Wr-Vr over arrays as well as significant deviation of regression coefficient (b) from unity confirmed the suitability of additive-dominance m...
Muhammad Naeem Safdar, Khalid Naseem, Muhammad Amjad, Amer Mumtaz and Saeeda Raza*
...Two hundred and seventy wheat grain samples were collected from nine different regions of Punjab and analyzed for physicochemical characteristics during 2006 to 2008. The quality parameters studied were test weight, 1000 kernel weight, foreign matter (non-edible and edible), broken/shrunken grains, damaged grains, moisture, ash, protein (N x 5.7), wet and dry gluten, falling number, and minerals (copper, manganese, iron, zinc). It was observed that w
A. R. Rattu, M. Fayyaz, I. Ahmad, M. A. Akhtar* A. A. Hakro and K. A. Khanzada**
...omising candidate bread wheat lines of National Uniform Wheat Yield Trial, 2004-05 were evaluated against stripe and leaf rust at multilocations in different agro-ecological zones of the country presenting hot spots for leaf and yellow rust along with artificial inoculation with prevalent pathotypes. These candidate lines were undergoing mandatory testing to develop varieties for irrigated and rainfed areas of Pakistan. Out ...
Naheed Akhtar, Azra Nasim*, Ata ul Mohsin**, Muhammad Ashfaque, Shaheena Yasmin, Ghulam Jilani, Afzala Tashfeen, Waseem Ahmed Gilani, Irshad Begum* and Muhammad Munir***
...sp;Susceptibility of 20 wheat lines/varieties was studied against wheat aphid Rhopalosiphum padi L. In seedling bulk tests, the germplasm under study was grouped into three categories i.e., resistant, moderately resistant and susceptible. Data from seedling bulk tests showed that five wheat lines namely V- 01078, V-00055, KT-7, V-01180 and DN-47 were resistant with damage rating of 2- 3. T...
Ata-ul-Mohsin*, Ehsan-ul-Haq** and Muhammad Naeemullah*
...o a partially resistant wheat cultivar “Rapier” did not have a significant effect on the growth and development of the aphid or its parasitoid. However, the mean fecundity of the parasitoid was higher on plants with high phosphorus than those treated with high calcium concentrations....
Naheed Akhtar, Noreen Moin, Ghulam Jilani*, Ata ul Mohsin**, Shaheena Yasmin, Afzala Tashfeen*, Munir Goraya**** and Irshad Begum*
...istance, twelve rainfed wheat varieties/ lines of National Uniform Wheat Yield Trials (NUWYT) 2004-05 were used. Among the tested germplasm (one variety and 11 lines of wheat), V-5 line was found resistant and NRL-2017 line was found susceptible to Rhopalosiphum padi. The results of Antixenosis Test indicated that two wheat lines, V-5 and PR-83 were leas...
Mohammad Aslam*
...="text-align: justify;">Wheat autarky has been an elusive goal for Pakistan since independence. The shortage in domestic production is met through imports for which valuable foreign exchange has to be earmarked. On the other hand, Pakistan has been a sizeable net exporter of rice. An effort has been made in the present paper to probe the possibility of attaining food autarky through a partial substitution of wheat with rice ...
Zaheer Ahmad, M. Yaqub Mujahid, M. Anwar Khan, Shaheena Yasmin, M. Asif and Maqsood Qamar*
...="text-align: justify;">Wheat breeding efforts conducted at NARC, Islamabad have resulted in the development of a wheat variety suited for rainfed areas of Pakistan. NR-268 was selected from an exotic germplasm nursery (INQYT 2003-04) received from CIMMYT, Mexico. It was evaluated for five years in different trials. It was first tested in advance yield trial conducted at NARC, then in Micro Yield Trials conducted at nine loc...
Sidra Majeed, Shahid Ahmad*, Asif Ali Bhatti** and Ghazanfar Abbas***
...justify;"> Organic wheat production was initiated at the National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC) during 1998-1999. Data of wheat grown using chemical fertilizers for the same period were obtained for wheat productivity from the Farm Operations and Services (FOS) crop registers. Water productivity of barani organic desi wheat (C591) grown at NAR...
Khalid Mahmood Aujla, Sajida Taj*, Khalid Mahmood** and Nadeem Akmal*
...="text-align: justify;">Wheat is the main staple diet of the people of Pakistan. There were different views for wheat yield decline and crisis in the country during 2007- 08. To assess the wheat situation and compare wheat production practices to identify the major factors of yield decline, a national level field survey was conducted during June 2008 by ...
Naheed Akhtar, Muhammad Ashfaque, Waseem Ahmad Gillani*, Ata-ul-Mohsin**, Afzala Tashfeen and Irshad Begum*
...asm of National Uniform Wheat Yield Trials (Normal) (2003-04) were screened against Rhopalosiphum padi L., bird cherry oat aphid at National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad. Twenty National Uniform Wheat Yield Trials (NUWYT), Normal and 12 (NUWYT) rainfed varieties/ lines were evaluated for seedling bulk test to know the resistant, moderately resistant and susceptible wheat varieti...
Sikander Khan Tanveer, Shaheena Yasmin, Imtiaz Hussain, M.Yaqub Mujahid*, Muhammad Munir and Muhammad Asif**
...n quality parameters of wheat. Nutrient treatments included full fertilizer NP (100:100:00), full fertilizer NP + FYM (100:100:20), half- fertilizer NP (50:50:00), half- fertilizer NP + FYM (50:50:20), FYM only (00:00:20) and control (00:00:00). N & P were applied in kg ha-1 and FYM in t ha-1. Wheat variety, Chakwal-86 was planted in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. Because of different com...
Zafar Khokhar*, Imtiaz Hussain**, Badruddin Khokhar* and Muhammad Sohail**
... in linear reduction in wheat grain yield. A study was undertaken to determine the effects of planting dates on growth and yield of different wheat genotypes in Sindh. The trial was laid out in RCBD with split plot arrangement having four replications during 2000-01 and 2001-02 at Sakrand, Sindh. Four sowing dates i.e. November 1 and 15, December 1 and 15 were in main plots, whereas six wheat<...
Badaruddin Khokhar*, Imtiaz Hussain** and Zafar Khokhar*
...th stages could improve wheat yield significantly. A study was conducted during 2000–2002 to determine effect of different irrigation levels on growth and yield of different wheat genotypes in the province of Sindh. The trial was laid out in split block design at Wheat Research Institute, Sindh, Sakrand, in which four irrigation treatments I3 (irrigation at crown root, booting and so...
Rahmat Ullah Khan, Abdur Rashid*, Mohammad Sohail Khan** and Erdogan Ozturk***
...on the yield of rainfed wheat crop (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Naseer) at the research farm of Arid Zone Research Institute, Dera Ismail Khan during two successive winter seasons, 2007-08 and 2008-09. The treatments consisted of HA alone (3 kg ha-1 or 1.5 kg ha-1) and in combination with full (60:40 kg ha-1) and half (30:20 kg ha-1) the recommended rates of NP fertilizers. Results showed that in the first growing season (2007-08), the combination of 3 kg ha-1 HA...
Abid Hussain*, Imdad Hussain Mirza and Muhammad Azeem Khan**
... ber (Zizyphus) leaves, wheat and mustard fodders in winter season and ber leaves, sorghum and bajra fodders in summer. Groundnut and wheat straws were main dry fodder. Wheat grains, oil seed cakes, wheat bran (choker), grams and left over dry breads were the concentrates fed to goats. On the whole about 30% metabolizable energy requirements of non-milki...
Oguz Bilgin, Kayihan Z. Korkut, Alpay Balkan, and Ismet Baser*
... hybrids of seven durum wheat cultivars, and to investigate the performance and relationship of F1 hybrids and parents for the spike characters and to select suitable parents and population for designing an effective wheat breeding programme. Highly significant genetic variability was present in parents and their genetic combinations for the characters. The degree and direction of heterosis varied for different characters an...
Muhammad Azeem Khan*, Abid Hussain, Irfan Mehmood and Sonila Hassan **
...significant (except for wheat crop at Attock). This means that an increase in rainfall contribute positively towards area under major crops and their production and vice-versa. Farmers perceived a major change in climate at Kohat and a minor change at Attock over time. They reported unsustainability in production practices at Kohat and water management practices at both sites. Main strategies adopted by the farmers to mitigate the effects of climate change wer...
Asad Sultan1, Sahal Ahmad1, Sarzamin Khan1, Rifat Ullah Khan2,*, Naila Chand1, Muhammad Tahir3 and Shakoor Ahmad2
...nishing stage exposed to heat stress (HS). Two hundred and seventy broiler chicks were randomly assigned to 6 dietary groups: three dietary groups in thermoneutral temperature (TN) and three dietary groups under high temperature. One group of birds received a basal diet only (control group), second group of birds received a diet supplemented with silymarin at the level of 10g/kg and third group of birds received a diet supplemented with ZnO at the level of 60 ...
Umair Riaz*1, Zafar Abbas1, Qamar uz Zaman2, Muhammad Mubashir1, Mahwish Jabeen2, Syed Ali Zulqadar1, Zeenat Javeed1, Saeed-ur-Rehman1, Muhammad Ashraf1 and Muhammad Javid Qamar1
... The highest cotton and wheat yield on average basis was recorded in union council Goth Gani as compared to all areas while lowest cotton yield was observed in union council Mari Sheikh Sajra. In the light of above findings it is inevitable to treat the ground water with gypsum stones, dilution with canal water and growing of salt tolerant crops. It is necessary to manage the soil structure on sustainable basis for obtaining optimum crop yield.
...
Imtiaz Hussain*, Hassnain Shah, M. Azeem Khan, Waqar Akhtar**, Abdul Majid*** and M. Yaqub Mujahid*
Corresponding author:izhussain@yahoo.com
PRODUCTIVITY IN RICE-WHEAT CROP ROTATION OF PUNJAB: AN APPLICATION OF TYPICAL FARM METHODOLOGY
...n: justify;"> Rice-wheat cropping is among one of the most extensive systems in Pakistan and nearly three-fifth of this area falls in the Punjab province. The continuous sequential cropping has observed problem of stagnation of the rice-wheat productivity. The rational thinking urges to diagnose the problems of the area explaining the cause and effect scenario of the system. Descriptive analysis is conducted on the data...
Akhlaq Ahmad, M. Anwar Arain*, Rahila Nazli**, Syed Anser Rizvi***,
Mubarik Ahmed* and Farzana Ibrahim****
Corresponding author: dr.akhlaqahmad@yahoo.com
COST EFFECTIVENESS OF UNDER-SHEET AND WHOLE GODOWN FUMIGATION OF BAGGED WHEAT
...er fumigation of bagged wheat over the past several years. Trials were conducted in 338 godowns in 8 districts of upper Sindh. Out of these, 169 godowns were selected for fumigation with phosphine inside and under polyethylene sheets, while the others for indoor space fumigation in godowns without covering wheat stack with a sheet. Samples of wheat at the baseline and at two-monthly interv...
Amanullah, Ahmed Aziz Kurd, Saifullah Khan, Munir Ahmed and Jahangir Khan*
Corresponding author:aman_azrc@yahoo.com
BIOFERTILIZER- A POSSIBLE SUBSITUTE OF FERTILIZERS IN PRODUCTION OF WHEAT VARIETY ZARDANA IN BALOCHISTAN
...ect of biofertilizer on wheat variety Zardana production at four locations of -1 -1 Balochistan. Biofertilizer (Azospirillum A1-Q + N 45 kg ha , P O 30 kg ha ) was 2 5 used to substitute for half of the Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilizer -1, application rates as compared to a high fertilizer treatment (N 90 kgha P2 5 O -1 60 kgha ). The high mineral fertilizer and biofertilizer + half mineral fertilizer treatments were compared with a control treatment...
Shahida N.Khokhar*
CROP INOCULANTS- AN UNDEREXPLORED POTENTIAL IN AGRICULTURE
...ld of legumes, cereals (wheat, maize) and vegetable crops. This however has yet to be taken to farmers' field effectively. The present paper reviews these efforts, lapses and unfolds new strategies in research and extension in future....
Parvez Khaliq*, Azim Malik**, Nasir Mahmood Cheema* and Muhammad Umair***
ECONOMICS OF WHEAT BASED CROPPING SYSTEMS IN RAINFED AREAS OF PAKISTAN
...ignificant yield gap in wheat has been reported between yields of substantive and the progressive growers mainly due to poor management of soil, water and fertility issues. A field study was conducted at National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC), Islamabad and the traditional wheat-fallow-wheat (W-F-W) cropping system was evaluated with the improved wheat...
Muhammad Tariq*, Raja Muhammad Omer**, Muhammad Ashraf Mian*, Obaid Ur Rehman***, Amjad Tahir Virk and Kazim Abbass**
PROMOTING CERTIFIED SEED AVAILABILITY OF WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L) THROUGH PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP AND ITS IMPACT ON YIELD IN RAINFED AREAS
...he farmers. An approved wheat variety 'Chakwal-50' of rainfed areas was selected for certified seed production and distribution in rainfed District Chakwal under joint venture of a study on comparison of seed source(Certified vs. Farmer's seed) contribution towards wheat yield at six sites in the District. All the agronomic practices were the same in both -2 treatments. The number of fertile tillers m were significantly high...
Arshad Ali, Muhammad Arshadullah, Syed Ishtiaq Hyder, Imdad Ali Mahmood and Badar-uz-Zaman*
RICE PRODUCTIVITY AND SOIL HEALTH AS AFFECTED BY WHEAT RESIDUE INCORPORATION ALONG WITH NITROGEN STARTER DOSE UNDER SALT-AFFECTED SOIL
...ermine the effect -1 of wheat straw incorporation @ 5 t ha along with different N starter doses -1 (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg N ha ) on rice (Supper basmati) production and soil health at MK Farm, Farooqabad, district Sheikhupura under saline sodic -1 soil (ECe=5.65 dS m , pH=8.57and SAR=19.38) during 2010. Treatments were arranged in RCBD with three replications. The crop was harvested at maturity, data on tillering, plant height, spike length, number of grains -1 ...
Muhammad Arshadullah, Syed Ishtiaq Hyder, Arshad Ali and Imdad Ali Mahmood*
CUMULATIVE EFFECT OF SULFUR AND CALCIUM ON WHEAT GROWTH AND YIELD UNDER SALINE-SODIC SOILS
...nic concentration of -1 wheat variety (Saher) sown in saline-sodic soil (ECe=5.32 dS m , pH=8.52 and SAR=18.87) at Soil Salinity Research Institute (SSRI) Farm, Pindi Bhattian during rabi 2009-10. Treatments were arranged using randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The crop was harvested at maturity, data on tillering, plant height, spike -1 length, number of grains spike , 1000-grain weight, straw and paddy yields were recorded. Pot...
Muhammad Sohail*, Imtiaz Hussain*, Riaz-ud-din*, Syed Haider Abbas*, Maqsood Qamar* and Muhammad Noman*
EFFECT OF SPLIT N FERTILIZER APPLICATION ON PHYSIOAGRONOMIC TRAITS OF WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) UNDER RAINFED CONDITIONS
...lity is one of the main wheat yield limiting factors under rainfed conditions. Farmers usually apply full N dose at seeding. However, winter showers during vegetative growth period provide an opportunity to apply N in split doses. Study was conducted to find out appropriate N rate and application method to enhance wheat productivity. -1 Three N rates i.e., 60, 90, and 120 kg ha and three application methods i.e. full basal N...
Sajida Taj*, Akhter Ali*, Nadeem Akmal*, Shujaat Yaqoob** and Mubarik Ali***
RAISED BED TECHNOLOGY FOR WHEAT CROP IN IRRIGATED AREAS OF PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
... raised bed planting of wheat in irrigated areas of Punjab, Pakistan. Wheat is an important staple food of Pakistan. It contributes 13 % to the value added in agriculture and 2.6 % to the GDP. The agrarian economy of Pakistan is continuously under stress due to the low yield of almost all the crops and constrained with many problem. One of the most important issues of agriculture is water shortage which is increasing day by ...
Naheed Akhtar*, Awais Iqbal**, Habib Iqbal Javed*, Javed Khan*, Muhammad Riaz*, Waseem Ahmad Gillani*, Tariq Mahmood*, Awais Rasool* and Tahira Yasmin*
EVALUATION OF RECOMMENDED WHEAT VARIETIES FOR RESISTANCE AGAINST SCHIZAPHIS GRAMINUM (RONDANI) (APHIDIDAE: HOMOPTERA) UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS
... Fifty recommended wheat varieties were evaluated for seedling bulk test and three components of resistance i.e., antixenosis, antibiosis and tolerance against greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani). NARC-09, Momal-2002, TD-1 and Zarlasta-99 were found resistant in seedling bulk test. Momal-2002 was the least preferred in antixenosis mechanism of resistance NARC-2009, Momal-2002 and Sulaman-96 were the least fecund in antibiosis mechanism of resistance a...
Said Salman*, Shah Jehan Khan*, Javed Khan**, Rehmat Ullah Khan*** and Imran Khan****
GENETIC VARIABILITY STUDIES IN BREAD WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) ACCESSIONS
...> Sixty five wheat accessions were evaluated for yield and related traits during winter 2010-2011. Highly significant (P≤0.01) differences were found for all the traits studied indicating the scope of improvement through simple selection for high mean values of these traits. Maximum genotypic differences were observed for all the studied parameters except chlorophyll concentration index and number of spikelet per spike indicating considerable amo...
Abid Hussain*, Khalid Mahmood Aujla* and Sonila Hassan**
ECONOMICS OF COW MILK PRODUCTION IN SINDH AND AZAD JAMMU & KASHMIR
..., and mountainous - AJK wheat straw is the major cost item and shares more than half of the total feeding costs per annum (51 - 58 %). Mean milk productions per lactation of Red-Sindhi breed were 1845 lit and 1590 lit in the irrigated and coastal areas of Sindh, respectively. Productivity of Thari breed in desert areas of Sindh and that of non-descript cow breed in AJK was 1411 lit and 2008 lit per lactation, respectively. Cow milk production is profitable far...
Muhammad Sohail*, Imtiaz Hussain*, Riaz-ud-Din*, Sikandar Khan Tanveer*, Maqsood Qamar* and Syed Haider Abbas*
EVALUATION OF ADVANCE WHEAT LINES FOR AGRONOMIC TRAITS IN RAINFED ENVIRONMENT
...-align: justify;"> Wheat under rainfed conditions of Pothwar region of Pakistan is usually exposed to limited soil moisture during early growth period and high temperature stress during reproductive growth stage. Better yield under stressful environment is the main objective while evaluating genotypes for rainfed ecologies. A field study was conducted at National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC), Islamabad, Pakistan to evaluate the agronomic traits of ...
Farman Ullah Shah*, G. Mustafa Sajid** and Sadar Uddin Siddiqui**
EVALUATION OF MULCHING MATERIALS AS INTEGRATED WEED MANAGEMENT COMPONENT IN MAIZE CROP
...astic, sugarcane straw, wheat straw, live mulch, weeds as mulch, hand weeding and weedy check. Weed data -2 -2 included weed density m , fresh and dry weight g m , while crop data -2 -2 -1 included crop density m , fresh and dry weight g m , number of plant plot , -1 stover yield (g), plant height (cm), number of cobs plant , number of leaves -1 -1 plant , average grain number of five cobs and grain yield (t ha ). With the -2 -2 exception of hand weeding, mini...
Abid Hussain*, Khalid Mahmood Aujla* and Nouman Badar*
YIELD GAP DETERMINANTS FOR WHEAT PRODUCTION IN MAJOR IRRIGATED CROPPING ZONES OF PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
...gap and determinants of wheat production in the Punjab province of Pakistan. It is based on cross sectional data from 210 farmers for the crop year 2009-10. Results suggest that farm level wheat yields are less than the potential yield level by 33.0%, 43.0% and 50.6% in the mixed-cropping, cotton-wheat and rice-wheat zones of the province, respectively. ...
Maqsood Qamar*, S. Dilanawaz Ahmad Gardazi**, Riaz-ud-Din*, Muhammad Sohail* and Syed Haider Abbas*
PARTIAL RESISTANCE TO STRIPE RUST AND ITS EFFECT ON SUSTAINABILITY OF WHEAT YIELD
...ses a serious threat to wheat production in cooler areas of Pakistan. The 70% area of wheat in Pakistan is prone to stripe rust disease. It can cause 10-17% yield losses if susceptible cultivars are planted under favorable conditions. Level of partial plant resistance in bread wheat and its impact on sustainable wheat production was studied at the Nation...
Samiullah*, Mehmood Shah*, Kalim Ullah**, Rehmat Ullah*** and Ibrarullah****
PROFITABILITY OF WHEAT PRODUCTION IN DERA ISMAIL KHAN
...ost and gross margin of wheat in Dera Ismail Khan District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) Pakistan, in the wheat crop season during May-June, 2012. A survey method was employed and 11 villages were selected at random which are the major wheat producing villages in the said district. A total of 50 respondents were probed by personal interview method from the sampled villages. Cost and return (gr...
Munir Ahmad*, Asif Ali Mirani**, Hafiz Sultan Mahmood**, Tanveer Ahmad** and Muhammad Azhar Saeed**
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF CROSS-FLOW RICE DRYERS
...try is dried through sun heat. which is one of the major causes of reducing head rice recovery during the milling operation. Recently, cross-flow rice dryers have been adopted in the rice milling industry of the country. The heat source of these cross-flow dryers can be a gas or rice husk. This study focussed on the performance evaluation of cross-flow rice dryers with both gas and rice husk heat
Mazher Abbas*, Irfan Mehmood*, Arshed Bashir*, Muhammad Ather Mehmood* and Sonila Hassan*
WOMEN COTTON PICKERS PERCEPTIONS ABOUT HEALTH HAZARDS DUE TO PESTICIDE USE IN IRRIGATED PUNJAB
...ari districts of cotton-wheat zone of the Punjab. Summary statistics of women cotton pickers' showed mean average age was 33 years and had 2.4 years of formal schooling and 10 years of cotton picking experience. The main reasons for cotton picking reported were to reduce family financial burden (30%) followed by better access to food and resource (23%) and better education of children (21%). Majority of the respondents (97.33%) reported that the mode of paymen...
Arshed Bashir*, Fatima Ahmad**, Irfan Mehmood*, Muhammad Qasim*, Mazher Abbas* and Sonila Hassan*
ECONOMICS OF RED MEAT PRODUCTION IN PUNJAB
...a and Sialkot from rice-wheat zone and Chiniot and Faisalabad from mixed cropping zone) were selected for data collection and 76 red meat producers were interviewed. The results showed that commercial farms were dominated by cows while the small sized specialized farms were dominated by buffaloes. The mean age, sale price and live weight of sold buffaloes was 2.8 years, Rs. 64963.8 and 157 kg, respectively whereas for cows the mean age was 3 years with average...
Khalid Mahmood Aujla* and Abid Hussain*
ECONOMICS OF MILK PRODUCTION OF MAJOR DAIRY BUFFALO BREEDS BY AGRO-ECOLOGICAL ZONES IN PAKISTAN
...ted from mixed and rice-wheat cropping zones of Punjab and Sindh provinces, mixed cropping zone of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) province, coastal zone of Sindh and mountainousAJK. Of these, 155 and 64 were Nili-Ravi and Kundhi buffalo breed farmers, respectively. The study revealed that among the structure of cost components, feed cost occupied the major share in total cost of milk production. Milk production of buffaloes of Nili-Ravi and Kundhi breeds were 2889 a...
Muhammad Asif Jamil*, Nowshad Khan*, FarhatUllah Khan* and Muhammad Zakria*
EFFECTIVENESS OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES IN DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION TO THE FARMING COMMUNITY OF DISTRICT BHIMBER, AZAD JAMMU AND KASHMIR
...eased the production of wheat while 80.67% had increased the production of maize and 68% had increased the production of millet after getting benefits from the extension services provided by the agriculture department. It is recommended that visits of extension field staff should be made regularly. The progressive farmers may be involved in extension activities because they are less in number and are easily approachable. Demonstrations, personal contacts and r...
Muhammad Qasim*, Sonila Hassan*, Arshed Bashir*, Hafiz Zahid Mahmood** and Irfan Mehmood*
ANALYZING PRODUCTION POTENTIAL OF SELECTED FOOD AND LEGUME CROPS FOR FOOD SECURITY IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
...tion were collected for wheat, sugarcane, rice, mung and gram since 1980-81. The semi-log trend function was employed to find out the growth rate of selected commodities. The findings of the study showed the positive growth rates of area, production and yield of all selected food grain and legume crops. The estimated co-efficient for all growth models (area, production and yield) of selected commodities were statistically highly significant at 1% level except ...
Amjad Pervez*, Syed Muzaffar Ahmed*, Akhlaq Ahmad** and Qazi Mehmood Ali**
EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT FOOD GRAINS AS BAITS FOR MANAGEMENT OF HYSTRIX INDICA
...lable food grains viz., wheat, rice, maize, black gram, sorghum and millet were offered in whole/crack form. Under no choice and choice tests, rice was the most preferred food, followed by wheat, maize and others. The present study suggested that rice in whole or cracked form alone or in combination with wheat can be applied as very palatable (32% and 27%, respectively) and cost effective ...
Nouman Badar*, Hina Fatima**, Abdul Jabbar*** and Muhammad Asif*
MAJOR FOOD CROPS PRODUCTION AND YIELD FORECAST IN PAKISTAN
...he result predicts that wheat (production and yield) forecast for 2029-30 to be -1 about 37188 thousand tons and 3454 kg ha , respectively. The rice (production -1 and yield) forecast for 2029-30 will be about 7176 thousand tons and 2630 kg ha , respectively. The maize (production and yield) forecast for 2029-30 will be about -1 5784 thousand tons and 6088 kg ha , respectively. In short, the production growth rate of wheat, ...
Umar Ijaz Ahmed*, Liu Ying**, Muhammad Khalid Bashir***,
Muhammad Amjed Iqbal*, Muhammad Rizwan*, Muhammad Mazhar
Iqbal****, Muhammad Rafi Qamar***** and Aftab Nazeer******
SPATIAL PRICE TRANSMISSION IN PAKISTAN: THE CASE OF WHEAT AND RICE MARKETS
...ransmission among major wheat and rice markets of Pakistan using their monthly retail prices. For analysis Vector Error Correction Model and Co-integration approach were employed. Results showed that wheat and rice market prices are integrated. Some markets have positive or negative transmission shocks on each other due to the different geographical locations and transport infrastructure. All the whe...
Saima Kanwal*, Saeeda Raza*, Khalid Naseem*, Muhammad Amjad*, Naseem Bibi* and Musarrat Gillani*
DEVELOPMENT, PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND SENSORY PROPERTIES OF BISCUITS SUPPLEMENTED WITH PUMPKIN SEEDS TO COMBAT CHILDHOOD MALNUTRITION IN PAKISTAN
...f pumpkin seed flour in wheat flour (T =5%, 2 T =10%, T =15% and T =20%), were compared with control (T ). Chemical 3 4 5 1 attributes of biscuits showed that T has maximum level of pumpkin flour (20%) 5 with maximum protein (12.30%), fat (28.29%), ash (4.13%), iron (2.28%) and zinc (3.11%). Sensory results also revealed increasing trend in all sensory parameters. Results showed acceptability at all levels but treatment T with 15 % pumpkin 4 seed flour scored ...
Ahmed Fatima*
INCIDENCE OF POVERTY AND THE ROLE OF NON-FARM ACTIVITIES
...es of the country (rice/wheat Punjab, mixed Punjab, cotton/wheat Punjab, low intensity Punjab, Barani Punjab, cotton/wheat Sindh, rice other Sindh, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan) were calculated for farming and non-farming households. The indices of poverty were also measured for households that only did farming, undertook farming and non-farm activities and those that did no farming ...
Imdad Ali Mahmood*, Arshad Ali**, Armghan Shahzad**, Muhammad Asif Masud Ghumman***, Muhammad Arshad Ullah**, Tariq Sultan** and Badar-u-Zaman**
CROP RESIDUES AND PHOSPHORUS EFFECT ON YIELD AND ECONOMICS OF DIRECT SEEDED RICE AND WHEAT GROWN UNDER SALINE-SODIC SOIL
... direct seeded rice and wheat for two consecutive years at Soil Salinity Research Institute (SSRI) Farm, Pindi Bhattian, Pakistan to investigate the yield and economics of direct seeded rice and wheat under crop residue incorporation and phosphorus applications. Split plot design (crop residue in main plots and P application in sub plots) was followed with three replications. Biomass yields were collected at maturity of each...
Azhar Usman Ali*, Ghulam Sarwar*, Muhammad Aftab* and Sher Muhammad**
EFFECT OF SOIL AND FOLIAR APPLIED COPPER ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.)
...the effect of copper on wheat growth and soil composition through its soil and foliar application. For -1 this purpose, non-saline non-sodic soil (pH = 8.10, EC = 0.85 dS m , SAR = 4.60, saturation percentage = 29 % and sandy clay loam) was collected, brought to -1 green house and filled in the pots @ 6.5 kg pot . All these pots were irrigated to achieve uniform soil column. This experiment comprised 5 treatments viz., -1 -1 control, soil application of copper...
Muhammad Mudasar Aslam ⃰, Muhammad Jamil**, Ijaz Malook**, Amana Khatoon*, Ali Rehman*, Abdur Rahim***, Pirzada Khan*, Shakir Ullah Khan Shakir*, Shahid Irfan*, Faizan Ullah****, Khair Ul Bashar**, Mahideen Afridi** and Shafiq Ur Rehman*
PHYTOTOXIC EFFECTS OF CALOTROPIS PROCERA, TAMARIX APHYLLA AND PEGANUM HARMALA ON PLANT GROWTH OF WHEAT AND MUSTARD
... and seedling length of wheat and mustard. Results showed that seed germination of wheat was significantly decreased by 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% while mustard seeds were resistant and were affected by higher dilutions (15%, 20% and 25%) of all plant extracts. Roots of both wheat and mustard were highly affected by plant aqueous extracts at all concentrations (5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%) bu...
Muhammad Tahir* and Nawal Zafar*
FORAGE YIELD AND QUALITY PERFORMANCE OF RABI CEREALS SOWN ALONE AND IN BLENDED POPULATION AT VARIABLE SEED RATIOS
...s of three cereal crops wheat, oat and barley sown alone and blended together at different seed proportions (100%: 0%, 75% + 25%, 50% + 50% and 25% + 75%) at the Agronomic Research Area, Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, during 2013-14. The results showed that the crop mixtures and their variable seed ratios showed significant effects on fodder yield and quality traits. -1 The maximum number of tillers, number of leaves plant , lea...
Farid Asif Shaheen*, Sadia Parveen*, Ahmed Zia**, Ghulam Qadir*,
Mureed Husain*** and Rifat Ullah Khan****
PREDATORY APTNESS OF ANTS AGAINST RED FLOUR BEETLE, TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM HERBST (TENEBRIONIDAE: COLEOPTERA) IN WHEAT FLOUR
...food products including wheat flour. Due to its severe infestation, the flour gets mouldy, turns yellowish, gets pungent odour and becomes unhealthy for human consumption. The infested samples of wheat flour by T. castaneum were collected from different localities and its culture was maintained in laboratory. Three ant species namely, Dorylus labiatus, Camponotus rufipes and Monomorium minimum were collected from forest and ...
Nisar Ahmed Soomro*, Abdul Fatah Soomro**, Hamz Ali Samo* and
Muhammad Siddique Depar***
GROWTH AND YIELD COMPARISONS OF FOUR COMMERCIAL WHEAT VARIETIES TO IRRIGATION FREQUENCIES
...comparative response of wheat varieties to different irrigation regimes, four varieties namely, Kiran, Imdad-2005, TJ-83 and T.D-1 were supplied with 3 (IR ), 4 (IR ) and 5 (IR ) irrigations during the entire cropping season. The crop given 5 irrigations resulted in 88.71% germination, 82.77 cm plant height, 10.88 tillers plant , 266.74 tillers m , 59.41 grains spike , 60.50 g 1000-seed weight and 5862.25 kg grain yield ha . The crop irrigated four times, show...
Abdul Razaq*, Muhammad Jamal Khan*, Tahir Sarwar* and Mohammad Jamal Khan**
EFFECT OF DEFICIT IRRIGATION, SOWING METHODS AND MULCHING ON WHEAT YIELD AND NITROGEN UPTAKE
...ly (P<0.05) affected wheat yield and nitrogen uptake. Raised beds cultivation produced higher number of tillers m (415), grain yield (5.13 t ha ), biological yield (12.02 t ha ) and total nitrogen uptake (141.7 kg ha ) as compared to the traditional flat bed. Similarly, mulch plots resulted in higher tillers m (404) wheat grain yield (4.94 t ha ), biological yield (11.94 t ha ) and total nitrogen uptake (137.6 kg ha ) tha...
Shahid Iqbal Khattak*, Muhammad Amjad Nadim**, Mohammad Safdar Baloch**, Kashif Waseem** and Muhammad Sohail***
IMPACT OF VARIABLE SEEDING DATES ON CEREALS' PERFORMANCE UNDER AGRO-ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF DERA ISMAIL KHAN
... 2012-13. Four cereals (wheat, triticale, barley, oat) were assigned to main plots while six different sowing dates (October 15, November 1 & 15, December 1 & 15 and January 1) were kept in subplot. The experiment was replicated four times with a sub-plot size of 5 m × 1.8 m (9 m ). Sowing of barley took minimum time to 50 % heading (99.08 days) which led the same towards earlier maturity (131.21 days) while oat crop showed prolonged maturity (14...
Hafiz Sultan Mahmood*, Tanveer Ahmad*, Zulfiqar Ali*, Munir Ahmad** and Nadeem Amjad***
FIELD EVALUATION OF A WHEAT STRAW CHOPPER
...-align: justify;"> Wheat straw chopper is a resource conservation technology that makes chaff from combine-harvested wheat straw and saves the environment from smoke pollution, if straw is burnt in the field. Field performance of this technology has not been evaluated yet, although this technology has been adopted in Pakistan for many years. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of an improved vers...
Muhammad Nawaz*, Anwar Javaid Wahla*, Muhammad Saleem Kashif*, Masood Qadir Waqar**, Muhammad Anjum Ali*** and Asim Raza Chadhar****
EFFECTS OF EXOGENOUS NITROGEN LEVELS ON THE YIELD OF RICE GRAIN IN SHEIKHUPURA, PAKISTAN
... by the farmers in rice-wheat around the experimental site. Every year, the nursery of both the rice cultivars was transplanted during the second week of July. The results indicated that different nitrogen levels had a significant effect on all studied parameters of both rice cultivars during all the years of experimentation. Both cultivars also differed significantly from each other in number of grains per spike, 1000-grain weight and paddy yield during all t...
Nasarullah*, Raiz uddin*, Fakhar Uddin* and Muhammad Jamal*
INTERPRETING WHEAT GENOTYPES FOR GRAIN YIELD UNDER DIFFERENT REGIMES OF KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA
...om plains to mountains. Wheat is grown throughout the country to feed more than 200 million people. To get maximum yield, high yielding genotypes suitable to diverse agro-climatic conditions are needed. However, so for few varieties have been developed that can efficiently grow in different environments. This is one of the reasons for lower wheat production in the country. Current experiment was conducted to monitor stabilit...
Muhammad Sharif1*, Shahzada Sohail Ijaz2, Muhammad Ansar3, Ijaz Ahmad4 and Syed Abdul Sadiq5
...hat seedling emergence, wheat biomass and grain yield were statistically same under CT (83 plants m-2, 6.02 Mg ha-1, 3.32 Mg ha-1, respectively), MT (83 plants m-2, 5.90Mg ha-1, 3.26 Mg ha-1, respectively) and RT(72 plants m-2, 5.92 Mg ha-1,3.20Mg ha-1, respectively)tillage systemswith retention of crop residues,whilesignificantly lower values were recorded under...
Niamat Ullah Khan1*, Farkhanda Khan2, Muhammad Kashan3, Qadir Ullah4 and Abdur Rauf5
...ld and fiber quality in wheat-cotton system. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted during 2014, 2015 and 2016 at Cotton Research Station, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan to explore N management practices for ZT cotton grown into standing wheat straw. The trial was conducted in a randomized complete block (RCB) design with three replications. Results showed that cotton lint yield and fiber quality was good during 2016 than t...
Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1,2,*, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza2, Muhammad Afzal2,Hafiz Salah-ud-Din2, Imtiaz Sarwar2, Muhammad Yahya2 and Khurram Shehzad3
..., lychee orchards, rice-wheat crop) lands on soil macroinvertebrate fauna. Random sampling was done in winter 2015 and summer 2016 using monoliths and pitfall traps. Results revealed that land-used types exert a differential impact on the diversity and population abundance of macrofaunal communities. Highest indices of macroinvertebrate diversity, richness and evenness were exhibited by Lychee (2.39, 12.00 and 1.00, respectively) among cultivated and grassland...
Alaeldein M. Abudabos*, Abdullah N. Al-Owaimer, Elsayed O.S. Hussein and Mutahar H. Ali
... are more susceptible to heat stress as compared to other animals. The current experiment was conducted to examine the effect of commercial vitamin C supplement (VC100, 200 mg/kg), on performance of broilers. Two levels of environmental temperatures: normal (22°C) and high (32°C) and two levels of vitamin C in drinking water (with and without) were arranged in a factorial arrangement resulted in four dietary treatments for the period from 15 to 30 days...
Wei Dang1, Ning Xu1, Wen Zhang1, Jing Gao2, Handong Fan1 and Hongliang Lu 1,*
...ation. Here, we analyzed heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) expression in six lizard species to investigate the variation in Hsp70 response contributing to thermal adaptation. At first, we collected three lizard species of the genus Takydromus from different geographical locations. We found that either the constitutive expression pattern in different organs or the inducible expression pattern under higher ambient temperature were the same. The expression of ...
Ikramullah Khan1,2*, Muhammad Subhan Qureshi2, Sohail Akhtar2, Ijaz Ali3 and Ghufran Ullah4
...ian appeared as the most heat sensitive breed exhibiting changes at 32 °C i.e. 5 °C higher than 27 °C (upper critical temperature, UCT). Sahiwal and Achai were the most heat tolerant breeds manifesting changes at 42 °C i.e. 15°C higher than UCT. The crossbred cows responded differently to heat stress and showed biochemical changesat 32 °C like HF and physiological c...
Muhammad Tariq Zahid1, Farah Rauf Shakoori2, Soumble Zulfiqar3, Khalid A. Al-Ghanim4 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori3,4*
...9 and 80 µg/ml in wheat grain medium, Bold-basal salt medium and modified Neff’s medium, respectively. T. farahensis exhibited significant copper storage ability removing 54.9 % copper from medium within 96 h of 30 µg/ml copper stress. The maximum uptake rate was observed within 30 min of copper administration in response to 5-100 µg Cu++/ml in the medium. Quantitative analysis showed that TfCuMT is a copper ind...
Tariq Mukhtar,1,* Abdul Jabbar1, Muhammad Usman Raja1 and Humayun Javed2
... latest distribution of wheat seed gall nematode Anguina tritici (Steinbuch) in Sargodha division of the Punjab province of Pakistan. The overall incidence of ear cockle of wheat in the division was found to be 1.2% while the overall prevalence was 27%. As regards districts, the maximum incidence was recorded in district Bhakkar followed by Khushab. Similarly, the maximum prevalence was observed in district Bhakkar fo...
Muhammad Arshad,1* Sajjad Ahmad1, Muhammad Sufyan1, Zain-ul Abdin1 and Sumaira Maqsood2
...conducted to assess the wheat aphids’ diversity and their predators association with strip intercropping (brassica, alfalfa, berseem and garlic) and wheat monoculture. Results showed that the first aphid was seen in the last week of January while the predator population was first recorded during the first week of March. Aphid population was maximum on wheat monoculture when 130 speci...
Muhammad Suhaib1, Ijaz Ahmad2*, Masooma Munir3, Muhammad Bilal Iqbal4 , Muhammad Khubaib Abuzar5 and Safdar Ali6
...ormal crop development. Wheat is an important cereal crop and salinity is also affecting the growth and yield of this crop. While salicylic acid is found to play a helpful role in supporting the plant growth and development under salt stress. Keeping in view these factors a hydroponic experiment was conducted on wheat with two levels of salicylic acid (0.25 mM and 0.50 mM) under two salt levels (75 mM and 150 mM) to assess t...
Habibullah* and Sahib Alam
...of maize and subsequent wheat crop. Biochar was applied before sowing, while N application was carried out in splits to the crops. The study was conducted in district Buner, Pakistan using randomized complete block design with split-plot arrangement. Biochar was applied at the rates of 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 ton/ha as the main plot factor. The immediate effect of biochar was assessed on maize crop integrated with four levels of N viz. 0, 100,150 and 200 kg/ha app...
Muhammad Waqar Yasin*, Mobushir Riaz Khan and Muhammad Amin
...f five major crops viz. wheat (triticum), maize (zea mayes), cotton (gossypium), sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) and gram (Cicer arietinum). Firstly, changes in mean temperature and rainfall from 1951 to 2015 were assessed at district level. Secondly, the changes in crop performance were computed through remote sensing and crop reporting data obtained from the agriculture department, Government of Punjab, Pakistan. Lastly, changes in crop performance (what d...
Abdur Rehman1*, Wang Jian2, Noor Khan3 and Raheel Saqib3
...h as coarse grain rice, wheat, corn, cotton and soybean are determined using the VaR (Value at Risk) model. The practical consequences indicated that the normal distribution model is not appropriate used in evaluating the major crops market risk due to various degrees of market risk in various crops such as the cotton and soybean crops with higher levels of market risk, while the coarse grain rice with the medium risk level and finally the corn and w
Sher Nawab Khan* and Ghulam Hassan
...ify;">Aphids are common wheat and barley pest in many parts of the world including Pakistan. This experiment was conducted at the experimental field of the department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan during 2014-15 and 2015-16. Eight bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties i.e., Atta-Habib (AH), Lalma-13 (Lal-13), Tatara-96 (Tat-96), Punjab-11 (PJ-11), ...
Imran Khan1, Zahir Shah2, Wiqar Ahmad3*, Farmanullah Khan2 and Muhammad Sharif2
...ulture, Peshawar during wheat crop season 2015-16 to test different nutrient inputs for their effect on wheat yield and soil fertility status under different tillage practices. Randomized Complete Block Split Plot Design with three replications was used for the study where nutrient inputs were allotted to sub-plots whilst tillage practices were studied in main plots. Nutrient input consisted of Farmer’s fertilizer prac...
Muhammad Suhaib1*, Ijaz Ahmad2, Masooma Munir3, Badar-Uz-Zaman1, Bushra Atta4 and Muhammad Khubaib Abuzar5
...sponse of two different wheat genotypes supplemented with salicylic acid (0.25 and 0.5 mM) under salt stress (75 and 150 mM). It’s an obvious factor that under salt stress certain reactive oxygen species are produced that damage the vital plant organelles causing disturbances in the normal functioning of the plant and even may lead to death in severe cases. The results of this study conferred that there were genotypic variation found in two genotypes reg...
Madeeha Alamzeb1, Shazma Anwar1, Asif Iqbal1,2*, Song Meizhen2, Mazhar Iqbal3, Sara4, Muhammad Ramzan2 and Afza Tabassum1
... matter partitioning of wheat under tillage systems (conventional and deep tillage). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with split plot arrangement, having three replications. Tillage systems and organic sources were used as main plot factor, nitrogen levels as subplot factor. The results revealed that organic sources, nitrogen levels and tillage system significantly affected dry matter partitioning of whea...
Muhammad Shahbaz1,*, Muhammad Anwar Iqbal1, Arshad Javid2, Abu ul Hassan Faiz1, Irfan3 and Muhammad Irshad Arshad4
Rehman-Ud-din* and Naeem-Ur-Rehman Khattak
...f farm mechanisation on wheat and maize crops productivity in Peshawar valley. For this purpose, three districts, i.e. Peshawar, Charsadda and Nowshera in the said valley, were randomly selected followed by a selection of three villages in each district under simple random selection. In this way, a sample size of 175 farmers was randomly selected from nine villages on a proportional basis. The study reveals that a large number of both types of farmers are neit...
Wiqar Ahmad1* and Farmanullah Khan2
...belongs to maize only), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) CV Uqab and lentils (Lense Culinarus M.) CV NM-89 were cultivated in rotation. Results revealed that during 2006, maize yield did not improve significantly, however, during 2007, grain yield (GY) increased by 17% with N1/2PKF over the RD. Similarly, the cropping pattern effect was significant during 2007 only and the cereal-legume rotation showed 9 and 12% higher GY over the cereal-cereal+legumes intercrop a...
Gulnaz Malik1, Abdul Qadir1 and Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan2,*
...stored grains including wheat, maize and rice. Although insecticides are used for the management of this pest, successful management could be compromised by prevailing environmental temperature since it has a significant effect on the toxicities of insecticides. The focus of the present study was to evaluate the effect of post-treatment temperature on the toxicity of four insecticides viz., spinosad, emamectin benzoate, lufenuron and thiamethoxam. For t...
Shamsher Ali1*, Sarmad Khan1, Muhammad Jamal Khan2, Naveed ullah4, Muhammad Rashid3 and Wiqar Ahmad1
...ure to screen out bread wheat varieties in different soils at early growth stage. Five bread wheat varieties i.e Atta Habib, Barsat, Siren, Pirsabak-2004 and Pirsabak-2005 were cultivated under three soils having different salinity levels; i- Normal-non saline soil (EC=0.9 dS m-1), ii- moderately saline soil (EC=7.2 dS m-1) and iii- highly saline soil (EC=13.3 dS m-1). The experiment was arranged in completely randomized des...
Nadeem Munawar, Iftikhar Hussain and Tariq Mahmood*
... with four major crops (wheat, groundnut, millet and maize) in the Pothwar Plateau. In all four crops, maximum number of rodent burrows was recorded at maturity stages of the crops. The maturity stage of wheat crop coincided with spring breeding season while the maturity stages of millet/maize and groundnut matched with monsoon/autumn breeding peak of the rodents in the study area. The burrow density recorded inside the w
Muhammad Rehan Aslam1, Muhammad Maqsood1, Zahoor Ahmad2*, Sajjad Akhtar3, Muhammad Rizwan4 and Muhammad Usama Hameed5
...imum cob weight without sheath (253.38 g), number of grains per cob (472.49), 1000-grains weight (265.99 g), biological yield (13.08 t ha-1), grain yield (5.05 t ha-1), harvest index (38.43%), grain protein contents (8.09%) and grain oil contents (4.76%) were obtained when two foliar sprays of 0.5% MgSO4 (T2) were applied. Similarly, highest cob weight without sheath (258 g), number of grains per cob (475.1), 1000-grains wei...
Tanzim Ullah Khan1*, Mohammad Tariq Jan1, Ahmad Khan1, Gulzar Ahmad2, Muhammad Ishaq2, Khilwat Afridi2, Murad Ali2, Muhammad Adeel Qureshi2, Imtiaz Ahmad3 and Muhammad Saeed2
...ic fertilizers enhances wheat productivity. This research was conducted on integrated management of fertilizer nitrogen and poultry manure for wheat improvement at New Developmental Research Farm, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Agricultural University, Peshawar in 2010-11. Three levels of fertilizer nitrogen (75, 100 and 125 kg ha-1) and two poultry manure levels (0 and 4 tones ha-1) were allotted to main plot while time of fertilizer n...
Imadud Din1*, Fazal Munsif1, Irfan Ahmad Shah3, Hamayoon Khan1, Fahad Ullah Khan1, Ibrarullah2, Shahab Uddin4 and Tauqir Islam1
...s twenty-four different wheat genotypes for morphological traits and yield components. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block (RCB) design having three replications. Components of variation, broad sense heritability, genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV), range and genetic advance were estimated for yield and yield associated traits. Results revealed significant variation for all traits among the ...
Irshad Ali1, Mohammad Masood Tariq2,*, Abdul Waheed2, Ferhet Abbas Yousafzai1, Farhat Abbas Bokhari1, Majed Rafeeq1, Muhammad Ali1, Muhammad Adnan Attique1, Shahid Amin3 and Tahir Hameed1
...h protect them from very heated ground. The odor of BN animal sweat is so pungent that helps it in tick resistance. The white color of the skin is natural reflector in an extreme weather, whereas, the inner coat of this animal has black lining (the natural insulator), provides an excellent insulation capability against heat. Furthermore, very large pendulous dewlap and naval flap provides larger skin surface area to the anim...
Kashif Akbar* and Muhammad Ayub
...are cookies from common wheat and maize composite flour. The formulations of the study were F0 (100% wheat flour), F1 (90% wheat flour + 10% maize flour), F2 (80% wheat flour + 20% maize flour), F3 (70% wheat flour + 30% maize flour), F4 (60% wheat flour + 40% maize flour), F5 (50% w...
Shahen Shah1*, Manzoor Hussain1, Arshad Jalal1, Mohammad Sayyar Khan2, Tariq Shah1, Muhammad Ilyas1 and Muhammad Uzair3
... yielding attributes of wheat at the Agronomy Research Farm in the University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan during winter 2014-15. The experiment was designed in RCBD with split plots arrangement, replicated four times. Three levels of nitrogen (N) (90, 120, 150 kg ha-1) were allotted to main plots, while combination of sulfur (S) levels (15, 30, 45 kg ha-1) and application timings (100% at sowing, 100% at tillering and 50% at sowing + 50% at tillering) a...
Ansaar Ahmed1, Imtiaz Hussain2*, Ibni Amin Khalil3, Subhanulla3, Gulzar Ahmed3, Imtiaz Ahmad3 and Muhammad Imtiaz2
...ds like broadcasting of wheat and manual planting of maize on flat surface coupled with flood irrigation are used in irrigated maize–wheat system of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province that requires skilled labor, intensive tillage and more water for irrigation. In this study, zero tillage and bed planting effect in comparison with farmer practice on maize-wheat system productivity was ...
Sadiqa Begum1, Murad Khan2* and Noor Pao Khan1
...comparative analysis of wheat crop. Furthermore, two villages were selected from each district i.e. Lakarai and Barbar Opazai of district Peshawar and Khawo and Shamshad Abad of district Mardan. A questionnaire was used to collect data proportionately from 93 sample respondents. Budget allocation technique is used for calculation of cost, revenue and profit and dummy approach is used for comparative analysis while multiple regression model is used to estimate ...
Muhammad Zahid1, Naeem Iqbal1, Sohaib Muhammad2*, Summiya Faisal3, Wajid Mahboob3, Makhdoom Hussain4 and Zaheer ud din Khan2
... phenological stages on wheat variety “AARI-11” and desiccation tolerance potentials were assessed through growth, yield and physiological attributes. Glucose was supplied in various concentrations (0, 5, 10, 25 and 50 mM) as seed priming and foliar spray treatments at vegetative and reproductive stages. Plant growth and grain yields were reduced under drought. Two glucose treatments (10 mM and 50 mM) improved tillering and dry biomass as compared ...
Ali Sher1*, Khalid Naveed1, Gulzar Ahmad2, Ayub Khan1, Muhammad Saeed1 and Shah Masaud1
...d accumulation of Zn in wheat plants. Experiments were conducted at the Cereal Crop Research Institute (CCRI) Pirsabak, Noweshera, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan during 2014-15 and 2015-16 to study the response of wheat to N, Zn and Fe application. Treatments included three levels of N (90, 120 and 150 kg ha-1), three concentrations of Zn and Fe (i.e. 1, 2, 3 kg ha-1) each along with two controls i.e. no micro nutrients no wat...
Ejaz Ashraf1*, Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel2 and Mujahid Iqbal3
...um miscanthi, attack on wheat crop by mobile phone. A sample size of 60 farmers was selected by systematic sampling technique using the available list of the farmers provided by Agricultural Extension Department. The respondents were than randomly assigned into two groups, one group was comprised of experimental group (to whom a set of advisory instructions were sent by mobile phone) and other was control (face-to-face). Two- population independent t-test was ...
Tariq Aziz1, Iftikhar Hussain Khalil1, Quaid Hussain1,3*, Tariq Shah2,3, Nazir Ahmad1 and Amir Sohail1
...in 12 F3 populations of wheat got from mating of six advanced lines and two widely cultivated cultivars (Pirsabak-08 and Janbaz) at University of Agriculture, Peshawar during 2013-14. All wheat genotypes (8 parents and 12 F3 populations) showed significant differences for all traits. Cultivar Janbaz had maximum spike length (13.9 cm) and maximum number of grains spike-1 (89.2). Parental line B-IV(N)5 had maximum single spike...
Qaisar Mehmood1*, Muhammad Riaz2, Maqbol Hussain Sail1 and Muhammad Moeen1
...rease the production of wheat. Variety, seed type, date of sowing, sowing mode, Urea fertilizer, DAP fertilizer, irrigation mode, numbers of irrigations and number of weedisides sprays are chosen as input factors. Descriptive statistics, multiple linear regression model and analysis of variance techniques are used which show that variety, sowing mode, nitrogen fertilizer and phosphorous fertilizer have significant effect on the wheat
Yasir Ali1*, Muhammad Aslam Khan1, Muhammad Atiq1 and Muhammad Hussain2
...od security. Semi-dwarf wheat varieties with major gene resistance could not continue for longer period due to emergence of new rust races. However, genotypes such as Inqilab-91, Bluebird, Kenya Plume and Hope developed in early part of green revolution retained their resistance for longer period due to presence of non-specific rust resistance genes. Until now, 187 rust resistance genes (80 leaf rust, 49 stripe rust, 58 stem rust) have been described from diff...
Raza Ullah Khan*, Ahmad Khan, Mohammad Zameer Khan, Fayyaz Hussain and Sonia Saba
...S50:PF50, PS25:Pf75) to wheat grown in 5 kg soil in plastic container. Data on plant growth parameters (plant height, biomass and grain yield) was collected at the end of the experiment taking as an average of the three replications. Nutrients such as K, P and selected micronutrients concentration in shoot and root were determined once after harvest of crop and shown as mean of three replications. Results showed that different combination of P yielded signific...
Amar Razzaq1, Abdur Rehman4*, Abdul Hassan Qureshi2, Iqbal Javed3, Raheel Saqib5 and Muhammad Nadeem Iqbal6
...was mainly installed on wheat crop while the drip irrigation systems were installed on mango orchards. Therefore, one half of the sample consisted of modern and conventional farmers growing wheat crop and the other half of the sample consisted of modern and conventional farmers growing mango orchards. Economic analysis measures of benefit-cost ratio (BCR) and net present value (NPV) were estimated. The results of the study s...
Abid Hussain1*, Muhammad Azeem Khan2, Muhammad Anjum Ali Buttar3, Umar Farooq4, Muhmmad Islam5 and Zahid Ullah Khan1
...major crops by; 18% for wheat, 13% for rice, 20% each for cotton and sugarcane. Modest increase in crop productivity by just 5% could result in additional production of major crops (wheat, rice, cotton, sugarcane and maize) of worth Rs. 111.57 billion. While, existing production levels of major crops can be obtained by reducing area under these crops by 859 thousand hectares, and spared area can be brought into cultivation u...
Song Jiang1,2, Fa-lin Zhou1, Qi-bin Yang1, Jian-hua Huang1, Li-shi Yang1 and Shi-gui Jiang1*
...d stress at 15°C and heat stress above 30°C. SOD activity showed a similar changing profile as the concentration of O2- after thermal stress between 15°C and 30°C, and GSH concentration increased significantly under both high and low temperature. The NOS activity and concentration of NO catalyzed by NOS increased significantly after heat stress. The ATP concentration increased significan...
Sher Nawab Khan* and Ghulam Hassan
...ood and among the crops wheat has the largest contribution of about 80% to the total global cereal production. Eight wheat cultivars including a land race were crossed in 8×8 full diallel fashion during 2014-15 wheat growing season. In the succeeding crop season all the 56 F1 hybrids and their parents were evaluated during 2015-16 to study inheritance pattern of yield and yield relat...
Sabahat Noor*1, Shaukat Ali1, Hafeez-ur-Rahman1, Farhatullah2 and Ghulam Muhammad Ali1
...="text-align: justify;">Wheat is the most cultivated food crop in Pakistan. Biotic and abiotic stresses severely affect the yield of this crop and require special attention to rectify the production loss. Among various abiotic stresses, drought and soil salinity have the most adversarial effect on wheat production. In this study the T2 transgenic (At-DREB1A) and non-transgenic line of lasani-08 from single transformation eve...
Tahira Jamil*1, Mohammad Asghar1, Fatma Husain1, Haq Nawaz Bhatti2
...ocellulosic substrates (wheat straw, rice straw, banana stalk) in SSF for 8 days. Among Pleurotus species (P. nebrodensis, P. sepidus, P. spodoecus), P. spodoecus expressed best statin formation i.e., 9.1±1.4 mg/g. Four physical parameters including temperature, pH, inoculums size and fermentation time (each at five levels) were optimized using central composite design (CCD) design in 30 triplicate experimental runs. T...
Fehmeeda Fatima, Asif Nadeem* and Maryam Javed
Asma Sohail1*, Kashif Sarfraz Abbasi1, Maryum Arif2 and Fatima Najam1
...r biological activity on heating, volatilization, and other parameters like oxidation and UV rays. This limits the commercial application of these oils. To overcome such problems encapsulation could be a gentle approach. Prior to encapsulation, oil extraction was done by using five different solvents including ethyl acetate, n-hexane, methanol, diethyl ether and chloroform in which ethyl acetate yielded 53% oil. Pumpkin seed oil was encapsulated using gel entr...
Shoaib Nawaz1, Muhammad Razaq1, Zahid Mahmood Sarwar1*, Muhammad Sajjad1*, Syeda Aneeza Ubaid1, Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar2 and Usman Haider1
...akistan and considered a heat loving plant cultivated in kharif and Rabi season. Okra fruit due to its nutrients like protein vitamin calcium potassium, value play an important role in Ghanaians diet. Sucking pest jassid become major problem on okra in tropical and subtropical regions and cause heavy losses. Neonicotinoid insecticide, like nitenpyram was used on calendar basis and ETL basis. Data was recorded on weekly basis. In first week jassid population in...
Sajid Ali Khan1, Mazhar Hussain Ranjha1, Azhar Abbas Khan2,*, Muhammad Sagheer1, Amjad Abbas1 and Zeshan Hassan2
...nsects were released in wheat grains treated with different concentrations of plant extracts. All the experiments were carried out in an incubator at 30±2ᵒC and 65±5% R.H using Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The results for repellency remained more significant for C. procera extract as compared to D. alba.While for growth the C. procera showed more significant differences. In case of mortality both D. alba and <...
Zubina Hameed1, Muhammad Azim Malik1, Safdar Ali1*, Muhammad Ansar1, Farina Shaheen1, Ijaz Ahmad2 and Khisrao Kalim3
...ajor problem of rainfed wheat of Pothwar Region of Pakistan. Due to subsistence kind of farming and dependence on rainfall, people are reluctant to do expenses on chemical control of weeds in wheat. Similarly, due to lack of awareness, they use wheat weeds as animal fodder and the hand weeding affects crop stand and its tillering which ultimately reduces the wheat<...
*Irum Javed1, Muhammad Asgher2, Sadia Noreen1, Humara Naz Majeed1 and Tanzila Sahar1
SOLID STATE FERMENTATION OF ASPERGILLUS NIGER FOR CITRIC ACID PRODUCTION USING AGRICULTURE RESIDUE AS SUBSTRATE
...n a second set of study wheat bran was utilized for citric acid production via fermentation parameters was optimized. The results showed significant (P≤ 0.05) difference among LSF and SSF and between different substrates in LSF and SSF. Wheat bran showed significantly increased (P≤ 0.05) production of citric acid (P= 0.001) compared to other carrier substrates used through SSF. It was observed that 4.5 pH, 60 % moistur...
Nazish Mazhar Ali1, Saiqa Andleeb2, Bushra Mazhar1, Anum Imtiaz1, Shaukat Ali2*
Assessment of antibiogram and resistogram of pathogenic bacteria isolated from irrigated wheat field water
...sociated with irrigated wheat field water. Study was carried out to check the efficacy of heavy metals and antibiotics against five isolated bacterial pathogens. Different morphological and biochemical tests were performed to identify and characterize bacterial pathogens. Among isolated strains, two belong to genus Staphylococcus spp., other two were Pseudomonas spp. and one strain belonged to genus Salmonella spp. Effect of various parameters such as temperat...
Nasir Raza Zaidi1, Mian Waheed Ahmad1, Mahesh Gautam1, Riffat Mehboob2*
Risk factors for multiple sclerosis in Pakistani population- A crosssectional study
...e it damages the myelin sheath
protecting the neurons. Many environmental and genetic factors have been associated with MS. The aim of this study
is to identify the possible risk factors that are linked to MS in Pakistani population. This study was conducted in
Department of Radiology, Mayo Hospital Lahore from 2013 to 2014. The first hundred patients who came for
reporting MRI of the brain and had positive findings of MS were retro...
protecting the neurons. Many environmental and genetic factors have been associated with MS. The aim of this study
is to identify the possible risk factors that are linked to MS in Pakistani population. This study was conducted in
Department of Radiology, Mayo Hospital Lahore from 2013 to 2014. The first hundred patients who came for
reporting MRI of the brain and had positive findings of MS were retro...
Haniya Mazhar1, Naaz Abbas2, Zahid Hussain3, Amir Sohail4, Syed Shahid Ali4*
Extracellular lipase production from Bacillus subtilis using agro-industrial waste and fruit peels
...cluding sunflower meal, wheat bran, oat bran, rice bran and sugar cane bagasse was 23.83, 12.17, 10.40 10.00 and 16.23 U/ml, respectively. The lipase production by B. subtilis using peels of different fruits, including banana, orange, water melon and melon as carbon source, was 27.17, 21.37, 10.57 and 8.43 U/ml, respectively. The corn cob produced 12.27 U/ml while waste oils of various industries produced 16.17 U/ml (Shan oil), 13.67 U/ml (automobile), 13.37 U...
Mohsin Arshad1, Muhammad Irfan*2, Asad-Ur-Rehman1, Muhammad Nadeem3, Zile Huma3, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir4, Quratulain Syed3
Optimization of medium and substrate for CMCase production by Bacillus subtilis-BS06 in submerged fermentation and its applications in saccharification
...h as sugarcane bagasse, wheat straw, rice husk, defatted
soybean meal, corn cobs and wheat bran were exploited for CMCase production
using different media (medium 1 (M1), medium II (M-II), medium III (M-III) &
medium IV (M-IV)).Of all these tested substrates, sugarcane bagasse was found to
be the most suitable substrate for CMCase production. The effect of shaking on the
production of C...
soybean meal, corn cobs and wheat bran were exploited for CMCase production
using different media (medium 1 (M1), medium II (M-II), medium III (M-III) &
medium IV (M-IV)).Of all these tested substrates, sugarcane bagasse was found to
be the most suitable substrate for CMCase production. The effect of shaking on the
production of C...
Faheem Ali1*, Muhammad Naeem Arbab1, Abdul Basit2, Muhammad Kashif Khan1, Gulzar Ahmad1 and Muhammad Amir1
... shaft power and process heat power, and could be used for planting, cultivating, pumping, harvesting, drying, cooking, baking, woodworking, forging and smelting etc. This results in lagging Volt-Ampere-Reactive (VARs), which must be balanced by the same number of leading VARs in order to ensure unity power factor, thus avoiding penalties on agricultural industry. Switched Capacitors and Voltage Regulators are used to cope with such a situation. Regulators res...
Khush Bukhat Zahid1*, Ghaffar Ali2, Samina Sabir1 and Mohammad Fayaz2
... crops, including rice, wheat and maize, in specific districts of Pakistan. This is done by observing year-to-year fluctuations in rainfall and temperature in relation to agricultural productivity for the period 1981-2009. For estimation purposes, the production function technique is used to evaluate the relationship between climate and yield variability. The results show that higher amount of rainfall has a negative and significant impact on the production of...
Abid Muhammad Shah1, Safdar Ali1*, Ijaz Ahmad2, Gulzada Wazir1, Obaidullah Shafique1, Muhammad Amir Hanif1, Bashir Ahmad Khan3 and Sumaira Zareen4
...the serious problems of wheat crop of Pothwar Region in Pakistan. To find out the remedy of the said issues a field experiment was conducted at University Research Farm, Chakwal Road, Rawalpindi during 2015-16 to investigate the effect of different herbicides and sowing methods on wheat productivity and population dynamics of weeds. Different wheat sowing methods (S) were Broadcasting, Lin...
Misbahullah, Shad Khan Khalil, Asim Muhammad*, Afza Tabassum and Shah Fahad
...creased weed density in wheat. Sorghum extract sprayed at 1:3 gave more days to anthesis (123.4), days to physiological maturity (155.0) and sorghum concentration applied at 1:4 gave significantly more tillers m-2 (194.5) and more spikelets spike-1 (21.0). Sorghum extract concentration with combination of weedicide sprayed at tillering stage gave less number of weeds (76), minimum weed fresh weight (170) and dry weight (132), increased days to heading (116.5),...
Muhammad Salman Wazir and Mohammad Akmal
...cation timing effect on wheat performance as sole or intercrop with other selected species. The study was conducted at Agronomy Research Farm, the University of Agriculture, Peshawar, during winter 2015-16. Treatments included cropping pattern viz. sole and intercrop of lines with 1:1 ratio i.e. one wheat row followed by one other crop species and 2:1 ratio i.e. two wheat rows followed by ...
Amara Amjad Hashmi1,2,*, Maqbool Hussain Sial3, Waqar Akram4 and Maaida Hussain Hashmi5,6
...sisting of staple food (wheat), (53%) and increased to (57%) from 2005 to 2014. We use the Heckman Approach to find out determinants of food insecurity. Results suggest that female headship plays a significant positive role in caloric intake, among the other variable head education, households’ member with basic education and higher education, live stock ownership, consumption of livestock produced at home, farming, consumption of food crop produced at h...
Jair Millán-Orozco1,*, Jersson Millán-Orozco2 and Luz María Tejada-Ugarte3
...the year, denoting great heat tolerance.
...
Babar Tasim1, Tariq Masood1*, Zafar Ali Shah1, Muhammad Arif2, Ata Ullah1, Ghazal Miraj3 and Muhammad Samiullah4
...ze cobs (Zea Mays, MC), Wheat straw (Triticum aestivum, WS), Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) bagasse (BG) and Animal dung (AD) were pyrolyzed at temperature range of 300-500 oC in order to compare the biochar samples obtained on the base of its physical and chemical properties. Physico-chemical characteristic such as pH, EC, proximate composition, macro and micronutrients, surface functional groups identification by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (F...
Raza Ullah1* and Jamal Shah2
...ovince of Pakistan. 330 wheat growers were selected using multistage sampling technique and Analysis of Variance was used to compare the average wheat yield of farmers using different combinations of the two risk coping tools namely, off-farm diversification and precautionary savings. The results suggested that adoption of risk coping tools, particularly the simultaneous adoption of multiple tools at the same time, significa...
Muhammad Rameez Khan1, Muhammad Imtiaz2, Farhatullah3, Sohail Ahmad1 and Sajid Ali1*
...="text-align: justify;">Wheat diseases remains the major constraint to wheat production across Pakistan, including rusts and powdery mildews. Although significant attention is given to rust diseases, powdery mildew is a less considered diseases so far, mainly due to lack of information on the prevalence across Pakistan. Surveillance for powdery mildew status assessment was conducted across Pakistan during three w
Ateeq ur Rehman1, Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi1*, Ummad-ud-Din Umar1, Muhammad Irfan Zafar1, Faqeer Hussain2, Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar3 and Azhar Ali Khan3
...nce among the available wheat germplasm in Pakistan against the deadly rust disease. 152 lines of the wheat were screened against brown and yellow rust of wheat which are a serious pathosystem of wheat throughout the world. Some varieties were found resistant some were found moderately resistant while some were in susceptible response against the both ru...
Sabi-ur-rehman1, Farooq Azam1, Shaheed Ur Rehman2, Tasbeeh Ur Rahman3, Ayeza Mehmood4, Afshan Gohar5 and Abdul Samad5*
...iarrhea, anemia, prickly heat and swellings etc. The plant has also reported to have pharmacological active phytochemicals i.e. conocarpan, conocarpol, gallic acid, ellagic acid, ellagitannin, castalagin, quercetin, myricetin and syringetin etc. The review expresses the ethanomedicinal potential of this plant specie as well as its importance in modern medicines. ...
Muhammad Shabir Shaheen1, Shahid Mehmood1, Athar Mahmud1, Jibran Hussain1, Ahmed Sultan Jatoi2, Muhammad Yaqoob3, Sohail Ahmad1 and Arshad Javid4,*
...irds were subjected to 4 heating systems during brooding (Floor Heating, Diesel, Gas and Electricity Bulb). Growth performances, blood glucose, cholesterol level and economic appraisal in term of running cost / Kg of live meat were recorded. The results revealed that all strains generally but Ross 308 particularly maintained on floor heating system (FH) exhibited significantly (P<0.05) ...
Aisha Siddiqua1*, Munir Ahmad1 and Nusrat Habib2
...tation in enhancing the wheat yield in Pakistan, and incentives that promote adaptation to climate change. We perform a counterfactual analysis and Multinomial Endogenous Switching (MES) regression model to analyze and compare the impact of different adaptation strategies in isolation or in combination on yield. The primary data of ‘Climate Change Impact Survey 2012-13’ used for this purpose. Crop-specific strategies of change in the time of sowing...
Sonia1, Khuram Nawaz Sadozai1*, Noor Paio Khan2, Abbas Ullah Jan1 and Gulnaz Hameed3
...ct of climate change on wheat productivity in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) Province, Pakistan. The nexus of wheat productivity with selected climatic variables that includes temperature, precipitation and humidity was also inquired through this research. Panel data of wheat crop’s input and aforesaid climatic variables for the period of thirty years (1985-2015) was employed to figure-out ...
Supply Response Analysis of Wheat Growers in District Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Farm Level Analysis
Farhan, Shahid Ali* and Syed Attaullah Shah
... demand elasticities of wheat growers in district Swabi of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. For this purpose, 160 wheat growers were selected through multi-stage stratified random sampling technique. Primary data was collected through well designed interview schedule. Normalized restricted trans log profit function was first approximated for further estimation of output supply and input demand elasticities. Results indicated th...
Naseer Ahmed Abbasi1, Mian Noor Hussain Asghar Ali1*, Bilawal Abbasi2, Shakeel Ahmed Soomro1, Najeeb Ahmed Khan Nangraj1, Jam Ghulam Mustafa Sahto1 and Sajjad Ahmed Morio1
...the land assessment for wheat production of Tando Allahyar district of Sindh Province. The present study able to provide grade performance suitability of lands for agricultural purposes; it could be more helpful for farmers of the research area. Fuzzy AHP methods could be beneficial for future studies for land suitability. The study finding have capabilities of different methods combined with fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the potential time and co...
Juan Augusto Hernández-Rivera1, Jaime Molina-Ochoa2,*, Luis Jorge García-Márquez1, Omar Francisco Prado-Rebolledo1, Rafael Julio Macedo-Barragán1, Arturo César García-Casillas1 and Muhammad Irfan Ullah3
...reproductive damages due heat stress. Breeding searching for tolerant heat stress genes and their incorporation in crossbreeding programs has gained interest in dairy cattlemen concerned by the global warming and greenhouse effect in the environment. This review shows and update of the crossbreeding in dairy cattle in both hemispheres. Here, is reviewed the effect of heat stress on dairy c...
Ali Raza Jahejo1,2, Nasir Rajput2, Wen-xia Tian1,*, Muhammad Naeem2, Dildar Hussain Kalhoro2, Asmatullah Kaka2, Sheng Niu1 and Fa-jie Jia1
...i>) and ascorbic acid in heat stressed broiler chicken. A total of 360 (Hubbard) one-day old broilers were reared under heat stress (38 ± 1°C) and randomly divided into three groups i.e. A, B and C as control, basil seed at 5g/kg and ascorbic acid at 200 mg/kg supplementation, respectively. Improvement of intestinal villus seen in basil supplementary group (P>0.05), and significant increase in the absorp...
Shahid Yousaf1*, Salman Khurshid1, Saqib Arif1, Hafiza Mehwish Iqbal1, Qurrat ul Ain Akbar1, Najmus Sahar1 and Ghulam Rasul2
...ate products.
...
Irfan Ullah*, Abbas Ullah Jan, Muhammad Fayaz, Amjad Ali and Atta Ullah Shah
... vegetables, beverages, wheat and wheat flour, rice, other cereals, pulses, oil and fats, tea and coffee, backed products and other food were considered for the study. The data given in the survey regarding commodity prices, quantity consumed, households’ food expenditures and demographic characteristics were considered for analysis. The uncompensated own price elasticity for milk, fruits, and baked products is greater...
Aqsa Khan1, Sabyan Faris Honey2*, Babar Bajwa2, Nelofer Jamil1 and Muhammad Sohail Mazhar2
...e. Two diets containing wheat germ in their composition as major protein source and one diet without wheat germ were used. Addition of wheat germ in the diet composition for larvae resulted in significantly high percent survival (maximum value) (60± 4.56 and 56± 2.56) and significantly increased larval body weight of codling moth (0.58± 0.04 and 0.42± 0.03 gm). ...
Syed Turab Raza1,*, Zhu Bo1,*, Zulfiqar Ali2 and Tang Jia Liang3
... as agricultural crops (wheat straw, rapeseed) and animal manure (pig manure, cow dung) is becoming an important issue in rapidly growing population. Vermicomposting by earthworms (Eisenia fetida) is useful technique to recover nutrients of plants such as NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium). A vermicomposting system using the earthworm species (Eisenia fetida) and treating it with cattle dung, pig manure and biochar with crop (w
Muqader Shah1,*, Hafsa Zaneb2, Saima Masood2, Rifat Ullah Khan1, Salahud Din1, Shakirullah3, Imad Khan2, Ambrina Tariq4 and Habib ur Rehman5
... thermoneutral zone; T2, heat stressed (HS); T3, HS + zinc (Zn) supplementation (30 mg/kg); T4, HS + Zn (60 mg/kg); T5, HS + probiotic; T6, HS + probiotic + Zn (30 mg/kg); T7, HS+ Zn (60 mg/kg) + probiotic. The results revealed that muscle pH, muscle fiber diameter (MFD) and muscle fiber cross sectional area (MFCSA) were significantly (P<0.05) higher in T2 compared to all other treatments under HS. Drip losses was significantly (P<0.01) lower in the trea...
Farhana Gul1*, Dawood Jan1 and Muhammad Ashfaq2
...me and poverty rates of wheat producers using extensive farm survey data from 150 farmers from different climatic zones of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan were measured in this study. TOA-MD model was used to measure the impact of climate change adaptation strategies. Adjustment in sowing time, improved fertilizer application method and increasing sowing densities were three-major adaptation practices whose benefits were analyzed. The adaptation results indicated...
Saqib Bashir* and Bashir Ahmad
...rtilizer requirement of wheat crop during 2013 and 2014. The experiment was carried out in randomized complete block design with split plot arrangements having four replications. Pigeon pea green manuring treatments as 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days post emergence were allotted to main plots, where crop was incorporated in soil at different days after emergence (DAE), this was done in previous season before sowing of wheat crop,...
Ashfaque Ahmed Nahiyoon1,*, Shahina Fayyaz2 and Nasira Kazi2
... crop of Pakistan after wheat and it occupies the largest area in Pakistan compared to other crops. Cotton is cultivated in Sindh on more than 1 million acres. Two popular varieties of cotton are grown in Sindh. The aim of the present study was to determine the diversity of plant parasitic and soil nematodes associated with cotton plants in Sindh. During 2017–2018 extensive surveys were conducted at the time of cropping and at harvesting and soil root sa...
Muhammad Adnan Islam1,2*, Muhammad Iqbal2, Zia-ul-Haq2,3, Muhammad Mohsin Ali1, Hafiz Sultan Mahmood1, Shabbir Ahmed Kalwar1, Liaqat Ali Shahid1, Badar Munir Khan Niazi1 and Muzammil Husain1
...="text-align: justify;">Wheat and cotton are two most important crops of Pakistan. Due to late picking of cotton, wheat growing period is delayed and the farmers sown wheat in the December and January due to long process of field preparation by conventional method. Zone disc tiller machine developed in the department of Farm Machinery and Power, was employed for sowing w
Gulnaz Saleem1, Aijaz Hussain Soomro1*, Nouman Rashid2 and Mehar un Nisa Narejo3
... biscuits produced from wheat; lentil flour was investigated in this study. This study showed significant (P<0.05) variation in physico-chemical characteristics of four lentil varieties. The NIA-Masoor variety showed higher values for ash, fat and fiber (3.02%, 3.02% and 10.99%) respectively. Whereas; PM-09 possessed higher moisture (13.89%); though Masoor-93 was higher in protein content (25.16%) than all other varieties. The supplementation resulted in a ...
Bushra Siddique1,*, Muhammad Tariq1, Muhammad Naeem1 and Muhammad Ali2
...were collected from wheat crop plants. They remained starved for two days before Olfactometer bioassays. For D. rapae, mummified aphidswere collected from wheat crop. Naive females were subjected to olfactometer tests. Seven different combined treatments of semiochemicals and plant extract were applied on filter paper strips at 3% concentration. The filter paper strips were placed in arms of olfactometer. The cont...
Muhammad Sohail1*, Asad Sultan2, Said Sajjad Ali Shah3, Muhammad Sajid1 and Adnan Khan4
...y of cereal grains like wheat, maize, sorghum and their cultivars in quail birds. A total of 270 quail birds were raised in cages having three main groups, one each for wheat (W), maize (M), sorghum (S) and six subgroups for the collection of fecal samples and further analyses. Nutrient profile, digestibility coefficients, and apparent metabolizable energy were investigated. Fat percentage and metabolizable energy was higher...
Muhammad Usman Ghani1*, Muti Ur Rehaman Khan1, Asim Aslam1, Zubair Shabbir2, Li Bo3 and Naveed Anwar4
...iodically thermo cycling heating and cooling of DNA in presence of certain chemical reagents. In order to detect and differentiate parapox infections from those induced by pox virus. A new parapox specific and sensitive PCR assay based on amplification of B2L gene was applied against conserved gene of Orf virus. Crusted scraps and biopsies from different portion of skin and blood were taken as sample for PCR. Gross, histopathological, hematological examination...
Hayat Zada and Ahmad-ur-Rahman Saljoqi*
...e attributed to Apple + Wheat (61.47±1.11) followed by sole (52.75±1.23). The results further confirmed that maximum yield losses (31.51%) were avoided by the intercrop Apple + Trifolium and gain in the yield (43.90%) over control was also featured to the same intercrop, whilst all other intercrops were inferior in avoiding the loses and gain in the yield.
...
Muamber Shah1, Muhammad Subhan Qureshi1, Rifat Ullah Khan1, Muhammad Mobashar1, Mubashar Ali Khalique2, Irfan Khattak3, Ambrina Tariq4, Ijaz Ahmad1 and Shabana Naz5,*
...nt breeds of bulls under heat stress condition.
...
Shakeel Ahmad Anjum1, Sami Ullah1*, Muhammad Mohsin Raza2, Mohsin Raza1, Muhammad Abbas3, Ijaz Ahmad4, Malik Muhammad Yousaf2, Muhammad Zeshan5, Adeel Abbas1, Mehmood Ali Noor1 and Mohsin Nawaz1
...illing growth stages of wheat crop respectively. Results revealed that B application at the rate of 0.05 M solution substantially increased plant height, productive tillers, 1000 grain-weight and final grain yield. It was observed that 0.05 M B applications at delayed growth stages after booting is less effective in improvement of yield attributes of wheat crop as compared to booting stage. Economic analysis revealed that 0....
Shumaila Sadiq1,2*, Abdul Saboor2, Fouzia Jamshaid3, Abdul Qayyum Mohsin2 and Azeem Khalid2
...Mixed Punjab and Cotton-Wheat Sindh were the least vulnerable to climate change. In depth analysis of variables of sub-indices suggested that weather related hazards, coupled with extreme cold and hot months were much higher in Punjab. Drought impact was found higher in KPK and Balochistan followed by Sindh. Increasing share of small farmers and food insecure population also resulted in an increase in the sensitivity of farming community almost in all agro-cli...
Asad Ullah Khan1, Wiqar Ahmad1*, Amir Raza2, Farmanullah Khan3 and Muhammad Sharif3
...th efficiency of the 10 wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes under sand culture including Batoor-2007, Barsat (NRL 0320), Fakhr-e-Sharhad-99 (FS-99), Tatara-96 (WS 395), Paktunkhwa-15 (PR-103), NIFA Lalma (NRL 0517), Pirsabak 2013, NIFA Insaf (NRL 0707), Shahkar-2015 and Pirsabak 2015 (PR-105). Pots were arranged in completely randomized design in a glass-house at the Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture (NIFA), Peshawar, during 2016. Hoagland solution...
Raja Imran Hussain* and Iqra Yousaf
...various crops including wheat. The goal of this study was to evaluate the shifts of rodent abundances among five sets of three different habitat types (human dwellings, agricultural and non-agricultural land). It was also expected that trapping in non-agricultural land and human dwellings could reduce wheat damage. 30 trap stations were placed in each cropland, non-agricultural land and human dwellings for twelve months. Rod...
Unal Kilic1*, Abdiwali Mohamoud Abdi1 and Deniz Ekinci2
...ge, 3 different straws (wheat straw, soybean straw, sorghum straw), which comprise of 2 different LiP enzyme treatments (Available –Not Available) and 4 different treatment groups (control, 4% urea, 10% molasses and 14% urea+molasses (4% urea, 10% molasses). Hohenheim gas test was used in in vitro gas production measurements while infrared methane analyzer was used to determine methane production. The experiments were conducted as per the randomiz...
Naimat Ullah1, Sarzamin Khan2, Muhammad Mobashar3, Shahbaz Javaid4*, Tarique Tonio1 and Asif Mahmood5
... reduce the influence of heat stress on reproductive performance and thus enhances the semen quality.
...
Rashid Iqbal1,2, Mathias Neumann Andersen1*, Muhammad Aown Sammar Raza2, Muhammad Adil Rashid1 and Salman Ahmad2
...d related attributes of wheat. These irrigation treatments were started at anthesis stage and maintained for 30 days. For FI and DI, 100 and 50% of evapotranspiration (ET) was replaced by irrigating the entire pot surface every 4-5 days. For PRD, root system was split into two equal halves and during each irrigation event, only one-half of the root system was irrigated with the same amount of water as applied to DI, and subsequently, irrigation was switched to...
Zubaria Malik, Zahir Shah* and Muhammad Tariq
...MF in soil and roots of wheat and maize crops in a rotation experiment involving cereals {wheat (Triticum aestivum), maize (Zea mays L.)} and legumes {chickpea (Cicer arientinum), mungbean (Vigna radiata)} in a calcareous alkaline soil of Peshawar valley during 2015/16 and 2016/17. This study was conducted in an already established experiment which was in a randomized complete block design with split plot settings. Keeping c...
Durr-e-Nayab*, Iftikhar Hussain Khalil, Fida Mohammad and Shad Khan Khalil
...ustify;">Five synthetic wheat lines and four cultivars were crossed in line × tester fashion in 2012-13 to develop 20 F1 hybrids. Parents and F1 hybrids were evaluated during 2013-14 wheat season at the University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan under normal (November, 10) and late (December, 15) planting environment using a triplicate Randomized Complete Block design. Genotype × environment interac tion acr...
Rizwan Ahmad and Muhammad Zulfiqar*
...of change in climate on wheat productivity in Lakki Marwat. A combination of multi-stage sampling and simple random sampling used to select five Union Councils (UCs), one village council from each UC and one village from each village council. Out of 611 households (HHs), 180 head/elders selected through random sampling process were interviewed. The secondary data, spread over 30 years from 1984 to 2013 pertaining to temperature, precipitation, area under culti...
Sanaullah and Urooba Pervaiz*
...Mean value obtained for wheat yield was 325 kg/acre after extension trainings. Similarly, a significant increase for tomato (449 kg/acre), onion (298 kg/acre) and okra (232 kg/acre) yield was found after the delivery of improved farming practices through extension trainings. Tomato income was increased with a significant mean difference of Rs.104457 after extension recommendations. It is concluded that extension department performed well in the empowerment of ...
Muhammad Waqas, Shahid Ali*, Syed Attaullah Shah and Ghaffar Ali
...;Unirrigated area under wheat crop in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan remains larger (55.6%) as compared to irrigated area (44.4%) for the last four decades. This study therefore analysed supply response of unirrigated wheat in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa during 1981-2017. Data was obtained from Agricultural Statistics of Pakistan, Pakistan Bureau of Statistics, Development Statistics of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Pakistan Meteorological De...
Muhammad Ilyas* and Fida Mohammad
...ion using 55 F5:8 bread wheat recombinant inbred lines (RILs) with five checks. Experimental material was planted using alpha lattice design in two replicates at Peshawar (E1and E5), Kohat (E2 and E6), Sarai Naurang (E3 and E7) and Dera Ismail Khan (E4 and E8) (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) during 2014/15 and 2015/16. Locations in each year were considered as independent environments. Pooled ANOVA revealed significant interaction due to GE for days to heading, days to m...
Matiullah Khan*, Shameemul Sibtain Shah, Atiqullah Khan, Muhammad Sarwar and Shoaib Ahmed
...rison to DAP on rainfed wheat. Almost 50 bags of SSP were prepared using formula “100 kg of indigenous HRP with total P2O5 content of X and mesh size 160 when treated with 60 liters (50% diluted) H2SO4 (volume/volume), followed by proper curing, yields SSP of almost X/2 % extractable P2O5”. The P was applied @ 57.5 kg P2O5 ha-1 both from prepared SSP and DAP to wheat crop on equal P2O5 basis. Also, Phosphate Solu...
Muhammad Suleman1,*, Abu ul Hassan Faiz2, Muhammad Shahbaz2 and Ayesha Riaz3
...erent concentrations of wheat bran as carbon source (2.5, 3.0, and 3.5 %) on the production of xylanase. Submerged fermentation was carried out in 500 ml Erlenmeyer flasks using vogel’s medium at 35°C for five days. UV irradiated A. niger has significantly increased the xylanase production as compared to parent strains. Twenty minutes exposure of A. niger was considered suitable for the production of xylanase. W...
Muhammad Zameer Khan1, Sair Sarwar1*, Ahmad Khan1, Razaullah Khan1, Munazza Yousra1 and Muhammad Ilyas2
...entration and uptake by wheat. Two extractants namely, AB-DTPAand NH4OAc were tested for K extraction from soils. The results showed a high positive correlation between AB-DTPA and NH4OAc extractable K, plant growth and yield parameters. The amounts of soil K had positive correlation with shoot K concentration and grain yield of wheat with r = 0.48 and 0.49, respectively for AB DTPA as compared to that ...
Faheem Aslam1*, Aneel Salman1 and Inayatullah Jan2
...div>...
Abdul Majeed1*, Muhammad Anwar-ul-Haq2, Abid Niaz3, Abid Mahmood4, Naeem Ahmad1 and Hafiz Muhammad Walyat Ali Khan1
...to screen salt tolerant wheat varieties grown in hydroponic and soil medium on the basis of plant photosynthetic rate, potassium (K+) and sodium (Na+) contents. Twenty wheat genotypes/varieties were grown in hydroponic culture, having different residual sodium carbonate (RSC), electrical conductivity (EC), and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR). A substantial decrease in plant photosynthetic rate, and potass...
Wiqar Ahmad1*, Farmanullah Khan2, Muhammad Sharif2 and Muhammad Jamal Khan2
...e cropping patterns viz wheat after maize, lentil after maize and wheat-lentil intercrop after maize in main plots and four fertilizer treatments viz the control, farmer’s practice (FP) (N:P2O5 @ 60:45 and 15:30 kg ha-1 for cereals and lentils), recommended dose (RD) (N:P2O5:K2O @ 120:90:60 and 30:60:0 kg ha-1 for cereal and lentils) and integ...
Asma Hassan*, Zuhair Hasnain, Shahzada Sohail Ijaz, Muhmmad Ansar, Muhmmad Rasheed, Ajaz Ahmad, Lubna Ayub Durani and Muhmmad Bilal Ali
...luded were fallow–wheat (Triticum aestivum), (FW, control), mungbean (Vigna radiata)–wheat (MW), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)–wheat (SW), green manure–wheat (GW) and mungbean-chickpea (MC) (Cicer arietinum). In summer in 2010-11 the highest nitrogen (N) concentration was under MT with GW (5.5 mg kg-1), 2011-12 it was more in GW (6.13...
Muhammad Khuram Razzaq1,2*, Saeed Rauf1, Mohsin Khurshid3, Shahid Iqbal1,4, Javaid Akhter Bhat2, Ayaz Farzand5, Adeel Riaz1,6, Guangnan Xing2 and Junyi Gai2
...ic studies results under heat stress in sunflower showed additive to partial dominance towards higher pollen viability in the inheritance showing that trait can be improved through selection in segregating generations. In this review, we have mainly considered the effect of abiotic stresses on pollen viability, selection and methods for the improved pollen viability and the management of heat stress. ...
Matiullah Khan1*, Motsim Billah2, Shoaib Ahmad1, Raza Ullah Khan1 and Muhammad Sarwar1
...roorganisms (EM) on the wheat during 2010-11. Both experiments were conducted consecutively, in the same lay out of randomized complete block design with three repeats. Various doses of PEC (6, 4, 2 Mg ha-1) were compared with simple poultry-litter compost (PLC) as 8 Mg ha-1, single super phosphate (SSP) fertilizer as 100 kg P2O5 ha-1 and control. The results showed that PEC at 6 Mg ha-1gave 14.7% and 7.7% increased paddy yield and 14.7% and 11.9%-increased to...
Hina Fatima1*, Abdul Jabbar2 and Khurram Nawaz3
...technical efficiency of wheat crop in Pakistan. A formal survey of 430 wheat crop farmers was conducted in the district of Rahim Yar Khan in year 2014. In order to estimate the impact of farm inputs on wheat crop production, Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) was used. The major objectives of this survey were to identify factors of variation and effect of planting of w
Saifullah* and Ihsan Mabood Qazi
...formation regarding the wheat varieties grown in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, this study was design to investigate the chemical composition, functional properties and microstructure of fine wheat flour (FWF) and whole wheat flour (WWF) of the selected varieties. These varieties were collected from different research stations located in the province. The grains were milled using laboratory scale flo...
Shahid Ali1*, Farhan1, Murtaza1, Neelum Andaleeb2 and Amjad Ali1
...technical efficiency of wheat growers in Swabi district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A four stage random sampling technique was used to collect data from 160 respondents. Stochastic frontier production (SFP) function was used to analyze the technical efficiency of wheat growers. The Maximum Likelihood estimates of the model-1 showed that seed quantity, urea, chemicals (Pesticides and weedicides), labor and tractor hours ...
Muhammad Israr* and Noor Khan
...o; adoption of improved wheat seed technology in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. A sample of 336 wheat growers, consisted of equal number of FSC registered and non-registered farmers, was selected from Northern, Central and Southern climatic zones of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The selected wheat growers were interviewed for data collection. Binary Logistic regression analysis was conduct...
Mehwish Faheem1*, Maleeha Rafeeq1, Aisha Majeed1 and Saba Khaliq2
... liver cyp1a1 and heat shock proteins mRNA level was evaluated using real time qPCR. Results revealed that exposure to bisphenol A caused decrease expression of cyp1a1 in a concentration dependent manner. Exposure to graded concentrations of bisphenol-A resulted in significant increase in mRNA expression of heat shock proteins (hsp70 and hsp90). In the light of present results, expression of cy...
Arjumand Nizami1, Jawad Ali2 and Muhammad Zulfiqar3
...where South is already a heat surplus zone). These trends are crucial in terms of disasters with likelihood of spring / monsoon floods and winter drought. ...
Qamar Zeb1*, Silvia I. Rondon2, Hayat Badshah,1 and Arsalan Khan1
...heir natural enemies in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Thus, twenty Pakistani wheat cultivars were grown at the Agricultural Research Institute in Tarnab-Peshawar, Pakistan during the winter (‘rabi’ in local language) season. Plots were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replicates per treatment/cultivar. Population of aphids, and numbers of parasitoids and predators were recor...
Urooba Pervaiz1*, Madeeha Iqbal1 and Dawood Jan2
...mmendations. In case of wheat production was increased from 1177.50 kg/acre after extension recommendations to 1806.25 kg/acre. ...
Nazir Ahmad Khan1,*, Mudassir Alam1, Rafiullah khan1, Kamran Khan2 and Sadeeq ur Rahman3
...International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Pakistan. The content of CP was higher in QPM300 (10.8% dry matter (DM)) and QPM200 (9.12% DM) than the CM (7.78% DM). Moreover, QPM200 and QPM300 had higher contents (% of DM) of methionine (0.20-0.24 vs. 0.12), threonine (0.43-0.69 vs. 0.17), and tryptophan (0.07 each vs. 0.05) as compared to CM. For testing the QPM in broiler feeds, four iso-nitrogenous and iso-caloric feeds wer...
Muhammad Sohail1*, Imtiaz Hussain2, Maqsood Qamar2, Sikander Khan Tanveer2, Syed Haider Abbas2, Zeshan Ali1 and Muhammad Imtiaz3
...nerally considered main wheat yield limiting factors in rainfed environment, especially during reproductive growth stages. However, variability might exist among wheat genotypes in response to stressful conditions. The objective of the study was to test the climatic adaptability potential of the wheat genotypes using canopy temperature measurement as physiological indicator. The trial was ...
Muhammad Asim1*, Asghari Bano2, Sikander Khan Tanveer3 and Muhammad Umair Aslam4
...ncern around the globe. Wheat, being one of the staple food commodities, is of utmost importance for millions. However, its productivity is determined by various genotypic, environmental and crop management factors. In this study, we elaborated the role of these factors, in rainfed agro-ecology, using data of six genotypes, grown in four sowing windows over six years. The rainfed wheat productivity is predominantly determine...
Nihat Tekel1, Ilkay Baritci1, Halit Deniz Sireli1, Muhittin Tutkun1, Ecevit Eyduran2 and Mohammad Masood Tariq3,*
...ated feed and 100 g/day wheat straw was given to each animal during the fattening period of 64 days. During the fattening period, it was determined that daily live weight gains in lambs were 0.278±0.019 kg and feed conversion ratio were 4.79. The average final live weight, cold carcass weight, dressing percentage, leg ratio, foreleg ratio, tail ratio and cooling loss of lambs were found as 33.62±0.968 kg, 14.91±0.627 kg, 44.67±0.008...
Ajmalud Din1*, Munir Ahmad2, Fahad Masoud Watto2, Sheraz Ahmed1, Imtiaz Ali1 and Muhammad Kausar Nawaz Shah2
... threat limiting global wheat production. Adaptability of wheat genotypes to drought stress is an important objective in wheat breeding. This study was carried out to understand the effect of drought stress on growth and development, and to identify drought tolerant wheat genotypes. Thirty wheat genotypes of diverse ge...
Kalpana Polisetty1* and Kiran Kumar Paidipati2
...="text-align: justify;">Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the basic required and stable food of every household from centuries. It has an important place in the world as it possesses high potential in nutrition point of view, gives good health, covers food security, etc. All the researchers are very much enthusiastic to know the growth and decline rates of trends in wheat production because of its high benefits. The main objec...
Malak Atiq Ullah Khan1*, Fida Mohammad2, Fahim Ullah Khan3, Sheraz Ahmad2, Mian Ahmad Raza1 and Tariq Kamal1
...oping relatively stable wheat cultivars. A multi-environment trial (MET) was conducted to assess the pattern of genotype by environment interaction (GEI) effects on yield using multiple stability models viz. Additive Main effect and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI), GGE biplot analysis and stability parameters. Eighty-one wheat genotypes were evaluated during three consecutive years (2013/14, 2014/15 and 2015/16) across nin...
Sumaira Akram1, Sajid Aleem Khan1*, Nazir Javed1 and Saeed Ahmad2
...n Pakistan the yield of wheat is extremely low as compared to many other developing countries. Among several factors, responsible for low crop yield, MGis an emerging threat. In vitro hatching percentage of MG was evaluated that was varied significantly at different concentration of chemicals, bio control agents and plant extracts. Among chemicals, cartap was most effective with lowest egg hatching and among biocontrol agents Paecilomyces lilacinus <...
Gulnaz Afzal1, Ghulam Mustafa2*, Shakila Mushtaq3 and Amer Jamil4
...ion of Araneid fauna in wheat fields are remarkably distinguished which may help to understand the biology, biogeography and the long-standing controversies of their systematic studies.
...
Muhammad Yahya1, Muhammad Afzal1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Imtiaz Sarwar1, Khurram Shehzad2, Muhammad Luqman3 and
Sher Muhammad Shahzad2
...arcane, fodder and rice-wheat fields, intercropped and non-intercropped citrus and guava orchards, natural grassland, bare land and wetland peripheries) using population abundance and dynamics of edaphic springtails (collembola) and mites (acari) as bioindicators. Using metallic soil corer (10 cm length and 10 cm diameter), extensive random soil sampling was carried out from selected localities in district Sargodha (Punjab, Pakistan) and soil microarthropods (...
Hamza Rehman*, Nida Ahmad Khan, Asad Ali, Warda Batool and Kanwal Razzaq
...espectively. On treated wheat, thiamethoxam provided 82.61% while imidacloprid gave 78.18% mean mortality of khapra larvae at 2ppm after 72 hours. Mortality was dose and exposure dependent. Results demonstrated that thiamethoxam was more lethal as compared to imidacloprid for concern insects. ...
Saima Asad1*, Irfan Ahmad Baig2, Abdul Saboor3 and Rashid Mahmood4
...e (increase) in zone I (Wheat/Rice Punjab), III (Cotton/Wheat Punjab), IV (lower Intensity Punjab) (II Mixed Punjab, V Rain fed/Barani Punjab). Similarly, outcomes of MDI shows consistence declining trend over time across all agro climatic zones of Punjab because a significant improvement in education and health sector has been observed over time and also population access toward basic housing services also increases that mi...
Celalettin Gözüaçik1,*, Mustafa Güllü2, Ayda Konuksal3, Reşat Değirmenci3 and Ercan Akerzurumlu3
...tant pest in barley and wheat in Northern Cyprus. This study was carried out to identify the larval parasitoids and to determine the parasitism rate of S. temperatella. These studies were conducted in 42 cereal fields of 18 villages in Lefkoşa, Girne, Güzelyurt, Gazimağusa and İskele townships in 2012-2013 years, and 1567 and 862 larvae were collected in the two years, respectively. Larvae were kept inside boxes covered with nets in the laborato...
Pushpa1, Nighat Seema Soomro1, Shahla Karim Baloch2, Mehmooda Buriro1, Aijaz Ahmed Soomro1, Muhammad Tahir Khan3, Qamar Uddin Jogi1*, Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro1 and Farheen Deeba Soomro1
...="text-align: justify;">Wheat productivity and quality is significantly impaired by weeds’ infection which compete for water, nutrients and sunlight. This study was conducted to determine the allelopathic effect of weed species on germination and seedling traits of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Wheat varieties Amber and TJ83 were subjected to powder of Chenopodium album, Convolvulus ...
Noor-us-Sabah1*, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Ghulam Sarwar1 and Sher Muhammad2
...c amendments were done. Wheat (Punjab-2011) was used as a test crop. Harvesting was done at maturity stage of crop. Soil samples collection was done from each pot and fertility parameters were studied. The results suggested that soil fertility status and biomass of wheat significantly increased by incorporation of full dose of press mud, poultry manure and compost. ...
Renlong Lv1*, Ken-Ichi Horiguchi2, Shin-Ichi Tagawa3, Shoichi Ichihara4 and Norio Yoshida5
...ermentation in sheep fed heat-treated jatropha meal. The experiment was performed twice (experiment I and II). The subjects were 6 wethers. They were divided into two treatments (rapeseed diet and jatropha diet) randomly and were tested by using a cross over method. Rapeseed meal and jatropha meal were relaced to the feed as a concentrate with proportion of 5% in experiment I and 10% in experiment II. The ingestion rate of sheep fed the jatropha diet was lower...
Muhammad Jamal Nasir*, Anwar Saeed Khan, Said Alam and Riyasat Sultan
...s, refuge from scorching heat of summer are the major causes of seasonal migration. There used to be a time when almost every household use to move to pasture before the onsets of summers, but today in Utla out of total 745 households, only 40 households practice seasonal migrations. Though seasonal migration in village Utla is as old as the village by itself, it is on decline. The field survey suggested that Decrease in the number of Livestock, increasing Emp...
Muhammad Usman Saleem, Nadeem Iqbal, Shawaiz Iqbal*, Usama Bin Khalid, Adila Iram, Muhammad Akhter, Tahir Latif and Tahir Hussain Awan
...food in Pakistan, after wheat and is generally cultivated through raising nursery seedlings and transplanting them in puddled soils. Declining surface water, high cost of pumped groundwater, high labor costs, and drudgery in manually transplanted rice (TPR) have motivated researchers to develop alternated technology such as direct seeded rice (DSR). About 30% of total water used in rice cultivation is consumed for puddling of soil (land preparation) and transp...
Bilal Atta1*, Muhammad Rizwan1, Arshed Makhdoom Sabir1, Muhammad Dildar Gogi2, Muhammad Sabar1, Bakhtawar3, Faizan Ali3 and Mehran Sarwar3
...taneum infesting stored wheat. The results have suggested that mortality and repellency in T. castaneum increased as the dose rate of crude plant extracts and exposure interval increased. The maximum mortality (86.67%) was achieved with the highest dose of crude extract of Z. officinale (80mg per 7.5g wheat) at 10 days exposure interval. Similarly, the highest dose of Z. officinale extract (80ml) was responsible to cause 100...
Fazal Haq*, Asia Parveen, Safdar Hussain and Arshad Hussain
...r the three major crops wheat, potato and alfalfa grown in the study area and to maximize the net profit per year. The research study deals with statistical facts and figures so quantitative method of research is approached. The growers of the major crops were the targeted population and random sampling technique is used to select the sample. Self made questionnaires, filled through interviewed process from the random selected farmers were used as a tool for c...
Afzal Nimra1, Zulfiqar Ali1*, Safdar Sidra 2, Rida Ahmad1
...e Orthopaedic Operation Theater (OOT), Orthopaedic Wards (OW) and Orthopaedic Emergency Rooms (OER) of six hospitals, in Lahore, Pakistan. Overall, the average levels of Cd, As and Ni (31, 20, and 37 ng/m3) were lower indoors as compared to outdoors (39, 21, and 51 ng/m3) except Pb. The high indoor levels of Pb (113 ng/m3) as compared to outdoors (85 ng/m3) suggested pronounced indoor sources. The average indoor-outd...
Abid Khan*, Mukhtar Alam and Yousaf Jamal
...d biochemical traits of wheat” for two years at Agricultural Research Station Buner, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The experiments were laid out using three factors factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Bio-aab was used as a source of (BM) culture. Microbes present in this culture were species of photosynthetic bacteria (Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Rhodobacter spaeroides), lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus plantarum...
Muhammad Salim1*, Ayhan Gökçe1, Muhammad Nadir Naqqash1 and Orkun Ersoy2
...us earth was applied to wheat grain at the rates of 100, 250, 300, 500, 750, 1000, 1500 and 2000 mg/Kg. Adult mortalities were assessed after 7, 14 and 21 days. Mortality rates rose with increases in dosage and length of exposure. Significantly higher mortality (89.75±3.66%) after one week occurred in grains treated with the highest concentration (2000 mg/Kg). At the highest concentration (2000 mg/Kg), the mortality reached as high as 100% after 2 weeks...
Wajiha Anum1*, Liaquat Ali1, Umair Riaz2*, Abid Ali1, Nadia Manzoor3, Laal Hussain Akhter4, Asad Ur Rahman5, Naeem Maan6 and Ijaz Ahmad7
...ious threats to healthy wheat crop growth. Among the major nutrients, Phosphorus (P) stands at a significant position for providing aid in seed and fruit formation, energy provision, photosynthesis, and continuation of metabolic function in plants. However, it is not readily available to the crop because of its immobile nature. In order to ensure its efficient uptake by crop, an experiment was conducted to appraise the effect of various P placement methods and...
Muhammad Abu Bakar Siddique1, Faisal Sohail Fateh2*, Zia-Ur-Rehman1 and Humayun Saleem1
...r the world after rice, wheat and maize. Nutritionally potato is rich in vitamins (B1, B2 and B6), minerals (potassium, phosphorus and magnesium), pantothenic acid and riboflavin. Major potato producing districts in Punjab are Okara, Sahiwal, Kasur, Sialkot, Sheikhupura, Narowal, Lahore, Pakpattan, Jhang, TobeTek Singh and Gujranwala. Potato is attacked by a number of diseases including early blight of potato, black scurf disease of potato, stem canker and pow...
Imad Hassan1, Bilal-ur-Rehman2, Muhammad Amir2, Faheem Ali2*, Salman Ilahi2 and Amjad Ali3
...ole in the production of heat and electricity worldwide. The emission of particulate matter pollution from biomass combustion has drawn significant attention because of its harmful effects on human health and environment. Consequently, it becomes important to have a simple and cost effective solution to avoid the problems of air pollution due to the combustion of biomass. Using an Electrostatic Precipitator (ESP) is an effective method for the removal of parti...
Rana Shahzad Noor1,2*, Fiaz Hussain2, Muhammad Umair2, Waqas Aslam2, Muhammad Ameen4, Muhammad Adnan Islam3 and Muhammad Sheraz2
...on main crop peanut and wheat + second crop peanut in order to evaluate crop yield, fuel consumption and to perform economic analysis. Two years study results showed that the main crop peanut yields changed between 4331.0 kg ha-1 and 5486.6 kg ha-1, while second crop peanut yields changed between 2670.6 kg ha-1 and 3388.8 kg ha-1. The highest yield for main crop and crop peanut under different tillage methods was 2097.8 kg ha-1, while the lowest yield was obse...
Javed Iqbal1, Ali Zohaib1*, Muzzammil Hussain1, Adnan Bashir1, Muhammad Hamza2, Wardah Muzaffer3, Muhammad Tahir Latif1 and Naeem Faisal1
...="text-align: justify;">Wheat productivity could be improved by ridge sowing with optimized seed rate for different varieties. This 3-years study was conducted to determine the optimum seed rate for different varieties of ridge sown wheat for better yield and related components. Wheat varieties (Faisalabad-08, Punjab-11 and Galaxy-13) were sown on ridges using two different seed rates (125...
I. Erum, K. Nasira, H. Sagir, S. Raza and Firoza, K.
Description of Discolaimus miniodontii n.sp. and Laevides hunderansis n. sp. with notes on Discolaimoides spatilabium (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) from District Ghizer, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan
...th conspicuous muscular sheath in the expended part of oesophagus; basal part of oesophagus expended gradually 51-54% of the total neck length. Laevides hunderansis n. sp., collected from district Ghizer village, Hunder of Gilgit-Baltistan is characterized by the smallest body (0.7-0.8mm), small moral tooth (7-8 µm), short spicule, gubernaculum and tail length (24, 5, 14µm, respectively) and by the presence of one supplement within the spicular ran...
S. Ahmed† , L. Yue, Q. Liu and H. Jian
Evaluation of media for mass production and fermentation of Pseudomonas spp. for integrated management of cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae)
...bean Cake Powder 20g/L, Wheat bran 20g/L, NaCl 4g/L) followed by No.10 (Corn flour 40g/L, Soybean Cake Powder 30g/L, Yeast Extract 5g/L, Wheat bran 20g/L, NaCl 4g/L, KH2PO4 5/L, MgSO4 1.5g/L), No.08 (Corn flour 17g/L, Glucose 10g/L, Soybean Cake Powder 25g/L, Maltose 10g/L, Yeast Extract 5g/L) and No.05 (Corn flour 5g/L, Yeast Extract 1.5g/L, Fish Peptone 2.5g/L, Soybean Cake Powder 20g/L, Peptone 0.75g/L, KH2PO4 3g/L, CaCO3...
Tajwali Khan1*, Ihtzaz Qamar1, Feroz Shah2, Kareem Akhtar2, Rehman Akhtar3
MODEL FOR FUEL DROPLET EVAPORATION IN COMBUSTION CHAMBER OF LIQUID PROPELLANT ROCKET ENGINES
...t
engine based on heat and mass transfer. Effect of the fuel droplet curvature on vapor pressure is incorporated in the
model. The model is applied on a small-scale combustion chamber of bi-propellant liquid rocket engine where fuel
concentration away from droplet is not zero. A code is generated and applied. The results of the model show that
fuel droplet diameter, combustion chamber pressure, chamber diameter, mass flow rate and d...
engine based on heat and mass transfer. Effect of the fuel droplet curvature on vapor pressure is incorporated in the
model. The model is applied on a small-scale combustion chamber of bi-propellant liquid rocket engine where fuel
concentration away from droplet is not zero. A code is generated and applied. The results of the model show that
fuel droplet diameter, combustion chamber pressure, chamber diameter, mass flow rate and d...
Naveed ul Hasan Syed*1, Qurat-ul-Ain1, Muddasar Habib1, Naseer Ahmed Khan1, Sultan Ali1
A SYSTEMATIC STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF PROCESS VARIABLES ON THE OVERALL HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENT IN A SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER
... out on a shell and tube heat exchanger (STHx) to examine the influence
of process variables such as hot and cold water flow rate, and the hot water inlet temperature on the overall
heat transfer coefficient (U). The results show that the U increased with increasing the hot water and cold water flow
rates. Similarly, the increase in hot water inlet temperature, improved heat
of process variables such as hot and cold water flow rate, and the hot water inlet temperature on the overall
heat transfer coefficient (U). The results show that the U increased with increasing the hot water and cold water flow
rates. Similarly, the increase in hot water inlet temperature, improved heat
M. Ihsan Ul Haq1, Ahmad Hussain2*, Farzana Yasmeen3, Shafiq R. Qureshi4
LIFE CYCLE COSTING AND PAYBACK PERIOD EVALUATION OF A SOLAR THERMAL DESALINATION SYSTEM
...ecovery of
latent heat of condensation make this system a sustainable option for desalination. In this paper, economic analysis
of the solar thermal desalination system of saline water is presented. The unit cost of desalinated water is found to
be US$ 0.0147 per litre. The energy and emission payback (EEP) period for vacuum chamber and solar collector
has also been presented. The energy payback period of solar collector and vacuum ...
latent heat of condensation make this system a sustainable option for desalination. In this paper, economic analysis
of the solar thermal desalination system of saline water is presented. The unit cost of desalinated water is found to
be US$ 0.0147 per litre. The energy and emission payback (EEP) period for vacuum chamber and solar collector
has also been presented. The energy payback period of solar collector and vacuum ...
Muhammad Shahzad Khattak*1, Barkatullah1, Ayesha Aziz1, Jamil Ahmad2, Mohammad Sharif3, Mukand Singh Babel4, Muhammad Fahad5
IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON CROP WATER REQUIREMENT UNDER MULTI - REPRESENTATIVE CONCENTRATION PATHWAYS DURING MID-CENTURY: A CASE STUDY OF D. I. KHAN
...r requirements (CWR) of wheat and maize crops of the study area during mid (2040-2059) century under emission
scenarios based on Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs). The methodology employed here involves
the comparison of temperature and precipitation data projected by different GCM with the observed data. The delta
change and ratio method was used to obtain the corrected value of temperature and Precipitation (PPT) for the
...
scenarios based on Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs). The methodology employed here involves
the comparison of temperature and precipitation data projected by different GCM with the observed data. The delta
change and ratio method was used to obtain the corrected value of temperature and Precipitation (PPT) for the
...
Anjum and Ahmad Khan*
Phenology, Crop Stand and Biomass of Wheat in Response to Farmyard Manure and Soil Amendments
... quantified in terms of wheat phenology, crop stand and biomass during two years studies (2016-17 and 2017-18). Min-N was provided from urea, humic acid from “humic plus” a commercial product having 40% humic acid, and effective microbes from “bioaab” a commercial product having beneficial microbes like bacteria, yeast and actinomycetes. Average over years, the maximum days to anthesis (126 days), physiological maturity (154 days) and e...
Muhammad Usman Shafi*, Syed Muhammad Ali**, Syed Akhtar Ali Shah***, Kamran Ahmed****
DEVELOPMENT OF DATABASE OF HEAVY TRUCK LOAD DATA IN PESHAWAR, PAKISTAN
...v>of each plate in full wheat stone bridge form and were connected to Data acquisition system (DAQ) to record deflection.
Lab calibration was carried out to determine the value of strain for each load applied through Universal
testing machine (UTM). Load verses strain graph was developed for each load cell which was used to interpret the
value of load exerted by each pair of tire to produce strains. By adding the strains fro...
M. Nafees*, Bushra Khan*, Robina Naz*
STUDY OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SAFETY IN STEEL RE-ROLLING MILL WITH REFERENCE TO HIGH NOISE LEVEL AND TEMPERATURE
...ewise the indoor factory heat level is also significant from outside air temperature. The interview survey revealed that the workers exposed to these chronic conditions in the factory are suffering from post work irritability, headache, fatigue, eye infection and heat exhaustion. It was therefore, recommended that the Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (PEPA) should strictly implement and follow-up on the occupational ...
Tanveer Sultan1, Anwaar Ahmed1, Aqsa Qayyum2*, Amer Mumtaz2 and Naeem Khalid3
...sing day by day and buckwheat food products can serve to be a good source to address this demand. In the present study, we investigated the supplementation of buckwheat @ 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% in durum wheat to make egg-free pasta of good quality. Rheological studies (dough development time, dough stability, water absorption and mixing tolerance index) were significantly affected ...
Shahid Hussain Abro
ROLE OF MN ATOMS ON TENSILE PROPERTIES OF LIGHT WEIGHT CHQ STEEL
...t. Both steels were heat treated at 850°C and 1175°C for 1hr holding time and then microstructure was taken and grain size distribution was calculated using matrox inspector and the results were plotted by using origin data software. The mean grain size of steel A at 850°C indicates the 13.10μm and that of the steel B is 33.10μm. Similarly the mean grain size at 1175°C for steel A is 9.02μm and 18.50μm for steel B. Th...
Shakil Rehman Sheikh1*, Zafar Ullah Koreshi1, Nouman Ghafoor1, Muhammad Shahid Khalil1, Muzzamil Ghaffar1
MITIGATING CO2 EMISSIONS OF ACADEMIC BUILDINGS IN PAKISTAN USING ENERGY CONSERVATION TECHNIQUES
... Lighting, efficient gas heating, and improvement in behavior pattern could also result in substantial energy savings. The maximum achievable savings can be as much as 50% of the energy cost of the school buildings. Additionally, once extrapolated over the entire school-going population of Pakistan the CO2 emission savings come out to be substantial, amounting to 3.07 M tonnes annually.
...
Javed Iqbal1, Ali Zohaib1*, Muzzammil Hussain1, Iftikhar Ahmad1, Adnan Bashir1, Wardah Muzaffer2, Naeem Faisal1, Muhammad Tahir Latif1 and Sami Ullah1
... optimum sowing time of wheat and yield formation by fluctuation in temperature regimes during sowing season of crop. However, different varieties could differ in their potential for yield formation in response to sowing time. This 3-years study was conducted to ascertain impact of sowing dates on grain yield and critical yield component of different wheat varieties. Wheat varieties (Lasan...
Muhammad Mazhar Iqbal1*, Ijaz Ahmad2, Shahzad Maqsood Ahmed Basra3, Abu Baker Ijaz4, Zahid Hassan Tarar5, Muhammad Ansar6, Umer Iqbal7, Tayyaba Naz4, Bilquees Fatima8, Muhammad Akram9, Allah Wasaya10, Asif Iqbal11, Shakeel Ahmed Anwar12, Khalid Saif Ullah Khan13, Azeem Khalid14, Asif Aziz15 and Rashid Mehmood16
...ic acid (AsA) may induce heat stress tolerance. Spray of SA, AsA, and H2O2 increased chlorophyll, relative water and nutrient contents, membrane stability index (MSI) and antioxidants activities in heat stress. Moreover, foliar application of chemicals during normal and late planting improved the grain yield by increasing both the grain number and size. Foliar spray of SA, AsA and H2O2 may induce hea...
Tehmina Aslam, Shagufta Saeed*, Muhammed Tayyab, Huma Mujahid, Ali Raza Awan, Sehrish Firyal and AbuSaeed Hashmi
...gricultural wastes like wheat bran, rice polishing and molasses for the synthesis of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) by Azotobacter vinelandii. The optimization of different carbon sources and various physical parameters was also performed. Highest yield of PHB was obtained by fermentation of 4% (w/v) wheat bran after 48 h of incubation with 4% (v/v) inoculum volume at pH 7.0 and 37oC. Among different nitrogen so...
Muhammad Jan1*, Tanveer ul Haq2, Hina Sattar3, Madiha Butt4, Abdul Khaliq5, Muhammad Arif6 and Abdul Rauf7
...climatic conditions like heat waves, dry spell, sustained drought and precipitation adversely reducing the crop productivity and these are considered as an alarming issue for the crop production in rainfed areas. Chick pea is deemed to be regarded as a drought sensitive crop. The low water and fertilizer demand and its ability to grow on marginal land is an excellent choice for the farming community. The field trial was conducted with the aspect to screen out ...
Amar Iqbal Saqib1, Khalil Ahmed1*, Abdul Rasul Naseem1, Ghulam Qadir1, Muhammad Qaisar Nawaz1, Muhammad Khalid2, Imtiaz Ahmad Warraich3 and Muhammad Arif4
...HA) with gypsum on rice-wheat crops under saline-sodic condition (ECe = 4.71 dS m-1, SAR = 31.82, pHs = 9.10). Different combinations of gypsum and humic acid tested were: T1 - control, T2 - gypsum @ 100 % GR, T3 - gypsum @ 75 % GR+ HA @ 15 kg ha-1, T4 - gypsum @ 75 % GR+ HA @ 30 kg ha-1, T5 - gypsum @ 50 % GR+ HA @ 15 kg ha-1, T6 - gypsum @ 50 % GR+ HA @ 30 kg ha-1. Yield data of each crop was documented at maturity. Results showed that growth and yield attri...
Muhammad Ismail1, Tufail Ahmad2, Shamsher Ali2*, Shahid Ali1, Nur Ul Haq1 and Naveedullah3
Heavy Metals (Pb and Ni) Pollution as Affected by the Brick Kilns Emissions
... of 36 (18+18) soil and wheat leaf samples were collected in four directions. Samples were collected at varying distances (100, 200,300 meters) from chimneys. Similarly, samples of dust were also collected for analysis of heavy metals in available locations around the chimneys in 16 plastic buckets. They were placed 3 m high from ground. The laboratory analysis of wheat leaf samples showed that the concentration of Pb ...
Amir Afzal, Muhammad Ijaz and Sayed Rashad Ali Shah*
Determination of Suitable Growth Stage for Application of Fungicide against Stripe Rust in Wheat
...="text-align: justify;">Wheat is the third most important cereal grain in the world. Stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) of wheat is severely detrimental disease. Improvement of crop through incorporation of resistance is practiced enormously. However, a wheat variety that has been recommended for cultivation may not remain resistant for long because of fluctuating nature of ...
Khalil Ahmed1*, Amar Iqbal Saqib1, Abdul Rasul Naseem1, Ghulam Qadir1, Muhammad Qaisar Nawaz1, Muhammad Khalid2, Imtiaz Ahmad Warraich3 and Muhammad Arif4
Use of Hyacinth Compost in Salt-Affected Soils
....35 (cm hr-1). Rice and wheat, crops were grown in the rotation. Data analysis showed that gypsum and hyacinth compost remarkably improved the soil SAR, pHs, ECe, BD, HC, growth and yield characteristics of rice and wheat crops, however at the same time use of gypsum and hyacinth compost in combination proved more superior to their sole application. Hyacinth compost @ 10 and 15 t ha-1 with gypsum @ 50 % of GR performed equal...
Shereen Zulfikar1, Zulfikar Ahmed Maher2, Attaullah Khan Pathan4, Imran Ali Rajput3*, Din Muhammad Soomro1, Muhammad Akbar Lashari1, Arsalan Memon3, Sibghatullah5 and Mir Zehri Khan5
Population Fluctuation and Weight Losses Caused by Khapra Beetle, Trogoderma granarium Everts on Different Wheat Varieties
... major threat to stored wheat and other products in all over the world. Their attack is not only limited to wheat grains but also reduces the various products made from it. The losses are defined as a measurable decrease of the food quantity and quality and can be avoided through proper control measures and selection of resistant varieties. During the present study, the different wheat var...
Hafsa Naheed* and Hidayat-Ur-Rahman
Genotype by Environment Interactions of Vegetative Growth Traits of Bread Wheat Genotypes
... of the 40 exotic bread wheat lines was assessed across seven different environments during 2015-16 and 2016-17 growing seasons. The trials were conducted using RCB design at four locations for two years; Research Farm, of the University of Agriculture, Peshawar; Agriculture Research Station, Buner; Agriculture Research Station, Baffa, Mansehra; and Barani Agriculture Research Station, Jarma, Kohat (one year only). Data were recorded on leaf area, plant height...
Abid Khan*, Mukhtar Alam, Yousaf Jamal and Hidayat Ullah
Appraisal of Yield and Yield Components of Wheat with Integrated Management of Nitrogen Sources
...and yield components of wheat at Agricultural Research Station Buner, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan during 2015-16 and 2016-17. Experiments were laid out using RCBD with 3 replications. Winter wheat variety Pirsabak-2015, as a test crop, was sown on 12th November at same piece of land following same randomized layout each year. Farm Yard Manure (FYM) and Poultry Manure (PM) were used as organic while Urea as inorganic sources...
Malik Muhammad Yousaf1, Muhammad Mohsin Raza1*, Mumtaz Hussain1, Muhammad Jahangir Shah1, Bashir Ahmad1, Rao Wali Muhammad1, Sami Ullah2, Adeel Abbas3, Ijaz Ahmed4 and Muhammad Zeshan5
Effect of Balance Use of Fertilizers on Performance of Wheat Under Arid Climatic Condition
...o and micronutrients on wheat growth and productivity. The experiment comprised of 10 treatments. The results showed that compared with control, addition of nutrients significantly increased plant height and the highest plant height (86.5 cm) was observed at 86:58:62.5 kg NPK/ha treatment. Maximum tillers/plant (3.1), spikelet’s/plant (2.9), and spike length (8.9 cm) was found in 86-58-62.5-3 kg NPK + Zn/ha treatment. Furthermore, highest grains/spike (8...
Rana Shahzad Noor1,2, Fiaz Hussain2, Irfan Abbas3, Muhammad Umair2, Abu Saad2, Muhammad Umar Farooq4 and Yong Sun1*
Assessing Sustainability of Rainfed Wheat (Triticum Aestivum) Production under Various Soil Tillage Systems: An Energy and Economic Analysis
...ntional tillage (CT) on wheat yield, fuel usage and energy use efficiency under rainfed agriculture systems for Chakwal-50 wheat cultivator at Koont research station of PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi during 2018 and 2019 wheat seasons. The study treatments were evaluated in term of energy analysis and economics of wheat production. Highest ...
Inam Ullah1, Mahfooz Khan2*, Munir Khan2, Himayatullah Khan2 and Azra3
Factors Affecting Different Wheat Varieties Yield in District Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan: A Comparative Analysis
...="text-align: justify;">Wheat is an important grain crop in Pakistan. Despite the fact, that it plays a vital role in country’s economy. However, wheat productivity in Pakistan still is very inadequate due to some reasons. The present study is focused on inputs used by the wheat growers and its effect on the output of three wheat crops varieties pe...
Muhammad Arsaln1, Sair Sarwar2*, Rizwan Latif1, Junaid Nawaz Chauhdary3, Munazza Yousra2 and Shahbaz Ahmad2
Effect of Vermicompost and Microbial Inoculants on Yield, Soil Fertility and Economics of Wheat under Rainfed Conditions
...microbial inoculants on wheat yield and economics. Eight treatments i.e., control; recommended dose of fertilizers (160:150:50) NPK in kg ha-1; VC @ 4t ha-1; PSB; Recommended fertilizers + VC @ 4t ha-1; Recommended fertilizers + PSB; VC @ 4t ha-1 + PSB; Recommended fertilizers + VC @ 4t ha-1 + PSB were tested in the experiment using various combinations of vermicompost (VC) @ 4t ha-1 and phosphorus solubilizing bacterial (PSB) as microbial inoculants along wit...
Attiq ur Rehman1,2*, Iftikhar Hussain Khalil3 and Ihtisham Ali4
Genetic Diversity and Traits Association in Tetraploid and Hexaploid Wheat Genotypes in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan
...xperiment containing 16 wheat genotypes (8 durum and 8 spring wheat) was conducted in crop season of year 2015-2016, at The University of Agriculture, Peshawar. The experimental design used was a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The parameters under study were days to heading, days to maturity, flag leaf area, plant height, tillers m-2, spikes m-2, spikelets spike-1, 1000-grain weight, grain y...
Qurrat ul Ain Akbar*, Saqib Arif, Shahid Yousaf, Salman Khurshid and Najmus Sahar
Effects of Flour Particle Size on Farinographic Properties of Wheat Dough
...n the rheology of whole wheat flour were investigated by using farinograph. Two types of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) on the basis of hardness, hard and soft wheat, were analysed in this study. Each type of flour was fractionated separately into coarse (1000 to 1500µm), medium (500 to <1000 µm) and fine (<500 µm) fractions on the basis of particle size. All the fari...
Sajad Ali1*, Naeem Ur Rehman Khatak1, Iftikhar Ahmad2, Jangraiz Khan3 and Azra4
Impact of Socioeconomic Factors and farm Size on Wheat Productivity: A Case Study of District Peshawar, Pakistan
...ell as the farm size of wheat productivity in district Peshawar. Wheat is the main staple food item of the country’s population and the largest grain crop as well. Pakistan has been regularly importing wheat, except for the few years. This study is based on primary data collected in 2019 from district Peshawar.A sample of 200 (160 large and 40 small) wheat
Mushtaq Ahmad Khan*, Abdul Basir and Beena Saeed
Biochar Improves Phenological and Physiological Attributes of Wheat in Soil Amended with Organic and Inorganic Nitrogen Sources
...ysiological maturity in wheat, and resulted in higher leaf area (LA), leaf area index (LAI), plant height, number of tillers and spikes m-2 when compared to control. Whereas, application of 150 kg N ha-1 as urea, FYM and PM, delayed booting, anthesis, physiological maturity in wheat and increased plant height and spikes m-2 of wheat. Similarly, 120 and 150 kg N ha-1 applied from PM, FYM an...
Muhammad Nauman, Unsar Naeem-Ullah*, Mehreen Hanif, Hafsah Ghaffar, Muhammad Shahid and Syed Haroon Masood Bokhari
Management of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius) by using Microwave Oven
...="text-align: justify;">Wheat, Triticum aestivum L., is one of most important staple food crop of Pakistan. Its grains have rich sources of proteins, fibers and minerals. This cereal crop has maximum proportion in daily basic diet of human in Pakistan. Disinfestation of wheat grains by using microwaves can be safe option than chemical control. Therefore, in this study a digital microwave oven of 50 Hz is used to determine th...
Muhammad Ilyas1,2*, Imran Khan2*, Muhammad Umer Chattha2, Muhammad Umair Hassan2, Muhammad Zain3, Wajid Farhad4, Sana Ullah1, Ateeq Shah5, Safeer Ahmed6, Bismillah Khan1 and Muhammad Adeel1
Evaluating the Effect of Zinc Application Methods on Growth and Yield of Wheat Cultivars
...and productivity of the wheat crop. Therefore, a field study was conducted to determine effect of various Zn application methods on the growth and yield of wheat cultivars during the growing season 2014-2015. The study was comprised of three cultivars of wheat; Galaxy-2014, Punjab-2011 and Millat-2011 and Zn application methods; seed priming @ 0.4% Zn solution, soil application @ 40 kg ZnS...
Muhammad Nazar1, Chaudhary Muhammad Ayyub2, Mujahid Ali3*, Malik Abdul Rehman4, Shoib ur Rehman5 and Saqib Ayyub2
Amelioration of Thermo-Tolerance Ability in Spinacia oleracea L. Cultivars by Foliar Application of Chitosan
...r day. After one week of heat stress (40/32°C), four treatments (25, 50, 75, 100 ppm) of chitosan were applied as a foliar spray on spinach cultivars in comparison to control (non-treated with chitosan). The research findings evidenced that foliar application of chitosan significantly affected attributes under heat stress. All Pure Green was affected more followed by Desi Local, while Lahori Palak was least affected. Chi...
Imtiaz Hussain1, Azhar Mahmood Aulakh2, Muhammad Sohail1*, Khalid Hussain2, Ansaar Ahmed3, Abdul Hamid3 and Muhammad Imtiaz3
Impact of Zero Tillage on Productivity of Traditional Mung Bean-Wheat Cropping System of Punjab, Pakistan
...>Conventional mung bean-wheat production system in Punjab, Pakistan involves intensive tillage practices that increases cost of production and declines soil fertility. Zero tillage planting method provides an opportunity to improve crop yield, reduce production cost and GHG emission. Farmer participatory field trials were carried out at six locations in Punjab province, a major Mung bean-Wheat cropping zone to evaluate zero ...
Amir Aziz1*, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Noor-us-Sabah1, Ghulam Sarwar1 and Sher Muhammad2
Effect of Rice and Wheat Straw and K-Silicate Application on Maize Growth
...luding T1= control, T2= wheat straw (deficient @ 200 mg kg-1 of soil), T3 = wheat straw (adequate @ 400 mg kg-1 of soil), T4= rice straw (deficient @ 200 mg kg-1 of soil), T5 =rice straw (adequate @ 400 mg kg-1 of soil), T6 = K-silicate (deficient level @ 2 mg kg-1 of soil) and T7 = K silicate (adequate @ 400 mg kg-1 of soil). All the pots were arranged according to completely randomized design (CRD). In each pot five hybrid...
Muhammad Ramzan1, Muneer Abbas1*, Sohail Abbas2, Niaz Hussain1, Muhammad Aslam1, Javed Anwar Shah1, Muhammad Irshad1 and Mudassar Khaliq1
Incidence of Different Aphid Species on Various High Yielding Wheat Varieties
...="text-align: justify;">Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a major crop with one of the largest area under cultivation playing a significant role in economic stability of Pakistan. Among other pests aphid is a major one which contributes towards low yield on wheat farms. Different wheat developmental periods, i.e., seedling (SS), tillering (TS), stem elongation (SES), heading (HS), dough (DS)...
Shahid Ahmed1,2*, Huiqing Su1, Xuqian Sun1, Peng Feng1, Yongpan Chen1, Liang Yu1, Qian Liu1 and Heng Jian1
Performance of Cereal Varieties against Cereal Cyst Nematode (Heterodera avenae)
...n interaction; among 15 wheat lines from Zhonnguyuan Sun (CAAS) CIMMYT Beijing and 10 lines of oats from Jilin Province were screened against H. avenae. The results showed that 5 wheat and 7 oat lines ranked as resistant genotypes while 9 wheat and 3 oat lines were ranked as moderately resistant and 1 wheat line and the local check were highly susceptibl...
Samreen Khan, Tabassum Ara Khanum, Nasira Kazi, Salma Javed* and Shahina Fayyaz
Description of Aphelenchoides acacia n. sp. and Aphelenchoides naurangiensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) with Observation on Aphelenchoides saprophilus Franklin, 1957 from District Lakki Marwat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
...ed from soil samples of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), thoroughly described and illustrated from District Lakki Marwat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The new species namely Aphelenchoides acacia n. sp. belongs to the Group 2 of Aphelenchoides Species Sensu Shahina is characterized by small body length 358-496 µm; cephalic region non offset from the body. Cuticle weakly annulated, approximately 1µm apart in mid body region with transverse striae. Lat...
Muhammad Yasir*, Mansoor ul Hasan, Muhammad Sagheer, Amer Rasul, Rameesha Amjad Ali and Habib ur Rehman
Evaluation of Spinosad Applied to Grain Commodities for the Control of Stored Product Insect Pests
...he treated commodities (wheat, maize, rice and oats) at concentrations of 0.25, 0.50 and 1 mg Kg-1 under laboratory conditions maintained at 28 ± 2oC, 65 ± 5% RH and continuous darkness. Seven bioassays were conducted by releasing the insects on treated commodities after different post treatment periods (0,1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 months). The mortality of three insect species was recorded at tested concentrations in all the treated commodities after ...
Arshad Mahmood Malik1*, Hafiz Muhammad Tayyab1, Muhammad Arshad Ullah2 and Muhammad Talha Bilal3
Dynamics of Salinity and Land Use in Punjab Province of Pakistan
..., uncultivated area and wheat area in Punjab using panel data of four agriculture census conducted in1980, 1990, 2000 and 2010 in all districts of Punjab. Fixed and random effect model was applied on panel data of Punjab. The area left uncultivated by farmer due to presence of salinity was found to be significantly and positively related to area under salinity in the country. The percent area under wheat crop has inverse rel...
Abdul Hameed1*, Ihtsham ul Haq Padda2 and Abdul Salam3
Estimating Food Consumption Patterns in Pakistan by Using Ideal Demand System
...products as compared to wheat, pulse and vegetables in Pakistan as well as urban and rural areas. The regional analysis indicates that the gross and net substitute impacts in urban areas are somewhat more dominant than in rural areas. It implies that urban areas household makes more substitutes relative to rural areas. These findings suggest that policy makers and public organizations should reexamine the connection between consumption, price and income for fo...
Muhammad Luqman1*, Roshan Hussain1, Muhammad Yaseen1, Muhammad Umer Mehmood1, Ijaz Asghar2 and Usman Saleem1
Comparative Analysis of Dietary Intake Patterns of Rural and Urban Communities of Southern Punjab, Pakistan
...urban community prefers wheat bread with fruits and vegetables. Fruits, dry fruits and legumes are a best source of attaining maximum micro and macro nutrients. In comparison to this rural community of the study area perceived that vegetables and fruits are rich in macro and micro nutrients. Keeping in view the dietary pattern of rural as well as urban localities, best suitable timing must be kept in mind for specific food group to be included in the meal. Les...
Ali Zohaib1*, Habib Ullah2, Shakeel Ahmad Anjum2, Tahira Tabassum2, Muzzammil Hussain1, Mohsin Nawaz3, Ghulam Abbas4 and Sohail Irshad5
Effect of NPK Fertilization Strategies on Growth, Yield, Nutrient Use Efficiency and Economic Benefits of Relay Intercropped Wheat in Cotton
...s of relay-intercropped wheat in cotton. Fertilization timing significantly affected growth, yield and NUEA of wheat. Application of T4 (all PK at sowing, ½ N at sowing and ½ at tillering) caused maximum improvement in plant height, fertile tillers, grains per spike, biological yield, grain yield and NUEA. Economic analysis also manifested that the greatest net returns and benefit cost ratio (BCR) were obtained...
Tofique Ahmed Bhutto1, Mahmooda Buriro1, Niaz Ahmed Wahocho2, Safdar Ali Wahocho2, Muhammad Iqbal Jakhro3*, Zulfiqar Ali Abbasi1, Reema Vistro1, Fehmeeda Abbasi1, Sanam Kumbhar1, Fateh Muhammad Shawani4 and Nadar Hussain Khokhar5
Evaluation of Wheat Cultivars for Growth and Yield Traits under Agro-Ecological Condition of Tandojam
...ause yield reduction in wheat. In this regard, the selection of new high yielding cultivars with better adaptability to local conditions is important for growth and yield associated traits. The highly varied performance of crop cultivars of the same species for growth and yield-related attributes is well documented. The present investigation investigated the performance of wheat cultivars under Tando Jam conditions. For this...
Bina Khanzada1, Arfan Ahmed Gilal1*, Bhai Khan Solangi1 and Imtiaz Ahmed Nizamani2
Effect of Morphological Characters of Indigenous Sugarcane Varieties on Population of Chilo infuscatellus (Snellen) and its parasitoid, Cotesia flavipes (Cameron)
...rnodes, length of leaf, sheath, trichome density along with infestation and larval population of C. infuscatellus and parasitism of C. flavipes were recorded. Results indicated a high variation in the morphological characters of different sugarcane varieties evaluated, that in response affected the population of both C. infuscatellus and its parasitoid, C. flavipes. Among varieties, the highest population of C. infuscatellus was recorded on Thatta-10 variety, ...
Hafiz Hammad Ahmad1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1*, Noor-us-Sabah1, Ghulam Sarwar1, Sher Muhammad2, Muhammad Aftab3, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1 and Aneela Riaz4
Growth and Yield Response of Sunflower to Organic Amendments in Aridisol
...hosphate at 7 g pot-1 + Wheat straw at 14 g pot-1; T6 = NK + Rock phosphate at 7 g pot-1 + Wheat straw at 28 g pot-1; T7 = NK + Rock phosphate at 7 g pot-1 + Rice straw at 14 g pot-1; T8 = NK + Rock phosphate at 7 g pot-1 + Rice straw at 28 g pot-1. Observations on various growth and yield parameters of crop were recorded using standard procedures and noted data was examined with a statistical software Statistix 8.1 analysis...
Muhammad Umair Hassan1, Muhammad Aamer1, Muhammad Nawaz2, Abdul Rehman3, Talha Aslam3, Ubaid Afzal4, Bilal Ahmad Shahzad3, Muhammad Ahsin Ayub5, Faryal Ahmed1, Ma Qiaoying1, Su Qitao1 and Huang Guoqin1*
Agronomic Bio-Fortification of Wheat to Combat Zinc Deficiency in Developing Countries
...and mental development. Wheat crop play a chief role in daily food requirement and calories need in developing countries, however, inherently wheat has lower Zn contents. Moreover, soil Zn deficiency further increasing the problem of low Zn contents in wheat grain. Thus, the finest way to combat the Zn deficiency is to produce the grains of wheat having ...
Muhammad Farooq1*, Elham Azadfar2, Zohre Bahrami3, Mahniya Sharifi3, A. Shakoor4, Shabir Ahmed5, Iftikhar Ahmed Solangi1, Muhammad Noman Khan6, Memona Siddique7, Naila Ilyas8*, Muhammad Bakhtiar9, Mohamed El-Fatieh Ismael1 and Wang Yunyang1
Optimization of Drying Process of Rambutan by Combined Method of Osmosis Ultrasound and Complementary Drying of Hot Air
... in products and reduces heat energy to remove the produc water. In this study, after osmosis pretreatment, samples were put under an osmosis dehydration process. First, using Osmosis-ultrasound with 40.5% concentration in Sekanjabin solution then dried in an oven at a temperature of 70°C. The characteristics of solid gain, water and weight loss, shrinkage and rehydration were evaluated. The obtained results showed that by increasing the concentration of w...
Imran Haider1, Muhammad Aown Sammar Raza1*, Rashid Iqbal1, Salman Ahmad1,2, Muhammad Usman Aslam1, Muhammad Israr3, Umair Riaz4, Maliha Sarfraz5, Nasir Abbas6, Salman Haidar Abbasi7, Zafar Abbas8 and Muhammad Aamer9
...amino acid and yeast on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), development and yield were observed. A field experiment was performed at Agronomic Research Area, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur in November 2019. Factorial arrangement in Randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used to design the experimentation. The experiment consisted of six treatments viz, Control, a drought at flowering and grain filling stages,...
Muhammad Muhsin1, Muhammad Nawaz2, Imran Khan1, Muhammad Bilal Chattha3,Sadia Khan4, Muhammad Talha Aslam1, Muhammad Mahmood Iqbal5, Muhammad Zubair Amin6, Muhammad Ahsin Ayub7, Usman Anwar8, Muhammad Umair Hassan1 and Muhammad Umer Chattha1*
...eight: normal;">Delayed wheat sowing is the main factor responsible for the lower yield of wheat owing to low temperature during emergence and early growth. Seed size has an appreciable potential to improve stand establishment, growth, and yield under late sowing conditions. Therefore, the present study was performed to assess the impact of diverse seed sizes (SS) on the growth and yield of wheat
Shahid Hussain Abro1*, Mohammed N. Alghamdi2, Muhammad Sohail Hanif3, Hazim Moria2 andHamza Suharwardi1
...ght: normal;">Continuous heating phenomena performed at lead bath-quenching in which austenitic development morphology investigated. The CHQ steel analyzed in the context of Advanced Optical Microscope of Olympus GX51, SEM and Thin-film X-ray Diffracto-meter, with high-intensity mode have been deployed in order to examine the kinetics behavior of austenitic development at CHQ steel. On several quenching experiments the austenite formed at different temperature...
Arsalan Khan1, Aminullah Khan2, Dil Fayaz Khan2, Sajid Khan1, Anjum1, Waqar Ali3, Habib Akbar1 and Ahmad Khan1*
...a significant impact on wheat crop phenology and crop stand. To optimize nitrogen sources i.e. urea, farmyard manure (FYM) and poultry manure (PM) for improving wheat phenology and crop stand, an experiment was conducted at Agriculture Research Station Perdal Khel, Bannu (South part of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan) during 2016-17. The soil of the experimental area was Loamy sand with Haplic yermosols soil series based on FAO...
Muhammad Rashid, Mahmood Ahmad Sajid, Nosheen Noor Elahi, Sibgha Noreen and Kausar Hussain Shah*
... tolerance in different wheat varieties. Three weeks old seedlings of each wheat cultivar were challenged with drought stress by skipping irrigation. After the drought stress of two weeks, plants were subjected to morphological, biochemical and physiological investigations. Drought stress reduced the biomass and enhanced the root length in all three wheat varieties. However, growth reducti...
Ijaz Haider1*, Muhammad Akhtar1, Ali Noman2 and Muhammad Qasim3
...om 2000 to 2014 in rice wheat cropping system. Yellow stem borer (YB), white stem borer (WB) and pink stem borer (PB) first appeared on the light trap in March when average temperature was 18°C. YB and WB had first peak population in mid-April at temperatures 30-33°C while second peak was observed in mid-September. Pink stem borer first peak population was observed in mid-March while second in mid-November. Rice leaffolder (RLF) started to appear in 3<...
Hafiz Hammad1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Noor-Us-Sabah1*, Ghulam Sarwar1, Muhammad Aftab2, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Aneela Riaz3, Abid Niaz4 and Muhammad Arif4
... 7 g pot-1 + Wheat straw at 14 g pot-1; T6 = NK + RP at 7 g pot-1 + Wheat straw at 28 g pot-1; T7 = NK+RP at 7 g pot-1 + Rice straw at 14 g pot-1; T8 = NK + RP at 7 g pot-1 + Rice straw at 28 g pot-1. Observations regarding P accumulation, plant P concentration, P uptake efficiency and PE ratio were record...
Jiawei Hong1,2, Mingqiang Chen 1,2, Zhenghua Deng1,2, Youning Li1,2 and Yu Wang1,2*
... hierarchical clustering heat map analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the microbial community of the high dosage group (10 mg/L) was clearly different from the other two groups. Overall, enrofloxacin at high dosage of 10 mg/L significantly altered the community diversity of noble scallop. This study characterized the variation regularity of the intestinal microbial of the noble scallop in response to enrofloxacin treatment. These result...
Asima Batool1, Ghulam Abbas2*, Zuhair Hasnain3, Nasira Perveen4 and Muhammad Naeem Akhtar5
...ainst high temperature / heat stress at Botany Department, Agriculture University, Faisalabad. Germinated maize seedlings / plants were placed in the glass fitted canopies, where canopy temperature was found 7-10°C higher than ambient temperature along with light reflection was enough for optimum photosynthesis. The plants were raised under hea...
Tasneem Shah*, Muhammad Tariq and Dost Muhammad
...bation experiment under wheat-mungbean and wheat-maize cropping systems. The rate of CO2 evolution increased significantly (P<0.05) with increasing level of added biochar during each incubation period. At day 2, the rate of CO2 evolution increased from 142 µg CO2 g-1 soil d-1 in the control to 259 µg CO2 g-1 soil d-1 in the...
Sohail Akbar1*, Muhammad Shafiq2, Muhammad Yaqoob2, Muhammad Farooq Iqbal2, Kashif Ishaq2, Muhammad Kamran2, Shazia Shamas3, Arbab Sikander4 and Muhammad Hashim5
.../b> stress is failure of heat dissipation of body when too much heat is produced. Summer season is the most detrimental for production in animals especially reared in tropical and sub tropical area. Exotic dairy cows are more prone to environmental stress as they have more heat of metabolism. Moreover, they are high producer and high producer animals are more susceptible to
...
Aysha Riaz* and Said Wahab
...letter-spacing: 0.1px;">Wheat flour biscuits are of widely consumed bakery products and mostly considered as nutritionally poor due to lacking in certain essential micronutrients. Moringa leaves are very rich in nutrients namely proteins, fibers and minerals. Keeping in view the nutritional importance of moringa leaves powder, the present study was carried out to investigate the effect of moringa leaves enrichment on the overall quality of whole w
Muhammad Farooq1*, Allah Rakha2,Jawad Ul Hassan2, Iftikhar Ahmed Solangi1, A. Shakoor3, Muhammad Bakhtiar4, Muhammad Noman Khan5,Shoaib Khan5, Ibrar Ahmad6, Shabir Ahmed7 andWang Yunyang1*
...m powder was mixed with wheat flour to improve sensory attributes of muffins. The proximate analysis of mushroom based powder and wheat flour was also performed. After this loaf weight and volume, structural examination, sensual attributes of muffin were also performed. The effect of mushroom powder on moisture, crude protein crude fat and nitrogen free extract of muffin were non-significant and effect on ash and crude fiber...
Mustasim Famous1*, Asim Chakrabartty Aditya2, Shahabuddin Ahmed3 and Sabuj Sutradhar2
... The average post-partum heat period of L×F, L×SL and L×S crossbreds were 114, 125 and 127days, respectively. The highest Post-Partum Heat Period (PPHP) was 127 days found in case of L×S crossbred cows. The lowest PPHP was found in case of L×F crossbred cows (114 days). The overall productive and reproductive performance of different crossbred were varied. Judging from the overall analysis of th...
Safdar Hussain1, Muhammad Naeem Mushtaq5, Ali Bakhsh3, Muhammad Mudassar Maqbool1, Muhammad Sarwar1, Muhammad Jan4*, Muhammad Abdul Qayyum2 and Arif Husain2
...roduction constraint in wheat. There are promising mechanisms by which wheat can tolerate drought stress that can be measured in terms of foliar application of plant growth regulators and plant extracts. Wheat genotypes (Triple dwarf-1, Aas-2011; Faisalabad- 2008) were exposed to critical drought stage. The plants were exposed to normal irrigation, application of bio stimulants like 2&micr...
Ijaz Ahmad* and Bakhtiar Gul
... competitive-ability of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) against wild oat (Avena fatua L.) and milk thistle (Silybum marianum L. Gaertn), the two most troublesome weeds of the wheat crop in Pakistan. Four treatments viz. wheat, wheat + S. marianum, wheat + A. fatua, wheat + S. marianum a...
Naveed Wahid Awan1, Asif Ali Abro2* and Ahmed Raza ul Mustafa3
...ct on the production of wheat, sugarcane, and land revenue which is a source of earning for the farmer. The data of crop production, land revenue, and indicators of environmental and agricultural accessories were obtained from statistical year books at the national and provincial level, Metrological Department of Pakistan from 1993 to 2019. Panel data approach is applied to analyze the data for each province of Pakistan. The results are presented through rank ...
Aamer Sattar1, Sadia Sultana1*, Abid Niaz1, Muhammad Aftab1, Ghulam Sarwar2, Irfan Rasheed3, Muhammad Shoaib4, Raheela Naz1, Amina Kalsom1, Nisa Mukhtar1, Farah Rasheed1, Arfan ul Haq1, Munazza Rafique5, Muhammad Arif1, Sarfraz Hussain1 and Jafar Salim6
... that in first year the wheat yield was maximum in T4 (5.04 t ha-1) in complete removal plot followed by residues incorporated (4.43 t ha-1) and burnt plots (3.72 t ha-1) respectively. It was observed that yield in residues incorporated plots was declined in next year after that, an increasing trend was witnessed. Burning of residues caused decrease in yield up to 11 % as compared to complete removal and up to 17% than residues incorporation. Organic matter st...
Fazal Wahid1, Arif Ullah Shah1, Muhammad Rahim2*, Fazal Dad1, Nadir Khan1, Saqib Ullah1, Yasir Ali1 and Sayed Ashfaq Ali Shah3
...t; Fe while soil of the wheat farm was found in the order of Co < Cr < Pb < Ni < Fe. The concentration of Fe in all soil sample was found in the maximum ranges while those of Co in the minimum ranges. ...
Imrana Khushk1, Abdul Nabi Jatt2, Abdul Sattar Qureshi1*, Choudhary Haider Ali3, Muhammad Aqeel Bhutto1, Imran Ibrahim Khaskheli1, Sartar Iqbal Panhwer1
...ains were inoculated on wheat straw hydrolysate and were monitored with regular interval until stable cell growth, glucose consumption, and, ethanol and lactic acid production. Fermentation performance of the adapted strain improved over parental strains. Ethanol and lactic acid yield reached to 90% and 75%, respectively, when using freshly pretreated wheat straw or wheat straw hydrolysate...
Muhammad Adnan Islam1*, Zia-Ul-Haq2, Rana Shahzad Noor2, Matiullah Khan4, Muhammad Mohsin Ali1, Zulfiqar Ali3, Asif Ali Mirani3, Hafiz Sultan Mahmood1, Muzammil Husain1 and Badar Munir Khan Niazi1
...nventionally applied to wheat by broadcast method before sowing crop. This is wasteful method of fertilizer application as only 15-20% of applied phosphate is utilized by the crop. To overcome the problems of phosphorus fixation, fertilizer band placement drill (FBPD) for wheat had been developed and its performance was evaluated at farmer’s fields. This drill places DAP fertilizer near the seed that is about 5 cm away...
Muhammad Afnan Rabbi, Iqtidar Hussain*, Ejaz Ahmed, Muhammad Saad and Aitezaz Ali Asad Shahani
... growers to sowing late wheat and due to this wheat production becomes low. A foremost challenge for crop production is to increase its economic yields in an endurable manner by improving fertility of the soil. Many struggles have been done to enhance the wheat productivity since last decade. Use of synthetic plant growth regulators with nitrogen supply seems to be fruitful in this regard....
Saba Aleem1*, Iram Sharif2, Mehvish Tahir3, Muhammad Najeebullah3, Ali Nawaz1, Muhammad Imran Khan1, Amina Batool1 and Waheed Arshad1
...increase in temperature, heat stress has become a great threat for the crops production worldwide. This research was conducted to assess the genotypic variability and relationship of accumulation of glycine betaine, proline, chlorophyll contents, and cell membrane thermostability with yield in different cauliflower varieties under heat stress. Heat stress was imposed by early sowing of gen...
Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Noor-us-Sabah1*, Ghulam Sarwar1, Muhammad Aftab2, Abdul Moeez1, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1 and Aneela Riaz3
...rch was performed using wheat variety Punjab-2011 with Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) under field conditions using three treatments and each replicated three times. Treatments were wheat florae were developed in plots having normal soil (EC= 2.32 dS/m) and salty soil (4.93 dS/m). Si as phosphate industry waste was applied @ 0, 50 and 100 µg Si/g soil. Results showed that application of Si reduced the adverse i...
Maqsood Ahmad1, Muhammad Umer Chattha1, Imran Khan1, Muhammad Bilal Chattha2*, Faqir Hussain Anjum3, Sadia Afzal4, Muhammad Faran1, Fiaz Hussain3, Muhammad Talha Aslam1, Abdul Jabbar5, Muhammad Sultan Ali Bazmi5, Mahnoor Mehmood6 and Muhammad Umair Hassan1
...imum production in rice-wheat cropping system (RWCS). Additionally, cultivar NM-2006 can be grown in RWCS to get maximum production....
Muhammad Yamin1*, Usama Ali Zafar1, Ghulam Usman2, Muhammad Nauman1, Muhammad Rizwan3, Muhammad Nadeem1, Muhammad Azhar Ali1 and Usman Haider1
... of exhaust fans and air heaters and a water pump for controlling the temperature and soil moisture. During the testing and validation of the system, temperatures recorded through DHT-21 sensor and thermometer in tunnel 1, 2 and 3 had strong correlations of 0.9986, 0.998 and 0.9978 respectively. Similarly, strong correlations of 0.9987, 0.9994 and 0.998 were found for RH (%) measured through DHT-21 sensor and RH meter for tunnel 1, 2 and 3 respectively. For so...
Wajid Habib1, Saira Rasul2* and Hafiza Sadaf Zahra3
...ther, the volatility of wheat price significantly affects the price series of the rice. On the other hand, poultry prices do not affect the mean prices of beef as well as other products. It has been noted that prices significantly impact the current prices of most of the commodities, excluding oil as well as cotton. For future, it is recommended to motivate that hedging instruments to be used for the reduction of price volatility by the farmers....
Sajid Ali, Shahen Shah* and Muhammad Arif
...ogical processes of the wheat plant. Low Zn and Fe contents in soil and/or their low availabilities for plant uptake not only affect the final yield but also decrease their harvestable levels in the wheat grains. The research trials were conducted for two consecutive years (2016-17 and 2017-18) on the foliar supply of Zn and Fe to wheat at different growth stages in the Agronomy Research F...
Weenghar Ali Chandio1, Tajnees Pirzada1*, Abdul Majid2 and Farzana Rashid3
...vestigate its effect on wheat (Triticum indicum) seed growth. HA was conventionally extracted from soil sample of agriculture lands of Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan by International Humic Substance Society method and confirmed by UV-Visible spectroscopy and characterized by spectral features obtained by using different techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Finally, the effect of extra...
Shahinshah Khan1*, Aijaz Ali Khooharo1, Zaheeruddin Mirani1 and Velo Suthar2
...es of five crops namely wheat, cotton, rice, onion and tomato were recorded. Survey findings further revealed that informal sector (own, neighbor, and landlord) was common source of seed for wheat (62.3%) and onion growers (64.2%). On the Other hand, formal sources (seed companies and dealers) were common source of seed for cotton (97.7%); rice (92.2%); and tomato (100%) growers. Very negligible contribution of public sector...
Amar Iqbal Saqib, Khalil Ahmed*, Muhammad Khalid Bhatti, Ghulam Qadir, Muhammad Qaisar Nawaz, Muhammad Ashfaq Anjum, Abdul Rasul Naseem, Aftab Ahmad Sheikh and Belqees Akhter
... brackish water on rice-wheat crops through practicable and economical methods in two different textured soils. Treatments were: (A) Types of soils. 1) sandy loam, 2) clay loam, (B) Remedial strategies, 1). canal water, 2) saline-sodic tube well water (continuous), 3) three irrigations of tube well water and two of canal water in a cyclic manner (short cyclic use), 4) tube well water + gypsum @ RSC of water, 5) tube well water+ canal water in 1:1 ratio (conjun...
Muhammad Sarfraz1*, Muhammad Amjad Qureshi2, Muhammad Arshad Ullah3, Shahzada Munawar Mehdi4, Abdul Rasool Naseem1, Sarfraz Hussain1, Muhammad Qaisar Nawaz1 and Muhammad Rizwan1
...imum yields of rice and wheat trailed by the application of saline water with GR of soil and irrigation water. Soil analysis at harvest showed that soil was improved with canal water with GR of soil trailed by saline water with GR of soil and irrigation water. The least variations in soil pH, EC and SAR were observed in control where nothing was applied. Comprehensive studies in different ecological zones with salt affected soils with variety of saline water m...
Muhammad Usman Aslam1, Muhammad Umer Chattha1, Imran Khan1, Rizwan Maqbool1, Muhammad Bilal Chattha2*, Fiaz Hussan3, Muhammad Nawaz4, Muhammad Shakeel Hanif5, Muhammad Ahsin Ayub6, Muhammad Talha Aslam1, Mina Khan7 and Muhammad Umair Hassan1
...ches on productivity of wheat grown in semi-arid area. The experiment was comprised of different organic mulches, i.e. M1 = no mulch (control), M2 = maize straw mulch (5 t ha-1), M3 = wheat straw mulch (5 t ha-1), M4 = sorghum straw mulch (5 t ha-1) and nitrogen sources i.e., NS1 = urea, NS2 = ammonium sulfate (AS) and NS3 = calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN). The application of sorghum straw mulch significantly reduced weed bio...
Syed Muhammad Sulaiman, Nazir Ahmad and Nazir Ahmad Khan*
...ity among five selected wheat genotypes. The five cultivars, namely, Pir Sabaq (PS)-15, Bakhtawar-92, PS-2000, National Agriculture Research Council (NARC)-11 and Zam-04 were grown in 12 replicate plots (6 m × 10 m), that were blocked in three fields according to Randomized Complete Block Design. Uniform field preparation, irrigation, weeds control and standard agronomic practices were applied to all plots. For forage yield, morphological and quality eva...
Shahzad Khan1*, Munir Khan1, Arif Alam2, Ikram Shah2, Mahfooz Khan1 and Fida Muhammad Khan1
...ate the determinants of wheat crop in district Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan in the year 2018. Three villages, namely, Aspandehri, Kamran Kalay and Sarfaraz Kalay, were purposively selected. A sample size of 41 wheat growers from farm households was chosen from these villages for data collection. Thus, selection of the farmers was based on the proportional allocation technique. However, primary data were randomly c...
Asfand Raheel1, Syed Zulfiqar Ali2, Muhammad Waris2, Muhammad Basharat2, Basheer Ahmed2, Muhammad Arshad Ullah3, Syed Ishtiaq Hyder4 and Taqi Raza4*
...cts, edible coatings and heat treatments can be efficaciously applied in a vast and specific commodity range to prevent great losses....
Zainab Iftikhar, Muhammad Arif, Iqbal Munir and Sajid Ali
...of many crops including wheat, which necessitates exploration of diversity in crop duration parameters in wheat with particular emphasis on novel sources of genetic variation, including hybrid wheat. The present work was designed to assess the potential of Chinese wheat hybrid germplasm for cultivation across Pakistan. For this purpose, 416 hybrids were ...
Gulzar Ullah* and Gohar Ayub
...stigate the influence of heat pretreatment conditioning durations (control or no heat pretreatment,10 hrs,15 hrs and 20 hrs) on three tomato varieties (Roma, Rio Grande and Yaqui) sown at Horticulture Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture Peshawar during 2017 and 2018. Completely Randomized Design (CRD) in growth chamber before transplantation and Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) wit...
Arbab Zubair Ahmad1, Farman Ullah1, Hayat Badshah2, Muhammad Shehzad Khan1* and Bashir Ahmad1
...he cereals (maize, oat, wheat and barley) were evaluated on the basis of total adult emergence, egg laying ability, developmental time of S. cerealella and enhancing parasitism along with sex ratio of T. chilonis raised on eggs from moths reared on cereals. The response of cereals to S. cerealella in no choice test revealed significantly greater adult emergence (18.9±12.6) and egg laying efficiency (82.2±6.8 eggs/female) with shortest development...
Hafsa Naheed* and Hidayat-Ur-Rahman
...e stability of 40 bread wheat lines (30 introduced lines and 5 check cultivars), a multi-environment experiment was conducted at three locations for two years; The University of Agriculture, Peshawar; Agriculture Research Station, Baffa, Mansehra; Agriculture Research Station, Buner; and at one location for one year; Agriculture Research Station , Kohat, during 2016-17 and 2017-18. Data were recorded on tillers m-2, grains spike-1 and kernel weight. Analysis o...
Muhammad Waheed* and Dost Muhammad
...in P fractionations and wheat seedlings growth in two diverse calcareous soils. The pretreated composts were prepared by mixing 0, 2 and 4 % P with FYM on dry weight basis either from RP (rock phosphate) or TSP (triple super phosphate fertilizer). The prepared composts were then applied to pots containing 6 kg of soil @ 160 mg P2O5 kg-1 and data were recorded on phosphorus fractionations at 1st, 5th and 10th week of germination and its correlation with w
Zhengyi Fu1,2,3,4, Rui Yang1,2,3, Shengjie Zhou1,2,3, Zhenhua Ma1,2,3* and Gang Yu1,2,3*
Amjed Ali1, Muhammad Tayyab1,*, Sehrish Firyal1, Abu Saeed Hashmi2, Asif Nadeem3, Shagufta Saeed1, Ali Raza Awan1 and Muhammad Wasim1
...arbon sources including wheat bran, rice bran and molasses could increase the enzyme production from 25 to 43.7, 44.3 and 49 µmole/min whereas the nitrogen sources including tryptone, peptone and yeast extract could enhance the enzyme production from 25 to 40.21, 41 and 43.76 µmole/min, respectively. The highest β-lactamase production was recorded when the LB medium was supplemented with 4% wheat bran and 2%...
Usman Khalique*, Muhammad Zahid, Noor Fatima, Syed Jawad Ahmad Shah
...id is a serious pest of wheat crop which causes significant damage to wheat production in Pakistan. The present study was conducted to evaluate 125 Pakistani wheat varieties under high aphid infestation period from February to March, 2020 at experimental area of Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture (NIFA), Peshawar. Our study showed that seasonal mean population of aphid was found ma...
Muhammad Dawood1,2, Naeem Sarwar2, Muhammad Umer Chattha1, Imran Khan1, Muhammad Bilal Chattha3*, Faiz Hussain4, Muhammad Mahmood Iqbal5, Muhammad Akram4, Hammad Husnain5, Muhammad Shahid5, Mussarrat Hussain6 and Muhammad Umair Hassan1
...="text-align: justify;">Wheat plays a major role in food security and nutritional needs of people across the globe. Management considerations play an imperious role in the final yield and quality. The cultivars differed significantly in terms of growth and yield. Therefore, cultivars should be properly select in order to get good quality and better yield. Therefore, this study was planned to screen out best cultivars for their yield potential and quality under...
Nazeer Ahmed Lashari1*, Saghir Ahmed Sheikh2, Aijaz Hussain Soomro2 and ShamsuddinTunio3
...g all the cereals after wheat, rice is highly eaten on the globe. Research revealed that the physico-chemical and cooking traits of the rice change during the storage . The study aimed to determine the physical attributes and baking quality of two coarse (IR-6 and DR-82) and two aromatic (Basmati-385 and Lateefy) rice varieties grown in Pakistan along with their packaging effects and storage circumstances. Study was carried out at Sindh Agriculture University ...
Suherman Suherman1*, AndhiniPutri Trianita1, Hadiyanto Hadiyanto1 and Wea Aanisah Mentari Putri2
...ent and is vulnerable to heat conditions. This study aims to determine the effect of freeze-drying time (t) and pressure (P) on mass balance and characteristics of dried mango slices produced through treatments based on time 13 h and 17 h and pressure 25 Pa, 30 Pa, and 35 Pa, with temperature constant -50 oC. Freeze-dried mango was calculated for mass balance and analyzed for water content, color, and hedonic test. The mass balance yield was around ...
Mahmoud M.A.Youssef and Wafaa M. A. El-Nagdi
...as soil temperature, dry heat, irradiation and CO2 can work for controlling plant-parasitic nematodes. Higher soil temperatures with transparent or black plastic cover reduced citrus nematode, Tylenchulus semipenetrans on navel orange and reniform nematode, Rotylenchulus reniformis on sunflower. Also, dry heat was used to control rice root nematode, Hirschmanniella oryzae on rice soil and root and wh...
Mubeen Zahra1,2, Muhammad Nawaz3, Muhammad Umer Chattha4, Imran Khan4, Muhammad Bilal Chattha5*, Muhammad Ashraf Bhatti6, Abdul Rehman4, Faryal Ahmed4, Faran Muhammad4, Mina Kharal7 and Muhammad Umair Hassan4
... and yield of different wheat cultivars. The study was comprised of early drought treatment such as I0 (control), I1 (fist irrigation 30 days after sowing), I2 (first irrigation 45 days after sowing) and I3 (first irrigation 60 days after sowing) and wheat cultivars Faisalabad-2008 (standard height and low tillering), Td-1 (low height and low tillering) and Galaxy-2013 (standard height and high tillering). The results indica...
Ayesha Khan1*, Asmatullah2, Urooba Perviaz1, Khalid Nawab1 and Mahmood Iqbal1
...decline was observed in wheat. However, 1.685 decrease is recorded in onion while tomato and wheat showed a decrease of 1.509 and 1.200 in number of irrigations respectively. Farmers opined that FYM application through fermenter is easy and is equally distributed in the field. Results accomplish that decreasing trend was observed for all the crops regarding fertilizer usage and number of irrigations after using EM technology...
Muhammad Waryam Warraich1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Noor-us-Sabah1*, Ghulam Sarwar1, Muhammad Aftab2, Fakhar Mujeeb3, Muhammad Zeeshan Maznoor1, Aneela Riaz4 and Sarfraz Hussain2
...="text-align: justify;">Wheat is the major staple cereal of the Pakistani people. For healthy growth of field crops potassium (K) is considered an essential element. Potassium activates many enzymatic reactions in plant body. The deficiency of bio-available potassium is pronounced throughout the world. In Pakistan due to dense plantation and minimum use of artificial potassium fertilization the yield and supply potential is diminishing day by day. The cost of ...
Arshad Farooq1, Abdul Hassan1, Muhammad Ishaq2, Asif Nawaz3*, Iltaf Ullah4 and Hidayatullah5
...PM techniques (25.84%), wheat on ridges/seedbed (24.17%), heat and drought tolerant maize (OPVs) varieties (20.84%), heat and drought tolerant wheat varieties (20%) and organic farming (16.67%). Knowledge index revealed that both districts’ farmers had 35.71% knowledge level in fourteen different indicators in the study area. The farmers of distric...
Niamat Ullah Khan1*, Umbreen Shahzad2, Azhar Abbas Khan2, Sami Ullah2, Muhammad Arshad Farooq2, Muhammad Kashan2 and Shitab Khan2
Faryal Malik, Mudassar Nawaz Khan* and Israr-ud-Din
...="text-align: justify;">Wheat being flooding sensitive was analyzed for flooding response mechanism. Poorly drained fields and unexpected rains in the sowing and germination times lead to flooding stress. Wheat varieties namely Atta Habib, Siran and Ghanemat-e-IBGE were grown in glass house and studied for their flooding stress response and ability to recover after flooding stress removal at morphological and antioxidant enz...
Prima Mei Widiyanti1*, Mirnawati B Sudarwanto2, Etih Sudarnika2, Raphaella Widiastuti1
...y aimed to determine the heating effect of enrofloxacin antibiotic in milk. The milk samples spiked with enrofloxacin antibiotic were submitted to thermal treatments. The milk samples were analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. This study showed that no heating (control), heating at 72 oC for 15 seconds (high temperature short time pasteurization), and 89 oC f...
Saleem Ur Rahman1, Muhammad Irfan Yousaf1*, Mozammil Hussain2, Khadim Hussain1, Shahid Hussain1, Muhammad Husnain Bhatti1, Dilbar Hussain1, Aamir Ghani1, Abdul Razaq1, Muhammad Akram1, Iqra Ibrar1, Muhammad Shakeel Ahmad1, Shoaib Anwar Kohli3, Muhammad Abubakar Siddiq4
...t productive, stable and heat tolerant while YH-5532, P-1543 and NK-8711 showed poor performance under high temperature stress conditions as compared to normal sowing. High temperature stress indices could be efficiently used to screen heat tolerant genotypes. ...
Sherif Abdelghany1, Lynda Allouche2, Ahmed A. Abd El-Maksoud3, Ehab N. Daoud4, Saleh A. Kandeal1, Mohamed A. Radwan1*
...lk stability against overheating was recorded in the treatment group. The study proved that using potassium carbonate at the farm level during hot season could improve milk production and quality, subsequently, it might extend shelf life, safety, and stability of raw milk supplied through the dairy chain.
Keywords | Climatic changes, Dairy cattle, Potassium carbonate, Milk safety, Milk stability.
...
Abdul Haleem1*, Ghulam Hassan1, Arshad Iqbal2, Fahim Ullah Khan3, Muhammad Sajid3, Farhad Ahmad4, Rafi Ullah Khan5 and Mohammad Ilyas2
...aried from, 36 lines of wheat were field tested in RCBD with three replications. The experimental materials include twenty eight F2 population and eight parents. Data showed considerable genetic variation amongst the studied lines, parents, F2 progeniessand parent versus F2 progenies for all the studied traits. Among parents, best lines were Atta-Habib for plant height (95.10cm) and tillers plant-1 (12.30), Janbaz for economic yield per plant (20.93g) and spik...
Safdar Ali1*, Muhammad Amir Hanif1, Muhammad Umar1, Amir Manzoor1, Obaidullah Shafique1, Bashir Ahmad Khan2 and Ijaz Ahmed3
...-leaved weeds in winter wheat at Pothwar Region of Pakistan, a study was performed during 2016-17 at University Research Farm Chakwal Road Rawalpindi. Four herbicides were used as once and twice application, i.e., Buctril Super (Bromoxinil 30% with MCPA 30% w/v), Ally Max (Metsulfuron Methyl 14.3% w/w with Tribenuron Methyl 14.3% w/w), Starane M (Fluroxypyre 10% with MCPA 40% w/w) and Clean wave (Aminopyralid 1% with Fluroxypyre14% w/w) at recommended doses. A...
Evaluation of Temporal and Differential Fertilizer Application on Growth, Yield and Quality of Wheat
Raheela Naz1*, Muhammad Aftab1, Ghulam Sarwar2, Ana Aslam1, Qudsia Nazir1, Asifa Naz3, Abid Niaz4, Farah Rasheed1, Amina Kalsom1, Nisa Mukhtar1, Sadia Sultana1, Ifra Saleem1, Arfan ul Haq1, Muhammad Arif1, Aamer Sattar1, Sarfraz Hussain5 and Muhammad Adnan Rafique6
...mes was investigated on wheat crop. Wheat was sown as a test crop with six different fertilizer application methods at varying times under RCBD arrangement with three replications. The experimental soil was high in pH, low in fertility status and free from salinity and sodicity hazards. Wheat grains were analyzed for mineral contents. The results revealed that maximum grain yield was obtai...
Ghassan Zahid1, Sania Begum2, Sikandar Almani3, Sahir Hameed Khattak2, Rajesh Kumar Soothar4 and Shakeel Ahmed Soomro4*
...nce of rust diseases in wheat crop like leaf, stripe and stem-rust declines the grain quality and productivity. Cultivars having a durable rust resistance is an effective method to control the spread of rust disease in cereal crops particularly in wheat. The experiment was conducted on fifty-two wheat lines comprised of forty-five double haploids of wheat
Saba Iqbal, Asmat Ullah*, Muhammad Luqman, Hafiz Muhammad Akram, Muhammad Kashif Munir and Nawal Zafar
...ting traditional winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) planting techniques (broadcast and drill) with the water efficient planting techniques (ridge and bed planting) to evaluate their water use efficiency and their economic feasibility. Results of this study revealed that sowing of wheat on ridges and beds gave higher productive tillers (384 ha-1 and 401 ha-1, respectively), grains per spike (47 and 47, respectively), 1000-gr...
Aasma Younas*, Ijaz Iqbal and Atif Akbar
... its give an example of wheat to explain the concept. Crossover Designs have been constructed for different values of treatments, blocks and periods using all possible cyclic shifts. In this article, a computer program has been introduced. This is an era of technology, no one has time to do laborious work by hand. The results suggested some general rules for the construction of such designs. For p ≤ 5 and different combinations of n and p. All possible shif...
Hafiz Ghulam Muhu-Din Ahmed1, Aziz Ullah2, Muhammad Asim Bhutta3*, Amna Bibi3, Hafeez-ur-Rehman4 and Umar Farooq4
...ht conditions. Total 40 wheat genotypes with diverse genetic makeup were assessed in glasshouse for seedling attributes against limited water conditions using completely randomized design during the season 2019-20 in the Islamia University of Bahawalpur. Based on mean values reasonable variations were noticed in evaluated genotypes for studied attributes. Results from radar analysis, performance designated that the root related attributes were the most sensiti...
Muhammad Shoaib1*, Muhammad Nawaz2, Muhammad Ilyas3, Muhammad Shafique1, Imran Khan1*, Muhammad Talha Aslam1, Muhammad Sultan Ali Bazmi4, Muhammad Arshad5, Ghulam Ahmad4, Muhammad Irfan6, Muhammad Umer Chattha1 and Muhammad Umair Hassan1
...practices for improving wheat productivity. Therefore, this field study assessed the impact of diverse seeding rates and seed sizes on performance of wheat. The study was comprised of various seeding rates 100, 125 and 150 kg ha-1 and different seed sizes i.e., bold seed (more than 2.7 mm), medium seed (less than 2.7 mm) and small seed (less than 2.3 mm). The various seed sizes and rates significantly affected performance of...
Ayman M. Khalifah1*, Walaa A. Kashyout1, Sara A. Abdalla2, Hassan S. Zeweil3, Soliman M. Zahran3, Tarek A. Ebeid4, Waleed M. Dosoky3
...ore than 30°C causes heat stress (HS) in birds and is among the most symptoms of stress that impair poultry production. Chromium (Cr) is a trace element and has a beneficial effect Cr on human and animal health. The experiment was conducted to estimate the action of chromium methionine (Cr-Met) supplementation in laying quails (Coturnix japonica) under HS. A total of 180 were allotted to 5 experimental treatments (6 replicates per treatment). Treatments we...
Mudassir Safdar, Aurang Zeb, Sidra Khalid, Shahid Bashir, Riffat Mehboob* and Muhammad Imran
...the effect of fortified wheat flour on the hemoglobin level of anemic hostel girls belonging to Abbottabad. In this interventional study, fortified wheat flour was provided to hostel kitchen for the study subjects. Blood hemoglobin concentrations and anthropometric measurements of all participating hostel girls (n=219) were determined initially (Day-0) and at the end of 4 months feeding period. Mean age of the subjects was 2...
El-Kholy KH1, Tag El-Din H1, Tawfeek FA2, Sara HM Hassab1*
... least in part alleviate heat stress-induced damage to reproductive physiology. SLAE in 7.5 ml/kg dose could be used as a safe natural antioxidant for improving reproductive status in heat-stressed hens.
Keywords | Phytogenic, Hyperthermia, Endocrine hormones, Productive traits, Layer hens
...
Muhammad Hanif Khan1, Syed Muhammad Suhail2, Hayaz uddin1, Aitbar Khan3, Rashid Ahmed Magsi3, Rajwali Khan2*, Iftikhar Ahmed2, Asim Ijaz2 and Khalid Khan2
...rising of green fodder, wheat straw and compound concentrate as per their maintenance and production requirement twice daily. Group A animals were considered as control with no supplementation of yeast culture, while Group B and C animals were supplemented with 20 g/day and 40 g/day of yeast culture respectively and were considered as treatment groups. Water was provided ad libitum to all groups. Yeast culture (YC) supplementation significantly (p<0.001) in...
Ali Zohaib1*, Muzzammil Hussain1, Iftikhar Ahmad1, Mushtaq Ali2, Tahira Tabassum3 and Adnan Bashir1
...cing the output of rice-wheat cropping system. Hence, two-year study was accomplished to find out the differences in growth, crop maturation duration, yield and economic benefits of Basmati rice varieties (Super Basmati, PK-1121 aromatic, Chenab Basmati, Kissan Basmati, Punjab Basmati, Noor Basmati and NIAB Basmati 2016) in Gujranwala rice-wheat cropping zone. Among all varieties, NIAB Basmati 2016 produced the greatest plan...
Tiyyabah Khan1, Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan1*, Muhammad Rizwan Khan1, Muhammad Umer1, Adnan Akhter1 and Waseem Akram2
...ssays were performed on wheat grains artificially infested with C. ferrugineus or T. castaneum along with spores of Aspergillus flavus or A. parasiticus. The results revealed that all the tested insecticides proved to be more toxic against C. ferrugineus as compared to T. castaneum. C. ferrugineus showed complete mortality at the highest concentrations of spinosad (1 ppm) and thiamethoxam (4 ppm), while >95% mortality was recorded at the highest concentrati...
Jabbar Khan1, Mehwish Jehan1, Zeeshan Mutahir2, Muhammad Rafi1, Muhammad Ismail1, Aamer Abbas1 and Jabbar Tanveer3
... breed was more prone to heat stress conditions than control group and that oxidative stress, induced by heat stress, may have a negative effect on the availability of Se, which accordingly resulted in reduced synthesis of thyroid hormones. Beside that the concentrations of total protein, cholesterol, albumin and glucose were found significantly higher in Damani breed than control group, indicating that Damani breed had comp...
Nahla Hamada Magd Khalil1*, Ihab Mahmoud Helal2, El-Desoky Hassan Ibrahim Dorrah1, Soad Ahmed Soliman Ismail3
...its (MPL). The effect of heat treatment (microwaving, roasting and boiling) for DDD residues showed reduction percentages of 81.13%, 60.38%, and 79.25%, respectively. While DDE residues showed reduction percentages of 100%, 57.14%, and 71.43%, respectively. On the other hand, DDT residue was completely reduced in all cooking methods (100%). Heptachlor reduction by roasting was 86.36%, and completely reduced by microwaving and boiling. Heptachlor epoxide reduct...
Arab Khan Lund1*, Atta Hussain Shah2, Gul Bahar Khaskheli2, Mool Chand Malhi3, Ahmed Sultan Jatoi4, Abdul Samad Mangsi5 and Asad Ali Khaskheli6
...observe the influence of heating and time combinations (63°C/30min; T1, 72°C/15sec; T2 and 100.17°C/10min; T3) on physical and chemical characteristics of camel milk. The physical characteristics; pH value, acidity, specific gravity, viscosity (cP) and chemical constituents; ash, casein number (CN), non-casein (NCN), whey protein nitrogen (WPN) and whey protein denaturation (WPD) were significantly (p<0.05) varied at different
Sajad Ali1*, Naeem Ur Rehman Khatak1, Shahab E. Saqib2 and Saleem ur Rehman1
...squo; tenancy status on wheat productivity in selected districts of Central Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa. In this context, 350 wheat growers were purposively selected with 150 landowners and 200 tenants in the study area. A multi-stage sampling technique was employed. Furthermore, to estimate wheat productivity, differences in wheat productivity and socio-economic...
Muhammad Tahir Latif1*, Muzzammil Hussain1, Ayesha Latif2, Majid Hamid Bajwa1, Iftikhar Ahmad1, Ali Zohaib1, Naeem Faisal1 and Muhammad Hamza3
...y was conducted in rice-wheat cropping system of Gujranwala zone, Pakistan during Kharif season 2020 to estimate the economic viability and profitability analysis of mechanically transplanted rice (MTR) in comparison to conventional manual transplanting (CT). Convenience and snow-ball non probability sampling method was used due to less adoption rate of MTR with a sample size of 240. Among targeted MTR growers 72% had 6-row riding type mechanical transplanters...
Md. Serajul Islam1,2, Hongxin Wang1,2,*, Amer Ali Mahdi1, Mohamed Ismael Ahamed2, Zaixiang Lou1 and Fu An Wei3
... FRAP value decreased by heating at different time. These results suggested that grass turtle could be used as food additives to improve the functional food properties. ...
Jawad Abdullah Butt1*, Yasmin Nergis1, Ahmad Hussain2 and Mughal Sharif1
...TGA) analysis, Pyrolytic heating rate and temperature were established to have important effects on the pyrolysis of Thar Coal. Kinetic constraints (frequency factor and activation energy) were gained by curve-fitting the investigational data. For electricity generation, the utilization of Thar coal assets is not limited to their burning, but additional steps must be taken to utilize the tools to reduce the pollution volume of coal and its harmful impacts on t...
Hafiz Liaqat Ali1, Muhammad Tahir Hassan1*, Muftooh Ur Rehman Siddiqi2, Mehwish Arshad1 and Muhammad Mudassar Sharif3
...ance parameters included heat release, mass fraction burned (MFB), power (frictional, effective, indicated), efficiency (mechanical, indicated, brake thermal), and coefficient of variation for indicated mean effective pressure (COVIMEP). Hydrogen blending in NG extends the lean ignition limit, accelerates combustion, and enhances the efficiency of combustion. Hydrogen has an extensive flammability range and very low ignition energy. A blending of hy...
Rabia Goher, Inamullah and Mohammad Akmal*
...e selected genotypes of wheat in three AE i.e. AEP (Peshawar), AEK (Kashmir) and AEC (Chitral). An experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block, having 3 replications. Four cultivars (i.e. Pirsabak-2005, Pakhtunkhwa-2015, Pakistan-2013 and DN-84) along with three advanced lines (i.e. P-2, P-12 and P-18) were compared for the crop growth seasons (i.e. 2017-18 and 2018-19). Averaged across genotypes, days to emergence, heading, anthesis, and maturity ...
Ikele*, Chika Bright, Ujunwa Aghaji, Mgbenka, Benard Obialo
... CN ratios (cassava and wheat) of 10:1 and 20:1 were; cassava (CA 10:1, 20:1) groups C, D, and wheat flour (WH10:1 and 20:1) groups E and F, respectively. Meanwhile, the normal controls, group A (inoculum, no carbon addition) and B (no inoculum, no carbon) had 50% water exchange and received only fish feed at 3% body weight. The physicochemical parameters maintained the tolerable limit for catfish farming. Significant weight...
Erum Iqbal*, Firoza Kazi and Saboohi Raza
...ultural crops including wheat and cause quantitative and qualitative loss to crop production worldwide. They cause serious damage to many important agricultural crops and add to the problem of food security worldwide. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most important economic cereal crop in the world and Pakistan stands in eighth position in global wheat production. The w
Adil Ali Gadahi1, Wajid Ali Jatoi1, Saima Mir Arain2, Jay Kumar Sootaher1*, Piar Ali Shar1, Sadaf Memon1, Muhammad Saleem Chang3, Zeeshan Majeed Kumbhar1 and Kirshan Kumar Menghwar1
...ay, plenty of hexaploid wheat is influenced in our Pakistan. For combating this situation, research was carried out on sixteen bread wheat genotypes to see the effect of water stress at the experimental field, NIA, Tandojam in an RCBD with factorial arrangement of three treatments i.e. T1 (zero irrigation), T2 (two irrigations), T3 (four irrigations) during Rabi season, 2016-2017. The ANOVA results exposed significant differ...
Nur Prabewi , Supriyanto, Budi Purwo Widiarso*
...sp;instability upon heating, thus it needs special treatment. Marination is a flavored liquid that serves as the ingredients of the meat marinated, and is usually used to improve the yield and shelf-life of meat. The research aims to study the effect of herbal marination on the quality characteristics of broiler meat. The variables measured including antioxidants, protein, cholesterol, and chemical residues in meat, as well as meat ten...
Abid Hussain1, Mubbashira Nazir2*, Saira Batool2 and Sidra Majeed1
...ation for groundnut and wheat crops through gypsum application, and adoption of micro-catchments for olive orchards and fruit trees in rain-fed Pothwar have been carried out. Socioeconomic characteristics of the adopter farmers have also been studied. The study is based on primary data that was collected from 110 sample farmers in the year 2018. It is found that adopters of the gypsum technology are more educated, having large family size, operational land and...
Evaluation of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Performance under Different Levels of Zinc and Phosphorus
Abdul Qadoos1, Muhammad Bakhtiar2*, Wajiha Seerat3, Asma Bibi4, Sohail Rahman1, Muhammad Noman Khan5, Ghulam Yaseen6, Mamoona Munir7 and Sadiqullah Khan8
...sist the performance of wheat under several levels of Zinc (Zn) and phosphorus (P). This research was planned in RCB design (split-plot Structure). All the treatments were repeated 4 times to reduce the chances of natural errors. The various levels of P (0, 75, 90 and 105 kg ha-1) were assigned to major plots and Zn levels (0, 4, 8, 12 and 16 kg ha-1) were allocated to sub-plot. ‘Atta Habib’ wheat variety was sow...
Rana Aamir Shehzad1, Ghulam Sarwar1*, Sabir Hussain Shah2, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Noor-Us-Sabah1, Sher Muhammad2, Muhammad Aftab3, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1 and Imran Shehzad1
...ke of phosphorous using wheat as test crop. The research was steered through completely randomized design (CRD) with 14 treatments and 06 replications. Pre and post-harvest soil analysis was performed. The results showed maximum increase in nitrogen (N) (0.91 ppm) and potassium (K) contents (2.59 ppm) in wheat crop and maximum increase in all plant parameters were recorded in T11 [T2 + all P from PROM (phosphorus rich organi...
Inam Ul Haq1*, Muhammad Ramzan1, Mansoor Khan Khattak1 and Ahmad Khan2
... on the yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivar (Pirsabak 2015) under deep tillage in silt clay loam (Pedocals) soil during 2019. The levels of planting technique factor were; 0 m high raised seed bed (P1), 10 cm high raised seed bed (P2) and 20 cm high raised seed bed (P3). Compost from domestic residues (C2), a combination of urea with compost (C3), and urea (C4) were compared with control, no N-fertilizer (C1) in integrated nutrient management fa...
Aiman Al Mufarji1, Abd El-Nasser Ahmed Mohammed1*, Rashid Al Zeidi2, Haitham Al Masruri3
...d for the alleviation of heat stress resulting from global warming contributing to impaired metabolism and dysregulated immune and reproductive functions in animals. The aims of the current study were to investigate modulation impacts of moringa oleifera on thermo-tolerance parameters and blood indices in subtropical ewes under heat stress. Eighteen ewes with an average weight of 50.3 ± 1.80 kg and aged 2.5 - 3.0 year...
Muhammad Islam1,4*, Farrukh Shehzad1, Muhammad Omar2, Abdul Qayyum3 and Rabia Siddiqui4
...ls (LRM) to predict the wheat area, yield and population explosion. The historical data are collected from 1950 to 2020 and ML models are deployed using the 80% train and 20% test datasets. Various combinations of train test split have been applied to check the precisions of data partitions subset on the deployed models. ML model predict that the wheat area will rise up to 15%, 51.7%, wheat
Imtiaz Ahmed*, Imran Khan and Zia Ud Din
...d to develop functional wheat bread by incorporating chamomile and wild thyme to enhance overall nutritional composition, phenolic contents and antioxidant activity. In this study, chamomile and wild thyme powders were first mixed at equal proportions and wheat flour was then replaced with the mixture at 1 , 2 and 3 % incorporation levels, to prepare composite test bread.Total polyphenols, total flavonoids content and antiox...
Bibi Hajira*, Imran Khan and Zia-ud-Din
...orporation of these non-wheat materials into bread is challenging from consumer acceptability perspective. Therefore, the current study investigated the effect of incorporating red sorghum and barley flours in white bread on in-vitro starch digestibility, estimated glycemic index (eGI) and consumer acceptability. Bread was formulated by incorporating blends (equal proportion) of sorghum and barely flours at 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% levels, each. Composite bread w...
Amina Batool1*, Saba Aleem1, Ali Nawaz1, Muhammad Imran Khan1, Waheed Arshad1, Muhammad Aslam2, Shiraz Ali3 and Muhammad Zeeshan3
...in quality and yield in wheat. In wheat-based crop production system, it can be easily managed. An indiscrimination in seeding rate can lead to higher production cost but will also result in decline of crop yield and quality. Hence, the present experiment was designed to establish the optimal seeding density of three different wheat genotypes (Fatehjang-2016, Dharabi-11 and 16FJ17) of the ...
Shahbaz Ahmed1, Mubeen Ahmad1, Muhammad Razaq1* and Farhan Mahmood Shah1,2*
... are important pests of wheat crop causing direct or indirect injury to the crop. The pest is routinely managed through use of insecticides. Insecticides due to their toxic effects are mostly not desired for use on food crops. Thus, alternative approaches such as biological and cultural control are more desirable. This research explores irrigation stress impacts on wheat aphids, predators, and yield characteristics under fie...
Desy Cahya Widianingrum1*, Himmatul Khasanah1, Melinda Erdya Krismaputri1, Susan Barbara Patricia Sembiring Meliala2
...il (VCO) made by the non-heating method. The ration of the wafer consisted of 30% rice straw, 30% concentrate, 30% indigofera, 5% molasses, and 5% VCO. The group of treatments were wafer supplemented with VCO (P0); wafer supplemented with VCO saponification (P1); wafer supplemented with VCO protected by formaldehyde (P2); wafer without VCO (P3); and wafer supplemented with VCO mixed on indigofera (P4). Each treatments were using six replications and tested for...
Iqtidar Hussain1*, Shakeel Ahmad Jatoi2, Muhammad Jawad Nazir1, Ehtesham Ul Haq1, Faheem Abbas1 and Muhammad Saqib Raza Shah1
...setum glaucumL.), bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench. Response of aqueous leaves extract was assessed through various agronomic and physiological parameters including number of plants emerged, leaves per plant, chlorophyll content, root and shoot length, plant fresh and dry biomass were studied. The strong phytotoxic effect of aqueous extract on all the studied parameters was recorded when applied @ 25 g L-1(w/v). The da...
Sajid Hanif1, Abdul Shakoor1,4*, Muhammad Farrukh Saleem1, Ifra Saleem2, Sajid Ali3, Muhammad Awais Ashraf4, Majid Nadeem4, Hira Shair4, Anwar ul Haq5, Rana Abdul Hamid Khan6 and Muhammad Amir Amin7
... Among abiotic stresses, heat and drought stresses instigate substantial rice yield reductions. A pot trial was laid out to observe the efficacy of foliar spray of proline on rice in the alleviation of both heat and drought effects in rice. Pot experiment was laid out in Kharif season 2018 inside the glasshouse of University of Agriculture Faisalabad. Treatments viz., control (no stress imposition) and stress treatments viz....
Veasna Chem1 †, Hong-Seok Mun1,2 †, Keiven Mark B. Ampode1, Shad Mahfuz1, Il-Byung Chung1, Muhammad Ammar Dilawar1,3, Chul-Ju Yang1,3,*
... be a new technology for heat detection in gilts.
Keywords | Temperature, Proestrus, Estrus, Thermal camera
...
Hafiz Qaisar Yasin1*, Dora Marinova2 and Muhammad Naveed Tahir3
...er of four major crops (wheat, rice, cotton and sugarcane) in Punjab. The study found that the average economic values of wheat, rice, cotton, and sugarcane crops are PKR 2.6/m3, PKR 2.4/m3, PKR 2.4/m3, and PKR 3.0/m3, respectively. These values are substantially higher than the current flat-rate canal irrigation water charging rates in Punjab. The research further indicated the need to enhance canal water charging rates to ...
N. Wachida1*, P. M. Dawuda2,1, I. U. Ate3,1, P. I. Rekwot4, 2
... impact of environmental heat stress on follicle diameter, and ovarian hormones concentrations. Twelve (n=12) non-pregnant, Zebu cows with 2-3 successive calving record were utilized. Temperature humidity index (THI) determined and rectal temperatures of cows were monitored. Cows were synchronized for oestrus using PGF2α. Follicular studies were carried out. Serum oestradiol and luteinizing hormones were monitored by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (EL...
Naheed Zahra1*, Saira Batool1, Mubbashira Nazir1, Ghulam Akbar Malik2 and Iffat Batool3
...s like crop production, wheat harvesting, livestock operations and, cleaning animal sheds was high. Taking into consideration the role of women in farming, the government should take steps to encourage them by providing trainings. The government level training will increase female farmers’ level of involvement and productive capacity in agricultural and livestock management. It was suggested that at the household level, kitchen gardening program should b...
Sonia Sumreen1, Muhammad Sharif2, Tariq Sultan1 and Ijaz Ali1*
... on the productivity of wheat and P uptake, a field trial was conducted. Treatments used were Control (No RP, No HA), rock phosphate alone (RP), RP mixed with HA @ 5 Kg ha‒1 (RP+HA-5) and RP mixed with HA @ 10 Kg ha‒1 (RP+HA-10) and were replicated 3 times randomly in Complete Block Design. Addition of RP significantly increased soil P2O5 content, P uptake, total dry matter, grains, and straw yield of wheat over control....
Abhishek Pandit1, Suman Poudel2, Manish Gautam3* and Shambhu Shah4
...strous cycle or inducing heat in a vast number of females in a given time period. Ovulation can be controlled by interrupting or influencing the wave-like follicular growth pattern. Estrus synchronization is achieved by shortening or prolonging the luteal phase using prostaglandins or exogenous progestogens, respectively. The selection of protocol depends on the assessment of resources, including facilities, labor, experience, and budget. PGF2α induces l...
Shad Mahfuz1,2†, Hong-Seok Mun1,3†, Muhammad Ammar Dilawar1, Keiven Mark B Ampode1,4, Veasna Chem1, Young-Hwa Kim5, Jong-Pil Moon6, Chul-Ju Yang1,7*
...ned the effects of solar heating system as a source of renewable energy on the growth performance, electricity uses and housing environments of piglets. For this trial, a total 20 piglets having similar average body weight 6.83 ± 1.07 kg (mean ± std.) were randomly divided into 2 (two) incubators, control (conventional) incubator and the solar based incubator with 10 replicates each. The experimental duration was 10 weeks (70 days). Feed intake, ...
Shabana Ehsan1*, Aneela Riaz2, Muhammad Amjad Qureshi1, Abid Ali1, Ifra Saleem3, Muhammad Aftab3, Khalid Mehmood4, Fakhar Mujeeb1, Muhammad Asif Ali1, Hina Javed1, Fraza Ijaz1, Anwar-ul-Haq5, Khaliq-ur-Rehman3 and M. Usman Saleem4
...bacterial isolates from wheat, maize, sorghum, millet, and maize rhizosphere soil of Rawalpindi and Sargodha divisions. The screening of bacterial isolates for siderophore production through CAS-shuttle assay (quantitative) and CAS-agar (qualitative) was done. Isolates were further characterized for Fe and phosphorus solubilization, indole acidic acid (IAA) equivalents, and organic acid production. The growth chamber and field study was planned to evaluate the...
Jiangbo Shao1, Donglai Zhu2, Shengqiang Zou1, Guohong Ge1 and Ju Huang1*
...9 mainly participated in heat stress response, protein folding as well as metabolism and biosynthesis of amino acid. SOX9 correlated with HSPA1B were negative to the progression in hepatocellular carcinoma patients. These results suggest that SOX9 participated in hepatocellular carcinoma progression through targeted regulation of HSPA1B that might provide novel insights in hepatocellular carcinoma therapy....
Sajida Batool*, Sitara Shameem, Kainat Malik and Aneela Iram
...f all treated groups was heated at 250◦C, 2450 MHz frequency for 15 min and was provided for 4 weeks. Intake of microwave exposed feed caused a highly significant increase (P<0.001) in mean body and liver weight of mice of all treated groups as compared to control. Histopathological alterations were observed in sections of liver and kidney of mice that were given microwave processed feed. Statistical analysis revealed that the average cross-sectional area...
Ahmad-ur-Rahman Saljoqi, Muhammad Tayeb and Muhammad Salim*
...on population trends of wheat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) and its associated natural enemies on different wheat cultivars was carried out at Agriculture Research Institute (ARI) Tarnab, Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP)-Pakistan during rabi season 2018-2019. Fourteen wheat cultivars i.e Wadaan-17, Paseene-17, Khaista-17, Ghaneemat, KT-2017, Pakhtunkhaw-15, PS-15, NIFA-Insaf-15, NIFA-Aman...
Reza Aghnoum*, Hamid-Reza Sharifi, Masoud Ghodsi and Ahmad Zare Fizabadi
...g nematodes in the 1st (wheat, barley, cotton, wheat) and the 2nd (wheat, sugar beet, wheat, sugar beet and wheat) rotation patterns were not statistically significant. In the 3th rotation pattern (wheat, maize, wheat, melon and w
Sherif Abdelghany1, Hossam Mahrous Ebeid2*, Ahmed Abdelkader Aboamer2, Mohamed Ali Radwan1, Rania Agamy1
...ct that provided mainly wheat straw. Green forage patterns differed (P = 0.001) in the two districts, where water grass (Echinochloa crus-galli) was the major fodder in both districts, followed by corn fodder and clover. The feed intake of concentrate and green fodder for fed buffaloes and cows was higher (P < 0.05) in Nile Valley district. A significant difference (P < 0.05) observed in daily milk and fat-corrected milk (FCM) yields between both distric...
Mahmut Islamoglu
...there are many pests of wheat plants, Sunn pest Eurygaster integriceps Put. (Heteroptera; Scutelleridae) is the most important pest in Turkey and West Asian countries. In our country, it causes important economic losses in wheat with the epidemics it has made from time to time. E. integriceps spends most of its life in overwintering sites. It is thought that knowing the wintering characteristics of Sunn pest will provide imp...
Noha M. Abd El-Azeem*, Hemat A. Abdel Magied, Mervat N. Ghazal, Nehad A. Ramadan, Enayat H. Abo El-Azayem, Y. S. Hussein, Heba H. Habib
... in female rabbits under heat stress.
Keywords | Antioxidant; Turmeric; MOS; Biostrong; stress; Rabbit does
...
Aqsa Batool1, Masood Rabbani1*, Farhat Nazir Awan2, Sohail Raza1, Sehrish Firyal3 and Shahan Azeem1
...m cattle and buffalo of wheat rice Punjab, mixed Punjab, cotton/wheat Punjab, Low intensity Punjab and Rain-fed Punjab zones. The study revealed individual seroprevalence of BoHV-1 49.5% in cattle and 51.5% in buffalo. Over all prevalence in five zones of Punjab was observed as 25% in mixed Punjab to 71.25% in Rain-fed Punjab. The BoHV-1 seropositivity ranged from 30 - 60% in cattle and 20-75% in buffaloes. Age, breeds of an...
Faiq Ahmad1, Shahen Shah1*, Muhammad Amin2, Ikram Ullah3, Sajid Ali4, Maaz Khan1, Muhammad Shakur5 and Sajjad Khan6
...ology and crop stand of wheat, research was conducted at the Agronomy Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, during 2019-20. The experiment comprised of nitrogen application from integrated sources (50% FYM + 50% urea + BM, 50% FYM + 50% PM + BM, 50% PM + 50% urea + BM, 50% FYM + 50% urea – BM, 50% FYM + 50% PM – BM and 50% PM + 50% urea – BM) and N sources application timing (1, 15 and 30 days before sowing). Experiment also ...
Muhammad A. Ahmad1, Shabbir Hussain2*, Humera A. Awan3, Muhammad Riaz4 and Muhammad Saeed1
...and plant morphology of wheat crop. Current studies were performed to investigate the effect of PGRs on the yield of wheat crop in Sayban International, Lahore (Pakistan). The field experiments were performed to evaluate the effects of numerous concentrations of three PGRs (sodium-5-nitroguaiacolate, sodium ortho-nitrophenolate and sodium para-nitrophenolate) on the yield of wheat crop. Nu...
Khalid Hussain1, Muneer Abbas1*, Niaz Hussain1, Muhammad Irshad1, Mudassar Khaliq1, Zubeda Parveen1, Sohail Abbas2, Ali Raza3 and Abdul Ghaffar1
...ferent growth stages of wheat (seedling, tillering and dough stage) and trap height (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 meter) on the basis of mean aphid collection and species richness. Results indicated that population appeared in the standard week (SW) 52 of 1st year to SW 18 of 2nd year in both traps. Population peaks in the yellow moericke traps (YMT) and sticky trap (YST) were found during SW 08-14 and SW 10-14, respectively. The YMTs were 50 % more effective due to their...
Khalid Hussain1, Muneer Abbas1*, Niaz Hussain1, Muhammad Irshad1, Mudassar Khaliq1, Zubeda Parveen1, Sohail Abbas2, Ali Raza3 and Abdul Ghaffar1
...ferent growth stages of wheat (seedling, tillering and dough stage) and trap height (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 meter) on the basis of mean aphid collection and species richness. Results indicated that population appeared in the standard week (SW) 52 of 1st year to SW 18 of 2nd year in both traps. Population peaks in the yellow moericke traps (YMT) and sticky trap (YST) were found during SW 08-14 and SW 10-14, respectively. The YMTs were 50 % more effective due to their...
Ibrahim El-Ratel1*, Mostafa El-Moghazy2, Amira El-Gaml2, Ibrahim Abu El-Naser2
Hafiz Ghulam Muhu-Din Ahmed1*, Aziz Ullah2, Muhammad Asim Bhutta3, Ammara Yasmeen4, Hafeez ur Rehman5 and Umar Farooq5
... physical properties of wheat grain strongly influence on yield and have direct or indirect impact on the wheat milling and baking quality. Association of yield and physical traits of grain in 33 spring wheat genotypes were examined under field experimental conditions during the wheat crop season of 2020-21. The experiment was set up in a three-replicati...
Supply Response Analysis of Gram in the Context of Prices and Non-Prices Factors in Punjab, Pakistan
Naheed Zahra*, Muhammad Qasim, Muhammad Azam Niazi, Muhammad Ishaq and Mubbashira Nazir
...elated to the prices of wheat the major competing crop. This shows that as prices of competing crops increase the comparative profitability of gram decreases and hence its production decreases compared to competing crops. It is recommended that as gram producers are risk averse and prefer crops with sustained profitability so there is a need for policy package for improving gram production in gram area. The package may include gram crop insurance packages to f...
Bilal Atta1*, Arshed Makhdoom Sabir1, Syed Sultan Ali1, Muhammad Rizwan2, Muhammad Dildar Gogi3, Muhammad Usman Saleem1, Tahir Hussain Awan4, Tahir Latif4, Mohsin Ali Raza1, Muhammad Afzal5 and Nadeem Rehman6
...tation in both rice and wheat mills. Present study was designed to estimate the feeding preference and associated post-harvest losses (growth rate, grain damage and grain losses) of T. castaneum on four rice cultivars (Super Basmati, Basmati 515, Super Basmati 2019 and Super Gold) and their components (Paddy, Brown rice and Polished rice) under controlled conditions. Results indicated that maximum growth rate (64.00), grain damage (76.67%), and grain weight lo...
Uzma Hameed1*, Aneela Liaqat1, Muhammad Asjad Khan2, Ikram-Ul-Haq1 and Maham Aslam1
...sing a solid substrate, wheat bran. Optimal enzyme production (2.1±0.15 U/ml) was achieved with 48 hours fermentation period. A considerable increase in enzyme activity (4.5±0.031 U/ml) was observed when diluent with initial pH of 7 was used. Among different carbon sources (maltose, glucose, starch, galactose, arabinose and sucrose) best results were obtained with soluble starch. Alpha-amylase production is sensitive to the supply of nitrogen sou...
Farrukh Shehzad1, Muhammad Islam1,2*, Muhammad Omar3, Syed Ijaz Hussain Shah4, Rizwan Ahmed5 and Naeem Sohail6
... justify;">An optimized wheat crop productivity model can play a crucial role for evolving effective agricultural policy decisions for food concerns and trepidation. This study measures the efficacies of modified machine learning algorithms using multiple linear regression (MLR), decision tree regression (DTR) and random forest regression (RFR) for wheat productivity using 75% and 25% randomized partitions. The 26,430 field ...
Ergi Bahrioglu1, Mustafa Hac Isa2, Sibel Cengiz2 and Ertan Ercan2*
...ed from the substrate by heat treatment and the counting was done manually, using dissection tools. Proximate composition of the produced white worms was measured with regard to given ratios of the protein, carbohydrate and lipid sources provided from the feed materials. The plant-based diet yielded the highest worm density of the study (2220 worms/unit) while the garden soil was used as substrate. In comparison, the fish feed-based diet fed white worms reache...
Sumaria Maqsood1*, Muhammad Ali 2, Amna Shoaib3, Shahbaz Ahmad2 and Noor-ul-Ain2
...a on the modified diet (wheat germ + tomato paste) significantly reduced the larval and pupal developmental duration by 30%, while, considerably enhancing eclosion rate, pupation survival rate, and the number of eggs by 20-30% along with the 40-50% reduction in the pupal and larvae mortality rate as compared to the tomato paste diet and chickpea diet. The rearing expenses for 200 larvae on the modified diet (674/Rs) were 2.5 folds less than the expenses for re...
Ibrahim Samir Abd El-Hamid1, Alaa Emara Rabee2, Moustafa Mohamed M. A. Ghandour2, Rasha Salah Mohammed3, Ahmed Mohamed. Sallam4
...aits in goat males under heat stress conditions.
Keywords | Herbs additives, Quebracho tannins, Antioxidants, Sperm quality, Damascus goats.
...
Samiya Rehman*, Eman Mustafa, Ali Ahmad Faiz, Maheen Kanwal, Farkhanda Yasmin and Arooj Fatima
... and function of myelin sheath, neuroinflammation resulted in reduced memory, decision making and thinking power. The adverse effects of drug addiction can be reversed to greater extent through usage of anti-inflammatory drugs, exercise and deactivation of microglial pathways. Plants are proved to be promising source of recovering drug addiction side effects. This article also focuses on psychological and emotional regulations, caused by drug addiction involve...
Manzoor Ali Magsi1*, Naimatullah Laghari1, Ahmed Ali Tagar1, and Habibullah Magsi2
... the study area for the wheat crop. It was found that the most effective tillage practices were Deep + NPK and Deep + FM in the study area for the crop. The maximum values of micro, macro, and stability aggregates ranged from 10.86 to 21.41, 73.32 to 82.95, and 13.63 to 28.71 g/m3 while treated with different shallow and deep manure in the wheat experiment during cropping years 2019-20 and 2020-21 respectively. Similarly, th...
Shahid Hameed Khan Khalil1*, Abdus Subhan3, Ghani Akbar1, Muhammad Asif1, Zafar Islam1, Adnan Shakeel1 and Fawad Anwar2
...stify;">The response of wheat to different irrigation regimes was studied in pot culture under rain shelter conditions at Arid Zone Research Center (AZRC), Dera Ismail Khan during 2014–15 and 2015–16. Irrigation was applied at different rates including control (only at sowing), 25, 50 and 75% of field capacity and conventional irrigation (300mm seasonal requirement) was used. In conventional irrigation methods, irrigation was used to maintain field...
Rao Mansor Ali Khan* and Syed Amer Mahmood
... factors include various heat fluxes (e.g., ground, sensible and latent heat flux), a variety of radiations (e.g., extraterrestrial, shortwave, longwave, and net radiations), and the photosynthesis index. In this research, the net radiations were estimated as 27,428 Wm−2 throughout the wheat growth period (WGP), including (118.3 Wm−2) as shortwave and (34.63 Wm−2) as long...
I. K.A. Ibrahim1, Z.A. Handoo2† and A. B. A. Basyony1
...s: Heterodera avenae on wheat, H.
daverti and H. trifolii on Egyptian clover, H. leuceilyma on Bermuda grass, H. lespedezae on lentil, H. goldeni on
qasabagrass, H. schachtii on cabbage and sugar beet, H. zeae on corn and wheat and Globodera rostochiensis on
potato. The cyst nematodes H. leuceilyma and G. rostochiensis are new records of the country and H. lespedezae on
lentil ...
Y. I. Erum and F. Shahina†
...genetic diversity among wheat germplasm (20 cultivars/lines) in
relation to their response against cereal cyst nematodes Heterodera avenae, through Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA
(RAPD) technique. A total of 589 bands were generated using 14 primers with an average of 28.8 bands/genotype. Maximum
percentage of polymorphic loci was 92.86% for genotype TJ-83. Inferences have been made regarding bioassay and
molec...
S. Ahmed†, Q. Liu and H. Jian
...d nematode infection of wheat roots when juveniles were used as inoculum after 10 days post inoculation. Noteworthy reduction in white female cyst development was observed on roots treated with Avermectin seed coating followed by isolates B. cereus XZ 24-2-1, B. cereus XZ-33-3, B. weihenstephansis MH-58-60-01 and B. thuringiensis MH 032-003 as compared to control treatment....
A. Jabbar, N. Javed†, S.A. Khan and M.A. Ali
Muhammad Iqbal Anjum*, Shahbaz Javaid, Agha Waqar Yunus, Faisal Ashfaq and Javed Iqbal
... (MC) as replacement of wheat straw (WS) in Total Mixed Ration (TMR) for buffalo calves, 18 calves (aged 14±2 months weighing 189±15 kg) were randomly divided into six equal groups. Six TMRs [iso-nutritious with 12% CP and 68% TDN] having crop residues MS, MC and WS each supplemented with 75% and 65% concentrate (C) were formulated as: T1) MS to C ratio of 25:75%, T2) MS to C ratio of 35:65%, T3) MC to C ratio of 25:75%, T4) MC to C ratio of 35:6...
Nachaat Sakr
...ve effect of barley and wheat along the whole world. To defeat it, sources of host resistance and pathogenic variation of FHB species need to be identified. Although barley and wheat are crucial crops in the dried Mediterranean area, there is insufficient information about their resistance to head blight infection and aggressiveness of Fusarium species. A 3-year (2019 to 2021) experiment was conducted under arid Mediterranea...
Aqleem Abbas1, Mustansar Mubeen2, Yasir Iftikhar2, Qaiser Shakeel3*, Hafiz M. Imran Arshad4, Maria del Carmen Zuñiga Romano5 and Sarfaraz Hussain6
...t-align: justify;">Rice sheath blight (RSB) disease became one of the major threats to rice crops worldwide. The causal agent of RSB is the necrotrophic fungus Rhizoctonia solani. Finding appropriate management strategies to combat the disease to minimize rice yield losses and reduce global food security threats is challenging. However, scientists are still figuring out the best way to safeguard rice crops from RSB. Recently various pathogenesis-related (PR) v...
Syed Shah Mohioudin Gillani1, Muhammad Naveed Tahir1, Adeel Anwar1*, Syed Ijaz Ul Haq2, Muhammad Awais3, Mujahid Iqbal4, Javed Iqbal5, Hina Ahmed Malik3, Syed Muhammad Zaigham Abbas Naqvi6, Raza Ullah7 and Muhammad Abdullah Khan1
...ite imagery to estimate wheat chlorophyll content coupled with ground-based information for accurately monitoring crop chlorophyll status under rainfed conditions. Images with zero clouds from LANDSAT 8 and ground data collection were carried out in a simultaneous time frame. Vegetation indices (VI) comprised of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), green normalized difference vegetation index (GNDVI), chlorophyll absorbed ratio index (CARI), modified...
Muhammad Umair1,2, Muhammad Naeem1, Asad Jamil3 and Muhammad Younas2,4*
...ice husk biochar (RHB), wheat straw biochar (WSB) and orange peel biochar (OPB) were applied after washing with distilled water. Results showed that all treatments improved the soil chemical properties as compared to saline-sodic control. However, maximum decrease in soil ECe (37.63%) and soil pHs (22.61%) was found with application of rice husk biochar @ 0.3% as compared with saline-sodic control. Similarly, maximum decrease in soil Na+ (59.66%) and SAR (63.6...
Kainat Bibi1*, Sajjad Khan1, Zulfiqar Ali Gurmani1, Fahad Karim Awan1 and Sajid Ali2
...f organic and inorganic wheat production was designed to study the field performance and quality of wheat grown under two regimes. The experiment was carried out at National Tea and High Value Crops Research Institute (NTHRI) Shinkiari, Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan in 2019. Seven wheat cultivars (Atta Habib, Faisalabad, ASS, Punjab 2011, Lasani, NARC-11 and Pakistan-13) were sown...
Saba Iqbal1, Salman Khurshid1*, Hafiza Mehwish Iqbal1, Qurrat-Ul-Ain Akbar1, Aqeel Ahmed Siddique3, Saqib Arif1, Shahid Yousaf2, Masooma Munir4, Abdul Karim Khan4, Shazia Arif5, Abdul Ahad6 and Muhammad Arif7
...ive characterization of wheat grains in terms of hardness. Since wheat is the staple food and its hardness is one of the basic quality traits being used in local and international trade. In addition to the NIR-spectroscopy, wheat grain samples were also analyzed through standard methods for hardness such as hardness index (HI) and particle size index (PSI). Samples had hardness scores rang...
J. Salma and F. Shahina
...in vitro on soya flour, wheat flour, lipid media, corn flour and on assemblage culture on Galleria mellonella larva and lipid modified media for mass scale to assess ...
Rana Aamir Shehzad1, Ghulam Sarwar1*, Sabir Hussain Shah2, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Noor-us-Sabah1, Sher Muhammad2, Muhammad Aftab3, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Imran Shehzad1 and Usman Saleem4
... from rock phosphate by wheat. The fourteen treatments with six replicates were arranged according to completely randomized design (CRD). Treatments of the study were T1 = Recommended N, K with no P, T2 = Recommended NPK from mineral fertilizer, T3 = T1 + all P from PROM (Phosphorus rich organic manure), T4 = T1 + all P from FYM , T5 = T1 + all P from compost, T6 = T1 + all P from press mud, T7 = T1 + half P from mineral fertilizer + half P from PROM, T8 = T1 ...
Shabana Memon1*, Aamir Ali Abro1, Muhammad Iqbal Jakhro2, Aqsa Farid3, Maliha Habib4, Maqbool Ahmed5, Liaquat Ali Bhutto6, Saba Ambreen Memon7 and Muhammad Farooq8*
...ative effects it has on wheat output. For improving production in water-scarce locations, screening drought-tolerant wheat cultivars is crucial. At the Plant Physiology Division of NIA, Tando Jam, the current experiment was conducted during the Rabi year of 2021. At both the P0.01 and P0.05 probability levels, the growth measurements at the seedling stage revealed extremely significant variations for all characteristics amon...
Saleem Hussain1, Muhammad Tayyab1, Tauqir Anwar1, Talha Nazir2*, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed3, Zohaib Asad2,4, Muhammad Adnan3 and Tajwar Alam5
... stramonium L.) against wheat aphid (Schizaphis graminum Rondani) under laboratory and field conditions. Using foliar spray method, toxicity bioassay was conducted with three different concentrations (i.e. 250, 500 and 1000 ppm) of methanolic plant extracts under controlled laboratory conditions, while three different concentrations (25, 50 and 75 g/L) of each botanical extract was tested in the field trial. Results showed a significant mortality and suppressi...
Muhammad Yaseen1, Muhammad Luqman1*, Sheer Abbas2, Usman Saleem1, Abdul-Gafar Ahmed3 and Muhammad Salman Aslam1
...major cereal crops like wheat, maize and rice at district level. It is expected that majority of crops under consideration to be harmfully affected by increasing temperature and irregular rainfalls. It is also observed and categorized the sources through information are collected by farmers about changing in climate conditions. In this study, local adaption practices and strategies, private and government institutional support and efforts, national adaption po...
Amber Khalid1*, Amjad Rashid Kayani1, Muhammad Sajid Nadeem1, Muhammad Mushtaq1, Mirza Azhar Beg1 and Surrya Khanam2
...ter, Triticum aestivum (wheat) was the major consumed item followed by Brassica campestris (mustard) and Arachis hypogaea (peanut). Sorghum bicolor (millet) and Vigna radiata (mong bean) was also consumed in small proportions. Pearson chi-square was used to calculate the significance difference among every food item and among seasons. Significant difference (p<0.05) was observed among consumption of different food items and among different seasons. Non- sig...
Usama Saleem1, Muhammad Asrar1*, Dilbar Hussain2, Saddam Hussain1, Abdul Ghaffar2, Hassan Usman1, Muhammad Imran1, Mubshar Saleem3 and Maryam Hamid1
...="text-align: justify;">Wheat aphid is a crop-damaging bug. It causes significant damage by sucking cell sap, injecting a poison into the plant, eliminating photo-assimilates, and spreading plant-destroying viruses. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of botanical extracts and synthetic insecticides in combating wheat aphids. Data regarding the aphid population was recorded 24, 48, 72, and 168 hours after the a...
Muhammad Afzal Naeem1*, Muhammad Hassaan Khan2, Tahmina Nazish3, Uzma Bashir4 and Midrarullah5
...ltivation of cotton and wheat crops constitutes the major cropping pattern in Pakistan. Current study was undertaken to investigate the allelopathic effect of the post-harvest remnants of cotton crop on the germination and growth parameters of successor wheat crop. Experiment was laid down in complete randomized design. The seeds (n=10) of Triticum aestivum L. were placed in each replicate and treated with aqueous extracts f...
Muhammad Zeeshan Khan1*, Umar Khitab Saddozai1, Abdul Aziz Khakwani1, Mohammad SafdarBaloch1, Atiq Ahmad Alazai2 and Muhammad Amjad Nadim1
...or controlling weeds in wheat. The present research work was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of newly approved weedicides to control weeds in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan, during season of 2019-2020. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with split plot arrangement having 3 replications. It is concluded from the present research that for obtaining maximum w
Bismillah Khan1*, Muhammad Mehran Anjum1,2*, Maaz Ullah1, Izharullah1, Aftab Ahmad3 and Jawad Akbar1
... 1st December 2020) and wheat lines (MY409-4, MY1617, MY1416, MY291-4, MY1501, MY1419 and MY902) with one local wheat check (PS-15). Sowing dates were assigned to the main plot and wheat lines to the sub plot. Results indicated that local check PS-15 resulted in higher weeds density (79.6 plants m-2), (64.0 plants m-2) and (39.6 plants m-2) 30, 60 and 90 DAS, respectively. Similarly, local...
Luqman1*, Zahid Hussain2, Tamana Bakht3, Fazli Wahab1, Miftah-ud-Din1, Haroon Khan2, Imran Shinwari1, Ata Ullah1, Liaqat Khan1 and Sara Hidayat4
...a helioscopia as mulch, wheat straw as mulch, a hand weeded treatment and a weedy control. Data were taken on fresh weed biomass (kg ha-1), plant height (cm), no. of leaves plant-1 and biological yield (kg ha-1). The results of the investigation showed that both the cropping patterns and weed control measures significantly affected all the studied parameters except plant height at maturity (cm). Furthermore, the N-S sowing direction proved to be more effective...
Muhammad Hasnain1, Qudsia Nazir2, Ifra Saleem2*, Syed Shahid Hussain Shah1, Muhammad Asif Ali1 and Noor ul Ain3
...aple food like rice and wheat and possible choice to reduce/decrease the Zn deficiency among humans of poor world. Around the globe main/basic reasons of Zn deficiency are intensive agriculture and ignorance to micronutrient fertilization. Soils with less organic matter (OM), high in pH and calcareousness contribute in Zn deficiency. Moreover, efficiency of zinc (Zn) in soils is usually very little due to fixation of Zn in the soil matrix. So, a study was exec...
Abid Hussain1*, Hassnain Shah1, Muhammad Nadeem Iqbal2 and Tariq Sultan3
...les, use of Biozote for wheat crop, and Pak Seeder technology for sowing wheat crop by zero-till method. Keeping this in view, economic viabilities of these technologies have been determined through marginal analysis. Unfortunately, Pak-seeder technology could not be demonstrated effectively due to few institutional and technical limitations. Thus, technical issues in its manufacturing as well as its use are highlighted. The...
Sukandi Sukandi1,4, Djoni Prawira Rahardja2*, Herry Sonjaya2, Hasbi Hasbi2, Sudirman Baco2, Sri Gustina3, Kirana Dara Dinanti Adiputra1
...termine the influence of heat stress on the physiological and hematological profiles of horned and polled Bali cattle. Eight male Bali cattle (four horned and four polled) with an age range of 2.5–4.5 years were used. Parameters observed were the body’s physiological response (rectal temperature, skin surface temperature, respiration rate, and pulse rate) and hematological profile (erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and leukocytes). Body physiol...
Muhammad Waqas Yonas1,2*, Khuram Mubeen2, Muhammad Irfan3, Muhammad Ayaz Shahzad4, Mudassir Aziz2, Saad ur Rehman5 and Shoaib Zawar2
...th, and productivity of wheat crop under stale seedbed. This experiment was held under RCBD with three replications. The study consisted of eight treatments viz: T1: stale seedbed + no herbicide, T2: stale seedbed + glyphosate @ 711 a.i mL ha-1, T3: stale seedbed + paraquat-dichloride @ 494 a.i mL ha-1, T4: stale seedbed + atlantis (mesosulfuron-methyl and iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium) @ 15 a.i g ha-1, T5: stale seedbed + glyphosate @ 356 a.i mL ha-1 + paraquat ...
Antonius Agung Wiono1, Maria Elizabeth Nana Wijayanti1, Dhika Yonika Primacitra1, Trioso Purnawarman2, Andriyanto3, Aulia Andi Mustika3, Amaq Fadholly3*
...ting the risk induced by heat stress and its productivity of broiler chicken.Materials and Methods:Broiler chicken were divided to six groups (normal control, negative control, heat stress treated vitamin C 200 g/ton and 400 g/ton, heat stress treated PhytoceeTM 200 g/ton and 400 g/ton). Its productivity was measured in different parameters including early – weekly - final body weig...
Abdulaziz A. Alaqil*
...up (n=10) to assess heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) density and glutathione peroxidase (GHS-px) activity, respectively. The general linear model procedure with one-way analysis of variance (GLM-ANOVA) was used to analyze the data. The results showed a significant (P<0.05) increase in the BT, H/L ratio, MDA, and CORT, and over-expression of HSP70 in the hens of LPS group. Also, significant (P<0.05) impairments were perceived in the feed consumption and...
Abdur Rauf1*, Muhammad Jawad1, Farooq Jan1, Muhammad Qayash2, Muhammad Yasin4, Samrin Gul5, Wisal Khan3, Ikramullah Khan1, Farkhanda Bibi1, Wajid Khan6, Tanweer Kumar6, Muhammad Arif6 and Khilwat Afridi7
...="text-align: justify;">Wheat is one of the important staple crops of the world. Its grain yield is affected by various factors including genotype and planting time. An experiment was conducted to study the yield performance of 10 different wheat advanced genotypes (PR-133, PR-135, PR-136, PR-137, PR-138, PR-139, PR-140, Khaista-17, Gulzar-19 and Pirsabak-19) at different sowing times of 15-days interval. A pooled analysis a...
Shujaullah Khan1, Zahid Hussain1*, Haroon Khan1 and Omer Suha Uslu2
... management strategy in wheat crop in the long run. In order to assess the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on wheat crop in comparison with certain synthetic herbicides, a field experiment was designed in the Farm of the University of Agriculture Peshawar, in the wheat growing season of 2020-21. A Randomized Complete Block design (RCBD) was used for the layout of the experiment, kee...
Abdur Rauf1*, Muhammad Sadiq1, Farooq Jan1, Muhammad Qayash2, Wisal Khan3, Ikramullah Khan1, Khilwat Afridi4, Muhammad Shuaib5, Muhammad Khalid6 and Samrin Gul7
... among exotic and local wheat genotypes at Cereal Crop Research Institute (CCRI) Pirsabak, Nowshera, Pakistan. A total of sixteen genotypes i.e., eight exotic and eight local germplasms were sown in a three-replication randomized complete block design. The different parameters were recorded including days to heading, flag leaf area, plant height, tillers per plant, spike length, spikelets per spike, grain yield per plant, biological yield per plant, and 1000-g...
Komal Javed1, Sohaib Muhammad1*, Zarghaam Khan1, Sehar Fatima1, Hassan Nawaz1, Mahrukh1, Tahira Khalid1 and Shariat Ullah2
...al analysis of weeds of wheat, rice and sugarcane crops of Tehsil Muridke, District Sheikhupura, Pakistan. Sampling was done randomly with the help of a quadrat method (1m2). For each crop, sixty quadrats were taken from each village i.e., twenty quadrats from each selected site. The data was gathered after every fifteen days during the course of crop. For the determination of Importance Value Index (IVI) percentage frequency, density and percentage cover were...
Muhammad Adeel Farooq1, Shaukat Ali1*, Ali Hassan1, Rida Sulayman1, Muhammad Ahsan Kaleem2, Hafsa Shahzad1, Muhammad Summer1, Arooj Latif1, Tahreem Tanveer1
..., such as soybean meal, wheat bran, apple peels, rice husk, and cucumber peels. The mutant strains of Bacillus subtilis (BSAA-5 to BSAA-40) and Bacillus licheniformis (BLAA-5 to BLAA-40) were prepared by exposure to UV radiation for 5 to 40 min to synthesize α-amylase via submerged fermentation. Then the crude α-amylase synthesized by these mutant strains was optimized and partially characterized. In contrast to wild and all other mutant strain BSA...
Akbar Hayat1*, Muhammad Asim1*, Tehseen Ashraf2, Ehsan-Ul-Haque1, Rabia Zulifqar2, Maryam Nasir3, Ahmed Raza1, Fahim Khadija1, Sohaib Afzal1 and Shafqat Ali1
...nd + soil (2:1:1), T4 = Wheat straw + sand + soil (2:1:1), T5 = Rice husk + sand + soil (1:1:2), T6 = Bagass + sand + soil (1:1:2) and T7 = Wheat straw + sand + soil (1:1:2) respectively. The observation was recorded for plant height, stem thickness, number of branches, number of leaves, fresh plant weight, dry plant weight, fresh root weight, dry root weight, root length, root diameter, leaf area and chlorophyll contents. T...
Tariq Ahmad1*, Anum Razzaq2*, Li Bo1, Faiz ur Rehman3, Gul Saba2, Omama Saqib1, Saif Ullah2 and Muhammad Suliman1
...ltivated fruits, stored wheat grains and attacks on their domestic poultry. The results demonstrated that the ability of civets to change their diet in response to availability of food resources, as it found the consumption of Vitis vinifera in bulk in the month of July and August whereas Diospyros lotus and Diospyros kaki were the most preferred diet in the month of September and October. We were informed that Civet cats were predominantly killed (N=60) in vi...
Rashid Saraz1, Saiqa Amur1, Zia-ul-Hassan1*, Naheed Akhter Talpur1, Inayatullah Rajpar1, Muhammad Sohail Memon2, Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro3, Khalid Hussain Talpur1 and Nizamuddin Depar4
...nd crop scenarios, viz. wheat, sugarcane, mango, brassica. Soil texture (Bouyoucos Hydrometer method), electrical conductivity and pH (1:2 soil-water extract), organic matter (Walkley-Black method), and ABDTPA (Ammonium bicarbonate diethylene triamine penta acetic acid) extractable phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) were determined using standard protocols, with no further alterations. Soil variability mapping was done using ArcGIS ver. 10.7. through IDW interpo...
Sagir Hussain1, Erum Iqbal2*, Nasira Kazi2, Sher Wali Khan1, Qamar Abbas1 and Abdul Razaq1
...annuli, closely fitting sheath with 231-247 body annuli, stylet 95-100 µm long, non-raised and non-separated labial disc and gradually tapering long tail. Psilenchus vincigurrae Brzeski, 1991and Ditylenchus equilis Heyns, 1964 have been reported as new record species from Pakistan. These species are described and briefly re-described along with their morphometric data, photomicrographs and illustrations....
Tehreem Fatima1, Jabbar Khan1,*, Hamid Shafiq2, Dost Muhammad3, Muhammad Rafi1 and Shoaib ur Rehman1
...ellular proteins, called heat shock proteins (HSPs). Among various known stressors, heat is a major factor that induces the production of HSP70. Keeping in view the very hot conditions of Dera Ismail Khan (D.I. Khan) division where the temperature remains at 45-50°C during the months of June to September, it was hypothesized that heat stress conditions do induce the overexpression of H...
Satya Fahriani1, Hadri Latif2*, Herwin Pisestyani2, Zhang Shuqi3, Suyanto Chen3
...ies requires that EBN be heated minimum 100 °C, with a minimum F0 value of 2.8, commercial sterilization with retort method. Indonesia’s government does not have data on the effect of retorts on the safety and quality of EBN. This study aimed to examine the nitrite level and rehydration capacity of EBN after undergoing a retort process. The samples were 24 raw uncleaned white EBN from 4 swiftlet farmhouses (SFHs) collected using purposive sampling. T...
Reza Esmaealzade Dizaji1, Arasb Dabbagh Moghaddam1*, Arash Ghalyanchi Langeroudi2, Mohamad Foad Heydari3, Seyyed Javad Hosseini Shokouh4 and Ana Shirzad Shahrivar5
...fects on a second-degree heat wound and the healing process’ sub-streaming molecular route for re-epithelialization. Model (deep second-degree thermal wound), PRP, and PRP/BNF groups were each randomly assigned a set of animals. Wounds were monitored daily for many days following therapy to see how they were healing. H&E staining and qRT-PCR were used to examine the pathological alterations in wound tissues and to determine mRNA expression of inflamm...
Muhammad Hussain1, Yasir Ali2*, Baber Iqbal1, Muhammad Azhar Iqbal1, Salman Ahmad3, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed4, Hafiz Muhammad Aatif2, Muhammad Saeed1 and Muhammad Jawad Yousaf1
...destructive diseases of wheat all over the world. Although host genotype resistance and fungicides are used to combat crop diseases, evaluation of wheat germplasm is still needed to reduce disease management costs and to increase crop sustainability. For this purpose, screening of 42 different wheat varieties and advanced lines was conducted at the Research area of Plant Pathology Research...
Mehran Ali* and Inamullah
...ngi and P management on wheat productivity, two years of field experiments were carried out at Agronomy Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar during Rabi season 2018-19 and 2019-20. Randomized complete block design was used to test the efficacy of different P sources {1. Single super phosphate (SSP), 2. Rock phosphate (RP), 3. Poultry manure (PM), 4. 50% SSP + 50% PM and 5. 50% RP + 50% PM} applied at the rate of 60 and 90 kg P ha-1. These trea...
Yasir Ali1, Muhammad Shahbaz2, Hafiz Muhammad Aatif1-2, Salman Ahmad3*, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed4, Saqib Saeed2, Mohsin Iqbal1, Mozam Ejaz1 and Saima Naseer5
...agement of leaf rust of wheat in Research Area of Plant Pathology, Hafiz Abad Research Station, B.Z.U. Bahadar Sub-Campus, Layyah, during crop seasons 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Statistically significant (P<0.05) disease control was observed by Propiconazole (29.30 %) in the first crop season 2018-2019 and 28.50% in the second crop season 2019-2020, followed by Polyram DF (27.60% and 26.30%), ...
Mohammed A. El-Sayed1*, Mahmoud H Hatab2, Heba AEM Assi3, Nashaat S Ibrahim2, Hisham M Saleh2, Waheed AA Sayed2, Birgit A Rumpold4
...l on growth performance, heat stress-responses (HS) and heat shock protein (HSP70) gene transcription in gendered Japanese quail was assessed. The quails were fed on three different diets containing 100% soybean meal (diet A), 50% soybean and 50% H. illucens meal (diet B) and 100% H. illucens meal (diet C). The results revealed that diet B and C significantly increased overall live body weight (LBW), relative carca...
Javed Hussain Umrani1, Roseena2, Ashfaq Ahmed3, Saba Iqbal2, Amtul Sami4, Mumtaz Ali Salito5 and Gulnaz Parveen2*
...early seedling stage of wheat against various salinity levels were carried out under controlled conditions. Five wheat varieties (TD1, TJ-83, Moomal, Sarsabz, Kiran-95) were obtained from different Agricultural Research Institutes of Sindh. The research was conducted in the Department of Crop Physiology, Faculty of Crop Production, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Sindh, Pakistan. In this research, seed germination an...
Nadeem Akmal1, Abid Hussain1*, Muhammad Yousaf2, Waqar Akhtar1 and Hassnain Shah1
...ing methods in the rice-wheat cropping zone of the Punjab province has been made by applying economic analysis technique. As, Basmati-Super and Basmati- 386 are main rice varieties grown in the country. Thus, this study is based on data of 46 purposively selected farmers for the crop season 2021, including 30 and 16 farmers of Basmati-386 and Basmati-Super, respectively. Cost comparison of the crop produced through mechanical and conventional manual transplant...
Jyotsana Shakkarpude1*, Aditya Mishra2, Deepika D. Caesar2, R.K. Sharma3, Anand Kumar Jain2, Sanju Mandal2, Rajesh Kumar Vandre4, Danveer S. Yadav5, Bhavna Ahirwar6 and C.P. Solanki6
...ign: justify;">Excessive heat and humidity causes reduction in appetite of postpartum buffaloes which directly leads negative energy balance (NEBAL) and increases oxidative stress in animals. Betaine is a growth promoting nutritional additive used in livestock. Betaine contains three methyl groups and thus acts as a methyl donor for metabolic reactions. Betaine acts as molecular chaperone, as it repairs heat shock proteins. ...
Rini Widyastuti1*, Rangga Setiawan1, Nurcholidah Solihati1, Siti Darodjah1, Kundrat Hidajat1, Mochamad Ali Mauludin2, Alkaustariyah Lubis3, Mas Rizky Anggun Adipurna Syamsunarno4, Sigit Prastowo5, Takdir Saili6, Arief Boediono7
...eracy about the signs of heat, length of pregnancy, signs of delivery, and weaning of lamb. The results showed that less than 50% of farmers lacked awareness about the length of heat and the signs of early pregnancy. The majority of the participants immediately carried out mating of the estrus dairy goat and more than 75% treated the pregnant animal and prepared a proper place for delivery. A small proportion of <25% mana...
Al-Moataz Bellah Mahfouz Shaarawy1, Wael Mohamed Wafa1*, Ashraf Ali Mehany1, Reda Abdel Samee Ahmed Rezk2, Shereen Kamal Genena1, Mohamed Hamada El-Sawy1
...crossbred cows were more heat-tolerated than Friesian cows when they were housed loose in semi-open sheds during summer season in Nile Delta. ...
Siddique Ahmad1*, Basit Ullah1, Sajid Ali2, Ali Zaid1, Zeeshan Ahmad3, Muhammad Usaid1, Muhammad Zeeshan1 and Saif Ullah3
...e technology to improve wheat productivity. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of organic sources (OS) and inorganic N fertilizer (Urea) along with the application of bio-aab (beneficial microbes) on the wheat crop at the Agronomy Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar Pakistan, during 2020-2021. Two separate experiments were conducted (with and without bio-aab) in Randomized Complete Bloc...
Salma Sharif1, Rana Arsalan Javaid2*, Abid Majeed2, Muhammad Shahzad Ahmed2, Qurat ul Ain Sani2, Faiza Siddique2, Muhammad Arshad3 and Niaz Ali1
...portant food crop after wheat. It is produced in several states all around the world, while primarily being grown in river deltas of Asia and the Southeast Asia. Therefore, it is of major significance to food security in a growing amount of less privileged countries. A study was carried out to assess indigenous rice germplasm using qualitative and quantitative features, as well as to select attractive genotypes for use in breeding programs in the future. A set...
Naeem Tariq Narejo1*, Muhammad Hanif Chandio2, Faheem Saddar3, Majida Parveen Narejo4, Bushra Ainy Dars5, Hafeez ur Rehman Narejo6, Athar Mustafa Laghari2, Shafiq ur Rehman Shaikh3, Shahnaz Rashid7 and Ghulam Abbas7
... available ingredients (wheat and rice bran, powder of mustard oil cakes, whole wheat flour etc.) to have varying levels of crude protein, specifically 35%, 40%, and 45%. The aeration provided to the aquaria was continuous for 24 hours, and feeding occurred twice daily. The findings of this study indicate that T-II demonstrated the highest performance in terms of growth metrics, followed by T-III. Conversely, a significant d...
Ikramullah and Inayatullah Jan*
... for major crops, viz., wheat (16.7 kanal), maize (14.5 kanal), and rice (1.71 kanal). The results of the paired t-test revealed a significant increase in the mean differences of wheat, maize, and rice, after the implementation of OFWM practices as shown by p<0.05 for these crops. Based on the findings, it is concluded that the OFWM component of the FWRDP has a greater role in expansion of irrigated land in the study area...
Ahmad Khan1, Muhammad Amjad Ali1, Muhammad Tahir1, Samreen Nazeer2*, Muhammad Zubair Akram3*, Muhammad Arslan Azmat1 and Sabina Asghar4
...e of fourteen different wheat plant varieties to root knot nematode and their impact on plant growth parameters. Impact of morphological plant characters on galling population and egg mass index was assessed. Results revealed that Ujala-16 yielded best crop stands with plant height (92.79 cm), root weight (0.94 g), tillering capacity (12.4), grain count per spike (49.7), grain weight (42.0 g), and grain yield per pot (9.3g). Ujala-16 and Faisalabad-86 had mini...
Javed Iqbal*, Mamoona Hanif, Nadia Hussain Ahmad, Amna Bibi, Zaib-un-Nisa and Sadia Kanwal
...of upland cotton’s heat tolerance. On the basis of CMT%, canopy temperature, seed cotton production, node number of first fruiting branch, days to first effective boll, heat index (HI), and heat tolerance index (HTI), fifty upland cotton genotypes were screened against high temperatures. Based on the traits utilized for screening, there were fifty genotypes with significant variation...
Afsheen Khattak1, Shahida Naveed1*, Naila Khalid1, Inayat Ullah Khan2 and Tamana Bakht3
...erent concentrations on wheat and maize seeds at the Botany Laboratory Government Girls Degree College KDA Karak. Eight different concentrations of V. encelioides leaves were applied on maize and wheat seeds to check the inhibitory and stimulatory effect, respectively. Whole plant of V. encelioides was collected, dried, powdered, and aqueous extracts were prepared at room temperature. Randomized Complete Design (RCD) with fo...
Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Noor-us-Sabah1*, Muhammad Waryam Warraich1, Ghulam Sarwar1, Muhammad Aftab2, Fakhar Mujeeb3, Muhammad Zeeshan Maznoor1, Aneela Riaz4 and Sarfraz Hussain2
...rs in this regard using wheat as a test crop under aridisols. Different carbon sequestering fertilizers (CSFs) i.e., press mud, compost and fly ash were applied @ 0% (control), 0.5 and 1% of soil weight along with recommended doses of two K chemical fertilizers (SOP and MOP). After the crop was harvested, soil sampling was carried out followed by analysis in the laboratory. All collected data was statistically analyzed for interpretations. It was depicted from...
Hassan Anwar1, Talha Anwar2, Khurram Muaz3, Muhammad Riaz4* and Rabia Anwar5
...="text-align: justify;">Wheat is a widely used cereal around the globe. Over 759 million metric tons of wheat consumption was reported in the year 2020-21. Although, barley and oat are also nutrient rich but are less appealing to consumers due to their texture, taste, and chewability. This study aimed to prepare chapatis from wheat, barley, and oat flour mixed in different proportions to a...
Muhammad Luqman1*, Muhammad Talha Shoaib1, Muhammad Yaseen1, Umair Safdar2 and Hassan Raza2
...pondents experienced ill heath symptoms after pesticide application. The study recommends public and private extension organizations should encourage adoption of biological control measures among farming community and regular training workshops should be organized regarding safe handling and application of pesticides....
Sidra Hafeez1, Tayyaba Sanaullah2, Hafsa Naeem3, Mah Noor Hassan4, Muttalib5, Farhana Kausar6, Muhammad Salman Hameed7*, Muhammad Anayat Ullah8, Abdul Samad9, Memoona Bashir10 and Sadaf Shabbir11
...epo: Cucurbitaceae) is a heat-labile plant, having nutritional value containing large number of active compounds like carotenoids, alkaloids and flavonoids and necessary for food security against disease causing agents like bacteria, fungi etc. Black rot is a serious disease in pumpkin caused by fungus (Didymella bryoniae) and damaged fruit with the symptoms of dark brown lesions but causal organism identification through DNA is still unknown. We collected inf...
Shamsher Ali* and Naheed Baloch
...rma granarium infesting wheat grains. Observations were made on mortality, weight loss, and insect damaged grain. The results show the maximum mortality 62.0% of R. dominica and 34.3% of T. granarium at a 6ml/L concentrations of C. colocynthis. While lower mortality 1.8% and 5.2% were recorded at 3ml/L concentrations of C.gigantea. Whereas, weight loss and insect damage to grain were observed higher 28.3% 27.6% when wheat gr...
Abida Mushtaque1, Ali Ahmad Sheikh1, Aamir Ghafoor1*, Wasim Shehzad2 and Nadeem Ahmad3
...3) competent cells using heat shock transformation method to get expression. The product size was confirmed by restriction digestion. The rOmpH protein was purified by immobilized metal affinity chromatography by using His-Ni resins to get desired protein and characterized qualitatively by SDS-PAGE by using His antibodies and western blotting. Once purified the immunogenicity of rOmpH was evaluated in BALB/c mice. The expression of recombinant OmpH protein (rO...
Ho Thi Dung, Nguyen Van Chao, Nguyen Thi Hoa, Le Dinh Phung, Tran Thi Na, Nguyen Thi Thuy, Tran Nguyen Thao, Pham Hoang Son Hung*
...r productivity caused by heat stress, the fundamental mechanisms associated with heat stress responses and intestinal barrier function, especially in the large intestine, remain inadequately defined. This study aimed to determine histomorphology change and tight junction genes expression in the cecum of chicken exposing to heat stress. Fifty broiler chickens at 14 days old were randomly al...
Elamien***, Mohammed; Kotob**, Nahla S.; Elsayed*, Eltayeb A.; Ragab, Yasser M. and Mourad, Fathia E.
... is a label containing a heat sensitive material which is placed on a vaccine vial to register cumulative heat exposure over time. Despite Of several polio vaccine coverage campaigns in the last two years, four of five children poliomyelitis cases reported in March 2009 in northern Sudan States, came from the Red Sea State. The aim of this study is to investigate the quality Of OPV used for children immunization clinics in R...
* Amal Abou El-Ela, A.
...dormant rose cuttings by heat therapy resulted in 29.6% virus elemination of (PNRSV).
Manal A. El-Shazly1, A. s. 2 Abdel Wahab and Salwa N. Zein3
... but the two viruses are heat-inactivated at 55 oc. Purified TSWV and IYSV each migrated as a single zone in density gradient column. Ultraviolet absorbance of both TSWV and IYSV were typical of nucleoprotein with minimum and maximum at 247 and 260 nm for TSWV and IYSV, respectively. The ratios of A260Q80 and A were 1.2 and 1.11 for TSWV and 1.2, 1.3 for IYSV. Electron microscopy of purified TSWV and IYSV showed the presence of spherical panicles with 85 nm an...
Mayada A. Abd Elgalell; B.A Othman2; Th. Radwan, 1 and Amal S.M. Abo-Sinna3
...e tail possing an outer sheath (135 nm) and neck (27 nm). Protein patterns of the isolated Ps. putida phages were analysed by SDS-PAGE and the data revealed that phage PPI had 16 structural proteins, 6 are known and the other are extrapolated, but phage PP2 had 13 structural proteins 5 are known and the others are extrapolated. Both viruses have one molecule of the nucleic acid DNA with molecular weight of 2223 bp and 2559 bp for PPI and PP2 respectively....
Nguyen Binh Truong1,2*, Ho Xuan Nghiep1,2, Tran Trung Tuan1,2
..., Cassava chip (Ca) and Wheat (Wh). The proportion of combination (% dry matter intake) in two energy feed sources was 15% and 15% such as MaCa, MaWh, BrCa and BrWh. The results show that dry matter intake per body weight of BrWh (3.42%) and BrCa (3.40%) treatments tended to high compared to the MaCa (3.29%) and MaWh (3.08%) treatments. The organic matter digestibility (%) of BrCa was not different (P>0.05) with MaWh and BrWh but it was higher (P<0.05) t...
Sukhpreet Kaur Sidhu1*, Gurkirat Singh Sekhon1, Sachin Kumar1, Tejdeep Kaur Kler1 and Anureet Kaur Chandi2
... at ponds surrounded by wheat and rice crop fields. Three ponds were selected and surveyed during April 2020 to March 2021 in village Mukrabpur, district Rupnagar (pond I), village Gopalpur, district Ludhiana (pond II) and in Punjab Agricultural University (PAU) campus (pond III), district Ludhiana. Out of 67 bird species recorded 44, 47 and 46 were observed at pond I, pond II and pond III respectively. Seventeen species of purely insectivorous and 19 species ...
Skeikh Mustafizur Rahman1*, Mst. Shirin Sharmin Khan1, Yousef Ahmed Alkhamis2,3, Roshmon Thomas Mathew2, Md. Moshiur Rahman1, Mohammed Monirul Islam4, Md. Asadujjaman5 and Md. Golam Sarower1
...sh is a valued source of heath-benefiting protein and other indispensable nutrients. This study aimed to investigate the proximate components (e.g. protein, lipid, moisture and ash) of eleven non-commercial marine fish species namely Johnius argentatus, Harpodon nehereus, Cynoglossus lingua, Johnius elongatus, Sillaginopsis panijus, Pomadasys hasta, Setipinna phasa, Megalaspis cordyla, Rita rita, Gonialosa manmina and Scatophagus argus obtained from the Bay of...
Elena Balarezo1*, Jose Luis Flores1 and Brendan Cullen2
... or “DR” and heat-tolerant, or “HR”), as well as livestock (with higher feed conversion efficiency, or “FCE”). The growth patterns of pastures will be impacted by climate change as the spring growing season will be shorter. Climate change will also result in less milk production and less feed consumption. The combined adapted perennial ryegrass DR+HT is the most effective adaptation alternative to counteract the effects of c...
Faramin Javandel Soum Sarai1, Mir Daryoush Shakouri2* and Alireza Seidavi3*
...meters of broilers under heat stress (34 ˚C for 8 h). A total of 160 28-d-old Ross 308 broiler chickens were divided into 4 treatment groups with 4 replicates and 10 birds per each by employing a completely randomized design. Broilers were fed on corn-soybean meal basal diets with no additive (control) or added chromium picolinate (400 mg/kg), chromium picolinate (400 mg/kg)+ vitamin C (240 mg/kg) or chromium picolinate (400 mg/kg) +formic acid...
Limbang Kustiawan Nuswantara, Eko Pangestu, Marry Christiyanto, Santoso Dwi Pratomo, Elyza Zahrotul Muhtaromah
...nut cake, soybean meal, wheat bran, molasses, gamal leaf flour, calliandra leaf flour. and indigofera leaf flour and then made in pellets. The experimental design used was a randomized block design (RBD) based on grouping body weights consisting of 4 groups and 4 treatments. The treatment applied was a balance of feed in the form of forage elephant grass with different levels concentrat of 25, 50 and 75%, and control treatment in the form of rations that are u...
Muhammad Yasin1, Azhar Abbas Khan2*, Sana Rubab2 and Sumaira Maqsood3
... exposed to the treated wheat for 5, 10 and 15 days at 27±2 ºC and 65±5% r.h. in an incubator. The mortality of Tribolium castaneum adults was 100% even after 10 days of exposure at the dosages in combination of highest dose of B. bassiana and DE. While, after last exposure 100% mortality was achieved at highest dose rate of B. bassiana and both doses of DEs. Contrarily, 100% mortality of Trogoderma granarium was recorded after 15 days of ex...
Muhammad Tahir Latif1*, Muzzammil Hussain1, Ali Zohaib2 and Ishtiaq Hassan3
...lign: justify;">In rice-wheat cropping system the emerging Super Seeder (SS) is a tractor operated single pass solution to incorporate the standing and loose paddy residues into soil without burning, prepares land and concurrently sows wheat seed. This study was conducted during 2022 to assess the pros and cons of SS for wheat sowing as well as to compare the economics of w
Muhammad Usman1*, Muhammad Uzair Khalid2, Muhammad Hasnain3*, Muhammad Tauseef4, Ali Raza4, Muhammad Akram4, Muhammad Shahid4, Abrar Ahmad4, Muhammad Shoaib Ismail1, Rabia Afzal2, Atta-Ulla2 and Muhammad Hussnain Babar3
...="text-align: justify;">Wheat is a major diet component for humans in daily life. In addition to being a major source of starch and energy, wheat also provides substantial amounts of a number of components which are essential or beneficial for health. However, its production is being reduced day by day due to many issues but one of them is late sowing. Subsequently, it reduces grain filling and also production. This emerging...
Eman Said El-Hadad*, Hesham Ahmed Madian, Mahmoud A.E. Hassan, Mohamed Fahmy Saad, Abdelghany M. El-Shhat, Entesar Zakaria Eliraqy
...nt status, mitigation of heat stress, and improving performance in birds. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary L-arginine on hematology, protein and lipid profiles, renal, hepatic, and intestinal functions, antioxidant status, and immunity of heat stressed Egyptian geese. A total of 30 sexually mature ganders (local Egyptian male geese strain) with 10 months of age and 3.20±0.25 kg body weight was divide...
Muhammad Qazzafi Khan1, Iqtidar Hussain1, Ejaz Ahmad Khan1, Sara Zafar2*, Zuhair Hasnain3* and Moneeza Abbas4
...ng 2017-18 on seventeen wheat Varieties/advance lines (C-2014, PR 112, A-2014, DN-84, PR 105, Atta Habib, KT 2000, Shahkar-2013, Pak-2013, Dharabi 011, PS 2005, Tatara, Lalma-2013, Zam-04, Chakwal-50, Hashim-08, Yarik) to compare their yield performance by delay sowing in season under rainfed condition. Sowing of wheat in rainfed area of Dera Ismail khan often depends on winter rainfall which may delays its planting in the s...
Hashim Hadi Al-Jebory1*, Mohammed Khalil Ibrahim Al-Saeedi2, Majeed Ajafar1, Nihad Abdul-Lateef Ali1
...; chicks were exposed to heat stress (30-35-30 °C) during the breeding period. Our results showed a significant increase (p ≤ 0.01) for the G5 group in live body weight (LBW) and cumulative weight gain (W.G.). The study compared the feed intake (F.I.) and relative growth rate (RGR) of this group with those of other groups. It found a significant improvement in feed intake (F.I.) for all melatonin additions. When comparing total mortality to the G1 group...
ZAFAR IQBAL KHAN1*, KAFEEL AHMAD1, KHALID NAWAZ2, MUHAMMAD NADEEM3, ASMA ASHFAQ1,
BABAR MUNIR1, HAFSA MEMOONA3, MADIHA SANA3, FARZANA SHAHEEN1, NAUNAIN MEHMOOD4, HIRA MUQADAS4, MAHPARA SHEZADI5, IJAZ RASOOL NOORKA6, HUMAYUN BASHIR1,
MUDASRA MUNIR1, ILKER UGULU7 & YUNUS DOGAN7
...as Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn in wheat variety (Chagi-4) irrigated with varying quantity of sugar industry effluent. The water, soil and wheat grain samples were analyzed for heavy metals by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Concentrations of Mn (0.29-0.61), Ni (0.79-1.02), and Pb (0.01-0.42) mg/L in water samples were higher than the permissible limit of Mn (0.2), Ni (0.20), and Pb (0.1) mg/L given by FAO, while value (mg/L) of Z...
KAFEEL AHMAD1, ROBINA KOKAB1, ZAFAR IQBAL KHAN1, ASMA ASHFAQ1, HUMAYUN BASHIR1, MUDASRA MUNIR1, MUHAMMAD SHER2, KINZA WAJID1, HASFSA MEMONA3, MADIHA SANA3, IJAZ RASOOL NOORKA4, MAHPARA SHEHZADI5, MUHAMMAD NADEEM6, TAHIR MAHMOOD QURESHI6, NAUNAIN MEHMOOD7, ABID IJAZ1, BUSHRA HUMA1, IFRA SALEEM MALIK1, KHALID NAWAZ8 ILKER UGULU9 &YUNUS DOGAN9
...Fe) in soil, water, and wheat grains using different treatments of wastewater and ground water were determined in present pot experiment conducted in Sargodha, Pakistan. The current study also focused on the evaluation of bioconcentration factor and pollution load index of the contaminated soil. Most of the metals observed in wastewater were present above the permissible limit set by WWF. Cd concentration increased considerably under wastewater irrigation in s...
Muhammad Sultan1,4, Muhammad H. Mahmood2,4, Takahiko Miyazaki3,4, Shigeru Koyama3,4, Zahid M. Khan1
... precisely in adsorption heat pump systems. Therefore, present study provides an experimental comparison of close and open cycle based water vapor adsorption kinetics for the development of desiccant air-conditioning system. In this regard, a polymer based hydrophilic sorbent was used for close and open cycle adsorption measurements. Gravimetric method based magnetic suspension adsorption measurement unit was used for close-cycle adsorption kinetics measuremen...
Gokarna Gautam1*, Sajan Rokaya1, Bhuminand Devkota1, Saroj Sapkota2
...ted by photoperiodicity, heat stress and availability of feed supply. The objectives of this study were to understand the seasonality pattern of breeding and calving in buffaloes in subtropical regions of southern Nepal and to characterize the ovarian cyclicity status during the months of long day length. Data regarding seasonality pattern of breeding and calving of Murrah cross bred buffaloes (n=400) from two locations of subtropical region were collected. In...
Muhammad Yusuf1*, Abd Latief Toleng1, Sahiruddin1, Masturi1, Hasrin1, Musdalifa Mansur2, Hendrikus Fatem3, Johan Koibur4
Shahabaz Ul Haq1, Khurram Ashfaq1, Arsalan Khan2*, Adeel Khalid1, Shahrood Ahmed Siddiqui3,4, Raheela Taj5, Asad Ullah6, Hidayatullah Soomro7 and Muhammad Wasim Usmani8*
...nts, notably the use of wheat straw as roughage and Barseem alone as fodder. Chronic mastitis was identified as a significant complication in goats with udder edema. The study concluded that breed, age and specific dietary practices are key factors in the development of udder edema in goats. The findings underscore the need for tailored management strategies, particularly in terms of nutrition and monitoring of high-risk groups. ...
Waseem Abbas, Imtiaz Ahmed* and Imran Khan
... Nutritional quality of wheat bread can be enhanced by incorporating certain nutrient-rich ingredients in its formulation. The main objective of the present study was to investigate the feasibility of incorporating chamomile and wild thyme powder in wheat bread to further improve its nutritional profile. For this purpose, three composite test breads (CWB) were prepared by incorporating chamomile and wild thyme at an equal pr...
Muhammad Adnan1*, Muhammad Nauman Khan2,3, Barkat Ullah2, Faisal Zaman2, Alevcan Kaplan4, Hubert O. Dossou-Yovo5, Sajid Ali Khan Bangash6, Sana Wahab7, Mehreen Ghazal8 and Muhammad Hassan Sarfraz9
...="text-align: justify;">Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the first domesticated crop plants and is the most widely grown crop in the world, both in terms of cultivated area and yield, and wheat is known to be consumed by about two-thirds of the world’s population. The study was carried out to investigate the elemental and proximate composition of wheat against boron induced str...
Noura K. Al-Suwailem1, Nancy N. Kamel2, Ahmed O. Abbas1,3*, Farid S. Nassar1,3 , Dalia A.A. Elsayed4, Gouda F. Gouda1,5, Hosam M. Safaa6
...he general metabolism of heat-stressed birds and impairs carcass yield and meat quality. We investigated the impact of Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MLM) supplementation in heat-stressed (HS) broilers on their blood metabolites, antioxidant bio-indicators, carcass yield, and meat quality. We used three hundred one-day-old Cobb chickens and were randomly divided into three groups, each with five replicates of 20 birds. The ther...
Muhammad Ayyub, Mitha Khan*, Syed Abdul Malik, Sakhawat Ali, Syed Shamsullah, Mujeeb ur Rehman, Ikhlaq Ahmed, Ameer Uddin, Habibullah Kakar, Mohammad Zahid, Khalil Ahmed, Mana Khan, Mukhtiar Ahmed, Muhammad Rafiq Khetran, Zia ul Haq and Muhammad Azam
M.J.Al-Saadi*, Jassim E.Q.Al-Musawi
...kept without exposure to heat stress or mint treatment, while groups 2-4 kept under heat stress. Group 2 kept under heat stress but without mint treatment, while the groups 3 and 4 exposed to heat stress accompanied with treatments of 3% and 5% peppermint leaves powder respectively in the diet. The experiment lasted for 35 days. Results revealed that the...
Akbar Khan Khajjak1,4*, Adnan Nazir2, Tehmina Mangan1 and Ali Raza1
... its fertile land under wheat crop, and it is one of the main dietary foods of the indigenous population in comparison to other grains, fish, chicken, and meat. A total of 300 farmers were interviewed, therefore 150 farmers from each district Naushehro Feroze and Benazirabad were recorded. In this study, the Cobb-Douglas stochastic production frontier approach was employed for examining the technical efficiency and inefficiency factors in w
Shahid Iqbal Khattak1, Mohammad Safdar Baloch*1, Khalid Naveed2, Muhammad Amjad
Nadim1, Asghar Ali Khan1 and Kaleem Ullah3
...eriment to find out the wheat growth as affected by foliar application of
potassium Sulphate (K2SO4) on different growth stages under rainfed conditions was
conducted at the Agricultural Research Institute, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan. Potassium
doses viz. 0, 12, 18, 24, 30 and 60 kg ha-1 were applied in foliar form at tillering, booting
and heading stages of w...
Muhammad Usman1, Ghulam Murtaza2, Allah Ditta3, Tamana Bakht3 Muhammad Asif4,
Muhammad Nadir1and Sehar Nawaz5
...c for cereal crops like wheat which is the staple food
crop of over 2.5 billion population of the world. One the control strategies is to investigate
the distribution pattern of weeds under field conditions. In this regard, a survey study was
conducted to investigate the distribution pattern of weed species in wheat crop during 2016-
18 in district Khanewal, Punjab Pakistan. Th...
Tabassum yaseen1*, Muzamil shah1, Khushnood Ur Rehman2 Ali Mujtaba Shah3, Gul
Nawaz1,Rani Gul4
Sanaullah1*
...ablished that maize and wheat are the main crops impacted by Kharif and Rabi weeds respectively, where mechanical weeding was the most applied control method adopted by 51.8% respondents, followed by chemical (42.2%) and manual weeding (6%) in the study area. Study observed a significant decrease in crops yield due to various weeds found in farmers’ fields. Effective extension services are needed to encourage farmers integrate cultural practices with che...
Barkatullah1, Sumayya Noreen1.Khushnood Ur Rehman1, Zahid Ali Butt2, Tabassum
Yaseen3, Kamran Akbar3, and Salma Noreen3
...ree selected crops i.e. wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), maize (Zea mays L.),
and chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.). The collection of Indian plum was made from Ahmad
Abad District Karak and was dried at room temperature under the shade. The aqueous
extract was used from different parts of the plants, which include bark, fruit, leaves,
mulching, and rainwater. In all applications the growth of plumules and radicles of ...
Imtiaz Khan,1 Muhammad Kabir, Muhammad Ishfaq Khan, Haroon Khan, Saima
Hashim and Muhammad Azim Khan
... rabi season 2016-17. A wheat variety Ata-Habib was
selected to check its performance by adopting methods of sowing and mixed tank herbicides
application. The experiment was arranged in split-plot with randomized complete block
(RCB) design with 4 replications. For practical adaptation of the experiment, the sowing
methods were allotted as the main plots, while tank mixed herbicides were kept in the subplots
Gulshan Riaz1, Zaheer-ud-din Khan1, Muhammad Umer Farooq Awan1, Andleeb Anwar Sardar1, Muhammad Tayyab1, Sarah Maryam Malik and Sohaib Muhammad1
...f chickpea, mustard and wheat of Tehsil Isa Khel, District Mianwali, Punjab. Forty one (41) weed species were collected from the study area belonging to twenty one (21) different families. Twenty four weed species found in chickpea, twenty five in mustard and twenty nine in wheat crop fields. Sixteen weed species were common in three crops. Family Poaceae and Astraceae had maximum weed species i.e. 7 and 6 species respective...
Iqtidar Hussain1, Ejaz Ahmed Khan1, Jawad Nazir and Ehtesham-ul-Haq1
... azedarachL.) leaves on wheat.Leaveslitter was used to examine the allelopathic effects of M.azedarach at five concentrations (100, 200, 300, 400 g, control). The studied parameters were germination percentage (%), Speed of germination, plant height (cm), root length (cm), Shoot length (cm), coleoptile length (cm), fresh weight (g), dry weight (g), tiller (plant-1) and chlorophyll content (μg cm-2) of Triticum aestivum.All concentration of Leaves litterof M...
Muhammad Nasir Mazhar1, Muhammad Arif*, Naeem Akhtar1 and Muhammad Shafiq1 and Muhammad Yousaf1
...hed weed suppression in wheat at Reclamation Research Station, 7/3-L Ahmad Pur Sial District Jhang during winter 2019-20. Experimental treatment was comprised of two wheat cultivars i.e. Ujala 2016 and Faisalabad 2008 and seven weeds control approaches i.e. hand weeding, organic mulching, eucalyptus extract, neem extract, clodinafop, bromoxynil + MCPA and clodinafop + bromoxynil + MCPA including control. Results of the exper...
Reshma Sahito1, Nasreen Memon1, Aiman Amur1, Seema Memon1
Shabana Mangi2
...matoes, peas and crops, wheat, rice, sugarcane and weed seeds. The species is redescribed based on morphological characters, especially color, shape of head, pronotum, scutellum, antennal segments, and internal male genitalia and female genitalia. The summer was the peak season for abundance of Carpocoris Pudicus whereas winter was the poor season....
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Proximate Composition and Minerals Content of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Under Boric Acid Stress via Energy-Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) Fluorescence Based Analysis
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Pakistan Journal of Weed Science Research, Vol.30, Iss. 1, Pages 07-17
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Iqtidar Hussain, Muhammad Inam Ullah Qaisrani, Abdul Aziz Khakwani, Zuhair Hasnian, Umar Khitab Saddozai, Muhammad Naeem, Hadia Gul and Moneeza Abbass
Pakistan Journal of Weed Science Research, Vol.30, Iss. 1, Pages 01-06
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