Further Observations on the Overwintering Habits of the Paper Wasp Polistes (Gyrostoma) Olivaceus (De Geer, 1773) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in Vietnam
Further Observations on the Overwintering Habits of the Paper Wasp Polistes (Gyrostoma) Olivaceus (De Geer, 1773) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in Vietnam
Phong Huy Pham1,2
ABSTRACT
Abstract | Further observations on the overwintering habits of the paper wasp Polistes olivaceus (De Geer, 1773) are presented. The overwintering aggregation of the wasp took place at its former nests and involved both males and females. Whereas the females often gathered very closely on the top surface of the nests, males often roosted alone at the nest petiole or a certain site outside the nest, about 2–10 cm from the females. Under unfavorable weather conditions individuals were totally immobile. Severe weather conditions (high temperatures and the large temperature difference between day and night in the winter season) or a deficiency of added nutrition source are possibly causes inducing the death of overwintering individuals. Several discussions on the overwintering habits of the species are included.
Novelty Statement | The study is novel to suggest containing of overwintering habits of common wasp, Polistes olivaceus. Suggestions include severe weather conditions or/and added nutrition source deficiency.
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December 2021
Vol. 36, Iss. 2, pp. 125-252
