Souvik Ghosh, Nobumichi Kobayashi
British Journal of Virology
...genetic diversity of the antigenically important RVA VP7- and VP4- protein encoding genes are important for vaccine development or judging the efficacy of existing RVA vaccines, they do not always provide conclusive information on the overall and complex genetic makeup of RVAs, as the remaining 9 RVA gene segments are also susceptible to the forces governing RVA genetic diversity. Whole genomic analysis of RVAs has revolutionized the study of RVA genomics, pro...
El-Sayed M. Abdelwhab, Jutta Veits and Thomas C. Mettenleiter
Avian Influenza H5N1 in Egypt: What we Know and What we have to Know?
...ic epitopes resulting in antigenic drift and the establishment of infections in vaccinated poultry. The Egyptian H5N1 viruses remain susceptible to oseltamivir, but genetic markers indicating resistance to amantadine have increased dramatically. In this mini-review, we discuss recent findings on the H5N1 viruses endemic in poultry and humans in Egypt, and suggest possible options to control the infection....
Hanqin Shen1,3, Boliang Wu1,2, Guangwei Li1, Feng Chen1, Qingbin Luo1,3, Yimin Chen1, Qingmei Xie1,2,3*
...by genetic evolution and antigen variation. Moreover, the ratio of L226 in the haemagglutin (HA) receptor binding site has increased, which indicates that the H9N2 virus has the increasing potential to infection and cause human epidemics. The threat to the poultry industry and public health should not be ignored. In this review, we summarised the findings of recent studies on H9N2 AIVs epidemics and strategies for their prevention in poultry in China....
Qin Zhao1,2, Yani Sun1,2, Gaiping Zhang1,3, Frederik Widen4, En-Min Zhou1,2,*
...ral immune response. Six antigenic domains in the capsid protein have been identified. The fragmented proteins in these domains are analyzed for their application in serological diagnosis of HEV....
Amitha Reena Gomes1, Belamaranahally Muniveerappa Veeregowda2, Sonnahallipura Munivenkatappa Byregowda1, Vinayagamurthy Balamurugan3*
...ccines and/or diagnostic antigens. The recombinant viral proteins, virus like particle based vaccines, bivalent/multivalent vaccines, recombinant viral vectored vaccines, RNA interference as a therapy, suicidal DNAs, synthetic epitopes and peptides, reverse genetics, anti idiotypic antibody based vaccines and helper cell dependent diagnostics represent the present vaccine/diagnostic development strategies for the effective control and eradication of PPR. This ...
Muhammad Abubakar1*, Shumaila Manzoor2, Jonas Johansson Wensman3, Emeli Torsson3, Qurban Ali1 and Muhammad Munir4
...fection was confirmed by antigen capture ELISA and RT-PCR in both swab and body tissue samples. The molecular characterization revealed clustering of the PPRV within lineage IV with significant substitutions in the nucleoprotein (NP) gene. Genetic variations within NP gene, and possibly in other proteins which are essentially mediating protective immunity, may explain the extreme infectious nature of the virus and its host-specific pathogenesis. Moreover, unde...
Adedeji A.J, Sati N.M, Pewan S.B, Ogbu K.I, Adole J.A, Lazarus D.D, Ijiwo S.J, Okpanachi A, Nwagbo I.O, Joannis, T.M and Abdu P.A
...ain reaction (PCR). IBDV antigen was detected by AGID while CAV by PCR. This confirms the diagnosis of concurrent infection of CIA and IBD in the affected flock. This is the first case report of a concurrent and natural field outbreak of CIA and IBD in a commercial poultry farm in Nigeria....
Aziz-ul-Rahman, Farooq Yousaf, Naveed Anwar and Muhammad Abubakar
...was performed using PPRV antigen to determine antibody titres level. The overall prevalence of antibodies to PPRV in goats and sheep were 66.22% (521 samples) and 65.76% (444 samples), respectively. Sero-prevalence of anti-PPRV antibodies was found higher in adults (69.14% with GMT 17.91) than in young (62.47% with GMT 12.85). Furthermore, seasonal seropositivity seasons was recorded and sero-prevalence during summer was found to be higher (72.84% with GMT 20....
Gabriela Mansano do Nascimento, Helena Lage Ferreira and Clarice Weis Arns
...on is independent of the antigen and depends on the ability of the host to recognize pathogens by means of specific pattern recognition receptors. This interaction induces the production of cytokines, chemokines and interferons. Through Janus kinase/signal transducers and transcription activators pathway, interferon induces the transcription of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), responsible for playing an essential and decisive role in the virus pathology. So...
Pam D Luka, Frank N Mwiine, Bitrus Yakubu, Joseph Erume, Ricardo Pérez-Sánchez, Hermann Unger and David Shamaki
John G. Bruno
...of emulating rickettsial antigens to enable sensitive detection of rickettsia exposure in humans who have seroconverted. Such anti-idiotypic aptamer antigens might also serve as rickettsial vaccines, if fully developed. The top five highest affinity R. rickettsii and top five R. typhi anti-Fab aptamers as assessed by enzyme-linked aptamer sorbent assay (ELASA) screening were shown to specifically bind their cognate antibodie...
Mahmoud Said1*, Abd El Satar Arafa1, Mohammed A. Rohaim2* and Hussein A. Hussein2
...th day of age using both antigens (RE-5 antigen) and (S75/Egy/2015 antigen). Generally, GMT post-challenge was increased as the chicks overcome the infections. In conclusion, our results indicate that vaccination at 5th day old with baculovirus H5+ND inactivated vaccine can interfere with MDA of H5 vaccine and has negative impact on H5 vaccine titer. However, NDV titer remained unaffected ...
Madiha Hashmi1, Abid Hussain1, Shafiq ur Rehman1, Farida Ahmed2, Shahbaz Aslam3,Nadeem Afzal4 and Zaigham Abbas1,*
Wesam Hasan Mohamed Mady1*, Bing Liu2, Dong Huang2, Abdel Satar Arafa1, Mohamed Khalifa Hassan1, Mona Mehrez Aly1, Pucheng Chen2, Yongping Jiang2* and Hualan Chen2
...immune responses against antigens encoded by recombinant DNA. The goal of this study was to construct Egy-H5 plasmid DNA-based vaccine against a currently circulating avian influenza virus H5N1 strain in Egypt targeting the HA gene. The HA gene of AIV Egyptian strain H5N1 was codon optimized for chicken biased codon and sub-cloned into pCAGGS mammalian expression vector under the control of chicken β-actin promoter. The construct was transfected into 293T...
Lucas Pedroso Colvero1, Paulo Eduardo Brandão2*, Cesar Alejandro Rodriguez Rosales2, Hanny Swam3 and Laura Yaneth Buitrago Villarreal1
...rlooked when compared to antigenic properties. This study was designed to assess the effect of two different commercial inactivated water-in-oil multivalent vaccines; vaccine A contains IBV (Massachusetts M41 and D274 strains), NDV (Clone 30), aMPV (BUT 8544) and IBDV (classic strain) whereas vaccine B contains IBV (Massachusetts M41 and a Brazil type strain), NDV (LaSota strain), aMPV (TRT strain) and IBDV (GP82 strain). Viscosity values for vaccines A and B ...
Hailong Dong1, Hui Zhang2, Kun Li2, Khalid Mehmood2,3, Mujeeb Ur Rehman2, Fazul Nabi2, Yajing Wang2, Zhenyu Chang1,2, Qingxia Wu1,* and Jiakui Li1,2,*
...ompA). Moreover O-antigen serotype was tested by slide agglutination test and a mouse model was built to assess the lethality of the E.coli isolates through subcutaneous-infection. Out of 81 E.coli isolates, the most prevalent gene detected was ompA (90.12%), followed by ETT2 (69.14%), irp2 (54.32%), EAST1 (46.91%), CS31A (41.98%), estB (19.75%), eaeA (14.81%), estA (12.35%) and K8...
Yanjie Guo1, Weini Wu1, Hongmei Wang2, Xiao Guo2 and Yongping Xu2,*
...ze and eliminate foreign antigens, and the process of local immunity in the female reproductive system is regulated by the coordinated integration of the nervous, immune and endocrine systems. The nerves that branch from the inferior mesenteric ganglion (IMG) are a major source of sympathetic nerves, which dominate the immune response of the female reproductive system. Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is an important Th1 cytokine and plays an important role in pregnancy...
Muhammad Athar Khan1, Muhammad Zahid Latif2*, Syed Amir Gilani3 and Ifrah Bukhari4
...against each of the five antigens against the serovars. A total of 250 subjects were included in the study. Out of these, 125 subjects were exposed to the rice paddy water where as 125 were not exposed to rice paddy water. The cumulative seropositivity among the exposed is (83.2%) as compared to (42%) among the non exposed to rice paddy field water. The calculated cumulative odds ratio is 6.7 which represent a strong association of the risk for the development...
Muhammad Rasool1,*, Muhammad Zahid1, Muhammad Ismail Khan1, Qadeem Khan2 and Khalid Khan1
Basit Zeshan1,2,*, Mushtaq A. Saleem2,Javed Iqbal Wattoo2, Mohd Mokhtar Arshad1 and Maizan Mohamed1
...0 (containing five antigenic sites located at 24–61, 291–398 and 497–543 amino acid residues of S1 glycoprotein) were amplified by overlap PCR, cloned into prokaryotic expression vector resulting pET-Sf200 and confirmed the construct by sequencing. The recombinant plasmid was identified by restriction enzyme and sequencing analysis. The in vitro expression of the truncated protein was analyzed in E. coli with a ...
Sherin Reda Rouby
...p;The LSDV is similar in antigenicity and in cultural characteristics to SPPV. The current study was delineated to identify capripoxviruses from different clinical samples and differentiate capripoxviruses without the need of gene sequencing. A total of 16 lumpy skin disease clinical samples (skin nodules, scabs, buffy coat, lymph aspirate and engorged ticks) and three sheep pox biopsy skin samples were subjected to DNA extraction followed by 30 kDa RNA p...
Evolutionary Analysis and Phylodynamics of Avian Influenza Virus H5N1 between 2015 and 2016 in Egypt
Osama Elshazly1, AbdelSatar Arafa1, Mohammed A. Rohaim2, Ismaeil M. Reda2 and Hussein A. Hussein2*
...us isolation, as well as antigenic and molecular detection methods. Full-length hemagglutinin (HA) sequences of six representative H5N1 isolates were analysed to study their genetic evolution followed by estimation of their evolutionary rates among different virus clusters. This analysis revealed a high evolution rate for clade 2.2.1.2. Additionally, analysis of selection pressures in the HA gene revealed a positive selection pressure. Deduced amino acid analy...
Waqas Ali* and Mudasser Habib
...ocated in known critical antigenic region but as a whole protein was under negative selection pressure for serotype O, A and Asia 1. Therefore, under mass vaccination campaigns and drastic environmental conditions strains under negative selection has the ability to make escape mutants. ...
Ejaz Mahmood Ahmad Qureshi1,*, Amtul Bari Tabinda2, Seemal Vehra3 and Atif Yaqub4
Xiaona Cao1,3-5, Yuanyuan Ren2-5, Xiaoteng Cui2-5, Baoxin Qian2-5, Chunyan Zhao 2-5, Jie Yang2-5, Chao Su2-5,* and Xingjie Gao2-5,*
...and T cell intracellular antigen 1 (TIA1), in the SG aggregation and nucleus/cytoplasm localization under stress condition. We found that hnRNP A1, HuR and TIA1-containing SGs were aggregated in the cytoplasm of HeLa cells, and accompanies the alteration of nucleus/cytoplasm localization during arsenite induced-oxidative stress. Increased hnRNP A1 fluorescence signal within cytoplasm was detected from 3% of normal cells to the 28% of stressed cells; in contras...
Hala Mohamed Nabil Tolba1, Naglaa Fathy Saeed Awad1*, Gamelat Kotb Farag Kotb2, Amany Adel3
...rences in the predictive antigenic determinants between these vvIBDV isolates and the classic vaccine strain (Bursin plus). These findings could explain the persistence of vvIBDV circulation in the Egyptian environment in spite of vaccination with classical vaccine strains. ...
Gul Afshan1,2,*, Soumble Zulfiqar2, Sumaira Mehboob2, Muhammad Tahir Javed Khan1 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori2,*
...g antibodies against the antigenic protein HCV3a E2, the purified protein E2 was injected subcutaneously into the rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). The antibodies titer in rabbit after immunization in 100% pure serum sample was 0.736 which was 15 times more than that of pre immune control sera (0.049). It is concluded from the current study that purified HCV3a envelope glycoprotein E2 has significant antigenic ac...
Zhijun Zhong1, Rui Tu1, Xichun Wang2, Yi Geng1, Qicheng Xiao1, Yinan Tian1, Bin Wei1, Jiaming Dan1, Ya Wang1 and Guangneng Peng1,*
...ction of B. canis antigens in the lesions of all examined tissues. Strong positive staining was primarily found in the spleen, liver, and testicle. In conclusion, this study was the first to report the isolation of two B. canis strains from pet dogs in Sichuan province, southwestern China, and to further evaluate B. canis antigen location in tissues. Our study will contribute to the understanding of B...
Muhammad Furqan Shahid1*, Tahir Yaqub1, Muhammad Yasin Tipu2, Asim Aslam2, Saima Yaqub1, Aziz-ul-Rahman3, Muzaffar Ali1
...luate the infectious and antigenic potential of three different AIV (A/H9N2) variants isolated from commercial, backyard poultry and fancy birds (partridge). Commercial broiler birds were infected experimentally at the dose of 106 EID50 by using these three isolates. Results revealed that onset of clinical signs was started at 2nd day post infection (DPI) followed by severity in redness and swelling of eyes, sneezing and lacrim...
Tanweer Kumar1, Sahib Zada2,3,Muhammad Irfan4,*, Huma Batool5 and Wasim Sajjad2,6
...d to hepatitis B surface antigen Immuno-chromatographic test (ICT), HBsAg enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and by Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for the existence of antibodies against HBV. It was observed that 307 (12.8%) out of the 2382 individuals harbored antibodies in their blood against HBV. Among the different age groups, the highest number of incidences of HBV antibodies was found in the 16-25 age groups (7.01%). ICT positive samples ...
Naglaa M. Hagag1*, Mervat E. Hamdy1, Mary A. Sargious1, Sara M. Elnomrosy1, Nahed A. Ahmed1, Ayman A. Hamed1, Ahmed R. Habashi1, Essam I. Ibrahiem1, Mahmoud A. Abdel-Hakim2 and Momtaz A. Shahein1
...gypt. Moreover, the high antigenic variation in FMDV is recognized as a major problem in vaccination. Because the vaccine strains should match those strains circulating in the field, an updated vaccine is required to control the disease. Monitoring of FMDV in neighboring countries is essential to predict those strains that might escape into Egypt. ...
Farheen Shafique1, Shaukat Ali2,*, Saiqa Andleeb1, Abdul Rauf1,3, Syed Ayaz Kazmi1,3, Sadia Idrees4, Faisal Farooq1,3, Faiq Nawaz Khan3,4, Muhammad Saad-ul-Hassan1,3, Raja Awais Mumtaz1,3, Saba Khalid1, Zaheem Ashraf1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir2 and Fazal-ur-Rehman5
Abdul Kabir¹, Amjad Hussian Mirani¹, Jam Kashif1, Shumaila Manzoor2, Abdullah Iqbal3*, Ihsan Ullah Khan4 and Muhammad Abubakar2
...bove 2 years. Results of antigen detections showed that the outbreaks were going in study population and confirmed positive for PPRV by IcELISA and RT-PCR (N-gene). The study revealed a comparison of PPRV occurrence in the different production system of small ruminants and on-going disease outbreaks in the target area.
...
Housh Muhammad Solangi1, Javaid Ali Gadahi1*, Mansoor Tariq2, Bachal Bhutto1, Zubair Ahmed Laghari1, Jamila Soomro3, Taufeeq Ahhmed Khosa1 and Abdullah G Arijo1
...ced by using the HcCP as antigen. Infective stage of the H. contortus (L3) was used for the challenge infection. Protein band pattern ranging from 10 to 170 kDa was observed and protein bands at 10-20 kDa, 24, 26 and 40-60 kDa were recognized by the antibodies against HcCP through western blot. Feacal egg count reduction test (FECRT) revealed that egg production was significantly reduced as 75.06%, 76.36% and 57.01 % respectively in vaccinated group as ...
Gong Ga1,2 and SuoLang Sizhu2,*
... RT-PCR and qRT-PCR. HEV antigens were detected in tissues by immunohistochemistry analysis. Overall, we found that that eight serum samples (4.6%, 8/173) were positive to anti-HEV IgM antibody and Seventeen serum sample (9.8%, 17/173) were positive for anti-HEV IgG antibody. The HEV RNA positive rate was of 4.6% (8/173) in feces and serum. Moreover, the prevalence of HEV RNA was 9.5% (2/21) in swine liver, 4.8% (1/21) in swine spleen, 9.5% (2/21) in...
Ghulam Akbar1*, Muhammad Anjum Zia1, Ali Ahmad2, Neha Arooj1 and Shahneela Nusrat1
...al spp. Therefore, it is antigenic in nature due to microbial source which restricts its use. However, it is necessary to truncate antigenic regions present in the SK gene for the removal of streptokinase antigenicity. The basic goal of this research work is to highlight antigenic regions founded in streptokinase molecule and to give strategy to remove t...
Ke Zhang1, Shuai Liu2, Qiu Chen1, Yu Wang1, Li Liu1, Bingjie Li1, Kai Ma1, Xiaoya Wei1, Aijun Li3 and Junyan Li2*
...med to screen novel tick antigens using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) followed by western blot analysis (WB) with artificial antiserum. A total of 105 Haemaphysalis longicornis (H. longicornis) ticks were selected to prepare protein samples. Some of them were used for 2-DE, and the others were used to immunize mice to collect tick antiserum for WB. Then, 2-DE followed by WB and MALDI-TOF was carried out to screen and identify tick
Hassan Boulahyaoui1,2*, Sanaa Alaoui Amine1,3, Marouane Melloul4, Farida Hilali5, Elmostafa El-Fahime1,3, Saad Mrani1,2 and Nadia Touil1,5*
...ecular characterization, antigenic disparities and the phylogenetic analysis of unusual human rotavirus VP4 genotype detected in Moroccan children fully vaccinated with Rotarix™. After RNA virus extraction, the rotavirus VP7 and VP4 genes were amplified. The DNA was purified, sequenced and genotypes were determined using the RotaC online classification tool. A phylogenetic tree was constructed using the Maximum Likelihood method applying the Tamura 3-par...
Parakriti Gupta1, Kapil Goyal2 and Mini Pritam Singh3*
Hepatitis E Virus and Zoonosis
...shed by detection of HEV antigen or anti-HEV IgM in acute sera. However, the detection of HEV RNA is important to establish the diagnosis in immunosuppressed patients. In transplant patients, decrease in immunosuppression is usually done, however ribavirin therapy has also shown a definitive role. There is upcoming literature on the role of sofosbuvir also in these groups of patients. Since the virus has only one serotype, univalent vaccine can provide protect...
Joseph Anejo-Okopi1*, Dorcas Yilger Gotom1, Noble Allison Chiehiura1, Julius Ocheme Okojokwu1, David Ochola Amanyi2, John Otumala Egbere1, Joshua Adetunji1, Otobo Innocent Ujah3 and Onyemocho Audu4
The Seroprevalence of Zika Virus Infection among HIV Positive and HIV Negative Pregnant Women in Jos, Nigeria
...indication that the ZIKV antigen that triggered the antibodies response is in circulation, therefore, suggest the need for ZIKV surveillance and larger study on specific IgM antibodies in Nigeria....
Muhammad Saeed Shah1, Fazal Nasir2, Sana Ul Haq1 and Muhammad Tahir Khan2*
...man body against harmful antigens. In this paper, the concept of biological immune system, idiotypic network theory and clonal selection theory are applied in multi-robot cooperation. Idiotypic network theory governs the stimulation and suppression of an antibody in response to an antigen. Clonal selection theory represents how immune cells mutate and proliferate into memory cells. The methodology presented in this paper is ...
Saima Yaqub1, Tahir Yaqub1*, Muhammad Zubair Shabbir2, Asif Nadeem3, Aziz-Ul-Rahman1, Muhammad Furqan Shahid1, Zarfishan Tahir4 and Nadia Mukhtar4
...g/Ab Combo test and then antigen positive samples were amplified for HIV-1 pol gene (1084 bp) and analyzed. Initial screening showed a total of 49 HIV samples positive (24.37%; 95% CI: 18.96-30.76). A substantial association of HIV incidence was observed in individuals with HCV infection (36.84%; 95% CI: 28.55-45.99; p<0.0001) followed by individuals involved in practices of shared injection equipment (21.17%; 95% CI: 25.07-40.21; p<0.0001)...
Eman A. Al-Shahari1,2, Abdelhalim A. Alkhazendar3, Eman R. ElBealy4 and Abeer A. Alm-Eldeen3*
...oliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). After quercetin administration, they showed an improvement in the previous biochemical parameters. Seminiferous tubule diameters were 105.2 ± 2.1 µm and their epithelium heights were 26 ± 2.1 µm. Remarkably, spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatids and sertoli were positively reacted with PCNA. In conclusion, quercetin could modulate aging induced-testicular damage via increasing the antioxidan...
Saad A. Moussa1, Ahmed F. Afify1*, Suzan Salah2 and Ayman Hamed3
...udy was intended for the antigenic and molecular characterization of betacoronavirus 1 (bovine coronavirus) BCoV in newborn gastroenteritis calves in the Delta Region, Menofia Province, Egypt, also for isolation and identification of the local circulating BCoV strain for further diagnosis or vaccination. In cattle, Betacoronavirus 1 bovine coronavirus (BCoV) is primarily involved in enteric infections which leads to serious complication which may be fatal in y...
El-Habbaa, A.S.
...ated chicken eggs (ECE), antigen detection using agar gel
immune-diffusion test (AGIDT) and indirect-Immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and
molecular detection of viral DNA using PCR. Positive results were showed in 36 of
samples (28/30 of sheep samples and 8/10 of goat samples)upon isolation on ECE by the
3rd passage and 22 of samples (17/28 of sheep isolates and 5/8 of goat isolates) using
AGIDT and ind...
Enas K. Abo-Elmagd,Kouka S. Abd El-Wahab,Azza H. El- Salakawy
...test for detection of RV antigen in stool specimens collected from Egyptian infants and young children with ELISA, and nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Furthermore, to study the frequency of RV infection in Egyptian infants and young children during the summer season 2012 and the effect of certain risk factors including age and gender on the extent and impact of RV infection. The study included 73 infants and young children atte...
Nader M. Sobhy,1 Sunil K. Mor,2 Mohammed E.M. Mohammed,1
Iman M. Bastawecy,3 Hiam M. Fakhry,4 and Sagar M. Goyal2
...otential for genetic and antigenic variation. Therefore molecular study of FMDV is pre-requisite for amplification of FMDV specific genomic fragment and also copying specific serotypes O, A and SAT2 nucleotide sequence. In this work FMDV serotype O, A and SAT2 were isolated from cattle clinical samples (foot lesions). RNA extracted from clinical samples was subjected to reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction( Rt. PCR) nucleotide of FMDV ID and 3D gene...
Ebtisam, A. Abouel yazeed1; Yanni, M.I.1 and Hanan A. Fahmy2
...stigate bovine rotavirus antigen in fecal samples of forty diarrheic new borne calves of cattle (32) and buffaloes (8) below three months in some farms in Egypt. The detection was done by ELISA and indirect fluorescent antibody technique (FAT) as well as molecular method as real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-qPCR) from samples collected during neonatal diarrhea. Six out of forty tested samples were found positive for rotavirus (15%) infection...
Hanaa A. Ahmed1 and Eman M. AboHatab2
... accurate method for LSD antigen detection. nodules were subjected directly to PCR and Real time PCR for rapid and specific detection of LSDV, sixteen out of the twenty one nodular samples were confirmed positive by molecular methods. Eleven out of twenty one nodular samples were positive by (IFAT) in CAM, which prove that PCR and Real Time PCR are much sensitive and rapid diagnostic tool of LSD reflecting their importance in controlling the rapid spread of di...
Afaf. A. Khedr*, Ekram Salama*, A. A. Samy**, Abdella, Y.A.*** and Suzan. K. Tolba***
... immune response for the antigenic component of both vaccines show high titre of antibodies, but Montanide ISA-70 adjuvanted vaccine was superior as shown in mean antibody titers against Avibacterium paragallinarum serovar A, B and C and infectious bronchitis. In addition, Montanide ISA-70 is lesser in viscosity that makes it easily injected, so, it is better to use for control of infectious coryza and infectious bronchitis diseases in chickens....
Hala K. Abdelmegeed 1, Eman M. Abohatab 1, Khattab,O. M. 1 , Salem, S.A.H. 1 , Arafa, A. 2, Nashwa M. Helmy 3
... ELISA kit used for FMDV antigen detection for the epithelial suspension from 42 field samples collected from various geographic locations 10 governorates are ( El-Sharkia,Giza, Port Said, Assuit, Suize, Kafre El-Shake, Qina, Al-Gahrbia, Domiatte and Alexandria) Serotyping and molecular characterization by polymerase chain reaction PCR for (31) samples as FMD Serotype O , (2) Serotype A and (3) serotype SAT2 the samples collected from outbreaks in period Novem...
Nashwa M. Helmy1 and Ahmed S. A.2
...s the detection of virus antigen or
genome. So, the vesicular epithelial tissues collected from infected cattle from Sharkia
(7) and Fayoum (5) governorates were subjected to antigen ELISA and RT-PCR. 8
epithelial tissues were identified by Indirect sandwich ELISA. The results were 5 and 3
positive from Sharkia and Fayoum respectively, while 12 samples were positive by RTPCR.
Serag eldeen Sultana, M.W Abdel azeemb, Nahla Mohamed Eldamranyc
...) test against H5 and H9 antigens. The overall results using both ELISA and HI tests revealed that the prevalence of AIV antibodies was 12.6% (18/143). The seropositive samples represented 5/143 and 15/108 for ELISA and HI, respectively. The detection of both H5 and H9 antibodies in (4) samples indicated that co-infection may occur, while (10) samples were only containing H9 antibodies and (1) sample was H5 positive by HI test. The AIV positive samples were de...
Aya El-Turkey1, A. K. El-Attar1, A. E. Aboulata1, B. Othman2 and K. A. El-dougdoug2
...ession of the introduced antigen construct at the RNA level was detected by RT-PCR, using specific primers for the HSV-gD2 transcript. Expression of the HSV-2 gD antigen was assayed by ELISA on protein extracts isolated from same transfected plant tissue samples as for the RT-PCR assays. Results showed that the HSV-gD2 construct was expressed at both the RNA and protein levels in the transgenic tomato plants. Finally, we rep...
Aly M. Abdel-Salam
...rum of BSV captured SCBV antigens in leaves and insect vectors in
Immunocapture (IC) PCR analysis. The present study represents the first record of
SCBV presence in Egypt.
...
M. A. Kararah1, Om-Hashem M. El-Banna1, Salwa N. Zein2 and Abd-Elrehiem, A.F.3
.../1000, respectively. The antigen dilution end point was
1:500.The produced antiserum was evaluated by ELISA and DBIA. Electron
microscopy f ultrathin-section of PMV- infected leaf tissue revaled several
morphological changes and aggregated virus particles associated with
pinwheel inclusion bodies. Salicylic acid and Parahydroxy benzoic acid
were used for induction of systemic acquired resistance, wher...
Sahar Abd El Rahman1; Mohamed Eladl2 and Mohamed M. El-Diasty3
...haracterize of the viral antigens, then molecular characterization of its genome. Infection by the bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV) was noticed in Dakahlyia governorates during the summer season of 2015. Twelve samples of buffy coats were collected from dairy farms suspected from clinical investigations to be infected by bovine ephemeral fever virus. The virus was isolated intracerebrally in suckling mice then successfully identified by indirect immunofluor...
Abd El-Hamid, M.I1, Seham, A.El-Zeedy1, El-Sanousi, A.A2, Reda, I.M2, Nehal, S. Saleh1, Abbas, A.M1
Ehab M. El-Nahas1, Hemat S. El-Sayed2, Sawsan S. El-Basuni3, Gabr F. El-Bagoury1
...with further genetic and antigenic characterization. Methods: Beside a real time RT-PCR; sequence analysis of partial S1 gene, cross-neutralization and the challenge experiment for H120 vaccinated broiler chickens were also performed. Results: Egypt/Qal/014p had close relation with that of the Massachusetts prototypes. Comparisons nucleotide and amino acid sequence of partial S1 gene showed that the recent isolate had 98.2% and 95.2% nucleotide similarities an...
Ayman S. El-Habbaa 1, Gabr F. El-Bagoury1, Samar F. El-Adaway2, and Susan S. El-Mahdy2
...t further studies on the antigenic characters of that variant isolate is required to study antigenic variation between NDV strains circulating in Egypt....
Naglaa F.S. Awad1, Gamelat K.F. Kotb2
...a. Molecular analysis of antigenic
regions of VP60 (part of E and F regions) revealed neither detection of recombination points nor sites
under positive selection.
Conclusion: The obtained results indicate that non-hemagglutinating RHDVa G6 variant viruses are
currently circulating in Sharkia with the ability to infect both young and adult rabbits that may be due
to inadequate application of vaccine a...
Maha M. Khedr1, Reem A. Suliman1, Marwa F. Mohamed1, Mounir D. El Safty1, Hussein A.
Hussein2
...div>Also, the 300 HAU of antigen in the prepared avian influenza H5N1 vaccine are not enough in reducing
of virus shedding post challenge.
...
Hussein A. Hussein, Maha Khedr, Reem A. Suliman, Marwa F. Mohamed, Mounir D. El
Safty
...rmination of the optimal antigen content of avian influenza virus
vaccines is urgent to reach protective antibody titers and reduce virus shedding.
Methods: Groups of one-day old commercial broiler chicks were divided in to 8 groups 1, 2 and 3 were
vaccinated with a prepared vaccine contain 500HAU of H5N1 reassortant antigen; while group 4, 5 and 6
were vaccinated with an impor...
Dalia M. Omar1, Nermeen A. Marden1, Lamiaa M. Gaafar1, Elham A. El-ebiary1, Khalid El-Dougdoug2, Badawi Othman2, Abd Elsattar Arafa3, Hussein A. Hussein4
... identified and subtyped antigenically by serological test as
Haemagglutination inhibition (HI) using standard AI antisera for H5 antigen and genetically by RTPCR
using specific primer for H5 gene and it was confirmed to be H5N1 and grouped according to the
year of isolation as 2016 isolate strain.
Results: According to the phylogenetic analysis it falls into the classical grou...
Nermeen A. Marden1, Lamiaa M. Gaafar1, Hussein A. Hussein2
...howed that sufficient HA antigen content and similar HA sequences
with the field HPAI challenge viruses are needed to produce a consistent and high protection percent,
but, they are not enough to assess the vaccine efficacy.
Conclusion: The invitro assessment of protection was not considered an alternative methods to the
direct assessment of vaccine efficacy (vaccination-challenge), but it was used as complementa...
Akram I. Aboelkhair1, Ayman H. El-Deeb2, Momtaz A. Shahin1 and Hussein A. Hussein2
...g conventional PCR . For antigenic identification SNT were
applied. Sequencing of positive sample reveled identity of LSDV by targeting G-protein coupled
chemokine receptor gene (GPCR) which confirm that there is no genetic changes in LSDV.
Conclusion: phylogenetic analysis of LSDV at summer 2017 revealed that recent isolates has no
genetic difference compared by other isolates from Egypt or Africa during previou...
Hanaa A. Elsamadony1, Laila A. Tantawy1, Sabry E. Omar2 and Heba A. Abd Alah1
...o detect CAV
antigens by immunohistochemically in thymus and bone marrow tissues of SPF chicks infected with
CAV.
Methods: In this study, 30 layer farms of age 40 to 100-days-old from different governorates
(Alexandria, Gharbia, Giza and Qalubia) were examined for CAV with real-time PCR and
histopathological examination. The positive samples were prepared and inoculated in SPF chicks' oneday-
<...
Karim M. Selim1, Abdullah A. Selim1, abdelsattar Arafa1, Hussein A. Hussein2, Ahmed A. El-Sanousi2
... using GVII monospecific antigen and decreased virus shedding
than other group. The vaccinated group with genotype VII significantly reduced the virus
shedding at 3, 5, 7 and 10 days post challenge unlike the genotype II vaccinated group that
did not reduce virus shedding and increased morbidity and mortality in contact birds.
Conclusion: The combined inactivated and live NDV vaccination programs have the
...
Mona Mohammed EL-Derbawy1, Eman Naser Hafez2*,
Mona Abdel Daym Abd Rabbo1, Nagwa Ibrahim Toaleb3,
Saedia Abdel Hady Sayed El-Ahl1 and Bahaa Eldkeen Wade EL-Aswad4
...ma mansoni cercarial antigens (SCA) by ELISA for serodiagnosis. Total IgG ELISA was assessed to evaluate the potency of two parts of Schistosoma mansoni ceracrial antigens (2000 each) one normal and other exposed to attenuating dose of 400 Gy gamma radiations. The study was conducted on fifty two individual sera samples divided as follows: Group І included 21 obtained from patients who were positive for schistoso...
Ho-Seong Cho1 and Yeonsu Oh2,*
...ive for carcinoembryonic antigen, fetoprotein and hepatocyte paraffin-1. Taken together, the tumor was diagnosed as cholangiocarcinoma. This is the first case report of a cholangiocarcinoma in the puma.
...
Johar Hussian1, Faiz Muhammad2, Shafqat Fatimah Rehmani3, Aqeel Ahmad4, Nazir Ahmad Lone4, Moomal Bughio5, Syed Khurram Freed1 and Shakeel Ahmed Khan4*
...y for preparation of IBV antigen by treating with different enzymes for HA reaction. IBV local isolates were characterized by SDS-PAGE and RT-PCR. The indigenous isolate HA antigens were treated with different proteolytic enzymes trypsin, neuraminidase and phospholipase C. The prepared antigen were stored at -86oC and used for HA test. All antigen prepar...
Neven Waheeb1*, Sherif Marouf2, Essam Nasr3, Shaymaa Abdelmalek2
Lin Huang1, Ling Mai2, Keyan Zhong1 and Xinjun Chen3*
...istics, signal peptides, antigen epitopes, transmembrane domains, secondary and tertiary structures, multi sequence alignment and molecular evolutionary tree of SeFABP were predicted and analyzed. On this basis, SeFABP was whole-genome synthesized and cloned into prokaryotic expression vector. The recombinant plasmid pET-30a(+)-SeFABP was constructed, then transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3) and induced by IPTG. The purified SeFABP was obtained by Ni-IDA resin...
Alexander Tsybulsky1*, Tatyana Tabakaeva1, Anna Klimovich2, Michail Shchelkanov1, Eduard Kostetsky1, Maksim Aliev1, Anton Degtyarenko3
... viral p27-FeLV-specific antigen in the blood plasma; 5) Expression of ifnα6, ifnα7, ifnβ1, ifnγ and ifnλ1 genes in WBC; 6) Expression of p53 and gadd45g genes in WBC. The concentration of the viral p27-FeLV antigen in the blood plasma was determined by ELISA. The total DNA and total RNA was extracted from the WBC. The cDNA was obtained using an mRNA matrix. Qualitative and quantitative analyses...
Sana Shakoor, Tahir Rehman Samiullah, Naila Shahid, Abdul Qayyum Rao*, Aneela Yasmeen, Sana Tahir, Ayesha Latif, Saira Azam, Ahmad Ali Shahid and Tayyab Husnain
...hosen as the immunogenic antigen because it is highly conserved among H9N2 strain of avian influenza virus. Moreover, immunogenic regions within HA gene may contain potential immunogenic epitopes. The specificity of HA protein produced from E. coli was confirmed through an antibody-antigen reaction on the nitrocellulose membrane. The appearance of 67 KDa protein on the nitrocellulose membrane confirmed its specificity. The i...
Laiba Ajmal1, Sidra Ajmal2, Maleeha Ajmal3, Gul Nawaz3, Rabail Hassan Toor4, Hooria Younas1, Tassaduq Hussain Sheikh5 and Raazia Tasadduq1*
...oning of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system at the maternal fetus interface plays a pivotal role in acceptance of the fetus. Alterations in the modulated activity of HLA system influence the fetal tolerance. Therefore, this review will provide an insight on how the working of HLA at the maternal fetal interface contributes towards recurrent pregnancy losses (RPL). Antigen hiding is a phenomenon that contributes towards imm...
Mirtneh Akalu1,2*, Takele Abayneh2, Esayas Gelaye2, Behailu Tefera2, Teferi Degefa2, Vemulapati Bhadra Murthy1
... a wide range of surface antigens. This study was designed to evaluate the immunogenic potential of M. haemolytica serotype A:1 OMVs (MH-OMVs). Fifteen calves were divided randomly into three groups of five calves and immunized with single-dose and booster-dose of 0.15 mg/ml vesicle preparation. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) assay of the partially purified MH-OMVs revealed approximately ten protein bands ranging from 25 t...
Basel A. Abokhadra, Samah M. Mosad, Sahar Abd El Rahman*
...5 (BoHV-5) have the same antigenic and genetic relatedness. BoHV-1 is one of the viruses that incriminated in respiratory disease; affects the genital tract and causes significant economic losses to domestic cattle in Egypt. Although BoHV-5 mainly causes encephalitis in calves, the virus is excreted in nasal discharge under stress factors, so herpesvirus latency reactivation cycle is the hallmark of the disease. In the present study, molecular screening of 60 ...
Liyun Chang1, Aiju Liu2, Jianshuang Zhang3, Yingbin Chen1 and Zhiyong Liu4*
...s then used as a coating antigen to establish an indirect ELISA method for detecting the T. gondii antibody in pet cats, whose reaction conditions were optimized. The SAG2 gene was successfully cloned into a pET-21a (+) prokaryotic expression vector, and the recombinant plasmid pET-21a-SAG2 was obtained. The size of the recombinant protein was approximately 19 kDa, and it was expressed mainly in the form of an inclusion body. The optimal reaction conditions we...
Diagnosis of Staphylococcus aureus Infection in Bovine Mastitis using its Affinity Purified Fraction
Ehab A. Fouad1*, Khaled A. Abd El-Razik2 , Eman H. Abdel-Rahman3
... that known as the crude antigen. It entered to affinity column chromatography [Cyanogen Bromide-Sepharose 4B (CNBr-Sepharose 4B)] (Sigma Chemical Co.), obtain the fraction. In brief, IgG of cows S. aureus positive sera were purified by precipitation with 50% ammonium sulphate followed by purification with Protein A Sepharose gel. The separated IgG was dialyzed for 3 days against a 0.1 M NaHCO3 buffer pH 8.3 with 0.5 M sodium chloride and 0.02 percent NaN3 bef...
Mahmoud S. Sirag1*, Effat L. El Sayed2, Mahmoud M. Hussein3, Khalid A. El-Nesr1, Mahmoud B. El-Begawey1
...and distribution of BVDV antigen in the genital organs of persistently infected and acutely infected cows, this study was carried out on genital organs of thirty cows submitted to slaughter houses suffering from reproductive disorders. Pathologically, three mummified fetuses had been extracted from the uterus of examined cows (3/30). The disrupted growing and mature follicles were a distinctive microscopic feature in infected animals while such changes were ab...
Zahra Naz1,2, Fouzia Ismat1, Muhammad Saleem2, Mazhar Iqbal1, Aamir Shehzad1 and Moazur Rahman1,2*
...s a promising diagnostic antigen for reliable detection of NDV infection in chickens. In the present study, we have devised a strategy for extraction and solubilization of the NDV M protein from Escherichia coli in a single step using a non-ionic detergent, lauryl-dimethylamine oxide (LDAO), enabling the purification of the detergent-solubilized M protein in a soluble form through affinity chromatography without compromising the structural integrity of the pro...
Caiyun Ma1, Hebao Wen1, Lu Li2, Gaofeng Liu1, Chunjing Wang1, Yu Guo1, Shiji Fang1, Hongyu Wang1* and Changqing Liu1*
...essed recognized surface antigens of human CSPCs. Additionally, CSPCs exhibited differentiation multipotency, including osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic potential in vitro. These findings may propell CSPCs application in a clinical study, suggesting potential therapeutic treatment for OA or related joint diseases....
Anara Ryskeldina, Indira Iskakova, Nurgul Sarina , Alexander Shevtsov , Laura Syzdykova, Alexander Shustov, Yerlan Ramankulov, Marat Kuibagarov*
... glycoprotein 1 (boPAG1) antigen. The aim of this work was to produce a recombinant boPAG1 antigen and obtain monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against boPAG1. We have obtained the boPAG1 cDNA and are reporting its nucleotide sequence. Bacterial expression of a portion of the natural gene encoding a mature form of boPAG1 failed. But a fusion protein made up of E. coli thioredoxin and boPAG1 was efficiently expressed in E. coli. U...
Iram Amin1,2*, Shazia Rafique1, Nadeem Ahmed1, Muhammad Shahid1, Samia Afzal1, Tahir Rehman Samiullah1, Mohsin Ahmed Khan1 and Muhammad Idrees1,3
...ctive of the study. This antigenic recombinant HDAg protein can be useful for both vaccine development and as a diagnostic marker of HDV. After determination of HDAg antigenic region of HDV and its amplification, the fragment was cloned in bacterial expression vector. The expression of recombinant protein was checked by SDS-PAGE and after the purification of protein by using Ni-affinity column. antig...
Marat Kuibagarov1, Assylbek Zhylkibayev1, Dinara Kamalova1, Anara Ryskeldina1, Nurdina Yerzhanova1, Yerlan Ramankulov1, Alexandr Shevtsov1*, John A Angelos2
.... Pilin is one candidate antigen for M. bovoculi, and is a key pathogenic factor necessary for attachment of M. bovis to the surface of the eye epithelium. To evaluate pilA diversity amongst Kazakh isolates of M. bovoculi, the pilA gene sequence was determined for 35 isolates of M. bovoculi. Ten genotypes (gNA1-gNA10) were identified which were 96.1% to 99.8% identical. It was found that as a result of the replacement of cytosine with thymine at the 97th posi...
Jie Yang1, Wenjun Zhou2, Qi Zhang2, Lei Chu2, Zhenshi Chen1, Xiajun Zhang2, Weidong Wu3*, Shaoru Zhang1* and Lihui Wang1*
...d by N. gonorrhoeae multiantigen sequence typing (NG-MAST). 388 clinical isolates of N. gonorrhoeae were identified, of which 373, 329, 298, 5, 11 and 5 strains were resistant to ciprofloxacin, penicillin, tetracycline, AZM, spectinomycin and ceftriaxone, respectively. The mutation detection of AZM-R related gene showed that there were single (A) nucleotide deletion mutation in mtrR promoter region, G45D mutation in mtrR coding region, G70 mutation in rplD and...
Abdullah Iqbal1, Muhammad Abubakar2, Shumaila Manzoor3, Muhammad Kamran Ameen4 and Rani Faryal1*
...accination. There was no antigen shedding through nasal or fecal route after vaccination in any animal included in the study. ...
Sara Magdy Hashim1, Elshaimaa Ismael2, Mohamed Tarek3, Faten Fathy Mohammed1*, Fatma Amer Abdel Reheem3, Rawhia Esawy Doghaim1
...haracterization of viral antigen revealed direct relation between viral residence in tissue and developed pathology. The present study confirmed that H5N8 HPAI clade 2.3.4.4b, became a predominant strain during the period 2018-2020, causing severe outbreaks in duck farms in Egypt.
Keywords | Avian influenza, HPAI, H5N8, Ducks, Pathology, Egypt.
...
Saba Rehman1, Faisal Salih Hayat1, Sadia Norin2, Abdul Aziz1, Siddiq Ur Rahman1* and Noor ul Haq1*
...was found to the highest antigenicity score. The present study identifies natural inhibitors and potential antigenic Epitopes which may be used as effective drug and vaccine candidates to suppress the novel coronavirus.
...
Soshe Ahmed1*, Mst. Ishrat Zerin Moni1, Maksuda Begum2, Md. Jafar Eqbal3, Md. Shahidul Islam4, Mst. Samira Tanjim1, Mst. Rokeya Sultana1
...a strain NLT 106.0 EID50 antigen. Post-hatch feed and water deprivation durations significantly affect the production parameters. Feed intake, body weight gain and average daily gain were significantly (p<0.01) lower in the T5 group. Significantly (p<0.01), a poor feed conversion ratio was observed in the T5 group. The lowest (91.66%) survivability (p<0.01) was found in the T5 group compared to other groups. There was a significant (p<0.01) differe...
M.M. Mikailov1*, O. Yu. Chernykh2, E.A. Yanikova1, G.A. Nurlygayanova3, O.D. Sklyarov4
...usion reaction with O-PS antigen (RID with O -PS antigen). The specificity of these serological tests was confirmed by the negative results of studies of 40 blood serum samples from animals from a safe farm not vaccinated against brucellosis. Determination of the sensitivity of the tested diagnostic tools was carried out using 46 blood serum samples from cows immunized with a vaccine from the B. abortus 82 strain from a farm...
Dalia Zaafar1*, Heba M.A Khalil2, Soha Hassanin3, Mohamed R. Mousa4, Mona G. Khalil1
...oliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1), PPAR, and cyclin D1. Results: Mice treated with Cis+Pio HD showed higher levels of SOD, GSH, p-ERK1/2 and p38-MAPK, as well as lower levels of MDA and tumor growth factor beside the higher apoptotic activity. Furthermore, Cis+Pio HD reduced the expression of PCNA and HIF-1 and increased the expression of PPARγ, which improved the histopathological changes. Conclusion: Pio ...
Ahmed Abdel-Rady3*, Mohamed Karmi2, Menna_allah Youssef1, Aml M. Abdel-Ra’ouf1, Bahaaa Madkour1
...ozoite-piroplasm surface antigen Targeting gene: (Tams1) revealed positive 29 (58%) animals confirmed by visualization of specific bands at 768 bP. Positive results could be detected in suspected cattle that showed positive or negative blood smear results that proved the high sensitivity of PCR test compared with the conventional method for diagnosis of bovine tropical Theileriosis. PCR proved a highly sensitive and accurate method for diagnosis of bovine trop...
Amthal Ahmed Fouad1, Basem Mohamed Ahmed2, Momtaz Abdelhady Shahein1, Hussein Aly Hussein2*
...e applied to detect RABV antigens in the brain of rabid dog. Relevant reads from the Ion S5 sequencing system were assembled into a draft genome. The draft genome was analyzed, re-assembled, and compared to representative RABV genomes from Africa and the Middle East region. Results: The complete genome of 5EG-QH19 strain extends for 11919 nt including the standard RABV protein genes in the correct order. Twenty-nine synonymous and five non-synonymous mutations...
Sameh Abdel-Moez Ahmed Amer1*, Aly Mohammed Ghetas1, Asmaa Mahmoud Maatouq1, Hagar Magdy Ahmed1, Khaled Mohamed El-Bayoumi1, Mohamed Abd El-Rahman Bosila1, Ahmed Ali El-Shemy2
Samia Afzal1*, Jahanzaib Ahmad1, Iram Amin1, Liaqat Ali2, Muhammad Shahid1, Mohsin Ahmad Khan1 and Muhammad Idrees1
...s on hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) for viral development and release from hepatocytes. It causes the most severe viral hepatitis and suppresses the serological and molecular markers of HBV infections; for example, Hepatitis B envelope antigen (HBeAg), inhibition and reduction of HBV DNA titer during HDV infections. Very few studies described the clampdown of HBV-related markers during HDV replication and the current st...
Bilal Ahmed Shah1, Muhammad Avais1*, Jawaria Ali Khan1, Masood Rabbani2, Aftab Ahmad Anjum2, Muhammad Asad Ali2, Muhammad Awais1, Sohail Ahmad3 and Shahan Azeem2*
...d after confirmation for antigenicity and immunogenicity and evaluated for safety, side effects, challenge protection assay, sterility and humoral response in laboratory animals. Safety test showed no general adverse reactions to the vaccines when injected either into mice or rabbits or cow calves. Challenge protection studies revealed a significantly higher survival rate in vaccinated mice and rabbits compared to placebo groups. None of the vaccines when stre...
Abdul Latif Rind1*, Shahid Hussain Abro1, Rameez Raja Kaleri2,3, Ghulam Mustafa Solangi4, Raza Ali Mangi5, Muhammad Anees Memon6, Depeesh Kumar Bhuptani7, Sana Noor8, Zainab Lanjar9, Zahid Ali Mangrio10 and Abdul Wahid Solangi1
... testing to identify PPR antigens. The analysis of PPR prevalence was carried out according to breed, sex, age, and Taluka. The overall PPR prevalence was found to be 20%, with the highest prevalence rate (50%) observed in Jam Nawaz Ali Taluka and the lowest (7.5%) in Shahdadpur Taluka. The prevalence was higher in goats (30%) than in sheep (10%). Female animals had a higher prevalence than males, with a prevalence of 25% in female goats and 7% in female sheep...
Nguyen Thi Thu Hien1, Dong Huu Rin2, Nguyen Xuan Hoa1, Le Viet Tuan Khanh2, Phung Thang Long1*, Dinh Thi Bich Lan1
...1(DE3), and evaluate its antigenicity as a base for further studies to against M. hyopneumoniae. The gene encoding M. hyopneumoniae P36 protein isolated from DNA of fresh lung tissue samples from PEP infected pigs was cloned into pGEM®-T Easy vector for sequencing, and then was inserted into pET28a vector to express the protein. The cloning result revealed that the gene encoding the M. hyopneumoniae P36 protein was 432 bp in length, and 99.07% similarity t...
Retno Setyaningsih1, Sri Murtini2*, I Wayan Teguh Wibawan2, Surachmi Setiyaningsih2, Ekowati Handharyani3
...ate the presence of RHDV antigen in asymptomatic seroconverted RHDV rabbits in West Bandung District, West Java Province, Indonesia also to see the relevance of seroconversion within rabbit’s profile. Liver, intestines, and faeces were collected purposively from seroconverted rabbits which showed no clinical signs of RHDV. Samples assayed with commercial ELISA Kit using DAS Technique. The informations (age, sex, breed) of antibody titers against RHDV fro...
Iko-Ojo Charity Ikwe Agada, James Agbo Ameh, Olatunde H. Olabode and Martha Echioda-Ogbole*
...sing the SNAP parvovirus antigen detection kit (IDEXX Laboratories, United State). Other disease conditions include helminthiasis 25 (12.7%), canine babesiosis 3 (1.5%), while 37 (18.78%) cases were recorded as canine distemper and other bacterial enteric diseases. Monthly distribution of CPE cases in this study showed significant difference (p<0.05) characterized by high prevalence in the dry season with peak of infections in the month of January. Breed di...
Moustafa A. Zaghloul1*, Mohamed F. Azooz1, Saleh E. Ali1*, Heba M. Soliman1, Maha M. Sayed1, Mohamed H. Kafafy2 and Alaa R. Morsy1
...by manipulating the four antigenic proteins GPCR, RPO30, P32 and EEV. Several bioinformatic methods were employed to find superior epitopes. Fifty-three epitopes passed the three B-cell prediction tools. Twelve promising and top linear B epitopes passed the antigenicity, allergenicity and toxicity tests. Fifty-seven MHC I epitopes were the most promising, while (49) were from MHC II. Thirteen peptides for MHC II were chosen ...
Kanwal Nisa1, Sadia Roshan1, Shazia Shamas1,2*, Raheela Atta Mustafa3, Shamaila Irum1, Kalsoom Sughra4 and Memoona Iqbal1
...marker Prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Prevalence was recorded in Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. Blood samples of normal and prostate cancer males were taken from Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan. Information including age, marital status, smoking, Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), testosterone, and any previous record was obtained with the patient’s consent. Exclusion and inclusion criteria were defined. The samples of control and...
Shawki, Khaled K.; Carter, M.J.; Alnashar, Nariman M., El-Farrashl, Mohamed A. and Taher, Sahar
...ath. Noroviruses form an antigenically diverse group of agents and cross-reactive immunity is poor. These features present a considerable challenge for vaccine development. Current approaches have been based on the use of empty virus-like particles produced by self-assembly of the virus capsid protein. In this study we employed a new approach for engineering stable particles of Hawaii virus capsid protein by deleting those immunodominant regions (P2subdomains)...
Elkalamawyl, I.M.; Elhddadl, S.; Swelim2, M.A.; Hamdy2, S.M. and Fahmy3, Hanan A.•
...epatitis B virus Surface antigen (HBsAg) were characterized. The mutants were isolated from asymptomatic patients who were found to be persistently positive for both I-BsAg and anti-hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) and a long-lasting anti-HBc (core) IgM. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing were performed to surface antigen region and revealed two genotype D mutants 1--1BV. Aligned with known I-BsAg sequence...
Raof*, Amal M. A.; Haleem*, Iman Y.; Aly*, Nawal M.; * *Garhy, M.M. and Hosny***, Gehan A.
...ng of FMD virus by using antigen detection ELISA. The saliva and vesicular lesions of the diseased animals were serotyped as FMD serotype O....
Omarl , Dalia M.; El-Ibiaryl , Elham A.; Sadik2, Atef S.; Abdel-Ghaffar2, Mamdouh. H. and Othman2, Badawy A.
... identified and subtyped antigenically by serological tests using Haemagglutination inhibition test (HI) using standard Al antisera and genetically by RT-PCR using specific primer. All the isolates were confirmed to be H5N1 and grouped according to the year of isolation as 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2010 group isolates. The HA titers of the above mentioned isolates were 6, 7, 8, 7 & 7 respectively. All the isolated Al viruses were titrated in ECE and exami...
Mansour, Abeer E.M.; Khodeir, M.H. and Hussein, A.M.H.•
...DV and complement fixing antigen revealed that CaC12 and MSG induced higher values than that obtained with the blank control batch where Ca C12 potentially facilitate the adsorption and penetration of FMDV to BHK cells increasing the virus attachment to the cell receptors. On the other side, MSG enhanced cell 1 division due to its of amino acid content and accordingly increased the available cell number for virus replication. There will be a need to more resea...
Abo Elmagd l , Enas K.; Abdel-Wahab l , Kouka S.; Alrasheedy l , Zeinab E. and Khalifa2, Ahmed S.
...irus (HCV) including HCV antigen detection in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMNC) lysates, antibodies to HCV core, NS3, NS4 and NS5 epitopes by enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA) in mothers and their infants using serum samples for both mothers and infants plus saliva for infants, in addition to detection of serum HCV- RNA (viremia) by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Also detection of antiHIV IgG class antibodies in mothers' sera...
Abo-Elmagdl , Enas K;El-Mougy2, Hala M. T. and Abd El-Salam 3, Manal
...est for detection of RSV antigen in nasal wash specimens collected from Egyptian infants and young children with the detection of RSV-RNA by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Furthermore, to study the frequency of RSV infection in Egyptian infants and young children during the winter season 2009/2010 and the effect of certain risk factors including age and gender on the extent and impact of RSV infection. The study included 72 infants a...
SHARAW11'2*S S. S. A.; AL-HOFUFY2, A. N. and AL-BLOW12, M. H.
...observed while CPV virus antigen was detected and identified by indirect immune-fluorescent assay (IFAT) in Vero cells. A trial for development of a simple and rapid qualitative Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was applied using primer site belongs to Capripowirus to detect CPV load in prepared tissue samples comparing to inoculated...
El.-Kadyl, M.A.S; Badr2, A.B.; zein3, Saiwa N. and Khalifa4, M.A.A.
...1/1000, respectively.The antigen dilution end point was 1/800. Ribavirin had a higher inhibitory effect (80%) when sprayed at lower concentration (the minimum inhibiting concentration is 0.0001%) before one hr of inoculation. Salicylic acid and Parahydroxy benzoic acid has the same effect (80% reduction) at concentration of 0.01% and 0.1, respectively in the treatments inoculated one hr. after sprays. Six different chemical compounds applied as foliar sprays w...
Hussein, HA; sultan, HA. Al Deeb AH and AA. El-Sanousi
...st using heterologous H5 antigen which represent non of the vaccine antigens. The samples were collected from 578 houses mostly commercial layers. H5Nl viral nucleic acid was also detected in swab samples collected from mortalities occurred in some of vaccinated birds after vaccination policy has been applied in Egypt at March 2006. The viral RNAs of the detected H5Nl circulating viruses between Feb 2006 and Feb 2008 in Shar...
Madbouly, H.M; Orkhan, M.H**; Nagwa El-khoty
...me locality showed minor antigenic variation from those of 2006 and have been located in a new sub-clade from the Egyptian strains of 2006 and all of them are located together in the Euro-African lineage.
...
Abd Elwanis, N.D.; Abou El Khair, M.A.; Afaf H. Amin; Azab, A. and A.O. Abd El Rahman
...e against the H5N2 viral antigen after immunizing 3 weeks old chicken with a dose of 0.3 ml/bird, inoculated subcutaneously (s/c) in the nap of the neck, was fairly enough to evoke the required level of immunity. The approach through which this vaccine could be used as a possible potential vaccine candidate for protection of chickens against the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus has been discussed....
Ahmed Abd El Samie Hassan Ali
...ion and detection of its antigens on MDBK cells using outgrowth ELISA and immunofluorescence as well as measurement of BVDV antibodies by serum neutralization test. Virus antigen detection was reported on days 5 & 7 while the antibodies were initially detected on day....
Hassanein, S.A.*; Ibrahim, A.K**; Mervat, M.M.* and Nahed,K.A.*
... demonstrating the close antigenic relationship between the examined herpesviruses. Using the restriction endonucleases BamHI and EcoRI revealed no difference between the examined five viruses. But by the use of Hindlll restriction endonuclease and RAPD, fingerprint patterns were capable of differentiating the analyzed five viruses by the presence or absence of amplification fragments and showed difference in fragments' sizes. On the basis of RFLP and RAPD com...
Eman, Abo Hatab*; Hussein, HA.; El-Sabagh IM. and Saber, MS.
...isolates were identified antigenically using VP6 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) based antigens capture ELISA that able to detect any group A rotavirus. The viral RNA was extracted from the tissue culture harvest of the propagated viruses and RT-PCR using primers specific for VP6 and VP7 of group A rotaviruses was employed and confirmed the molecular characterization Of the isolates viruses with the correct and expected bands. ...
El-Sabagh, I.M.; Hussein, H.A.; Amer, H.M.; El-Sanousi, A.A.; Reda,I.M. and M.A. Shalaby
...the major neutralization antigen (VP7) of bovine romvirus Nebraska calf diarrhea virus (NCDV) strain in insect cells. The full-length DNA copies of RNA segment 9 (coding for VP7 protein) of NCDV was inserted into a baculovirus transfer vector under the control of the polyhedrin promotor. A recombinant baculovirus carrying the VP7 gene was constucted through homologous recombination between the baculovirus transfer vector carrying the VP7 gene and Autographa ca...
Eman, M. M. Soliman*; Taha, M. M.*;El-Sanousi A,;Shalaby M. S. Wasscl , Youscf Adel*
...ne and on the eluted RVF antigen from the tested vaccine, the master seed RVF virus gave positive band at 800bp but the RVF virus after inactivation and eluted antigen from vaccine didn't give any bands.
... 
