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Lei Chen, Ling Zhu, Zhi-Wen Xu, Wan-Zhu Guo

 

Molecular Genetics of Aichivirus C (Porcine Kobuvirus) in China
...us within the Picornaviridae family and is widely distributed in both healthy and diarrheic pigs from China. Due to the high detection rate in the severe diarrhea in China, Aichivirus C is thought to be a potential pathogeny of pig diarrhea. The review represented the discovery of Aichivirus C in China, and made a brief summary about molecular and epidemiology characterizations of Chinese Aichivirus C strains. Mutiple Aichivirus C strains and Aichivirus C vari...

Hayat Badshah1*, Farman Ullah1, Abid Farid2, Ahmad-U-Rahman Saljoqi1, Sajjad Ahmad3

...yat (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) (a parasitoid of the cotton mealybug) in the Laboratory, it is necessary to know the development capacity of the cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Sternorrhyncha: Pseudococcidae), on different host plants. Such studies would identify the best host plant for its efficient rearing. The present study investigated some basic life table parameters i.e. female life span, adult female we...

Guoyi Li1, Haiyan Tong1, Jiansheng Chen2, Jinliang Wei2, Xiaoming Zhao2, Guoping Zhang2, Zixue Shi2*

E-mail | [email protected]

... the family Flaviviridae. JEV is endemic to many parts of East Asia, Southeast Asia and Australia, where periodic outbreaks take thousands of lives. With rapid globalisation and climatic shift, JEV has started to emerge in previously unaffected areas. Scientific evidences show that JEV would remain a global pathogen and might cause worldwide pandemics. Currently, more research is required to be applied to JEV pathogenesis and antivirus therapy. This r...

Youssef Lhor1*, Mounir Khayli1, Mohamed Bouslikhane2, Mehdi El Harrak3, Ouafaa Fassi Fihri2

Email: [email protected]

...es (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) biting midge vectors from April 2009 to March 2010 in Morocco. In order to assess the implementation of integrated control measures and disease risk analysis, this entomological survey was performed on the risk of transmission of bluetongue virus (BTV) and identification of the main breeding sites of Culicoides. From April 2009 to March 2010, the study was carried out at 14 sites distributed across the country....

Amitha Reena Gomes1, Belamaranahally Muniveerappa Veeregowda2, Sonnahallipura Munivenkatappa Byregowda1, Vinayagamurthy Balamurugan3*

...he family paramyxoviridae is a major threat to small ruminant farming. Global announcement of PPR eradication by 2030 has opened lot of research gaps for the development of vaccines and diagnostics for differentiating infected and vaccinated animals. With the advent of recombinant DNA technology, recombinant protein based vaccines and/or diagnostics are being tested in various heterologous systems across the globe for development of vaccines and/or diag...

Christopher U Orji1*, Ignatius O Onyeocha2, Steven S Shaida3, Peter M Dede4, Bitrus Yakubu5, Elijah E Ella6 and Pam D Luka5

...fly (Diptera: Glossinidae) vector control measures can rely upon knowledge of genetic diversity between species’ population. Two species were studied: Glossina palpalis palpalis and Glossina morsitans submorsitans using two mitochondrial DNA fragment primers- Cytochrome oxidase subunit II (COII) and Cytochrome b (CytB). Twelve samples of laboratory-reared population of each species were used for the study. Sequencing data were used t...

Rashid Mahmood1*, Saima Asad2, Waqar Ahmad1, Ghulam Sarwar1, Muhamamd Khalid Rafique1, Noor Islam1, Ziyad Abdul Qadir1 and Zain Ul Abiden2 

...and Trueman (Acari:Varroidae) populations in honeybee Apis mellifera linguistica (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies in the winter, spring and summer season (2013-14). Four honeybee colonies were exposed to oxalic acid (3.2%), thymol (0.5 g) and formic acid (65%) on screen bottom boards in winter, spring and summer seasons. The fourth group had screen bottom board trays but without any chemical. There was a trend of fallen mean n...

Zuhao Huang1, Feiyun Tu2 and Dianhua Ke1*

.../i>(Coraciiformes: Meropidae) is a bird species of family Meropidae with a very large distribution. The complete mitochondrial genome of Blue-throated Bee-eater M. viridis was determined. The mitogenome is a circular DNA molecule of 18,295 bp and comprises of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes and two control regions CR and CCR, which was first reported in the order Coraciiformes. The overall A+T c...

Zisha Liu1, Na Song1, Takashi Yanagimoto2, Zhiqiang Han3, Bonian Shui3 and Tianxiang Gao3*

... species of gobies (Gobiidae). The mitogenome sequences of O. lacepedii, O. rebecca and

Halide Nihal Açikgöz1*, Serdal Kenan Köse2 and Ali Açikgöz3

 

 

...lin) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) were identified. C. vicina was found in whole year in 2012 and 2015. All of the fly species identified have forensic importance. The highest taxa richness was observed in 2012, in May (307; 73.80%), while the lowest was in March (23; 5.53%). The highest taxa richness was observed in June (544; 21.92%), while the lowest was in January (6; 0.24%) in 2015. Macro and micro climatic factors and biodiversity of the fauna are significant...

Ai Ming Zhou1,2, Guang Wen Liang2, Ling Zeng2, Yong Yue Lu2 and Yi Juan Xu2*

...cta (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) suppress ghost ants Tapinoma melanocephalum (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) through interference competition. However, relatively less testing have been done to evaluate the competition for mutual exploitation between the two ant species in the field. Here, we investigated the interference of the fire ant S. invicta on the interactions between the ghost ant T. melanocephalum and the invasive mealybug ...

Muhammad Khalid Mukhtar*

Haji Muhammad, Zafar Iqbal* and Saira Saleemi

... the exotic family Cichlidae representative of three species (Oreochromis mossambicus, Oreochromis aureus and Oreochromis niloticus) has become well established in the study area. Similarly the population of exotic common carp (Cyprinus carpio) also seems to be established in the Indus River.

...

Muhammad Zahid1, Muhammad Hamid Bashir1*, Bilal Saeed Khan1 and Muhammad Shahid2

...barkeri (Acari: Phytoseiidae) has been proved as an efficient acarine predator of sucking insect pests of different crops. This predator has also been reported from different localities of Pakistan. The main objective of this study was to screen out locally used pesticides i.e., pyriproxyfen, acetamiprid, chlorfenapyr, diafenthiuron and thiacloprid against N. barkeri in order to find its compatibility with some pesticides. Leaf disc arenas were used and leaf d...

Muhammad Imran*, Munir Ahmad, Muhammad Naeem, Muhammad Farooq Nasir, Imran Bodlah, Muhammad Nasir and Umer Ayyaz Aslam Sheikh

...is (L.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) were investigated by using rearing boxes of wood, cardboard and polycarbonate materials on three developmental stages i.e., colony initiation, development and maturation stages under controlled laboratory conditions. Queen oviposition rate was 1.4-fold higher in polycarbonate box compared to wooden and cardboard materials. Early start of egg-laying (first oviposition period) and earlier emergence of first worker were found in poly...

Abdullah Mart1* and Orhan Erman2

...s (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) collected from Bingöl province between May 2003-October 2004 have been described.

...

Giselle R.R. Ayres* and Brandão P.E

...genus from the Coronaviridae family and Nidovirales order. Coronaviruses have a single-stranded positive RNA genome, corresponding to the largest known RNA genome, with about 27kb for AvCoV. The first 5’ two thirds of this genome, correspondent to a wide ORF1 (also called replicase gene), code for non-structural proteins (nsps) that are enrolled in viral transcription, replication and pathogenesis. The last 3’ one-third of the genome codes the four...

Sabri Unal1, ASır Er2, Erol Akkuzu1* and Lubomir Salek3

...s (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and to evaluate its efficacy on Macrosiphum rosae (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Kastamonu, Turkey. Rearing of C. septempunctata was carried out at 21.3±4.00ºC and 78.8±9.44% relative humidity. The first, second, third and fourth larval instars of C. septempunctata consumed 20.3, 54.3, 108.2, and 232.7 M. rosea, respectively. The predation efficacy of the C. septempuncta...

Imed Ben Salem*, Aymen Ben Ibrahim, M’barek Chetoui and Said Nouira

Rashid Ahmed Khan* and Muhammed Naveed

...under) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is a major pest of fruits causing severe losses to the fruit production and quality in Pakistan. Its management has largely relied upon the indiscriminate and injudicious use of conventional insecticides resulting in problem of insecticide resistance, environmental pollution, fruit contamination and health hazards. The major goal of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a bio-insecticide, emamectin benzoate with o...

Oladipo Elijah Kolawole, Oloke Julius Kola and Awoyelu Hilda Elukunbi

...a virus of the Herpesviridae family, and is one of the most common viruses in humans. It is the best known cause of infectious mononucleosis. In acquired immuno-deficient Syndrome patients, several distinct and additional EBV-associated diseases may occur and some forms of malignancies. This study was designed to determine the incidence of EBV in Human immune-deficient virus (HIV)-infected individuals in Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria. Two hundred and seventy ei...

Abdul Baset1, Qun Liu1,*, Muhammad Tariq Hanif1, 2, Baochao Liao1, Aamir Mahmood Memon1,3 and Muhammad Mohsin1

...nes, 1847, Family: Clupeidae), fishery resources from Pakistani waters. The catch and effort data (1994 – 2009) were analyzed by CEDA (catch and effort data analysis) consists of Fox, Schaefer and Pella Tomlinson models and ASPIC (a surplus production model incorporating covariates) contain Fox and Logistic models. The average annual landings of S. longiceps stocks were 38 353 t while the highest and lowest 65 050 t in 1994 and 26 937 t in 2009 was recor...
Waheed Anwar*, Muhammad S. Haider, Ahmad A. Shahid, Hamid Mushtaq, Usman Hameed, Muhammad Zia Ur Rehman and Muhammad Javed Iqbal
...from families Aleyrodidae, Aphididae and Coccidae of the order Hemiptera, suborder Sternorrhyncha, were isolatedfrom three different agroecological zones of Pakistan. Fusarium equiseti, Fusarium solani, Fusarium incarnatum and Fusarium sp. along with other fungi were isolated and characterized morphologically as well as genetically by...
Sumra Ashraf1, Zain ul Abdin1,*, Saqi Kosar Abbas2,Rao Sohail Ahmad Khan3, Muhammad Tahir1, Sehrish Rasool1, Maryam Anwar1 and Fiaz Hussain1
Md. Yeamin Hossain1,*, Md. Alomgir Hossen1, Md. Nasir Uddin Pramanik1, Fairuz Nawer1, Md. Mosaddequr Rahman2, Suraiya Sharmin1, Dalia Khatun1, A. H. Bahkali3, Abdallah M. Elgorban3 and Khairun Yahya4
Muhammad Akbar Khan1,*, Sayyed Ghyour Abbas1, Muhammad Adeeb Babar1, Sabah Kiran1, Ayesha Riaz2 and Muhammad Akhtar1
Jiancheng Zhai, Li Gao, Yanling Xia and Heping Li*
...es carry antlers in Cervidae, and the differences between the antler tips of the two sexes are one of the most interesting scientific mysteries. The objective of this study was to isolate preliminarily differentially expressed genes in antler mesenchyme of both sexes. The genes were detected with three anchored primers and ten random primers using differential display reverse transcription PCR (DDRT-PCR). Five differentially expressed fragments were obtained t...
Zafar Iqbal1* and Muhammad Khurshid2 
...ovirus (Family Geminiviridae), considered as a close relative of TYLCV, and cause severe losses for many economical important crops in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. This is the first report of the use of heterologous polyclonal antibodies (PAbs), raised against a geographically distinct begomovirus, ToLCNDV. The described results have shown to exhibit a many fold increase detection sensitivity and reproducibility hence, can be adopted for rout...
Sehrish Rasool1, Zain ul Abdin1,*, Saqi Kosar Abbas2, Sumra Ashraf1, Maryam Anwer1, Atif Manzoor1, Muhammad Tahir1 and Hoor Shaina1
...mellonella (Pyralidae: Lepidoptera) and Spodotera litura (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) was studied on larval competition, survival and development of a gregarious ectoparasitoid Bracon hebetor (Say.) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). The number of adults, sex ratio and size of emerging adults were recorded. Smaller and larger host species were used to determine the survival potent...

 Saqib Ali1, Suliman Ali1, Lina1, Wen Zhou1, Muhammad Irfan Waris1, Ashfaq Ali2 and Man Qun Wang1,*

... Beetles in the Cerambycidae family have implicit increasing importance as pests of green forest in addition to shade trees, shrubs, and pink wood products as well as vectors of tree ailments. The alien species related to hardwood packing substances have been remarkable tree destroyers in the urban and semi-urban areas of China. In forests flora and fauna inhabitant species take action against disturbances, for instance fires in addition to windstorms, and sta...

Neerja Agrawal, Mukesh Srivastava, Akhilesh Tripathi and Amrendra Singh

Survey and monitoring of pests, parasites and predators of pulse crops in central and eastern Uttar Pradesh
...hereas Campoletis chlorlidae was recorded as natural enemy feeding on H. armigera larvae. In pigeonpea crop, mainly H. armigera, leaf webber Grapholita (Cydia) critica, Myllocerus spp, spotted pod borer Maruca testulalis, plume moth Exelastis atomosa, tur pod bug Clavigralla gibbosa, jassid Amrsca bigutulta, termite Odontotermes spp, green bug Nezara viridula, tur podfly Melanogromyza obtusa, blue butterfly Lampides boeticus, cow bug Tricentrus bicolor and Pen...

K.N. Ahmed, S.H.A. Pramanik, M. Khatun A. Nargis M. R. Hasan

Efficacy of plant extracts in the suppression of insect pests and their effect on the yield of sunflower crop under different climatic conditions
...s (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) severely attacked the foliages and florets in the capitulum (inflorescence). Other pests encountered were Spilosoma obliqua (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae),Homoeosoma sp. (Lepidoptera: Phyticidae),Heliothis armigera (Hb.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Monolepta signata(Oliv.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae...

M.K. Pandit,P. K. Pal and B. K. Das

Effect of date of sowing on flowering and incidence and damage of melon fruit fly in snap melon Cucumis melo var.momordica genotypes
...illett),Diptera: Tephritidae] infected fruits were recorded.Snap melon being a monoecious and warmth loving crop, tends to bear increasing number of female flowers with time; days to first female flower gradually lessened from the first to the third sowing, which signify longer fruiting period from the first to the third sowing. The infestation level of fruit fly has been found to be higher in March sowing than the other two sowing dates, irrespective of the g...

1Parvin Noor and 2Md. Nashir Uddin

Morphological changes of different castes of the subterranean termites (Odontotermes proformosanus) in fungus combs of termitophiles
...-align: justify;">Termitidae is the largest family of termites. The workers of the subfamily Macrotermitinae have the extra-ordinary phenomena of making fungus combs inside the termitophiles. Considering the consistency of fungus-bed in the termitophiles, an attempt has been made to observe the morphological changes of nymphs while they stayed within the fungus comb. Biological attributes indicated that Odontotermes proformosanus are polymorphic in nature and ...

K.N. Ahmed and M.R. Hasan

Sudden outbreak of mealy bug and armoured scale causing severe damage to economic crops in Bangladesh
...) (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae) has been noticed in Bangladesh. It is mainly a pest of citrus and coffee crops but now it has become polyphagous in nature. Based on laboratory studies on immature and mature fruits of lady's finger; the total period of all four nymphal stages lasted for 32.6 ± 4.17 days at an average room temperature of 28 ± 2ºC and 70-75% RH during September, 2009. Male mealybug has a short life span of 3.0 ± 0.21 days....

Bijan Kumar Das

Incidence of Aleurocanthus spp. (Aleyrodidae: Hemiptera) on betelvine (Piper betle L.) and their interaction with host plants
...us rugosa Singh (Aleyrodidae: Hemiptera) is a major pest causing severe damage to the foliage in the conservatories (borojas) of West Bengal. The seasonal incidence of A. rugosa in boroja was recorded during 2003-2004. A. rugosa adults were active in the boroja throughout the year with two peaks, one in pre-monsoon and another in post-monsoon i.e., period prior initiation of winter season. During the faunastic survey in betelvine, a new species of Aleurocanthu...

Nilesh Suresh Gole and Bijan Kumar Das

Biology of Dichromia sagitta (Fabricius) (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera), a serious pest of Indian ipecac, Tylophora indica
...gitta (Fabricius) (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera). A study was conducted in the field and laboratory of All India Coordinated Research Project on Medicinal & Aromatic Plants and Betelvine (AICRP on MAPB) at Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya (BCKV), Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal during 2010-2011 on seasonality, extent of damage and biologoy of D. sagitta on T. indica. The larvae were active almost throughout the year, fed voraciously on leaves and flowers causing...

Amitava Konar, Kiran A. More and Pradip Mondal

Efficacy of some insecticides against cutworm and molecricket of potato in West Bengal
...is ipsilon Hufner; Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) and molecricket (Gryllotalpa africana P. de Beau; Gryllotalpidae: Orthoptera) infesting potato at Adisaptagram Block Seed Farm, Mogra, Hooghly, West Bengal (India) during 2007-08 and 2008-09. The field trial was conducted in Randomized Block Design with six treatments and five replications. Among the various treatments for managing soil pests of potato (cv. Kufri Bahar) i.e. cutworm...

M. A. Al-Helal, K. N. Ahmed, N-E-P. Khanom, and S. Bulbul 

Observations on papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus Williams & Willink (Hemiptera : Pseudococcidae) damag-ing some crops in Bangladesh
...to the Family Pseudococcidae was recorded from immature, mature papaya fruits and foliages from BCSIR Vegetable Garden during March, 2011. It is a small polyphagous insect pest sucking saps from the attacking fruits and leaves. P. marginatus passes through egg and three nymphal stages to become adult. Generally, three and four nymphal instars occur in case of female and male mealybug, respectively. The adults are most active in warm, dry and humid weather. The...

Goutam Samui and S. Jha

Biology, seasonal incidence and management of Apsylla cistellata Bucton. on mango in West Bengal
...cistellata Bucton.(Psyllidae: Hemiptera) is the most important one in the district of Malda and Murshidabad, West Bengal. Adult females of the pest had been found to lay eggs at the sides of midribs during first week to end of March. Incubation period lasted from first week of March to middle of August. Eggs hatched in the middle of August and gall formation had been found to start from first week of September. Nymphal period lasted from mid of August to end o...
P.P. Ghosh*, A. Chakraborty, S.K. Bhattacharya, C. Ghosh, B. Mahato and M.K. Bhattacharjya
...p.(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is the major stored grain pest of blackgram under homestead condition resulting 15 – 30% grain damage during storage. An attempt was made to identify a practical and low cost solution of such damage with the active participation of village women responsible for the storage. Proven biological, chemical and botanical (vegetable oil) approaches of management were tested against traditional practice and replicated among 10 diffe...
Muhammad Ashfaq,1 Shamim Akhtar,2 Saleem Akhtar2,* and Mariyam Masood2
...> (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is an invasive and major pest on cotton. Aenasius bambawalei (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) is an effective parasitoid of mealybug and has been the backbone of the biological control program of cotton mealybug in Pakistan, but its multiplication for inundative releases has been impacted by a hyperparasitoid, Promuscidea unfasciativentris Girault (Hymenoptera: Aphelini
Muzafar Shah1,*, Mian Sayed Khan1, Muhammad Ather Rafi2, Habib Ahmed3 and James M. Carpenter4
...position in the Vespidae family.
...
Ghulam Abbas1,Asif Nadeem1,*, Masroor Ellahi Babar2, Tanveer Hussain2, Muhammad Sajid Tahir3, Wasim Shehzad1, Rajput Zahid Iqbal3, Muhammad Tayyab1 and Maryam Javed1
...longs to the family Cervidae. The hog deer is one of the least studied species at molecular level in Pakistan. The present study was planned to investigate its molecular phylogeny and diversity analysisusing mitochondrial cytochrome b, cytochrome c and d-loop region. Samples werecollected from different localities. After DNA extraction and quantification, amplification of gene was done by polymerase chain reaction. PCR products were sequen...
Kanwer Shahzad Ahmed1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1,*, Muhammad Ather Rafi2, Fatima Sellami3 and Muhammad Afzal1
...ellid beetles (Coccinellidae; Coleoptera) are voracious predators of many insect pests of economic importance. Among 6,000 species of coccinellids described worldwide, only 75 species have been reported from Pakistan so far. Keeping in view the limited work on these important beetles, an extensive faunal survey was conducted in the district Sargodha (32°05’02’’ N and 72°40’18’’ E), Pakistan to assess the species rich...
Muhammad Abdullah1,*, Rashid A. khan2, Muhammad Rafay3, Tanveer Hussain3, Tahira Ruby4,Fariha Rehman5, Sangam Khalil3 and Sohail Akhtar6
...cific with no other ardeidae members nesting in the neighborhood. They prefer sites for nest building, which have regular accessibility of water, and usual human activities are common nearby. The breeding period was discerned to be start from April to August and Acacia nilotica was observed as most preferred tree for nesting followed by Syzygium cuminii. At three selected sites, 30 nests from each were marked and regularly monitored to get data o...

Muhammad Amin1*, Khalid Mahmood2, Imran Bodlah3, Muhammad Rahim Khan2 

Wanchao Zhu1, Qinguo Wei1, Shuyu Xue1, Huanxin Zhang2, Tianshu Lv1 and Honghai Zhang1,
Zuhao Huang*, Meifang Li, Rujue Ruan and Jiawei Qin
...on and variation of Ardeidae mitochondrial DNA control region, the control region genes of 20 species were analyzed. All the Ardeidae species had duplicate control regions, except four species having only single region. The control region spans the region between the genes for tRNAGlu - tRNAPhe in the most Ardeidae species. The length of the control region sequences r...
Asad Abdullah1, Muhammad Irfan Ullah1,*, Muhammad Waqar Hassan2,    Samina Khalid3, Yasir Iftikhar4, Muhammad Arshad1 and Jaime Molina-Ochoa5,6
...ius, (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) and Amrasca biguttula Ishida, (Homopter: Cicadellidae) infesting Bt and non-Bt cotton cultivars. Foliar application of neem seed, Azadirachta indica extract was applied upon reaching economic threshold levels of B. tabaci and A. biguttula. The insect pest population was recorded 24 hours before and 24h, 72h and 168h after spray. Maximum reduction of 60.2...
Muhammad Abu Bakar1, Muhammad Anjum Aqueel1, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1, Muhammad Irfan Ullah1,*, Muhammad Arshad1, Mubasshir Sohail1,2 and Jaime Molina-Ochoa3,4
Asim Gulzar1,*, Ather Maqsood1, Munir Ahmed1, Muhammad Tariq1, Muhammad Ali2 and Rahmatullah Qureshi3

Attaullah Ansari* and Nasreen Memon 

...verflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) fauna were studied in five different habitats of various localities of central Sindh during March to December 2015. Adult specimens were captured/trapped through Malaise trap, Yellow pan water trap and insect hand net. As a result, a total of 783 specimens belonging to 8 species, 6 genera of two subfamilies were collected, among which Episurphusbaltatus, De Geer, Eritalinus aeneus, Scopoli, and Ischiodon scutellaris, Fabriciu...
Muhammad Khaled Siddiq1, Ayesha Riaz2, Muhammad Akbar Khan1, Muhammad Adeeb Babar1, Khalid Mahmood1,* and Muhammad Akhtar1
...aphus (Mammalia, Bovidae) material is excavated from Pabbi Hills of Sardhok, northern Pakistan. Recently excavated bovid material in the Pleistocene locality of Sardhok (Punjab, Pakistan) includes dentition that provides a better knowledge of the taxon morphology, and this material expands our anatomical knowledge of this taxon. Boselaphus namadicus is spanning from about 3.4 to 0.6 Ma in the Siwalik Group. The Pleistocene species, Boselaphus
Medeni Aykut
... genera of family Dytiscidae were recorded, of which 37 were new to the study area. Eretes sticticus (Linnaeus, 1767) is the second record for Turkish fauna. Furthermore, Hydroporus inscitus Sharp, 1882 is new record for the Turkish fauna.
...
Ajmal Khan Kassi1,*, Humayun Javed1 and Tariq Mukhtar2
...ner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is one of the most economically important and widespread pests of okra and causes worldwide yield losses. The pest is mainly controlled by chemicals which cause deleterious effects to human, livestock and environment. To dispense with the detrimental consequences of chemicals, use of resistant cultivars can prove one of the effective and reliable alternative approaches for the management of this pest. As the information regarding...
Ümit Kumbıçak, Zübeyde Kumbıçak* and Gülnare Huseynli
...d for the family Hersiliidae. Both autosomes and sex chromosomes were acrocentric. The lengths of the chromosomes indicated no significant difference between autosomal pairs, however, X3 was the smallest chromosome but X1 and X2 were intermediate in the karyotype.
...
Muhsan Ali Kalhoro1,2, Danling Tang1,*, Ye Hai Jun1, Morozov Evgeny1, Sufen Wang1 and Muhammad Aslam Buzdar
Hayat Badshah1, Farman Ullah1, Paul-André Calatayud2, Hidayat Ullah3 and Bashir Ahmad1
...ernorrhyncha: Pseudococcidae) is a highly polyphagous pest of fruits, vegetables, crops and ornamentals in Pakistan. Biological control approach by using Aenasius bambawalei Hayat(Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) has been developed recently to control this pest. However, the efficiency of this parasitoid is variable according to the locality and the plants on which P. solenopsis is feeding. In this context, this...
Sayyed Ghyour Abbas1, Muhammad Adeeb Babar1,*, Muhammad Akbar Khan1, Kiran Aftab2, Ayesha Riaz3, Abdul Ghaffar4 and Muhammad Akhtar1
Rana Fartab Shoukat1, Shoaib Freed1,*, Kanwar Waqas Ahmad1 and Ateeq-ur-Rehman2
...iens (Diptera: Culicidae), is most common agent for transferring a mass of pathogens i.e., West Nile Virus (WNV), avian pox virus (APV) etc. in rural and urban areas. To mitigate these problems study was conducted by using binary mixtures of entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana (isolates Bb-01, Bb-10), Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae (isolate Ma-11.1, Ma-2.4)and Isaria fumosorosea (isolates If-2.3, If-02) and...

Naila Riaz1 , Hafiz Muhammad Tahir2* , Khizar Samiullah3

...amulus (Scorpiones: Buthidae) against Rhopalosiphum erysimi (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in the laboratory. R. erysimi were treated orally as well as topically with different concentrations of the crude venom. All aphids died within 6 hr with oral treatment at 1.5µl of the venom dose. However, at the same venom dose, 100% mortality was achieved at 8 hr posttreatment when applied topically. Similarly, oral administration of 1...
Qingying Jia1, Hui Wang1, Tianhong Wang1, Na Dong1, Shuguang Ren1,2, Xiaolong Yang1, Jingze Liu1,* and Zhijun Yu1,3,*

 Hafiz Muhammad Tahir*, Arooj Zaheer and Rabia Yaqoob

...b-weaver spider of Araneidae family. Evident inhibition of fungal growth was observed on bread treated with web silk of N. theisi as compared to untreated control. It is concluded that silk of N. theisi possess antifungal property.

...
Yunjun Yan, Zhenming Lü, Tianming Wang, Yongjiu Chen, Jingwen Yang, Baoying Guo, Lihua Jiang, Changwen Wu and Liqin Liu*
Tahira Kamal1*, Saeed-Ul-Hassan Khan2, Amir Bin Zahoor3, Khalid Naeem3, Muhammad Naeem Riaz1, Siddra Tayyab Akhtar4, Ghulam Muhammad Ali1*
...us, member of Picornaviridae. It has seven serotypes with no cross protection among these. FMD is responsible for heavy economic losses in cattle and buffalo. So rapid and accurate diagnosis of FMD is uttermost need of this time. Several lab.techniques are developed for rapid detection of FMD but these are expensive and time consuming. Elisa, cell culture, Reverse Transcriptase (RT-PCR) and real time PCR need specific high quality equipments in lab. Whereas La...

Bashir Ahmad1*, Ahmad-Ur-Rahman Saljoqi1, Hayad Zada2, Shahid Sattar1, Toheed Iqbal3, Saddam Hussain1 and Muhammad Saeed4 

Haixia Liu, Yuwei Ye, Yang Li, Xiaolin Liu, Dongmei Xiong* and Lixin Wang
...sinlingensis (Salmonidae) is an indigenous and endangered cold-water fish in Tsinling mountain, China, and only is distributed as spot in the Weihe River and Hanjiang River among Tsinling mountain, To access relationship of populations from the two rivers and the genetic diversity of wild population, 11 microsatellite loci were firstly used to evaluate the genetic characterization using 120 samples from 2 tributaries (ZZ and LX populations) of the Weihe ri...
Jaime Molina-Ochoa1, 2, 6,*, Edelmira Galindo-Velasco2, Ana María Rosales-Gutiérrez2, Martín González-Ramírez3, Roberto Lezama-Gutiérrez3, Wilberth Chan-Cupul3, Steven R. Skoda4, Muhammad Irfan Ullah5, Luis Jorge García-Márquez2 and  John E. Foster6
...he families Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae was conducted in the municipality of Tecomán, Colima, Mexico in an effort to obtain alternative controls for cattle ticks. Soil cores from grasslands were baited with last instars of the great wax moth (GWM), Galleria mellonella L., and an EPN isolate was obtained, it belonged to the genus Heterorhabditis and identified as JMO71. The nematodes were culti...
Xia-Lin Zheng1, Pan Wang2, Jun-Yan Liu1, Yu-Jing Zhang1, Jun Li1 and Wen Lu1,*

 Rizwana Sultan*, Javed Khan, Ehsan ul Haq, Tariq Mehmood**, Roshan Zada Khattak***, and Naheed Akhtar**

BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF TRICHOGRAMMA CHILONIS ISHII (TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE: HYMENOPTERA) FEEDING ON SITOTROGA CEREALELLA EGGS AT THREE CONSTANT TEMPERATURES
...nis Ishii (Trichogrammatidae: Hymenoptera) feeding on grain moth, Sitotroga cereallela eggs at three constant temperatures and five different ages of host eggs at Insect Pest Management Programme, National Agricultural Research Centre, (NARC) Islamabad. The results revealed that maximum rate of parasitism was 95.70 ± 1.94 at 28 ± 1 °C while minimum was 61.30 ± 1.70 at 32 ± 1 °C. Maximum adult emergence and female ratio from ...

 Shahid Ali*, Anjum Shehzad*, Muhammad Ather Rafi* and Ahmed Zia*

INSECT POLLINATORS OF LITCHI ( ) FROM DISTRICT HARIPUR, PAKISTAN
...optera. Family Calliphoridae, Muscidae, Sarcophagidae and Syrphidae, represented the order Diptera, while families, Andrenidae, Apidae, Halictidae and Vespidae belonged to order Hymenoptera.

...

 Nazir Ahmad*, Sultan Ayaz*, Sumaira Shams**, Karimullah*** and Riaz Ahmad****

PREVALENCE AND MORPHOLOGY OF HELMINTH PARASITES OF FISH FROM RIVER SWAT, KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA
...s, Nippotaenia, Cucullanidae, Proteocephalus, Rhabdochona charsaddiensis, Rhabdochona schizothoracis and Neoechynorhynchus devdevi. They were identified by morphological characteristics through microscopic techniques. Overall prevalence of the fish parasites was 58% (145/250). Among these Schizothorax plageostomus fish 93.04% (107/115), Schizothorax labiatus 61.11% (33/54), Salmo trutta fario 17.85% (05/28), Gara gotyla 0% (0/09), Rita rita 0% (0/25) and Oncor...

 Riaz Hussain*, Muhammad Riaz**, Mushtaq A. Saleem*** and Muhammad Ishaque Mastoi**

BIOCHEMICAL ABNORMALITIES INDUCED BY ABAMECTIN IN SIXTH INSTAR LARVAE OF THE RED FLOUR BEETLE, TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM (HERBST)
...) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) larvae in the laboratory. The objective was to examine changes in production or activities of carboxylesterase (CE), total esterases (TE), alpha-amylase, glucoamylase, alkaline phosphatase (AkP), acidic phosphatase (AcP), total protein, soluble protein and free amino acids (FAA). The sixth instar larvae of T. castaneum were released and exposed for 48h without food on abamectin treated glass petri dishes. The surviving ones were t...

 Riaz Hussain*, Muhammad Riaz** and Mushtaq A. Saleem***

TOXICITIES OF AZADIRACHTIN AND POLYCHLORINATED PETROLEUM HYDROCARBON AGAINST RESISTANT AND SUSCEPTIBLE STRAINS OF TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM (COLEOPTERA: TENEBRIONIDAE) ADULTS
...) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) adult beetles were determined through filter paper impregnated method against azadirachtin (Nimbokil 60 EC) and polychlorinated petroleum hydrocarbon (Tenekil 100 EC). The LC values of these insecticides were worked out as 12830 and 50 9331 ppm for azadirachtin and 5148 and 4047 ppm for Tenekil 100 EC against PAK and FSS-II strains, respectively. The results revealed that polychlorinated petroleum hydrocarbon was more toxic than t...

 Syed Waqar Shah* and Muhammad Ather Rafi*

PIERID (LEPIDOPTERA: PIERIDAE) PESTS AND THEIR NEW CRUCIFERS HOSTS IN POTHWAR REGION OF PAKISTAN
...mong above reported Pieridae species is reported for the first time however, is also a new record from districts Rawalpindi and Chakwal and from Jhelum, Rawalpindi and Chakwal. However, the non-cultivated host plants in the region were , , and . Among noncultivated hosts was the new host for . C. was found common host for , and from the study area. Among non-cultivated host plants was found for and for and . All the non-cultivated host plants were new records ...
Dachuan Cheng1,2, Md Mahbubul Hassan3, Zhenhua Ma1, 2, 3,*, Qibin Yang1 and Jian G. Qin3
...ies of the family Lutjanidae. This study describes the skeletal ontogeny and anomalies of crimson snapper Lutjanus erythropterus larvae and juveniles from hatching to 36 day-post hatching (DPH). Mandible, ceratobranchial, cleithrum and gill arches were the initial skeletal structures appeared at 3 DPH that supported the vital life functions such as feeding and respiration. Ossification of premaxilla and maxilla and dentary started at 3.21 ± 0.25 ...
Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1,2,*, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza2, Muhammad Afzal2,Hafiz Salah-ud-Din2, Imtiaz Sarwar2, Muhammad Yahya2 and Khurram Shehzad3
...mum values. Ants (Formicidae) (10-40%), beetles (Carabidae and Staphylinidae) (14-28%), spiders (Araneae) (5-18%) and earthworms (Lumbricidae) (2-20%) were the most abundant and more active, hence, were more captured in pitfall traps in summer season. Termites (isopteran) and earthworms were more captured in monoliths. By and large, macroinvertebrate fau...
Mubashar Hussain, Muhammad Faheem Malik, Sehreen Siddique, Muhammad Umar, Tamkeen Zainab, Fatima Zafar
...s (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), sampleswere collected from rainfed and irrigated fields of Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan during 2015-2016. Adult specimens were collected fortnightly from crops, weeds and shrubs from randomly selected locations i.e. Dolat Nagar, Lala Musa, Jalalpur Jatan, Guliyana, Fateh Pur and Kunjah. Analysis of specimens indicated a representation of 14 species, 6 genera and 3 sub families across all sites. Maximum abundance was noticed for Co...
Archana Naithani, Pongthep Suwanwaree* and Bartosz Nadolski
...ut of 35 Families, Sturnidae and Sylviidae hadthe highest number of species (5 species each).Six simple dietary guilds were observed during the present study; the maximum number of species belonged to insectivore group and minimum to nectarivore. Analysis of data revealed that the average of species diversity index of the avian community (H’)during the study period was 3.88. Using the Berger-Parker dominance value, we ...
Muhammad Khalid Mukhtar1,*, Hummaira Iqbal1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir2, Haseena Ghulam Muhammad1 and Muhammad Irfan1
Baoying Guo*1, Yu Chen1, Chuan Zhang2, Zhenming Lv1, Kaida Xu3, Hongling Ping4 and Huilai Shi4
... phylogeography for Sepiidae species.
...
Gulnaz Malik1, Abdul Qadir1 and Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan2,*
...i>(Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is an important pest of stored grains including wheat, maize and rice. Although insecticides are used for the management of this pest, successful management could be compromised by prevailing environmental temperature since it has a significant effect on the toxicities of insecticides. The focus of the present study was to evaluate the effect of post-treatment temperature on the toxicity of four insecticides viz., spinosad...
Adel A. Basyouny Shahin,1,* Amira M. Metwally Mohamed2 and Abd El-Reheem A. El Shatter2

 

Wael S. El-Tohamy1,*, Russell R. Hopcroft2 and Nagwa E.M. Abdel Aziz3
...y the calanoid paracalanidae and the harpacticoid Euterpina acutifrons. In the lower salinity transects, the tintinnid Favella serrata dominated the estuary midstream, together with several rotifer species in the estuary upstream. The juvenile copepods and the cyclopoid Oithona spp. together with the numerically dominant polychaete and cirriped larvae seemed little affected by salinity gradients.
...
Ayesha Iftikhar1,*, Muhammad Asif Aziz1, Muhammad Naeem1, Munir Ahmad1 and Tariq Mukhtar2
...s (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is an important predator of cotton mealy bug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). Understanding the effect of temperature variations on its demography and predation rate is necessary to predict the population dynamics of this beetle against cotton mealy bug. Age-stage, two sex life tables of zigzag beetle were constructed at three different temperature regimes: 24 ...
Xia Lin Zheng1, Zhen Hua Xian1, Zhen De Yang2, Xiu Hao Yang3 and Wen Lu1,*
...dges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) have been investigated on Castanopsis hystrix Miq. (Fagales: Fagaceae) in Pubei County of Guangxi, China were investigated from December 2012 to December 2013. Jaapiella sp. damaged leaves, while Contarinia sp. damaged stems and leafstalks. The damage ratio and the index of Jaapiella sp. in December 2012, March, July and December 2013 were 9.7±2.0%, 14.8±1.9%, 24.1±1.5%, 12.3±...

G. Venkatesan* and Amit Kumar  

...PV) of the family poxviridae produces a typical papillomatous, cauliflower like external growth around mouth regions and rarely the lesions are found in other parts of the body and internal organs. Another characteristic feature of ORFV including other PPVs is the ability to re-infect the same host and conferring short term immunity in contrast to other pox viruses and also produce localized skin lesions in humans who are in contact with infected animals and t...
Zisha Liu1, Na Song1, Takashi Yanagimoto2, Zhiqiang Han3, Bonian Shui3 and Tianxiang Gao3,*
... species of gobies (Gobiidae). The mitogenome sequences of O. lacepedii, O. rebecca and Odontamblyopus sp. were all circular double-strand molecules, 17245 bp, 17009 bp and 17004 bp long, respectively. Compared with other bony fishes, the three species shared the similar features in gene arrangements, base composition and tRNA structure. The control region spanned 1571 bp, 1336 bp and 1332 bp in O. lacepedii, O. rebecca and <...
Habib-ur-Rehman1*, Saima Mirza1*, Mansoor-ul-Hasan2, Qurban Ali3, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir4, Muhammad Yasir5
Nevran Eylem Akman Gündüz1,* and Özgür Özcan2
... (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) was examined. G. mellonella larvae were fed with a synthetic diet. The effects of GA3 on the hemolymph content of these larvae were tested through a diet incorporation assay. Different concentrations (2, 5, 10, 50, 100, 200, 500 and 1000 mg/L) of GA3 were added to the synthetic diet and protein, lipid, carbohydrate and glycogen levels in the hemolymph were evaluated for the GA3 concentration...
Jam Nazeer Ahmad1,2,*, Rashid Mushtaq1, Samina Jam Nazeer Ahmad1,2, Sumaira Maqsood3, Ishita Ahuja4 and Atle M. Bones4
...cius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a destructive pest of various field crops and vegetables in Pakistan. Development of biopesticide is an attractive strategy to minimize the problems of pest resistance, environmental pollution and human health concerns. The isolates of S. litura nucleopolyhedroviruses (SltNPV) were collected from infected larvae fed on natural cotton crops. The NPV was isolated from the larvae and viral occlusion bodies (VOBs) were detec...
Zain ul Abidin1, Aisha Khatoon2, Abdul Whab Manzoor1,*, Nida Arooj1, Sajjad Ali1 and Muhammad Numan1
...> infection of Rhabdoviridae family, is a potential neurotropic disorder affecting all mammals and humans. This infection spreads through biting of infected and/or carrier animals to healthy ones including humans. Incubation period of this infection is quite variable ranging from a few days which can last up to one year in few cases. This case report presents the diagnosis and screening of suspected rabies samples of cow and mule. Clear behavioral changes alon...

Ocheme Julius Okojokwu1*, Maryam Bisola Adebayo2, Bashiru Shafa Abubakar3, Ibrahim Abubakar Yusuf2 and Joseph Aje Anejo-Okopi1  

...r of the family Parvoviridae. It can be transmitted congenitally from an infected mother to the foetus. The virus has been implicated in hydrops foetalis, spontaneous abortion, aplastic crisis and acute symmetric polyarthropathy. The present study was carried out to determine the seroprevalence of Human Parvovirus B19 IgG and IgM antibodies and to determine the risk factors associated with acquisition of the virus. A total of 326 blood samples were collected f...

Kiran Aftab1,*,Muhammad Asim2, Muhammad Khalil Nawaz2, M. Adeeb Babar2, Muhammad Akbar Khan2 and Zaheer Ahmed3 

Mohsin Iqbal1, Farid Asif Shaheen1*, Farah Naz2, Muhammad Usman Raja2, Muhammad Fiaz3 and Muhammad Nadeem1 

Mouslim Bara1,2,* and Luciano N. Segura3
...munity structure of Rallidae and Anatidae families in the northeastern Algerian Garaet Hadj Tahar for three consecutive years (September 2012 to August 2015). We studied the effect of air temperature and water depth on bird abundance and two ecological diversity indices (Shannon and Shannon E). Significant inter-annual fluctuations in bird abundance were recorded. Maximum values were always recorded during autumn. Water dept...

Shoaib Nawaz1, Muhammad Razaq1, Zahid Mahmood Sarwar1*, Muhammad Sajjad1*, Syeda Aneeza Ubaid1, Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar2 and Usman Haider

Tariq Mahmood1,*, Ijaz Ahmad1, Faraz Akrim1, Abdul Hamid1, Muhammad Waseem1, Abid Hussain1 and Muhammad Sajid Nadeem2
...e bird of family Phasianidae. In Pakistan it occurs in a wide range of rough, sloping and dry regions rising to the higher foothill valleys of the internal Himalayan ranges and western Himalayas and plains, Balochistan, and dry hillsides of the Punjab and Sindh. It is the “National Bird” of Pakistan, however, very little is known about its ecology and breeding in its native range in the north of the country. The present study investigated breeding ...

 Phong Huy Pham

Nesting biology of a spider wasp Auplopus sp. (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) in Vietnam
...teropoda, family Sparassidae. Developmental time of egg, larva, pre-pupa, pupa, and pre-adult was 6 - 7, 13 - 14, 5 - 7, 41 - 43, and 3 - 4 days, respectively. The duration of egg to adult development ranged from 68 to 75 days.

...

 Muhammad Tahir Waseem, Muhammad Awais Sarwar, Rana Manzoor Ahmad, Abdul Majid Khan*

Newly discovered fossil remains of Selenoportax vexillarius from Hasnot, locality of Siwaliks of Pakistan
...mber of Boselaphini (Bovidae) which belong to an extinct genus Selenoportax. All the samples are collected from well exposed strata of Late Miocene of Hasnot, district Jehlum, Pakistan. All The specimens are identified and characterized on the basis of morphometric comparison and morphological similarities and described as Selenoportax vexillarius. The molars have divergent styles and moderately developed median basal pillars while the crown in all specimens i...

 Tasneem Ikram1, Asmat Salamat2, Muhammad Akbar Khan2, Muhammad Adeeb Babar*2, Khalid Mahmood2, Rabia Shahid2, Muhammad Akhtar2

Additional Fossils of Sivalhippus perimensis (Mammalia, Equidae) from the Late Miocene Siwaliks of Pakistan

 Haji Muhammad1, Zafar Iqbal1, Tanveer Akhlaq2

Length-weight, length-length relationships and condition factor of fishes of family cyprindae from the Indus River, Pakistan
...species of family cyprinidae. Fish samples were
collected on a monthly basis from August 2013 to July 2014 at Taunsa barrage from the Indus River, Punjab,
Pakistan. The values of parameter b for LWRs ranged from 2.16 – 4.10 suggesting the isometric and allometric
growth pattern in fishes of family cyprinidae. The results of K factors ranged from 0.645 – 1.836 also determine both
negati...

 Muhammad Moosa Abro1, Ali Murtaza Dharejo2, Muhammad Munif Khan2, Nadir Ali Birmani2, Saima Naz2*

Description of first record of Petasiger exaeretus Dietz, 1909 (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) in avian host from Pakistan.

 Saima Naz*, Adil Ali Rajpar, Abdul Hameed Chandio

New Records of some Phthiraptera (chewing lice) of birds from urban areas of Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan
... included family Menoponidae and Philopteridae respectively were reported from different localities of Hyderabad city.
It was the first chewing lice survey that has been carried out in the region, which reported eight species of
Menoponidae and eleven species of Philopteridae. These species were Campanulotes compar (Burmeister, 1838),
...

 Bushra Siyal1, Sanjota Nirmal Das1, Rafia Rehana Ghazi2, Aly Khan3

Heterotestophyes gibsoni sp.n. (Trematoda: Heterophyidae) from the bird little tern (Sternula albifrons) in Sindh, Pakistan

 Zafar Iqbal1, Muhammad Farooq Nasir1, Imran Bodlah1*, Rahmatullah Qureshi2, Ayesha Aihetasham3

Notes on three morphs of Bulaea lichatschovii (Hummel) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from Northern Pakistan

Muhammad Asghar Hassan1, Imran Bodlah1* , Ayesha Aihetasham2 

First record of the oriental species, Saltella setigera Brunetti, 1909 (Diptera: Sepsidae) from Pakistan

 Halil Erhan Eroğlu

The comparison of the Felidae species with karyotype symmetry/asymmetry index (S/AI)
...ex is applied to the Felidae species. After a comprehensive literature search,
karyotype formulae, S/AI values and karyotype types of 23 species were
determined. According to the S/AI values, a phylogenetic tree was drawn showing
relationships among the species.

...
Muhammad S. Waqas, Ali A.Z. Shoaib, Xinlai Cheng, Qianqian Zhang, Asem S.S. Elabasy and Zu-hua Shi*
...y (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), is an invasive, polyphagous pest species. Reproductive biology of this mealybug species is poorly known, which hinders the development of an effective management program. In this study, the reproductive mode, male’s mating capacity, influence of female’s age and density on male’s mating capacity, as well as the influence of copulation on female’s longevity were investigated under the laboratory condition. ...

Muhammad Shahzad Akbar, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed* and Muhammad Afzal 

...obesus (Isoptera: Termitidae), one of the most economic subterranean termite species in Indo-Pak region. Label-recommended dose rates of insecticides were tested against worker termites using modified filter paper disc method according to completely randomized design. All insecticides caused significant mortality of termites as compared to control treatment. Formulations of chlorantraniliprole, chlorfenapyr and pyriproxyfen exhibited maximum termite mortality,...
Aiguo Zhou1,3,4, Shaolin Xie1,4, Zhenlu Wang1, Lanfen Fan1, Yanfeng Chen2, QiaoYe1, Fang Zeng1 and Jixing Zou1,*

 

...nakehead. For the Chnannidae family, the average genetic distances of Cyt b gene was 0.171 (ranged 0.000 to 0.248) with the inter-species genetic distances. The intra-species genetic distance ranged from 0.000 to 0.002. For the haplotypes of two color morphs of Channa argus, the mean pair-wise genetic distances were estimated as 0.002, which were within the intra-species genetic distance interval for Channa species, indicating that they be...

Mudassar Javed, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed*, Muhammad Luqman and Muhammad Afzal 

...icoverpa armigera (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera), has been one of the contemporary issues of the farmers in Afro-Asian regions. This two-year field study was carried out to evaluate an IPM (bio-intensive) module developed by selecting through in-situ evaluation and incorporating the most effective pest control options along with the biological (parasitoid Trichogramma chilonis egg cards) and cultural techniques against okra lepidopterous borers. According to results...
Farheen Shaikh*, Saima Naz, Nadir Ali Birmani
...es: Galliformes: Phasianidae) from Jamshoro and Hyderabad Districts, Sindh, Pakistan. The study was conducted during 2013-2014. Twenty-six Common Quails were observed in four localities including two urban and two rural areas of Jamshoro and Hyderabad Districts. The selected birds were tagged with identity rings and 5-8 hosts in each locality were examined. Infestation of chewing lice on each bird was checked periodically in each month. Moreover, permanent mic...
Huseyin Cetin1,*, Oner Kocak2, Emre Oz1, Samed Koc1, Yesim Polat1 and Kalender Arıkan2
...ca L. (Diptera: Muscidae) is known as a mechanical vector of many pathogenic bacteria, fungi and parasites. The use of synthetic pyrethroid (SP) insecticides is recommended by the World Health Organization for the control of adult houseflies. Despite the fact that SPs have been used effectively, this insect has developed resistance in many regions/countries of the world. The use of synergistic substances to overcome insecticide resistance is widespread. Pi...
Imran Bodlah1, Ammara Gull-E-Fareen1, Muhammad Tariq Rasheed1, Muhammad Amin2, Ayesha Aihetasham3
...(Hymenoptera: Proctotrupidae) is recorded for the first time as larval parasitoid of Coccinella septempunctata (Linnaeus, 1758) and Menochilus sex maculata (Fabricius, 1781) from various areas of Pothwar. Main identification characters of N. mirabilis supported with measurements and illustrations are provided here with notes on distributional range.
...
Zhiwen Zou, Jianfei Xi, Fen Chen, Rui Xu, Tianrong Xin and Bin Xia*
...st subfamily in Phytoseiidae, with more than 1,500 nominal species. However, the relationships of this subfamily was confused. In order to improve the classification system of Amblyseiinae, the mitochondrial CO1 gene sequence of seven Amblyseiinae species, collected from four provinces of China, were sequenced, and another seven Amblyseiinae species mt CO1 gene sequenced were download from GenBank. And the phylogenetic relationship between the Amblyseiinae gen...
Jam Nazeer Ahmad1,2,*, Muhammad Jafir1, Muhammad Wajid Javed1, Sumaira Maqsood3 and Samina J.N. Ahmad1,2,*
...nis (Hemiptera:Lygaeidae) is difficult because of its close resemblance to other bugs of genus Oxycarenus. Molecular identification and characterization of dusky cotton bug (DCB), Oxycarenus hyalinipennis (Oxycarenidae: Hemiptera) was done through Polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. In PCR, mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene based primers were used for identification of this pest collected from va...

Ahmed Samy1*, Hala Mohamed Nabil Tolba2, Gamelat Kotb Farag3 and Ahmed Abd El Halim1 

...m pigeons (family Columbidae). PPMV1 not only represent a potential threat to pigeon but also it can infect chickens and its virulence enhanced upon passaging in chickens causing clinical signs and deaths. In the present study brain samples were collected from twelve pigeon flocks exhibiting signs of nervousness and diarrhea in a live bird market (LVM) in Egypt. All collected samples were positive for NDV and negative for avian influenza virus and infectious b...

Aqsa Khan1, Sabyan Faris Honey2*, Babar Bajwa2, Nelofer Jamil1 and Muhammad Sohail Mazhar2

....) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is considered as one of the major insect pest for apple growers in Balochistan province, Pakistan. To mass rear codling moth in the laboratory for different research purposes, three artificial diets with different compositions were evaluated for codling moth larvae. Two diets containing wheat germ in their composition as major protein source and one diet without wheat germ were used. Addition of wheat germ in the diet composition ...

Shafique Ahmed Memon1,6, Arif Ali1*, Mehar-un-Nisa Narejo2, Ghulam Khaliq3, Imran Ali Rajput4, Muhammad Adeel1, Khalil Ahmed Memon5, Dzolkhifli Omar6, Muhammad Rashid7 and Abdul Rasool

Muhammad Arshad1, Muhammad Irfan Ullah1,*, Muhammad Afzal1, Yasir Iftikhar2, Samina Khalid3, Zahoor Hussain4, Jaime Molina-Ochoa5,6 and John E. Foster6
...(Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) is a destructive insect pest of citrus nurseries as well as orchards in Pakistan. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of some synthetic insecticides and essential oils against citrus leafminer larvae. Two laboratory bioassays, leaf dip bioassay (LDB) and topical bioassay (TB) were developed to check the efficacy of tested chemicals and essential oils. As seen from results, abamectin showed significant mortality (...

Huma Khalil1*, Muhammad Afzal1, Muhammad Anjum Aqueel1, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1, Muhammad Sajjad Khalil1, Farghama Khalil2 and Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel1 

 Tazeen Jamil, Saba Ijaz, Rabia Arif*, Faiza Akram and Muhammad Saleem

... 52 fragments of Metaviridae (Ty3-gypsy), 104 fragments of LINEs and 66 fragments of Ty1-copia were sequenced. In this way, strains from the contrasting environments were successfully discriminated on the basis of retrotransposons.

...
Muhammad Nasir1,*, Ata-ul-Mohsan2, Munir Ahmad2, Shafqat Saeed3, Muhammad Asif Aziz2, Muhammad Imran4 and Umer Ayyaz Aslam Sheikh4
Bushra Siddique1,*, Muhammad Tariq1, Muhammad Naeem1 and Muhammad Ali2
...sh) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) have an ability to locate itshosts by responding to odours from aphid hostplants or by visual searching.The treatments with different combinations of plant extracts and semiochemicals were used for natural enemypreference experiment. The experiment was conducted with seven treatments and five replications at Glass house situated in Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi field area during Feb-April, 2015. The ...
Ailing Huang, Lingyu Meng, Wei Zhang, Junyan Liu, Guangyao Li, Huihua Tan, Wen Lu and Xialin Zheng*
...ker (Lepidoptera: Zygaenidae) were tested using the leaf-dipping method. Meanwhile, effects of these pesticides on detoxifying and protective enzymes in P. flammans larvae were also measured. Results showed that the LC50 value of beta-cypermethrin, abamectin, chlorpyrifos, thiamethoxam and bisultap against P. flammans larvae were related to the instar and pesticide. Control efficacy of beta-cypermethrin was the best among of these pest...
Hayat Zada and Ahmad-ur-Rahman Saljoqi*
.../i> (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and Hyssopus pallidus (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) were 40.11 and 30.09%, respectively, in the said cropping system. Likewise, highest yield (kg/ plant) were produced by the plots having Apple + Trifolium intercrops (76.62±1.11), whilst minimum yield were attributed to Apple + Wheat (61.47±1.11) followed by sole (52.75±1.23). The results further confirmed that maximum yi...
Hayat Zada1, Ahmad-Ur-Rahman Saljoqi1,*, Ijaz Ali2, Bashir Ahmad1, Abdul Waheed Khan2 and Shabeer Ahmad2
...s) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is the most important insect pest of apple production in Pakistan. Genomic DNA was extracted from 30 overwintering larvae of each population of Matta, Madyan and Kalam regions. Out of 30 tested primers, 21 amplified 157 polymorphic bands in three populations. The mean gene frequency (f), genetic distance (I) and Shannon’s information index (h) for three populations were 1.336, 0.304 and 0.437, respectively. Nei’s unbia...
Zhengfei Wang*, Dan Tang, Xuejia Shi, Huayun Guo, Xiuping Chen, Daizheng Zhang and Boping Tang*
... environments. Bythograeidae crabs are considered the most common and abundant species and predators at the top of food chain in the hydrothermal vent ecosystem. However, the genetic basis for the adaptation of hydrothermal vents crabs to the harsh environment remains poorly explored.The objectives of this study were to increase our understanding of the mechanisms of hypoxia adaptability in vent crabs and to confirm if there is a correlation between mitochondr...

Hafiz Abdul Ghafoor*, Muhammad Afzal, Muhammad Luqman and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed 

...a mangiferae (Pseudococcidae: Hemiptera), a damaging insect pest of a large number of agricultural and horticultural crops in South East Asia. In spite of extensive applications of conventional synthetic pesticides, citrus farmers are unable to get rid of this pest. In order to find out alternate biorational pesticides, this laboratory study was carried out to evaluate few selected novel chemistry insecticidal formulations against 2nd instar nymphs of D. mangi...
Hafiz Abdul Ghafoor*, Muhammad Afzal, Muhammad Asam Riaz and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed
...ngiferae (Pseudococcidae: Hemiptera) is one of the destructive insect pests of many agricultural and horticultural crops including citrus. Extensive and injudicious use of conventional synthetic insecticides against D. mangiferae have led to many environmental and health problems urging to seek out environment-friendly and safe alternate strategies to control D. mangiferae. To this end, the present study evaluated the methanolic extracts and ...
Mohammed Anas Chowdhury1, Md. Abdul Karim1, Md. Tayfur Rahman1, Shoaibe Hossain Talukder Shefat1, Ashikur Rahman1, Mohammad Amzad Hossain2*
...y was recorded as Cyprinidae covering 36%, while the least abundant family was Gobidae and Plotosidae comprising 1%. A Shannon-Weaver diversity index was fluctuated between 2 to 2.5 with mean value 2.30±0.14, which reveals exposer to light pollution in study area. The peak Pielou’s evenness index value was 2.2 in April and the lowest value 1.47 in July with mean value 1.93&plu...
Lusha Liu1,*, Lei Cheng2, Xingqi Zhang3, Yulong Li1 and Jianping Jiang1,*
...i>, from family Microhylidae suborder Neobatrachia, widely distributes from western Myanmar eastward through Indochina and northward into southern China including Hainan and Taiwan. But the availability of microsatellites especially from expressed sequences is currently very limited in this species and the genus Microhyla. A total of 17,339 potential microsatellites were identified in 15,385 unigenes which were generated by Illumina paired-end sequencin...

Usman Zubair1*, Anjum Shehzad2, Muhammad Ishaque Mastoi3 and Khalid Mahmood1 

...ries, the family Tephritidae is well represented and includes some of the most serious economic pests of fruits and vegetables around the world. The objective of this paper is to present taxonomy and new records of fruit flies. This manuscript deals with distribution records presented for species of fruit flies from Poonch Division of Azad Jammu and Kashmir. Taxonomic issues with specimen are discussed. The specimens were collected from seven localities includ...
Ghaleb Adwan*, Sami Bdir and Kamel Adwan
...the family Lecithodendriidae Luhe, 1901, and it could be placed in the genus, or closely related to known Lecithodendrium. Analysis of ITS1 rDNA indicates that Cercaria melanopsi palestinia III belongs to the family Opecoelidae Ozaki, 1925. The present study supported the presence of non-virgulate xiphidiocercariae among the Lecithodendriidae. Molecular characterization of ce...
Asad Abdullah, Muhammad Irfan Ullah*, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza, Muhammad Arshad and Muhammad Afzal
...cius (Lepidoptera; Noctuidae) is considered as one of the economically important insect pest in global agriculture. Suitability of host plants is critical for the efficient management of this economically important insect pest. We studied the effect of various host plants on the growth, development and fecundity of S. litura. The larvae of S. litura were offered leaves of cabbage, alfalfa, sesbania and, maize in comparison to artificial diet unde...
Jam Nazeer Ahmad1*, Taiba Sharif3, Samina J.N. Ahmad2, Sumaira Maqsood4 and Fariha Zafar3 
... flies (Diptera: Tephritidae), Bactrocera zonata, Bactrocera dorsalis and Bactrocera cucurbitae was done in Punjab, Pakistan through PCR analysis using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene based primers. Phylogenetic analysis was also complemented to differentiate fruit flies identified from other countries of the world. The sequencing results and phylogenetic analysis of collected specimens indicated that sequences of B. dorsalis, B....
Joyce Osarogie Odigie*
...nthos group was Chironomidae: making up 20.99%, 18.47% and 16.65% of the benthic community. The results of WQI calculated across the three study stations were above the 100 benchmark. However, the PTI values recorded at the three study stations were less than 10, correlating with WQI indicating pollution, making the water unsuitable for human consumption and aquatic life.
...

Muhammad Arshad1, Muhammad Irfan Ullah1*, Muhammad Afzal1, Mian Anjum Murtaza2, Ejaz Ahraf3, Zahoor Hussain4, Syed Muhammad Ali Zahid1 and Maryam Riaz1 

...(Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) is among the serious insect pests attacking citrus plants in Pakistan. The study was conducted to quantify the leaf area damage of eight citrus cultivars caused by mining activity of CLM during summer 2016. The total leaf area and mine area per leaf were calculated by the image analysis method using Sigma Scan Pro 5.0 software. The results of the present study showed that CLM generated larger mines; 1.64 cm2 on Grapefruit, 1.44 cm...
Fiza Asif1,*, Muhammad Siddique Awan1, Nasra Ashraf1, Nuzhat Shafi1, Abdul Rauf1, Khizra Bano1, Muhammad Razzaq2 and Naeem Iftikhar Dar2
...gs to family Cercopithecidae and order Primates. Understanding food habits of wild mammals is of great importance to ecology and wildlife management. Present study was designed to determine the diet composition of Kashmir grey langur in Machiara National Park, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan during summer 2015 and winter 2015-16 from fecal material using microhistological technique. Sixty fecal samples were collected from the study area during summer 2015 and...
Muhammad Aslam Farooqi*, Bakhtawar Irsa, Sajjad Ali, Asif Sajjad, Muhammad Waqar Hassan and Sohail Akhtar

 

Mubasshir Sohail1,2,*, Raza Muhammad1 and Qadeer Ahmed Soomro1
...ens (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) has a key role in integrated pest management (IPM) strategies for many crop pests. The influence of different prey types has been studied to strengthen the C. carnea. Current in-vitro study was made to figure out the effects of different prey on mortality and certain biological characteristics of C. carnea. The highest mortality rate (66.43±2.13%) was for larvae, which fed upon Oleander aphid, Aphis ...

Muhammad Abu Bakar1, Muhammad Anjum Aqueel1, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1, Rashid Mahmood2, Ziyad Abdul Qadir2, Muhammad Arshad1 and Mubasshir Sohail3 

Zahra Eftekhar1, Morteza Naderi2,*, Mohammad Kaboli3, Hamid R. Rezaei4 and Nematollah Khorasani3
...s of the family Gliridae, has been frequently used as a model to enrich our knowledge of patterns of arboreal species adaptation to the glacial oscillations. Ancient Hyrcanian forests, as one of the old-growth relicts of the temperate deciduous forests, have been recently documented as an important refugium during the last glacial maximum (LGM). More investigations based on skull and mandible morphological assessments revealed considerable intraspecific ev...

Ahmed Zia1*, Iqtidar Hussain2, Sardar Azhar Mehmood2, Shabir Ahmad2, Muzaffar Shah3 and Abdul Rauf Bhatti1 

...d fauna, family Libellulidae appeared to be a dominant group representing 19 species, followed by family Coenagrionidae with 5 species and family Calopterygoidae and Aeshnidae representing single species each. Being a flying insect group, seasonal surveys and temporal data collection for odonates in this ecologically rich area can surely bring forward im...

Muhammad Irfan Ullah1*, Muhammad Arshad1, Muhammad Imran Khan1, Muhammad Afzal1, Azhar Abbas Khan2, Syed Muhammad Ali Zahid1, Muhammad Saqib1, Asad Abdullah1, Saba Kousar1 and Maryam Riaz1 

...ub.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a major insect pest in cotton crop and is being the most noxious one in cotton growing areas of the world. Knowledge about how water stress modifies the ability of plants to resist against insect feeding is an interesting and important component in an integrated pest management program. In the present study, water stress was applied to field grown cotton with two Bacillus thuringiensis transgenes (CIM-602 and CIM-599) and one n...

Muhammad Shahzad Akbar*, Maria Aslam, Muhammad Rehan Khalid, Shahid Iqbal, Muhammad Luqman and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed 

...obesus (Isoptera: Termitidae). Bioassays were conducted using filter paper disc method according to completely randomized design with four replications for each treatment. Termite mortality data was recorded at 6, 12, 24 and 48 h post-treatment. Median lethal concentration (LC50) and median lethal time (LT50) values were calculated for each treatment using log-dose probit analysis. Results revealed a mortality response of termites directly proportional to the ...
Muhammad Asghar Hassan1, Imran Bodlah1*, Ayesha Aihetasham2,Muhammad Adnan Bodlah3, Khadim Hussain4
Shahid Sherzada1,2,4,*, Muhammad Naeem Khan4, Masroor Ellahi Babar2, Muhammad Idrees3, Abdul Wajid2, Muhammad Nauman Sharif3, Muhammad Shahzad Iqbal3, Iram Amin3 and Muhammad Shahid3
...longing to family Cyprinidae are important for aquaculture and also for food and economy of Pakistan. Among members of Cyprinidae family, Indian major carp species (Labeo rohita, Cirrhinus mrigala, Catla catla)are very suitable fish species for culture in Pakistan. However, the identification and phylogeny of these fish species are of much interest today. DNA barcoding is used as a bio-identification tool for the orga...
Peng Chen1,2, Zuhao Huang3,Chaoying Zhu1, Yuqing Han1, Zhifeng Xu1
Guanglong Sun1, Zhen Zhang1, Dongqin Zhao4, Gang Ge1 and Luzhang Ruan1*
... (Charadriiformes: Jacanidae) was closely related to Rostratulidae. According to the estimation of divergence time corrected by fossil records of related birds and compared with previous studies, the base divergence time of Gruiformes was 46.33 (58.46~25.60) Ma, the emergence time of the suborders Grui was about 17.62 (29.76~4.15) Ma, and the emergence time of the suborders of the Ralli was about 32.18 (46.17~19.69) Ma. The ...
Qamar Zeb1*, Silvia I. Rondon2, Hayat Badshah,1 and Arsalan Khan1
...pecies (Homoptera: Aphididae). Two species of parasitoids Aphidius ervi L. and Aphidius colemani Viereck were recorded. Coccinella septempunctata L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Chryoperla carnea Stephens (Neuroptera: Chrysomelidae), and several species of Hover flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) were the most common predators. In gen...
Mubasher Ahmad Malik1, Samina Jam Nazeer Ahmad2, Muhammad Jalal Arif1 and Jam Nazeer Ahmad1,*
...i> (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) is a cosmopolitan pest, infesting the cruciferous crops worldwide. It has developed resistance against chemical insecticides. To overcome this problem there is dire need to explore alternative control measures which are safer to the environment and compatible with human health. The present study was conducted to investigate the insecticidal properties of native isolated Plutella xylostella granulovirus (PxGV) and Azadira...
Haroon1,2, Yu-Feng Meng1, Zahid Khan1, Farzana Perveen2, Muhammad Ather Rafi3, Sayed Waqar Shah4, Xiao-Hong Su1 and Lianxi Xing1,*
...onging to family Nymphalidae, 217/506 from family Pieridae, family Papilionidae represented only 37/506 individuals. With their abundance Danauas chrysippus (F130, F314 and D3 24.11), followed by Junonia orytha (F121, F310 and D3 11.86), while Papilio polytes, Junonia hierta and Euthalia garuda showed minimum (F12, F 31 and D3 0.2) of each species. The Sh...

Hamoudi Naoual1, Alloui Nadir2*, Barberis Abdelhak2 and Boudaoud Amine2 

... carry the AIV. The Anatidae population peaked in January 2017 with a total of 8064 birds. The 6 frequent species observed are: Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), Eurasian teal (Anas crecca), Gadwall (Anas strepera), Eurasian wigeon (Anas penelope) and Common shelduck (Tadorna tadorna). Our observations confirm the diversity of migratory bird species, particularly Anatidae infected with AIV, in the wetlands of Eastern Algeria. Mo...

Muhammad Usman* and Sajjad Ahmad 

... (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Pakistan has a very rich entomo fauna but only a few attempts were made to study this subfamily. Specimens were collected from different ecological zones of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan in 2018. In this paper, Chablisea imbiba and Chablisea condimenta are described for the first time from Pakistan. Morphological description is provided and elucidated with digital images. 

...
Muhammad Asif Gondal, Qazal Waheed, Sana Tariq, Waseem Haider, Aisha Khan, Qudsia Rasib and Haroon Ahmed*
...onging to Family Planorbidaeand Family Thiaridae. Freshwater snail samples were collected from Islamabad and Rawalpindi in screw capped sterilized bottles from various localities during the months of July 2017 to December 2017. Physical parameters affect the presence of snails e.g. alkalinity of the soil indicates the survival of more number of species. A significant correlation was found between diversity and equitability (...
Muhammad Irfan Ullah1*, Muhammad Arshad1, Sajjad Ali2, Asad Abdullah1, Samina Khalid3, Hafiz Muhammad Aatif4, Syed Muhammad Ali Zahid1, Muhammad Afzal1 and Jaima Molina-Ochoa5
...Fab. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on sunflower and soybean crops was measured using BioLeaf android application. The infected leaves due to citrus canker were also tested using BioLeaf for foliar analysis. Our results demonstrated that the quantification of foliar damage using BioLeaf application was easy and accurate. This method is also comparable with other techniques like digital analysis by ImageJ software and leaf area meter devices. With these results, it i...
Riffat Sultana1, Nuzhat Soomro1,*, Santosh Kumar2, Ahmed Ali Samejo1 and Samiullah Soomro1
Daniel Cocan1, Vioara Mireşan1, Florentina Popescu1, Radu Constantinescu1, Aurelia Coroian1, Călin Laţiu1, Romulus Valeriu Flaviu Turcu3, Alexandru Ştefan Fărcăşanu3 and Cristian Martonos2,*

Muhammad Ramzan, Unsar Naeem-Ullah*, Mahreen Hanif, Muhammad Nadeem, Mirza Abdul Qayyum, Muhammad Javaid 

Hina Maryam1, Muhammad Ather Rafi2, Ahmed Zia1, Ghulam Rasul3, Muhammad Kamal Sheikh3*, Muhammad Qasim4 and Gulnaz Parveen

...resented by family Syrphidae with four species under three genera. Order Hymenoptera represented four families i.e. Apidae with six species under four genera; Halictidae with two species under two genera; Megachilidae with one species under one genus; and Vespidae with three species under two genera. While order Lepido...

Muhammad Zeeshan Nazar*, Ayyan Umer, Zahid Mahmood Sarwar, Faiz Ullah Faiz and Sikandar Hussain 

...rms, Bombyx mori (Bombycidae: Lepidoptera), are reared on wide range for commercial purpose. Silkworm is susceptible to various pathogenic diseases. Among the all bacterial diseases of B. mori, flacherie is injurious disease that is initiated by entomo-pathogenic bacteria, Bacillus thuringiensis var. sotto (Bts). The impact of this infectious disease is weight loss, reduction in cocoon quality as well as quantity and source of infestation for healthy larva. In...
Celalettin Gözüaçik1,*, Mustafa Güllü2, Ayda Konuksal3, Reşat Değirmenci3 and Ercan Akerzurumlu3
...rer (Lepidoptera: Scythridae) is an important pest in barley and wheat in Northern Cyprus. This study was carried out to identify the larval parasitoids and to determine the parasitism rate of S. temperatella. These studies were conducted in 42 cereal fields of 18 villages in Lefkoşa, Girne, Güzelyurt, Gazimağusa and İskele townships in 2012-2013 years, and 1567 and 862 larvae were collected in the two years, respectively. Larvae were kept insid...

Arfan Ahmed Gilal1*, Lubna Bashir1, Muhammad Faheem2, Asad Rajput1, Junaid Ahmed Soomro1, Saifullah Kunbhar1, Abdul Samad Mirwani1, Tanzeela-ul-Zahra1, Ghulam Sarwar Mastoi3 and Jam Ghulam Mustafa Sahito

...ith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is an invasive polyphagous pest, particularly damaging to corn. Although native to American continents, it has spread in various African and Asian countries. However, no confirmed report of its presence has been made from Pakistan as it has already been reported from its neighbors India and China. So, this study was conducted in 15 corn growing areas of Sindh, Pakistan to determine the presence and damage status of FAW on fodder a...
Maria Khalid1, Tanveer Hussain1*, Zahid Farooq2, Kamran Abbas1 and Masroor Ellahi Babar1  
...ortant member of Phasianidae family, however a scarce molecular data is reported that urged us to investigate its genetic diversity and phylogeny using mitochondrial DNA, Cyt-b and Cox1 genes. A total of 749bp of Cox1 and 472 bp of Cyt-b complete coding regions of both genes were amplified by PCR followed by sequencing. The sequences were aligned and edited using Bio-Edit software and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were iden...
Muhammad Sarmad, Syed Muhammad Zaka* and Syed Muhammad Tahir Abbas Shah
... laetus Kirby. (Lygaidae: Hemiptera) had become a critical pest of cotton crop. Dusky cotton bug feeds on leaves, stems and seeds of host plants. Being a serious pest of many important crops, the present work will study on biology and bionomics of O. laetus on three different hosts Gossypium hirsutum, Abelmoschus esculentus and Helianthus annuus. Shorter nymphal duration was observed on Gossypium hirsutum<...
Quratulain1, Ata-ul-Mohsin1, Muhammad Naeem1, Ghulam Shabir1, Muhammad Khalid Rafique2 and Rashid Mahmood2*

Bilal Atta1*, Muhammad Rizwan1, Arshed Makhdoom Sabir1, Muhammad Dildar Gogi2, Muhammad Sabar1, Bakhtawar3, Faizan Ali3 and Mehran Sarwar

...) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) is one of the key insect pests of stored grains. Due to export regulations and zero-tolerance for alive insects in trade commodities, synthetic pesticides are often used to eliminate pest infestation in consignments. Phosphine is currently one and the only acceptable chemical used in stored grains, but due to their overuse, stored grain pests become resistant to this fumigant. There is, therefore, a great need to find alternatives...
Muhammad Asim1, Zaheer Ahmad2, M. Akbar Khan1, M. Adeeb Babar1, Sayyed Ghyour Abbas1,*, Muhammad Khalil Nawaz1, Kiran Aftab3 and Muhammad Akhtar4
Sajjad Ali1,*, M. Irfan Ullah2, Asif Sajjad1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed2, M. Aslam Farooqi1, M. Shahid Rizwan3, Qaiser Shakeel4, Sohail Akhter1,Muhammad Raheel4 and Muhammad Arshad2
...erpa armigera (Noctuidae; Lepidoptera) -being highly polyphagous- is the pest of many crops and exhibits high fecundity and migrating efficiency. The present study aimed to evaluate its physicomorphic responses towards different host plants. The highest larval and pupal weights were observed when fed on gram, Cicer arietinum (L.). The maximum (97.23%) larval survivorship was recorded on gramwhile, the lowest (56.25%) on okra, Abelmoschus e...

Riffat Sultana*, Nuzhat Soomro and Muhammad Saeed Wagan

...nsis (Oxyinae: Acrididae: Orthoptera) from Kashmore, Sindh, Pakistan is described and illustrated. We provide a comparison of Oxya kashmorensis sp.nov. and O. nitidula which is recorded from Pakistan for the first time. Comparative information on the female genitalia of both species is provided. Further, a note on the ecology and distribution of both species is given. With the addition of O. kashmorensis and the new record of...
Sohail Ahmed1,*, Muhammad Waseem Saleem1, Abid Ali1, Muhammad Shahid Nisar2, Rashad Rasool Khan1 and Abdul Rashid3
...ips tabaci L. (Thripidae: Thysanoptera), release of Coccinella septempunctata and Chrysoperla carnea, spray of Neem Seed Kernel Extract (NSKE) 5% and spinosad 240 SL (Tracer) were integrated in all possible combinations, thus, making a total of 15 treatments including separate application of each above and a control where none was applied except water only. Results showed significant difference amongst treatments (p <0.05). Applicat...

Muhammad Usman Ghazanfar1, Waqas Raza1*, Waqas Wakil2,3, Imtiaz Hussain4 and Misbah Iqbal Qamar

...an) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) compared to SA treated plants. Potato plants treated with SA and BABA had higher peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activity than water treated plants. Enzymes produced as result of treatment with elicitors are responsible for protection against late blight and sucking insect pests. The inducers can be used for disease and insect pe...
Rabia Saeed1, Muhammad Naveed1, Muhammad Razaq2*, Muhammad Rafiq1, Muhammad Tahir Jan1, Syed Ishfaq Ali Shah1, Shabana Wazir1 and Fahad Munir3
...us (Hemiptera: Pyrrhocoridae) has become destructive pest of cotton since 2011. The pest causes severe lint staining and seed germination reduction problems. Antilochus coquebertii (Fabricius) (Heteroptera: Pyrrhocoridae) is significant predator of the genus Dysdercus and other members of the pyrrhocoridan family. In the present annotation, we record for the first time A. coquebertii in cotton growing ar...

Abdur Rehman1*, Sajjad Ahmad1, Ahmed Zia2, Asad Ali3, Kiran Shahjeer4, Abdul Latif1 and Taimur Khan

...was recorded as Libellulidae that was comprised of 19 species belonging to 11 genera, family Gomphidae included 3 species belonging to 3 genera and family Aeshnidae included one species belonged to one genus. Detailed description of each species, valid scientific names, their habitat, ecological observation, collection date and distributional range for all recorded species are provided.&nb...
Muhammad Tariq Rasheed1, Imran Bodlah1*, Ammara Gull e Fareen1,2, Muhammad Shakeel Khokhar1

Muhammad Salim1*, Ayhan Gökçe1, Muhammad Nadir Naqqash1 and Orkun Ersoy

Bilal Saeed Khan1*, Muhammad Afzal2, Muhammad Asif Qayyoum1, Imran Ali3 and Abdul Ghaffar

...es of the family Stigmaeidae are well known as predators against phytophagous mites, lepidopterous eggs and bodies of small soft insects. A random survey was conducted to explore the predatory mite fauna from Punjab, Pakistan. The holotype female (male unknown) of the new mite species Pseudostigmaeus sorghumus sp. nov was collected from city Dera Ghazi Khan on Sorghum bicolor (L.) and described. Fifteen paratypes were also collected from same collection data a...

Hafiz Abdul Ghafoor1*, Muhammad Afzal1, Muhammad Luqman2, Muhammad Arshad Javed2, Syed Wasim Hasan3 and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed

...iferae Green (Pseudococcidae: Hemiptera) is a destructive sap-feeding pest of a number of horticultural and agricultural crops in Indo-Pak region. It has been an emerging threat to citrus industry in Pakistan and is considered as hard-to-control pest. This study evaluated some selected pest control options against the infestation of D. mangiferae under field conditions. The treatments included some most effective conventional and novel chemistry insecticides, ...

 K. Abbasi 1 , R. Wick2† and D. Zafari1

Chitinase activity of biocontrol fungi cultured from the golden potato cyst nematode, Globodera rostochiensis
... and Trichoderma atroviridae had the highest activity. We selected these four isolates to determine the optimum pH, temperature, and reaction time. Zymography was also used to demonstrate the chitinase activity of the four isolates. The biocontrol potential of 10 selected isolates was assayed in water-agar in vitro and under greenhouse conditions. L. muscarium had the most potential and Fusarium solani was the least based on the number of parasitized juveniles...

Parsa Riaz and Muhammad Naeem*

Digestive Enzymes Activity with Gut Morphometric Parameter of Carnivorous Fish Wallago attu (Siluridae, Siluriformes)
... belongs to family siluridae under the order siluriformes. It has good market demand as a food fish having high nutritional value, and high protein content in its flesh, Carnivorous in nature. Descriptive data of the studied traits included total body weight, total body length, gut weight, gut length, condition factor, standard length in Wallago attu. Fish body weight showed positive Pearson’s correlation with total length, gut weight, standard length an...

Parakriti Gupta1, Kapil Goyal2 and Mini Pritam Singh3*

Hepatitis E Virus and Zoonosis
...ng to the family Hepeviridae. Globally, HEV is known to cause approximately 20 million infections per annum with a mortality of 44,000. The virus is endemic in developing nations and the outbreaks occur mainly in the post monsoon season when the drinking water gets contaminated with sewage. However, the mode of acquisition of infection is different in developed nations with good sanitary conditions where the infection is a zoonosis. Though the virus has only o...
Dibyendu Biswas1*, Shib Shankar Saha2, Shankar Biswas3 and Md. Abu Sayeed4
Outbreak of Lumpy Skin Disease of Cattle in South-West Part of Bangladesh and its Clinical Management
... under the family Poxviridae and transmitted by direct contact or through biological vectors such as mosquitoes, flies and ticks. Sporadic cases of LSD have been observed in cattle elsewhere. The aim of the present study was undertaken to evaluate the present scenario of LSD and its clinical management at different house-holds at south-west region of Bangladesh. A structured questionnaire was developed and data were collected from the two upazila (Monirampur a...
Roni Koneri1*, Meis Nangoy2 and Pience V. Maabuat1
...ere identified. Libellulidae was the family with the most number of species and individuals being found. Th especies with the highest abundance was Orthetrum pruinosum, followed by Libellago xanthocyana. The highest dragonfly species abundance was found in the plantation land, while the lowest was found in the primary forest or around the waterfall. The highest dragonfly richness index, species diversity index (H’), and species evenness ind...
Hamed A. Ghramh,1, 2, 3,Zubair Ahmad 1, 2, 4, Khalid Ali Khan1, 2, 3*and Farhat Khan4
...ov. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Microgastrinae) are described. The genus Microplitis is recorded for the first time from Saudi Arabia. Characters of these new species and their affinities with related species are discussed.
...
Zubair Ahmad1, 2,5, Hamed A. Ghramh1, 2, 3,Khalid Ali Khan1, 2, 3*, Kavita Pandey4 and Farhat Khan5
...(Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae). Materials about other species viz., Ascogaster acrocercophagus Shujauddin and Varshney and C. (A.) chailini (Walker and Huddleston) have also been recorded. The importance of apico-dorsal spine of metasoma for taxonomy is discussed. An updated checklist of chelonine leafminer parasitoids from the Indian subcontinent is also provided.
...
Muhammad Rizwan1*, Bilal Atta1, Ana Maria Marino de Remes Lenicov2, Roxana Mariani2, Arshed Makhdoom Sabir1, Muhammad Tahir3, Misbah Rizwan4, Muhammad Sabar1, Ch. Muhammad Rafique1, Muhammad Afzal5
...t pests of rice. Delphacidae and Cixiidae are families of planthoppers with the most harmful species. Delphacids are primarily vector of the viruses, whereas Cixiids are vectors of phytoplasmas, mycoplasmas and prokaryotes-like associated to the class Mollicutes. Specimens of planthoppers were collected from the rice fields and surrounding weeds. A list of Fulgoromorpha is provided, with distributional and biological records...

Shouguo Yang1, Fen Cheng1, Xiangyu Wu1, YiXuan Xing1, ZhiFeng Gu2 and Xianming Tang1,*

Ashfaque Ahmed Nahiyoon1*, Nasira Kazi2 and Shahina Fayyaz2
...g to the family Belondiridae are described from Sindh, Pakistan. Amphibelondira sindhicus n. sp., is characterized by having reduced anterior genital branch, more slender body, smaller neck length and expanded part of pharynx, smaller spicule and clavate tail with distinct radial striae. Belondira paraclava Jairajpur, 1964 is reported for the first time from Pakistan during the present studies on cotton.
...

Arifa Khan1*, Danish Anwar2, Shazia Erum3, Naveeda Riaz1, Shahid Riaz4, Tariq Rafique3 and Zafer Iqbal2

Screening of Exotic Potato Germplasm against Potato Virus PVX, PVY and PLRV through Biological and Serological Test (ELISA)
...rovirus, family Luteoviridae) cause significant yield loss of potato crop in the world including Pakistan. In this regard, 30 exotic potato genotypes were screened against the PVX, PVY and PLRV in field conditions during two seasons 2015-2016. Results showed that all the genotypes had resistance against PVX and PLRV however four genotypes (CIP-3, CIP-9, CIP-11 and CIP-14) were susceptible to PVY. Results regarding yield and tuber external quality showed that C...

Christian Marco Hadi Nugroho1 and Jeanne Adiwinata Pawitan2,3,4*

Production of Antibody for Direct Fluorescence Antibody Assay against Avian Influenza H9N2
... the family Orthomyxoviridae. It has a minus sense RNA genome of eight segments. This fact makes the virus to easily re-assort, which might yield a new virus strain, and causes an outbreak in unimmunized humans or chickens. In reducing losses due to H9N2 infection, rapid diagnosis is an option to prevent further infections. Office International des Epizooties (OIE) suggested some methods for the detection of H9N2 infection including the immunofluorescence meth...

Sajid Amin Sarmad1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Muhammad Luqman1, Muhammad Asam Riaz1, Sohail Ahmed3 and Sylvain Nafiba Ouédraogo2

Development and Laboratory Evaluation of a Slow Release Formulation of Fipronil against Subterranean Termites (Odontotermes obesus Rambur)
...obesus (Isoptera: Termitidae) are economically important agricultural and structural pests. A wide range of insecticides with different modes of action are being used against these termite pests including organochlorines, organophosphates and pyrethroids. However, pesticidal control of termites is usually not persistent and long-lasting due to rapid decomposition and loss of insecticidal molecules active against target pests. This study was aimed to develop an...

Sehrish Ashraaf1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1* and Sajida Naseem2

...ra and 27 species. Araneidae was the most dominant familyfollowed by Salticidae, Oxyopidae, Clubionidae, Tetragnathida, Thomisidae, Mitergidae and Lyc...
Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Muhammad Shahzad Akbar1, Muhammad Afzal1, Muhammad Mustaqeem2, Muhammad Luqman3, Ijaz Asghar4 and Muhammada Asam Riaz1
Yonghua Liu*, Xianhua Li, Xiongfei Yan and Gang Li
...ck (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is a serious pest on fruit trees in North China. Under laboratory conditions (temperature 25 ± 1ºC, 80 ± 5% relative humidity, photoperiod 14L:10D), the effect of the 4 host plants Armeniaca vulgaris (apricot), Malus pumila (apple), Prunus salicina (plum), and Amygdalus persica (peach) on the growth, development, survival, reproduction, and life table parameters of A. fimbriana
Chaojie Yang1,2,3, Haishan Wang1,2,3, Le Ye1,2,3 and Zhi Chen1,2,3,*
...g study about Muraenesocidae in the East China Sea were old, rough and deficient. Morphometric measurements and meristic counts were taken for all collected Muraenesocidae samples in our present study. Teeth characters that are conclusive for the species were consistent with Muraenesox and were sufficient for separation from other Muraenesocidae species. The morphological results further s...

Muhammad Shahbaz1,*, Nosheen Farooq1, Abu ul Hassan Faiz1, Arshad Javid2, Irfan Baboo3, Misbah Shoukat1 and Muhammad Aslam Khan4 

...squitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in the district of Bagh, and at some adjoining areas, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, during the period May 2017 to October 2017. The specimens were identified under the binocular microscope by following the taxonomic keys of Christophers (1933), Barraud (1934) and Rueda (2004). A total of 2895 specimens of mosquitoes were collected from the study area, belonging to family Culicidae and two subfamilies,...
Pengfei Liu1*, Hongxia Liu2 and Jiajia Xiao1
...ers of family Leiothrichidae, who are both assumed sexually monomorphic. We employed reflectance spectrometry to determine the plumage coloration in these two species in the hand. PL with dull plumage, the males had brighter head plumage than females, there was no significant difference in coloration of wing and breast plumage between two sexes. EL appeared relatively bright and polychrome plumages, and the males had extremely significantly higher carotenoid c...
Eslam Moradi-Asl1*, Behnam Mohammadi Ghalehbin2, Kamran Akbarzadeh3, Jafar Mohammad-Shahi4, Hajar Afshin4
Keke Liu, Yuanhao Ying, Yuxin Xiao, Jing Yan, Mengzhen Zhang and Yonghong Xiao*
Abdul Rauf Bhatti1*, Ahmed Zia1, Falak Naz2, Amjad Usman3, Rukhshanda Saleem4, Ghulam Sarwar5 and Amad Ud Din6
 
 
Muhammad Ayub1*, Munir Hussain2, Sher Ahmad2, Syed Arif Hussain Rizvi3, Shahid Hussain1, Muhammad Qasim2, Muhammad Din2, Muhammad Ishaque Mastoi4 and Tajudin2
Muhammad Hamayoon Khan*, Niaz Hussain Khuhro, Muhammad Awais, Muhammad Usman Asif and Raza Muhammad
 
 
Muneer Abbas1*, Dilbar Hussain2, Muhammad Saleem2, Abdul Ghaffar2Sohail Abbas3, Niaz Hussain1 and Abdul Ghaffar1
...is (Diptera: Tephritidae) has endangered the trade of Pakistani fruits in foreign markets. Use of IPM is best way to control fruit fly by avoiding harmful insecticidal spray application in order to save natural enemies and environment. Experiment was conducted in three guava, citrus and mango producing districts of Punjab i.e. Faisalabad, Sargodha, Toba Tek Singh with five treatments. Each experimental unit comprised of 1 ha area. Five treatments
Ijaz Haider1*, Muhammad Akhtar1, Ali Noman2 and Muhammad Qasim3
...e;e) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), whitebacked planthopper Sogatella furcifera (Horvath) (Homoptera: Delphacidae), and pink stem borer Sesamia inferens (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on light trap. The effect of some abiotic factors like temperature, relative humidity and rainfall on the adult population of these pests was also studied. The population of these pests was monito...
Muhammad Akram Muneer1, Khalid Munir1, Ghulam Abbas1’*, Isra Munir1Mumtaz Ahmad Khan1, Asif Iqbal1, Munsoor ud Din Ahmad1, Muhammad Arshad Javid2, Zareen Fatima1 and Maria Arshad1
...rs of family Coronavirdae. World Health Organization (WHO) reported that the novel Cov-19 virus infection was first diagnosed in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China during December 2019. Initially the virus was named as nCoV-19 and later disease due to this virus was named as COVID-19, and recently named as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. This new coronavirus was found to have...
Laura Alejandra Arriola-Mosqueda1, Yadira Jiménez-Lara2, Eugenia del Carmen Prieto-Avella1, Carlos Ricardo Cruz-Vazquez3, Roberto Montesinos-Matias4, Mauricio Valencia-Posadas2, Ana Martha Cruz-Avalos5, Jaime Molina-Ochoa6,7 and César Andrés Angel-Sahagún2,*
Ammara Gull-e-Fareen1,2, Imran Bodlah1,*, Muhammad Adnan Bodlah3, Muhammad Tariq Rasheed1, Habib Ali4 and Muhammad Asif5
...832) (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Aspicerinae) is reported with colour variations like scape, pedicel and basal part of antennal segment 3 slightly darker than remaining segments, scutellum and mesopleura mostly dark reddish with some darker areas, legs also reddish brown except tarsal segments lighter in colouration. Suspected trophic associations with Ischiodon scutellaris (F.) via Aphis nerii onCalotropis procera (Ait.) Ait and
Riffat Sultana1*, Nuzhat Soomro2, Santosh Kumar3 and Ahmed Ali Samajo2

Muhammad Arslan Ibrahim1*, Aneeqa Aleem2, Farkhanda Manzoor2, Shahbaz Ahmad1, Hafiz Muhammad Zahid Anwar1, Talia Aroob2 and Mansoor Ahmad3 

Celalettin Gözüaçık1, Ecevit Eyduran2 and Mohammad Masood Tariq3*
...) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)laying in alfalfa fields at late fall. Totally, the infected 675 alfalfa plants were evaluated with the objective to predict height of eggs laid by the alfalfa weevil at the plant stem from plant height, number of eggs per cluster, number of egg clusters at the plant stem, and location as potential predictors. In the prediction of height of eggs, CHAID (Chi-square Automatic Interaction Detection) and MARS (Multivariate Adaptive Reg...
Aiguo Zhou1,2, Di Sun1,2,Shulin Liu 1,2, Yongyong Feng1,2, Yue Zhang3
Yanfeng Chen4, Shaolin Xie1,2* and Jixing Zou1,2*

 

...0 to 0.492 for the Channidae family. And the analysis of sequences showed that there were nine haplotypes in 60 individuals, which were eight unique and one shared haplotypes. In addition, the genetic distance for inter-species of all the haplotypes ranged from 0.000 to 0.004. And the mean pair-wise genetic distance between the two color morphs were estimated to be 0.001. This indicated that the “Bicolor” and “White” types of northern s...

Muhammad Afzal1, Muhammad Irfan Ullah1*, Muhammad Hamid Bashir2, Shah Najaf Mukhtar1, Muhammad Arshad1, Nimra Altaf1

...milies Cunaxa sp. (Cunaxidae); Amblyseious andersoni Chant, Euseius sp., Neoseiulus sp. (Phytoseiidae); Brevipalpus californicus Banks, B. phoenicis (Geijskes) (Tenuipalpidae), and Eutetranychus orientalis Klein, Panonychus citri (McGregor), Tetranychus urticae Koch (Tetranychidae). Brevipalpus sp., T. urticae and B. californicus were the dominant specie...

Aioub Sofizadeh1, Ehsan Allah Kalteh2, Shahin Saeedi3, Mulood Mohammadi Bavani4*

...les belonged to the Buthidae family, including Mesobuthus eupeus (97.3%), Orthochirus farzanpayi (0.9%), and Mesobuthus caucasicus (1.8%). M. eupeus had the highest distribution and abundance in the region and was recognized as the leading cause of scorpion sting in the region. O. farzanpayi and M. caucasicus are new to the scorpion’s species of this province. M. eupeus is the most prevalent species in Golestan Province and is one of the dangerous the sc...

Halil Erhan Eroglu

...e species of family Cervidae were detected, namely (i) karyotype formulae, (ii) symmetry/asymmetry index values (iii) karyotype types. According to the chromosomal data, two phylogenetic trees were formed. The phylogenetic trees were showed karyotypic relationships among the taxa.
 
Novelty Statement | This is the first report on karyotype asymmetry of Cervidae. Karyo...

Syed Ismat Hussain1, Muhammad Ramzan Asi1, Habbib Anwar1, Faqeer Ahmad1, Ateeq ur Rehman2*, Muhammad Shahid3, Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi2*, Ummad ud Din Umar2, Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar4, Memuna Ijaz1 and Hafiz Usman Shakir1

Muhammad Irfan Ullah1*, Sana Majeed1, Muhammad Arshad1, Nimra Altaf1, Muhammad Luqman2, Asad Abdullah1 and Muhammad Afzal3

...ius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The P. hysterophorus extract at 50 mg concentration was comparable to the alone application of emamectin benzoate in terms of reduced digestibility and survival of S. litura. Overall, 42.7% relative consumption rate (RCR), 74.3% efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI), 72.3% efficiency of conversion of digested food (ECD), 87.5% relative growth rate (RGR), 11.04% approximate digestibility (AD), and 47.6% assimilation rate...

Kiran Shahjeer1*, Gauhar Rehman1, Khurshaid Khan1 and Toheed Iqbal2

...amilies of Family Formicidae and worker caste species of genus Lepisiota collected from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa along with its spatial distributional map for all species and a sub-species is provided. All the specimen are deposited at Insect Museum, Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan. From the study, it is concluded that the fauna of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is rich in ant species. Species diversity and abundance are expected more diverse ...

Md. Mukthar Mia1 and Mahamudul Hasan2

...d in the family Parvoviridae beneath the subfamily Parvovirinae that pertains to the genus Protoparvoviorus with a high genomic replacement unlike other DNA virus; the organism is primarily segmented into three forms acknowledged as (CPV-2a, CPV-2b, and CPV-2c), which resembles to be liable for the infection’s statewide spread. For transmission, the fecal-oral pathway is deemed the most obvious route than other permissible routes. Moreover, spreading thr...
Muhammad Ramzan1*, Unsar Naeem-Ullah2, Muhammad Umair Sial2, Naeem Iqbal2 and Shafqat Saeed2
...ans (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) is serious insect pest for these precious plant species in various countries. The larvae of the pest can cause 80-100% defoliation. The various confirmed host of T. varians include Ficus benjamina, F. religiosa, F. benghalensis, F. caraica, F. infectoria, F. elastica, F. nitida, Artocarpus communis, A. heterpphyllus and A. kamansi. Fairly limited studies are documented for its chemical and biological management. For chemical contr...

Sehrish Khudadad1, Muhammad Ather Rafi2, Ahmed Zia3, Mian Sayed Khan4, Gulnaz Parveen5, Muhammad Kamal Sheikh6*, Falak Naz7, Muhammad Qasim8 and Syed Waqar Shah9

El-Habbaa, A.S.

...poxvirinae, familyPoxviridae, causesContagiousPustular Dermatitis in sheep and
goats worldwide and in Egypt. Forty samples of skin lesions from suspected 30 sheep
and 10 goats from different areas of Qaliubeya governorate were subjected
tovirusisolation on embryonated chicken eggs (ECE), antigen detection using agar gel
immune-diffusion test (AGIDT) and indirect-Immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and
mole...

Mohamed I. Azzam1, Safaa M. Ezzat1, K. A. El-Dougdoug2, Badawi A. Othman2

...ose belong to the myoviridae and siphoviridae
family. Restriction enzymes by EcoRI, HindIII and BamHI showed the presence of
double stranded (ds) DNA as well as heterogeneity among these phages. The results
showed that EcoRI produced 7, 6, 2, 9, 10, 8, 10, 7 unique fragments and HindIII
produced 2, 3, 0, 1, 2, 5, 4, 3 unique fragments while BamHI produced only 4, 0, 1, 1, 0,

Aly M. Abdel-Salam

..., Badnavirus, Caulimoviridae was
detected in the noble sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) plants in Giza and Assiut
governorates showing leaf symptoms of pronounced flecks or freckles and vein
banding which turn later to chlorotic and necrotic strips. Polymerase chain reaction
(PCR) utilizing degenerate primers for badnaviruses for the reverse trancriptase,
RT/RNase genome regions of ORF III detected t...
Eman A. Ahmed1, Osama Y. Shalaby2, Emad F. Dwidar2, Samah A. Mokbel1, Ahmed K. El-Attar1 
...s in the family Cicadellidae (leafhopper, Empoasca decipiens) and in
germinated seeds within the fruit, suggesting mechanical inoculation and seedtransmissible
were not feasible while the positive results were obtained by the other three
techniques for host plants with numerous symptoms obtained later. Transmission electron
microscopy (TEM) of experimentally inoculated samples, revealed phytoplasma in the
...

Ramy A. Qabel1; Tarek F. El-Arabi2; Adel A. Shoukry1; Hassan H. Elsebaay1; Abdel-Aziz F. El-Hamahmy1

...logical families; Myoviridae with isometric heads and contractile tails and Podoviridae with elongated heads and short tails. It can be concluded that the rhizospheres of legume plants contain high level of phage dynamics that can work in the favor of rhizobia.

...

Salama M. El-Saghir1, 2

...VS), family Betaflexiviridae; genus Carlavirus) is one of the most common
potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) viruses found infecting potato worldwide. PVS was detected only
once in Egypt in 1988. However no further studies have been made on it in Egypt recently. PVSinfection
to potatoes causes mild symptoms, viz. rugosity, mosaic, stunting, leaf bronzing, and early
leaf dropping. Heavy losses; however, can occur upon ...

Salama M. El-Saghir1, 2

...(PNRSV), family Bromoviridae, genus Ilarvirus is known
to infect stone fruit trees and causes extensive economic losses in Egypt. Distinctive symptoms with
PNRSV are necrotic ring spots on leaves, bud failure and poor quantity and quality of fruits. Upon
continuous observation of peach trees previously known to be infected with PNRSV, additional
suspected symptoms of phytoplasma infection were detected. These inv...
Ashraf S. Khameis, lamya F. Atteya, Ayman H. Mansour, Heba A. Abdelhady, Ashraf A.
Saad
...irus genus of the Poxviridae family,
which affect sheep and causes significant economic losses in El Menofiya Governorate.
Objectives: The present study was applied for isolation and molecular identification of Sheep pox
virus from clinically affected sheep in El Menofiya governorate, Egypt during 2016. Additionally, the
isolated agent was identified using electron microscopy (EM).
Methods: Thirty fiv...
Zahid Mahmood Sarwar1*, Ayub Iqbal Malik1, Maryam Suhail2, Shafqat Saeed3, Muhammad Umair Sial3, Waqar Jaleel4, Muhammad Nadir Naqqashand Qamar Saeed1
...axonomic review of Noctuidae becomes superlative and very essential with this contextual the state of Pakistan. This was selected to the taxonomic study of Noctuidae. This research is initiative clue for further description, illustration and classification of unidentified species of the genus Spodoptera from Pakistan.
...
Othman N. O. Mansour 1, Naglaa Hagag 2, Momtaz A. Shahein 1, Sayed S. Hassan 1 Ahmed
A. EL-Sanousi 3 and Mohamed A. Shalaby3
...of
coronaviridae family which appeared firstly in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. MERS affects the lower
respiratory tract of human. There are many researches which emphasized that camels are carrier for
MERS-CoV.
Objective: This study aim to know the extent of prevalence of new Exotic diseases like MERS among
imported camels from some endemic countries in Africa, and to check our local breeds of camels in

Mohamed F. ElKersh1, Fatma M. Abdalla2, Gamilat K. Farg2, Soad A. Nasef3, Ahmed A. Ali2

...fied within Orthomyxoviridae that is highly mutating virus. AIV was founded in Egypt since 2006. Control and prevention of AIV done via good managemental procedures, as well as strict quarantine measures and enhanced bio-security. Regular diagnosis and viral screening will be helpful in the eradication of the new strains to predict the newly coming waves of infection and to be able to develop the recommended vaccines. Objective: Our study aimed for Molecular D...
Ahmed A. ElWakil1, Ausama A. Yousif2 , Adel A. Fayed3, Ibrahim M. elsabagh2, Mahmoud
El Gamal2, Omnia H. Refaei3
...us of
Poxviridae. Blood-feeding arthropods like mosquitoes, flies and, African tick species play a role in
LSDV maintenance and transmission. Mechanical transmission of LSDV is well documented;
however, evidence of transovarian and transstadial transmission is a tick warrants an investigation into
the replication capacity of the virus in ticks. Transstadial occurs when virus remains with vector from
o...

 Yongmin Li1,2, Huabin Zhang1, Xiaoyou Wu1, Dongwei Li 2, Peng Yan1 and Xiaobing Wu1*

...si (family Rhacophoridae). The R. dennysi mitogenome (18,052 bp) contained the 37 genes and a single control region (CR) typically found in neobatrachian mtDNAs. In the new mt genome, the ND5 gene and a TLPF tRNA cluster (tRNAThr, tRNALeu(CUN), tRNAPro and tRNAPhe) were located between the CR and the 12S rRNA gene. R. dennysi mitochondrial gene rearrangements observed here could be exp...

Syed Ismat Hussain1, Khalid Mehmood2, Mudassar Khaliq3, Habib Anwar1, Syed Muhammad Zaka4, Ateeq ur Rehman5*, Muhammad Shahid6, Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi5*, Ummad ud Din Umar5 and Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar7

... S. Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is one of the most destructive pests of cotton. Observations were recorded about pest infestation. Metrological data was collected of each district’s head quarter on daily basis for the year 2017. For accumulation of degree days model, Huber’s method was adopted and data for calculation of generations by accumulating progressive degree days was observed highly significant i.e., P>0.0001. In the present study, the ac...

Jie Gao1, Guannan Wang1, Chuang Zhou1, Megan Price2, Jinnan Ma1, Xiaohong Sun1, Benping Chen3, Xiuyue Zhang2 and Bisong Yue1*

...eing placed within Sylviidae (superfamily Sylvioidea)and for babblers being separated into two families, Sylviidae and Timaliidae, with four subfamilies within Timaliidae. This is one of many taxonomic arrangements for babblers and there is likely to be continuous debate until a consensus is reached. Consequently, our study’s complete mitochondrial...
Houqiang Luo1*, Yanfang Lan2, Ping Gan3, Wenjun Zhou4, Meng Wang1
Bing Hu5, Zhuning Zhang5, Yu Bai1* and Kun Li6*
Wenjuan Yan1, Qunlan Zhou2, Bo Liu2,3*, Cunxin Sun2, Huimin Zhang3 and Changyou Song2
...effects of Isaria cicadae Miquel (I. cicadae) on growth performance and meat quality of giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii). The prawns were fed with five isonitrogenous (40.54% crude protein) and isolipid (6.16% crude lipid) diets with different I. cicadae levels (0, 100, 200, 400, and 800 mg Kg-1). Results revealed that I. cica
Muhammad Khaled Siddiq1, Muhammad Adeeb Babar1,2*, Muhammad Akbar Khan1, Muhammad Umar Ijaz3,Sayyed Ghyour Abbas1, Muhammad Asim1Asif Mahmood Qureshi4, Mahboob Iqbal4 and Muhammad Akhtar4

Moheem Khan1, Arif Ali1*, Shafique Ahmed Memon1, Taimoor Khan Qambrani2, Ghulam Khaliq3, Jahanzaib Khan1, Saghir Ahmed1, Azmat Hussain Abro4 and Sohail Azeem Baloch1

Muhammad Irfan Ullah1*, Muhammad Arshad1, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1, Nimra Altaf1, Muhammad Afzal2

...uwayama (Homoptera: Liviidae) and citrus leafminer (CLM), Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) are imperative insect pests of citrus orchards due to their relation with bacterial diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of soil-applied insecticides against these insect pests. The results of present study showed that soil application of imidacloprid gave a significant co...
Tanmoy Mandal1 and Sunil Kr. Ghosh2*
...(Diptera: Agromyzidae) is a major pest and very harmful to som plant leaves. From observation it is found that leaf miner was found active throughout the year on som plant leaves. Higher population level was maintained during 27th standard week to 34th standard week that is during 1st week of July to last week of August with highest population (20.42 larvae/5 leaves) recorded on 32nd standard week that is on t...
Huijuan Sheng1, Xiang Xu1, Haiqiang Yin1*and Muhammad Irfan1,2
Muhammad Bilal Tayyab1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Muhammad Asam Riaz1, Muhammad Anjum Aqueel2, Sylvain Nafiba Ouedraogo3, Muhammad Luqman4, Kanwer Shahzad Ahmed1 and Mujahid Tanvir1
...na citri Kuwayama (Psyllidae: Hemiptera) and cotton aphid Aphis gossypii Glover (Aphididae: Hemiptera) are destructive sap-sucking pests of citrus and cotton, respectively. Extensive use of persistent synthetic insecticides against these pests poses issues of environmental contaminations and health hazards and suggests looking for alternate biorational plant protection measures such as botanical pesticides. This study evalua...

Hafiz Muhammad Tahir*, Iram Liaqat*, Junaid Nadeem, Hammad Aamir and Shaukat Ali

Aiman Amur1*, Nasreen Memon1, Pervaiz Khan2 and Fozia Gull3

...ssorted group of Tephritidae family, attacking on several fruits. The Bactrocera dorsalis is one of the complex fruit flies of this diver’s genius, hunting on very delicious fruits such as mango. The purpose of this study is to observe the relationship among the environmental and host effects on the outbreak of this crucial pest. The research work was conducted in two gardens (50 hectors) of mango fields of Mirpur Khas, known as mango land of Sindh durin...
Amal E. Abdel-Hady*, Sara M. El-Amir, Noura S. Al-Muttri and Heba M. El-Hariri
...s opheodurus (Lacertidae), Mesalina guttulata guttulata (Lacertidae) and Trapelus ruderatus blanfordi (Agamidae). Skin specimens were prepared and investigated by using scanning electron microscopy. The microornamenation of the examined species exhibited different pattern in the same microhabitat. Variety was observed in the two related species, having a common family, La...
Amin Arif1, Khizar Samiullah1*, Riffat Yasin2, Bilal Rasool1, Shakila Naz1, Xijun Ni3 and Saleem Akhtar1
... belong to family Giraffidae which include right and left maxilla, isolated upper premolars and molars. After morphological and comparative analysis, the collection is attributed to Giraffokeryx punjabiensis and Giraffa priscilla. Size variation in dentition is taxonomically important for vertebrate evolutionary point of view and this is the main reason to conduct this study at this specific site to add additional information about family Giraffi...
Ömer Ertürk and Beyhan Taş*
...noptera: Apocrita, Sphecidae) has been reported in Eroupe and Turkey. S. curvatum is an invasive species. Rapidly spreading to Europe from Southeast Asia. It is distributed throughout Europe today. There are also records from transoceanic America continent. For anthropophilic S. curvatum species, the first record was made from Turkey, in 2015. In this study, a new locality record was made for this species from the province of Ordu, which is in Ce...
Qazi Muhammad Noman1, Farhan Mahmood Shah1, Khalid Mahmood2 and Muhammad Razaq1*
... flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) species pose a significant threat to mango and citrus production worldwide including Pakistan. In the present study we identified and monitored the population dynamics of fruit flies species using male attractants Attrex® (methyl eugenol 98%, evyol group) and static Spinosad® (spinosad 2% and methyl eugenol 51%, target group) in mango and citrus orchards at different locations in Multan, Southern Punj...

Muhammad Usman Asif*, Raza Muhammad, Waseem Akbar, Mubasshir Sohail, Muhammad Awais and Javed Asgher Tariq

...s) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), was investigated from January 2016 to December 2018 in Tandojam, Pakistan, through pheromone trapping. Results showed that adult moths were present throughout the year in Tandojam. Moth abundance varied among months due to differences in weather conditions and host availability. The greatest moth populations were observed from August to November. Peak abundance occurred in September 2016 and 2017 (103.8 and 95.8 moths/trap, respe...

Muhammad Usman Hanif, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed*, Muhammad Arshad, Muhammad Irfan Ullah

...a (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), is a cosmopolitan phytophagous pest and causes severe damage to various cucurbitaceous and solanaceous vegetables. This laboratory work was aimed to determine the comparative toxicity of three differential-chemistry insecticides (i.e. emamectin benzoate 1.9 EC, spinosad 240 EC and lufenuron 50 EC) and the aqueous extracts of three local plant species (i.e. Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn., Citrus limon L. and Azadirachta indica A. ...
Muhammad Rizwan1*, Bilal Atta1, Misbah Rizwan2, Arshed Makhdoom Sabir1, Muhammad Tahir3, Muhammad Sabar1, Muddassar Ali1 and Muhammad Yasir Ali4
Abdullah Abdo Albegali1, Tayyaba Aftab1, Atiq-ur-Rehman1*, Amir Rashid1 and Mayada Mohammad1,2
...f this plant in hyperlipidaemia Wistar albino rats induced by Triton X-100. There were 4 groups of rats: Group A served as normal; Group B, C and D were given high cholesterol diet and administered with intraperitoneal injection of Triton X-100 to induce hyperlipidaemia. Group B was administered with distilled water and high cholesterol diet on daily basis during the whole treatment and served as hyperlipi
Imran Bodlah1*, Muhammad Tariq Rasheed1, Muhammad Farooq Nasir1, Tariq Mahmood2 and Muhammad Asif3
...a (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fabricius, 1781) and Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens, 1836) (Chrysopidae: Neuroptera) were found to be the bio-control agents of P. simlae.

...

Mirza Gul1*, Muhammad Zahid1, Ikram Ilahi2, Hazrat Ali2*, Fida Hussain3 and Muhammad Anwar Sajad3

Sadaf Shahid1, Abdul Razzaq2, Gul-Makai1, Asim Shamim3*, Hafiz Muhammad Rizwan4, Rana Hamid Ali Nisar5, Qaiser Akram6, Mohsin Nawaz3 

Saeed Ahmed Essote1, Asim Iqbal1, Muhammad Kamran Taj2*, Asmatullah Kakar1, Imran Taj2, Shahab-ud-Din Kakar1 and Imran Ali 3,4*

...ed specimens has been Boidae (4.6%), Leptotyphlopidae (7.5%), Typhlopidae (10.3%), Elapidae (11.7%), Viperidae (13.4%) and Colubridae (52.5%). The percentage of family Boidae, Typhlopidae, Elapi

Martha Echioda Ogbole*, James Agbo Ameh, Samuel Mailafia, Olatunde Hamza Olabode and Bridget Jessica Adah

...s of the family Arenaviridae, transmitted by the Mastomys natalensis rodent. This retrospective study was undertaken to determine the annual prevalence, distribution and case fatality rate (CFR) of LF in Nigeria with a view to establish the disease burden and dynamics, and to guide a sustainable control plan. The LF weekly epidemiological reports were obtained from the Nigeria Center for Disease Control (NCDC) between January 2016 - January 2021. Positive case...

Najeeb Ullah1*, Adnan Ihsan1, Syed Fahad Shah1, Kamran Sohail1, Muhammad Sohail Khan1 and Said Hussain Shah2

...cted specimens of Formicidae from Kahuta Azad Kashmir Pakistan Pseudoneoponera rufipes Jerdon, 1851 is reported for the first time from part of region. Morphological descriptions and digital images are provided. 

...

Sajad Ali Solangi1, Jamal-U-Ddin Hajano1*, Rehana Naz Syed1, Sohail Ahmed Otho2, Khadim Hussain Wagan1, Agha Mushtaque Ahmed2, Fahad Nazir Khoso2, Aftab Raza Jarwar3 and Suman Tarique Qazi1

...virus, family: Geminiviridae) and transmitted by whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) is considered as the most devastating one. Recently, available tomato varieties are not screened against this disease in the agro-ecosystem of Sindh Province of Pakistan. Therefore, in this study 12 commercial varieties of tomato such as, TO-1057, Advanta-1225, T-1359, Yaqui, Sahil, Ayushman, Early king, Advanta-1211, Kiara, Lima, Advanta-1209 and Ashoka were screened against the diseas...

Noor Muhammad* and Shah Alam Khan

... Kalt. (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a serious threat to this crop. This experiment was conducted with an aim to screen out selected canola cultivars for their tolerance against L. erysimi infestation under glass-house conditions. Experiment was carried out using completely randomized design with ten replications for each treatment during growing seasons of 2018 and 2019. Data were documented based on the tolerance indices (TI) and proportional plant dry weight c...
Muhammad Faisal Riaz1, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1*, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1 and Talha Nazir2
...Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) are small soft-bodied sap-sucking insects with about 5,000 described species worldwide. Many of the aphid species are destructive pests of a wide array of horticultural and agricultural plants. This study determined the prevailing diversity of aphids on different economically important plantations in district Sargodha. From November to April 2018-2019 and 2019-2020, about 51,000 apterous adult aphid specimens were collected from v...

Hassan Ali1, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1* and Muhammad Imran Hamid2

...rts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), is an economically important stored grain and quarantine pest. It has developed considerable resistance to phosphine and other frequently used grain protectants. This situation necessitates looking for alternate biorational control options such as botanical and microbial insecticides. This in-vitro study assessed the anti-insect potential of four local plant extracts and two promising microbial formulations against 5th instar lar...

Naila Shahzadi1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1*, Shaukat Ali1, Muhammad Farooq Bhatti2, Azizullah1, Shafaat Yar Khan3, Abdul Khaliq4

... L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) have been enhanced with natural food supplements. The current review highlights details about the overview of sericulture, constrains of sericulture industry being faced by local farmers in Pakistan and impact of natural food supplements on silkworms growth and cocoon yield. 
 
Novelty Statement | In this review article current activities related to sericulture and met...

Leila Shirani Bidabadi1,2, Mulood Mohammadi Bavani3, Fatemeh Janjani4, Abedin Sghafipour5*

... these families, Theridiidae and Sicariidae are the most medically important. The genus Latrodectus (Theridiidae) is the most dangerous spiders in Iran and it comprising five species. Among which Latrodectus tredecimguttatus (black widow spider) is the most poisonous spiders in Iran. Different parts of Qom province were searched for poisonous spiders; captured specimens were identified at ...

Muhammad Rizwan, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed*, Muhammad Arshad

...) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) has become a serious pest of many horticultural crops including citrus. Population studies are important to understand the abundance, life history and estimating extinction probability. The present study was conducted in three localities (tehsils) of district Sargodha during 2017 to determine the population dynamics of D. mangiferae nymphs and adults on citrus plants. Results showed that the average population of mealybug nymphs (...

Mudssar Ali1*, Muhammad Awais Ahmad1, Asif Sajjad2 and Shafqat Saeed1

...espectively. Among Syrphidae, Eristalinus aeneus was the most abundant followed by E. laetus while E. arvorum was the least. In Apidae, Apis dorsata was the most abundant followed by Lasioglossum sp (Halictidae) while Xylocopa sp. was the least abundant bee species. The foraging behavior in terms of visitation rate proved A. dorsata and Lasioglossum sp. as the most efficient pollinators fo...

Zunaira Noreen* and Khawar Sultan

...a ratio of 8%. The Cuculidae was the most diverse avian family while Sturnidae and Corvidae were the most abundant families. From recorded 37 bird species, 29 were using the forest as habitat and 5 were air borne. Thirty-three species were resident, one summer migrant and 3 winter migrants. The multinomial analyses and principal component analysis (PCA) results showed that out of 29 specie...

Muhammad Tahir Jan1,2, Mushtaq Ahmad Saleem3,*, Muhammad Binyameen1,* and Sarfraz Ali Shad1

... Fab (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is serious Asiatic pest, particularly associated with cotton in Pakistan. The study was planned to determine response of long and short duration cotton genotypes to E. vittella infestation. Field experiment was conducted at the Central Cotton Research Institute, Multan for two years. Long and short duration genotypes were sown during the 3rd week of May to investigate their response to E. vittella. E. vittella infestation (damage ...
Muhammad Tariq Khan1, Muhammad Ather Rafi2, Riffat Sultana3*, Anjum Munir1 and Sajjad Ahmad4

Luan Arthur Queiros Lima, Talita Monielly Alves de Oliveira, Thiara Guimarães Maia, Ayko Shimabukuro, Itainara Taili, Raul dos Santos and Cecilia Calabuig*

Aqsa Fayyaz1, Muhammad Kashif Zahoor1*, Asma Ashraf2, Muhammad Asif Zahoor3, Azhar Rasul2, Humara Naz Majeed4, Muhammad Zulhussnain1, Kanwal Ranian1, Bushra Riaz1, Nazia Khalil1 and Attaullah1
Adnan Ihsan*, Najeeb Ullah, Muhammad Usman, Syed Fahad Shah, Misbahullah, Riaz Hussain and Jawad Sarwar

Waqar Khan1, Muhammad Atif Khan1, Waseem Abbas1, Muhammad Shakeel1, Hammad Uddin2 and Bismillah Shah1*

Mubasshir Sohail*, Qadeer Ahmed Soomro, Raza Muhammad, Muhammad Usman Asif and Imran Rauf

M.A. Salam1,*, Sarada Kanta Bhagabati1, Rajdeep Datta1, H. Ramananda Singh2 and Gunajit Oinam2

...cies of the lake. Cyprinidae family was the most dominant comprising of 52 % of the total fish species. The study observed that, maximum ichthyofaunal diversity was recorded in the month of July, 2020 (29 species). The maximum and minimum value of Simpson index was recorded during December, 2019 and August, 2020 with an index value of 0.9278 and 0.6778, respectively. The observed Shannon index value showed maximum in September, 2019 (2.843). The present findin...

Haroon1, Chen-Xu Ye1, Yu-Xin Li1, Hong-Xin Zhang1, Qing Liu1, Xiao-Hong Su1,2,3 and Lian-Xi Xing1,2,3,*

Nkiru E. Ekechukwu, Felicia N. Ekeh, Chinenye M. Ohanu, Hope C. Ezinwa and Ifeanyi Oscar N. Aguzie*

...domestica (Diptera: Muscidae) being the most abundant species encountered. Equitability index of evenness revealed that Calliphora vomitoria, Blattella orientalis, Monomorium minimum, Dermestes lardarius, Lucilia caesar, Musca domestica, and Calosoma scrutator were evenly distributed. While the lowest evenness was recorded in Ikpa. The information generated from this study will provide the much needed assistance in disease monitoring and guideline in health po...

Abdul Majeed1, Zhenlin Liang2, Lixin Zhu2, Chunli Liu2, Muhsan Ali Kalhoro1,* and Faisal Saeed1

...cad, belonging to Carangidae family widely spread in tropical waters. A. djedaba is commercially important fish species from northern Arabian Sea, Pakistani waters. Present study was conducted on stock status of shrimp scad A. djedaba fishery from Balochistan coast, Pakistan. The data was collected from March 2019 to February 2020, and a total of 1,027 pairs of length-weight and length-frequency data distribution were measured. Computer software FiSAT package ...

Mujahid Tanvir1, Muhammad Asam Riaz1*, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1, Mazhar Iqbal Zafar2, Muhammad Tariq3 and Muhammad Bilal Tayyab1

Muhammad Ismail1,*, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1 and Umair Abbas1 and Riaz Hussain2

...endel) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is one of the economic pests of horticultural crops. This invasive species causes substantial economic loss to citrus produce each year in Pakistan. Farmers rely on persistent synthetic insecticides for fruit fly control. Insecticidal phytoextracts are biorational alternates to hazardous synthetic insecticides. This study evaluated the efficacy of aqueous extracts of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss), garlic (Allium sativum L.), g...

Mahreen Hanif*, Shafqat Saeed, Mudssar Ali, Muqadas Younas, Huda Bilal, Syeda Fatima Bukhari

...m (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) during the controlled condition. Adults of T. castaneum was released on all packaging to evaluate its damage in packaging and data recorded after 15 days interval. A series of laboratory tests were observed over three months to determine the penetration of T. castaneum in different packages. Results showed that the highest population of T. castaneum (larvae and adult) as well as greater weight loss (%) in chickpea was recorded in ...
Faiza Saleem1, Aly Khan2*, Rafia Rehana Ghazi3, Nasira Khatoon1, Samina Waheed1, Mian Sayed Khan4

Arfan Ahmed Gilal1*, Lubna Bashir Rajput1, Muhammad Ibrahim Kubar1, Ghulam Murtaza Kaleri2, Tanzeela-ul-Zahra1,3, Muhammad Ishaque Mastoi4 and Zeeshan Rasheed1

Nimra Altaf1, Muhammad Arshad1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1, Muhammad Irfan Ullah1*, Hamza Latif1, Muhammad Zeeshan1, Gulfam Yousuf1 and Muhammad Afzal2

...ith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a destructive insect pest of various economic crops. This species was first reported in Pakistan during 2019, and is now an emerging threat to Pakistan’s Agriculture. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of a synthetic insecticide Chlorantraniliprole in comparison to different concentrations of single botanical, i.e., neem leaf extract @ (50 ppm and 100 ppm) against FAW larvae in maize. Our finding...
Ch. Muhammad Rafiq1, Muhammad Rizwan1*, Bilal Atta1, Arshed Makhdoom Sabir1, Misbah Rizwan2, Muhammad Arshad3, Muhammad Zeeshan3, Hamza Latif3, Usama Bin Khalid1, Shawaiz Iqbal1
...g;l) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) is a serious insect pest of rice crops throughout Asia. In case of a severe attack, the whole crop turns brown called ‘hopperburn’ and farmers face great yield losses. The experiments were performed to evaluate the planting geometry and nutritional effects on N. lugens abundance and yield attributes of the crop using susceptible rice (var. Basmati 515). Results indicated that planting geometries with more space (60 and...
Basel A. Abokhadra, Samah M. Mosad, Sahar Abd El Rahman*
...d DNA virus of Herpesviridae family. Closely related alpha herpesviruses; BoHV-1 and Bovine herpes virus-5 (BoHV-5) have the same antigenic and genetic relatedness. BoHV-1 is one of the viruses that incriminated in respiratory disease; affects the genital tract and causes significant economic losses to domestic cattle in Egypt. Although BoHV-5 mainly causes encephalitis in calves, the virus is excreted in nasal discharge under stress factors, so herpesvirus la...

Abdul Hafeez Mastoi1, Muhammad Rashid Nizamani2, Shafique Ahmed Memon3, Jun Jiang1, Xiang-Shun Hu1* and Tong-Xian Liu1*

...arris) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) population parameters to selected high temperatures (27, 30, 33, 36, 39°C) on 5 cultivars of pea, Pisum sativum L., was determined in laboratory testing. Of the 5 pea cultivars and 5 temperature levels included in our study, the highest values of the population parameters of net reproductive rate, intrinsic rate increase, finite rate increase, generation time, and fecundity of A. pisum was observed at 27°C, regardless of p...
C.A. Angel-Sahagún1, J.E. Ortega Palomares1, A.A. Hernández-Rangel1, C. Cruz-Vázquez2, R. Montesinos-Matias3, M. Valencia-Posadas1 and A.M. Cruz-Avalos4*

Tooba Ather1, Muhammad Rafiq Shahid2*, Muhammad Ahsin Ayub3, Javed Iqbal2, Muhammad Asim Bhutta2, Muhammad Akram2, Naveeda Anjum4, Muhammad Rizwan6, Hafeezur Rehman5 and Umar Farooq5

Muhammad Rizwan, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza*, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed and Muhammad Arshad

...) (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) is one of the most important polyphagous insect pests of different fruit crops including citrus. A potential strategy to be fitted in integrated management of mealybug would be the use of phytoextracts having insecticidal activity. The main objective of this study was to find out the toxic effect of various plant extracts against D. mangiferae. Three concentrations (i.e. 6.25, 12.5 and 25.0%) of leaf extracts of neem, Azadirachta ...

Misbah ud Din1, Shah Alam Khan1, Said Hussain Shah1,2* and Najeeb Ullah3

...ysimi) (Homoptera: Aphididae) is a destructive insect pest that causes significant losses in the yield of canola crops. It is essential to find out the management strategies of this pest for higher canola production. Synthetic insecticides and bio-pesticides are used to control L. erysimi. The present study evaluated the efficacy of different pesticides against mustard aphids in selected mustard cultivars under field conditions. The experiment was carried out ...

Misbah ud Din1, Shah Alam Khan1, Said Hussain Shah1,2* and Najeeb Ullah3

...ysimi) (Homoptera: Aphididae) is a destructive insect pest that causes significant losses in the yield of canola crops. It is essential to find out the management strategies of this pest for higher canola production. Synthetic insecticides and bio-pesticides are used to control L. erysimi. The present study evaluated the efficacy of different pesticides against mustard aphids in selected mustard cultivars under field conditions. The experiment was carried out ...

Amna Sulaman1, Qurat-ul-Ain Ijaz1, Muhammad Shafi2 and Faiz Muhammad1*

...cies of family Turbinellidae except for the individual of the same species from India’s west coast. Individuals of this species have demonstrated less genetic difference. The present findings will be beneficial for taxonomists and future researchers of the region. 
 
Novelty Statement | An important species of gastropod known as Turbinella pyrum (Lin-neaus, 1967) has been identified for the f...

Mian Sabahatullah* and Maqsood Shah

...nae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) is recorded for the first from Pakistan. A new species Opiognathus nitidus M. Sabahatullah & Shah sp.nov. is described and illustrated. Five species of the subfamily Opiinae are reported for the first time from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The newly reported species are Areotetes carinuliferus, Indiopius fischeri, Phaedrotoma biharensis, Phaedrotoma angiclypeata and Xynobius maculipennis. New distributional data fo...
Zain-ul-Aabdin Abro1*, Naheed Baloch1, Raza Muhammad Memon2, Niaz Hussain Khuhro2 and Iram Shaikh1
...salis) (Diptera: Tephritidae) associated with mango and guava fruits were studied during (January, 2019 to December, 2019) to determine the population dynamics of these notorious pests in different climatic zones of Sindh Province. Steiner type (Tando Jam) traps baited with methyl eugenol and 5% pesticide were incorporated in the guava and mango orchards of Hyderabad and Larkana. Fruit flies were trapped in the field throughout the year. The results revealed t...

Farheen Shaikh*, Saima Naz and Nadir Ali Birmani

... large family of Phasianidae (Aves: Galliformes). The lice have strong mandibles with biting mouth parts and develop specific host-parasite relationship. They cause acute to chronic infestation to hosts directly. These parasitic insects are the source of various diseases, like flue, and also serve as a vector of some bacteria and helminthes parasites. Presently only one type of host, guinea fowl Numida meleagris (Linnaeus, 1758) was selected and examined for p...

Kanwal Hanif1, Dilbar Hussain1, Qurban Ali1, Asad Aslam1*, Tamsila Nazir1, Muhammad Saleem1, Muhammad Faheem Akhtar1, Muhammad Zubair2, Najuf Awais Anjum3 and Muhammad Umar Qasim1

...menoptera; Trichogrammatidae) is a genus of parasitic wasps that are powerful biocontrol agents against a variety of insect pests. These biological control agents retain their importance due to their easy mass rearing, high searching ability and effectiveness against many crop insect pests. In this study the toxicological effect of seven insecticides viz Flubendiamide (Belt 480 SC)@ 500 ul/l, Pyriproxyfen (Priority 10.8 EC) @ 2000 µl/l, Chlorantranilipro...

Yêyinou Laura Estelle Loko1*, Joelle Toffa1, Azize Orobiyi1, Gbèblonoudo Anicet Dassou2, Rolande Okpeicha1, Dieudonné Gavoedo1 and Alexandre Dansi2

...icius (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) is an important pest of stored soybean grains. It is imperative to screen out the prevailing genotypes of Beninese soybean cropping systems in order to find out the resistant ones against C. maculatus infestations. The effect of seven grain physical traits (testa thickness, colour, texture, hardness, length, breadth, and 100-grain mass) on the susceptibility of eight soybean varieties to C. maculatus were evaluated in the laborato...

Abdul Latif1, Shahid Sattar1, Fazal Maula2, Imtiaz Khan4*, Asim Iqbal3 and Said Hussain Shah1*

Syed Ishfaq Ali Shah1,3, Azaz Ahmad2 and Wanzhi Cai1,*

... The genitalia in Reduviidae are commonly used for species identification and in present studies, because of identical genitalia, A. flavipes Stål, 1855 stat. restit. is restored as a junior synonym of A. quinquespinosa. The authors surveyed different locations of Pakistan for members of Reduviinae. In this context, Acanthaspis rafiqi Shah and Cai sp. nov., is described, including descriptions of genitalia and detailed illustrations giving important diag...

Syeda Batool Zehra1, Abdullah G. Arijo2, Aly Khan3, Nasira Khatoon1* and Samina Waheed1

...ris) belong to the Oxyuridae family which cause enterobiasis, under unsanitary conditions, the Oxyruidae family causes health concerns, particularly in children. Samples were collected from the laboratory of Jinnah Hospital, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. The data of 60 pinworm-infected children were recorded. These children were of various sexes and ages. Pinworm prevalence in children by gender from 2019 to 2020 demonstrates th...

Yasemin Yıldırım Meşepınar and İlker Kepenekci*

...r) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) (PTM) is the most destructive pest. One of the most successful groups of biological control agents against soil insect pests are the entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) in the families Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae. This study assessed the effects of EPNs (Nematoda: Steinernematidae) species [Steinernema feltiae (Bal�...

Hanaa H.A. Gomaa1*, Dalia Y.Z. Amin1, Mona A. Ismail1 and Khalid A. El-Dougdoug2

...usin the family Flexiviridae. In this study, the virus isolated from fig plants belongs to the genus Trichovirus in the family Flexiviridae.

...

Ty Nguyen, Giang Thi Huong Phung, Lan Le Thuy Hoang and Giang Van Tran*

...us, belongs to the Mugilidae family, is an important fish species in view of its immense contribution to the need of this country in terms of nutrition, economic growth and development. The results of morphometric and genetic analysis of M. cunnesius in this study contributed the documents for identification and the genetic diversity, which are the basis for further research about M. cunnesius in breeding, species conservation and management at the Tam Giang C...

Mahmut Islamoglu

... (Heteroptera; Scutelleridae) is the most important pest in Turkey and West Asian countries. In our country, it causes important economic losses in wheat with the epidemics it has made from time to time. E. integriceps spends most of its life in overwintering sites. It is thought that knowing the wintering characteristics of Sunn pest will provide important advantages in the fight against this pest. In this study; The effects of air temperature, soil temperatu...
Yasir Hameed, Muhammad Rizwan, Muhammad Shahzaib, Muhammad Sarmad, Muhammad Farrukh Hamid, Syed Muhammad Zaka*, Khalid Abbas and Muhammad Zakria
... S. (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), is an important predator of many aphid species such as Lipaphis erysimi and Diuraphis noxia. In biological control C. carnea is most effective predator in controlling of aphid species. The functional response of all larval stages of C. carnea is calculated over a time of 24h at different prey densities (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50). Functional response of three larval instars was calculated using a logistic regression model, where han...
Yasir Hameed, Muhammad Rizwan, Muhammad Shahzaib, Muhammad Sarmad, Muhammad Farrukh Hamid, Syed Muhammad Zaka*, Khalid Abbas and Muhammad Zakria
... S. (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), is an important predator of many aphid species such as Lipaphis erysimi and Diuraphis noxia. In biological control C. carnea is most effective predator in controlling of aphid species. The functional response of all larval stages of C. carnea is calculated over a time of 24h at different prey densities (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50). Functional response of three larval instars was calculated using a logistic regression model, where han...
Yasir Hameed, Muhammad Rizwan, Muhammad Shahzaib, Muhammad Sarmad, Muhammad Farrukh Hamid, Syed Muhammad Zaka*, Khalid Abbas and Muhammad Zakria
... S. (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), is an important predator of many aphid species such as Lipaphis erysimi and Diuraphis noxia. In biological control C. carnea is most effective predator in controlling of aphid species. The functional response of all larval stages of C. carnea is calculated over a time of 24h at different prey densities (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50). Functional response of three larval instars was calculated using a logistic regression model, where han...

Arif Mehmood1*, Muhammad Asam Riaz1, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1, Waqas Raza2, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1

Bilal Saeed Khan1*, Muhammad Arslan1, Abdul Ghaffar2, Muhammad Farooq2, Saghir Ahmad3, Sami Ullah4 and Awais Rasool5

...ere recognized as Laelapidae, Pachylaelapidae, Ameroseiidae, Macrochelidae, Parasitidae, Phytoseiidae, Uropodidae, and Bdellidae. Macrochelidae and Parasiti

Nosheen Jehajo*, Nasreen Memon, Mansoor Ali Shah and Naheed Shah

...) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), thus, it was important to handle the pest infestation on legume grains in order to reduce the economic losses. A laboratory experiment was conducted in August-November, 2019. The experiment was laid out at (30±2 ºC and 65±5% relative humidity), to investigate the insecticidal efficacy of Azadirachta indica (A. Juss) (neem) and Ricinus cummunis (L.) (castor) seeds oil that effect the various biological parameter...

Bilal Atta1*, Arshed Makhdoom Sabir1, Syed Sultan Ali1, Muhammad Rizwan2, Muhammad Dildar Gogi3, Muhammad Usman Saleem1, Tahir Hussain Awan4, Tahir Latif4, Mohsin Ali Raza1, Muhammad Afzal5 and Nadeem Rehman6

Naila Shahzadi1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1*, Azizullah1, Muhamamd Farooq Bhatti2, Shaukat Ali1, Muhamamd Summer1 and Farman Ahmad Chaudhary3

...L.) (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) was recorded. The 5th instar (day 1) mulberry silkworms were divided into four groups of 20 each: namely a control and three experimental groups. Plain (untreated) mulberry leaves were offered to the control group while experimental groups were fed on the mulberry leaves treated with exogenous nutrients alone (5% sericin, 3% honey) and in combination (5% sericin + 3% honey). Results showed that the larval weight of G3 (3% honey) (...

Arif Mehmood1*, Muhammad Naeem2, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1, Muhammad Asam Riaz1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1, Nadra Khan3 and Waqas Raza4

Sumaria Maqsood1*, Muhammad Ali 2, Amna Shoaib3, Shahbaz Ahmad2 and Noor-ul-Ain2

...ner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is the threatening pests of many plants including tomatoes. In vitro, mass-rearing of S. litura is essential to attain a large number of insects with good quality for bio-ecological studies and biological control programs. In the current study, a modified diet was formulated and assessed against two diets used for mass rearing of S. litura, and tomato fruits were taken as a natural diet. Results revealed that development attribut...

Cristina Stanca Moise1*, Cornelia Chimisliu2, Mihaela Arinton3, Tom Brereton4 and George Moise1

Ilhama G. Kerimova1*, Viktor A.Krivokhatsky2, Merve N. Aydemir3 and Lala N. Mamedova4

...owlflies of the Ascalaphidae family into one cluster, opposed to the cluster that unites all the studied antlions (Myrmeleontidae). Thus, the proposal to merge the Myrmeleontidae and Ascalaphidae into one family as suggested by Machado et al. (2018) is not supported by our data. 
 
Novelty Statement | The article present...

Nam Thanh Nguyen1,2,3, Linh Manh Ha4, Anh Thi Nguyen5, Nam Hoang Chu5, Hau Duc Tran5, Hung Phuc Nguyen5 and Thuy Thi Ta6*

Monu Karki, Amit Kumar and Gnanavel Venkatesan*

...irus genus of the Poxviridae family and is known to cause zoonotic affection sporadically. The main attraction to this virus has always been its wide range of virulence factors, known to be responsible for deceiving the host’s defense strategies and causing re-infection within a year of infection. From viroceptors like chemokine binding protein to GM-CSF and IL-2 inhibiting factors, to virokine like Interleukin-10, shifting the cell cycle phase (Poxviral...

Dzulhelmi Muhammad Nasir1,*, Suriyanti Su2, Van Lun Low3, Zulqarnain Mohamed1 and Norma-Rashid Yusoff1

...ers (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) in Malaysia. Generally, the molecular data of tetragnathid spiders was consistent with their classification based upon morphological characteristics, though species boundary of Opadometa grata and Leucauge decorate could not be resolved by 18S gene.

...
E. Yavuzaslanoglu1†, U. Gozel2, C. Gozel2 and M. Aydogdu3
...ella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Soil samples were
collected from 130 apple orchards in April 2012 and 2013. Entomopathogenic nematodes were found in 25 samples
(19.23%). Entomopathogenic nematodes species isolated: Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar, 1976 (Rhabditida:
Heterorhabditidae) (16.92%) and Steinernema feltiae (Filipjev, 1934) (Rhabditida: Steinernematida...

A. Sattar1, †, A. Khan2, N. Khatoon1 and A. Mujahid3

... belonging to family Ariidae (Blecker, 1862). Four species of catfishes namely Arius arius (Hamilton, 1822),
Arius caelatus (Valenciennes, 1840), Arius dussumieri (Valenciennes, 1840) and Arius sona (Hamilton, 1822) off
the Karachi coast were screened for the occurrence of helminth parasites. Fish were examined after washing
contents of gastrointestinal tract and observed under light microscope with the help of regular paras...

I. Kepenekci1†, S. Toksöz2, T. Atay1 and I. Saruhan2

...v>(Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) under laboratory conditions. The studies were conducted in June, 2017 at
the Ondokuz Mayıs University (Samsun, Turkey). The suspensions of nematodes were applied at one concentration
(1000 IJs ml-1) (200 IJs insect-1 or approximately 15 IJs cm-2) at 25°C temperatures. The data for mortality was
recorded after 2, 4, 6 and 8 days intervals. Insect mortality of the adult was higher...

F. Shahina† and G. Mehreen

...to families Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae have proved as
extremely useful biological control agents and infected a wide range of insect pests. Phylogenetic relationships
among Pakistani entomopathogenic nematode strains; steinernematids and heterorhabditid were estimated by
nucleotide sequences using three molecular makers viz; ITS-1, 5.8S and ITS-2 rDNA (seventy nine); D2-D3 and<...

Aiman Amur1*, Nasreen Memon1, Khalida Unar2 and Roshan Jamali3

...ch belong family Tephritidae commonly called as fruit flies, according to inhabitants they live in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. The fruit flies are the pest of several economical important fruits of world. The Bactrocera dorsalis (handle) complex fruit fly according to morphology, physiology and genetically. It is very serious pest of many fruits in the overall world; such as guava, apricots, Sapodillas etc. this species is voracious for the ma...

Hina Safdar1,2*, Nazir Javed2, Sajid Aleem Khan2, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed3, Arif Mehmood3 and Muhammad Arshad4

... (Steiner) (Steinernematidae) and Photorhabdus spp. associated with EPN Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Poinar) (Heterorhabditidae), were evaluated against armyworm Spodoptera litura Fabricius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) which is a destructive lepidopterous pest. These EPNs associated bacterial isolates were applied @ 4×107 CFUs/mL against different larval instars of S. litura. At day on...

Mutasim Billah1, Sardar Azhar Mehmood1, Abdul Rauf Bhatti2*, Ahmed Zia2, Shabir Ahmed1, Waqas Ahmad2, Kiran Shahjeer3, and Muhammad Ishaque Mastoi4

...ongs to family curculionidae under order Coleoptera, divides into 17 sub families. The current research is good endeavour to document and provide bio-geographical distribution of weevil in district Bannu of KP-Pakistan. This study was carried out first time comprehensively in district Bannu for exploration weevil fauna. Collection surveys were conducted in variable habitats such as natural vegetation, cropped, fields, and urban areas and specimens were collect...

Muhammad Shakil Ahmad1, Muhammad Afzal1, Liu Yu Feng2, Muhammad Shahroaz Khan1 and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*

...cius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is one of the destructive polyphagous insect pests worldwide and has attained field-evolved resistance to most of the conventional synthetic insecticides. In this study, some previously selected most effective biorational synthetic, botanical and microbial insecticidal formulations were evaluated either alone or in binary combinations against 3rd instar larvae of S. litura under laboratory and then under the field conditions. In b...

Ahmad-ur-Rahman Saljoqi, Sadar Iqbal and Imtiaz Khan*

...ymenoptera:Trichogrammatidae) was evaluated against brinjal fruit and shoot borer (Leucinodes orbonalisGuenee) (Lepidoptera, Crambidae) in brinjal (Solanummelongena) experimental field at the Agriculture Research Institute Tarnab, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan during 2016.The treatments were arranged in RCBD with three replications and the chemical and botanical insecticides were used with ten days interval while the...

Anatoly Murashevich Bittirov1*, Sadrutdin Shamshitovich Kabardiev1, Ayub Yusupovich Aliev1, Boris Kazievich Laipanov2, Svetlana Aleksandrovna Shemyakova2, Ismail Anatolyevich Bittirov1  

...nekli, the village of Baidaevo, the a/l It-kol, Cheget, Terskol, Azau) in the populations of the Mountain Caucasian ground squirrel, 12 cestode species: Raillietina sp., Rodentolepis straminea, Paranoplocephala transversaria, Rodentotaenia bondarevae, Mathevotaenia symmetrica, Paranoplocephala omphalodes, Skrjabinotaenia lobata, Paranoplocephala dentate, Strobilocercus fasciolaris, Cysticercus longycollis, Alveococcus multilocularis and Echinococcus granulosus...
Ferzana Bhatti1, Fiaz Hussain2, Zain ul Abdin1*, Muhammad Arshad1, Saqi Kosar Abbas2 and Muhammad Zeeshan Shabbir3
...ay) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in inducing paralysis and developmental arrest in its host, Galleria mellonella (L.) (Pyralidae: Lepidoptera) was studied. Bioassays were performed with microinjections carrying crude and diluted venom and secretion of Dufour’s gland of B. hebetor into healthy and mature host larvae. To observe the effects of venom injection on development of parasitoid progeny, freshly laid eggs of the pa...

Saleem Hussain1, Muhammad Tayyab1, Tauqir Anwar1, Talha Nazir2*, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed3, Zohaib Asad2,4, Muhammad Adnan3 and Tajwar Alam5

TASNEEM IKRAM, FOUZIA SAFDAR, MUHAMMAD ADEEB BABAR, MUHAMMAD ASIM, KHALID MAHMOOD* & MUHAMMAD AKBAR KHAN

MARIAM ZAHEER, KHALID MAHMOOD*, MUHAMMAD ADEEB BABAR & MUHAMMAD AKBAR KHAN

Muhammad Ramzan1*, Unsar Naeem-Ullah2, Shafia Saba2, Madiha Mobeen Khan3, Umair Faheem4, Asad-ur-Rehman3, Naeem Arshad Maan3 and Waseem Hassan5

Amber Khalid1*, Amjad Rashid Kayani1, Muhammad Sajid Nadeem1, Muhammad Mushtaq1, Mirza Azhar Beg1 and Surrya Khanam2

...a) belongs to family Muridae, is considered an important agricultural pest and causes damage to the crops in Pakistan including Pothwar. Information about the diet of the rodents is prerequisite for the better management of pest species. Previous studies conducted on the diet of Indian gerbil were only based on field observations. This study provides information on the diet analysis of Indian gerbil through stomach contents. Samples were collected from differe...

Irene S. Gamil1* and Dalia Fouad1,2

...1768) (Serpentes: Colubridae) collected from El Faiyoum Governorate, Egypt. Standard methods of collection of the snakes and examination of the cestode tapeworms for taxonomic studies were used. Ophiotaenia tessellata sp. n. was identified and being separable from Ophiotaenia species found in African snakes as well as those from colubrid snakes based on many morphological characteristics. Analysis of a dataset based on 473 bp of its 18S rRNA gene regions was c...
Muhammad Arabi Awan1, Hafiz Husnain Nawaz2*, Naeem Akhtar2 and Azmat Ali Awan3
...ongs to the family Psyllidae, which includes other plant-sucking insects. The psyllid can cause significant damage to the olive tree, affecting its growth and yield, and also reducing the quality of the olives produced. A study conducted in 2020 at the agricultural research center in Tarnab, which evaluated the effects of different pesticide treatments on the population of olive psyllids in an olive orchard. The study tested three treatments: CHLORPYRIPHOS 50%...

Riaz Hussain1*, Ata-ul-Mohsin1, M. Farooq Nasir1, Zahid Akram2, Muhammad Sajid Qureshi1 and Abdul Mannan Hamzah1

...ella xylostella (Plutellidae: Lepidoptera) is the one of most destructive and critical cosmopolitan insect herbivores of brassica crops. Globally efforts have been undertaken to develop integrated management strategies for its control, based principally on manipulation of its parasitoids including Diadegma insulare. The research study was conducted to investigate the effects of two cabbage varieties on fitness parameters (i.e. percent parasitism, offspring sex...

Ijaz Haider1,2*, Muhammad Riaz2, Sikandar Ali2, Qurban Ali1, Ali Noman3, Dilbar Hussain1, Imran Nadeem1, Muhammad Faheem Akhtar1, Aqsa Abbas1, Asad Aslam1, Hafiz Saad Bin Mustafa2, Ejaz Ul Hassan2, Muhammad Zubair2, Muhammad Saleem1 and Muhammad Kamil Malik1

...baci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) is destroying cotton crop yield and quality in recent times. Many control measures are adopted against this pest including chemical control methods. Due to certain environmental issues and insecticide resistance problems, adoption of alternate methods of insect control is imperative. In this experiment we used some insecticides alone and in combination with Salicylic acid against B. tabaci. Flonicamid 50% DF at the rate of 80 g/ac...

Muhammad Ismail1, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1,2, Zarina Qasim3, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*

...y;">Fruit flies (Tephritidae: Diptera) are among the most destructive and economic pests of horticultural crops. They infest and destroy a wide range of fruits. Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel is an emerging threat to the export of Pakistani citrus fruits to overseas markets. Integrated pest management (IPM) is an appropriate and sustainable strategy for controlling fruit flies as it is based on integrated application of all available pest control methods with mini...

Shabana Mangi1*, Abdul Manan Shaikh1, Waheed Ali Panhwar1, Javeed Ali Ujjan1, Fakhra Somroo1, Shazia Praveen Solangi2, Sumbul Mureed Mastoi3 and Ranjeet Kumar1

Muhammad Rizwan1*, Bilal Atta1,  Muhammad Arshad2, Sohail Akhter3
Muhammad Tahir3, Misbah Rizwan1, Muddassir Ali1 and Arshad Makhdoon Sabir1

Muhammad Saad Waqas, Li Xia, Tian-Ci Yi*, Liang-Yu Sun, Rong Xiao and Dao-Chao Jin*

Ahmad-Ur-Rahman Saljoqi1, Imtiaz Khan1*, Ijaz Ahmad1, Javed Khan2, Shahid Sattar1, Bashir Ahmad Khan and  Muhammad Salim

Fakhra Nazir1*, Sahar Fazal1 and Fakhar-i-Abbas2

...xt-align: justify;">Corvidae is a species rich and morphologically diverse family of the order Passeriformes (Aves), generally well identified by barcodes globally. Species identification and phylogenetic analysis through DNA barcodes using mitochondrial COI gene (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I) was aimed for samples of birds collected from different regions of Pakistan. Mitochondrial DNA was successfully extracted from keel tissue and Folmer region of COI gen...

Khalid Mahmood1*, Arslan Lodhi1, Muhammad Asim2, Muhammad Adeeb Babar3 and Muhammad Akbar Khan1 

...o taxa of the family Bovidae. The specimens studied in this paper are represented by upper and lower jugal teeth. Following morphological analysis, measurements, and comparison to previously described fossils, these specimens are assessed up to species level and identified as belonging to Gazella lydekkeri, Selenoportax lydekkeri, S. vexillarius, Tragoportax punjabicus, T. salmontanus, and Pachyportax latidens. The presence of these bovid species indicates mod...

Muhammad Hasnain1*, Muhammad Hussnain Babar1, Ghulam Sarwar1, Muhammad Kashif Nadeem2, Sajid Nadeem3, Muhammad Akram4, Ali Raza4, Mussurrat Hussain5, Qaisar Abbas5 and Muhammad Shahid4

Muhammad Ali1*, Rukhsana Perveen2, Khalil Ahmed3, Ghulam Raza1, Muhammad Akbar1, Maisoor Ahmed Nafees3 and Muhammad Ayub4

Alisher Safarov1*, Nasreen Nasreen4, Firuza Akramova5, Shukhrat Djabbarov1, Adolat Mirzaeva5, Javokhir Esonboev5, Djalaliddin Azimov5, Mourad Ben Said2,3 

...s were represented: Ixodidae (12 species), Sarcoptidae (1 species), and Demodecidae (1 species), with the genera Haemaphysalis (3 species) and Rhipicephalus (4 species) being the most dominant among the ixodid ticks. Insects comprised nine species from five families: Trichodectidae (1 species), Linognathidae (1 species...

Kinza Javed1, Muhammad Ali1, Waqas Farooq2, Majeeda Rasheed1*, Farkhanda Yasmin3, Samiya Rehman3, Sadaf ul Hira1 and Jawad Ali3

... virus belongs to Poxviridae family and genus, Capripoxvirus. It cause acute to fatal infection in cattle. Lumpy skin disease results in loss of weight, infertility, abortion in cows and reduction in milk production. In this way this disease has a serious threat to economy of Middle East, European and African countries due to loss of meat and dairy products. LSD is becoming a global threat mainly in region of Middle East and Europe due to trading patterns and ...

Adnan Ihsan1*, Najeeb Ullah1, Riaz Hussain2, Jawad Sarwar1, Kamran Sohail1 and Waqar Khan1

... (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Pakistan has very rich Ophioninae fauna but no attempt has been made to study this genus. The specimens were collected from District Buner, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa during 2019. The genus Leptophion and the species L. maculipennis are described for the first time from Pakistan. Morphological description and digital images of the identified species and genus are given.

...

Lichun Jiang1,2*, Lan Zhu1, Meiqi Li1, Xinyue Bao1, Zhenkun Zhao2, Haifen Qin2 and Wei Chen3*

...n within the family Cervidae. In this study, we have determined the complete sequence of the mitochondrial genome of the tufted deer, by using a long polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. The entire mtDNA sequence is 16,196 bp in length, which compared with previous studies is the least, containing 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, and a non-coding control region (CR, D-loop). The overall base composition included 33...

Nosheen Jehajo* and Naheed Shah

...cius) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), is one of the major stored grain insect pests of pulses throughout tropical and subtropical world. As pulses are important food source for many people, it is imperative to protect them from the infestation of cowpea weevil which causes considerable economic damage. Using no choice tests, this laboratory study investigated the effect of different temperature (20, 30 and 40°C) and humidity (50, 55 and 60%) regimes on the damage...

Peng Chen1, Jiaqi Li1, Hongbo Li2, Qin Lu3, Wei Liu1,4,5* and Jianliang Zhang1*

... a key group in the Anatidae, the Mergini tribe (sea ducks) is strongly structured, with clear genetic assignments and phylogenetic relationships. The tribes also differ in terms of breeding strategy, longevity, and bionomic strategy. The mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of Mergus serrator was 16,627 bp in length, and its structure was circular. The structure and gene arrangement of the genome were basically the same as those of Anseriformes species. The mean...

Muhammad Nadeem1, Jamshaid Iqbal2, Tariq Mustafa3, Gul Rehman2, Muhammad Faisal Shahzad2, Muhammad Younas4,5*, Aftab Ahmad Khan6, Ameer Hamza2, Abdul Ghaffar1 and Muneer Abbas1

...rny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Evaluations were based on thrips population, percentage reduction in number of thrips per flower, and percentage damage of the mung bean pods. On an accumulative basis, B. bassiana at 7.5 % concentration resulted in the reduction of thrips population per flower (59.42 %) and it was observed more superior than other tested EPFs. Application of B. bassiana resulted highest number of flowers (185.40) with the maximum number of pods/...

Saima Naz1, Ahmad Manan Mustafa Chatha2, Rifat Ullah Khan3*, Saba Iqbal1, Nimra Amjad1, Azka Kiran1, Ammara Javed1, Maria Lateef1 and Amna Nawaz1

...belongs to family Cyprinidae which were 12 in number. It is suggested that there is a need of comprehensive strategies to conserve the nearly extinct group of fish species.

...

Khwaja Junaid and Shah Alam Khan

...ueee (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), is major leaf feeding pest of rice, Oryza sativa L. (Poaceae), and is widely distributed throughout the rice producing countries in Asian, causing considerable yield losses. Cultivation of susceptible rice varieties is among the major reasons of insect pest outbreak. Contrary, growing resistant rice varieties plays a key role in keeping the insect pest population below economic threshold level. Growing resistant varieties is cons...

Khalid Mahmood1*, Muhammad Akbar Khan1, Sayyed Ghyour Abbas1,2, Muhammad Adeeb Babar3 and Muhammad Asim4

...tify;">The family Nimravidae is poorly known from the Siwalik Group that comprises freshwater deposits having an age that spans 18.0-0.6 Ma. The new material recovered from the Dhok Ban Ameer Khatoon (Chinji Formation) and Sethi Nagri (type locality of the Nagri Formation) is assigned to Sansanosmilus rhomboidalis based on the morphology of canine. The recovered material is unique and rare in the Siwaliks of northern Pakistan. It also increases the stratigraph...

Muhammad Faizan1, Muhammad Nasir1, Muhammad Waqar Hassan1*, Ghulam Sarwar2 and Moazzam Jamil3

... (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) under laboratory conditions. Biology of beetles was assessed in the form of growth index (GI) which showed maximum GI values in cowpea and mung bean varieties and least in chick pea genotypes and because of this cowpea and mung bean genotypes were classified in susceptible category and chickpea varieties were classified in resistant category. Percent weight loss by C. maculatus was maximum in cow pea and mung bean genotypes and le...

Nur-E-Farjana Ilah1, Md. Joynal Abedin2, Esmout Jahan Alice1, Taiba Akter Laboni1, Mst. Shahinur Khatun1, Most. Shakila Sarmin1, Md. Ashekur Rahman1, Obaidur Rahman1, Md. Akhtarul Islam1, Muhammad Ali Fardoush Siddquy3 and Md. Yeamin Hossain1*

Nimra Altaf1, Muhammad Irfan Ullah1*, Muhammad Afzal1,2, Muhammad Arshad1, Samina Khalid3, Naunain Mehmood4

...mith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a significant agricultural pest that can cause extensive damage to maize crop. We determined the effectiveness of various insecticides against S. frugiperda and their ability to deter feeding. Radiant and voliam flexi had the highest mortality rates of 95.0% and 91.7%, respectively, at higher concentrations, while Coragen and Proclaim were moderately effective, with mortality rates ranging from 36.7% to 81.7%. The least effect...

Mervat M. Fath- Allah, Amal A. Ahmed, Hala A. Amin

...howing different Potyviridae symptoms were previous
isolated and identified. All infected plant samples were examined using ELISA using against, number
of potyviruses polyclonal antibodies. The ELISA results gave a positive reaction with Bean yellow
mosaic virus (BYMV), Carnation vein mottle virus(CVMV), Potato virus Y, Watermelon mosaic virus
(WMV) and Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) of potyviridae

Michelle Anne Diano1,2, Loel Dalan1,2, Neil Pep Dave Sumaya3 and Nanette Hope Sumaya1,2*

...ggsae (Nematoda: Rhabditidae) was recovered from the giant African land snail, Lissachatina fulica (Gastropoda: Achatinidae), in Bukidnon province (8.0515° N, 124.9230° E) of the southern Philippines. This species was identified by morphological characterization and analysis of the D2-D3 expansion segments of the 28S rDNA sequence. The D2-D3 rDNA sequence alignment of the four isolates, B2R1 (MT459236), B2R2 (MT45923...

Lu Yang1,2*, Ke Zhang3 and Jin-Hui Wang1,2,4

...stify;">Periostracum Cicadae is the cast-off shell of the cicada Cryptotympana pustulata Fabricius, it is a widely used animal based traditional folk medicine, it is found to have many effects including antipyretic, antiallergic and antioxidant activities. In this study, ten N-acetyldopamine dimers, named Cicadamide C1–C10 (compounds 1–10), were isolated from Periostracum Cicadae. One-dimensional NMR, two-dimensi...

Muhammad Ayub1*, Syed Arif Husain Rizvi2, Ishtiaq Hussain3, Musa Ali Hashmi4, Iqbal Hussain5, Shahid Hussain1, Zakir Hussain1 and Rehmat Kabir6 

Zakia Panhwar1, Arfan Ahmed Gilal1*, Lubna Bashir Rajput1, Jamal-U-Ddin Hajano2, Shafique Ahmed Memon3, Naimatullah Koondhar4, Muhammad Ibrahim Kubar1

Agha Mushtaque Ahmed1*, Ali Zachi Abdul Qadeer Alhilifi2, Fahad Nazir Khoso1, Muhammad Ibrahim Kubar1, Tehniyat Naz Shah3 and Touseef Ahmed1

Hina Mumtaz, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed*, Muhammad Afzal, Muhammad Arshad, Arif Mehmood and Muhammad Qasim
...ith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), was first time reported in Pakistan during March 2019 causing severe damage to maize crop. As a new pest, there is little information available on its susceptibility to insecticides in Pakistan. We evaluated selective synthetic insecticides with different modes of action to control S. frugiperda larvae in the laboratory as well as under semi-field and field conditions. All insecticides performed well in controlling S. frugiperda ...
Subudao Eerdun1, Hai Si1, Rui-Lin Tian1,2*, Hua Mei1, Caicike Badumu1 and Ridunhu Hu1

Wei Wan1, Xiao-Li Wang1, Shu-Juan Wang2, Qin Si2 and Li-Qing Duan1*

...sinica (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) is a highly destructive pest that infests of wolfberry. To screen biodegradable and safe insecticides, 12 representative monoterpenoids in essential oils were evaluated for their acute toxicity, synergistic or antagonistic effects on adult P. sinica. The modified residual film method was used to test the toxicity of individual and binary mixture of these monoterpenoids against adult P. sinica. The effects of these monoterpenoids o...
Iko-Ojo Charity Ikwe Agada, James Agbo Ameh, Olatunde H. Olabode and Martha Echioda-Ogbole*
...f the family Parvoviridae. CPE is a highly contagious enteric disease of dogs transmitted mainly via the fecal- oral route. This ten (10) years retrospective study was carried out to describe the pattern, prevalence and seasonality of canine parvoviral infection in Abuja based on records of laboratory confirmed CPE cases from 2011- 2021 presented to Veterinary world clinic, Abuja. A total of 197 cases of gastroenteritis were recorded in the years under ...
Suneela, Sajida Mushtaq*, Sadia Maalik, Asma Waheed Qureshi and Moazama Batool
... 12 families i.e., Acrididae, Gryllidae, Aleyrodidae, Pentatomidae, Noctuidae, Syrphidae, Culicidae, Formicidae, Braconidae, Coccinellidae, ...
Muhammad Fiaz Qamar1*, Tahir Hussain1, Iram Liaqat2, Madiha Kiran1, Abdur Rahman Ansari3, Faiza Yasmeen1 and Tahira Batool3
...the members of Columbidae family are domesticated all around the globe in the villages, towns and cities. Jhang is a distant and underdeveloped district of Punjab province, Pakistan. The purpose of the present study was the determination of the prevalence of gut parasites in domestic pigeons through routine laboratory methods in district Jhang. Fresh fecal samples (n = 1800) of pigeons were gathered in plastic bags from district Jhang home fanciers and ...

Yousifl ,3 , Ausama A. and Al-Naeem , Abdelmohsen A.

...poxvirus (OPV) of Poxviridae. CMLV causes clinical disease in camel populations worldwide. CMLV has been known in Saudi Arabia for centuries. However, no attempts have been made to characterize the endemic CMLV genetically. This situation leads to the inability to monitor the molecular epidemiology of the virus in the environment. It also reduces our capability to evaluate vaccine-based control strategies. OPV continues to persist in nature and re-emerge. We w...
Nassarl , Entsar A.; El-Dougdoug , Kh. A.; Osmanl , M.E; Dawoud3, Rehab
A. and Kinawy l , Aliaa H.*
...isolate of the Tobamoviridae Family. The isolated virus was nominated as TMV Chrysanthemum Egyptian isolate (TMV-Ch-EG). This virus isolate caused severe disease symptoms in Chrysanthemum plants with mosaic, mottling and flower discoloration. The virus was purified biologically using serial transfer of the single local lesion technique on Nicotiana gultinosa. The induced antiserum for the isolated virus had a titer 1\1024. 600 bp DNA fragments from the coat pr...

Azzami, Mohamed 1.; Hakiml , Aya Salah El-Din; Othman2, Badawi A. and 2 El-Dougoug, Khaled A.

...ose belong to the Myoviridae family. Enteroviruses were detected using RT-PCR and real-time-RT-PCR in inlet water of El-Bagour and Shibin ElKom stations in summer season, while H5N1 was not detected in all sites throughout four seasons. The viruses obtained by ultrafiltration process were negatively stained with 2% phosphotungestic acid. Electron microscopy revealed that human virus particles were of 24-30 nm in diameter and an isometric structure. The virus r...

El-Dougdoug, Kh.A.; Rezk , A.A.; Dawoud, Rehab A. and Sofy, A.R.

...is a member of Pospiviroidae. In order to study the structure of CSVd-EG, it was reverse transcribed in total RNA from infected leaves and then amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using Pospiviroid-CCR specific primers. Purified gel RT-PCR product (⁓199) was cloned into the PCR Il TOPOvector then it was sequenced. Partial sequence 199 bp of CSVdEG is almost identical to that of the prototype 199 bp Canada and USA isolates of CSVd with 96% homology. ...

A-New-Whitefly-Transmitted-Geminivirus

...movirus or the Geminiviridae family. 

...

Rawaa Saladdin Jumaa

...characteristic of poxviridae on tissue culture and embryonated chicken eggs. Also, the phylogenetic tree was confirmed that the avipoxvirus infection observed in local pigeons was caused by pigeon poxvirus.
 
Keywords | Isolation, P4b gene, Sequencing, Pigeon poxvirus, Iraq
...

Zhengfei Wang1*, Chenchen Shen1,2, Yiping Zhang1, Dan Tang1,3, Yaqi Luo1, Yaotong Zhai1, Yayun Guan1, Yue Wang1 and Xinyu Wang1

Faisal Alsaaq

... the families Chaetodontidae (butterfly fishes) and Serranidae (Groupers), known as reliable indicators of reef health and effective predators, respectively, as they were adequately represented. The family Labridae exhibited the highest number of species (16), followed by Scaridae (13). Overall, the assessment revealed the healthy nature of the Al-Wajh r...

Muhammad Yasin1, Azhar Abbas Khan2*, Sana Rubab2 and Sumaira Maqsood3

...) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium Everts (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) are important insect pests of stored commodities in Pakistan and other parts of the world. The laboratory study was carried out to investigate the insecticidal properties of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) in combination with commercial diatomaceous earth (DE) formulation Inert-PMS alone and...

Riaz Hussain1, Adnan Ihsan2*, Jawad Sarwar2, Nauman Ahmad2, Noor Ullah2, Arbab Luqman2, Muhammad Junaid2 and Hizer Ali2 

TAHIR IQBAL1, 2, UMER RASHID1* & MUHAMMAD IDREES3, 4

...rus belonging to Hepeviridae. In the present study we report partial structural homology of ORF3 encoded protein (ORF3P) of Pakistani novel aHEV (Pak naHEV) strain with a kinase 2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyldihydropteridine pyrophos-phokinase (HPPK) which participates in folate biosynthesis in bacteria. This finding is in agreement with the role of ORF3P as multifunctional protein modulating host cell signaling and gene expression to promote viral replicat...

NAILA MALKANI*, IRFAN ISHAQUE, KHALID SHAHBAZ, RIZWAN ULLAH KHAN, ARIFA SHABBIR & ATIF YAQUB

KHALID MAHMOOD1*, HAFIZA SAMAN AKRAM1, ZAHEER AHMED2, MUHAMMAD ADEEB BABAR1, SAYYED GHYOUR ABBAS1, MUHAMMAD ASIM1, MUHAMMAD AKBAR KHAN1 & MUHAMMAD AKHTAR3

Inayat ul Islam1, Rooh Ullah1, Ahmed Zia2, Abdul Rauf Bhatti2*, Maryum Ilyas2, Sohail Hayat1 and Khabab Hayat1

...d fauna, family Libellulidae appeared to be the dominant group, representing 14 species, followed by family Aeshnidae, Calopterygidae and Coenagrionidae representing single species each. Being a flying insect group, seasonal surveys and temporal data for Odonata in this ecologically rich and geopolitically important area are highly suggested that can sur...

Nadir Ali Birmani1*, Ramesh1, Shakeel Ahmed Memon2, Raheela Noor Memon1, Badar Alam Samejo3 and Mehtab Ali Mahar3

...piruroidea: Gongylonematidae) based on presence of various cuticular bosses on anterior portion of the speciemens, a gubernaculum, unequal and dissimilar spicules. Previously, there is no record of genus Gongylonema from the host Tatera indica, therefore, it makes new host record from Sindh province of Pakistan.

...

Muhammad Wasif Gulzar*, Riffat Maqsood, Muhammad Zain, Muhammad Suleman, Tayyab Ur Rehman, Sana Asif, Abdul Wadood and Jawad Hussain

... to the family Rhabdoviridae and genus Lyssavirus. It is a neurological infection that is transmitted through animals and can be lethal. It is a disease that affects all warm-blooded species and is widespread worldwide, except for islands like Australia and Antarctica. Rabies causes more than 60,000 deaths annually, although every year about 15 million people receive Rabies Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP). Wildlife including raccoons, skunks, bats, and foxes a...

Sedef Selviler Sizer1, Semih Kurt1*, Burcu Onuk1, Gokmen Zafer Pekmezci2 and Murat Kabak1

Mirwaise Khan1, Rubab Maqsood1, Hamad Bin Rashid2, Shakera Sadiq Gill1, Muhammad Noman1, Rafia Akram1, Muhammad Sajid Hasni1, Haroon Rashid3 and Mamoona Chaudhry1*

...NA virus of Orthomyxoviridae family. An epidemiological survey was conducted in 29 villages of District Zhob, Balochistan province of Pakistan, between December 2016 and February 2017. A total of 240 blood samples from backyard chickens were collected and were tested for antibodies against Avian Influenza Virus (AIV) (H9N2) by hemagglutination inhibition test according to OIE. It was found that out of 240 collected blood samples, 140 (58.3%; 95% CI: 50.43-69.6...

Zhenkun Zhao1,2, Ziniu Alimo2, Xinyue Zhao2, Haifen Qin1, Buddhi Dayananda3, Lichun Jiang1,2* and Wei Chen4*

...assified as family Sylviidae, while these two species (Luscinia cyanura and Monticola gularis) are placed in the family Muscicapidae. Moreover, Turdidae formed a sister group with Muscicapidae, which indicates that they are closely related and form the superfamily Muscicapoidea together with the Sturnidae families. The...
Yanis Cruz-Quintana1*, Ana María Santana-Piñeros1, Byron Manuel Reyes-Mero1, Leonela Griselda Muñoz-Chumo1 and Lenin Cáceres-Farías1,2 

Naveed Akhtar, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir*, Azizullah, Aamir Ali

...ichness of all Coccinellidae species of both districts was about 95%. A significant change in the population dynamics of Coccinellidae was observed at different phenological stages (BBCH Principal Stage) of maize crops during different study months. The highest species density was recorded during April and May in both districts. A positive correlation of the Coccinellidae was observed with...

Arif Mehmood1*, Muhammad Naeem2, Abu Bakkar Muhammad Raza1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1, Muhammad Irfan Ullah1, Muhammad Asam Riaz1, Ikram ul Haq1 and Waqas Raza1

Muhammad Irfan Ullah1*, Khadija Akram1, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1, Muhammad Arshad1, Samina Khalid2, Hamza Latif1, Aqsa Amjad1, Nahdia Perveen1, Emaan Sajid1

...) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), is an important insect pest that causes significant economic losses and food insecurity in stored grain products. This research aimed to assess the efficacy of plant essential oils against T. castaneum. The study found that cinnamon oil exhibited the highest insecticidal activity, with a 100% mortality rate for all tested concentrations and time intervals for adult beetles. Clove oil also displayed significant insecticidal activi...
Kamran Ahmed Pathan1 , Waheed Ali Panhwar1,*, Abdul Manan Shaikh1, Safdar Ali
Ujan1, Javed Ahmed Ujan1, Khadim Hussain Memon1, Irfan Ahmed Pathan1 and
Shabana Mangi1
...nghorn beetles (Cerambycidae: Coleoptera) are present in almost all ecosystems,
except the ocean and polar regions. They are most important biologically controlling agents
into agro-ecosystems. Long horned beetles were gathered from different sites (agricultural
fields and their surrounding vegetation) of Sindh Province with insect net (7.79 cm in
diameter and 49.9 cm in length) and hand picking. A total of 234 s...
Muhammad Shakil Ahmad1, Muhammad Afzal1, Liu Yu Feng2
Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Hina Safdar3, Arif Mehmood1, Shahid Iqbal4 and Muhammad Adnan1
...cius (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a deleterious agricultural pest worldwide. Field populations of S. litura manifest resistance to almost all conventional insecticides and it is imperative looking for novel biorational insecticides to control this pest. In this regard, this study bioassayed some promising biorational insecticides including botanical, microbial and non-conventional synthetic insecticidal formulations against 3rd instar larvae of S. litura. Bioas...

Arshama Sheraz1, Shabir Ahmed1*, Sardar Azhar Mehmood1, Wali Khan2, Waheed Ali Panhwar3, Fiza Sadiq Awan1

...our families: Dicroglossidae, Microhylidae, Bufonidae, and Megophryidae. The current study was carried out to investigate the amphibian fauna of several localities in District Abbottabad. From June 2019 to August 2020, a field survey was undertaken in District Abbottabad. Total dissolve solvent (TDS), Dissolve solvent (DO), Electrical Conductivity (EC), ...
Ghulam Ali Bajwa and Muhammad Waseem
...recorded in family Noctuidae. Temporal Temperature showed highly significant (p<0.01) impact on species number. There was a positive linear correlation between increasing temperature and number of insect species, as well as between precipitation and species number.

Key words: Climate change, Temperature, Precipitation, Insect fauna, Lepidoptera, Insect species, Ayubia National Park, Pakistan

...
Muhammad Nawaz Rajpar, Mohamed Zakaria, Ebil Yusof and Kamziah Abd Kudus
...y once (0.03%). The Ardeidae (2816 observations; 75.70) was the most dominant family with highest number of observation and Scolopacidae (12 observation; 0.32%) was the rarest waterbird family with lowest number of detections. The Piscivore/Insectivore (78.79%) was the most dominant guild and Insectivore (0.30%) was the rarest guild in the study area. The results show that Putrajaya artificial freshwater wetland is highly at...
Naveed Ahmed
...ing to the family Scolytidae, order Coleoptera. Feeding on the cambium of the tender branches, the pest infested blue pine in a range of 5-8% in Municiple Forest Division, 2-5% in Lower Topa and 3-7% in Sehrbagla Sub Divisions. Long droughts and warm winter followed by early spring helped these beetles to build up their population, particularly on exposed aspect and attacked even the green healthy trees. ...
Naveed Ahmed, M. Hamayoon Khan and Mian Inayat-Ullah
.../i> Fabr., family Xlycopidae, order Hymenoptera spent maximum duration on the blossoms. Among honeybees, Apis dorsata, family Apidae, order Hymenoptera was found more abundantly on the blossoms in all the time periods. A maximum population of all honeybees species was recorded at the first observation period....
Muhammad Hamayoon Khan, Abid Farid, Muhammad Naeem and Fazal Syed
...menoptera: Trichogrammatidae) was conducted at Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture (NIFA) Tarnab, Peshawar, during 2004. Among different concentrations of neem seed extract (4%, 2%, 1%, 0.5% and 0.25%), maximum mortality (68.29%) of Trichogramma was recorded with 4% neem seed extract and minimum (35.83%) with 0.25% neem seed extract. However the highest mortality (97.52%) of Trichogramma was recorded with Ripcard 0.5%. Emergence time was non significant...
Ferit Turanli
...ker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), and dried fruit beetle, Carpophilus spp. (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae), were determined as the most important pests of all regions. The results of infestation levels of the pests are given separately for both in Aydin and Izmir provinces.

Key words: Ficus carica<...

Mian Muhammad Shafiq and Muhammad Idrees
... belong to family Falconidae. These are migratory birds. Many species of falcons visit Pakistan i.e. Saker Falcon (Falco charrug) Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus) etc. The survey of migratory falcons was conducted in D.I.Khan, Mardan, Swabi and Nowshera districts of NWFP. It has been observed that Bala Aba Shaheed, Oubha, Kheshki Maira, Aman Garh, Marathi Maira, Naranji Maira, etc are the hot spots of hunting/trapping of migratory falcons in N...
Hanif Gul and Mirza Hakim Khan
... to the family Scolytidae, order Coleoptera. The main reason for the spread of these insect pests is due to stress caused by extremely dry conditions during winters of year 2000 and preceding springs.

The beetle population developed on the weak trees under moisture stress growing on warmer aspects and ridges with stony soil The stressed trees had very little sap which made them prone to the attack of above beetles The grubs of these beetles c...

G. A. Bajwa and Hanif Gul
...psilon Rott. (Noctuidae), Aleuroplatus pectiniferus Quiint. (Aleyrodidae), Catopsilia crocale Cram. (Pieridae), Cyrtopeltis tenuis Reut. (Miridae), Drosicha stebbingii Gr. (Margarodidae), Heliothis armigera Hueb. (Noctuidae), H. peltiger...
Hanif Gul
...> (Wasmann) (Rhinotermitidae) and Odontotermes obesus (Rambur) Termitidae are present at the Pakistan Forest Institute and each monitored colony comprised of 1989 to 2219 workers and soldiers at one spot. At another spot at Pakistan Forest Institute, Peshawar 3 - distinct colonies of Odontotermes lokanadi were monitored comprising 4500 workers and soldiers each. At spot 3 at Pakistan Forest Institute campus, tw...
G. A. Bajwa, R. Kehr and G. Zimmermann
...h (Pfr 11) and P. cicadae (Miquel) Samson (Pc 3) were tested in the laboratory for virulence on Pityogenes chalcographus. 20 adults of P. chalcographus contaminated with conidia by releasing on agar plates for two minutes were reared on bark of Picea abies (4 x 4 cm). B. bassiana, M. anisopliae (Ma 3, Ma 6, Ma 43) and P. fumosoroseus caused 100 percent mortality within 10 days, while in control and P. cica
Hanif Gul and M. Ismail Chaudhry
...rinotata (Pseuderbelidae, Lepidopteral) larvae and pupae, were recorded. Aeolesthes sarta (Cerambycidae, Coleoptera) grubs were found predated by a mite predator. Entomophathogenic fungus attacking all stages of I. quadrinotata and Elaterid predator of A. sarta, pit borer Apriona cinerea (Lamiidae, Coleoptera) were recorded. Observations on the...
Wali-ur-Rahman and M. I on ail Chaudhry
...galis Moore (Geometridae: Lepidoptera) attacked kail forests, denuding large patches of hill tops in beautiful tourist resorts of Murree in the Punjab (Pakistan) and Loon Bagla and Danna of Azad Kashmir. In 1984 microlepidopterous leaf stitchers caused defoliation of kail trees in patches in the Galis Forest Division at Chatri R. near Thandiani, Bagan near Nathiagali and Darwaza near Kuzagali in Hazara, N.W.F.P. ...
M. Ismail Chaudhry and Hanif Gul
...fexa Guen. (Notodontidae). Both the chemicals in laboratory as well as field trials, in doses of o.02 and 0.04% concentrations gave cent percent mortality of the larvae. The residual effect of the insecticides continued up to about one month and provided cover for two successive and overlapping generations the non-target insects, which do not feed in foliage were absolutely safe from the adverse effect of the chemicals....
M. Ismail Chaudhry
... measuring worm (Geometridae Lepidoptera), absolutely unknown before, appeared all of a sudden in blue pine forests of Murree (50 km from Islamabad) and Azad Kashmir and avaged large areas during 1980 killing tens thousands trees of all ages by complete defoliation. Having an annual life cycle the pest hibernates as pupae in the soil, emerging in May/June as adult moths and veraciously devouring blue pine needles from July to October. ...
Ghulam Rasul
... genus Capra, family Bovidae and sub-order Artiodactyla. Its horns are rounded in the front instead of edged as that of wild-goat. In cross-section they are triangular and the grooving is very striking. In Europe, the Ibex is now found only in the Alps in a small area of Northern Italy, but it has been introduced to special reserves in Switzerland and elsewhere. In Asia, it is found in the mountains of Russian and Chinese Turkistan, Central Siberia, Kashmir, C...
Shan Ahmad Naveed
...gs to the family Cyprindidae. Its body is usually fairly deep and thick, colour bright, silvery yellow; tail fin large and well forked, anal fin short, dorsal fin long and concave comprising three or four single rays of which the last is thick and spinous and has seventeen to twenty two small soft rays. The mouth is terminal, the lips thick and capable of being projected forward, four barbels on the upper lip the two anterior short and thin and the two posteri...
M. Ismail Chaudhry and Wali-ur-Rehman
...i Cam. (Ichneumonidae) Sturmia inconspicuella and Podomyia sp. (Tachinidae) were recorded parasitizing bagworms in the defoliated area. Gradual increase in parasite population over took pest population in few years and the insect outbreak was controlled by the natural enemies....
M. Ismail Chaudhry and Iqbal Ahmad
... hapalosarca Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) is a serious pest of Poplars in Pakistan. This leaf stitcher becomes active in the beginning of April and passes through 6-7 generations during growing season. The larvae stitch two or more leaves together with silken threads and feed on parenchyma tissues, leaving network of viens and skeleton of leaves intact. It causes more than 90% leaf stitching when severe.
The moths from hibernating pupae emerge during ...
Ghulam Rasul
... genus Capra, family Bovidae and sub-order Artiodactyla. The word Markhor is derived from the two Persian words Mar means snake and Khor means eater the snake eater. The legend is that Markhor eats snake which is killed by the powerful strokes of its hoofs. ...

Muhammad Wasim Khan*, Ghulam Abbas, Asma Fatima and Shahnaz Rashid

...ging to the family Clupeidae are most dominant (28.5%), followed by Carids shrimp (23.6%), Engraulidae (14.3%), Mugilidae (13.8%), Jellyfish (6.9%), Leiognathidae (6.5%), Sciaenidae (3.4%), Pristigasteridae (.0.9%), Penaeidae (0.8%), Arii

Zahid Ali1,2, Muhsan Ali Kalhoro1*, Nazeer Ahmed1,3, Muhammad Shafi1, Faisal Saeed1 and Abdul Majeed1

...m, belongs to the Carangidae family, widely distributed in the Indo-pacific oceans. S. commersonnianus is mainly pelagic fish and commercially important fishery resource from Pakistani waters. Study on population dynamics and stock appraisal is an important for the sustainable use of fishery resource. During current study the length-weight relationship, growth, mortality, and exploitation rate was estimated from Balochistan, Pakistan. The length frequency data...

Baby Nhor K. Ambel1*, Nneka Djen A. Matandog1, Neil Pep Dave N. Sumaya2, Florence Roy P. Salvaña1, Bryan Lloyd P. Bretaña1 and Ma. Teodora N. Cabasan1*

...ematode family Hoplolaimidae was recorded as the most dominant (59.59%-80.49%) across all monocropping durations. Shannon and Simpson’s diversity indices were lowest at 10-15 years of continuous monocropping period, as compared to 2-4 years and 5-9-years. Maturity index (MI, 2.26) was highest at 5-9 years of continuous cultivation while structure index (SI, 68.93), and enrichment index (EI, 73.74) were highest in banana farms with monocropping periods of...
Fangmei Zhang1,2, Xiaocen Zhao1,2, Li Qiao1,2, Shibao Guo1,2, Li Zhang1,2
Jian Yin1,2, Zhou Zhou1,2, Chuleui Jung3 and Shubao Geng1,2*
...ia (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), the types, morphology, quantity and distribution of sensilla on the antenna were observed by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that females and males antennae were filiform, bipectinate, respectively, which be divided into three segments, scape, pedical and flagellum that consisted numerous individual flagellomeres, respectively. There were eight kinds and twelve types of sensilla on the antennae, including 4 subty...

Muhammad Qasim1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Muhammad Arshad1, Umair Abbas1, Mehar Zubair Shehzad1 and Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1,2

...n (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) which was found as a dominant termite species in district Sargodha. Filter paper disc-based bioassays revealed that all insecticides showed a significant impact (P < 0.001) on the mortality of C. heimi workers and this mortality response was directly proportional to insecticidal concentrations and exposure times. Significantly higher mortality was recorded by chlorpyrifos (100.0%) and fipronil (95.0%) at 72 h post-exposure with...

Rumisha Raza1*, Ali Raza Awan1, Muhammad Wasim1, Shagufta Saeed1, Muhammad Tayyab1, Aftab Ahmed Anjum2, Muhammad Muddassir Ali1 and Sehrish Firyal1*

...ies of raptors; Accipitridae and Falconidae, at molecular level using mitochondrial ND2 gene. The partial sequence of ND2 gene was submitted to GenBank. The novel SNPs were investigated which serves as marker for identification of Pakistani raptorial species. Two sub species of falcons are also characterized at genetic level for the first time. The study represented the first report on genetic data of raptorial species of th...
Qurat-ul-Ain Ijaz1, Amna Sulaman1, Dost Muhammad Baloch2, Muhammad Shafi2, Faiz Muhammad1* and Shahnaz Rashid1
...hin the family of Nacellidae (0.917) followed by Turbinidae (0.169) and Neritidae (0.100) was noted. The results of this study will be helpful to taxonomists because meager attention was given to molecular- based identification from this region.

...
Zain-ul-Aabdin Abro1*, Naheed Baloch1, Raza Muhammard Memon2 and Niaz Hussain Khuhro2
...rsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) are principal pests of mango and guava growing areas of Sindh. Field studies were conducted in mango and guava experimented orchards of Sindh to determine the effectiveness of Trybliographa daci and Diachasmimorpha longicaudata against Bactrocera flies in combination with mass trapping. Results shown significantly (P<0.05) maximum parasitization of T. daci (342.00±16.26, 320.00±14.85) respectively in EA-2 (guava) ...

Yujun Shuai and Jinhong Zhao*

... belonging to the Anisakidae family. In this study, the nematode samples of A. simplex were collected from rockfish Sebastes sp. From the comparison and analysis of the mitochondrial genome of Anisakis simplex, the results revealed a full-length genome with 13,903 bp, including 12 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNAs and 22 tRNAs. There was no encoding gene of atp8, which was consistent with the genome characteristics of Anisakis nematodes. Additionally, 25 related n...

Hafiz Muhammad Ashraf, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir* and Javed Iqbal Qazi

...ecies. The family Cyprinidae was containing 13 genera and 21 species. Eight species (Amblyceps mangois, Botia lohachta, Botia almorhae, Coptodon zillii, Ctenopharyngodon idella, Parambasis lala, Salmostoma phulo and Psilorhynchus nudithoracicus) were collected first time from river Ravi Pakistan. During high flow season, Cirrhinus mrigala and Captodon zilli showed highest relative abundance 13.89% and 13.73%, respectively. Highest frequency occurrence (FO) 87....
A.M. Ahmed1*, R. Dutta1, H. Pokhrel1, D. Nath1, L. Mudoi1, R. Sarmah1, S.K. Bhagabati1 and I. Ahmed2
...rders. The family Cyprinidae was found to be the most prevalent (40.74%). Minnows and barbs contributed the most (30.49%) among the 11 common groups of fishes identified. According to the IUCN status, 11.11% were near threatened (NT), 2.44% each of vulnerable and data deficient, 1.23% were endangered (EN), 6.17% were not evaluated (NE), and 76.54% were least concerned (LC). The Margalef species richness, Shannon-Weiner diversity indices showed higher diversity...

Xiaoping Gao1, Yanping Li2*, Renyi Zhang3, Yunyun Lv2, Yongming Wang2, Jinrong Shi2, Jiang Xie2, Chiping Kong1 and Lekang Li1

...ing to the family Cyprinidae, is endemic to the Karst area of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. Here, we determined the complete mitogenome of S. cyphotergous using an Illumina Hiseq X Ten sequencer. This mitogenome’s structure is typical circular with 16,611 bp in length, consisting of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and a control region. The overall base composition of S. cyphotergous is 31.33% A, 25.89% T, 26.49% C, an...
Shahida Rashied1*, Ahmed Zia2, Riaz Aziz Minhas1, Sumera Aslam3, Abdul Rauf Bhatti4 and Ghulam Ali1
...of surveys, the Libellulidae and Coenagrionidae families looked to be the most prominent. For proper identification help was taken from National Insect Museum, NARC, Islamabad, Pakistan.

...

Waheed Iqbal* and Muhammad Faheem Malik

...5%) species, the Nymphalidae family was dominated that was followed by the Pieridae family, which had 13 (40.62%) species, the Lycaenidae family, which had three (9.37%) species, and the Papilionidae family, which had two (6.25%) species. With regard to occurrence status, species of butterfly fauna found to be 17(53.12%) as common, four (12.5%) are fairl...

Abdul Mannan1*, Naveed Iqbal1, Randhawa1, Abdul Hanan1 and Abdul Qadeer1

...ous, (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) whereas Trichogramma chilonis Ishii. (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) is prominent egg parasitoid utilized for the purpose of borers attack in IPM. This research was carried-out for the purpose of success various issuance of T.chilions in case of sugarcane insect attacks and observe the decay rate of sugarcane borers and such as control issuance by T. chilonis egg cards. The borers’ genera...

Kashif Nazir1*, Asmat Nawaz1, Shahzad Hur2, Mashal Mehreen3, Moazam Ali Saim4, Seraj Ud Din4, Inam Ul Haq5 

... bed bugs (Family: Cimicidae) have been performed in the recent past due to their re-activation in the world. These bed bugs primarily infest enclosed and inadequately ventilated spaces. They are more prevalent in densely populated areas where there is minimal movement of household furniture and bedding, particularly during the hot and humid seasons in Pakistan. Bed bugs pose direct effects by bite-associated allergies and blood-sucking; indirectly by affectin...

Haifen Qin1,2, Yujia Liu1, Yujie Zhang1, Jingfeng Liu1, Zhenkun Zhao1,2 and Lichun Jiang1,2*

...i (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) was determined using high-throughput sequencing. The size of circular mitogenome is 15,796 bp and it includes a typical structure of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs) and an adenine + thymine (A+T)-rich region. The base composition of the major strand is A: 39.74%, T: 39.57%, G: 8.22%, and C: 12.47%, with a A+T content of 79.31%. The genomic analyses indicated that its g...

Zulfiqar Ali1, Asad Ullah2*, Shumaila Gul3, Maryam Begum4, Raheela Taj5, Tahira Tayyeb1, Maiz ur Rahman1, Muhammad Owais Khan1, Rafiq Ullah1, Imad Khan2, Ali Gohar2, Shakirullah Khan6, Khudija Ghani7 and Muneeb Islam8

...ify;">Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) are obligate ectoparasites of diverse hosts that affect livestock globally and are carriers of several bacterial, viral, and protozoan infections that affect both animals and human. Ticks (Class Arachnida) are ectoparasites of a wide variety of vertebrates, including livestock, and wild animals. Ticks are arachnids of veterinary and medical importance because they can transmit various diseases. Accurate identification of tick spec...

Yawar Abbas1, Muhammad Sajid2*, Musharraf Hussain3, Shahida Batool1, Saeed Ur Rehman1 and Jamil Ahmad1

...oxvirus genus and Poxviridae family. The virus causes a zoonotic infection and shuttle between animal and human. The host spectrum of the mpox virus allowed evolutionary adaptation to a newer clade (Clade 1b) which appear to be more pathogenic and transmissible. While similar to smallpox virus, mpox virus was first reported in human during 1970 and since then remained endemic in Africa. First time in 2022, numerous cases were reported in various parts of Afric...

1Md. Faruq Hasan, 2Nazmunnahar Kolpona, 3*Atia Shahin, 3Md. Rayhan Sojib and 3Susmita Sarmin

Hend E.M. Elsheikh1*, Mamdouh F. El-Mekkawi1, A.A. Abou-Zaid1 and Amal M. Abd El-Raof2
... virus belongs to Poxviridae family (genus Capripox). The disease was originally isolated from cattle in Egypt in 1988 and it later became widespread in the most of governorates. Because of the appearance of vaccine-associated disease recently, it is critical to differentiate infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA) strategies. Therefore, the aim of this study was to detect LSDV in suspected clinically diseased cows from 6 herds in Al-Sharqia governorate, Egypt...
Hend E.M. Elsheikh1*, Mamdouh F. El-Mekkawi1, A.A. Abou-Zaid1 and Amal M. Abd El-Raof2
... virus belongs to Poxviridae family (genus Capripox). The disease was originally isolated from cattle in Egypt in 1988 and it later became widespread in the most of governorates. Because of the appearance of vaccine-associated disease recently, it is critical to differentiate infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA) strategies. Therefore, the aim of this study was to detect LSDV in suspected clinically diseased cows from 6 herds in Al-Sharqia governorate, Egypt...
Sultan Çobanoğlu1, Waheed Anwar2*, Muhammad Asim Javed2 and Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan3
...e Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) is an economic pest in several field crops, fruits, and vegetables. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi using two concentrations (4×104 and 4×108 conidia/ml): Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, Trichoderma longibrachiatum and Verticillium lecanii, against the adult female of T. urticae strains (red and green) using leaf-disc bioassay method. Their corrected...

Pankaj Gargotra1*, C. Judith Betsy1 and J. Stephen Sampath Kumar2

 

...of the superfamily Cobitidae and the order Cypriniformes, is a significant alternative species for Indian aquaculture. Aquaculture breeding strategies for loaches must be carefully investigated in order to meet their rising demand. Owe to the aquaculture potential of L. thermalis, the current study was conducted to establish the importance of various minerals (Mn, Se, and Zn) in improving its growth, maturity, and spawning. According to the findings of this st...

Muhammad Salim1,2*, Muhammad Zakria2, Ahmad Ur Rahman Saljoqi2, Shahid Sattar2, Ayhan Gökçe1, Amjad Usman3 and Hayat Badshah4

...avenae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and lady bird beetle under field conditions was conducted at Agricultural Research Institute (ARI) Tarnab, Peshawar, Pakistan from December 2019 to June 2020. The experiment was consisted of five aqueous extracts of different parts of P. hysterophorus (whole plant, stem, leaves and flower extracts) and control (only water) which were applied randomly within each block. Wheat variety “Faisalabad 2008” was sown in the fi...

Muhammad Ahsan Raza1,2*, Nabila Roohi2, Abdul Qayyum Khan Sulehria3 and Muhammad Khalil Ahmad Khan4

...ere identified. Brachionidae was proved to be the most abundant family followed by Asplanchnidae. Population density was maximum in June and lowest in January. Rotifers displayed positive relationship with electrical conductivity, pH, temperature and total hardness while negative correlation was recorded with dissolved oxygen. Atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used for the determination of heavy metals in water. Three ...

Ye-Ling Lao, Jin-Long Huang, Cheng-He Sun, Xiao-Ying Huang, Ting Wu and Qun Zhang*

...sequent studies on Cichlidae evolution.

...

Shibao Guo1, Junhua Chen1, Nan Song2, Fangmei Zhang1*

...pecies of family Tephritidae by maximum likelihood and bayesian inference methods suggested the genus relationship of Tephritidae: ((Bactrocera, Dacus, Zeugodacus), Felderimyia, Anastrepha), (Acrotaeniostola, (Neoceratitis, Ceratitis), Euleia, Rivellia), (Procecidochares, (Tephritis, Sphaenisscus))))). Our results presented the first mitogenome from Sphaeniscus and provide insights into the species identification, taxonomy a...
Roshita Ibrahim1*, Mohd Firza Ahmad Fauzi1 and Mohd Nizam Lani2
...i>Auricularia auricula-judae) with its gel-like texture in producing healthy drinks, aiming to diversify the market’s range of wholesome beverages. The investigation involves creating a drink with suspended black jelly mushroom pieces and sweetening it with various agents like sucrose, xylitol, erythritol, stevia, and honey. The study evaluates the drinks’ physicochemical, and functional properties, including sensory acceptability to see the po...

Sarhad Journal of Agriculture

September

Vol.40, Iss. 3, Pages 680-1101

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