Gultaj Hussain1, Abdur Rahman1*, Tariq Hussain2, Siraj Uddin1, Tariq Ali3
E-mail | abdur_rahman@aup.edu.pk
Hira Akhter1, Bilal Aslam2*, Naveed Shahzad3, Tanzeela Farooq4, Muhammad Umer5 and Muhammad Hidayat Rasool2
Iram Liaqat1*, Najma Arshad2, Muhammad Arshad3, Safdar Ali Mirza4, Nazish Mazhar Ali1 and Ammara Shoukat1
...xtracts. Maximum zone of inhibition exhibited by methanolic extracts of S. aromaticum was 10 mm and 20 mm in mono and mixed culture bacterial isolates, respectively. The findings from this study warrant further research to help to establish an alternative anti-infective phytotherapeutical approach to control antibiotic-resistant microbial strains in the food industry....
Sidra-Tul-Muntaha1, Muhammad Sagheer1*, Mansoor-ul-Hasan1 and Shahbaz Talib Sahi2
...ethrin. Upto 80% progeny inhibition was caused by the extract of A. indica. While more than 50% population of C. chinensis was inhibited with deltamethrin. More pronounced results were obtained at high concentrations. Plants were effective in order of Azadirachta indica > Melia azadirach > Pegnum hermala > Salsola baryosma> zingiber officinale; whereas effectiveness of pyrethroids was in order of deltamethrin > cypermethrin > bifenthrin. The ...
Aziz-ul-Rahman, Farooq Yousaf, Naveed Anwar and Muhammad Abubakar
...ation. Haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test was performed using PPRV antigen to determine antibody titres level. The overall prevalence of antibodies to PPRV in goats and sheep were 66.22% (521 samples) and 65.76% (444 samples), respectively. Sero-prevalence of anti-PPRV antibodies was found higher in adults (69.14% with GMT 17.91) than in young (62.47% with GMT 12.85). Furthermore, seasonal seropositivity seasons was recorded and sero-prevalence during summ...
Sana Irshad Khan1*, Zafar Iqbal2, Hamid Ullah Shah2 and Shaukat Hussain3
...um (87.50 ± 0.11% inhibition), Xanthomonas campestris (67.00 ± 0.46% inhibition) and Clavibacter michiganensis (72.00 ± 1.02% inhibition). The A. flavus was grown on two different media, i.e. Potato Dextrose Broth (PDB) and Glucose Nutrient Broth (GNB) media for active secondary metabolites. Ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract of PDB medium gave significant results against s...
Yang Wang1, Zhide Cheng2, Mengjie Tang3, Haixia Zhou1, Xiaolu Yuan4,Muhammad Aqeel Ashraf5, Shuting Mao1 and Jing Wang1,*
...i>P<0.01); 5) the inhibition rates of N-isopropyl oxamate to LDH, LD and ATP were 37.12%, 66.27%, and 32.42%, respectively. The results suggest that Ldh-c expresses in skeletal muscles of plateau pika, and the pika skeletal muscle may get at least 32.42% ATP for its activities by LDH-C4 catalyzed anaerobic glycolysis, which reduces the dependence on oxygen and enhances the adaptation to the hypoxic environments.
...
Mirza Imran Shahzad1,*, Anna Iqbal2, Farrah Ali1, Nuzhat Sial3, Muhammad Ashfaq4, Abul Hasanat5 and Azra Khanum6
...ial activities. Zones of inhibition were measured by using disc diffusion method. Supernatant fraction of E. coli was positive against Sal. typhi and supernatant fraction of P. multocida was positive against E. coli, which show that antimicrobial agents were secretory in nature. Sonicated fractions were on second order to produce antimicrobial activities. The freeze thaw method was least effective in secreting a...
Uzma Farid Durrani1,*,Sagar Mal Goyal2, Asim Khalid Mahmood1,Cathleen Hanlon3, Susan Moore3, Muhammad Waqas1 and Raheela Akhtar4
Antibacterial Activity by Chlorogenic Acid Isolated through Resin from Apricot (Prunus Armeniaca L.)
Ahmed Mujtaba1, Tariq Masud1, Asif Ahmad1, Waqar Ahmed3, Saqib Jabbar3* and Robert E. Levin2
... acid and showed zone of inhibition with the value of 6.0 and 7.0 mm. The HPLC analysis of apricot suggested that 5.0 gm of apricot contain 1.04 µg/ml of chlorogenic acid on dry weight basis. It is concluded that apricot may be an alternative, natural and supplemental treatment for diseases associated with these pathogens.
... 
Honnur Basha, Vinaya Hemannavar, B.Ramanujam, R. Rangeshwaran and S.Sriram
Screening of chilli microflora and other biocontrol agents for their antagonistic effects on Colletotrichum spp. infecting chillies
...llus flavus showed 70.2% inhibition of C. gloeosporioides and 54.9% inhibition of C. capsici.Among the isolates of Trichoderma sp. tested, T.virens (Tvs-KSD isolate) and T. pseudokoningii (Tpk-1) showed highest percent inhibition of C. gloeosporioides (69.7%) and T. viride (Tv-5 isolate) showed highest percent inhibition of C. capsici(51.9%).Among the ba...
A. K. Chaubey and Satyandra Kumar
Bio-management of root knot nematode and root rot disease by antagonistic fungi and rhizobacteria
...re filtrates showed high inhibition in egg hatching and caused high mortality of juveniles than the control (P< 0.05). The microorganisms which caused high nematicidal activity also showed antifungal activity in dual plate culture test in vitro. All the antagonists showed reduction in root knot and root rot disease and promote plants growth as the length and weight of root and shoot in pot trials on tomato plants. Keywords: Antagonistic fungi, root knot nem...
P.S. Ajith, K.K. Lakshmesha, S. Mahadev Murthy and N. Lakshmidevi
Botanicals for control of anthracnose of bell peppers
...% radial mycelial growth inhibition in poisoned food technique, whereas 15% increased seed germination and 26% reduced disease incidence is recoded when compared to untreated control. In pot experiments, there is an increase in height and weight of the plants by 22% and 44% respectively in seeds treated with C. aromaticus when compared to chemical fungicide Bavistin and also 13% reduction in disease incidence is observed when compared to untreated control. Fro...
M.S. Islam, M.Ali, and I. Ahmad
Efficacy of sedomil 72WP and recozeb 80WP to control die-back (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) of tea in Bangladesh
...0WP caused colony growth inhibition, respectively by 75.00-90.77% and 75.88-91.33% in 2008 and 74.66-90.55% and 75.66-91.11% in 2009. In a field experiment at the main farm of Bangladesh Tea Research Institute (BTRI), both fungicides were applied as foliar spray for three times at 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 kg ha-1. In 2008, sedomil 72WP gave 45.52-92.78% and recozeb 80WP gave 46.47- 90.39% reduction in PDI. In 2009, the reduction in PDI was 45.84-90.83% and 45.65-...
Anil Sehajpal, Saroj Arora and Parminder Kaur
Evaluation of plant extracts against Rhizoctonia solani causing sheath blight of rice
...th relative magnitude of inhibition 2.0 mm against the pathogen R. Solani. With regard to the effect of 8 plant oil samples tested, it was noticed that the oil of Syzygium aromaticum showed strong inhibition i.e. 7.5 mm at 1000ppm whereas Helianthus annus and Oryza sativa were ineffective....
Bushra Niaz1,*, Tahir Zahoor1, Muhammad Atif Randhawa1 and Amer Jamil2
... was more susceptible to inhibition than S. aureusin disc diffusion assay. The MIC of lactoferrin was found to be 0.5 mg/mL for E. coli and 0.2 mg/mL for S. aureus.
...
Muhammad Ayaz1,*, Muhammad Athar Abbas2, Pervez3, Noorulain3, Yasir Amin1, Zubair Ali3, Naila Siddique2 and Khalid Naeem2
Ayesha Ilyas1, Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan2,* and Abdul Qadir1,*
...ved. Maximum oviposition inhibition was shown by petroleum ether extract of A. indica (57.14%), while the lowest ovipositon deterrence of 5.71 % was exhibted by the petroleum ether extract of C. fistula. However, in case of the petroleum ether extract of O. basilicum and the acetonic extract of Eucalyptus more pupae were developed in treated fruits as compared to their untreated guavas. The acetonic extracts of T. peruviana s...
Tiansen Li1, Meiling Huang2, Zhen Wang1,Fei Guo3,Hui Zhang1,* and Chuangfu Chen1,*
... mutants were noted, inhibition of phagosome-Lysosome fusion was dramaticly impaired, and profound increase of apoptosis rate after exposure of RAW264.7 to omp10 mutants at 12 h, 24 h and 48 h compared to RAW264.7 exposed to 2308. Results indicate that Δomp10 mutant would affect its survival and pathogenicity.
...
Jawad Anwar* and Zafar Iqbal
...n showed maximum zone of inhibition (24.25±1.06 mm) against X. campestris and (23.15±2.12 mm) against C. michiganensis on growth nutrient broth (GNB) medium as compared to other culture media (Potato dextrose broth and yeast extract broth). Similarly maximum zone of inhibition was observed in optimized parameters like shaking flask culture, 25 °C temperature, media of pH 5 and light fermentation.The EtOAc e...
Fang Wang, Yong-Fang Jia, Po Wang, Qi-Yan Du and Zhong-Jie Chang*
...chanism not only involve inhibition of cytochrome P450 aromatase activity, but also the changes of upstream genes in sex differentiation. So, LET can be used as a reagent to control the sex differentiation of carp, but also can be used to disturb gonad differentiation, and then to reveal the molecular mechanism....
Muhammad Usman Qamar1, 2, Sidrah Saleem1, Usman Arshad1, Muhammad Farhan Rasheed3, Hasan Ejaz4, Naveed Shahzad5 and Shah Jahan6,*
...h almost similar zone of inhibition (7.4mm) except E. cloacae. Highest MIC and MBC of manuka honey was observed against K. pneumoniae (30%v/v) while lowest against A. baumannii (20%v/v). Here, we conclude that Manuka honey possess potent antibacterial activity and might be used as an alternative treatment option against NDM-1 producing bacterial species. However, further clinical trials are mandatory to corroborate our initial findings.
Hafiz Muhammad Tahir*, Arooj Zaheer and Rabia Yaqoob
...raneidae family. Evident inhibition of fungal growth was observed on bread treated with web silk of N. theisi as compared to untreated control. It is concluded that silk of N. theisi possess antifungal property....
Nasreen Sultana* and A.Ghaffar**
... Vitavax showed complete inhibition of colony growth at 100 ppm. Invariably all fungicides at three different concentration viz., 1, 2, 3 g (a.i.) kg-1 seeds reduced the recovery of the seed borne fungi. The most effective seed treatments were Benlate, Topsin-M, Carbendazim and Aliette @ 3 g kg-1 seeds which enhanced seed germination and reduced seed infection in bottle gourd. Trichoderma harzianum, T. viride, Gliocladium virens, Stachybotrys atra and Bacillus...
Rahila Nazli, Tehmina Sohail, Bushra Nawab and Zahra Yaqeen*
...nisms and fungi. Maximum inhibition activity was calculated against all the groups of organisms, which was between 0.5 and 1mg ml-1 against bacteria and 2.5 mg ml-1 against fungi. It is therefore concluded that G. sepium provide a lead towards the exploration of new antimicrobial agent....
Amtul Jamil Sami1,*, Sehrish Bilal1, Madeeha Khalid1, Muhammad Tahir Nazir1 and A.R. Shakoori2
... and follows competitive inhibition kinetics. In case of A. mellifera enzyme activity was not inhibited. In vitro and in vivo inhibition was observed for T. castaneum at larval stages, in dose dependent and time dependent manner. LC50 was determined to be 0.7ppm. To investigate the different effects of saponins on A. mellifera and T. castaneum AChE, computational approach was ...
Muhammad Zahid Kiani*, Arshad Ali**, Tariq Sultan** and Muhammad Munir Ahmed***
CHARACTERIZATION OF PLANT GROWTH PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA ISOLATED FROM ROOT SYSTEM OF SUNFLOWER (HELIANTHUS ANNUS L) GROWN UNDER SALT AFFECTED AREA OF PAKISTAN
... activity (fungal growth inhibition) than other isolated strains....
Amna Kausar1,2, Sana Anwar1, Naila Siddique2, Safia Ahmed1 and Javid Iqbal Dasti1,*
... of the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titer (MT log2) against AIV H9 remained 7±3. Real-time PCR results showed 8.3% (42/507) of the samples were positive for viral matrix gene. Sub-typing was performed by specific anti-sera. PCR amplification was done by using N2 specific primers that confirmed 100% of the matrix (M) gene positive isolates as subtype H9N2. This is the first report from Pakistan that confirms prevalence of AIV H9N...
Ayesha Munir, Hafiz Muhammad Umer, Anjum Nasim Sabri and Imran Sajid*
Ali Zaman1,*, Abdul Haleem1, Sajjad Ur Rahman2, Adnan Amin3 Asma Saeed1, Sana Ullah4 and Naimat Ullah4
...through hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test for detection of H5 antibodies. Highest sero-prevalence of Avian Influenza (H5) was recorded in district Abbottabad 36.15% (47/130) followed by Dera Ismail Khan 33.08% (43/130), Tank 26.92% (35/130), Peshawar 21.54% (28/130) and Mansehra 16.92% (22/130). Statistical analysis confirmed a significant (P<0.05) difference of sero-prevalence between the districts. There was a significant (P<0.05) ass...
G. Venkatesan* and Amit Kumar
...ant (VIR) and GM-CSF/IL2 inhibition factor (GIF) genes and or host specific namely vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-E) and viral IL-10 genes. ORFV can cause high morbidity in adults along with considerable mortality in young suckling animals and showing an expanding host range even to marine species make this contagious virus, an important animal pathogen globally. Being zoonotic and endemic in most parts of the developing world, it is necessary to pre...
Xiaqing Chen, Yü Huang and Zhen Huang*
...sed high mycelial growth inhibition and germination inhibition of S. shiraiana, with the inhibition value up to 80% and 90%, respectively. An apparent increase in mycelial growth inhibition in a dose-dependent manner was observed when ethyl acetate extract and carbendazim were applied individually. The EC50 of T. hamatum ethylace...
Dan Yü, Chuchu Li, Yü Huang and Zhen Huang*
...s. The level of additive inhibition on S. sclerotiorum using both fungal ethylacetate extracts and difenoconazole was directly related to the concentration of each component used in mixtures. Additive effects were observed in all treatments according to the mycelial growth inhibition, Me and Chi-square values. The use of T. hamatum offers a promising and effective co-formulation product or alternative to chemic...
In-vitro Anticancer Activity of Copper (II) and Zinc (II) Complexes with Derived Schiff Base Ligands
Qaisar Jamal1,Salman Ahmad1, Nazma Habib Khan1, Sobia Wahid1, Muhammad Ikram2, Sadia Rehman2, Syed Basit Rasheed1 and Akram Shah1,*
...rd chemotherapy). Mean % inhibition for NM-3 against THP-1 was higher than NM-4, although both were less effective than miltefosine. IC50 for miltefosine, NM-3 and NM-4 against THP-1was 0.000347µM, 44.9µM and 119µM; whereas, their cytotoxicity was 72.26µM, 255µM and 293.8µM, respectively against peripheral blood lymphocytes. Based on the findings of present study the compounds can be put in to list of candidacy fo...
Zulqarnain and Zafar Iqbal*
...nidermatum showed growth inhibition (%) against the pathogen. Penicillium sp. showed maximum growth inhibition (63.85 ± 3.26 %) and its extract showed 9.20 ± 0.14 mm zone of inhibition at 1000 mg·L-1 against the Fusarium wilt. Based on its higher in vitro antifungal activity, in vivo screen house experiments were conducted. Plants given the treatment as Penicillium + F...
Nadia Khan1*, Abdul Waheed1, Farrukh Siyar Hamid1, Naveed Ahmed1, Zafar Iqbal2, Seemab Ali1, Madiha Bashir1 and Hina Gul3
...ured in terms of zone of inhibition in millimeters. Amoxicillin was used as a positive control. The results showed that Clavibacter sp. and E. coli exhibit resistant to the oil extract while Xanthomonas sp. displayed nil results. The present study thus reveals that either the used bacterial species are more resistant strains or the oil extract does not possess anti-pathogenic agent against tested bacterial species. ...
Ihsan Ali1#, Asim Aslam1*, Habib-ur-Rehman2, Beenish Zahid3, Ishtiaq Ahmed1
Effect of fish oil on growth performance and immune response in experimentally infected broiler chicken with avian influenza virus H9N2
...age by haemagglutination inhibition test. The
mean GMT for H9N2 of group A, B, C, and D after challenge were 76.0, 273.7, 0.5
and 0.35, respectively. However, after challenged the highest GMT for NDV was
observed in group C with 158.8, followed by group B, D and A with GMT of 72.6,
49.3, and 11.32, respectively. Congestion, depletion of lymphocytes, dysplasia of
thymic lobules, necrosis, disappearance of lymph follicles and i...
mean GMT for H9N2 of group A, B, C, and D after challenge were 76.0, 273.7, 0.5
and 0.35, respectively. However, after challenged the highest GMT for NDV was
observed in group C with 158.8, followed by group B, D and A with GMT of 72.6,
49.3, and 11.32, respectively. Congestion, depletion of lymphocytes, dysplasia of
thymic lobules, necrosis, disappearance of lymph follicles and i...
Atiq-ur-Rehman1,2,*, Abida Latif1,*, Rukhsana Anwar1, Nasir Abbas1, Sajid Nawaz2 and Hamid Turab Mirza3
...etermine α-amylase inhibition for the evaluation of hypoglycemic potential of the plant. So, the aim of this study was for the investigation of in vitro, in vivo anti-diabetic potential and mode of action of various fractions of methanolic extract of the aerial parts of this plant. Various fractions (n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol) from the most active methanolic extract were prepared. Hypoglycemic potential was investiga...
Jian Wang1,*, Zhi Liu2, Sheng Xu2, Mei-Fen Hu2, Xiao-Rui Liu1 and Wen-Jie Cai1
...covery of injury via the inhibition pathway of micro inflammatory immune. In order to prevent excessive micro inflammation, the patients with infection should have been repeated Hemodialysis.
...
Peng Song1,2, Wei Feng2, Haiying Shi2,Jinsheng Zhao3, Renmin Liu3 and Wei Xu2,*
...% (w/w) content, and the inhibition action appeared at 7% NaCl. The maximum decolorization concentration of the Amaranth reached 1450mg/L. Mg2+ and Fe3+ could accelerate Amaranth decolorization, and Cu2+, Zn2+, Co2+ showed inhibition of Amaranth decolorization. Compared with the traditional method dissolving oil-soluble dye in DMSO, HP-β-CD was used to monitor the d...
Hao Gu*, Zhi Yang, Weiqiang Yu, Kan Xu and Yuan-fei Fu*
...nding performance in the inhibition of acid producing and biofilm of the four strains of cariogenic bacteria. Meanwhile, low values of MIC of capsaicin on four sectional cariogenic bacteria indicated high efficiency of antibacterial activity of capsaicin. Antibacterial activity of capsaicin on Streptococcus mutans, Actinomyces viscosus, Lactobacillus and Streptococcus sanguis were proved in this study. In vivo experiments of capsaicin should be conducte...
Hafiz Abdullah Akbar, Zafar Iqbal, Waqas Raza*, MuhammadUsman Ghazanfar and Salman Ahmad
... extracts maximum growth inhibition (35.90 %) was shown by Anar followed by Chabir (33.60%) and Garlic (29.16%), while minimum growth inhibition was recorded from Parthanium (17.43%) and Ginger (19.94 %). In case of plant extracts + wax maximum growth inhibition (44.36%) was shown by Anar+Wax followed by Chabir+Wax (42.78%) and Fungicide + Wax (37.45%), while minimum growth
Sabi-Ur-Rehman1, Anwar Khalid2, Qazi Najam Us Saqib3, Farooq Ahmad1, Shaheed-Ur-Rehman4, Neelam Zaman3, Ayeza Mehmood5 and Abdul Samad6*
...ca. The maximum zones of inhibition, 23.00±0.56 mm and 25.00±0.50 mm was given by ethyl acetate fraction of leaves against P. fluorescens and A. niger respectively. The crude saponins isolated from leaves did not give significant results against the tested bacterial strains where as it was significantly active against fungal strains. The results were compared to standard drug, Ciprofloxacin and Fluconazole which gave 30.0±0.0 mm and 28.0&p...
Javed Asghar Tariq1*, Bashir Ahmed2, Manzoor Ali Abro2, Muhammad Ismail1, Muhammad Usman Asif1 and Raza Muhammad1
...o inhibit fungus showing inhibition zone 4.09 -74.97%. Hence, on the basis of these studies, it can be concluded that these bacteria can be used as a biocontrol agent to manage other fungal diseases of agricultural crops also. ...
Mohsan Iqbal1, Farid Asif Shaheen1, Rashid Mahmood2,*, Muhammad Khalid Rafique2, Imran Bodlah1, Farah Naz3 and Muhammad Usman Raja3
...(5%) whereas the maximum inhibition rate of 85% and percent mortality of C. chinensis were observed in synergistic concentration of EPB as compared toEPF. Synergistic concentration (1×108) of bacteria gave the best results against C. chinensis as compared to that of entomopathogenic fungi. The maximum percent conidial germination (90%) of B. bassiana and percent mortality (50.40±2.20a), (79.70±0.28a) a...
Iram Liaqat1,*, Nazish Mazhar Ali2, Najma Arshad3, Riffat Iqbal1 and Zain-ul-Abideen1
Khansa Nazir1,*, Tariq Mukhtar1 and Humayun Javed2
...ly, the maximum hatching inhibition of M. incognita eggs was recorded at a concentration of 100 mg/ml of nanoparticles followed by 75 mg/ml of AgNP. The minimum inhibition was recorded with 25 mg/ml of AgNP. It was found that with the an increase in concentration, there was a corresponding increase in hatching inhibition showing direct relationship between hatching
Muhammad Usman Ghazanfar, Muhammad Imran Hamid, Mubashar Raza, Waqas Raza*, Misbah Iqbal Qamar
...ial growth reduction and inhibition percentage of P. infestans and F. oxysporum in dual culture assay significantly higher by T. harzianum HK as compared to all other isolates. Furthermore, pot experiments conducted with carbon rich compost inoculated with Trichoderma strains with pathogens inoculums provided most effective control as compared with nitrogen rich compost and nutrient enriched compost. These results suggested the potential of Trichoderma spp. fo...
Mohammed Al Bratty1,*, Hassan A. Alhazmi1,2, Desam Nagarjuna Reddy3, Abdul Jabbar Al-Rajab3, Sadique A. Javed1 and Zia ur Rehman1,4
...sitive bacteria (zone of inhibition: 16.3±0.35–30.6±0.11 mm; MICs: 1–4 μg/ml); while gram negative bacteria (zone of inhibition: 10.1±0.23–17.2±0.13 mm; MICs: 4–16 μg/ml) and yeasts (zone of inhibition: 9.1±0.23–18.7±0.10 mm; MICs: 2–16 μg/ml) showed comparatively lower susceptibility to propolis extract...
Li-na Li1, Sheng Li2, Ping Gui3, Jing-hui Li1, Fen Ai4,* and Li-li Cai1,*
Nazish Mazhar Ali1, Asma Ashraf 2*, Iram Liaqat2, Bushra Mazhar2, Shaukat Ali2 and Saiqa Andleeb3
...ine (SAH-5) with zone of inhibition of about 16mm in diameter while the bacterial isolate Staphylococcus sp. (BS6) showed minimum sensitivity against Propyl-diamine (SAH-16) and Ethylamine cinnamaldehyde derivative (SAHC-7) compounds with 1mm diameter of zone of inhibition under optimum growth conditions i.e., optimum pH and temperature. Antibacterial activity of leaf extract of Azadirachta indica (Neem ...
Qi Ren, Shufeng Sun, Chen Niu, Yuhong Li, Yingzhi Chong, Biao Li, Guoying Zheng and Fumin Feng*
...se results indicate that inhibition of methylation can reduce cell damage. The promoter region hypermethylation of the CYP1A1 gene were related to its low mRNA levels.
...
Shagufta Naz1, Ayesha Javed1, Ayesha Saleem1, Khadija Murtaza1, Rukhama Haq1, Akbar Hayat2 and Neelma Munir1,*
...nolic content, sprouting inhibition, physiological weight loss, pyruvate analysis and sugar contents. Gamma radiation affected these parameters at higher doses but at 0.5 kGy no significant change was observed. 0.5 kGy prouting was inhibited and microflora was reduced at this dose without affecting its nutritional and sensory qualities. So, it was proved to be the best optimized dose was 0.5kGy.
...
Beenish Zahid*1,2,7, Javed Iqbal Qazi2, Amir Zohaib2, Asim Aslam3, Raheela Akhter3, Haleema Sadia4, Qurat ul Ain5, Razia Sultana6, Irfan Irshad3 and Sobia Alyas7
...on and haemagglutination inhibition test. Virus isolation rate of NDV from cloacal swab was 12% (6/50) and from oropharygeal swab was 8% (4/50). The 238-bp region of F gene of NDV was amplified by using specific primers of reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Out of 50 field samples 11 cloacal swabs (34%), were positive and out of 50, nine oropharyngeal swabs (18%) were positive for NDV through RT-PCR. DNA sequencing was performed by ampli...
Muhammad Naeem Khan* and Asad Jan
...6±0.53 mm zone of inhibition, respectively which was analogous to that of cefixime, used as standard drug. In case of antifungal activity MCE hindered the growth of Fusarium oxysporum effectively, causing 19.3±0.41 mm zone of inhibition, while the activity of other solvent was moderate. ...
Muhammad Furqan Shahid1*, Tahir Yaqub1, Muhammad Yasin Tipu2, Asim Aslam2, Saima Yaqub1, Aziz-ul-Rahman3, Muzaffar Ali1
... varied hemagglutination inhibition results (4log2 to 15log2) when cross reacted with different antigens, suggesting H9N2 viruses are circulating with different antigenic characteristics. Sero-biochemical analysis of blood collected at 7th DPI revealed an increase in aspartate amino transaminase (246-308 U/L), alanine amino transferase (31-58 U/L) and blood urea nitrogen (11.21-22.58 mg/dl).
...
Umer Iqbal1,* and Tariq Mukhtar2
...cides caused significant inhibition of the fungus over control. Maximum individual inhibition of growth of the fungus was recorded with Benomyl (83.89%) followed by Carbendazim (79.11%) at a concentration of 150 ppm. Copper oxychloride at a concentration of 50 ppm gave the minimum inhibition (12.50%). Concentrations also had significant inhibitory effects on the growth of the fungus. All t...
Hong-mei Gao, Wen-long Su, Gui-bin Tao, Han-yang Li, Wen-zheng Cao and Zhi-dong Qiu*
Tian-Yi Zhao1, Zi-Qing Liu2, Shu-Fei Ma3, Bo-Yang1, Fan-Fan Guo1 and Ming-Hua Duan1*
...ll proliferation, growth inhibition rate and apoptosis. In order to assess the spatial learning and memory abilities of AD rats, Morris water maze model was applied in vivo, and the activity of the NF-κB signaling pathway and concentrations of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β were measured. The results demonstrated that biatractylolide can reduce apoptosis in hippocampal cells, prevent and improve the cognitive decline induced by Aβ, prevent the mo...
Irfan Shahzad Sheikh, Masroor Ahmad Bajwa, Nadeem Rashid, Muhammad Zahid Mustafa, Mohammad Masood Tariq*, Majed Rafeeq, Abdul Samad, Tauseef M Asmat and Asad Ullah
...day 42. Hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay was performed against Newcastle disease virus on a weekly basis, whilst a hemagglutination (HA) assay was performed to determine immunity against total sheep red blood cell (SRBC) , mercaptoethanol-2 resistant (IgG) and mercaptoethanol-2 sensitive (IgM) antibodies on weeks 3, 4, 5 and 6. Lymphoid organ weight showed non-significant difference (P>0.05), with numerically higher weight in immune modulator groups. ...
Sana Aslam1, Wayne Thomas Shier2 and Imran Sajid1*
...strains exhibited strong inhibition against a broad range of pathogenic test organisms. The partial purification and metabolite profiling using ultra performance liquid chomatography and mass spectrometric (UPLC-MS) analysis suggested the presence of a variety of bioactive compounds including totarol, kifunensine, talaromycin and clausine F. These results indicated that Kallar Kahar Lake harbors a significant diversity of actinobacterial strains which are able...
Boxin Dou, Ying Liu*, Yumeng Liu, Lili Fan, Yongqiang Ma, and Yanguo Shi
.... A new peptide with ACE inhibition properties was obtained by using alkaline protease to enzymatic hydrolysis of RB crude protein purified by ultrafiltration, size exclusion chromatography and RP-HPLC. Using consecutive chromatographic techniques successively, the acidic hydrolysates of RB proteins were fractionated and the new ACE inhibitory triplet was isolated and identified. The amino acid sequence of the ACEI was identified as Ile-Thr-Leu or Leu-Thr-Ile....
Asim Faraz1*, Abdul Waheed1, Muhammad Mudasser Nazir2, Aneela Hameed3, Nasir Ali Tauqir4, Riaz Hussain Mirza1, Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq1, Rana Muhammad Bilal5
...cin causes milk ejection inhibition. OT injections cause increased OT blood levels which results in the prolonged myoepithelial and alveolar contractions that ultimately increase milk yield. Milk composition especially protein, fat, lactose and mineral concentration are influenced by exogenous OT administration. It affects the cell maintenance and mammary metabolism along with its proven physiological role in the milk ejection reflex. OT effects are not manife...
Ambrin1*, Ghulam Dastagir1, Jehan Bakht2 and Muhammad Adil1
...ured the highest zone of inhibition against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi. The MIC values of ethyl acetate and ethanolic extracts of Z. mauritiana var. spontanea were the lowest for Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Shigella flexneri and Staphylococcus aureus. Highest zone of inhibition against Klebsiella p...
Neelam Pery*, Nayab Batool Rizvi, Muhammad Imtiaz Shafiq
... harmful effects of JAK2 inhibition.
Majeeda Rasheed1*, Tanveer Akhtar1, Nadia Mukhtar2, Muhammad Furqan Shahid2, Muhammad Imran3, Saima Yaqub2
Feng-Mei Yang1, Rui Li2, Xiu-Xue Hu3, Yong Liang4, Bo Gao3* and Wei Chen3*
...blot; cell proliferation inhibition rates (CPIR) of HSF were obtained by MTT, and HSF apoptosis was detected using Flow Cytometry (FCM). UVB irradiations significantly inhibit HSF growth, showing positive correlation with the increasing of CPIRs and apoptotic rates; The relative expression levels of β-catenin and Senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30) gene in UVB treated group were significantly lower than that of the control group; Gene expression levels a...
Tahseen Ullah* and Noor ul Amin
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Medicinal Plant Extracts
... bacteria. The ANOVA for inhibitions zones indicates the effect of plants, bacteria strains, and concentration on growth of bacteria in the bacteria growth culture medium and their interactions. The plants crude extracts were having significant effects on the bacterial growth in bacteria growth medium while bacterial strains and concentrations have also significant affected the bacteria growth and zone of inhibitions by diff...
Abida Parveen1, Sajid Aleem Khan1, Nazir Javed1, Anam Moosa1*, Khushboo Javaid1, Hina Safdar1 and Asma Safdar2
...oduced 100% egg hatching inhibition at standard ‘S’ concentration. Plant growth was significantly enhanced in plants treated with MO extracts, SK and their combinations compared to MI treated control plants. The total number of infective juveniles/g root and soil, galls, egg masses, females were highest in MI treated plants while lowest in plants treated with a combination of MI + SK + aqueous MO + ethanolic MO after 60 days of inoculation. SK and ...
Wajahat Azeem1,*, Tariq Mukhtar1 and Tooba Hamid2
...sed significant hatching inhibition and larval mortality of M. incognita. The hatching inhibition and mortality was the maximum at 100% concentrations of both the agents while the minimum inhibition and mortality was obtained at 25% concentration. No statistical difference was observed between T. harzianum and A. indica in causing hatching inhi...
Syeda Farzana Bibi* and Siraj ud Din
Unraveling the Bioherbicidal Potential, Elemental Analysis and Nutritional Evaluation of Crataeva adansonii Dc Leaf and Bark
...e form of dose-dependent inhibition of frond growth. Ethanolic extract of C. adansonii exhibited 30% inhibition at 1000 μl concentration, and at the same concentration, the bark extract inhibited the frond growth by 40%. The pharmacognostic evaluation of this medicinal drug will be supportive in the detection of adulteration and quality control. Due to the herbicidal potential, it can be used in the agricultural industry....
Yihong Tian, Yongmei Qi*, Sajid Naeem, Ke Gao and Yingmei Zhang*
... and durations. However, inhibition of autophagy by 3-MA rescued the survival of Hela cells. This study demonstrated that the potential effect of spermidine on decreasing the survival of Hela cells is attributable to autophagy induction.
...
Neelam Pery1*, Fatima Ijaz1, Nayab Batool Rizvi1, Munawar Ali Munawar1 and Muhammad Imtiaz Shafiq2*
...ch show appreciable dual inhibition in enzyme assays. To our knowledge, this is the first-ever report on dual JAK3/BTK inhibitors.
...
Yujun Zhao and Jianping Fan*
...ation, the proliferation inhibition rate of cells processed with Kanglaite injection (10, 20 and 40 μL/mL) significantly increased (p <0.05), the apoptosis rate increased (p <0.05), the expression of Bcl-2 protein decreased (p <0.05), the expression of Bax protein significantly increased (p <0.05), and the activity of Caspase-3 and Caspase-8 increased (p <0.05) in a dose-dependent manner. Hence, this can be ...
Yaqiu Liu1, Zhijian Wang 2, Xinhui Li 1*, Jianrong Zhao2 and Weitao Chen 1
...50) with gut respiratory inhibition; and an air-exposed group (n = 50) with gill respiratory inhibition. After a 7 d acclimation for the inhibited and air-exposed groups, individuals were returned to the same conditions as the control group for a further 3 d acclimation. The catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the gill and gut in P. dabryanus were examined in all three groups after the 7 d stress...
Muhammad Faisal Ayoob1,2, Zaheer Ahmed Nizamani1, Asghar Ali Kamboh3, Mansoor Ayoob4, Waseem Ali Vistro3 and Abdul Sattar Baloch3*
... pulp. Haemagglutination inhibition titer of all experimental groups was found higher on day 21 as compared to day 0 and 7. Taken together, experimental data showed the susceptibility of Japanese quails and mynas to experimental intramuscular and oral inoculation with VVND virus. Moreover, clinical VVND does not occur in Japanese quails upon contact exposure to VVND virus infected chickens although there is sero-conversion.
...
Shikang Deng1,2, Yan Jin2, Jing Xu2, Xiufang Zhu2, Pinghai Hu2, Jiao Li2, Li Zhang2 and Jianzhong Tang2,*
Saad A. Moussa1, Mohammed Ahmed Mahmoud Abdullah2*, Mahmoud Saied1, Mustafa Saleh1, Mohamed A. Soliman2 and Ali Mahmoud Zanaty2
...d also haemagglutination inhibition in case of using NDV reference antiserum, As well as realtime polymerase chain reaction by using standardized NDV specific primers and finally eight viruses were selected for further sequencing for the partial fusion protein, The eight NDVs isolates of velogenic genotype VII and contain the unique cleavage site motif 112RRQKRF117 with high relation to very virulent NDV Chinese strain Chicken /China/SDWF07/2011 strain with nu...
Asma Chaudhary1, Qurat-ul-Ain Ahmad1, Afia Muhammad Akram1, Sadia Roshan2 and Javed Iqbal Qazi3*
...x isolates showed better inhibition by well as well as disk diffusion methods with maximum growth inhibition zones i.e., 15 and 17 mm by Sphingomonas sp. AsCh-P3 and Bacillus aerius AsCh-A7 respectively. Six probiotic bacterial isolates of known enumeration (C.F.U.ml-1) showed growth antagonism for the fish pathogen with inocula comprising of less number of C.F.U.ml-1. Highest survi...
Saba Afzal1, Sohail Raza1,*, Masood Rabbani1, Sehrish Firyal2, Imran Altaf1 and Zahra Naeem1
...s determined using viral inhibition assays and median tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50). The results showed that 2.5 µM concentration of the ivermectin is non-toxic to the Vero cells. At this concentration, PPRV titre was significantly reduced (p < 0.001) by two log to 103.0 TCID50/0.1 mL as compared to virus control 105.5 TCID50/0.1 mL. Moreover, the ivermectin exposure after the vir...
Qaiser Shakeel1*, Rabia Tahir Bajwa1, Yasir Iftikhar2, Mustansar Mubeen2, Muhammad Luqman3, Waqas Ashraf1 and Ifrah Rashid4
...h 87% of mycelial growth inhibition followed by moringa with 82%, the best concentration is 100mg/mL. Besides, Ridomil gold showed the most effective control against ginger soft rot with 84% of mycelial inhibition growth among all the tested fungicides. And found that protective treatment had a best effect than curative treatment. These results revealed that plants are rich source of metabolites with a wide range of antifung...
Misbah Ali1, Safdar Ali1, Muhammad Ahmad Zeshan2*, Rana Binyamin3, Nadeem Ahmed4, Muhammad Usman Ghani5 and Awais Ahmed Khan2
...de by showing 88% fungal inhibition while Native also exhibited good results by showing 78.1% fungal inhibition. The remaining 2 fungicides Melody Duo and Aliette were least effective by showing 48.2% and 37.5% fungal inhibition, respectively. In vivo experiment from all four fungicides, Cabrio Top and Nativo showed best results by controlling 74.57% and 71.52%, respectively disease over c...
Hesham M. Abd El Halim1, Maysa M. Hegazy1,2, Aishah Alatawi3, Imtiaz Ali Khan4 and Munawar Saleem Ahmad5*
...otent in the cell growth inhibition. The calculated LC50 were 120 µM and 200 µM for golden piller and galangal, respectively. Both plant extracts significantly reduced the gene expression levels of chitinase genes and SFbtl (p<0.05) following 72h of exposure to LC50. This work provides evidence of a viable use of these botanical extracts for pest control as well as highlight the mode of action during the process of chitin f...
NawalM. Abdulla1, M. Haroun1*,Mohamed A. Shalaby2and Ahmed A. Elsanousi2
... (HA), haemagglutination inhibition (HI) and mean death time
(MDT)used in the investigation to reveal virus identity and pathogenicity. Both NDV
isolates were found to be velogenic strains. Real time reverse transcriptase polymerase
chain reaction (rRT-PCR) used as a confirmatory technique, successfully amplified and
detected cDNA fragments corresponding to the NDV RNA extracted from amnioallantoic
fl...
Sallam A.A.A.1, Hoda M.A.Waziri2,E. K .F. Elbeshehy1, SamiaI.Massoud,1 and Abeer M. Abo El-Wafa2.
... The percentage of virus inhibition induced by GE and OE varied according
to the time of treatment (1, 2 and 3 days).GE was more effective in reducing the
percentage of infection produced by BBMV on faba bean plantsthan did OE.
... 
