Impact of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on Immunity of the Broiler Chicken, Shedding Pattern and Organ Colonization of Salmonella Enteritidis and Clostridium perfringens as Direct Fed Microbial in Broiler Chicken
Impact of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on Immunity of the Broiler Chicken, Shedding Pattern and Organ Colonization of Salmonella Enteritidis and Clostridium perfringens as Direct Fed Microbial in Broiler Chicken
Muhammad Arshad Iqbal*, Aamir Ghafoor, Irfan Ahmad, Muhammad Ijaz
ABSTRACT
In Pakistan, poultry is an important sector with a significant contribution to the national GDP. However, there are several diseases that impact poultry health. The Salmonella Enteritidis can cause systemic infection in chicks and laying hens with prolonged faecal shedding. C. perfringens cause necrotic enteritis (NE) which instigated extreme economic losses and usually occur in broiler chicken. Use of AGP in Poultry feed has several negative implications involving public health concerns and trade restrictions. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens has been investigated as potential probiotic. The study involves the evaluation of competitive exclusion ability of B. amyloliquefaciens against S. Enteritidis and Cl. perfringens. A total of 180 commercial broiler chickens were obtained from local hatchery and were reared for 42 days. Three groups (A, B, C) of birds were divided into 3 subgroups with 20 birds in each group. Group A (-ve control) received diet without AGP or probiotic. Group B (+ve control) was fed with AGP. Group C was probiotic feed supplemented with B. amyloliquefaciens. All subgroups 1 were kept non-challenged, at day 21, subgroups 2 were challenged with 1x105 CFU of S. Enteritidis and subgroup 3 were challenged with 1x105 CFU of Cl. perfringens, orally. Humoral immunity was evaluated against Newcastle disease virus by using Hemagglutination inhibition test. ChIFN-gamma ELISA was also performed. Shedding pattern post challenge was evaluated thorough cloacal swabs and evaluation of tissue tropism pattern of bacteria through dilution method. 4 birds/ group were slaughtered at d35 and d42, liver, spleen, intestine, and ceca were collected to observe organ colonization. Use of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens as feed additive decreased the shedding pattern of S. Enteritidis and Cl. Perfringens and may pave way for safe poultry rearing and addressing public health concerns associated with AGP.
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