Ruse, Michael, The Gaia Hypothesis: Science on a Pagan Planet, The University of Chicago Press, 2013, 251 pp, $26.00, ISBN 978-0-226-73170-4
Science, Religion and Culture
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Timothy Helton
In a Mirror Dimly: Anthropology and Restoring a Sense of Presence to an Empty World
...cal method in the last decades that have greatly improved the lens used for the anthropological gaze. Finally, I conclude by suggesting the collaboration between anthropology and theology in the restoration of a world capable of supporting life in more than a mere physical sense....
David N. Livingstone, Dealing with Darwin. Place, Politics, and Rhetoric in Religious Engagements with Evolution, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2014, 265 pp., ISBN 13: 978-1-4214-1326-6
Reviewed by Francisco J. Ayala, University Professor & Donald Bren Professor of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, email: fjayala@uci.edu
Science, Religion and Culture
...was only in the middle decades of the twentieth century that Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection became generally accepted by biologists and other scientists. How was Darwin’s On the Origin of Species received by his contemporary scholars, particularly by theologians and religious authors? That is the subject of the thoroughly researched and elegantly written book by David N. Livingstone, Dealing with Darwin. Place, Politics, and Rhet...
Hanqin Shen1,3, Boliang Wu1,2, Guangwei Li1, Feng Chen1, Qingbin Luo1,3, Yimin Chen1, Qingmei Xie1,2,3*
...in circulation for two decades, has become the predominant subtype in China, attracting considerable attention due to human infections and the contribution of internal genes to H5N1 and H7N9 influenza viruses. Multiple H9N2 AIV genotypes have been identified from various species, including birds and mammals. H9N2 AIVs could spread through water, air, and live bird markets. Since the first isolate from 1994 in China, H9N2 AIVs have been prevalent over 20 areas ...
Aradhana Chopra1, Ravi Shukla2 and Tarun Kumar Sharma2,3*
...ations. Since the last decade, aptamers have been regarded as an emerging player in biology. They have found applications not only in biosensors, but also in other areas such as diagnostics, biomarker discovery, drug delivery, bio-imaging and molecular therapy. In this review we have summarized recent advancements and applications of aptamers in biology....
Thomas J. Coleman III
Science, Religion and Culture, Vol. 2, Iss. 2, Pages 39-41
Chun-Yi Lin1, Meng-Ling Wu2, Tang-Long Shen1, Hsin-Hung Yeh3, Ting-Hsuan Hung1*
...d), have been reported decades ago without further pathological and genetic researches in Taiwan. Here, bioassay, multiplex RT-PCR and multiplex real-time RT-PCR were used to detect the current status of the two viroids showing HSVd was more prevalent than CEVd and simultaneous infections were common in field. Uneven distributions of both viroids also occurred in different tissues of citrus. Two multiplex molecular detection methods provide the understanding o...
Nisar Ahmad1*, Inayatullah Jan2, Saif Ullah1 and Sidra Pervez1
...ctor over the last few decades, credit needs of the farmers have increased rapidly. Credit is considered an important factor for raising the productivity and income of the farmers. The current study attempts to analyse the impact of credit on wheat productivity in district Jhang. Furthermore, study explores the purpose of farmers for acquiring loan and major sources of credit in district Jhang. This study is based on primary data collected in 2013 from eight v...
Shen Yang1, Guang-Zhi Tong1, 2*
...racellular signalling cascades of the innate immune system triggered by HP-PRRSV often lead to the elimination of infection. However, HP-PRRSV induces pathological changes and can cause aberrant immune responses in the host, resulting in acute lung injury and immune dysfunction. Studies of the innate immune responses to HP-PRRSV infection are crucial to gaining insight into HP-PRRSV-induced pathogenesis and for the development of novel protective vaccines. In ...
Benjamin Beit-Hallahmi
... shared by most humans. Academic research, or science, is the product of counter-intuitive, unnatural psychological processes, and the resulting concepts are beyond the reach of most. It is not surprising that religion has been around for possibly more than 100,000 years, while academic research is a recent historical development. Over the past century, individuals who make academic resear...
Ashley C. Banyard1* and Satya Parida2
...f rinderpest virus for decades little is understood regarding factors that influence the outcome of infection with both viral and host genetics being thought to influence the outcome of disease. Following the successful global eradication of rinderpest virus, peste des petits ruminants virus has also been targeted for global eradication by the OIE. Whilst the tools are available to attempt eradication there are a number of factors that will influen...
Keyvan Sharifmoradi1*, Nader Farahpour2
...ere was no difference in cadence between left and right of normal subjects and those with PD. However, there was a significant decrease in walking speed and stride length in both sides of PD patients compared to normal subjects. Patients with PD showed a significant decrease in progression force and the second peak of vertical force. These subjects have to decrease their walking speed and increase their double limb support percentage to improve dynamic stabili...
Zafar Khan, Asad Sultan, Rajwali Khan, Sarzamin Khan, Imranullah and Kamran Farid
Muhammad Khurshid, Muhammad Nafees, Inam-ur-Rahim and Wajid Rashid
... during the past three decades and its impacts on traditional mobile pastoral system. For this purpose, participatory discussions, Global Positioning System (GPS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) were used to identify and record land use changes during past three decades. Detail interviews were also conducted with nomadic and semi-nomadic pastoralists to identify and evaluate the impacts of agriculture land use change...
Ali Murad Rahoo1,2, Tariq Mukhtar3,*, Simon R. Gowen1, Rehana Kanwal Rahoo4 and Shaukat Ibrahim Abro5
...at application of EPN in cadavers may be appropriate in Pakistan because of the non-availability of industrially produced isolates....
Abdul Wajid Khalil and Zafar Iqbal
Jun Gao1,2, Liang-Liang Yue3, Xianhuan Jiang1, Liju Ni4, Muhammad Aqeel Ashraf5, Yuxun Zhou,1 Kai Li1,* and Junhua Xiao1,*
...ward trend in the past decades, which may due to the habitats loss and environmental degradation.
... 
Nirbhay Kushwaha, Achuit K Singh, Brotati Chattopadhyay and Supriya Chakraborty
Recent advances in geminivirus detection and future perspectives
...g. During the last two decades, whitefly-transmitted geminiviruses have emerged as serious pathogens of several agricultural and horticultural crops (like tomato, chillies, cotton, pulses, papaya, cucurbits, okra etc.) causing enormous losses in the tropics, which provide ideal conditions for the perpetuation of viruses and the insect-vector. Despite concerted efforts to contain begomoviruses and their vectors, menacing disease epidemics caused by newly emergi...
S. Subharani, S. S. Thorat, N. Abem, L. Amit Kumar and T. K. Singh
A database on parasitoid of insect pests of crops in Manipur, India
...ss. The database is for academic purpose and it includes the taxonomic details of the parasitoid, host insect, host plant, morphological characters, geographical distribution, period of activity, parasitoid behavior and its biology etc. Image of the parasitoid species are also provided for helping in easy identification of the species. Keywords: Database, insect-pest, parasitoids, Manipur
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M. S. A. Mamun and M. Ahmed
Integrated pest management in tea: prospects and future strategies in Bangladesh
...cides began only a few decades ago with tremendous immediate economic gains but its abuses were not foreseen or ignored. As a consequence there arose the development of resistance to pesticides, pest resurgence and undesirable pesticide residue in the made tea as the major problems. Current trends in eco-friendly insect pest management practices emphasize the host plant resistance, preparation and application methods of new botanicals and microbial pesticide f...
Anjan Bhattacharyya, Suhrid Ranjan Barik & Pritam Ganguly
New pesticide molecules, formulation technology and uses: Present status and future challenges
... during the last three decades. Researches are going on to develop safer molecules which could undergo photo-degradation, microbial degradation as well as chemical degradation leaving very less amount of residues in the environment. Conventional pesticide formulations like WP, EC etc are endangering human health and polluting environment. Newly developed modern formulations like water emulsifiable gel, floating granules, drift less dust, macro and micro encaps...
Mohammed M. Ibrahim1,2*, Y.S. Chandel1 and Anil3
Adnan Yousaf1,Jia Wu1, Qaiser Shakeel2, Yasir Iftikhar3, Muhammad Irfan Ullah4, Uzma Tahira5,Mustansar Mubeen1 and Wubei Dong1,*
...gement by using derosol, cadusafos and Trichoderma harzianum in the green house at 25 ± 4ºC. Primarily, 15 chilies cultivars viz., 28-2010, C-72, Sanam, C-73, Gola Peshawari, 27-2010, Tata Puri, C-302, C-33, C-19, 5-2010, C-68, 11-2010, 18-2010 and 15-2010 were evaluated against M. incognita and S. rolfsii. Two week old chilies plants were inoculated with M. incognita, S. rolfsii separately and in combinati...
Asad Abdullah1, Muhammad Irfan Ullah1,*, Muhammad Waqar Hassan2, Samina Khalid3, Yasir Iftikhar4, Muhammad Arshad1 and Jaime Molina-Ochoa5,6
.../i> Ishida, (Homopter: Cicadellidae) infesting Bt and non-Bt cotton cultivars. Foliar application of neem seed, Azadirachta indica extract was applied upon reaching economic threshold levels of B. tabaci and A. biguttula. The insect pest population was recorded 24 hours before and 24h, 72h and 168h after spray. Maximum reduction of 60.20% of B. tabaci on Bt cotton was recorded at 6% NSE while at 2% concentration...
Sanjukta Chakrabarti1, Colin J. Barrow2, Rupinder K. Kanwar3, Venkata Ramana1*, Rakesh N. Veedu4,5 and Jagat R. Kanwar3*
...oped over the last two decades and some are still at different development stages of pre-clinical and clinical trials. In this study, we explored the anti-angiogenic properties of three anti-VEGF molecules such as two fusion proteins, VEGF TrapR1R2 and VEGFR1(D1-D3)-Fc, and one DNA aptamer, RNV66, in an in vivo model of human A549 lung cancer. VEGF TrapR1R2 is a commercial anti-angiogenic fusion protein. Our earlier studies demonstrated the anti-angiogenic and...
Dr. Moazzam Baig Mirza
... General hospital or an Academic teaching hospital in a public or private sector? It is a challenging and life saving facility.
...
Sher Khan Panhwar1,2,3, Zhou Yong Dong1,4,*, Gao Tianxiang1,3, Wang Ping5, Han Zhiqiang1, Wang Zhongming1,4 and Wang Yang1,4
Imran Ali Rajput1*, Tajwer Sultana Syed1, Ghulam Hussain Abro1, Imran Khatri1 and Abdul Mubeen Lodhi2
...enic cotton since last decades has played a significant role in suppressing the pest population of Pectinophora gossypiella (Saund) which is the main pest of cotton in all over the world. Nevertheless, the indigenous botanical extracts have been used effectively against various sucking pests of cotton but only few studies have been attempted to observe their action against bollworms. Therefore, the present study has been designed to observe the dual ...
Soraya Khosravian Dehordi*, Abdolnaser Mohebbi and Kahin Shahanipour
...ts spleen exposed to the cadmium (Cd) metal. For this purpose, thirty male rats equally divided into six groups, group I received nano-Se (0.1mg/kg) alone as dose, group II selenite odium (0.1mg Se/kg) alone, group III Cd chloride (300mg/250cc), group IV Cd along with nano-Se, group V Cd along with selenite sodium and group VI (control) given (1 ml) saline. All doses was orally (gavage) given to rates.Protein carbonyls (PC) andthiobarbituric acid reactive subs...
Ali Murad Rahoo,1,2,* Tariq Mukhtar,1,3 Shoukat Ibrahim Abro,4 Barkat Ali Bughio5 and Rehana Kanwal Rahoo6
...ernematid species in the cadaver. The production of IJ was the maximum in the case of H. bacteriophora which was not statistically different form H. indica. Minimum IJ were produced by S. feltiae. The IJ produced by S. kraussei and S. carpocapsae were statistically similar. The emergence of Steinernematids started from the 14th day and that of Heterorhabditids from the 17th day. In case of Heterorhabditi...
Liaqat Ali Shahid, M. Azhar Saeed and Nadeem Amjad*
...ected for the last two decades due to mainly unfavourable edible oil import policies. Three main institutions/organizations namely Oilseed Programme NARC, Agricultural and Biological Engineering Institute (ABEI), NARC and Pakistan Oilseed Development Board (PODB) Islamabad are jointly working at federal level on the development and promotion of oilseed crops. More precisely, Oilseeds Programme is working on the development of new varieties and their promotion....
Muhammad Azeem Khan*, Abid Hussain, Irfan Mehmood and Sonila Hassan **
...d that over last three decades, number of small and tenant farmers increased in the semi-arid zones of Pakistan due to environmental harshness in general and law of inheritance in particular. Due to increase in mean annual temperatures and irregular rain patterns, area under major crops at Kohat and productivity of major crop at Attock decreased. Bivariate correlations between mean seasonal rainfall, area and production of major crops were moderately positive ...
Shahida N.Khokhar*
CROP INOCULANTS- AN UNDEREXPLORED POTENTIAL IN AGRICULTURE
...verty. During last two decades, many efforts were made to address the issue through developing and applying the inoculants. Several research institutions including National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC), Islamabad, Pakistan contributed significantly to these efforts. There are many reports on achieving increase in yield of legumes, cereals (wheat, maize) and vegetable crops. This however has yet to be taken to farmers' field effectively. The present pape...
Frasat Saeed*, Jehanzeb Farooq*, Abid Mahmood**, Tassawar Hussain***, Muhammad Riaz* and Saghir Ahmad****
GENETIC DIVERSITY IN UPLAND COTTON FOR COTTON LEAF CURL VIRUS DISEASE, EARLINESS AND FIBER QUALITY
...kistan during last two decades the major factor limiting cotton production is cotton leaf curl virus disease (CLCuD). For estimation of genetic diversity regarding CLCuD tolerance, fiber quality and some yield contributing traits, 101 cotton genotypes imported from USA were evaluated. Different statistical procedures like cluster, principle components (PC) and correlation analysis were employed to identify the suitable genotypes that can be further exploited i...
Usman Shakoor*, Abdul Saboor*, Irfan Baig*, Anila Afzal** and Abdul Rahman***
CLIMATE VARIABILITY IMPACTS ON RICE CROP PRODUCTION IN PAKISTAN
...search during the last decade. Climate changes are believed to have declining effects towards crop production in Pakistan. This study carries an empirical investigation of the effects of climate change on rice crop of Pakistan by employing Vector Auto Regression (VAR) model. Annual seasonal data of the climatic variables from 1980 to 2013 has been used. Results confirmed that rising mean maximum temperature would lead to reduction in rice production while incr...
Sumia Bint Zaman*, Waqas Farooq*, Sidra Majeed*, Hasnain Shah*, and Abdul Majid**
ASSESSMENT OF AGRICULTURE SERVICE PROVIDERS' TRAINING ON WATER CONSERVATION TECHNOLOGIES IN POTHWAR REGION
...g component to prepare a cadre was included in the USDA funded 'Watershed Rehabilitation' project being implemented in collaboration with ICARDA and other NARS partners. The prime objective of these training programmes was to impart training based skills on water conservation technologies. To help in improving the effectiveness, the socioeconomic backup for assessment of these trainings was included as part of the activity. The information for paper is collect...
Mubbashira Nazir*, Saira Batool*, Sultan Ali Tariq**, Abid Hussain** and Ya Sakina**
INTERDECADAL GROWTH VARIABILITY AND DECOMPOSITION ANALYSIS OF FRUIT CROPS IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
...ava) in almost all the decades, except for mango in 1970s and guava in 2000s. The decline in production of mango in 1970s was due to negative growth in both area and yield. While, a slowdown growth in the area and decrease in yield were reasons of decline in production of guava in 2000s. Growth in production of minor fruits showed a cyclical trend i.e., increased and decreased in alternate decades. Results of Cuddy-Della Val...
Aitezaz Ahsan1*, Muhammad Usman1, Ihsan Ullah2, Aamer Bin Zahur3 and Adnan Rasheed Malik4
...fication over the last decade. These diagnostic assays vary in their sensitivity, specificity, reliability and reproducibility. Although these assays are detecting PPRV with precision but there is need to develop some cost effective diagnostic assays which would be applicable in the field conditions and in the developing countries like Pakistan.
...
Asmatullah1, Chaman Ara1,*, Shagufta Andleeb2, Maha Tahir1, Beenish Zahid1 and Madeeha Arshad1
...nital defects induced by cadmium in developing mice. For this purpose, different aqueous concentrations of cadmium chloride i.e. 0.00, 6.25, 12.50, 25.00 µg/g B.W of mice were given orally to pregnant mice on days 6-12 of gestation daily. Another series of mice were treated with different concentrations of cadmium chloride and also with an antidote (guava fruit extract) on day...
Ali Murad Rahoo1,*, Tariq Mukhtar2, Ali Murad Jakhar3, Rehana Kanwal Rahoo3
...) from T. molitor cadavers was compared in relation to the dosage of infective juveniles (IJ) applied and exposure periods. Significantly (P< 0.001) greater numbers of nematodes (predominantly IJ) were recovered from the cadavers of T. molitor that had been inoculated with S. feltiae than H. bacteriophora. The inoculum dose also had an influence on the numbers of nematodes recovered. There were...
Shagufta Andleeb*1, Shabana Shaukat1, Chaman Ara2
... by a sub-lethal dose of cadmium chloride and protective role of garlic (Allium sativum), to minimize the intensity of these toxicities. For this purpose, fertilized eggs of Gallus domesticus were randomly divided into four groups of forty eggs each. Control group was intact and untreated. Eggs of one group were injected with a sub-lethal dose of cadmium chloride (1.5 µg/egg) in albumin on 7th ...
Jun-Ying Liu, He-He Liu*, Jie Kou, Yang-Mei Zhao, Ji-Wen Wang, Liang Li and Xiao-Hui Du
...to the TLR4 signaling cascade.
...
Arshad Mahmood Malik1, Khalid Mahmood Mughal2, Sarfraz Ahmed Mian2 and Atta Ullah Khan2
...tion to the problem of decade old stagnancy in yield of the vegetables especially tomato to cater the increasing demand due to gigantic population increase. This study has been designed to analyze the hydroponics production system and productivity improvement option in Pakistan and its future prospects. Study is based on primary data collected by the researcher. Sample firm was Farmers Market Pvt. Ltd which is unique entity involved in commercial production of...
Ashraf Sayed Awaad1 and Mohamed Zaki Fathy2*
...ropelvic regions of goat cadavers and five live goats of both sexes ranged between 25-30 kg body weight. Longitudinal and cross anatomical sections were done on these samples; the sections were photographed and compared with coronal and sagittal sections of CT images. While transverse and parasagittal US were performed in goats over the selected new site (last inter-lumber space (L5-L6). The latter was compared with the L6-S space by gross anatomy, CT and imag...
Nasreen Ishaq1, Arif Rasheed Malik2, Zameer Ahmad1, Saad Ehsan Ullah3
...on and during last few decades multiple research work has been conducted for detection of different methods of identification to establish a baseline of identity e.g. dental data, fingerprinting, DNA analysis, anthropometry, identification of sex, assessment of age, determination of height and blood groups identification. Among these, DNA analysis and dental data provide easiest identifications, however, these techniques are expensive and not readily available...
Shumaila Irum1, Muhammad Zafar Iqbal*2 and Fatima Naumeri3
...res for students’ academic self-perception, students’ perception of the atmosphere, and students’ social self-perception were 17.17±6.73, 26.89±10.89, and 16.34±6.70, respectively.
Conclusion: Although DREEM scores showed improvement from previously published scores of same medical college, it also highlighted the areas needing further improvement.
...
Ayesha Aihetasham, Saira Shariq and Javed Iqbal Qazi*
...n of fungal species from cadavers of notorious subterranean termite, Heterotermes indicola. Virulence of Rhizopus stolonifer isolate and resultant variations in food consumption of H. indicola workers were evaluated over a period of one month by employing surface culture method. Following different time exposures, R. stolonifer significantly produced epozootics on the tested insects, with resultant decrease in food consumption. Beha...
Naeem Ahmad1,* and Zulqurnain2*
... worldwide in last few decades. Selection of the suitable strain for farming is always a critical decision for farmers. The purpose of the present study was to compare the growth performance of two GIFT strains (GIFT-Th, imported from Thailand; GIFT-Tw, obtained from a local hatchery) in two earthen ponds, fed with commercially available feed. Similar feeding regime and physical conditions were maintained for both treatments. It was found that there was no sig...
Muhammad Khan1,*, Amara Maryam2, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir1, Javed Iqbal Qazi1 and Yongming Li3,*
..., COX-2, MMP-2, MMP-9, E-cadherin and N-cadherin. Moreover, we found that chronic BaP exposure promoted migration without enhancing the proliferation of cells and BHS-I was equally toxic to both BaP-treated and untreated A549 cells. Taken together, the data of present study indicate that BHS-I not only inhibits metastasis but also induces cell death in BaP-treated A549 cells. Therefore, BHS-I may become a potential lead comp...
Impacts of Climate Change on Livestock and Livestock Produces: A Case Study of Banke District, Nepal
Anish Shrestha* and Samata Baral
... to face in the coming decades. The threat and vulnerability are catastrophic mainly to marginal and remote areas. No sector, person or region is free from impacts of climate change and neither is livestock sector. This study was carried in Banke district to find out impacts of climate change on livestock and its productivities. Result showed that farmers perceived the climate change as change in rainfall pattern, rainfall duration, onset of the monsoon, and c...
Ali Murad Rahoo1, Tariq Mukhtar2,*, Barkat Ali Bughio3 and Rehana Kanwal Rahoo4
...>Galleria mellonella cadavers may differ among different species of EPN and hosts of various sizes. Therefore, the objective of conducting the present study was to compare the productivity of two EPN (Steinernema feltiae and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora) in G. mellonella larvae of different sizes. The size of G. mellonella had significant effect on the emergence of IJ. Significantly greater numbers of IJ both of H. bacteriop...
Fan Shuli1*, Ameer Hussain Jarwar1,3, Xiaoyan Wang2, Long Wang1 and Qifeng Ma1
...istan during the first decade of this century to moderate harmful effects of lepidopterous insects; which were causing major loss to the cotton production ultimately to the economy of the country. Currently the genetic modified cotton cultivation consumed for more than 95% area under cotton cultivation. There are certain pros and cons about the issues being faced by the cotton growing community of the country raising concerns for Bacillus thuringiensis cotton ...
Qudrat Ullah1,*, Huma Jamil1, Zafar Iqbal Qureshi1, Muhammad Saqib2 and Heinrich Neubauer3
...ts as a major trade barricade and adversely affects the productive and reproductive capabilities of animals. This study was planned to investigate the sero-prevalence of Coxiellosis and its relationship with some important risk factors in small ruminants kept at nine government livestock farms of Punjab, Pakistan. A total of 1000 blood samples (500 each from goats and sheep) were collected from animals kept at the respective livestock farms. An indirect-Enzyme...
Shoaib Nawaz1, Muhammad Razaq1, Zahid Mahmood Sarwar1*, Muhammad Sajjad1*, Syeda Aneeza Ubaid1, Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar2 and Usman Haider1
Sadia Murawwat1, *Nageen Fatima1, Qandeel Iqbal1, Syeda Ameena Rizvi1 and Mehak Fatima1
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING BEYOND CLASSROOM: CHALLENGES AND ANTICIPATED RESOLUTIONS
...h of professionalism in academia, insufficient educational capitals, not as much of hardware research laboratories at post graduate level, insufficient practical trainings, internships and professional skill development for improvement of hands on experience. These factors influence an Engineering graduate even after the completion of their undergraduate studies. After sorting these highlighted factors, this work has presented a framework for the improvement i...
Shagufta Nighat1, Muhammad Sajid Nadeem1,*, Syed Israr Shah1, Amber Khalid1, Tariq Mahmood2, Ayesha Aihetasham3 and Muhammad Asif4
... population. We measured cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu) lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) concentrations in bat tissues through atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Our findings showed that metals were more concentrated in the liver and kidneys, Zn and Pb showed high mean values as compared to other metals but these values were below the lethal levels. Within the regions and sexes no significant variations were found in metal concentrations; however within three bat species ...
Amara Amjad Hashmi1,2,*, Maqbool Hussain Sial3, Waqar Akram4 and Maaida Hussain Hashmi5,6
...lnutrition during last decade (2005-14). This study takes lead from earlier studies, in a sense; it covers two food price hike periods (2007 and 2011). So, it is important to understand, how food insecurity status and nutrition are affected by these shocks during this period. Thus, we use nationally representative data called as Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) from 2005-2014. Pakistan Bureau of Statistics collects this data in five rounds; 2005-...
Rahila Huma1,2, Tariq Mahmud1,*, Rubina Munir2, Sana Javaid Awan3,Kiran Iftikhar4 and Mufakkira-Tul-Islam5
Mehwish Akram1,2,* and Naeem Rashid1
...erved that the normal circadian control of the morning and evening anticipation is also dependant on these potassium channels. The flies deficient in IRK1 channels didn’t show an evening anticipation peak. Another interesting disclosure during this study was the inability of PDF-Tri neurons to undergo programmed cell death in the absence of inwardly rectifying potassium channels. Hence, IRK1, though poorly expressed in the Drosophila central nervo...
Ali Murad Rahoo1,*, Tariq Mukhtar2, Barkat Ali Bughio3 and Rehana Kanwal Rahoo4
...he application of EPN in cadavers may be appropriate because of the non-availability of industrially produced isolates. Therefore, in the present studies, Galleria mellonella and Tenebrio molitor were compared for invasion and production of IJ of Steinernema feltiae and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora. Both the nematodes caused 100% mortality of the test insects within 6 days. The mean numbers of IJ of S. feltiae invading each ...
Hassan Naveed1,2, Kamran Sohail2 and Yalin Zhang2*
Mehboob Arslan* and Xin Yang
...crucial player in the cascade of viral interactions, its modulation is essential to decide the final outcome of viral infection. Here, we concisely present how viruses alter the metabolic pathways for their own survival. ...
Kun Wang1,2, Yinglin Cui2, Xu Zhao2 and Changjiang Hu1*
...f claudin-5, ZO-1 and VE-cadherin was detected. The expression of DNA methyltransferase 3b (DNMT3b) and Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) was evaluated by western blot. And microRNA-29b was identified using quantitative real-time PCR. 3). Compared with the Model group, the group treated with XN had a significantly reduced number of dead neurons in hippocampus and cortical regions of ICH rats. Furthermore, this treatment significantly increased protein express...
Nouf Alharbi*, Mai Elobeid and Promy Virk
...ect of quercetin against cadmium-induced toxicity and oxidative stress in a male Sparaque Dawley rat model. There were four experimental groups with 6 rats in each: Group I control orally received normal saline, Group II orally administrated cadmium chloride (5 mg/kg bw/d), Group III orally administrated cadmium chloride (5mg/kg bw/d) and treated with low dose of quercetin (50 mg/kg bw/d),...
Muhammad Waqas, Shahid Ali*, Syed Attaullah Shah and Ghaffar Ali
....4%) for the last four decades. This study therefore analysed supply response of unirrigated wheat in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa during 1981-2017. Data was obtained from Agricultural Statistics of Pakistan, Pakistan Bureau of Statistics, Development Statistics of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Pakistan Meteorological Department, Peshawar. ADF and PP tests of stationarity suggested that three variables are stationary at level and four variables are stationary at first differen...
Naveed Afsar* and Muhammad Idrees
...rainfall over the past decades. The study recommends that farmers should be trained well to more appropriately tackle the menace of climate change, extension workers should be made sure to visit the farmers in their fields on regular basis, and Government should promote information technology in order to properly disseminate the climate change knowledge. ...
Shanshan Cai1, Tianxiang Gao2, Binlun Yan3, Aiyi Zhu1 and Xiumei Zhang1,2,*
...ources restoration for decades. In this study, 524 female broodstock from 10 hatcheries and 547 recaptured crabs from 6 investigations were used to assess the proportion of released individuals and evaluate the effect of the program in Shandong Province in 2014. Parentage determination between broodstock and recaptured individuals was implemented by using mitochondrial control region fragments and three microsatellite markers. When using mtDNA loci, 242 indivi...
Ping Jiang1 , Zhihui Zhao1, 2, Xiaohui Li2, Mengyan Wang2, Lixin Xia2, Yang Cao3, Runjun Yang2 and Xibi Fang2*
Muhammad Naeem Khan* and Asad Jan
...g/g) were found while no cadmium and chromium was detected. MCE and EAF displayed considerable antibacterial activity against Xanthomonas campestris and Pseudomonas aeruginosa causing 12.6±0.54 mm and 20.6±0.53 mm zone of inhibition, respectively which was analogous to that of cefixime, used as standard drug. In case of antifungal activity MCE hindered the growth of Fusarium oxysporum effectively, causing 19.3±0.41 mm zone of inhibition, w...
Barkat Ali1,2, Wasim Sajjad1,2,3, Imran Khan1, Muhammad Rafiq1, Sahib Zada1, Aamer Ali Shah1 and Fariha Hasan1,*
... such as; iron, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and nickel were shown by strains like; Alcaligenes spp. N14 and N21, Bordetella spp. N30 and Streptomyces spp. N28. Alcaligenes spp. N27 and Lysinibacillus spp. P17 showed strong activity against all the three ATCC strains. The study concludes that the bacteria isolated from the rocks having substantial resistance to heavy metals are also showing good antibacterial activity as well ...
Arjumand Nizami1, Jawad Ali2 and Muhammad Zulfiqar3
...spring and monsoon. In decadal scenario, it is likely that annual average precipitation will continue to increase till 2030 and start declining during 2030-2040 in all the seasons. The temperature scenarios also present a noticeable change. An average increase in temperature in KP is 1.80C during 2010-2040. In the Northern districts (mountain areas) it is the 1.90C closely followed by Central with 1.80C and the South 1.60C (where South is already a heat surplu...
Hafiz Abdullah Shakir1*, Javed Iqbal Qazi2, Abdul Shakoor Chaudhry2, Muhammad Irfan3, Muhammad Khan1, Shaukat Ali4 and Saima Shahzad Mirza5
...d metals (chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) in fish scales. A study was conducted on total 216 fish specimens, comprised of 3 fish species (Catla catla (thaila), Labeo rohita (rohu) and Cirrhinus mrigala (mori)) from river Ravi during two flow seasons at four sampling locations including upstream Lahore Siphon = A, Shahdera = B, Sunder=C and downstream Balloki headworks = D. ...
Bibi Nazia Murtaza1, Mazhar Saeed Chaudry2, Shamaila Inayat Nadeem1, Muhammad Shahid Nadeem3 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori4,*
... Ras induced RAF-MAPK cascade activation. PTEN protein is involved in the negative regulation of PI3K pathway. Mutations in upstream kinases, growth factor receptors or intrinsic members of cascades can lead to induce or promote cancers. Number of somatic mutations in several genes, majority of which are involved in chromatin modification and transcriptional regulation, have been reported in NHL. G468R and G468A mutations in...
Larysa Kladnytska1, Anatoliy Mazurkevych1, Natalia Bezdieniezhnykh2, Oleg Melnyc1, Sergiy Velychko3, Mykola Malyuk1, Vasyl Danilov1, Yuriy Kharkevych1 and Magdalena Gryzinska4*
...; 265,7 ± 20,7, E-cadherin – 298,3 ± 1 points, indicating that this cells have a high adhesive properties, proliferation activity, cell signaling, interaction and mobility. The level of expression of these proteins remains high in the stem cells culture also at the Xth passage, although it is significantly lower in relation to the IVth passage. At the IVth passage adipose stem cells are characterized by aver...
Saima Asad1*, Irfan Ahmad Baig2, Abdul Saboor3 and Rashid Mahmood4
Samia Afzal*,Sadia Zahid, Iram Amin, Muhammad Shahid and Muhammad Idrees
.... Although in the past decade millions of people in several continents like Asia, Africa and some islands of Indian Ocean have faced the major outbreaks of Chikungunya virus because of its travel associated febrile nature. An inexplicable paralyzing disease has trapped thousands of people in Karachi region of Pakistan and the symptomatology among suspected cases was compatible with Chikungunya fever. Thus Chikungunya outbreak was reported in Pakistan but actua...
Saeed Fatima1, Khalid Javed Iqbal1, Usman Atique2,3*, Arshad Javid4, Noor Khan2, Sonia Iqbal2, Hamid Majeed5, Hamda Azmat2, Bakhat Yawar Ali Khan6, Irfan7, Muhammad Tausif Shahid1, Gulnaz Afzal1
...c (As), mercury (Hg) and cadmium (Cd) are one of the greatest threats to aquatic biota for their persistence, bioaccumulation and biomagnification across the globe.This study presents the first hand data of toxic trace metals in edible fish muscles, sediments and water sampled from Head Punjnad (HP), Pakistan during 2017. The likely reason for the selection of HP as a study target was its emergent prominence as an irrigation hub and holidaymakers spot largely ...
Muhammad Usman Saleem, Nadeem Iqbal, Shawaiz Iqbal*, Usama Bin Khalid, Adila Iram, Muhammad Akhter, Tahir Latif and Tahir Hussain Awan
...nued puddling over the decades, resulting in structural breakdown leads to a compacted layer (the plough plate) that acts as a barrier to the infiltration of water and causes temporary waterlogging, which confines the penetration of roots and growth of a subsequent wheat crop after the harvesting of rice crop. DSR technology helps by eliminating the need for continuous ponding of water and thus lessens water use for rice production, resulting in saving of 15-2...
Afzal Nimra1, Zulfiqar Ali1*, Safdar Sidra 2, Rida Ahmad1
... trace metals lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As) and nickel (Ni) were evaluated in the Orthopaedic Operation Theater (OOT), Orthopaedic Wards (OW) and Orthopaedic Emergency Rooms (OER) of six hospitals, in Lahore, Pakistan. Overall, the average levels of Cd, As and Ni (31, 20, and 37 ng/m3) were lower indoors as compared to outdoors (39, 21, and 51 ng/m3) except Pb. The high indoor levels of Pb (113 ng/m3) as compared to out...
Muhammad Ali1*, Norsida Man2, Farrah Melissa Muharam2 and Siti Zobidah Omar3
...r other researchers and academia to understand the influence of each construct in the model. ...
Neelam Pery*, Nayab Batool Rizvi, Muhammad Imtiaz Shafiq
...usly over the last two decades. The persistent monopoly of the conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs over the drug platform has been taken over by a number of biologics including TNFα inhibitors, IL-1 inhibitors, IL-6 inhibitors, and co-stimulatory signal inhibitors with better efficacy and safety profile. However, ...
Korkmaz Bellitürk1, Zubair Aslam2, Ali Ahmad2* and Sami ur Rehman2
...d heavy metals i.e. tin, cadmium, nickel, lead, mercury and chromium parameters were evaluated. The experimental design was Complete Randomized Design (CRD). The data obtained was investigated at 1% probability and Least Significant Difference (LSD) test was used to segregate the significant means. The outcomes showed that percentages of EC, C:N ratio, heavy metals and organic matter decreased in vermicompost as compared to raw material while the proportion of...
Ebtisam Mirza1, Nadeem Ehsan1
DEVELOPMENT OF PROJECT EXECUTION COMPLEXITY INDEX
...cts. Project management academicians
have conceived a few complexity characterization models but a comprehensive complexity measurement model
encompassing factors of important project constraints i.e. scope, time and cost is still missing. In this research, a
model has been developed to compute PECI (Project Execution Complexity Index) for various categories of projects
considering varying levels of complexity, i.e. PECI(R) for R&am...
have conceived a few complexity characterization models but a comprehensive complexity measurement model
encompassing factors of important project constraints i.e. scope, time and cost is still missing. In this research, a
model has been developed to compute PECI (Project Execution Complexity Index) for various categories of projects
considering varying levels of complexity, i.e. PECI(R) for R&am...
Misbah Ullah1, Rehman Akhtar1, Sikandar Bilal Khattak1, Khawar Naeem1
CYCLE TIME OPTIMIZATION FOR IMPERFECT MANUFACTURING SETUP FOCUSING WORK-IN-PROCESS INVENTORY
... focused during recent decades for optimum lot size calculation based on
average cost minimization. However, cycle time optimization has been ignored relatively when processes are imperfect
and inspection as a process is considered. Furthermore, the role of work-in-process inventory with respect to cycle
time has always been significant. Hence, this paper integrates work-in-process inventory and imperfect production
setup in order t...
average cost minimization. However, cycle time optimization has been ignored relatively when processes are imperfect
and inspection as a process is considered. Furthermore, the role of work-in-process inventory with respect to cycle
time has always been significant. Hence, this paper integrates work-in-process inventory and imperfect production
setup in order t...
Sajjad Ali1, Muhammad Shahzad Khattak1, Daulat Khan1, Mohammed Sharif2, Hamad Khan1, Asmat Ullah3,
Abdul Malik1
PREDICTING FUTURE TEMPERATURE AND PRECIPITATION OVER PAKISTAN IN THE 21ST CENTURY
...ure rise in the coming decades. The projections of precipitation changes over Pakistan by different models show greater variability compared to temperature changes. An
increase in precipitation in the range of (1-11%) was projected over Pakistan for the mid century. However, central
Balochistan and southern Punjab showed negative precipitation departures ranging from -1 to-11%, thus increasing
the likelihood of droughts in these regions. F...
increase in precipitation in the range of (1-11%) was projected over Pakistan for the mid century. However, central
Balochistan and southern Punjab showed negative precipitation departures ranging from -1 to-11%, thus increasing
the likelihood of droughts in these regions. F...
Suhaib*, Shahid Maqsood*, Sikandar Bilal Khattak*, Misbah Ullah*, Rehman Akhtar*, Rashid Nawaz*, Iftikhar Hussain*, Abdul Shakoor**, Khizar Azam**
SINGLE FACILITY LOCATION SELECTIONPROBLEM FOR A PAKISTAN BASED ICE CREAM COMPANY: A CASE STUDY
...ations. In
past decade, extensive research has beencarried out in this field. Most of the facility location optimization techniques
provide optimum or near optimumsolution. In this paper, an optimization technique median method is applied to a
real world problem of a multinational ice cream company’s factory located in Lahore, Punjab (province) Pakistan,
with an objective of minimum overall cost between a warehouse and destina...
past decade, extensive research has beencarried out in this field. Most of the facility location optimization techniques
provide optimum or near optimumsolution. In this paper, an optimization technique median method is applied to a
real world problem of a multinational ice cream company’s factory located in Lahore, Punjab (province) Pakistan,
with an objective of minimum overall cost between a warehouse and destina...
Muhammad Amjad1,*, Saeed Badshah1, Muhammad Adil Khattak2, Rafi Ullah Khan1, Muhammad Mujahid1
CHARACTERIZATION OF NICKLE FREE TITANIUM ALLOY TI-27NB FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS
...s common since several decades. Titanium alloys are the most commonly used bone implant
materials. TI-27Nb (Titanium-27% Niobium) having no toxic effects on human body and also having low modulus.
The objective of this paper is the mechanical characterization of TI-27Nb. Tensile, hardness, microscopy and scanning
electron microscope tests were conducted on TI-27Nb specimens. The tensile strength and young modulus of TI-27Nb
Syed Asif Ali Shah*, Iftikhar Hussain*
PERFORMANCE OF THE MANUFACTURING SECTOR OF PAKISTAN AND ITS COMPETITIVENESS CAUSE AND REMEDY
...or over the past three decades has not grown measurably. A vibrant manufacturing sector entails a move from static to high productivity activities, and will contribute towards GDP growth as well as generating employment. This paper reviews the performance of Pakistan’s manufacturing sector and highlights its importance in economic development of the country and analyses the reasons behind the sectors apparent lack of competitiveness. It also discusses th...
Shaukat Ali*, Shah Khusro*, Laiq Hasan**, Asif Ali Khan**
A SURVEY OF MOBILE PHONES CONTEXT-AWARENESS USING SENSING COMPUTING RESEARCH
...ers, organizations, and academia emphasizing on using mobile phones sensing capabilities for developing effective context-aware applications. The readily available knowledge is organized and classified effectively to give insight knowledge about the phenomena. We believe that this paper will serve as a compact platform for researchers and learners to shine their understandings and address the open issues and challenges which exist or can emerge in this no...
Muhammad Naeem*, Sohail Asghar**
A REVIEW OF FEATURE SELECTION TECHNIQUES IN STRUCTURE LEARNING
...tify;">In the last two decades, there has been significant advancement in heuristics for inducing Bayesian belief networks for the purpose of automatic distillation of knowledge from masses of data with target concepts. However, there are various circumstances where we are confronted to fix a set of most influencing variables in modelling of class variable. This arises in provision of confidence measures on set of variables used in the stru...
Asadullah Saleem* and Nadeem Ehsan*
STATUS OF PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS IN INFRASTRUCTURE CONSTRUCTION FIRMS OF PAKISTAN
... firms during last two decades. Before a solution in the form of a suitable performance measurement framework could be prescribed to domestic firms to solve performance related problems, it is a pre-condition that one gets to know the health of performance measurement system (PMS) currently practised by these organizations. Questionnaire based survey revealed that there is an empirical evidence that most of the infrastructure firms find the...
Feroza Arshad*, Aftab Ahmed Memon**, Muhammad Aslam Uqaili** and Arshad Habib Malik*
SYNTHESIS OF A NOVEL ROBUST INTELLIGENT CASCADED REACTIVITY CONTROLLER FOR CANDU REACTOR
..., a Novel Intelligent Cascaded Reactivity Controller (NICRC) is synthesized for a CANadian Deuterium Uranium (CANDU) -type Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) operating in Pakistan. The designed NICRC is a cascaded configuration of reactor power and moderator level controllers composed of five sub-controllers. The proposed NICRC is designed using intelligent soft computing technique. The original reactivity controller&n...
Amir Naveed1, Unsia Habib1, Fouzia Parveen2, Syed Naveed Ul Hasan1, Muddasar Habib1, Irfan Shah1
AN INVESTIGATION OF HEAVY AND TRACE ELEMENTS IN COAL DEPOSITS OF MAKARWAL PAKISTAN AND THEIR POSSIBLE IMPACTS ON SURROUNDING WATER-CASE STUDY
...om 3.0–16.34mg/kg, cadmium (Cd) 2.23–4.61 mg/ kg, Co 22.1–29.3 mg/kg, Cr 113.1–288.2 mg/kg, Cu 8.53–23.2 mg/kg, Fe 1133–10813 mg/kg, Ni 44.35–148.8 mg/kg, Pb 18.49–46.25 mg/kg and Zn 25–242 mg/kg. Moreover, the Mk-D coal samples had the high concentration of Ni, Cr, As, and Cd. However, the coal samples from Mk-C had higher contents of Cu and Pb. Whereas, Fe was abundant in Mk-B coal samples. These res...
Uzma Nawaz1*, Muhammad Iftikhar Khan1, Muhammad Naeem Arbab1
TECHNO-ECONOMICS OF UPS SYSTEM AS BACKUP POWER SOURCE DURING LOAD SHEDDING
...kistan of the last two decades has forced electricity consumers to use backup power sources based on portable generator sets and Un-interrupted Power Supply (UPS) devices. In order to maintain continuity of supply to basic appliances such as lights and ceiling fans, the majority of consumers use UPS with battery backup due to its less initial cost compared to portable generator sets. Following the increased use of battery based UPS as backu...
Sikandar Bilal Khattak, Iftikhar Hussain, Rashid Nawaz
EVALUATING THE SOCIAL ASPECT OF SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION FOR PAKISTAN VIA ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS
...ther. In the past decade researchers have presented models for sustainability and identified factors for different countries. Most of the definition related to sustainability, sustainable development, and sustainable construction relies on economy, environment and society. This makes social aspect (society) to be of prime importance. This paper focuses on the social aspects of the sustainable construction. Most of the sustainability studies...
Hina Imtiaz1*, Salma Khalid2, Kashaf Riaz1, Muhammad Arshad Ullah3 and Zubair Rehman4
Shakeel Ahmed* and Sarwat Jahan
...intake and dark light circadian rhythms. In rodents and higher primates its stimulatory role in HPG axis is reported. Growth hormone (GH) is released from anterior pituitary and directly or indirectly play very important role in regulation of HPG axis. In the present study the pathway of stimulatory role of NMS was investigated in the regulation of HPG axis. For this purpose, after NMS administration plasma testosterone (T) and growth hormone (GH) levels were ...
Muhammad Aamir Naseer1, Amjad Islam Aqib2*, Ambreen Ashar3, Muhammad Ijaz Saleem1, Muhammad Shoaib4, Muhammad Fakhar-e-Alam Kulyar1, Khurram Ashfaq1, Zeeshan Ahmad Bhutta1 and Shagufta Nighat5
...pSA and nbpSA at various cadre. Milk samples (n=250) from cattle (n=90) and buffalo (n=160) were aseptically collected from various dairy farms and put to biofilm detection and antibiogram. Based on collected data with statistical inferences, the study found 61.60% of S. aureus from subclinical samples, while 72.73% of S. aureus were positive for biofilm with uniform hike in samples from cattle (77.55% bpSA) and buffalo (70.48% bpSA). Udder condi...
Ayesha Alam1,* and Labeeb Ali2
... of COVID 19 in coming decade. Thus, a qualitative risk assessment and disinfection of water supplies based on reported infection rates suggested that viruses in treated and untreated sewage effluents may pose the most risk. This risk assessment and a limited epidemiological evidence suggest that TSE is not harmful for the public places but it cannot be neglected, therefore proper guidelines and policies are required.
...
Muhammad Shahid1*, Unsar Naeem-Ullah1, Waheed S. Khan2, Shafqat Saeed1 and Kashif Razzaq3
Application of Nanotechnology for Insect Pests Management: A Review
...d field crops. In past decade, these insect pests had been controlled by the application of synthetic insecticides but due to the injurious application of these insecticides causes the development of resistance, environmental pollution, pest resurgence and unwanted effects on humans, animals and beneficial fauna. The pesticides residues remain in the different parts of the crops and cause the lethal effects on human health. Many countries in the world switched...
Ghazanfar Ali and Riffat-un-Nisa Awan*
...ng, problem solving and academic success.Scientific inquiry employs CT in enquiring about and explaining natural phenomenon. However, fostering CT through instruction is still a neglected area in educational institutions. The current study was intended to find out the relationships among critical thinking based instructional practices (CTIPs), critical thinking skills (CTS), critical thinking dispositions (CTD), and academic...
Muhammad Akram Muneer1, Khalid Munir1, Ghulam Abbas1’*, Isra Munir1, Mumtaz Ahmad Khan1, Asif Iqbal1, Munsoor ud Din Ahmad1, Muhammad Arshad Javid2, Zareen Fatima1 and Maria Arshad1
...tissuesduringlastthree decadesas these infectionscaused quitelargenumberofhumandeathsworldwide.Coronavirusesaresingle-strandedpositive sense RNA viruses which mainly in past were considered responsible for high percentage of (around 30%) of common cold/flu cases. Viruses causing SARS, MERS and COVID-19 are members of family Coronavirdae. World Health Organization (WHO) reported that the novel Cov-19 virus infection was first diagnosed in Wuhan, Hubei Pr...
Muhammad Tariq Chaudhary1, Saleem Ashraf 2, Muhammad Yaseen3 and Muhammad Luqman3
...tant for the successful academic performance and earning an employability. Study stresses to streamline extracurricular activities at institutes level and conductance of inter and intra institutes competitions to bring positive change in behavior of students to pave the way towards success.
...
Umair Riaz1*, Shazia Iqbal2, Muhammad Irfan Sohail2, Tayyaba Samreen2, Muhammad Ashraf1, Fatima Akmal2, Ayesha Siddiqui3, Ijaz Ahmad4, Muhammad Naveed5, Naveed Iqbal Khan5 and Rao Masood Akhter6
... drugs during last two decades are formulated from natural origin. Multitude of socio-economic factors influence economic values of medicinal plants both locally and at international level. The world trade in botanicals is US $ 32.702 billion and Asian botanical trade is for US $ 14.505 billion with 6.634 million tones and accounts for 44.35 per cent and 53.13 per cent of world trade in terms of value and volume, respectively. Following the leading role of Chi...
Canan Vejselova Sezer*
...ldwide in the last few decades. Recently, the risk of cancer and its mortality rates have increased both in economically less and highly developed countries. Two of the leading causes of the death of cancer are lung and breast cancers among males and females, respectively. A variety of drugs are in use for cancer treatment but their recruiting properties are limited because of the developing resistance and/or finiteness of bioavailability. Current research is ...
Khaliq Dad1, Muhammad Nawaz2*, Rumsha Hassan2, Kainat Javed2, Asma Shaheen2, Fengliang Zhao3, Muhammad Imran4, Syed Tansir Hussain Shah4, Muhammad Faraz Anwar5 and Muhammad Aurangzaib6
... flora. The existence of cadmium (Cd) in soil, atmosphere or water may unfavorably affect growth and physiology of plants. The experiment was conducted to study the impacts of biochar on the growth and physiology of tomato grown in Cd contaminated soil and activity of biochar in the contaminated soil. In this study different treatments of Cd were applied in the presence of certain portion of biochar. The order of treatments was 0 mg Cd as control with biochar ...
Safia Bibi1, Saima Naz1*, Saba Saeed1, Ahmad Manan Mustafa Chatha2
...ry (Hg), nickel (Ni) and cadmium (Cd) causes histopathological variations and several diseases in various fishes of Pakistan. Extensive histopathological variations in gills, liver, kidney and skin of different fishes were noticed when exposed to heavy metals, thus indicating severity of heavy metal toxicity. The current study was focused on the toxicological effect of Cr, Hg, Ni and Cd in different type of fishes and it would be useful for the scientific comm...
Muhammad Afnan Rabbi, Iqtidar Hussain*, Ejaz Ahmed, Muhammad Saad and Aitezaz Ali Asad Shahani
...roductivity since last decade. Use of synthetic plant growth regulators with nitrogen supply seems to be fruitful in this regard. So, an experiment was designed to assess the effect of various doses of N and P2O5 with combination of exogenous application of naphthalene acetic acid levels in late sown wheat in agro climatic conditions of Dera Ismail Khan, KP., Pakistan. Data registered on agronomic parameters i.e. plant height (cm), spike weight (g), spike leng...
Syed Ismat Hussain1, Muhammad Ramzan Asi1, Habbib Anwar1, Faqeer Ahmad1, Ateeq ur Rehman2*, Muhammad Shahid3, Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi2*, Ummad ud Din Umar2, Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar4, Memuna Ijaz1 and Hafiz Usman Shakir1
...omone [ZZ/ZE-7, 11-Hexadecadiene-1-yl-Acetate] impregnated ropes by using PB rope L dispensers at @ 100/acre, at first pin square stage to cause mating disruption. Performance comparison of control fields compared to PB rope treated fields was assessed throughout cropping period in different ecological zones using Analysis of Variance and Tukey multiple comparison means tests indicated a 95 % reduction in moth trap catches from July to October, in all the test...
Zhi Wang1*, Wenhua Liu2 and FadaoTai3
...l species. Still, its circadian activity patterns and time budgets in different behaviors remain unclear. Using artificial population of the animal bred in a simulated natural environment, activity patterns and time budgets were investigated. The results showed that the species was clearly nocturnal but varied greatly in the number of daily activity bouts showing bimodal patterns in winter, trimodal patterns in spring and summer, even tetramodal patterns in au...
Hassan Naveed1*, Kamran Sohail2, Gul Zamin Khan3 and Yalin Zhang2
Rahma Mohamed, Sara Nader, Dalia Hamza and Maha A. Sabry*
...portance over the last decade, as it is an emerging pathogen among immunocompetent individuals. There are no epidemiological data on the prevalence of this fungus in donkeys. The current research was conducted to investigate the possible role of the Egyptian donkeys in the epidemiology of such pathogen. Bacteriological analysis of nasal swabs of 52 diseased and healthy donkeys at different localities in Egypt revealed that the overall occurrence of Cryptoco...
Ramadan, F. Abbas1;H.M.Salem1; M.H. Belal2, and A. M. M. Abd-Alla3*
Eman A. Ahmed1, Osama Y. Shalaby2, Emad F. Dwidar2, Samah A. Mokbel1, Ahmed K. El-Attar1
... insects in the family Cicadellidae (leafhopper, Empoasca decipiens) and in
germinated seeds within the fruit, suggesting mechanical inoculation and seedtransmissible
were not feasible while the positive results were obtained by the other three
techniques for host plants with numerous symptoms obtained later. Transmission electron
microscopy (TEM) of experimentally inoculated samples, revealed phytoplasma in the<...
Karim M. Selim1, Abdullah A. Selim1, abdelsattar Arafa1, Hussein A. Hussein2, Ahmed A. El-Sanousi2
...>
three to seven decades old and are genetically distant from the currently circulating virulent
Newcastle disease virus (NDV).
Objectives: In this study we compared two vaccination programs against NDV in chickens,
one using genotype VII inactivated and live NDV vaccine are available in the market and
second group used genotype II inactivated LaSota vaccine with live vaccine.
Method: NDV isolat...
Moazama Batool1*, Sajid Abdullah2, Huma Naz3, Mubashar Hussain4, Sadia Maalik1, Sajida Mushtaq1, Tanveer Ahmed5 and Laiba Shafique6
...C50 of chromium (Cr) and cadmium (Cd) for 8-week. In both treatments statistically significantly, variable responses viz. wet weight gain (WG), feed intake (FI), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and specific growth rate (SGR) were determined. The control fish (unstressed) had significantly higher WG followed by Cr and Cd test mediums. The FI by C. marulius was significantly higher as 12.83±0.07 g in Cr followed by Cd (12.14±0.05 g) and control (9.57&p...
Pukhtoon Yar1*, Salman Khan2, Du Ying1 and Muhammad Israr3
... Over the last several decades the country’s agriculture sector has severely been affected, and the crisis in energy might be the prime reason responsible for this downfall. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, a comprehensive literature survey has been conducted. Scores of problems have been identified that has greatly affected the agriculture sector such as water deficiency, climate changes, long duration load shedding, traditional farming ...
Shakeel Ahmad1, Muhammad Israr2*, Muhammad Amin3, Muhammad Sadiq Hashmi4, Nafees Ahmad5 and Rasheed Ahmad6
Hina Afzal*, Sarfraz Hassan, Muhammad Khalid Bashir and Asghar Ali
...tor was higher in this decade. Comparison between the TFP with other sectors like industrial and services, having 1.51%, 4.01% and 4.12%. TFP has been lowest in the agriculture sector as compared to other sectors as per findings of the study. As a result, effective policies are needed to enhance agriculture total factor productivity growth by the government. The farmers’ level of education makes a significant contribution to TFP development. It is conclu...
Aamer Abbas1, Jabbar Khan1*, Mir Abid Hassan2, Asif Qayyum3 and Hamed Shafiq4
...ghest means values while cadmium was recorded with lowest concentrations. On comparing severe oligozoospermia with mild/moderate oligozoospermic patients with respect to semen analysis, it was observed that head, mid-piece and tail defects were comparatively much higher in severe oligozoospermic individuals than mild/moderate individuals. Similarly, the movement of sperms, either lateral or forward movement was observed much lesser in severe forms of oligozoos...
Wenjuan Yan1, Qunlan Zhou2, Bo Liu2,3*, Cunxin Sun2, Huimin Zhang3 and Changyou Song2
...e effects of Isaria cicadae Miquel (I. cicadae) on growth performance and meat quality of giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii). The prawns were fed with five isonitrogenous (40.54% crude protein) and isolipid (6.16% crude lipid) diets with different I. cicadae levels (0, 100, 200, 400, and 800 mg Kg-1). Results revealed that I. ci
Muhammad Jan1*, Muhammad Ashraf Sumrah1, Shoaib Akhtar1, Inam Ul Haq2, Muhammad Ramzan Anser1 and Iqra Yasmin1
...ed from a previous one decade. Farmers have a lack of trend for fertilizer application to Olive orchards in a proper dose. Olive intensification for new orchard enhanced fertilizer use especially Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P) and Potassium (K) and in micronutrients especially Boron (B) to control alternate bearing of olive. In Pakistan, olive plantation is an initiative to minimize the Olive import, and to maximize olive plantation in Pothwar area as well as co...
Sajid Abdullah1*, Huma Naz2*, Zunera Abbas1, Uzma Nazir1, Mehrunisa Basharat1, Tanveer Ahmed3, Adnan Ahmad Qazi2
... (Pb), chromium (Cr) and cadmium (Cd) on nuclear abnormalities in peripheral erythrocytes of Wallago attu were assessed by micronucleus assay. Fish were exposed to different concentrations (1/3rd, 1/4th, 1/5thand 1/7th of LC50) of Pb, Cr and Cd, separately, for three weeks. Blood sample of fish was collected to see the micronuclei (MN) and deshape nuclei (DN) in peripheral erythrocytes of fish after one-week interval. Fish W. attu showed significant induction ...
Khaliq Dad1, Muhammad Nawaz2*, Muhamamd Ibrahim3, Fengliang Zhao4, Rumsha Hassan2, Humaira Nawaz5, Muhammad Usman Saleem6, Kinat Javed2, Ayesha Komal2 and Hajra Naz2
...h. Humans are exposed to cadmium through food, water intake, inhalation (cigarette) and dermal contact which then produces heart disease, kidney failure, lung cancer, orthopedic disease, nervous system failure, low immunity level, mental retardation and growth retardation. Different environmental friendly and low cost biological remedies are used nowadays to control Cd toxicity such as phytoremediation phytostabilisation, rhizofilteration, phytoextraction. Thi...
Weihao Chen1, 2, Zhilong Tian1, Lin Ma1, Shangquan Gan3, Wei Sun2, 4* and Mingxing Chu1*
...e="font-size: small;">Circadian rhythm is a biological rhythm that is related closely to the rhythmic expression of a series of clock genes. A number of studies have revealed the role of circadian rhythms in the estrous mode of mammals. In the present study, the expression patterns of six canonical clock genes (Clock, BMAL1, Cry1, Cry2, Per1 and Per2) were analyzed in year-round estrous rams (Small Tail Han she...
Noha M. El-Shabrawy1, Atef M. Kamel2, Aza S. Goda1, Gehad R. Donia1, Ahmed M. Salah-Eldein2*
...centration of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn) in their muscle, liver, kidney and feather. Also, 16 water samples were collected to assess the level of heavy metals pollution in the study area. The result revealed that the kidney is the most tissue burdens the highest concentration of heaviest metals among the examined tissues. Egyptian barn swallow and house sparrow have a great tendency to accumulate heavy metals in their ti...
Rehman Shahzad1, Saba Irshad1* and Faisal Amin2
...ulation since last two decades in poultry industry of Pakistan. This virus is causing huge economic loss every year due to poor weight gain, drop in egg production and mortality of birds since first reported in 1998. Influenza viral surface protein neuraminidase enhances both virus replication and its release from host cells. In this study we isolated nineteen H9N2 viruses from infected birds of various farms from Punjab, Pakistan. Neuraminidase gene of these ...
Rehman Shahzad1, Saba Irshad1*, Malik Saddique Mehmood1 and Faisal Amin2
...ulation since last two decades in poultry flocks of Pakistan. It is causing immense economic losses to the farmers. Avian influenza H9N2 virus were isolated from infected birds of different poultry farms in the Province of Punjab, Pakistan. Segment eight gene of the virus was amplified using RT-PCR and sequenced to analyze mutations in this viral segment. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed sequences from 2015 to 2017 form a single evolving clade. Valdar residue...
Amjad Ali Channa1, Mansoor Tariq1*, Zaheer Ahmed Nizamani1, Nazeer Hussain Kalhoro2
...y zoonotic. Since last decade the outbreaks of AIVs have been increased globally including Pakistan. Therefore this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of avian influenza H5, H7 and H9 viruses in broilers at Karachi, Pakistan. A total of 1920 samples, including each of 960 blood samples and tracheal swabs were collected from broilers and tested through hemagglutination inhibition (HI), AIV-ELISA and RT-PCR. The HI test revealed a significant (P<...
Yongjie Xue1, Jinling Yan1, Huifeng Zhao1*, Haijing Zheng2 and Changhai Ma1
...rs a common question in academia, political circles, and business circles from the perspective of animal husbandry, namely, what kind of international relations are appropriate? The stable development of animal husbandry and the win-win result of openness may be two contradictory concepts in some cases. Therefore, a country’s open-door policy should be considered in the same manner as the issue of national security. This study explores how China’s ...
Riaz Shah1*, Shaikha Hilal Al Ismaili2, Sheikha S. Al-Siaby1, Amal Mohammed Al Nasiri2, Thuraiya Hafidh Al Maskari2, Jamal AlSabahi3 and Huda Al-Ruqaishi3
...amma;-muurolene, δ-cadinene and δ-cadinol were found in all samples. These 14 stable compounds could be considered as chemical markers for basil. The different regions seem to have different yield/composition....
Zulu Blantina Fangele, Tyasi Thobela Louis, Gunya Busisiwe*
...f Africa over the past decade. The use of citric acid has higher economic potential owing to its numerous applications to chickens. This article critically reviews a detailed understanding of the description, advantages and limitations of using citric acid on indigenous chicken. Several studies have been conducted on the nutritional requirements of local chickens, but the results were inconclusive and contradictory. This review concludes that indigenous chicke...
Palwasha1, Siraj-ud-Din1 and Muhammad Fahim2*
... decline over the past decade. Peach growers were mostly owners in Swat and Chitral districts whereas in grower in rest of the districts were tenants (60-75%). Highest literacy rate was observed in Swat District, (high school/matriculates 55%), while illiteracy rate was highest in district Chitral (72%). We believe that along with lack of proper education, know how about the technology and its use in peach production, growing of decad<...
Abdul Wadood Khan1, Sabahat Subhan1*, Asif Ali Abro2 and Riaz Shahid3
...nd 2.46%. During these decades, the TFP growth contributed around (33, 53 and 81%) to agriculture productivity. The analysis of TFP of the agriculture sector shows a significant variation in the TFP growth, due to climate change patterns, public interference, and macroeconomics strategies. The study recommends a dire need to increase capital stock, skilled labour, and cultivated land to boost and enhance agriculture growth as these are the key factors for the ...
Yaruq Jabeen1, Nida Ansari1, Haroon Rasheed1, Muhammad Asif Rasheed1,*, Muhammad Awais2, Muhammad Ibrahim1, Sumaira Kanwal1, Aqsa Khalid3, Manzoor Ahmad Zahid4 and Farrukh Jamil1,*
...has been widely used by academia for molecular docking. This tool performs docking of a ligand into a protein by seven steps. For docking analysis of several ligands, AutoDock Vina is a time-consuming tool. In order to make AutoDock Vina more efficient and smart way, a platform has been developed in this study. It is designated “Let’s Dock”. By using this platform, we can perform a docking analysis of several ligands into a protein with AutoD...
Honnakerappa S. Ballari1 and Shashikant S. Udikeri2*
...f these molecules over decades. Raichur populations comprehend high level of resistance to Pyrethroids with LC 50 121.63 ppm to cypermenthrin which indicated 23.21fold of resistance with respect to a laboratory susceptible strain. Similarly, there was 24.95 folds of resistance to deltamethrin in same population with LC 50 128.47 ppm. Among organophosphates a high level of resistance was recorded against monochrotophos with LC50 160.94 ppm and 18.23 resistance ...
Waqar Khan1, Muhammad Atif Khan1, Waseem Abbas1, Muhammad Shakeel1, Hammad Uddin2 and Bismillah Shah1*
Masudul Haq Wani and Arshad Bhat*
...l increase during last decade. Keeping the production potential of production system module of saffron in consideration an ex-ante, ex-post and propensity score matching evaluation of the developed module was undertaken.
...
Weidong Huang1,2,3, Xinyue Liang1,2,3, Xiufeng Xie4, Xingmin Wang2, 3 and Xiaosheng Chen1,2,3*
Abdul Majeed1, Zhenlin Liang2, Lixin Zhu2, Chunli Liu2, Muhsan Ali Kalhoro1,* and Faisal Saeed1
... yellowtail fish/shrimp scad, belonging to Carangidae family widely spread in tropical waters. A. djedaba is commercially important fish species from northern Arabian Sea, Pakistani waters. Present study was conducted on stock status of shrimp scad A. djedaba fishery from Balochistan coast, Pakistan. The data was collected from March 2019 to February 2020, and a total of 1,027 pairs of length-weight and length-frequency data...
Asaad A. Fares1*, Mohamed M. Ghanem2, Yasein M. Abd El-Raof2, Hossam M. El-Attar2, Ameer A. Megahed2, Heba M. El-Khaiat2
Ida Bagus Oka Winaya1*, Anak Agung Ayu Mirah Adi1, Putu Henrywaesa Sudipa2, I Gusti Ketut Suarjana2
...sis. The samples were 35 cadaver of post weaning piglets that showed muscle spasm and swollen joint at several villages in Badung Regency, Indonesia. Samples of the brain and synovial tissue were processed using hematoxylin-eosin dyes (HE). On histopathological examination, congestion, edema, mild infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages in the meningen, and ischemic neuronal pyknosis were found in the brain. In the synovial tissue, there is a heavy infiltr...
Samia Azad1, Iram Liaqat1*, Riffat Iqbal1 and Uzma Rafi2
...ntrations of heavy metal cadmium (Cd). CdCl2 was used as cadmium (heavy metal) source. Five concentrations of CdCl2 (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 ppm of Cd) were tested in glass aquaria having 35 Rohu fingerlings in each. After exposure for six week, sections of intestine, kidney and liver were excised and studied histologically. Results revealed variation in histological changes from mild to severe depending on concentration ...
Noor Muhammad Khan1,2, Tariq Mahmood Khalil1,3*, Rashid Rehan2 and Iftikhar Zeb4
Samina Malik1, Tahira Jabeen Ursani1, Naheed Mehmood Soomro1, Naeem Tarique Narejo2, Jawaid Ahmed Khokhar1* and Asif Soomro1
...justify;">Feeding and circadian behavior of spiders occurring in two agricultural districts of Sindh, Pakistan were investigated over a four-year period from 2015-2018. Sample size was 2808 specimens which were arranged into 25 species, 15 genera and ten spider families. After analyzing the data from growing to harvesting of sugarcane, two spider guilds were identified on the basis of feeding and circadian behavior. Assembla...
Zunaira Fatima Syeda1*, Ahafaque Ahmad Shah2, Farrah Deeba3 and Farheen Malik1
Juweria Abid1, Hooria Latif2, Amir Sohail2, Saroosh Fatima Tahir Syed2, Shakeel Ahmad3, Tooba Asif4 and Muhammad Farooq5*
...ss from educational and academic pressure which makes them susceptible to extreme malnourishment. The sample consisted of 450 university students aged 20 to 25 years. It was observed that majority of the students were day-scholars (59.8%) due to which their daily eating routine was normal i.e. three meals per day and BMI ranges were found to be normal (18.5 to 25 kg/m2) in most of subjects which show no prominent presence of any eating disorder. But some minor...
Dalia M. Aboelhassan1*, Inas S. Ghaly1, Noha E. Ibrahim2, Nermeen M. Shaffie3, Mariam G. Eshak1, Aboelfetoh M. Abdallah4, Ibrahim M. Farag1
... justify;">In the last decade, bisphenol A (BPA) has received heightened attention because of its ubiquitous presence in our living environment. However, it was revealed that this component has potent genotoxicity, causing various disorders to human and animal health. Hence, the present work is designed to investigate the capacity of Fagonia cretica extract (FCE) to inhibit bisphenol A-induced genotoxicity and histopathology in rats. In the genetic study, the ...
Masudul Haq Wani and Arshad Bhat*
...level. During last two decades, developed districts based on per capita income such as Srinagar and Jammu have shown low growth in urban population. The study make a sound point that in the UT the up rise in urban population was not observed in old cities like Jammu and Srinagar but the less advanced districts like Kupwara, Kargil and Leh. The study further reveals that as income rises, expenditure on fruits, milk and milk-product, meat, eggs and fish increase...
Hazem E. M. Hassanien1*, Awad M. M. Mahmoud2, Elsayed M. Abdel-Raouf1, Nabil M. Eweedah1 and Midhat. N. Nassif3
Tarek A. Wrshana1, Yousry A. Dowidar1, Bahgat A. El-Fiky2, Ali M. El-Rify1, Walaa A. El-Sayed3, Basem M. Ahmed4*
...g used for more than 7 decades, the disease is still a major challenge for poultry industry both locally and internationally. ND frequently emerges in highly vaccinated flocks causing high economic losses without specific treatment. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a group of pluripotent cells with multiple biotechnology applications, including but not limited to tissue genesis, tissue repair, hematopoiesis, and immune modulation. Therapeutic strategies based...
Muhammad Halim Natsir*, Osfar Sjofjan, Yuli Frita Nuningtyas, Danung Nur Adli, Lizar Basnelda, Dimas Frisky Apriyanto, Wahyu Tri Utami
...tain clerodendrum and avocado seed flour enhanced with nanotechnology on growth performance, intestinal profile, and microbial population of Lohman chickens. A total 256 Lohmann chicken were used on the experimental diets. The Fountain clerodendrum and avocado seed flour were enhanced with nanotechnology 500 mm. The two-way nested Anova with eight treatments and four replication was employed, with each experimental unit cons...
Hasnain Raza1*, Tanveer-ul-Haq1, Muhammad Imran1, Nabeel Ahmad Ikram2 and Muhammad Bilal Shoukat1
...y metals (HMs) including cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), nickle (Ni), and zinc (Zn), along with basic physicochemical parameters including biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total solids (TS), total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), sodium (Na), calcium (Ca), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), residual sodium carbonates (RSC), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), carbonates (CO3), and bicarbonat...
Andy1,4*, Ratmawati Malaka2, Sri Purwanti3, Hikmah M Ali2, Tutik Lusyta Aulyani4, Danung Nur Adli5
...del using SAS Demand on Academics, least significant differences were applied if there are significance. The result showed that using encapsulation of liquid smoke was significantly difference (p < 0.05) on the body weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), crypt depth, and reduce total population of Escherichia coli in the intestinal. To sum up, using liquid smoke encapsulation successfully increasing villus height and reduce feed conversion ratio without ...
Chanathip Thammakarn1*, Sawanya Umphonphison1, Paitoon Kaewhom2, Kanokrat Srikijkasemwat1
...ibody report since two decades of PCV2 vaccines was applied in Thailand. The results proved that high prevalence of PCV2 immunity was established, with the most population had antibody titer fall in low positive, while some of viremic pigs still presented, determined that the routine vaccination programs used in farms can control PCV2 efficiently since continuing vaccination.
Keywords | Antibody, ORF2 gene, PCV2, Prevalence, Thailand
...
Hashem Saeed Murad1*, Salah Jassem Amin2, Rawa’a Muhammad Al-Chalabi3, Mahmood Khalaf Wasmi4 and Sundus Salim5
...ge, gender, upbringing, academic qualification, specialization, duration of service in agricultural extension, training courses, and the use of information sources in the Domain of climate change). The research population included 73 employees of the Directorate of Extension of Duhok. The designed questionnaire was consisted of two parts, first one included the personal, vocational, and communication variables of the respondents, and the second part included a...
Sumreen Begum, Atta-ur-Rahman and Asmat Salim*
Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi1*, Mariam Temitope Baker2 and Gabriel Ademola Olatunji2
...l octanoate; 9, 12-octadecadienoic acid methyl ester; dodecanoic acid; octadecanoic acid methyl ester; decanoic acid; octadecanoic acid ethyl ester and tetradecanoic acid as the major components while the infra red spectral diagnostic signals agree with the expected vibrational frequencies corresponding to C-H and carbonyl C=O functional groups of fatty acid and esters. Jew’s mallow plants infected with Meloidogyne incognita on the field were treated wit...
A. M. Rahoo1, 2, †, T. Mukhtar3, B. A. Bughio4, S. R. Gowen1 and R. K. Rahoo5
...emergence of IJ from the cadavers for both the methods were found to be non-significant.
...
A. S. A. Saad1, M. A. Radwan2†, H. A. Mesbah1, H. S. Ibrahim3 and M. S. Khalil3
...gant nematicides namely, cadusafos, ethoprophos, fenamiphos, fosthiazate and
oxamyl for managing the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita in tomatoes based on number of galls per
root system, number of egg-masses, eggs per egg-mass and number of juveniles (J2) in the soil as well as plant
growth characteristics. All nematicidal treatments reduced the incidence of root-knot nematodes when compared
D. A. Darban†, S. R. Gowen and B. Pembroke
...nica
females cadavers filled with of P. penetrans endospores, release and dispersal in the soil. Three time intervals, of
one week, two weeks and three weeks were allowed to observe the degradation of infected female cadavers and the
dispersal of released endospores. The hypothesis of this experiment was that, the spores of P. penetrans contained in
M. javanica females that hav...
A. M. Rahoo1,2,†, T. Mukhtar3, S. R. Gowen2, B. Pembroke2 and M. A. Rahu4
...cted Galleria mellonella cadavers in
moist and dry conditions. A significantly high number of infective juveniles of S. feltiae emerged in moist
conditions as compared to dry. A positive correlation was found between the weight of the Galleria
larvae at infection and the numbers of IJ recovered in the moist as compared with dry conditions.
...
A. M. Rahoo1,*, †, T. Mukhtar2, S. I. Abro3, S. R. Gowen1 and B. A. Bughio4
...cted Galleria mellonella cadavers was monitored under moist and dry
conditions at 5 and 10oC. Greater numbers of IJs of S. feltiae recovered from G. mellonella cadavers kept at 10oC
than from those kept at 5oC. Likewise, significantly greater number of infective juveniles emerged in moist
conditions as compared to dry. The relationship between both the temperatures and wet and dry conditio...
D.A. Darban†, S.R. Gowen, B. Pembroke, F. Hussain1 and R.A. Memon2
... to be released from the cadavers into the soil. Regression analysis was
carried out to compare the degradation of P. penetrans infected females cadavers in different time intervals over two
crop cycles. There were highly significant decreases in the total number of egg-masses per plant between the 3
weeks and other treatments. Infected females (%) over both cr...
Lulu Ding, Ke Wang, Ruxue Huang, Wenjing Yu, Bingzhao Yan, Mengli Jiang and Jicang Wang*
...s of naringenin (Nar) on cadmium (Cd)-induced changes in blood physiological and biochemical indices and kidney damage among rats were studied. Twenty-four male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, Cd-treated group (1 mg/kg b.w. CdCl2), Nar-treated group (100 mg/kg b.w.), and Cd + Nar-treated group (1 mg/kg b.w. CdCl2 + 100 mg/kg b.w. Nar). They were treated for 4 weeks, and then the blood physiological and biochemic...
Ghulam Jelani1, Qudratullah Kalwar1*, Asmatullah Kaka2, Abdullah Channo2, Ayyaz Ahmed1, Majid Hussain Soomro1, Hidayatullah Soomro1, Deepesh Kumar Bhuptani1 and Yar Muhammad Jalbani1
...n: justify;">In recent decades, many significant improvements have taken place accompanying different assisted reproductive biotechnologies like estrous synchronization, artificial insemination, superovulation, cloning, embryo recovery and its transfer, in vitro fertilization, cryopreservation and transgenesis. Among these technologies, embryo transfer has achieved a great importance having produced numerous offspring from a genetically superior female. After ...
Rinat Islamov*, Dinara Turegeldieva, Altyn Rysbekova, Kuralay Sarmantayeva, Victor Semenuyk
...m some universities and academic institutes in Almaty city, Kazakhstan. This is the first time that such work, involving several institutes, has been carried out. To do this, several pathogenic bacteria and viruses from the Federation of European Laboratory Animal Science Associations (FELASA) were selected. The main methods of testing biological samples from laboratory mice and rats were realtime polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay...
Saleh Aljubran, Shaker Al-Suwaiegh, Yousef Alyousef, Sulaiman Alhajri, Mohammed Alghareeb, Abd El-Nasser Ahmed Mohammed*
...ing the past couple of decades. The ARTs include several techniques including artificial insemination, in vitro embryo production, oestrous synchronization, superovulation, embryo transfer, germ cells or embryos’ micromanipulation, sperm sexing, cryopreservation of ovarian tissues and germ cells and embryos, and genome resource banking for mammalian species. Such biotechnologies allow more offspring to be obtained from selected parents to increase milk a...
Rafik Soliman1, Neven Waheeb2, Essam Nasr2, Mahmoud El-Hariri1, Heidy Abo-Elyazeed1, Hassan Aboul-Ella1*
...t through the past two decades as a rapid, accurate, and easy-to-be-used and interpreted diagnostic kit as well as to be a competitive alternative to the conventionally established expert-dependent techniques. The current work’s main objective is to evaluate the reliability of two widely distributed rapid kits for as a suitable substitution for the gold standard bovine tuberculosis diagnostic techniques. IQRT Anigen Rapid Bovine TB Ab kit and Ubio quick ...
Aulia Puspita Anugra Yekti1, Sri Rahayu3, Gatot Ciptadi2, Trinil Susilawati2*
...del using SAS Demand on Academics, and the least significant differences were applied if there is significance. The result showed that semen quality, including individual motility, viability, abnormality, concentration, and total motile spermatozoa in sexed semen, is lower than in unsexed semen. In addition, the sexed semen had a lower percentage of intact acrosome hood and higher chromatin damage, acrosome reactions, and sperm capacitation than unsexed semen....
Roni Pazla1, Novirman Jamarun1*, Elihasridas1, Arief1, Gusri Yanti2, Zaitul Ikhlas2
... Kacang goat rations. Avocado waste to optimize rumen bioprocessing. This research aimed to obtain good performance from Kacang goats through appropriate ration formulation based on fermented forage (sugarcane shoots and tithonia) with avocado waste. This formulation is expected to minimize the use of concentrate in the ration. This study used 16 male Kacang goats aged one year, which consisted of four groups based on body w...
Muhammad Afzal1,3*, Shafqat Saeed1, Hasan Riaz1, Muhammad Ishtiaq1, M. Habib ur Rahman2
...n crop of the last two decades in Pakistan. Alternate host plants belonged to vegetables, weeds, and mixed farming practices helped the evolution of new viral and whitefly species. The CLCuD develops resistant cultivars against CLCuV and screening of new host resistance forms. Applications of DNA markers to induce resistance into the cultivars and editing of genome are some of the good practices contributing to suppress this disease. The study is helpful in un...
M. A. Radwan†, S. A. A. Farrag, M. M. Abu-Elamayem and N. S. Ahmed
...ular nematicides namely, cadusafos, carbofuran, ethoprop, fosthiazate and oxamyl were assessed against the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita on tomato based o...
Ghulam Jelani1, Muhammad Haris Raza Farhan2, Rida Asrar3, Muhammad Ahmad1,4*, Chanda Naseem5, Zafar Ali Khoso6, Majid Hussain Soomro7*
...lence rate in the last decade and thus established itself as a disease of the major economic importance of the poultry industry. The eradication of this contagious disease remains a challenge to the poultry industry that can be transmitted from infected birds to healthy ones by respiratory routes. The lack of proper isolation and diagnostic methods as well as improper use of antimicrobial therapy causes the treatment failure. Different types of antibiotics are...
Heavy metals (HMs) are harmful and lethal at negligible levels and non-biodegradable in the typical ecosystem and constitutes animal, human and environmental hazards. They are divided into toxic metals like Lead, Cadmium, Arsenic, etc. and essential elements like copper, zinc, manganese, iron, nickel and chromium. Additionally, could be categorized into two groups based on the natural and anthropogenic sources releasing origins. Population and industrial expansion led to food contamination with HMs. Poisonous metals can be transferred from irrigation water to agricultural soils, agricultural operations, air pollution, animal feed, and packaging materials. Toxic metals are non-biodegradable, non-thermos degradable, and exceedingly stable in the ecosystem; as a result, they quickly build in various foods. Metal pollution of many foods, including agricultural commodities, and animal protein sources such as fish, milk, meat, and eggs, poses a hazard to food safety and security. Toxic metal pollution of irrigation water, agricultural soils, plants, and animals result in their integration into the food chain, posing a health hazard to humans. Most metals are harmful to animals and humans and accumulate in several organs like the skeleton, hepatic tissue, spleen, and renal tissues. Metals have a deleterious impact on the production of plants and animals. As a result, several remediation strategies have become necessary to limit the hazardous HMs pathway into the food chain and the human body. Metal nanoparticles are employed in beneficial applications, although they are associated with specific hazards.
Keywords | Food contamination, Heavy metals, Nanoparticles, Pollution sources, Remedy, Soil contamination
Roy Malindo1, Anuraga Jayanegara2, Osfar Sjofjan3, Siti Chuzaemi3*
... using SAS OnDemand for Academics (ODA, Cary, NC, USA). The results indicated that the average dry matter supply was 49.6% of the cattle requirements, with 21.8% derived from forage and 27.8% from concentrate. The average daily gain was 0.4 kg/head/d, with males gaining 0.4 kg/head/d and females 0.3 kg/head/d. Based on age, the average daily gain of calves, young, and adults was 0.4, 0.3, and 0.4 kg/head/d, respectively. The dry matter supply in 2019, 2020, an...
Ahmad Noor and Malik Muhammad Shafi*
...ischarge over the last decade and investigating the climate change impact on groundwater table. A total of 285 households with groundwater pumping facilities were selected for study within six villages; Kiridhand, Jangerizi Banda, Yaghi Musakan, Hassan Banda, Takht Nasrati and Garang. Data were collected through questionnaires, while secondary data was from different climate and weather reports. Binary Logistic model was used for analysis. The study discovered...
Trinil Susilawati1*, Aulia Puspita Anugra Yekti1, Amir Firdaus2, Dinda Ayu Damayanti2, Rizki Prafitri1, Nanang Febrianto1, Kuswati1, Achadiah Rachmawati1, Sri Wahjuningsih1, Nurul Isnaini1
... using SAS OnDemand for Academics (ODA, Cary, NC, USA). Moreover, probability values were calculated using the least significant different testing. The results showed that NRR-1 was 83.75% and 85%, while NRR-2 was 62.5% and 68.75% on T1 and T2, respectively. Furthermore, the failure of AI was mainly caused by repeat breeders, which were 28.75% on T1 and T2. It consists of 95.65% and 87.5% of normal ovaries, Corpus luteum persistent at 4.35% and 8.34%, and ovar...
Desi Kurniati Agustina1,3, Suyadi Suyadi2*, Veronica Margaretha Ani Nugiartiningsih2, Kuswati Kuswati2
...M) using SAS studio for academics Online Edition. This study showed the Haematological profile and leucocyte differentiation of male and female Madura cattle of different ages were generally similar to their crossbred Limura cattle and within the normal range. In conclusion, Madura cattle tend to be more adaptive or responsive to various exposure factors as indicated by higher erythrocyte and leucocyte counts than their crossbred counterparts Limura cattle.&nb...
Roy Malindo1, Hosea Abdiel Duto Wicaksono2, Maskur2, Anuraga Jayanegara3, Osfar Sjofjan4, Siti Chuzaemi4*
...analysed using Powersim Academic version 10. The dynamic modelling consisted of three sub-models, i.e., cattle population, forage production, and concentrate supplementation. The model predicted that the level of feed supply would increase as forage production was increased the cattle population was reduced and although concentrate supplementation was decreased. The simulations of three scenarios revealed that a combination of scenarios across the cattle-forag...
Yakun Ge
...he expression level of E-cadherin mRNA in the combined treatment group increased (P<0.05), and the expression levels of N-cadherin and vimentin decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the apoptosis rate of the combined treatment group increased (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the expression levels of Bax, caspase-3 and caspase-9 were higher in the combined treatment group (P<0.05), and the...
Chen Zhao, Lulu Ding, Ying Ye, Congying Kou, Haoran Xiao, Jing Zhu and Jicang Wang*
Hari Prashad Joshi, Kuaanan Techato, Khamphe Phoungthong* and Keshav Raj Panthee
...n area in the last two decades....
Frequency of Non-Motor Clinical Features of Parkinson Disease and the Associated Factors in Pakistan
Jaiperkash Moolchandani1*, Geeta Moolchandani2, Syed Mohsin Turab3, Nasima Iqbal4, Ambreen Rehman5 and Shaima Sultana Memon6
... who were in their 6th decade of life. Likewise, male patients were much more affected with non-motor symptoms than females- but non-significantly. No any major difference was noted in frequency of non-motor symptoms of Parkinsonism between the rural and urban area patients. It was noted that anxiety decreased, insomnia increased while depression remained same with the decreasing duration of the disease but the results were non-significant. Lesser the mini men...
Fatimah A. Al-Saeed
...th problems since past decades until now. The present study might be the first trial to examine the effects of olive (Olea oleaster) leaves extract on male rats exposed to Cd (15 mg/kg body weight (b.w.). The male rats were randomly assigned to four groups. The first group served as control (CTL) that orally administered saline solution. The second group was exposed to Cd in a dose of 15 mg/kg b.w. The third group was treated with olive leaves extract (600 mg/...
Razia Sultana1, Shinawar Waseem Ali1*, Ghulam Murtaza2 and Shahid Mahmood2
... of its consumers. For decades yogurt has been prepared traditionally by the method of back-slopping. Recently, it is also prepared commercially by using bacteria in different combinations. In this study, we aimed to detect and identify bacteria present in locally processed yogurt using the advanced next-generation sequencing (NGS) method. Yogurt samples were collected from open-air shops located in different areas of Pakistan. All yogurt samples were mixed to...
Zhipeng Song1,2, Jialiang Xin1,3, Xiaoli Wei1,2, Abula Zulipiya1,3, Kadier Kedireya1,2 and Xinmin Mao1,3*
...egulating the level of E-cadherin, an epithelial marker. Molecular docking results showed that marein could integrate with VEGFA, PI3K and SYK, and the resulting conjugate was more potent than the positive drug metformin. Among the above factors, the combination effect of SYK and marein was the most ideal. To conclude marein can improve glucose and lipid metabolism disorders in db/db mice after a treatment period, so it has positive significance for the preven...
Weidong Liu, Jiashen Tian, Zhen Wang, Zhongren Kong, Jiabo Han and Zhichuang Lu*
...potted seals in recent decades have been valuable, and should persist in the future....
IRAM MUJAHID IQBAL1*, ASAD SHABBIR1, 2, KANZA SHABBIR1, MAHAM NAVEED1, FAREIHA UROOJ1,
AQSA BUTT1, RAEES KHAN3, NIDHAN SINGH4 & FIRDAUS-E-BAREEN1
...n botanical gardens and academic
institutions play an important role in scientific research, education, and
conservation. The University of the Punjab (PU) is one of the oldest and
largest seat of higher education learning in Pakistan with its two main
academic campuses located in the city of Lahore. Besides several oncampus
plantations, PU has a dedicated botanical...
Saad Ibrahim Al-Sultan1, Mariam H.E. Khedr2, Ahmed S. Abdelaziz3, Mostafa M. Abdelhafeez4, Tamer Mohamed Gad5, Sabry Mohamed El-Bahr6,7*, Sherief Abdel-Raheem1,8 and Hesham A. Khalifa3
...etals such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and mercury (Hg) are of no-known physiological importance. The objectives of the present study were to quantitatively estimate the residual levels of Pb, Cd, As, and Hg in camel meat and edible offal including round, liver, kidney, and tongue in samples collected from Zagazig slaughterhouse, Egypt and Al-Ahsa slaughterhouse, Saudi Arabia. Dietary intakes and potential health risks associated with the consump...
Siddique Ahmad1*, Basit Ullah1, Sajid Ali2, Ali Zaid1, Zeeshan Ahmad3, Muhammad Usaid1, Muhammad Zeeshan1 and Saif Ullah3
...tional agriculture for decades, as they are major staple food crops. Crop nutrients major sources are organic, inorganic and bio-fertilizers. Supplementation of beneficial microbes with organic and inorganic fertilizers is a feasible technology to improve wheat productivity. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of organic sources (OS) and inorganic N fertilizer (Urea) along with the application of bio-aab (beneficial microbes) on the wheat c...
Nurul Isnaini*, Dedes Amertaningtyas, Hanief Eko Sulistyo, Aulia Puspita Anugra Yekti, Faizal Andri
...M) using SAS studio for academics Online Edition (https://odamid-apse1.oda.sas.com/SASStudio/). Comparing two results, it can be seen that the different enriched media gave gradually significant differences (p < 0.05) in the egg weight, number of eggs of BSF success to hatch, hatchability, length, width, and number of change becoming flies at period shown. Conclusively it has been shown that the different enriched media gave positive effect until 75% replac...
Lu Yang1,2*, Ke Zhang3 and Jin-Hui Wang1,2,4
...justify;">Periostracum Cicadae is the cast-off shell of the cicada Cryptotympana pustulata Fabricius, it is a widely used animal based traditional folk medicine, it is found to have many effects including antipyretic, antiallergic and antioxidant activities. In this study, ten N-acetyldopamine dimers, named Cicadamide C1–C10 (compounds 1–10), were isolated from Periostracum Ci<...
Hafsa Saeed, Soumble Zulfiqar, Abeedha Tu-Allah Khan and Abdul Rauf Shakoori*
...s such as zinc, lead and cadmium, at high concentrations, are toxic to microorganisms. A chromosomally encoded znt operon plays an important role in multi-metal resistance in some members of Enterobacteriaceae. However, its role has not yet been explored in K. pneumoniae. This study focused on molecular characterization of ZntR, a transcriptional regulator of znt operon. The minimum inhibitory concentration of zinc, lead and cad...
Muhammad Afzal1, Muhammad Ashraf Sumrah2*, Azhar Hussain2, Zoma Saleem2, Syed Hamza Mehfooz2 and Javeria Sherani3
...text-align: justify;">Avocado is a cash crop for orchard growers and fruit producers. It is famous for its dietary and economic benefits all over the world. Field experiences and literature reveals that avocado varieties behave differently in different locations. These studies were conducted for standardization of promising commercial variety of avocado for cultivation in Punjab. Avo
Milena Vlahovic*, Dragana Matic, Marija Mrdakovic, Larisa Ilijin, Anja Grcic, Aleksandra Filipovic, Jelica Lazarevic and Vesna Peric-Mataruga
...ially harmful effects of cadmium, we need to examine changes at all different levels of biological organization. The main goal of this study was to detect a possible change in the percentage of midgut mass relative to larval mass (PMM) and determine the plasticity of this trait and the correlations between midgut enzymes and PMM under stress conditions. Fourth-instar larvae were exposed to acute and chronic effects of two cad
Ho Thi Dung, Nguyen Van Chao, Nguyen Thi Hoa, Le Dinh Phung, Tran Thi Na, Nguyen Thi Thuy, Tran Nguyen Thao, Pham Hoang Son Hung*
... claudin 1, claudin 2, E-cadherin and ZO-1 expression (p>0.05). Overall, high temperature exposure upregulated claudins gene expression thus reduced intestinal integrity. This caused an increased inflammation and mucosal damage in the cecum of chickens. ...
Wang Teng1,2,3,4, Li Chunhou1,2,3,4, Liu Yong1,2,3,4* and Zhu Ren5*
...a. In the past several decade years, multiple pressures including overfishing, habitats destruction, pollution and eutrophication, and non-native species have seriously threaten the biodiversity of fish in the Beibu Gulf. However, the information about fish fauna in this region is very poorly which limiting the conservation of fish biodiversity and sustainability of the fishery. In this study, we calculated taxonomic features of fish in the Beibu Gulf based on...
Roheela Yasmeen1,3* , Faheem Hafeez1 , Umme Ammara1 , Rubab Younas1 , Sibtain Ahmad2 , Zulfiqar Ali3, Zaheer Ahmad Nasir4
Rabia Anjum
...ase which are amyloid cascade, tau and cholinergic hypothesis. Other than that age, family history, injury, high blood pressure and genetic may play an important role in the disease development. Current AD treatment are acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are easily accessible in the market to relief the AD primary symptoms but did not cure it. AD treatment needs a therapeutic approach to minimize its progression. This review focuses on the understanding of diseas...
Moazama Batool1*, Saima Naz2*, Ghulam Abbas3, Ahmad Manan Mustafa Chatha4, Mamoona Mahmood1, Asma Aziz1 and Fatima Yasmin2
... assess how heavy metal (cadmium chloride) affects the hematological and biochemical parameters in the Labeo rohita (Rohu: Hamilton, 1822). Freshwater fishes Labeo rohita, (n = 60), with body weight (70– 120 g), were randomly divided into four experimental groups Treatment T1, Treatment T2 and Treatment T3 (0.44mg/l, 0.89mg/l, and 1.34 mg/l), while the fourth group (T0) served as a control (0.00mg/l). Sampling was done on 7, 14 and 21- day. Results showe...
M. Imran Kasana, Rashid Iqbal Khan*, Noor Ullah Khan, M. Noman, Shahid Ali, Saima Mumtaz, Shamaila Rasheed and M. Qamar-Uz-Zaman
...text-align: justify;">Avocado being an energetic fruit owing to its high nutritional value has gained global popularity. Its global production has witnessed a two-fold increase in the last decade. This scenario has led a pressure on avocado nursery production. Generally, avocado has been propagated through seed production that led to variability among of...
Yaseen1, Asad Ullah2*, Imad Khan2, Maryam Begum3, Sumbal Bibi3, Umber3, Namra3, Abbas Khan4, Shumaila Gul5 and Raheela Taj6
...Pakistan over the last decades, which when reach the water bodies, adversely affect the rich biodiversity found in aquatic systems of Pakistan. This review discusses research over past decades regarding toxic effects of pesticides induced in edible freshwater fishes of Pakistan and future considerations....
Moazama Batool1*, Saima Naz2*, Sheeza Bano1, Sadia Nazir3, Ghulam Abbas4, Ahmad Manan Mustafa Chatha5, Maria Lateef2 and Fatima Yasmin2
...d (Pb), nickel (Ni), and cadmium (Cd) was assessed on two freshwater fish species, Catla catla and Labeo rohita, employing probit analysis. Over a period of 90 days, mortality served as the primary toxicity criterion. The experiments were conducted under consistent conditions of pH (7), temperature (28.00.00°C), and water hardness (198.00 mgL-1), with three replicates for each dosage in the tests. Significant variations were noted in the LC50 values and le...
Zaryab Murad1*, Sobia Bibi1, Shehr e Yar Ahmad1, Mohsin Ali Khan1, Rimsha Sadaf2, Mauz ul Haq1, Umair Manan1 and Muhammad Younas2
MUJIBUR RAHMAN1, MUHAMMAD AYAZ KHAN1*, WISAL SHAH1 & ALIA NAZ1
ASADULLAH KHAN1, MUHAMMAD AYAZ KHAN1, ALIA NAZ1, ABDULLAH KHAN1 & NAUREEN AURANGZEB1
ZAFAR IQBAL KHAN1, KAFEEL AHMAD1, HAREEM SAFDAR1, KINZA WAJID1, HUMAYUN BASHIR1, KHALID NAWAZ2, MAHPARA SHEHZADI3, IJAZ RASOOL NOORKA4, MUDASRA MUNIR1, IFRASALEEM MALIK1, ASMA ASHFAQ1, HIRA MUQADDAS5, HAFSA MEMOONA6, MADIHA SANA6, NAUNAIN MEHMOOD7, SAIF UR REHMAN8 & TASAWAR ABBAS8
...r). The concentration of cadmium in water, root and forage samples was determined. Moreover, bioconcentration factor, pollution load index, daily intake of metals and health risk index were calculated. In tap water Cd value was 0.54 mg/L and in sewage water, it was 0.56 mg/L. In soil the calculated Cd value was lower than USEPA standards. The maximum Cd in root was calculated in winter forages (1.15 mg/kg). The calculated value for Cd in leaves was higher than...
ASMA ZAFAR*, MONIBA KHAWAR, MAHNOOR CHAUDHRY, SAYYEDA SANA BATOOL, AMJAD HUSSAIN** & MUSHTAQ AHMAD SALEEM
1*AFIRA WAQAR, 2ADNAN RAUF, 3BUSHRA CHAUDHRY &4IKRAM-UL HAQ
...ogressed over the last decade into the most powerful tool for probing the complex human diseases. There are many different approaches for the identification of genetic risk factors of the complex diseases. New pharmacological therapies may get established by understanding the underpinning of biological genetic effects. We focus here on the applications and strategies that are currently best suitable for genetic studies which provide preliminary genetic informa...
Igor Ponjiger1, Milutin Kovacevic1*, Vladimir Markovic1, Zoran Ristic1 and Vukan Lavadinovic2
...cation during the last decades has dramatically changed the structure of the farmland landscape with an intensive impact on ecosystem stability. Changes in the production led to decreased habitat heterogeneity and to decline in biodiversity, including the European hare (Lepus europaeus), especially in the lowland regions. Even though European hare mostly adapted to intensive agricultural habitats, the population densities have decreased throughout Europe since...
Yanfei Cai1, Jiahong Feng1 and Wanlong Zhu1,2,3*
...besity in the past few decades has obtained only limited results. The discovery of the metabolic healthy obesity phenomenon brings a new direction for research of obesity problem, but the lack of an animal of metabolic healthy obesity limits its study. Tupaia belangeri is a new type of experimental animal emerging in recent years and is extremely widely used in various disease models because of its evolutionary status and high affinity with primates. Here, in ...
Shabnam Javed1, Amna Shoaib2 and Zaid Mehmood1
...v>
(2), 2,4-heptadecadienoic acid; ethyl ester (3), 2-butyl cyclopropane dodecanoic acid (4)
and heptadecanoic acid; ethyl ester (5). Further isolation and identification of active
constituents in S. tomentosa could confirm the discovery of novel plant drugs.
...
Fitrimawati*, James Hellyward
...rnment, private sector, academics and relationship institutions. The obtaining of data was analyzed using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. This research shows the leading commodities are competitiveness and priority to be developed in West Sumatera, especially such as the beef cattle, goats and also buffalo, laying hens, broilers, local chickens and ducks. The data obtained were analyzed using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. This resea...
Wei Li1, Xvming Qi2, Xueli Lu3, Li Yuan4 and Huaiqing Deng1*
...results show that the circadian cycle of adult females and the sex identification of juveniles in Hainan gibbons may be inferred from differences in fecal progesterone and testosterone levels....
Sumaira Fiaz1*, Huma Naz1*, Tanveer Ahmed2*, Iqra Zulfiqar1, Khalid Mehmood1, Muhammad Jabbar1, Syed Qaswar Ali Shah1, Muhammad Usman4
...d to evaluate effects of cadmium on the growth performance, liver histology and hepato-somatic index of Labeo rohita. The test was conducted in two phases. In the primary phase, the 96-hr LC50 and lethal concentration of water borne cadmium for fish L. rohita were determined as 12.38mgL-1 and 23.6mgL-1, respectively. In secondary phase, fish was subjected to sub-lethal (1/3rd of LC50) value of cad
Manahil Wahab1 and Anwar Ali2
...rted in the last three decades. Driving forces for adoption of farm forestry include inspiration from other farmers, self-initiatives and quick economic return. Majority of the respondents (72%) have planted trees for commercial purpose. The average number of trees per acre is 100. There has been a considerable increase in the number of trees on farmlands since 1990. The normal spacing between plants on the boundaries of field is 2-3 feet whereas in case of co...
Mamoona Wali Muhammad1, Hakim Shah1, Nowshad Khan2 and Mohd Zaki Hamzah3
...istan for almost three decades, but apparently there have not been any visible impacts. The paper is based on assessing the impacts of two participatory forest management (PFM) programs, implemented in north-eastern and north-western parts of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, on the forest resource development. The research was carried out in three Districts of Pakistan, viz. Muzaffarabad (AJK), Abbottabad and Mansehra in the areas where PFM programs namely In...
Maqsood Anwar1, Abdul Wahid Jasra2 and I. Ahmad3
...ing the last two-three decades, a number of animal and plant species have become threatened or endangered mainly due to over-exploitation and loss of natural habitat. Deforestation, overgrazing, soil erosion, salinity and water logging have become major threats to Pakistan's remaining biodiversity.
The Government of Pakistan being aware of the situation recognized the importance to protect country's environment and prepared the National Cons...
Shams-ur-Rehman, Altaf Hussain and Riaz A. Khattak
...
Sponsored by Chinese Academy of Forestry & APAFRI: Sep, 2003.
...
Syed Zainul Arifeen
...rises for the last two decades. Hydroelectricity is the main source of cheap energy in the country. However, due to alarming rate of degradation of the mountainous watersheds and sedimentation in the reservoirs, their capacity for water storage and electricity generation is decreasing rapidly. Keeping in view this critical situation, the Government has initiated schemes to control degradation of watersheds through afforestation and other technical soil conserv...
Ghulam Akbar
...iscussion for the last decade. Ecologists in various parts of the world have questioned the validity of earlier method of assessing range condition particularly the Ciementsian model based on plant succession and climax (Friedel, 1991, Laurenroth & Laycock, 1989). New thoughts are provoked on the way of this discussion and new ideas and approaches are emerging. The necessity of new ecological models was realized keeping in view the limitations of the successio...
G. A. Bajwa, R. Kehr and G. Zimmermann
...ith (Pfr 11) and P. cicadae (Miquel) Samson (Pc 3)
were tested in the laboratory for virulence on
Pityogenes chalcographus. 20 adults of P. chalcographus
contaminated with conidia by releasing on agar plates
for two minutes were reared on bark of Picea abies (4 x
4 cm). B. bassiana, M. anisopliae (Ma 3, Ma 6, Ma 43)
and P. fumosoroseus caused 100 percent mortality within
10 days, while in control and P. ci
Udo Schickhoff Dr.
...rred in the first two
decades of British rule from 1847 to 1867. The
protective influence of the Forest Department, founded
in 1864, considerably slowed down these transformation
processes. Up to the turn of the century the scenery of
the present-day cultural landscape has been created in
its basic patterns. In the twentieth century the
quantitative loss of forest cover is negligible. The
last decades are rather mark...
K. M. Siddiqui
...egards even after many decades of efforts. The
protective functions of the forests were recognized
for mountains, and sub-mountain regions only. In
some situations, especially in Indo-Pakistan sub-continent, effect of forests on general climate was
also considered to be important. The local people
living in the vicinity of forests however, hardly
mattered in forest management and they were
excluded from areas demarcated as state forests.
This produce...
K. M. Siddiqui
...egards even after many decades of efforts. The
protective functions of the forests were recognized
for mountains, and sub-mountain regions only. In
some situations, especially in Indo-Pakistan subcontinent, effect of forests on general climate was
also considered to be important. The local people
living in the vicinity of forests however, hardly
mattered in forest management and they were
excluded from areas demarcated as state forests.
This produc...
K. M. Siddiqui
...ratic over past many
decades. The current worldwide international
forest conservation assistance amounts to only US
$ 1.35 billion. The allocation of financial
resources to forestry sector by individual
governments and international agencies is also low.
The Food and Agricultural Organization of the
United Nations is responsible for forest
conservation and development all over the world
especially in the developing countries. It spends
only about ...
K. M. Siddiqui
...f diurnal, seasonal of decadal and/or of regional nature, such as hot summer droughts of
the 1980s in parts of Asia and Africa. Their affect was
similar in nature. Climate has also changed in the
distant past. Since the depth of the
little Ice agein 1700 A.D., the average temperature has risen by 1.5°C in northern Europe without any noticeable effect on forests. On the other hand, when 5°C warming occurred between 15,000 and 7000 year ago,...
K. M. Siddiqui
...uman welfare for
many decades. They tried to tell all those who would
listen, that forest have multiple benefits e.g. timber,
fuelwood, fodder, wildlife, water and recreation. Their
voice was truly one in the wilderness. They did not receive
any particular attention and political support for a long
time. The forestry problems were given a very low
priority in national and international development programmes especially in the developing countries. On...
Sardar Muhammad Sarwar Khan
... witnessed during last decade. In the beginning the cocoons production was
confined to boundary areas only. Later on policy was changed by introducing silkworm
rearing in the specified area of Kotli District. The results were very encouraging
therefore, the development of this cottage industry was extended to other parts of the
territory....
M.I.R. Khan
... about a little over a decade. Most of the afforestation work has been carried out and is being maintained with artificial drip irrigation utilizing the locally available brackish underground waters.
...
Abdul Aleem
... programme known to the academic community;
to establish a dialogue between natural and social scientists so that they
could jointly initiate activities pertaining to MAB;
to interest social scientists in MAB programme and ensure their participation;
and to take a first step towards nationally organising social science activities....
to establish a dialogue between natural and social scientists so that they
could jointly initiate activities pertaining to MAB;
to interest social scientists in MAB programme and ensure their participation;
and to take a first step towards nationally organising social science activities....
M. Hafeez and M. I. Sheikh
... in Pakistan about a decade back, emphasis was placed on only one clone viz. P. euramericana CV-I-214 due to its intrinsic qualities of almost cent per cent rooting and fast rate of growth. Subsequently, some deltoides clones were also imported which showed comparatively better rate of growth but low rooting capability, prohibiting their large scale planting. Experiments were under� taken both with cuttings as well as entire plants exposing them to...
Malik F. H. Ferdosi1, Iqra Haider Khan2, *Arshad Javaid2, Muhammad Nadeem3 and
Ayesha Munir4
...,
9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-, methyl ester (9.01%), campesterol (8.63%), α-
amyrin acetate (8.25%), β-amyrin (8.09%), hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester
(7.91%), 11-octadecenoic acid, methyl ester (6.15%), and 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol
(5.66%). Moderately abundant compounds included nonacos-1-ene (2.83%), methyl
stearate (1.57%), pentacosane (1.44%), phytol (1.33%), heptacos-1-ene (1.20%),...
*Arshad Javaid1, Iqra Haider Khan1 and Malik F. H. Ferdosi2
... (27.08%) and 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-, methyl ester (24.09%)
and hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (21.81%). Other identified compounds were
methyl stearate (5.51%), stigmasterol (5.12%), campesterol (4.19%), phenol, 2,2'-
methylenebis[6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methyl-(2.52%), 11-octadecenoic acid,
methyl ester (2.10%), squalene (1.89%), β-amyrin (1.88%), eicosanoic acid, methyl
ester (0.85%...
Malik F. H. Ferdosi1, Iqra Haider Khan2, Arshad Javaid2*, Hafiz Muhammad Saeed1, Ifrayeem Butt2 and Ayesha Munir3
...ster (3.77%), 9,12-octadecadienoic acid, methyl ester, (Z,Z)- (2.94%) and 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, methyl ester, (Z,Z,Z)- (2.92%) were categorized as less abundant compounds. Literature survey indicated that these compounds possess antimicrobial, larvicidal, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and/or antidiabetic properties....
Naveed Hussain1*, Muhammad Arif Khan1, Asim Khalid Mahmood2, Muhammad Yasin Tipu3, Mamoona Chaudhry4, Hamad Bin Rashid1, Haroon Akbar5 and Abdul Aziz6
...ered gold standard for decades. It contains viable osteoprogenitor cells, cytokines and growth factors with appropriate tissue matrix resulting in osteogenesis, osteoinduction and osteoconduction. Orthobiologics are biological materials used to augment bone and soft tissue cure, with multifactorial effects. In our study, three orthobiologics i.e., Bone Marrow Aspirate (BMA), Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) and Decellularized Fish Scale (DFS) were used in conjunctio...
Arshad Bhat1*, Abid Sultan2, M. Latief3, Parvaiz Rashid3, H.A. Malik4 and Iqra Qureshi5
...fy;">Over the past few decades, Jammu and Kashmir has emerged as one of India’s top states/UTs in terms of horticultural production. The current study aimed to investigate the short- and long-term relationships between economic growth and total horticultural production, taking into account the growing trend in horticultural production and individual products. The study made use of secondary data on horticultural production and gross state domestic produc...
Iwona Szatkowska1, Jan Udała2, Daniel Zaborski3*, Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska1, Wilhelm Grzesiak3, Małgorzata Wasielewska1 and Jerzy Wójcik4
...scientists for several decades, many of its aspects, including the molecular reason, are still controversial and require further detailed research....
Muhammad Zahir Shah1,2 and Syed Basit Rasheed1,*
...for last more than one decade in the tribal district Khyber located in the north-west of Pakistan near Pak-Afghan border. The disease burden has increased during the time of war against terrorism in the tribal belt of Pakistan bordering Afghanistan. This study was designed to investigate various ecological and entomological aspects of sand flies in war effected district Khyber. Sand flies were collected from seven different localities of the district by flit m...
Abdulaziz S. Alatawi*
...ly over the last three decades. This research studied the potential role of large agricultural areas as supplementary habitats for wild carnivores in a desert ecosystem. Camera traps recorded three mammalian carnivores: golden jackal (Canis aureus), grey wolf (Canis lupus), and red fox (Vulpes vulpes). Although red foxes were highly abundant across the surveyed sites, an analysis showed that they avoided sites near highways. The golden jackal is rarely documen...
Ali Nawaz*, Qazi Bilal Ahmed, Anwar Ali, Nowsherwan Zarif, Faizan Ahmad and Asim Karim
...rates of 0.6°C per decade for maximum temperature and 0.4°C per decade for minimum temperature. Conversely, relative humidity displays a declining trend of 2.83% per decade, while annual rainfall demonstrates a notable decrease of 63.2 mm per decade. These trends underscore the dynamic nature of climate variables and highlight the impact of human...
Quratulain Amjad1,2 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori1,2*
... players in signaling cascades of tumor metastasis. In previous reports it is stated that the interactions between Slit2 and Robo1 are facilitated by heparan sulphate that is abundantly expressed on cell surface and extracellular matrix. Slit2 reduces tumor proliferation in lung cancer and glioblastoma cells whereas TGF-β is a well-described tumor inducer. The present study was aimed at deciphering the role of heparan sulphate in Slit2 mediated inhibition...
Suravi Akter, Md. Bipul Mondal and Md. Mahmudul Alam*
...ttle having an active cascade of the disease. Regarding the economic impact on the farmers, FMD exerts huge economic losses to the farmers. During the disease period, the highest loss was incurred due to treatment purposes (64%). This study concluded that FMD caused clinical and pathological changes in cattle and exerted economic loss on the farmers....
Baraa Najim Al-Okaily
...study spanning several decades has been conducted to investigate the impact of oxidative stress on the liver, kidneys, and other organs. Achieving a full understanding of the fundamental concept of stress is crucial as it facilitates an intimate understanding of the causes of stress. Oxidative stress refers to an imbalance between the levels of oxidants and antioxidants, resulting in a disturbance of regulation and potential damage to molecules and cells. Thus...
Auras Muhi Taha*, Ibrahim Ahmed Ibrahim, Hassanein Abduladeem, Mohammed Qais Yassen, Omaima Khalid Ahmed and Tabark Najim Abdul-Allah
...study area in the last decade, while the good-density and very good varieties were identified in agricultural areas where agricultural activity continues. However, it did not increase. Their percentages ranged between 12.15% and 11.34% over the past decade, and we believe that drought has a clear impact on this deterioration due to decreased rainfall and the use of poor-quality water for irrigation, in addition to increased ...
Mohammad Moneruzzaman Khandaker1*,Nuratiqah Emran1, Nurul Elyni Mat Shaari1, Arba Aleem2, Zanariah Mohd Nor1 and Ali Majrashi3
Mohsin Rafique1*, Muhammad Atif Majeed2, Aamir Shakeel3, Tahir Iqbal4 and Ziad Raza5
...orested areas in three decades (1993-2023) almost 7 percent, driven by innovative initiatives like the Miyawaki forest method and ambitious afforestation projects. Significant shifts in land use land cover in Lahore includes a reduction of 31 percent in agricultural land, a rapid surge of 28 percent built-up area and urbanization, minor changes in water bodies, substantial forest growth, and slight declines in barren land. These transformations hold profound i...
Meray Nabil Ramsis
...thy adult donkey’s cadavers were used. Six of them were injected with heparin into the common carotid artery and they are subsequently washed with a warm saline solution of 0.9%. 60% gum milk latex neoprene, stained with red Rottring ink, was injected in order to examine the artery supply. For radiography, 50 g of lead oxide powder was injected into the other four heads after being dissolved in 100 ml of red gum milk latex. The samples were dissected, an...
Bingzhao Yan1, Guiping Chen2, Lulu Ding1, Ruxue Huang1, Wenjing Yu1 and Jicang Wang1*
...coefficient decreased in cadmium-exposed rats compared with the control group, and pathological tissue sections showed atrophy of the internal convoluted vasculature structure, pathological conditions such as testicular interstitial cell hyperplasia, nuclear consolidation, and cell necrosis in cadmium-stained rats, and an increase in the number of apoptotic cells in the testis of TUNEL. In addition, ...
Rico Anggriawan1*, Widya Paramita Lokapirnasari2, Sri Hidanah3, Muhammad Anam Al Arif4, Diyah Ayu Candra5
...ibiotics over the past decade, as well as the discovery of enrofloxacin and tylosin residues above the permissible limits in some broiler product samples. These findings indicate the need for increased awareness and regulation of antibiotic use in the livestock sector to protect consumer health.
Keywords | Residue, Broiler chickens, Enrofloxacin and tylosin, Commercial farming,Consumer health
...
Fahad A. Alshanbari1, Abdelrahman M. A. Elseory2,3*
...d globally in the past decade. Improvement of reproduction technologies such as artificial fertilization is still limited in the dromedary due to physiological difficulties such as sperm collection and ovulation occurring during mating. Superior dromedary camels with excellent genetic backgrounds are essential targets for selecting and cloning due to their superior fitness. Also, dromedary camels with excellent morphological features, as well as production and...
Hassan Ismail Musa1,3*, Latiffah Hassan1, Chandrawathani Panchadcharam2, Zunita Zakaria1, Saleha Abdul Aziz1
...ed during the previous decade may have contributed to the occurrence of the disease in livestock over the years. ...
Safaa El Bialy1*, Nabil Bker2, Hossam Ibrahim3, Saber, A. Saad4, Eman Ali5
...eductions in putrescine, cadaverine, and histamine, respectively, at the end of the experiment using 3% PEO. Regarding the microbiological status, the results were dose-dependent, showing that higher concentrations of PEO, especially 3%, led to greater reduction percentages. The highest reduction, reaching 100%, was observed in the counts of Enterobacteriaceae and coliforms. The study concluded that using parsley essential oils at varying concentrations, parti...
Adel Sobhy1, Ahmed El-khamary1, Ahmed M. Rashwan2,3, Ashraf Shamaa4, Mostafa Kassem5, Mohamed M. A. Abumandour6*, Ahmed El-Mansi7, 8 and Ahmed G. Nomir2
...of approach (anatomical, cadaveric, and live experimental tests) to describe the brachial plexus topography in the donkey, evaluate the US color doppler brachial plexus blockage, and test the analgesic efficacy. We topographically anatomized the brachial plexus in three cadavers. Color Doppler US-guided methylene blue dye was injected into both sides of the brachial plexus: p1 (plexus root 4±0.5 cm above the greater t...
Mostafa R. Zaher1,2*, Amir A. Shehata1, Azza M. El Amir2, Naglaa M. Hagag1, Reham H. Tammam3**
... developed during past decades, yet more robust and flexible technologies suitable for developing countries’ situations are needed. This review offers an in-depth analysis of the status of FMD vaccine development, highlighting both conventional and innovative technologies that could enhance vaccination effectiveness and availability.Various types of FMD vaccines have been discussed, including inactivated, attenuated, virus-like particles, peptide, and nu...
Halla H. Ahmed, Aurass Muhi Taha Al-Waeli and Fadia W. Al-Azawi*
...roundwater in the last decade is used to study the possibility of wheat agriculture in the desertification of the west of Kerbala/Iraq. The aim of this study was to estimate the changes detected in the groundwater level which indicates the wheat growth for the period of the study. Sentinel-2 data can be used to monitor this change using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The results of this study showed that there are significant differences in the...
Mariam Ismail Ali1*, Rania Helmi Abdou1, Mary Ayad Sargious2, Omnia Mohamed Khattab2, Kawthar Abdelwahed Elhady1
...a dose of 2mg/kg against cadmium chloride hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, and neurotoxicity in rats. The study found that cadmium treatment in rats increased inflammatory markers (TNF-α 264.3% and IL-1β 170.7%), and oxidative markers(MDA 140.5%), Higher liver enzymes, histopathological lesions, and genes expression screened for hepatotoxic effects. Bee venom effectively reduced inflammation (TNF-α 49% and IL...
Arshad Javaid1*, Freeha Anjum1, Aneela Anwar2, Mahrukh Asif1, Sadia Ahmad1 and Malik F.H. Ferdosi3
...l (6.05%) and 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-, methyl ester (7.11%) were categorized as moderately abundant ones. Different fatty acid methyl esters together with stigmasterol identified in the root extract have shown antifungal activity in various previous studies and might be responsible for antifungal activity against P. oryzae in the present study....
Hina Jabeen*, Usman Irshad, Kainat Azhar, Alisha Fatima, Asma Zaheer Abbasi, Tayyaba Sadia and Jaweria Aqeel
...n. The concentrations of cadmium, chromium, nickel, lead and iron were analyzed in the fish muscles by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Among metals, the highest concentrations of Pb (3.391 ± 0.002 µg/g) followed by Cr (0.311 ± 0.001 µg/g) were estimated in the freshwater fish species L. rohita collected from Rawal Dam and W. attu from River Chenab, respectively. The maximum concentrations of Cr (4.589 ± 1.008 µg/g) a...
Amal S.Omar, Mahmoud A. Ahmed, Nada A.S. El-Shahawy, Wael A.H. Ali, Sabbah F. Youssef, Hoda M.A. Shabaan, El-Sayed M. Abdel-Kafy*
...ecreased over the past decade. Opportunities within the geese production system include serving the domestic market and increasing income. Notably, women play a significant role in managing and selling geese. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into geese production practices in Egypt. ...
Rakhtasha Munir1, Shazia Rafique2*, Iram Amin1,2, Sameen Ahmed2, Ayesha Vajeeha2, Amjad Ali3, Muhammad Shahid2, Muhammad Umer Khan4 and Muhammad Idrees2
...earth for the last few decades affecting almost 50% of the population in developing nations. Dengue infection covers a high range of symptoms for instance mild to acute hemorrhage fever, dengue shock syndrome, and liver dysfunction. Early diagnosis of the disease is crucial for prompt treatment strategies. One of the detection strategies of the infection can be made through viral structural peptides that act as markers for discernment, including Capsid (C) pro...
Quddusi B. Kazmi* and M.A. Kazmi
...tnerships with Pakistan academia and government, ONR coordinates and sponsors scientific research and technology development for the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps. All the species are described and illustrated....
Jinlong Cheng1, Jianglan Pei1, Qiaoyun Xu1, Jian Gao1, Zanna Xi1,
Jialiang Ouyang1, Mengzhi Wang1,2*, Junliang Yin2* and Wenju Zhang3*
...ign: justify;">Period circadian regulator 2 (PER2) is a core circadian clock gene associated with metabolism, transport and synthesis of lipids. Here, 3-month-old Boer goats were used to explore the relationship between PER2 and volatile fatty acid-related genes in isolated goat ruminal epithelial tissue explants. Internal and external culture medium was collected at 0, 3, 6, and 24 h to measure pH and VFA concentration to e...
Iqra Javed, Beenish Maqsood* and Muhammad Khurshid*
...l enzyme in the recent decades. It is notable for its use as an anticancer drug and an acrylamide mitigator in the food industry. The screening of L-asparaginase from new microbial sources, with greater yield and fewer drawbacks is greatly appreciated. The present work attempts to screen and identify L-asparaginase producing bacteria from soil, as well as to optimize the bioprocess parameters for higher yield of extracellular L-asparaginase. For this purpose, ...
Ning Jiang Chengming Tian Xinlei Fan
Volume 2, Issue 1, January and February 2018, Pages 14-16
...uously in the past two decades. Cryphonectriaceae is a worldwide fungal family, with most members pathogenic to Myrtiflorae and Fagaceae plants. This family was established in 2006, basing on Endothia-Cryphonetria complex, Amphilogia, Chrysoporthe and Rostraureum (Gryzenhout et al., 2006). Further studies increased 17 genera in this family depended on DNA sequence data, supported by morphological evidence....
Yahaya, S.M.1*; Mardiyya, A.Y.1; Sakina, S.B.1; Hayatu, L.W.1
Novel Research in Microbiology Journal (2019), 3(1): 204-214
...erformed over the past decade have provided a wealth of novel insights into the infection mechanisms utilized by this pathogen. Fungal genes important for successful infection by B. cinerea were identified. Such knowledge provided perspectives for designing novel, and rational plant protection strategies that could effectively counteract important pathogen virulence factors. In this study; the infection process will be divided into different stages; moreover, ...
Ahmed Ali1*; Ahmed I. Abd El-Mawgoud2; Al-Hussien M. Dahshan1; Azza A. EL-Sawah1; Soad A. Nasef3
Novel Research in Microbiology Journal (2019), 3(4): 415-427
...ics have been used for decades; however the emergence of multi-drug resistant E. coli, and the difficulty of discovering new antimicrobial therapies made vaccine the best choice to control E. coli infections in poultry farms. In this review, the various aspects of APEC infection in poultry with special focus on the epidemiology of APEC in Egypt in relation to virulence traits were discussed. In addition, the most recent vaccination trials against the APEC dise...
Adeniyi O. Adeleye1*; Mohammed B. Yerima2; Michael E. Nkereuwem3; Victor O. Onokebhagbe3; Peter G. Shiaka2; Florence K. Amoo2; Ibrahim K. Adam4
Novel Research in Microbiology Journal (2019), 3(5): 471-484
Zakaria Ahmed1
Novel Research in Microbiology Journal (2019), 3(6): 485-492
...d popularity in recent decades. Efforts to validate their use have seen their putative therapeutic properties, which come under increasing scrutiny in vitro and in some cases in vivo. One of such products is tea and its tree oil (TTO); which is a secondary metabolite derived from tea plant (Melaleuca alternifolia). Both black and green tea has several polyphenolic compounds with possible antibacterial effects. It is employed largely due to its antimicrobial pr...
Ahmed El Taweel1*; Ahmed Kandeil1; Ahmed Barakat2; Omar El Faroq2; Ghazi Kayali3; Mohamed Ahmed Ali1
Novel Research in Microbiology Journal (2020), 4(1): 666-674
...pectively, during this decade. The genetic diversity of the other HAstVs circulating in Egypt needs to be fully identified, as a first step toward the control strategy of this neglected virus....
Antiviral activity of water extracts of some medicinal and nutritive plants from the Apiaceae family
Mohamed GabAllah1; Ahmed Kandeil2; Adel Abd El-Baset Mousa1; Mohamed Ahmed Ali2
Novel Research in Microbiology Journal (2020), 4(2): 725-735
...sp;During the past two decades, several human infections with avian influenza H5N1 virus have been reported. An increase in the recorded cases of human viral infections led to more public health concern, because of their potential pandemic proportions in the human's society. Moreover, an increase in the cases of drug-resistant influenza A virus has brought the urgent need for alternative anti-influenza drugs. In the present study, water extracts from eight com...
Gamal, Abdelaziz1*; Heba, A. Mostafa2
Novel Research in Microbiology Journal (2020), 4(3): 736-745
...demic in less than two decades. In March, 2020 the World Health Organization (WHO) called this respiratory infectious disease as a “Pandemic Outbreaks”, unfortunately, no drug or vaccine has yet been approved to treat COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2). About 3.5 million confirmed cases and more than 240 thousand deaths worldwide were reported from this respiratory pandemic by May 03, 2020. This outbreak pushed the researchers and physicians to use “Drug ...
Fatma Ahmed Abdel Aziz1; Gamal Fadl Mahmoud Gad1; Ahmed Mohamed Kamal El Shafei2; Reham Ali Ibrahem1*
Novel Research in Microbiology Journal (2022), 6(5): 1725-1741
Subhasmita Mallik1; Samikshya Nayak1; Arpita Panda2; Smrutirekha Behera1; Kamalakanta Swain2; Archita Patra1; Rukmini Mishra1; Jatindra Nath Mohanty1*
Novel Research in Microbiology Journal (2024), 8(5): 2604-2631
...bsp;
In recent decades, microbial resistance to antimicrobial drugs has emerged as a global health crisis. Therefore, it is crucial to develop alternative therapeutic strategies to address the growing threat of multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens. Researchers and clinicians are increasingly focusing on plant-based products due to their antibiotic properties and lack of associated antibiotic resistance. Plant-based nanoparticles present several benefit...
Belal Natey1; Ahmed M.M.A. Kasem1; Younes M. Rashad2*; Nageh Fathy Abo-Dahab1
Novel Research in Microbiology Journal (2024), 8(6): 2712-2733
...te that can extend for decades in the soil. In this study, forty-nine Trichoderma species were isolated from the rhizosphere and tissues of 25 plant species collected from different sites across four Egyptian governorates. The antagonistic activity of all isolated Trichoderma strains was screened against S. cepivora BYAN1 in vitro. Microscopic examination showed that isolate B3R12 (identified as T. afroharzianum B3R12) has the greatest mycoparasitic level. Mor...
Robinson Torres Ronquillo1, Manuel Carrillo Zenteno2, Wuellins Durango Cabanilla2, Diego Franco Ochoa1, César Quinaluisa Morán1, Seyed Mehdi Jazayeri3,4, Gregorio Vásconez Montufar5, E. Rajasekhar6, Naga Raju Maddela7* and Ronald Villamar-Torres1,5*
Muhammad Zamin1*, Fazli Rabbi2, Hamayoon Khan3, Muhammad Zahid1, Raheel Saqib4, Shafi Ullah5 and Muhammad Shakur6
...ll during the last six decades in the temperate zone of Pakistan, whereby the primary data was compared with the metrological data. Based on the metrological data, it was found that the annual average temperature was increased from 13.2 oC (1980) to 15.47 oC (2017) while annual average rainfall was reduced from 131.88 mm/year (1980) to 109.2 mm/year (2017) over the the last 30 years. The farmer’s perceptions comply with the metrological data in which 95%...
Mahfouz M.M. Abd-Elgawad
...uctive cycle within tick cadavers, their usage bodes well to control key tick species. Their applications will avoid not only ticks-direct damages but also many tick-borne diseases. These latter can even inflict humans which constitute a substantial public health concern worldwide. Fortunately, the basics/experience assembled in using EPNs against other arthropods can assist in developing tick biocontrol methods. As EPNs naturally live in/on the soil, where 95...
Social Impact Assessment of Construction Related to an Infrastructure Development Project in Karachi
Muhammad Bilal Yasser and Muhammad Imran Majid
...mension of research for academics as well as for the professionals related to construction industry.
...
Wenfeng Lin1* and Qiqi Zheng2
...ions of vimentin ZO-1, E-cadherin, β-catenin, N-cadherin and Gli1. We found that at 48h~96h, compared with the control group, the proliferation ability of the group with overexpression of KIF20B was significantly increased (P<0.05), but decreased in the group with low expression of KIF20B (P<0.05). The invasion and migration ability of the group with overexpression of KIF20B were increased compared with the contro...
Yanhua Zhang1, Hui Li1, Xinya Li1, Yong Zhang1, Rongqing Li1* and Chen Qing2*
...e binding of CPEB3 and E-cadherin. Western blot, and transwell invasion assay confirmed that CPEB3 inhibited the invasion of OC cell by promoting E-cadherin translation. The results implied that CPEB3 plays an important role in the invasion and proliferation of OC and may serve as a target for the development of novel therapeutic strategies....
Jingjing Guo, Ruitong Niu, Shanshan Mu* and Anshi Wu
...sed from the Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and the rats were housed in a specific pathogen-free facility and maintained under controlled conditions. The rats were divided into control group (CG), surgical model group (SMG) and desflurane group (DG). The level of circulating mtDNA and the mRNA expressions of interleukin 6 (IL-6), Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and IL-1β were detected by RT-PCR. Organ damage during extra corporea...
Fayaz Khan1, Aziz Uddin1, Hisham N. Altayb2, Bibi Nazia Murtaza3,
Sajid Ul Ghafoor1, Faisal Imam4, Saima Iftikhar5, Sadia Tabassum1,
Khushi Muhammad1* and Muhammad Shahid Nadeem2
