Taghreed A. Hafiz1, Murad A. Mubaraki1*, Mohamed A. Dkhil2,3 and Saleh Al-Quraishy2
...ties of Capsicum annuum methanolic extracts. The extract of Capsicum annuum was prepared by maceration method and the total polyphenolic and flavonoids contents were determined using a spectrophotometric method. The antiradical scavenging property and the maximum nontoxic concentration of the extract was determined using DPPH assay and MTT method, respectively. Serial concentrations of the extract not exceed the maximum nontoxic concentration were used ag...
Iram Liaqat1*, Najma Arshad2, Muhammad Arshad3, Safdar Ali Mirza4, Nazish Mazhar Ali1 and Ammara Shoukat1
...activity of aqueous and methanolic plant extracts of Camellia sinensis (Green tea), Syzygium aromaticum (Clove) and Mentha piperita (Peppermint) was evaluated against identified isolates. Agar well diffusion assay was used to monitor the antimicrobial activity of these strains both in mono culture and mixed culture. Streptomycin sulphate (10 μgml-1) and Amphotericin B (5 mgml-1) were used as positive controls. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and mini...
Antibacterial Activity by Chlorogenic Acid Isolated through Resin from Apricot (Prunus Armeniaca L.)
Ahmed Mujtaba1, Tariq Masud1, Asif Ahmad1, Waqar Ahmed3, Saqib Jabbar3* and Robert E. Levin2
... activities. The aqueous ethanolic extract having 968.125 µg/ml of chlorogenic acid inhibited significantly the growth of tested bacterial strains. Among the bacterial strain tested Salmonella entritidis and Helicobacter pylori were even more sensitive to 20.313 (µg/ml) of chlorogenic acid and showed zone of inhibition with the value of 6.0 and 7.0 mm. The HPLC analysis of apricot suggested that 5.0 gm of apricot contain 1.04 µg...
Sujoy Mondal and S. S. Ghatak
Bioefficacy of some indigenous plant extracts against epilachna beetle (Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata Fabr.) infesting cucumber
...of Annona squamosa with methanol as solvent in controlling epilachna beetle, Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata, Fabr; Both Neem Azal and seed extracts of Annona squamosa were used at 4ml, 5ml and 6ml (per Lt. of water) while this was 1ml, 2ml and 3ml (per Lt. of water) in case of petroleum ether extract of rhizome of Acorus calamus. Endosulfan 35 EC was used at 1ml, 1.5ml and 2ml (per Lt. of water) to compare the efficacy of plant products. Results of the exp...
Fariha Imtiaz1, Muhammad Islam1, Hamid Saeed2,*, Bushra Saleem1, Maryam Asghar1 and Zikria Saleem2
...leum ether, chloroform, methanol, ethanol and distilled water) using hot and cold extraction methods. Phytochemical analysis of leaves was performed on powder and extracts of leaves using already reported methods. Mineral analysis was done using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Hair growth promoting effects were examined using alopecia mouse model. Phytochemical analysis demonstrated the presence of higherquantities of c...
Ayesha Ilyas1, Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan2,* and Abdul Qadir1,*
...orm, petroleum ether and ethanol were used for extraction from leaves. Amongst the various treatments applied, the acetone extract of D. alba showed the highest repellency of 84.14%, whereas, the lowest repellency of 10.73% was observed by the chloroform extract of T. peruviana. Significant ovipositional deterrent effects of the extracts applied have been observed. Maximum oviposition inhibition was shown by petroleum ether extract of A. indic...
Saba Irshad1,*, Ayesha Ashfaq1, Ammara Muazzam1 and Abida Yasmeen2
...ious wounds. Their crude ethanol and methanol extracts were tested against five important bacterial and fungal strains. Both extracts showed maximum antibacterial activity against B. subtilis, E. coli and S. aureus. All alcoholic extracts were competent enough to reduce the growth rate of M. canis and A. flavus up to 35%, with no inhibitory influence on Candida species and F. sola...
Asim Gulzar1,*, Ather Maqsood1, Munir Ahmed1, Muhammad Tariq1, Muhammad Ali2 and Rahmatullah Qureshi3
.... The result showed that ethanol based extract was the most effective to control the H. armigera followed by the ethyl acetate. The sublethal concentration of ethanol based extract of C. colocynthis increased larval and pupal duration as compared with control. The percent pupation, adult emergence and pupal weight decreased in treated populations as compared with control populations. The results of this ...
Jiandong Wu, Miao Ye and Zaigui Wang*
... with corn silk over 60% ethanol ratio of 1:30. Then, the AB-8 resin was selected for the purification of flavonoids due to the higher static adsorption and adsorption capacity than other resins. The optimum conditions for purifying flavonoids as follows: for adsorption, sample concentration was 2.542 mg·mL-1, pH was 3.7, processing volume was 4 BV; flow rate was 2 BV·h-1; temperature was 25°C. For desorption, elution so...
Müge Aliye Hekimoğlu*, Cüneyt Süzer,Şahin Saka andKürşat Firat
...nt anaesthetics 2-phenoxyethanol and clove oil on the sedation of some aquarium fish species. The induction and recovery times were determined at five stages of melanistic and not melanistic clownfish (Amphiprion ocellaris) and different sexes of Swordfish (Xiphophorus helleri). Clownfish were tested with 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 ml/l phenoxyethanol and 0.5, 1 and 1.5 ml/l clove oil. Swordfish were tested with 1, 3 and...
Abdul Rehman Roonjho*, Waseem A. Gillani**, Awais Rasool**, Naheed Akhtar**, Tariq Mahmood**, Arsalan A.***, M. Afzal*, Iqbal Khan* , M. Asghar Ranjha**** , M. Irfan**** and Javed Khan**
REPELLENCY EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT PLANT EXTRACTS TO COTTON MEALY BUG, TINSLEY (HEMIPTERA: PSEUDOCOCCIDAE)
...oleum ether, acetone and ethanol were evaluated at the concentration of 1000, 500 and 250 ppm against cotton mealy bug ( ) in a free choice bioassay for two weeks. The ethanol extract of was the most effective against cotton mealy bug having highest repellency (72.5%) at 500 ppm dose. The lowest average repellency (26.3 %) was observed in acetone extract of at 500 ppm dose....
Felicia NkechiEkeh*, Ifeanyi Oscar Ndimkaoha Aguzie, Joy Ihuoma Nzei, Chinenye Maria-Goretti Ohanu, Godwin Ikechukwu Ngwu and ChukwudiebubeUgolo
Habib-ur-Rehman1*, Saima Mirza1*, Mansoor-ul-Hasan2, Qurban Ali3, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir4, Muhammad Yasir5
...r solvents viz.; methanol, chloroform, petroleum ether and n-hexane separately. Periodic analysis for the repellent effects was carried by impregnating each filter paper (half-disc of filter papers) with micropipette at three concentrations (5, 10 and15%) of each of the plant extract. The repellence was recorded after 24, 48 and 72 h of the treatments application. The findings of experimental trials presented significant mean repellency 79.15% of T
Abdur Rehman1* and Shad Khan Khalil2
..., potassium nitrate and methanol are considered to induce drought tolerance in plants. Field trials were conducted at Agricultural Research Institute Tarnab, Peshawar-Pakistan to study the effects of moisture stress and foliar application of chemicals at different growth stages on canola growth and phenology during 2015-16 and 2016-17. The experiment comprised of four moisture levels (optimum water, 10%, 20% and 30% reduced irrigation water), three chemicals (...
Ammara Afzal1, Tazmeen Fatima1, Maham Tabassum1, Muhammad Nadeem2*, Muhammad Irfan3, Quratulain Syed2
... efficient production of ethanol in separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) process. Fungal strains of Saccharomyces cervisae, Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma koninji and Trichoderma harzianum was used for subsequent process using saw dust as substrate. Three major processes convert lignocelluloses to bioethanol i.e. pretreatment of biomass, enz...
Nimra Naseer, Adeela Fatima and Imran Sajid*
...olite profiling of each methanolic extract by TLC and HPLC-UV signified the presence of unique and diverse metabolic compounds. The study predicts that the seactinomycetes strains are a potential resource to cope up with evolving multi drug resistant pathogens. Furthermore, these secondary metabolites can be identified by comparative studies and these actinomycetes can be grown on larger scale to obtain high yield of potentially useful secondary metabolites.
Mehwish Aftab, Tariq Mahmud*, Muhammad Asim Raza Basra, Aqsa Gulzar, Sumaira Basharat and H.M. Junaid
...nd Lysine together using ethanol as a solvent. The Schiff base was isolated and further reacted with Ce(NO3)3.6H2O and La(NO3)3.6H2O, to afford their respective complexes. FTIR, 1H NMR, UV-Vis and ICP techniques were used the characterization and structure elucidation of the prepared Schiff base and its La (III) and Ce (III) complexes. The proposed geometries of the complexes were est...
Asma Sohail1*, Kashif Sarfraz Abbasi1, Maryum Arif2 and Fatima Najam1
...thyl acetate, n-hexane, methanol, diethyl ether and chloroform in which ethyl acetate yielded 53% oil. Pumpkin seed oil was encapsulated using gel entrapment i.e. extrusion method and indirect diffusion method using Ca-alginate. Pumpkin seed oil macrospheres showed 91.9 % encapsulation efficiency and 63.0 % loading capacity by direct extrusion method. However, indirect or diffusion method showed 43.0 % and 24.7 %. These results showed that direct method of enc...
Nadia Khan1*, Abdul Waheed1, Farrukh Siyar Hamid1, Naveed Ahmed1, Zafar Iqbal2, Seemab Ali1, Madiha Bashir1 and Hina Gul3
...alysis reveals that the methanolic fraction of oil possesses metabolites like carbohydrates, amino acids, alkaloids, flavonoids and glycosides. To test the antibacterial activity of the extracted seed oil, Agar well diffusion assay was employed. Effectiveness of the oil against selected bacterial species was measured in terms of zone of inhibition in millimeters. Amoxicillin was used as a positive control. The results showed that Clavibacter sp. and E. coli ex...
Zubair Ahmed#, Muhammad Farhanullah Khan, Habiballah Rana*
Toxicological effects of Haloxylon recurvum Bunge ex Boiss (Khar Boti) whole plant extract and novel insecticide chlorantraniliprole against maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky
...r />
toxicity of crude methanol extract of whole plant of Haloxylon recurvum (Khar boti)
and a novel insecticide chlorantraniliprole. A serial concentration of extract i.e.,
1.2%, 2.4%, 3.6%, 4.8%, 6.0% and insecticide 0.00224%, 0.00448%, 0.00896%,
0.01792%, 0.02688%, respectively, were topically applied to adult S. zeamais.
Contact toxicity assayed by topical application showed that 3.6% concentration of
H. recurvum plant e...
and a novel insecticide chlorantraniliprole. A serial concentration of extract i.e.,
1.2%, 2.4%, 3.6%, 4.8%, 6.0% and insecticide 0.00224%, 0.00448%, 0.00896%,
0.01792%, 0.02688%, respectively, were topically applied to adult S. zeamais.
Contact toxicity assayed by topical application showed that 3.6% concentration of
H. recurvum plant e...
Raazia Kiran1, Alya Riaz1, Muhammad Irfan1*, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir2
An overview of pre-treatment methods used for bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomasses into valuable products
...n (2G) or cellulosic bio-ethanol is produced from the
biomass in three main steps that are pre-treatment, hydrolysis, and fermentation.
The pre-treatment method involves the use of different physical processes i.e., size
reduction, steaming or boiling, ultrasonication, and bursting, chemical methods i.e.,
solvents, acids, salts, bases, the physicochemical processes include liquid hot
water and AFEX (ammonium fibre explosion),...
biomass in three main steps that are pre-treatment, hydrolysis, and fermentation.
The pre-treatment method involves the use of different physical processes i.e., size
reduction, steaming or boiling, ultrasonication, and bursting, chemical methods i.e.,
solvents, acids, salts, bases, the physicochemical processes include liquid hot
water and AFEX (ammonium fibre explosion),...
Atiq-ur-Rehman1,2,*, Abida Latif1,*, Rukhsana Anwar1, Nasir Abbas1, Sajid Nawaz2 and Hamid Turab Mirza3
...of various fractions of methanolic extract of the aerial parts of this plant. Various fractions (n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol) from the most active methanolic extract were prepared. Hypoglycemic potential was investigated by α-amylase inhibitory assay. Different concentrations of fractions (20-100 µg/ml) were subjected to in vitro α-amylase inhibitory assay. Assessment of anti-hy...
Muhammad Muddassir Ali1,2 and İbrahim Hakkı Ciğerci1,*
...s of T. turcica. Methanol extracts showed the highest DNA damage (20±1) at 200 µg/ml concentration and 11.67±2.52 at 50 µg/ml. Ethanol extracts showed the 2nd highest DNA damage (19±2)at 200 µg/ml concentration and 11 ±1at 50 µg/ml. While least was observed in the hexane extract (10.33±1.15; 6±2) at both concentrations, respectively. All grou...
Mirza Imran Shahzad1, Hina Ashraf2,*, Muhammad Arshad3, Sabeeha Parveen4, Amna Aslam4, Nargis Naz4, Zahid Kamran1, Sumbul Gohar Khalid5, Sajid Hameed1, Muhammad Ashfaq6 and Muhammad Mukhtar7
... antiviral potential of methanolic extracts of eleven selected Cholistani plants against New Castle Disease Virus (NDV)-LaSota strain. All of these plants were reported for their different pharmacological activities but their antiviral potentials were not known before. The methanolic extracts were made and concentrated by rotary evaporator and finally dissolved in distilled water before taking their antiviral trials in 7-11 ...
Saira Zaheer1, Abrar Hussain1*, Aqsa Khalil1, Muhammad Mansha1, Muhammad Lateef2
..., 2, 4, 6 and 8 mg/ml of ethanolic extract and motility of the worms was examined after every two to eight hours. Both A. lebbeck and C. sinensis exhibited 88% and 95% mortality at 6 & 8 mg/ml after 8 hrs of treatment. In conclusion, the ethanolic extracts of A. lebbeck L. and C. sinensis L. showed in vitro anthelmintic activity against H. contortus at concentration...
Sabi-Ur-Rehman1, Anwar Khalid2, Qazi Najam Us Saqib3, Farooq Ahmad1, Shaheed-Ur-Rehman4, Neelam Zaman3, Ayeza Mehmood5 and Abdul Samad6*
...al screening of aqueous methanolic extracts as well as crude saponins isolated from leaves and roots of Sarcococca saligna, using disc diffusion method. The tested bacterial strains include, B. subtilis, E. coli, S. aureus, P. fluorescens and fungal strains were Aspergillus. niger, A. flavus, and D. turcica. The maximum zones of inhibition, 23.00±0.56 mm and 25.00±0.50 mm was given by ethyl acetate fraction of leaves against P. fluorescens and A....
Hafiz Abdul Ghafoor*, Muhammad Afzal, Muhammad Asam Riaz and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed
...ent study evaluated the methanolic extracts and essential oils of eight indigenous plant species for their insecticidal potential against 2nd instar D. mangiferae individuals. Standard twig-dip method was used for toxicity bioassays according to Completely Randomized Design. Mortality of mealybug individuals varied with plant materials and increased along with the extract concentration and exposure time. Botanical extracts of Azadirachta i...
Mohammed Al Bratty1,*, Hassan A. Alhazmi1,2, Desam Nagarjuna Reddy3, Abdul Jabbar Al-Rajab3, Sadique A. Javed1 and Zia ur Rehman1,4
...ical constituents of the ethanolic extract was evaluated by GC-MS. The ethanolic extract was tested against selected strains of microorganisms for its antibacterial and antifungal activities. The major classes of compounds indentified in the extract were fatty acid esters and aliphatic hydrocarbons. Methyl-(7Z)-7-hexadecenoate, methyl-(9E)-octadecenoate and methyl tetracosanoate were found to be the principal fatty acid este...
Nazish Mazhar Ali1, Asma Ashraf 2*, Iram Liaqat2, Bushra Mazhar2, Shaukat Ali2 and Saiqa Andleeb3
...lant) was also checked. Methanol is used as a standard against which all the pathogenic bacterial isolates showed resistance. The minimum sensitivity showed by Staphylococcus sp. (BS4C) with the zone of inhibition of about 2mm in diameter while the maximum sensitivity showed by Staphylococcus sp. (BS6) with zone of inhibition of 8mm. MIC test of four different kinds of honey was also performed. Different honeys showed different results. For all t...
Muhammad Shahzad Akbar*, Maria Aslam, Muhammad Rehan Khalid, Shahid Iqbal, Muhammad Luqman and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed
...aluated the toxicity of methanolic extracts of eight flowers i.e. Mexican marigold (Tagetes lucida), African marigold (Tegates erecta), tecoma (Tecoma stans), calendula (Calendula officinalis), basil (Ocimum basilicum), oxeye daisy (Leucanthemum vulgare), lily (Lilium longiflorum) and chrysanthemum (Glebionis segetum) against the worker individuals of subterranean termite Odontotermes obesus (Isoptera: Termitidae). Bioassays were conducted using filter paper d...
Muhammad Naeem Khan* and Asad Jan
...hemical constituents of methanolic crude extract (MCE) and various solvent fractions and in-vitro antimicrobial activities of whole plant of D. botrys. Qualitative phytochemical screening of MCE and solvent fractions of D. botrys showed the presence of alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and sterols, however in n-hexane fraction (HxF) only flavonoids and saponins were detected. In quantitative analysis, among all the solvents, ethyl acetate fract...
Sobia Nazir1, Muhammad Irfan1*, Muhammad Nadeem2, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir3*, Muhammad Khan3, Shaukat Ali4, Quratulain Syed2
...ry, textile industry and ethanol production.
...
Saleha Ashfaq1, Manzoor Hussain1, Nazish Bibi2, Jan Alam1, Muhammad Junaid2 and Sabi-Ur-Rehman3*
...vity was studied in the methanolic extract using brine shrimp’s lethality assay. All the extracts showed significant biological activity against Gram positive, Gram negative bacteria and selected fungal strains. Acetone, chloroform and methanolic extracts showed maximum activity i-e 39mm, 44mm and 35mm followed by ethyl acetate 27mm and n-hexane 26mm against microorganisms studied. Standard antibiotics were used as a p...
Erum Yawar Iqbal1*, Ashfaque Ahmed Nahiyoon1, Shahnaz Dawar2 and Shahina Fayyaz1
..., bacterial culture and methanol extract in in vitro and green house condition have been exploited. The results have shown that different formulants of EPB produced significant effects on Aphid mortality, change in population density, population reduction and fecundity. Cell-free supernatant of new EPB species Xenorhabdus steinernematis n.sp. strain PAK. CB10 (KU097324) and the other X. indica PAK. S.B.56 (MF521953) resulted in both...
Irfan Shahzad Sheikh, Masroor Ahmad Bajwa, Nadeem Rashid, Muhammad Zahid Mustafa, Mohammad Masood Tariq*, Majed Rafeeq, Abdul Samad, Tauseef M Asmat and Asad Ullah
...od cell (SRBC) , mercaptoethanol-2 resistant (IgG) and mercaptoethanol-2 sensitive (IgM) antibodies on weeks 3, 4, 5 and 6. Lymphoid organ weight showed non-significant difference (P>0.05), with numerically higher weight in immune modulator groups. The vitamin E supplemented group had highest HI antibody titers (7.22±0.25, 7.36±0.18 and 6.55±0.38). In experiments 1 and 2, supplementation with immune m...
Rafia Sadaf1, Ishrat Younus2*, Sidra Maqbool2, Talha Bin Fayyaz3, Sarah Jameel Khan1, Sidra Siddique1 and Rida Fatima1
...anti-anxiety activity of ethanol extract of Pulsatilla nigricans leaves. The acute oral toxicity shows that, plant extract up to 5000 mg/kg produces no signs and symptoms related to toxicity and also no mortality was observed. Antianxiety activity of Pulsatilla nigricans was examined by using elevated plus-maze paradigm and hole-board paradigm in rats at two different doses i.e. 250 and 500 mg/kg, and significant anxiolytic effects were observed ...
Godwin Ikechukwu Ngwu1*, Maria Ifeyinwa Ngwu2, Fabian Chukwuemenam Okafor1, Aruh Ottah Anaga3 and Christopher Didigwu Nwani1
...study of the effects of methanolic crude extracts of Ipomoea stolonifera on 4th instars larvae of both laboratory-reared and field-collected Aedes aegypti were carried out. The 4th instars larvae of laboratory-reared and the field-collected A. aegypti mosquitoes were exposed to 5000mg/L, 2000 mg/L, 1000 mg/L, 500 mg/L, 100 mg/L, 50 mg/L of the extract. The solvent for the extract, dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) was used a...
Aamir Mushtaq1,2, Rukhsana Anwar1 and Mobasher Ahmad1,2,*
...l decay in brain parts. Methanolic extract of Pimpinella anisum (meP.a) dried seeds was explored qualitatively and quantitatively for analysis of phytoconstituents along with anti-oxidant activity. Anti-amnesic activity was found by behavioral and biochemical studies for which male albino mice were grouped into seven groups. Mice were subjected to elevated plus maze, hole board and light dark paradigm on (day 7th and 8th), for beha...
Ambrin1*, Ghulam Dastagir1, Jehan Bakht2 and Muhammad Adil1
...robes. Ethyl acetate and ethanolic extracts of Z. mauritiana var. spontanea measured the highest zone of inhibition against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi. The MIC values of ethyl acetate and ethanolic extracts of Z. mauritiana var. spontanea were the lowest for Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Shigella fle...
Md. Al-Amin Tan1, Mst. Antora Akter1, Md. Sabuj Rahman1, Marzia Rahman2 and Md. Mahmudul Alam1*
...Soap water scrubbing and ethanol spray followed by aqueous Chlorhexidine gluconate painting eliminated 100% bacterial load and kept the site aseptic for 60 min. On the other hand, alcoholic Chlorhexidine gluconate completely removed bacterial burden from the skin and maintained 90 min long aseptic condition of the operation site. Based on our findings, alcoholic Chlorhexidine gluconate was the best in producing an aseptic surgical field for a longer duration. ...
Muhammad Irfan*, Saeed Gul*, Mohammad Younas*, Babar Nawaz*, M. Ishfaq*, M. Amir Durrani*, Abid khan*
FERMENTATION OF SUGARCANE MOLASSES BY SACCHARAMYCES CEREVESIA: EFFECTS OF OPERATING PARAMETERS ON ETHANOL PRODUCTION
...molasses is converted to ethanol through fermentation process. A pilot plant has been designed and fabricated to investigate the effect ofprocess parameters for the sustainable production of ethanol from sugar cane m...
Saeed Gul*, Muhammad Irfan*, Hazrat Bilal*, Atta-ur-rehman*, Umair Khan*, Sadaqat ullah khan*
RECYCLING OF USED ENGINE OIL USING SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND DISTILLATION
...gine oil is a mixture of ethanol, 1- butanol and toluene. The effect of operating parameters on the recycling process has been investigated for optimal conditions. The process parameters considered were agitator speed for blending, boiler temperature and solvent to used oil ratio. The maximum recovery for refined oil was 72% using solvent to used oil ratio of 9:1 at a boiler temperature 120° C and agitator speed of 600 rpm. The maximum solvent recovery of ...
Arshad Ali1, Hashim Nisar Hashmi2
TREATMENT FEASIBILITY OF THE BLEACHING EFFLUENT OBTAINED FROM NSSC PULP AND PAPER MILL IN A UASB REACTOR
...re and neutral pH. Methanol as a source of an easily biodegradable substance along with an activated carbon of effective size 1.5-2.5mm was added to the reactor R-I to evaluate its efficiency. It was observed that corresponding to an OLR of 2.14kg-COD/m3-day the overall COD removal efficiency of the reactors R-I and R-II was 83% and 64%, respectively. And the AOX removal efficiency was noticed as 71% and 49% for reactor R-I and R-II, r...
Syeda Farzana Bibi* and Siraj-ud-Din
Fluorescence Analysis, Extractive Values and Cytotoxic Screening of Crataeva adansonii DC Leaf and Bark through Brine Shrimp Larvae Assay
...During the present study ethanolic extracts of leaf and bark parts of C. adansonii were evaluated through cytotoxic activity. Brine shrimp larvae assay was conducted for this purpose. Extractive values of leaf and bark parts were estimated using n-hexane, chloroform, ethanol, methanol, water, and ether as a solvent. 10g of plant powder was dissolved in 200 ml solvent during ...
Gregory Ejikeme Odo1,*, Juliana Ekenma Agwu1, Nkechi Nweze2, Clara Ikegbunam2,Felicia Ekeh N1, Vincent Ejere1, Ngozi Ezenwaji1, Reginald Njokuocha2, Godwin Ngwu1 and Fabian Okafor1
...physiological effects of ethanolic leaf extracts of Duranta erecta (L) in 48 albino wistar rats, Rattus norvegicususingbiochemical and haematological indicesof toxici
Safia Arbab1, Rehana Buriro1, Shams Uddin Bhugio1, Atta Hussain Shah2, Jamila Soomro3,Qudratullah Kalwar4, Saqib Ali Fazilani1 and Waseem Ali Vistro5*
...micro;l crude as well as ethanol extract of Aloe Vera were used. During this experiment, total 50 wound samples were collected from donkey wounds. All 50 samples were found contaminated with different bacterial organism, among all those 45, 35, 33, and 25 were recorded positive for S. aureus, E. coli, Shigella and Salmonella spp respectively. However, out of 50 sample, 34 (68%) were found to have different bacterial species and 16 (32%) were reco...
Rabab Rafaqat1, Habib Ahmed Rathore1, Tariq Masud2, Imran Hayat1* and Imtiaz Hussain1
Determination of Different Chemical Constituents of Fruit, Leaves and Oil of Olea cuspidata (Wild Olive) Grown at Rawalakot, Azad Jammu and Kashmir
...four different solvents (ethanol, methanol, acetone and water). Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of fruit and leaves extracts in these solvents were determined. Oil was extracted from wild olive fruit by the process of solvent extraction and was studied for physicochemical properties like refractive index, specific gravity, pH, free fatty acid, peroxide value, iodine value, saponification number...
Abida Parveen1, Sajid Aleem Khan1, Nazir Javed1, Anam Moosa1*, Khushboo Javaid1, Hina Safdar1 and Asma Safdar2
...pment of MI. Aqueous and ethanolic MO extracts were tested in combination with SK at three different concentrations and time intervals. After 12-h ‘S’ concentration of aqueous MOextract + ethanolic MO extract + SK produced 100% juvenile mortality while the treatment MO + SK caused the least juvenile mortality of MI. Juvenile mortality was increased in a time-dependent manner. Aqueous MO extract +
Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi1*, Olubumi Atolani2 and Gabriel Ademola Olatunji3
Toxicity Effect of Eucalyptus globulus on Pratylenchus spp. of Zea mays
... The Eucalyptus globulus ethanol extract fractions (ECSG/EtOH) showed moderate effect, while the chopped leaf materials used as soil amendment (ECSG/AMDM) exhibited the least potency among all the treatments. Spectroscopic analysis by GCMS revealed the presence of terpenoids and phenolics as major constituents of E. globulus. The essential oil showed the presence of 1,8-cineole (23.3%), citronella (18.1%), geranial (17.6%), isopulegol (10.4%), myrcene (13.0%),...
Syeda Farzana Bibi* and Siraj ud Din
Unraveling the Bioherbicidal Potential, Elemental Analysis and Nutritional Evaluation of Crataeva adansonii Dc Leaf and Bark
...ct a phytotoxic study of ethanolic extract of Crataeva adansonii DC. leaf and stem bark for assessment of its bioherbicidal potential. Elemental and nutritional analysis of the plant parts was also done to accentuate this plant’s use in the nutritional and agricultural industry. Elemental analysis of C. adansonii stem bark and leaf was assessed through atomic absorption spectrophotometry to detect ten essential macro and microelements, including Na, Ca, ...
Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Muhammad Shahzad Akbar1, Muhammad Afzal1, Muhammad Mustaqeem2, Muhammad Luqman3, Ijaz Asghar4 and Muhammada Asam Riaz1
...yle="font-size: small;">Methanolic extracts and essential oils of ten indigenous plant species were evaluated for their insecticidal and repellency potential against the subterranean termite Odontotermes obesus Ramb, a destructive insect pest of wooden infrastructures, agricultural crops, orchards and forest plantations. Standard filter paper disc method was used for both toxicity and repellency bioassays according to completely randomized design. The r...
Aneeqa Saleem1, Muhammad Islam1, Hamid Saeed1* and Mehwish Iqtedar2
...levels were improved by methanol extract of peel (MeOH; 4.8±0.4, p<0.05) and chloroform extract of pulp (PC; 7.1±0.4 CHL; 6.2±0.7, p<0.09). Out of all the extractives of Cucumis melo L. peel and pulp, only chloroform extract exhibited significant anti-urolithiatic activity as evident from serum creatinine, uric acid and BUN levels.
...
Bushra Baig and Saeeda Yousaf*
...whitefly and aphid).The methanolic extracts of Black pepper and Neem were analyzed for identification of phytochemicals by using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. The result showed that Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Tannins, Terpenoids and Phenolic compounds were found both in Black pepper and Neem.Quantitative analysis indicated 21 active componentsin Black pepper which were dominated byCaryophyllene (32.3%), Delta-3-carene (18.7%) and Cinene(15.5%). Neem showed...
Imrana Khushk1, Abdul Nabi Jatt2, Abdul Sattar Qureshi1*, Choudhary Haider Ali3, Muhammad Aqeel Bhutto1, Imran Ibrahim Khaskheli1, Sartar Iqbal Panhwer1
...tation was evaluated for ethanol and lactic acid production to overcome the pretreatment inhibitors issue. Saccharomyces cerevisiae Angel was used for the production of ethanol, while, Bacillus coagulans, Pediococcus sp. and Lactobacillus sp. were used for lactic production, respectively. All the microbial strains were inoculated on wheat straw hydrolysate and were monitored with regular interval until stable cell growth, gl...
Majed Rafeeq1,*, Nadeem Rashid1, Muhammad Masood Tariq1, Irfan Shahzad Sheikh1, Muhammad Zahid Mustafa1, Muhammad Shafee1, Khalid Mehmood1, Rana Muhammad Bilal2 and Tauseef Asmat1
... evaluate the effects of ethanolic crude extracts of cumin (Cuminum cyminum) and jir (Artemisia scoparia) on the performance of broiler chickens. The study used 120 unsexed Hubbard one day old broiler chicks randomly divided into three groups of 40 chicks that were each further divided into four replicates of ten chicks. Extracts were introduced at 200 mg/Kg as feed supplement to two groups of broilers and the third group was kept as control (C) ...
Fahrauk Faramayuda1,2*, Totik Sri Mariani3, Elfahmi1,4 and Sukrasno1
... (TLC). The profiling of ethanol extracts of callus of two varieties O. aristatus were carried out using solvent system toluene-ethyl acetate- formic acid-water (3:3:1:0.2). The results of monitoring TLC suggest that callus obtained from Schenk and Hildebrandt (SH) media can proceed to the suspension culture stage because it showed brighter fluorescence spot than other callus and plant extracts, especially for rosmarinic acid. This research provides new ...
Asmaa A.M. Abd El-Ghani *; Ahmed B.M.; Abdel-Raouf A. ; Nagwa S. Ata* and H.A. Hussein
...) infection in vitro. An ethanolic
extract of Salvadora persica was used in two concentrations. MDBK cells grown on
Minimum Essential Medium (MEM) were used for virus propagation and titration. The
effects of two concentrations of Salvadora persica on viral growth in MDBK cells as
well as cytolytic activity of BHV-1 were evaluated at different times pretreatment
,simultaneouslly and after adsorption. ...
Hanaa H. A. Gomaa1; Entsar A. A. Nassar2; K. A. El-Dougdoug3
...rn of fruits yield. The methanolic solutions were extracted from milk thistle varieties then evaluated against HAV, HSV1 and COXB4 viruses. The cytotoxicity of different milk thistle methanolic extracts in Vero cells did not show any morphological difference compared with control. Antiviral affects of milk the most potent methanolic solutions of milk thistle that have antiviral activity wi...
Manal A. El-Shazly1. M. I .Kobeasy2and Sarah H . Altalhi3
... Basil essential oil and ethanolic extract of Plantago major leaves was used as antiviral to reduce the infection with TSWV at three concentrations levels (500,1000 and 2000 μg/ml and 50,125,250 μg/ml, respectively).Viral infection was reduced by using the highest concentration of Basil essential oil and ethanolic extract reached to 45.99% and 63.82%, respectively. Different treatments with antiviral compounds decrease...
Shahida Sabir1, Anwar Ali Shad1, Tariq Masood1*, Zafar Ali Shah1, Nasiruddin2, Yaseen Ahmad1 and Syed Sartaj Alam3
...to high concentrations. Methanolic fraction of mushroom proved to be bactericidal with highest % inhibition (65, 36 and 75 %) recorded at 25 mg/L concentration against all the three bacterial strains i.e., E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Xanthomonas sp., respectively. Maximum % inhibition (about 50%) was recorded at 25 mg/L concentration against all the three fungal species (Penicillium claviforme, Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium sp.). M
Dina N. Abd-Elshafy
...ial antiviral effect of methanolic extract prepared from green tea on
HAV and explore supplementing drinking water in endemic areas for the virus with such an
extract to control infection.
Methods: Green tea powder was used for methanolic extraction. Cytotoxicity assay was
carried out according to Aquino (1989) to identify non-cyotoxic concentrations of the
prepared...
Dilan Ozmen Ozgun1, Gonca Alak2, Arzu Ucar2, Sinan Bilginer3, Halise Inci Gul3, Mahmut Kocaman2, Cem Yamalı3, Veysel Parlak2, Muhammed Atamanalp2, Ahmad Maslat4 and Telat Yanık2*
...de in 1:1.1 mol ratio in ethanol (25 ml) in the presence of glacial acetic acid (0.05 ml) was refluxed for synthesis of 4-(3-(4-Bromophenyl)-5-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl) benzenesulfonamide, B4, for 7h at first experiment. Effects of B4 on antioxidant enzymes of gill and liver, and changes in hematological parameters were determined in rainbow trout. For this purpose, rainbow trout alevins were exposed to 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1 an...
Fahrauk Faramayuda1,2*, Totik Sri Mariani3, Elfahmi1,4 and Sukrasno1
... polarity levels, namely ethanol and ethyl acetate. The concentrated extract was identified for its chemical content using gradient system HPLC 0.1% formic acid: acetonitrile. The qualitative analysis results showed that the two extracts of O. aristatus resulted from in vitro culture containing rosmarinic acid and sinensetin. When compared to the wild type, the chromatogram had a larger area than the wild type. This study provides new information regarding the...
Kawa A. Ali1*, Sazar S. Noraldeen2 and Arshad A. Yaseen2, 3
...s ( 80% acetone and 100% ethanol). Results demonstrate significant differences between SPAD and atLEAF data for tomato and pepper plants where higher levels with atLEAF instrument comparing to SPAD chlorophyll meter. Higher chlorophyll levels were recorded in open field plants comparing to lath and plastic houses plants. Chlorophyll a content was related to carotenoid levels in both destruction methods. There was positive correlation between SPAD and atLEAF. N...
Salma Javed1* and Daniyal Siddiq2
...um cumini, leaf aqueous, ethanol and methanol extracts were investigated for managing the population of Meloidogyne javanica, in tomato. In laboratory conditions second-stage juveniles (J2) mortality was recorded after 24, 48 and 72 h of incubation in concentrations of 0.25, 0.5 or 1%. Maximum mortality was achieved with ethanol extracts followed by aqueous and met...
Mohammed Abdel-Mageed Abdel-Aziz Abdel-Mageed1, Eman Alsayed Hammad2*, Nashaat Abdel-Aziz Mahmoud1 and Anas Farag El-Mesalamy1
..., aqueous, acetonic and methanolic extracts of Solanum nigrum, Atropa belladonna, Hyoscyamus muticus, Capsicum frutescens, Datura innoxia and Withania somnifera were tested against root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica. All the tested materials affected the survival of the nematode juveniles and egg-masses hatched depending on materials property, concentrations and solvents used in extraction. The aqueous extract had the best percentage of mortality and inh...
Hailemariam Assefa1*, Tesfahun Dagnaw2
...y of the used extracts. Methanolic extract was more active than petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extract on all three tested fungal species. The oil was obtained by soxhlet extraction method. The maximum oil yield using petroleum ether was found 18.4% at a temperature of 70oC and a minimum yield of 13.5% at 30oC while at the same operating condition ethyl acetate and methanol resulted a maximum yield of 17.0% and 16.5% and ...
Abdullah Abdo Albegali1, Tayyaba Aftab1, Atiq-ur-Rehman1*, Amir Rashid1 and Mayada Mohammad1,2
...perlipidemic effects of methanol extract of seeds of this plant in hyperlipidaemia Wistar albino rats induced by Triton X-100. There were 4 groups of rats: Group A served as normal; Group B, C and D were given high cholesterol diet and administered with intraperitoneal injection of Triton X-100 to induce hyperlipidaemia. Group B was administered with distilled water and high cholesterol diet on daily basis during the whole treatment and served as hyperlipidaem...
Noor Bad Shah Khattak1, Hamayun Khan1, Muhammad Tarique Tunio2, Shakoor Ahmad1, Nazir Ahmad3, Syed Murtaza Hassan Andrabi4, Obaidullah5, Ihsan Ali1,5,* and Nan-Zhu Fang5,*
... extract (4 g in 200 ml methanol) can be safely used for enhanced effectiveness of fertility after thawing.
...
Ali Ikhwan1*, Dian Indratmi1, Faridlotul Hasanah1, Manar Fayiz Mousa Atoum2,3 and Irum Iqrar4,5
...d with 1:1 w/v absolute methanol and concentrated with 1:1 v/v cold absolute methanol, and then the supernatant is purified using a centrifuge. The metabolic analysis was performed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and comparing the data with the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database to obtain specific metabolites. The inhibition test was done with one control (P0: chemical fungicide)...
Juliet N. Ozioko1, Obinna V. Ayogu2, Benjamin O. Ezema1, Dilibe C. Uramah3 and Kingsley O. Omeje*,1
...y;">Chysophyllum albidum ethanol leaf extract was studied to ascertain it potentials on hematological indices and hepatocyte of wistar albino rat. Twenty-five rats that weighed 98-168g were separated into five groups. Phytochemicals were quantified using standard methods. Alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponnins and terpernoids were detected. The leaf extract had 0.415 % of alkaloids, 0.102 mg/TAEq of tannins, 0.211 mg/QEq of flavonoids and 0.360 mg/GAEq of p...
Fujun Miao1, Chunlan Shan2, Wei Yang3, Hao Wang3, Shuxiang Geng1 and Delu Ning1*
...transferase (AST) in the ethanol + walnut oil (ETH + WO) and ETH + silymarin positive group (PC) groups significantly decreased, and the lesions of ethanol-induced liver injury were relieved compared with the ethanol (ETH) group. Walnut oil significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the liver of ALD. Walnut oil exerted the an...
Hafiza Mehwish Iqbal1, Qurrat Ul Ain Akbar1, Saqib Arif1, Shahid Yousaf2*, Salman Khurshid1, Saqib Jabbar2, Neelofar Hamid3 and Uzma Sitara1
...fungal (11.2-11.8mm) in methanol and acetone extracts. It was concluded from the results that ripening stage has effects on the nutritional values which point out that the ideal maturity stage to maintain optimal postharvest storage ability and nutritional value is breaking stage of fresh tomato which is the most suitable for storage....
Ishrat Younus1,2 and Afshan Siddiq1*
...ntipyretic activities of ethanol extract of Raphanus sativus var. caudatus in albino mice. The analgesic and antipyretic activities were determined at three different doses (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) using different pain models (writhing induced, tail flick) and yeast induced pyrexia tests, respectively. The extract exhibited significant (p < 0.05) in vivo analgesic and antipyretic potential in term of % writhes inhibition, increased latency time and reduced r...
Rabia Bibi1, R. Muhammad Tariq2, Samir A.M. Abdelgaleil3 and Munawwer Rasheed1, 4*
...e, dichloromethane, and methanol). Five different concentrations of the extracts were subjected to the toxic assessment against two species of stored grain pests (Sitophilus oryzae and Callosobruchus maculatus). Results obtained from experimental trail proved that the C. maculatus were susceptible with higher adult mortality than S. oryzae. The highest toxic effect was induced by dichloromethane obtained extract from A. taxiformis (DA) against C. maculatus (LC...
Nabila Khan1, Imran Ahmad2 and Muhammad Bilal Sadiq1*
...l/g, 22.5 min and 80% of ethanol), the experimental values for TPC and DPPH inhibition were 110.17 ± 3.44 mg of GAE/g of extract and 87.45 ± 1.28%, respectively. For DPPH inhibition assay, IC50 value of almond hull extract was 51.64 μg/ml which was lower than the ascorbic acid (180 μg/ml). Almond hull extract showed antimicrobial effect against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium. β-sitosterol (44 %), was...
Rasha Ali Taha Hamza1, Atef Saad Osheba1, Hassan Mohamed Sobhy2, Sahar Hussein Abdalla Hekal2*
...ntents in both water and ethanolic extracts of galangal and sumac extracts. Also, the effect of previous extracts on quality attributes of beef burger was evaluated. The ethanolic extracts of both galangal and sumac were shown to have significantly higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents than the aqueous extract, in particular 90% Ethanol Extract, where the 90% <...
Mubasshir Sohail*, Qadeer Ahmed Soomro, Raza Muhammad, Muhammad Usman Asif and Imran Rauf
...hibitors (β-mercaptoethanol, EDTA) and various plant extracts on the enzyme activity were also tested. Cellulase was further purified and characterized through chromatographic techniques and electrophoresis. Gel filtration chromatography showed the presence of multiple forms of enzyme activities with different molecular weights. SDS-PAGE showed the presence of endoglucanase activities with molecular weight of 57 kDa....
Tri Untari1*, Sitarina Widyarini2, Michael Haryadi Wibowo1, Marla Anggita1
...ty of red ginger powder, ethanolic extract, and essential oil as immunostimulant agent during NDV challenge in vivo. Chickens were divided into seven groups of different treatment regimens. Group I - IV were vaccinated NDV while group V-VII were unvaccinated. Each group was treated with either red ginger powder (group I and V), ethanolic extract (group II and VI), essential oil (group III and VII). Group IV served as the unt...
Dalia M. Aboelhassan1*, Inas S. Ghaly1, Noha E. Ibrahim2, Nermeen M. Shaffie3, Mariam G. Eshak1, Aboelfetoh M. Abdallah4, Ibrahim M. Farag1
Muhammad Ajmal Khan1, Muhammad Yahya2*, Ali Hazrat2, Javed Khan3, Saeed Jan4, Tabinda Nowsheen2 and Inam Ullah5
...bacterial activities of methanolic extracts of T. camphoratum leaves. The methanolic extract was quantitatively evaluated for alkaloids, flavonoids and terpenoids contents. The antibacterial activity of methanolic leaves extract of T. camphoratum was carried out against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains through agar well diffusion assay (small wells were made with cork bore...
Sidrah Ashfaq1, Muhammad Nadeem1*, Muhammad Yamin1, Talha Afzal1, Muhammad Waqar Akram1, Rabia Anam1 and Ali Mehboob2
... a thermal, synthesis of ethanol, engine running, and for fuel cell applications. An excessive amount of impurities like char, ash, tar, and particulate matter are making these syngas non-feasible for thermal or engine applications. To overcome the above-stated problem, a downdraft gasifier with cyclone separator and hybrid biomass filter was fabricated using locally available materials in the workshop of the Dept. of Farm Machinery and Power at the University...
Fawziah M. Albarakaty*
...оt and cold aqueous and ethanol extracts against specific medically significant pathogens isolated from cows and poultry farms were assessed. Additionally, the phytochemical composition of the aqueous and ethanol peel extracts was examined. Results and conclusion: According to the findings, the plum (Prunus domestica L.) peel extracts have аlkaloids, flavonoids, tаnnins, and sаponin chemicals. It is, therefore, possible ...
Shahid Iqbal1,2, Zulha Javed1, Mushtaq Hussain Zahid3, Qurat ul Ane Gillani4 and Furhan Iqbal1,*
...tudy involves effects of ethanolic extracts of leaves of Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre and Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh on hematological parameters and biochemical components of blood serum of male albino mice. The extracts were administrated orally (100 mg/ ml solvent/ Kg body weight) for 15 days and it was observed that the complete blood count (CBC) remained unaffected while cholesterol (P = 0.03) and triglyceride (P = 0.008) levels in serum were significa...
Mehwish Saleem1* and Amina Atiq2
...acts of both aqueous and ethanol to create 0.01%, 0.025%, and 0.05% extract solutions, respectively. All of these extracts were then mixed with silver nitrate to create a 0.01M solution of silver nitrate nanoparticles. UV-VIS was done for the characterization of the nanoparticles. Various bacterial strains were successfully combatted by garlic nanoparticles’ strong antibacterial properties (E. coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococ...
Fahrauk Faramayuda*, Soraya Riyanti and Sitty Mahanadhiandinie
...xidant activities of the ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, the water fraction and the ethyl acetate fraction of white tea leaves had IC50 values of 2.03, 4.77, 2.17 and 1.55 μg/mL, respectively. Quercetin was used for comparison which showed IC50 value of 1.05 µg/mL. The ethyl acetate fraction had an antioxidant activity, equivalent to quercetin, and can be categorized as a very strong antioxidant. The total polyphenol content of white tea lea...
Ibrahim El-Ratel1*, Mostafa El-Moghazy2, Amira El-Gaml2, Ibrahim Abu El-Naser2
...the efficacy of propolis ethanolic extract (PEE) oral administration on antioxidant capacity, reproductive hormones, immunity response, and quality and fertility of fresh and cryopreserved rabbit buck semen under HS conditions. A total of 40 APRI line rabbit bucks (7months old and 3.00±0.20 kg live body weight) were divided into four treatments (10/treatment). The 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th treatments were orally administrated with 2 ml distilled water with...
Rezqita Putri Pitaloka1, Kartiawati Alipin1, Mas Rizky A.A Syamsunarno2, Gemilang Lara Utama3, Ramdan Panigoro2, Ratu Safitri1*
...he effect of sappan wood ethanol extract (SWEE) as an adjuvant and substitute for iron chelator. The adjuvant test group was given 60 mg/kg BW iron dextran (ID), 75 mg/kg BW deferiprone (DFP), and 50 to 200 mg/kg BW SWEE, while the substitute group was administered with 60 mg/kg BW ID and DFP:SWEE with a gradient ratio. The ID was given orally for the first 14 days at intervals of 3 days, while DFP and SWEE were administered orally every day for 28 days. The p...
Shahrokh Mojarradgandoukmolla* and Hasan Akan
...ers in rats treated with ethanol. Phytochemical analysis of seeds and leaves of these taxa was performed by GC-MASs and their morphological evaluation was performed by SEM electron microscopy. Hematological and biochemical variables such as hepatic enzymes activity, glucose, lipid profile, ESR, CRP, renal function tests, and oxidative biomarkers were measured. Histological evaluation was also performed. Among the hematological parameters in the treated groups,...
Farah Abid1,2, Mohammad Saleem1,3*, Tahir Maqbool4, Tania Ahmed Shakoori5, Faheem Hadi4, Tahir Muhammad4, Saira Aftab4, Yasir Hassan7 and Shabana Akhtar4,6*
Saima Rubab1,3*, Ghazala H Rizwani2, Arjumand Iqbal Durrani3, Iram Liaqat4*, Urooj Zafar5, Mahjabeen6, Farah Batool7, Noor-E- Seher3, Naveera Younas3 and Ayesha Sadiqa8
...etroleum ether, acetone, ethanol and water. Phytochemical analysis of all extracts showed the presence of polyphenolic compounds, flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides and carbohydrates in all plant parts with varied strength. Phytochemical analysis showed comparatively high percentage yield of ethanolic extract of all plant parts, hence was employed for evaluating the antimicrobial potential against 11 Gram positive bacteria, 9...
Alia Tajdar1,3, Shaghef Ejaz2, Muhammad Shah Zaib1, Anum Ishfaq1, Syed Muhammad Zaka1*, Hafiz Muhammad Safeer1 and Khalid Abbas1
...m spp. were prepared in methanol, ethanol, and distilled water. The olfactory response of B. zonata was studied in Y-tube olfactometer and effect on the quality parameters (colour, taste, weight loss, pH, and titratable acidity) of banana was evaluated in laboratory conditions. The olfactory results of the present study showed that all botanical extracts exhibited the repellent effect against B. zonata, but the m
Nazish Manzoor1*, Alim Khan1, Muhammad Yaseen1, Abid Ullah1, Zulqarnain2 and Iftikhar Jan2
...industry. In this study, ethanol was produced from the acid and alkaline pretreated samples of sugarcane bagasse using a fermentation process. Amylase was partially purified from the bacterial strain N1 and its activity was checked at distinct pH and temperature. The optimum pH was from 6-8 whereas the temperature was 40 °C. Saccharomyces cerevisiea was added for enhanced fermentation and ethanol production. The acid pre...
S. Feroza1, A. G. Arijo1† and I. R. Zahid2
...o assess the efficacy of ethanolic extract of papaya (Carica papaya) and neem (Azadirachta indica) plant seeds on Ascaridia galli infectivity in broiler chicken. A total of eighteen broiler birds were randomly selected that were divided into three groups (A, B and C) with 6 birds in each group. The birds were then artificially infected with Ascaridia galli @ 2000 eggs/bird. Ethanolic extracts of papaya and neem wer...
Nadia A Eltablawy1, Ibrahim El Tantawy El Sayed2, Hamed Mohamed Abdel Barry2, Marwa A. Ibrahim3*, Maha Nageib Ahmed Serag ElDein2
...t of Terminalia Muelleri ethanol extract (TME) against doxorubicin-induced cardiac toxicity. Methods: Total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), DPPH. radical scavenging, FRAP and FRAC were determined in the TME extract. Forty-eight adult male Wistar rats were divided equally into six groups: control non-treated, Doxorubicin (DOX) challenge (rats were injected with 2.5 mg/kg of DOX in six injections over 2 weeks), TME was solely administered ...
S.A. Khan†, M. Abid and F. Hussain1
...olvents viz., water and methanol @ ratios 2.5, 5 and 10%. It is observed that Sargasssum tenerrimum, Padina
tetrastromatica and Melanothamnus afaqhusainii showed maximum egg hatching (96%) and larval mortality (99%)
and (100%), respectively in water and methanol extract @ 10% concentration after 72 hours exposure time.
Similarities between Ward’s cluster analysis of hatching egg and ...
Rukhsana Anwar1*, Ammara Abd-Us-Sattar1, Afifa Noor2, Kanwal Ashiq1,3 and Shah Jahan4
... of CYP1A2, CYP3A4. The methanolic extract decreased mRNA expression of CYP2C9 and CYP3A4. Both extracts enhanced GST-specific activity, tGSH, SOD, and CAT activity in rats. It is concluded that leaf extracts of C. oppositifolia showed significant interaction with drugs. This can modulate drug-metabolizing enzyme activity and reduce oxidative stress....
Aamir Mushtaq1*, Fatima Habib2, Umar Farooq Gohar3, Abdul Malik4 and Mobasher Ahmad2
...m were powdered and its methanolic extract (with 19 % yield) was prepared by cold extraction technique. Acute toxicity studies were performed in female albino mice by administration of single oral doses (4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 g/Kg/po) respectively, to individual groups (n=5) and after that the behavioral changes were observed. To find the chronic toxicity, the animals were divided in three groups (n=6) which were orally administered with normal saline, P. anisum m<...
O. A. Fabiyi, G. A. Olatunji and O. Atolani
Saleem Hussain1, Muhammad Tayyab1, Tauqir Anwar1, Talha Nazir2*, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed3, Zohaib Asad2,4, Muhammad Adnan3 and Tajwar Alam5
...0, 500 and 1000 ppm) of methanolic plant extracts under controlled laboratory conditions, while three different concentrations (25, 50 and 75 g/L) of each botanical extract was tested in the field trial. Results showed a significant mortality and suppression of S. graminum individuals at 72 h after treatment in the laboratory and at 10th day post-treatment in the field. In laboratory bioassay, maximum aphid mortality was caused by the extracts of D. stramonium...
SAIMA AFTAB1, ATTIA HAMID1, MAHJBEEN2, JAVERIA TARIQ2, ZULQURNAIN ALI2, ASMA ZAFAR2*
...eight: normal;"> Bioethanol production at the industrial level is engaged by various bacteria, yeast, and fungi. But Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the most commonly used yeast. Different substrates have been used for ethanol production such as sweat sorghum cane extract, lignocellulose, starch-based substrate and molasses, and other wastes. In this study low-quality apples were used for the production of
SAIMA AFTAB1, ATTIA HAMID1, MAHJBEEN2, JAVERIA TARIQ2, ZULQURNAIN ALI2, ASMA ZAFAR2*
...eight: normal;"> Bioethanol production at the industrial level is engaged by various bacteria, yeast, and fungi. But Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the most commonly used yeast. Different substrates have been used for ethanol production such as sweat sorghum cane extract, lignocellulose, starch-based substrate and molasses, and other wastes. In this study low-quality apples were used for the production of
SYED ALI RAZA1, MUHAMMAD WASEEM MUMTAZ2*, AYOUB RASHID CH1, ABDUL WAHEED1, JAMES WILLIAM3 & MUHAMMAD ARSHAD1
...erties of different hydroethanolic leaf extracts of Conocarpus lancifolius. Freeze drying assisted ultra-sonication was adopted for extract preparation. The results showed that highest total antioxidant power of 291 ± 0.50 mg ASE/g DE was exhibited by 60% ethanolic extract which was slightly lower than antioxidant power of BHA (309.16 ± 3.90 mg ASE/g DE). The β-carotene bleaching inhibition of 87.44...
Ubaida Hussain1,2*, Amtul Jamil Sami1*, Shazia Rafique3*, Muhammad Idrees khan3 and Ahmad Ali Shahid3
... h after treatment with methanolic seed extract and minimum inhibitory concentration was calculated. HepG2 cell were transfected stably to express nonstructural proteins NS3 and NS5A of HCV 3a genotype. Western blot and RT PCR confirmed stable protein expression. Immunofluorescence assay was done to check subcellular localization of these nonstructural proteins. The CC50 value for A. indica seed extract for HepG2 cells was 650 μg/mL. The extract concentrati...
Hussein Jabar Jasim1*, Amer Murhum Al-Amery2
... of Zingiber officinale methanolic extracts on eggs of Fasciola spp. to both positive (Albendazole) and negative (chlorine-free water) control groups in vitro. Microscopic examination of the treated Fasciola spp. eggs with ginger methanolic extract revealed that the various concentrations of Z. officinale methanolic extract used in our study were highly sensitive to it and that their activ...
Waheed Khan1, Muhammad Ajmal Khan2, Bakhtawar Khan1*, Aftab Amin3, Muhsin Ali4, Awais Farid, Ali Hazrat5 and Muhammad Yahya5
...ice) received 200 mg of methanolic plant extract, group 4 (diabetic mice) received 400 mg of methanolic extract, and group 5 (diabetic mice) received 10 mg of the medication Glibenclamide for 28 days. Glucose was measured four times and after 28 days, blood samples were collected to measure the lipid profile. The result showed that methanolic extract of V. thapsus significantly (P>0.05)...
Saima Mehar1, Amtul Sami2 and Erum Iqbal3*
... and Nigella sativa) in methanol, chloroform, ether, butanol, and hexane on egg hatching and mortality of the juveniles of root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica. After 72 hours, C. cyminum (MeOH) demonstrated the maximum nematicidal activity in egg hatching (15%±2.10) of M. javanica, followed by N. sativa (Ether), 22.33±6.86%, at the lowest administered dose of 0.25 % concentration. After 72 hours of treatment, C. cyminum (MeOH) and N. sativa (...
Rukhsana Anwar1*, Muhammad Usman Khalil1 and Kanwal Ashiq1,2
...-hypertensive effect of methanolic extract of Colebrookea oppositifolia leaves. The sub-acute anti-hypertensive activity of a methanolic extract of Colebrookea oppositifolia 250 mg/kg were studied for 14 days in rats. Captopril (20 mg/kg) was given as a standard control. Non-invasive blood pressure (NIBP) monitoring technique was used to assess the blood pressure of rats. The frequency of hippuric acid synthesis from the hyd...
Zahra Abdulameer Al-Zayadi1, Hana Kadum Shanan1, Al Salihi Karima Akool2*
...dy investigated that the ethanolic extract of Sc-RE has an anticancer effect that reduces the proliferation of cancer cells caused by the carcinogenic substance.
Keywords | Anticancer, Biochemical indices, Histopathology, Herbal medicine, Saussurea costus root extract
...
Isatay Tusupovich Jakupov, Gulzhan Tursunovna Yeszhanova, Gulnur Kurbanalievna Mamytbekova*
...rapeutic efficacy of the ethanol extract of C. leucocladum has been studied. A toxicity test was carried out on white mice using 10%, 20%, 40% concentration of C. leucocladum, no death of mice was recorded within 30 days. When studying the irritating and allergic effects of C. leucocladum on rabbits, it was found that no irritating effect and allergic reaction was observed within 24 hours in animals with 10%, 20%, 40% content of C. leucocladum. Studies of the ...
Altaf Ur Rahman1, Muhammad Ajmal Khan2*, Ali Hazrat3, Awais Farid4, Muhammad Yahya3* and Inam Ullah5
...imed to investigate the methanolic extract of Corylus jacquemontii for phytochemical, antibacterial, antioxidant potential. The methanolic fraction of C. jacquemontii was evaluated for quantitative phytochemical constituents. The antibacterial efficacy was investigated via well diffusion method by using a concentration of 100 µg/ml. Furthermore, the antioxidant potential of extract was estimated at various concentratio...
Abdur Rauf1*, Farooq Jan1, Muhammad Qayash2, Zia-ul-Islam3, Rizwanullah1, Ikramullah Khan1, Muhammad Shuaib4, Muhammad Khalid5 and Samrin Gul6
...um eichwaldii. The crude ethanolic extract (25, 20, and 15mg/ml) was used against bacterial and fungal species. The four pathogenic bacteria (Micrococcus luteus, E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis) and two fungi (Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger) were examined. The above-mentioned various ethanolic crude extracts of H. eichwaldii revealed the highest potential (15.82±0.40), (18.12±0.56), ...
Malik F.H. Ferdosi1*, Arshad Javaid2, Iqra Haider Khan2 and Muhammad Kaleem Naseem1
... phytoconstituents from methanolic flower extract of this plant were identified through GC-MS. A total of 13 compounds were found in the extract. These included heptacosan-9-ol (15.01%), 2-hexanamine (13.28%), n-hexadecanoic acid (10.38%), eicosane (10.37%), 4H-pyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl (9.69%), cyclohexane, 1,1’-(2-propyl-1,3-propanediyl)bis-(8.81%), hexadecane-1,2-diol (6.34%), pentadecanoic acid, 14-methyl-, methyl ester (5.76%),...
Arshad Javaid1*, Iqra Haider Khan1, Malik F. H. Ferdosi2, Aneela Anwar3 and Mujahid Manzoor4
...ted in analytical grade methanol for one week and after filtration, it was subjected to GC-MS analysis. Major compounds in the flower extract were germacrene D (12.44%), n-hexadecanoic acid (12.15%), and caryophyllene (11.28%). Moderately occurring compounds included docosane (7.68%), 4H-pyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl (6.92%), pentadecane (6.20%), cyclopentanone, dimethylhydrazone (5.93%), dotriacontane (5.91%), humulene (5.82%), octadecanoic ...
Abdel-Khalek El-Sayed Abdel-Khalek1*, Abdelaziz M. Sakr2, Wael M. Nagy2, Hesham S. Abou-Serie2, Entesar Z. Eliraqy2
...nd 14 mg/ml) of propolis ethanolic extract (PEE) were used. Semen was collected once/week for 20 weeks from five buffalo bulls aged 3.5–5 years. The collected semen was pooled and distributed into five equal fractions, each fraction was diluted with Tris-extender at each level of PEE (PEE0, PEE1, PEE2, PEE3, and PEE4). Semen was gradually diluted at 37 °C with each extender at a rate of 1: 10, equilibrated for 4 hours at 4 °C, packaged in F...
Sajida Batool, Iqra Ashraf, Shafaat Yar Khan, Sitara Shameem* and Breha Kazmi
... the present study, the methanolic leaf extract of C. procera was investigated for its immunomodulatory potential in vitro using T-lymphocytes. Phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) st https://researcherslinks.com/journals imulated T-lymphocytes were treated with extract of C. procera (1, 2, and 4 µg/mL) for 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 h. Levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-8) were measured after 8, 12, and 24 h while levels of anti-inflamma...
Burarah Arooj1, Zeeshan Mutahir1, Moazzam Ali1, Mohsina Akhter2, Malik Siddique Mahmood1, Arslan Hamid3 and Mahjabeen Saleem1*
...sence of Mn+2, SDS, and methanol. Chitinase has Km and Vmax values of 2.287 mg/ml and 6.784 µM/min, respectively, towards colloidal chitin. The protein-ligand docking analysis and molecular dynamic simulation indicated that the interactions of amino acids Asn 204, Glu 277, Leu 278, Asp 312, Glu 314, Gln 372, Tyr 374, Trp 463, Trp 467 from GH18 catalytic domain with (NAG)2 molecule are involved in the enzyme catalytic mechanism. This is the first time a t...
Salma Jameel Askar
...the effects of Beetroots ethanolic extract in alleviation these alterations. Eighteen male albino rats were used, and they were divided into three groups of six animals each: G1, which received a dose of distilled water as a negative control; G2, which received a dose of meloxicam at 1.3 mg/kg.BW was a positive control, and G3 received a dose of meloxicam and beetroots ethanolic extract. Each animal received a single oral do...
Naeem Akhtar1*, Sana Noureen1, Muhammad Asif2, Ahsan Aziz2, Usman Saleem1, Talat Mahmood3, Nadeem Raza4 and Waqas Raza5
...roduction of biofuel and ethanol. Sugarcane yield is decreasing due to biotic and abiotic stresses. Among biotic factors, sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) is one of the most devastating factors that causes significant losses of sugarcane production. Here we are reporting the assessment of genetic variation among sugarcane accessions based on morphological parameters, SCMV severity, incidence and resistance/tolerance. The experiment was conducted in College of Agr...
ZAMARA MASOOD1, FAROOQ SALEEM1, SARFRAZ AHMAD2, TALHA JAMSHAID3, IMRAN WAHEED4,
MUHAMMAD AZEEM1, UMAR FAROOQ GOHAR5 & HAFIZ MUHAMMAD ARSALAN6, 7*
...nd floral extracts i.e. methanol,
chloroform, and n-hexane of Ranunculus laetus (R. laetus) were tested to
find out their bioactivities. The yield obtained from the methanolic extracts
was 15.12%, 20.5% and 31.3%, while that of chloroform extracts 4.15%,
16.15% and 29.6% and that of n-hexane extract 4.52%, 10.55% and
31.8%. The established protocols were carried out...
SHEHLA AKBAR*, SAIQA ISHTIAQ*, KHALID HUSSAIN, ANS MUNIR & SAIRA REHMAN
.../div>
400μg/ml methanolic fraction showed 4.57 and 4.86, hexane 1.54 and
5.0, aqueous 1.07 and 2.33, chloroform 0.94 and 3.87, ethyl acetate
18.56 and 28.41, butanol 4.34 and 7.91. Ethyl acetate fraction showed
highest SPF value. Presence of polyphenols and flavonoids provide an
evidence of this plant being traditionally used in the treatment of various
ailments. The results of present study ...
Nurul Fajrih1,2, Komang Gede Wiryawan1*, Sumiati1 and Suraya Kaffi Syahpura3
...hic column elution using ethanol as the mobile phase and diaion as the stationary phase. Further tested to determine the content of glucomannan in the extract. The extract was tested as carbon source for lactic acid bacteria (L. plantarum and L. rhamnosus) and pathogenic bacteria (E. coli and Salmonella). Bacterial growth Media using control media without sugar sources, MRS + glucose media, and MRS + banana corm extract (BCE) media. Based on the results of the...
Fatemeh Beheshti1, Maliheh Safavi2, Mohammad Reza Akbari Eidgahi1,3, Parviz Kokhaei4, Mehdi Vazirian5 and Ali Akbar Shabani1,3*
...s assessed. Further, the ethanol and chloroform extracts of I. purpurea leaves were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Concentration-dependent scavenging of 2, 2-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazil (DPPH) was seen across all three extract types (ethanol, water, and chloroform) with the IC50 values of 42.30 ± 2.35, 54.11 ± 3.62, and 85.71 ± 4.83 μg/mL, respectively which were higher co...
Hafiza Mehwish Iqbal1, Salman Khurshid1*, Saqib Arif1, Qurrat-ul-Ain Akbar1, Saba Iqbal2, Shahid Yousaf3, Kainat Qureshi1, Abdul Karim Khan5, Abdul Ahad6, Aqeel Ahmed Siddique4 and Neelofar Hamid7
...ts Aqueous, Acetone and Methanol with concentrations (5,10,15 and 20%) was prepared. Our study showed that maximum zone of inhibition (ZOI) was observed against bacteria for M. Koenigii i.e., 22mm and 23 mm for fungi, while; O. basilicum and S. asoca plants have21 and 22mm MIZD. Methanol 20%has maximum antioxidant activity in O. basilicum whereas, in S. asoca and M. koenigii 20% aqueous showed maximum activity. Total phenoli...
Sara H. Zughayyar*, Amer H. Gyad
...Prosopis farcta L. fruit ethanolic extract (300 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, and 500 mg/kg). A comparative group received castor oil along with loperamide (2.5 mg/kg) orally. The outcomes demonstrated that after three hours, the castor oil-treated animals produced liquid feces. Enteropooling test findings revealed that castor oil generated an accumulation of water and electrolytes in the intestinal loop. Weight and volume of the intestine were reduced after treatment wit...
Khansa Jamil1, Muhammad Ramzan Khan1, Asad Jan2 and Ghulam Muhammad Ali1*
...ompounds were eluted by methanolic extract by thin-layer chromatography and a total of 70 compounds were identified by GC-MS analysis. The phytochemical screening showed that the methanolic extract of the whole plant was rich in alkaloids and tannins. Zones of inhibition around the bacterial colonies show the antibacterial activity of the plant. Extract of the targeted plant was effective against all test organisms Escherich...
Dan Song1,2, Ming-Juan Ge3, Jie Li1,2, Yi Jiang1, Xiu-Mei Kong1, Jiao-Jiao Xu1, Xu Ji1,2, Rui-Xin Shi1 and Qin Zhao1,2*
...i-hypoxia effects of its ethanol extract. Three extract methods were employed to evaluate the best extraction methods. Male Kunming specific pathogen-free (SPF) mice were randomly divided into blank control, model (hypoxia), positive (propranolol 30 mg/kg + hypoxia), and three G. straminea ethanol extracts dose groups (10, 5 and 2.5 g/kg respectively + hypoxia), administered intragastrically once a day for 14 consecutive day...
Usama Mahalel1, Barakat M. Alrashdi1, Ibrahim Abdel-Farid1, Sabry El-Naggar2, Mohamed Hassan3, Hassan Elgebaly1 and Diaa Massoud1,4*
...liorative effect of the methanolic extract of Mesembryanthemum forsskalii fruits extract against the hepatotoxicity of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in mice at two different doses (low; 100 mg/kg BW and high; 500 mg/kg BW). The obtained results showed that CCl4 injection significantly reduced the body weights of mice and increased the relative liver weight. Treatment with M. forsskalii extract after CCl4 injection restores the weights of mice to the normal range...
Rasema Majeed, Alaa Kamil Mahmood*
... products such as ginger ethanolic extract (GEE) have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that may help in mitigate these effects. Chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) can improve delivery and bioavailability of encapsulated agents such as GEE. The aims of this study to evaluate the protective effects of ginger ethanolic extract, chitosan nanoparticles, and ginger ethanolic extract loade...
Ahmed M. Manthoor, Ali H. Saliem*
...y of Portuluca oleracea methanolic extract in vitro against Escherichia coli. The first step was involved collection and extraction of P. oleracea with absolute methanol in a Soxhlet apparatus and phytochemical analysis of extract. While in the second step, the antibacterial effects of the extract as compared with ciprofloxacin, as well as zone of inhibition, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericida...
Tabinda Nowsheen1, Sayed Wadood Ali Shah2, Ali Hazrat1*, Muhammad Yahya1, Gul Rahim1, Muhammad Mukhtiar4 and Muhammad Ajmal Khan3
...xidant potential of the methanolic crude extract of leaves, stem, and roots of Artemisia maritime. The phytochemical screening of A. maritime leaves, stem and roots extract indicates the existence of flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, tannins, phenolics steroids and carbohydrates but deficient of proteins. In minimum inhibitory concentration assay, the crude methanolic extracts showed significant inhibition against all tested...
Wisnu Jaka Dewa1,2, Ekowati Handharyani3*, Sri Purwaningsih4, Silmi Mariya5
...r treated with red snail ethanol extract 125, 62.5 and 31.25 ppm concentration. mesenggerRNA (mRNA) was isolated from WiDr cells using a commercial kit. The mRNA concentration was then measured with a UV-Vis microvolume spectrophotometer at 260/28 nm. Relative expression of bax and bcl-2 to house keeping gene GAPDH was measured on a real time PCR machine. Relative gene expression was calculated using the ΔΔCt method. The result showed that bax gene...
Kadhim Kh. K. Al-Khayat1*, Athmar K. A. Al-Azawi2
... cysts were put in a 70% ethanol for further used in conventional molecular diagnosis. The results revealed that an overall infection rate was 23.33% (14/60). The females infection rate was 27.90% (12/43) and in the males 11.76% (2/17) without significant differences (P≥0.05 ). Fifty-five cysts were isolated from abdominal cavity of 14 positive samples as balloon filled with clear fluid, white floating scolex (evagenated or invagenated) or...
Sara Brikat, Mouloud Lamtai*, Miloud Chakit, Laila Ibouzine-Dine, Ilhame Fitah, Oumaima Abouyaala, Abdelhalem Mesfioui, Aboubaker El Hessni
...study was to assess the methanolic extract of Curcuma longa (Curc) and losartan on memory impairment induced by a high fructose diet (HFD) in Wistar rats. 36 female Wistar rats aged 2 months and weighing 74 to 100 g were randomly divided into 6 groups as follows: 2 groups would receive a standard diet which a group serve as control and a group receive 100 mg/kg/d of Curc and 30 mg/kg/d of Losartan (Curc + Los), 4 groups would receive the high HFD diet: one gro...
SYED MUJTABA HAIDER1, KHIZAR HAYAT BHATTI1*, EJAZ HUSSAIN SIDDIQI1, SYED MAZHAR IRFAN1,`2, & ALLAH BAKHSH GULSHAN2
...ntibacterial activity of ethanolic, methanolic and aqueous extracts of Aloe vera L. against six bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus pyogenes; Shigella sonnei; Escherichia coli (1) (4C11); Escherichia coli (2) (ATCC 13048) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae). Agar well diffusion method was applied to assess the antibacterial activity of these extracts. Their antibacterial activities were associated with typical che...
MAHRUKH SHAHID1, KHAJISTA JABEEN1* & SUMERA IQBAL1
...ium oxysporum Schlecht. Methanol was used to prepare biochar extract of which various concentrations were experienced in-vitro against tested fungal strain. All the applied concentrations of methanol extract i.e. 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7% and 8% effectively inhibited F. oxysporum growth. However, 7% and 8% concentrations were proved to be most efficient in retarding the test fungus growth upto 15%. Partitioning of biochar m...
ASIFA BASHIR1, AAMIR MUSHTAQ2* & TOOBA MEHBOOB3
ABRAR HUSSAIN1, AQSA KHALIL1, SAIRA ZAHEER1, MUHAMMAD LATEEF2 & MUHAMMAD MANSHA1
...und firmly, macerated in ethanol and then the crude ethanolic extract (CEE) was prepared. Adult motility assay (AMA) was carried out on adult Haemonchus contortus to analyze the anthelmintic efficacy of CEE of the whole plant and the leaves of Tribulus terrestris L and Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. The motility of insects was assessed at concentration of 2, 4, 6 & 8 mg/ml after 2, 4, 6 & 8 hours of post treatment and dead...
SHAHZADA NADEEM ABBAS1, KIRAN JAMSHED1, SARAH BUSHRA NASIR2,
SAMAN SHAHID3 & NASIR MAHMOOD4
...anisms. The aqueous and methanolic extracts of Nigella sativa and Ficus carica seeds were used against bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli) and Fungi (Candida albicans, Fusarium oxysporium and Microsporum canis) to check their antimicrobial activities. For antibacterial assays, the volume and concentrations of extracts used were 0.5 μl (62.5 μg), 1 μl (125 μg), 5 μl (625 μg) and 10 μl (1250 μg). Specific laboratory prot...
UMER YOUNAS, SHAHID IQBAL* & JAMSHED AKBAR
...yl acetate, acetone and methanol) in combination with microwave-assisted extraction technique. Antioxidant potentials of extracts were determined in terms of total phenolics, total flavonoids and ascorbic acid contents. In addition, radicals (DPPH• & ABTS•+) scavenging potentials were also determined. Results revealed that drying methods have no significant influence on recovery of antioxidants from sample matrix. However, m...
MUHAMMAD NADEEM1, MUHAMMAD WASEEM MUMTAZ1&MUHAMMAD DANISH1
...bition potential of hydroethanolic leaf extracts of Vitexnegundo. Freeze drying assisted ultrasonicated extraction revealed highest level of total phenolic contents (258.29±2.52 mgGAE/g DE) and total flavonoid content (155.91±1.75 mgRE/g DE) in 60% hydro-ethanolic V. negundo leaf extract. Furthermore, total antioxidant power (254.35±1.56 mg AAE/g DE) and antidiabetic effectbased on α-amylase inhibi...
HAFIZ MUHAMMAD ARSALAN1,2*, SUMMARA TABASSUM1, MUHAMMAD SHERAZ YASIN3, FAROOQ SALEEM4, ZEEMAL SEEMAB AMIN1, MUNIB ASHFAQ1, UMAR FAROOQ GOHAR5 & RASHIDA BASHIR6
...tc. in the present study ethanolic extract of Piper betle leaf was used (300 mg/kg). Diabetes was induced in male albino rats by using Alloxan (150 mg/kg). Glutathione (GSH), Catalase (CAT), Malondialdehyde (MDA), Nitric oxide (NO), micronutrients (Vitamin A, Vitamin C and Vitamin E), serum glucose level and Advance glycation end products (AGE’s) were estimated. The results showed that levels of the Malondialdehyde (0.087, 0.151 and 0.104 respectively), ...
*AMNA SHOAIB, AROOJ SHEZAD, ARSHAD JAVAID, SUNDUS AKHTAR & ZOIA ARSHAD AWAN
... in chickpea. In vitro, methanolic leaves extract of R. sativus significantly decreased pathogen biomass by 6-96% and three Trichoderma species also caused significant inhibition in pathogen growth variably between 30-100%. In potted soil, application of separate or combined application of myco- and phyto-fungicides proved highly efficient in managing collar rot disease. However, combined effect of T. harzianum or T. viride + leaves biomass of R. sativus found...
Olaolu Fadeyi1,2, Oluwatoyin Fabiyi3*, Tesleem Bello4 and Gabriel Olatunji5
...l fractions. Analysis of ethanol extract of A. occidentale using gas chromatography spectrometry revealed the presence of several phyto constituents such as phenol, triterpenoids, flavonoids and other bio-active compounds. The array of fatty acid esters revealed in the GCMS result of the fractions especially fraction 52-71/Z2 is responsible for the exhibited toxicity to M. incognita with observed reduction in nematode population in roots and soil of the Okro p...
Abeer Alahmari1,2*
...nephrotoxicity caused by ethanol in rats. Male Sprague‒Dawley rats orally received 40% ethanol (3 g kg-1) and were then orally treated with (500 mg kg-1) AME daily for 30 days. Kidney function, oxidant and antioxidant status, and histopathology alterations in renal tissue were measured. Animals that received ethanol displayed nephrotoxicity, as confirmed by markedly increased serum cre...
Shah Zeb Khan1, Ali Hazrat1*, Farman Ali Khan2, Muhammad Yahya1, Gul Rahim1, Muhammad Mukhtiar3, Muhammad Ajmal Khan4 and Hayat Ullah1
...de was obtained in 95 % methanolic which was further fractionated into n-hexane (HR, HS), Chloroform (CR, CS), ethyl acetate (EtR, EtS) and butanol (BR, BS) soluble fractions by solvent-solvent extraction. In phytochemical tests of roots fractions; HR showed the presence of terpenoids, while saponins, alkaloids and flavonoids were detected in CR. EtR was enriched in terpenoids and phenols and the butanol fraction (BR) contained terpenoids and flavonoids. Simil...
Faisal Ali1, Abdul Aziz Khakwani1, Iqtidar Hussain1, Ghazanfar Ullah1, Atiq Ahmad Ali Zai2, Moneeza Abass3, Zuhair Hasnain4* and Sara Zafar5*
...tion while the sugar and ethanol generating parameters performed best with NPK @ 100:80:60: kg ha’’. ...
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