Forages Supplies and Effects on Growth Performance, Birth, Mortality, and Natural Increase of Bali Cattle at Breeding Center in Pulukan, Bali
Forages Supplies and Effects on Growth Performance, Birth, Mortality, and Natural Increase of Bali Cattle at Breeding Center in Pulukan, Bali
Roy Malindo1, Anuraga Jayanegara2, Osfar Sjofjan3, Siti Chuzaemi3*
ABSTRACT
This study aimed to evaluate the dry matter supply from both forage and concentrate and the average daily gain of Bali cattle at the breeding center in Pulukan, Jembrana Regency, Bali Province. This study used an analytical survey approach. Data collection consisted of interviews and observations based on a questionnaire. The observed forage land area was 96.5 ha, including cropland of 26.5 ha and pasture of 70 ha. A total of 760 Bali cattle were observed to determine weight gain. The collected data were tabulated and analyzed using descriptive statistics and analysis of variance (ANOVA) using general linear model (GLM) was carried out using SAS OnDemand for Academics (ODA, Cary, NC, USA). The results indicated that the average dry matter supply was 49.6% of the cattle requirements, with 21.8% derived from forage and 27.8% from concentrate. The average daily gain was 0.4 kg/head/d, with males gaining 0.4 kg/head/d and females 0.3 kg/head/d. Based on age, the average daily gain of calves, young, and adults was 0.4, 0.3, and 0.4 kg/head/d, respectively. The dry matter supply in 2019, 2020, and 2021 was 1.5, 1.6, and 1.5% of body weight, while average daily gain was 0.3, 0.4, and 0.3 kg/head/d, respectively. The average birth percentage was 26.1% per year, while mortality was 4.7% per year. The average value of Natural Increase (NI) in the cattle population in Pulukan was 21.4% per year. In conclusion, the feeding system in Pulukan did not provide adequate levels of dry matter, affecting the average daily gain (ADG) did not meet its target of 0.5 kg/head/d and a low level of Natural Increase.
Keywords | Average daily gain, Bali cattle, Body weight, Dry matter, Nutritional status
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June 2023
Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci., Vol. 11, Iss. 6, pp. 864-1036
