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African Swine Fever: An Epidemiological Overview

Muhangi Denis

...ed in future control programs. This may call for investing resources in changing disease management behaviour in managing this disease.

...
Role of Education in Enhancing Sugarcane Yield in Mardan and Charsadda Districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Faheem Khan*, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan

... and other extension programs and extension agents should motivate and train the growers to cultivate sugarcane using scientific techniques, paying special attention to those who are illiterate, to the point of developing special extension tools for those who cannot read.

...
Responses of Antioxidative Defense System and Composition of Photosynthetic Pigments in Brassica juncea L. upon Imidacloprid Treatments

Mudasir Irfan Dar*, Fareed Ahmad Khan and Farha Rehman

E-mail | [email protected]

...e, ranging from 0 to 40 grams active ingredient per hectare (g.a.i ha-1) through foliar spray. Analyses were done at days 3, 7, and 15 after treatment. Lipid peroxidation rates and contents of proline, ascorbate (ASC), glutathione (GLU), antioxidative enzymes; superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) were assessed. Imidacloprid enhanced malondi- aldehyde (MDA) and proline contents over their respecti...
Combining Ability Analysis for Maturity and Plant Architecture Traits in Intra-Specific Crosses of Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)

 Muhammad Ishaq and Raziuddin

 
...re rapeseed breeding programs. The estimates of variances of combining ability (σ2GCA, σ2SCA) and predictability ratio (σ2GCA/σ2SCA>1.00) indicated that gene action was predominantly additive for days to flowering while, for the rest of the traits non additive gene action was responsible as the predictability ratio was less than unity which was further confirmed by higher values of variances of SCA than GCA. In present study for all ...
Characterization of Eroded Lands of Pothwar Plateau, Punjab, Pakistan

 Aqila Shaheen

...cies, strategies and programs for the conservation of eroded lands.

...
Off-Farm Employment among Small Farm Holders of Different Tenurial Status in Peshawar Valley of Khyber Pakhtunkwa

Haidar Ali, Malik Muhammad Shafi and Himayatullah Khan

...ng skill development programs.

...
Heritability and Correlation Studies of Yield and Yield Related Traits in Bread Wheat

Sheraz Ahmad Khan and Ghulam Hassan

...uture wheat breeding programs for increasing yield.

...
Combining Ability for Seed Yield in Indigenous and Exotic Brassica napus Genotypes

Ibni Amin Khalil* and Raziuddin

...l in future breeding programs. Overall the biplot approach was found much cooperative in elaborating the genetic parameters of the data on the basis of its high explanatory aptitude and graphical demonstration.

...
Feasibility Study for Strengthening Agricultural Mechanization Competencies of Agricultural Extension Officers of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Muhammad Zafarullah Khan

...cipation in training programs and their higher educational qualification. The differences were considered as training needs and the AEOs need in-service training to enhance their ability in agricultural mechanization. A significantly high competency level was found in describing the agriculture machines and equipments and use of hand tools and implements. Most of the respondents have high competency level having practical farming experience. Study suggests pre...
Heritability Estimates for Maturity and Plant Characteristics in Popcorn

Muhammad Noor, Hidayat ur Rahman and Muhammad Iqbal

...r long term breeding programs more accurately. This study was conducted to estimate the magnitude of heritability for flowering and maturity attributes along with plant and ear height parameters in four popcorn populations. Broad sense heritability estimates varied from 0.69 to 0.76, while narrow sense ranged from 0.38 to 0.69. Maximum broad sense heritability estimate of 0.84 was observed in cross-II for days to anthesis. Minimum narrow sense heritability of ...
Identification of Pit1 Gene Variants in Sahiwal Cattle of Pakistan
Sadia Munir1a, Asif Nadeem1a*, Maryam Javed1, Masroor Ellahi Babar2, Tanveer Hussain2, Wasim Shehzad1, Rajput Zahid Iqbal3 and Sidra Manzoor1 
... for future breeding programs.
...
Detection of Insecticide Residues in Honey of Apis dorsata F. from Southern Punjab, Pakistan
Muhammad Aslam Farooqi1,*, Mansoor-ul-Hasan2, Sohail Akhtar1, Muhammad Arshad2, Muhammad Naveed Aslam3 and Muhammad Rafay4
... reliable monitoring programs in honey.
...
Genetic Analysis of Important Morphological Traits Using Diallel Analysis in Wheat

Mian Ahmad Raza*, Ghulam Hassan and Naqib Ullah Khan 

...d in future breeding programs for the improvement of desired traits. 

...
Breeding Ecology of a Reintroduced Population of Crested Ibis (Nipponia nippon) in Henan Province, China
Jie Wu1, Jiagui Zhu2, Ke Wang2, Dejing Cai2, Yingying Liu1, Yanzhen Bu1,* and Hongxing Niu1,*
...other reintroduction programs.
...
Evaluation of Maize Hybrids for Maturity and Related Traits

 Zabih Ullah*, H. Rahman and Niaz Muhammad

...d in future breeding programs for developing early maturing maize hybrids accompanied with other desirable attributes.  

...
Factors Affecting Off-farm Employment of Small Farmers in Peshawar Valley

Haidar Ali* and Malik Muhammad Shafi 

...ng skill development programs. 

...
Breeding Ecology of a Reintroduced Population of Crested Ibis (Nipponia nippon) in Henan Province, China
Jie Wu1, Jiagui Zhu2, Ke Wang2, Dejing Cai2, Yingying Liu1, Yanzhen Bu1,* and Hongxing Niu1,*
...other reintroduction programs.
...
Fishery Appraisal of Portunus spp. (Family Portunidae) using Different Surplus Production Models from Pakistani Waters, Northern Arabian Sea
Muhsan Ali Kalhoro1,2, Danling Tang1,*, Ye Hai Jun1, Morozov Evgeny1, Sufen Wang1 and Muhammad Aslam Buzdar2 
...wo computer software programs CEDA and ASPIC were used which were based on surplus production models. From CEDA Fox, Schaeder and Pella-Tomlinson were used with initial proportion (IP) 0.9 were used because the starting catch was 90% of the maximum catch the MSY estimated value from Fox with three error assumptions (normal, lognormal and gamma) were 3378 (R2=0.590), 3360 (R2=0.582), 3369 (R2 =0.586), respectively, whereas the o...
Innovative Approach for the Use of Huwa-San TR50 in Controlling Two Spotted Spider Mite Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae)
Saleh S. Alhewairini1,* and Mahmoud M. Al-Azzazy1,2
...n biological control programs, as it has little or no effects on biological control agents such as predatory mite, N. cucumeris, which is widely associated with the infestation of two spotted spider mite, T. urticae on tomato plants.
...
Pesticide Mixture Induced DNA Damage in Peripheral Blood Erythrocytes of Freshwater Fish, Oreochromis niloticus
Faiza Ambreen*1 and Muhammad Javed2
...ronmental monitoring programs.
...
Identifying Stable Bread Wheat Derived Lines across Environments Through GGE Biplot Analysis

Sajid Muhammad* and Fida Mohammad 

...cultivar development programs. Testing of genotypes across environments is required to determine yield stability of genotypes. The specific objective of the current study was to analyze genotype by environment interaction (GEI) of grain yield for 50 genotypes using GGE model. Germplasm was field-tested using alpha lattice design in two replications at Peshawar (E-1 and E-3), Hangu (E-2 and E-4) and Kohat (E-5) Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan during 2011/...
A Comparative Study for Egg Production in Layers by Decision Tree Analysis
Yakut Gevrekçi* and Çiğdem Takma
...ormation in breeding programs to be performed. 
...

 Abid Hussain*, Imdad Hussain Mirza and Muhammad Azeem Khan**

...s, wheat bran (choker), grams and left over dry breads were the concentrates fed to goats. On the whole about 30% metabolizable energy requirements of non-milking goats and 34% of does were fulfilled by supplementation. Goats were supplemented maximum during January-March, June, November and December and grazed for greater periods in summer and autumn than in winter and spring seasons. It can therefore be concluded that in general the months when minimum suppl...

 Frasat Saeed*, Jehanzeb Farooq*, Abid Mahmood**, Tassawar Hussain***, Muhammad Riaz* and Saghir Ahmad****

GENETIC DIVERSITY IN UPLAND COTTON FOR COTTON LEAF CURL VIRUS DISEASE, EARLINESS AND FIBER QUALITY
...catter plot and tree diagrams demonstrated sufficient diversity among the cotton accessions for various traits and some extent of association between various clusters. It is concluded that diversity among the genotypes could be utilized for the development of CLCuD resistant lines with increased seed cotton and lint yields with desirable fiber quality.

...

Basharat Hussain Shah*, F. S. Hamid*, Shams ul Islam*, Fayaz Ahmad*, Sohail Aslam*, and Noorullah Khan*

EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT PEA (PISUM SATIVUM L.) GENOTYPES FOR YIELD AND OTHER ATTRIBUTES AT SHINKIARI, MANSEHRA
...future hybridization programs.

...

 Raza Ullah*, Mariam Rehman*, Maria Anjum*, Muhammad Asif
Kamran**, Khuda Bakhsh***, Abdul Saboor****

NAVIGATING FARMING RISKS BY SIMULTANEOUS DIVERSIFICATION AND CREDIT THROUGH FORMAL AND INFORMAL COMMUNICATION CHANNEL
...n also improve their programs to guide the farmers in a better way and target farmers who need risk management information the most. At policy level, emphasis may be given to formal training and awareness of the farmers for diversification to compensate production risks. The existing extension network can be strengthened through its institutional linkage with metrology department and information communication technologies to further inform and train the farmer...
Association of Leptin Gene Polymorphism with Growth Rate in Lohi Sheep
Ali Haider Saleem1,*, Khalid Javed2, Masroor Ellahi Babar3, Tanveer Hussain3, Asad Ali2, Afzal Ali2, Nisar Ahmad2, Muhammad Zahid Farooq1 and Muhammad Dawood2
... for future breeding programs and marker assisted selection.
...
Ecological Concerns of Migratory Birds in Pakistan: A Review
Muhammad Umar1, Mubashar Hussain1,*, Ghulam Murtaza1, Farid Asif Shaheen2 , Fatima Zafar1
...h the mass awareness programs on electronic and print media could be effective conservation strategies during the period of their stay in Pakistan.
...
Prevalence of Avian influenza H9N2 Virus among Wild and Domesticated Bird Species across Pakistan
Amna Kausar1,2, Sana Anwar1, Naila Siddique2, Safia Ahmed1 and Javid Iqbal Dasti1,*
...ine AIV surveillance programs and improved vaccination strategies are highly desirable.
...
Heritability and Heterosis for Yield and Yield Related Traits in Rice

Muhammad Ismaeel1,2*, Syed Mehar Ali Shah1, Aziz Ur Rahman1 and Mian Ahmad Raza1 

...e rice hybridization programs while the F1 cross combinations DR-92/DR-83, Bas-6129/Dokri-Bas and Bas-2008/Kashmir-Bas are recommended to develop advance generations and improved rice varieties 

...
Field Screening of Mungbean × Mashbean Inter-Specific Recombinant Genotypes Against Yellow Mosaic Disease (YMD)

Ghulam Abbas1, Khalid Pervez Akhtar1, Muhammad Ahsan2, Muhammad Jawad Asghar1, Fiaz Ahmad1 and Muhammad Rizwan3* 

... in further breeding programs 

...
Detection and Characterization of Clostridium perfringens Serotype D from Small Ruminants of Balochistan
Imran Taj1,*, Ferhat Abbas1, Zafar Ahmad1, Mohammad Kamran Taj1, Deedar Ahmad2, Zahoor Ahmed2, Ghulam Mohammad2, Ajaz-ul-Haq1, Farooq Shahzad1 and Sabiha Azam3
...l tests and PCR. Antibiograms and lab animal trials were also carried out on local isolates of C. perfringens type D. Out of 204 analyzed samples, 89.18 % were found positive while 10.82 % were negative for C. perfringens type D. The division wise distribution showed that Quetta, Zhob, Sibi and Kalat were more effected zones of the Balochistan province. Sheep were more effected (54.78 %) than goats (34.4 %). C. perfringens was identified t...
Line × Tester Analysis of Early Generation Inbred Lines for some Agronomic Traits in Maize

Monsif Ur Rehman1*, Hidayat-ur-Rahman1, Muhammad Iqbal2, Iftikhar Hussain Khalil1 and Zahir Shah3 

...ed in maize breeding programs for developing high yielding maize hybrids accompanied with other desirable attributes 

...
A review of fisheries education in University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan

 Zafar Iqbal

A review of fisheries education in University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
...fered in all degrees programs.
The research on freshwater cultivable and ornamental fishes is carried out in the
department. Recently twelve PhD scholars completed their projects on different
topics in fisheries. Fish Disease and health Management laboratory (FDHM) was
established in 2004 and it is providing research facilities in Fish Parasitology, Fish
Mycology and Fish Bacteriology to researchers. Over 60 students have com...
Evaluation of Maize Hybrids for Yield and Maturity Traits

Masab Umair Khan, Syed Mehar Ali Shah, Hidayat-ur-Rahman, Arshad Iqbal* and Ezaz Aslam 

...on in maize breeding programs. 

...
Comparative Toxicity of Selected New-chemistry Insecticides against Subterranean Termites Odontotermes obesus Ramb. (Isoptera: Termitidae)

Muhammad Shahzad Akbar, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed* and Muhammad Afzal 

...ated pest management programs against subterranean termites. 

...
Evaluation of the Fusion Type CpG Adjuvant for the Enhancement of Somatostatin DNA Vaccine in Ram Lambs
Yan-Guo Han1, Xiao-Li Peng1, Kai Li1, Yu-He-Tian Zhao1, Xun-Ping Jiang2, Guang-Xin E1, Yong-Ju Zhao1, Jun-Hua Ye3, Li Xu3, Qin-Tao Zhao3 and Yong-Fu Huang1,*
...m) was injected into the rams at weeks 0, 3 and 6 of the study. The rams in Group T1 and T2 showed significantly higher anti-SS antibody, serum growth hormone and IGF-1 concentrations and average body weight than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Immunisation with ptCS/2SS-asd promoted the growth of rams similar to the effect of the simple co-injection of CpG and SS DNA vacc...
Determinants of Rice Productivity in District Lower Dir, Khyber Pukhthunkhwa, Pakistan

Syed Amjad Kamal Jan* and Naushad Khan 

...cation and awareness programs; Expensive Agriculture Inputs; Tenancy and Land rent problems; Farm to market roads and small plots hurdles in production of rice etc in the study area. On the basis of problems and constraints, policy recommendation for control measures are given as:- Credit should be provided without interest rate in time according to requirement to farmers by bank; Agriculture extension programs should be lau...
Crossbred Dairy Cattle is the Answer to Improve Environment Dependent Productive and Physiological Responses – A Review
Juan Augusto Hernández-Rivera1, Jaime Molina-Ochoa2,*, Luis Jorge García-Márquez1, Omar Francisco Prado-Rebolledo1, Rafael Julio Macedo-Barragán1, Arturo César García-Casillas1 and Muhammad Irfan Ullah3
...ion in crossbreeding programs has gained interest in dairy cattlemen concerned by the global warming and greenhouse effect in the environment. This review shows and update of the crossbreeding in dairy cattle in both hemispheres. Here, is reviewed the effect of heat stress on dairy cattle; the mechanism of autoregulation; the benefits of the heterosis in crossbreeding cattle by hybridization; the body condition score in crossbred dairy cattle; the yields in cr...
Dietary Protein Level in the Practical Diet of Yellowfin Seabream, Acanthopagrus arabicus, Juveniles for Optimum Growth Performance, Survival and Carcass Composition
Naveed Ahmad1,*, P.J.A. Siddiqui1, Amjad Ali1, Khan Mir Khan2, Rafaqat Masroor3, Noor ul Akbar4, Muhammad Amin5 and Mohammad Attaullah6
...500 (P45) and 550 (P50) grams of protein kg-1 of dry matter. Thirty healthy fish (20.94±0.81g initial weight) were stocked in each floating net cage (1.5m x 1.5m x 1.5m), with three replicates of each treatment. The diets were fed to visual apparent satiation two times a day for a period of eight weeks. At the end of the trial, P40 appeared to have significant (P<0.05) influence on the growth performance. The percent weight g...
Use of Factor Scores in Multiple Regression for Predicting Live Weight in Indigenous Savak Akkaraman Lambs

 Adile Tatliyer1,*, Sinan Bas1 and Serdar Yagci2

 

...duct better breeding programs. Also, it is recommendable that periods in wide variability should be taken into consideration in selection program.

...
Evidence of Brucella abortus in Non-Preferred Caprine and Ovine Hosts by Real-time PCR Assay
Muhammad Zain Saleem1,*, Raheela Akhtar1, Asim Aslam1, Muhammad Imran Rashid2, Zafar Iqbal Chaudhry1, Muhammad Adeel Manzoor1, Bilal Ahmed Shah3, Rais Ahmed4 and Muhammad Yasin5
... most of the control programs rely on serological screening of brucellosis rather than molecular assay which could confirm the particular species circulating in ruminants. In this study 960 and 471 serum samples of goats and sheep were collected, respectively. After screening with Rose Bengal test (RBT), all seropositive samples were subjected to real-time PCR assay. RBT confirmed the seroprevalences of 19.32% ± 0.289 and 12.29% ± 0.0105 brucello...
Heterosis Expression Analysis and its Impact on Different Agro-Morphological Characters in Sunflower (H. Annuus L.) Hybrids

Ihsan Ullah Khan*, Muhammad Arshad, Muhammad Ayub Khan, Muhammad Ashraf, Ashiq Saleem, Sundas Awan, Samra Azam and Shamim Ul Sibtain Shah 

...rporated in breeding programs. 

...
Persistence of Newcastle Disease Virus Genotype II and Shedded Genotype VII in Poultry Farm Environment

Fady Samir1, Rania F. El Naggar2, Mohamed M. Hamoud3, Manal M. Zaki1, Abdulrhman M. Gamal1, Samah E. Laban1, Shaimaa A. E. Nasr1, El Shaimaa Ismael1, Osama K. Zahran1* 

...ntensive vaccination programs in many countries, including Egypt, Newcastle disease still being a significant threat to the poultry industry. Bad management for poultry byproducts (e.g. manure) might be a reason for environmental pollution which contaminate the environment either chemically through haphazard usage of medications and or biologically through massive use of homologous/heterologous vaccines especially the live ones. The aim of the curren...
Effect of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Rural Support Program in Natural Resource Management with Special Reference to Livestock

Anum Khursheed1, Malik Muhammad Shafi2 and Haidar Ali2* 

...d conducted training programs in different sectors regarding livestock. Livelihood of about (80%) of the sampled respondents had improved after training. Study concluded that AJKRSP has enormous effect on local community which contributed positively to livelihood of local community. 

...
Knowledge Gap of Improved Management Practices of Sugarcane Growers in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Arshad Farooq* and Muhammad Zafarullah Khan 

...aining and awareness programs through various types of mass media should be launched for reducing the knowledge gap and to equip the cane farmers with latest technology. 

...
Genetic Analysis of Yield and its Contributing Traits in Maize (Zea mays L.)

Abid Ali1*, Hidayat ur Rahman1, Farhatullah1 and Zahir Shah2 

... subsequent breeding programs. 

...
Molecular Characterization of Codling Moth Cydia pomonella (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Swat Valley Pakistan using Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Polymerase Chain Reaction
Hayat Zada1, Ahmad-Ur-Rahman Saljoqi1,*, Ijaz Ali2, Bashir Ahmad1, Abdul Waheed Khan2 and Shabeer Ahmad2
...ion and pest control programs.
...
Comparative Toxicity of some Selected Novel Chemistry Insecticides against Mealybug Drosicha mangiferae (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) Infesting Citrus Orchards in Pakistan

Hafiz Abdul Ghafoor*, Muhammad Afzal, Muhammad Luqman and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed 

...ture pest management programs against D. mangiferae mealybugs. 

...
In-vitro Toxicity Evaluation of some Phytoextracts against Mealybug Drosicha mangiferae (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) Infesting Citrus Orchards in Pakistan
Hafiz Abdul Ghafoor*, Muhammad Afzal, Muhammad Asam Riaz and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed
...d in pest management programs against D. mangiferae and other sucking insect pests.
...
Combined Impacts of Compost, Poultry Manure and NPK Fertilizers on Yield of Okra Plant (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)

Zafar Abbas1*, Muhammad Mubashir1, Umair Riaz1, Zeenat Javid1, Muhammad Ashraf1, Saeed ur Rehman1, Muhammad Javid Qamar1, Syed Ali Zulqadar1 and Shahzada Munawar Mehdi2 

... Agriculture (USDA) 100 grams of okra contains about 1.93g, 0.19 g, 7.45 g 3.2 g and 1.48 g of protein, fat, carbohydrates, fiber and sugar, respectively. As well as one gram of okra contain 31.3 mg and 299mg of vitamin K and potassium, respectively. Therefore, to examine the effect of different forms of fertilizers (organic and inorganic) on the yield and physiochemical attributes of okra Abelmoschus esculentus a field trial was conducted. For this purpose, o...
Ultrasonographic and Gross Pathological Studies on Testes and Epididymides of Rams and Bucks with Potential Lesions
Saeed Murtaza1,*, Nazir Ahmad2, Muhammad Asif Raza3, Muhammad Saleem Akhtar1, Muhammad Mazhar Ayaz4, Muhammad Ali5 and Rais Ahmed6
...ng of 30 organs of adult rams and bucks with spontaneous lesions of testes and epididymides and 10 normal organs was carried out, using a B-mode ultrasound scanner. Each organ was incised and the nature of lesions and their contents was observed. Ultrasonically, testes of normal rams and bucks appeared homogeneous and moderately echogenic. Mediastinum testis was seen as a centrally located hyperechoic line in longitudinal im...
A Contingent Valuation Study of Soil Conservation Program in Swat District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Ayub Khan* and Ghaffar Ali 

...ain and flood water. Programs at government and society level are required to control soil erosion. The objectives of this study are to seek the farm household willingness to pay (WTP) for forestation based soil conservation program on communal land in the Northern Area of Pakistan. Open-ended format of CVM is used for the elicitation of respondents’ WTP. For this purpose, a contingent valuation method (CVM) was used to elicit households WTP. A sample of...
Amino Acid Substitutions in Growth Hormone and Growth Hormone Receptor Genes Mutants in Camelus dromedarius
Sajida Sabahat1, Asif Nadeem1,*, Maryam Javed1, Muhammad Yasir Zahoor1, Shahid Nabeel1 and Abu Saeed Hashmi2
...and future selection programs.  
...
Preliminary Assessment of Stock Enhancement in Swimming Crab (Portunus trituberculatus) Based on Molecular Markers
Shanshan Cai1, Tianxiang Gao2, Binlun Yan3, Aiyi Zhu1 and Xiumei Zhang1,2,*
...he stock enhancement programs is crucial for fishery resources recovery, yet lack of proper methods hinders the precision and accuracy of such assessment. The swimming crab, Portunus trituberculatus is a commercially important species in Chinese fishery industry. However the natural resources of swimming crabs are declining and enhancement programs are being conducted for resources restoration for decades. In this stu...
Promoting the Reproductive Performance and Economic Indices of Zandi Ewes under an Accelerated Lambing System
Mahdi Khojastekey1, Majid Kalantar1, Jam Zaheer Ahmed2, Samiullah Khan3, Muhammad Altaf Hussain4, Rajwali Khan5 and Sayed Haidar Abbas Raza6*
... 98 ewes were exposed to rams all year-round without any hormonal treatment.2) in treatment group 191 ewes were exposed to rams 3 times in two years by means of hormonal treatment. In the second group ewes were treated with progesterone sponge for 14 days prior to the mating and received 400 IU of PMSG at sponge removal. Reproductive, productive and economic records of ewes were collected for two years and data were analyzed...
Genetic Polymorphisms of IGF-1 Gene in Pakistani Marecha Camel
Sajida Sabahat1, Asif Nadeem1,*, Maryam Javed1, Muhammad Yasir Zahoor1, Abu Saeed Hashmi1, Ghulam Yasein2 and Ghulam Abbas1 
...and future selection programs.  

 

...
Monitoring Anthelmintics Resistance and Assessing Effectiveness of Herbal Anthelmintics against Small Ruminants’ Nematodes Infection in Pakistan

Abdul Razzaq1*, Muhammad Islam2, Zahra Islam3, Zahida Fatima1, Munib Hussain4 and Farmanullah5,6 

... alternative control programs including herbal use against these worms is also an important option. To explore the problem, three available synthetic anthelmintic (Oxfendazole alone, oxfendazole-Levamisole combination and Ivermectin) were administered to natural major nematodes (Haemonchus, Trichuris, Strongyloides and Trichostrongylus) infected sheep and goats. Overall results revealed susceptibility of these anthelmintics (97-99% Confidence Interval of Faeca...
Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus Subtype H9N2 in Poultry in North Africa: Current Status

Khaled Kaboudi* 

...gypt and serosurveys programs showed high positivity, particularly in poultry workers. Genetic analysis demonstrated that the most of H9N2 viruses circulating in North Africa were among the G1-lineage group. The presence of mammalian and human genetic markers were reported in several H9N2 strains, indicating possible risk for public health. Control of LPAI H9N2 subtype infection is currently based on biosecurity and the implementation of vaccination in some co...
Visitors’ Willingness to Pay for Conservation of the Biodiversity and Tourism in Kalam Valley of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Sanaullah1, Fazli Rabbi2*, Shahid Ali2, Zeeshan Khan3 and Muhammad Zamin4 

...oreover, development programs shall be initiated to attract tourists vis-à-vis realize the objectives of the sustainable management and conservation of biodiversity. 

...
Analysing the Effectiveness of Agricultural Extension Activities in District Muzaffarabad-AJK-Pakistan

Urooba Pervaiz1*, Madeeha Iqbal1 and Dawood Jan2 

...satisfied with radio programs, television programs, exhibitions, pamphlets, and farmer day. It was concluded that production of maize in the study area was increased up to 910 kg/acre after extension recommendations. In case of wheat production was increased from 1177.50 kg/acre after extension recommendations to 1806.25 kg/acre. 

...
A Knowledge, Agricultural Practices, Health and Management Survey Related to Pesticide Applications in Peach Orchards of Swat, Malakand

Shazia Akhtar1, Abdul Samad1*, Afshan Gohar1, Muhammad Munir Shahid2, Muhammad Ishtiaq1, Arslan Sarwer1, Adnan Khan1 and Karam Ahad1 

...unching of extension programs on pesticide alternatives. It is concluded that field workers in Swat Malakand, extensively uses pesticides and in spite of their awareness about pesticides effects their protective measures are very poor. The low level of awareness in the study area and the public health and environmental consequences resulting from the misuse of pesticides is alarming. Proper training is required to handle the pesticides for farmers in peach orc...
Drought Tolerance Screening in Thirty Common Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes

Ajmalud Din1*, Munir Ahmad2, Fahad Masoud Watto2, Sheraz Ahmed1, Imtiaz Ali1 and Muhammad Kausar Nawaz Shah2 

...ce in wheat breeding programs to develop high yielding varieties for arid, drought and rainfed areas. 

...
Strengths and Weaknesses of Trainings Imparted to Peri-urban Vegetable Growers in the Punjab-Pakistan

Gulfam Hassan1*, Ijaz Ashraf2, Muhammad Qavi Irshad3, Shafiq-ur-Rehman Zia2 and Muhammad Idrees4 

...trengths of training programs. While looking into weaknesses of trainings, vegetable growers disclosed the unavailability of literature and bad condition of training equipment the top most weaknesses of trainings. On basis of results it is recommended that Extension Field Staff (EFS) should organize more trainings equipped with appropriate literature and skilled trainers for the enhanced awareness. 

...
Specific PCR-based Marker for Identification of Common Carp ‘Hainan’ in China
Muhammad Younis Laghari1,2, Zixia Zhao1, Yiwen Gong3, Punhal Lashari1,2, Shangqi Li1, Jian Xu1 , Ateeque Rahman Khooharo4, Jiongtang Li1,* and Yan Zhang1*
...d selective breeding programs for Hainan common carp.
...
Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Activity in Some Inflammatory Conditions in Barki Sheep

Asmaa A. Darwish 

...oint our therapeutic programs and frustrate our expectation for curing. This work aimed to assess the most important clinicopathological alterations related to sheep pneumonia, arthritis and enteritis and spot the light on MMP-2 and MMP-9 diagnostic and prognostic accuracy in these conditions. 80 barki lambs were divided into four groups control group (CG), pneumonic group (PG), arthritic group (AG) and enteric group (EG). Blood samples were collected from the...
Migration of Two Atyid Shrimps, Caridina sakishimensis (Fujino and Shokita, 1976) and Caridina typus (H. Millne Edwards, 1937) in Urabaru, Kikai-jima Island, Southern Japan
Anila Naz Soomro1*, Hiroshi Suzuki2, Sadaf Tabassum Qureshi3 and Wazir Ali Baloch1
...e length frequency histograms showed the occurrence of large number of juveniles at St. 3, 4 and 5 in smaller length groups. Also C. typus ovigerous females exhibiting spawning migration to the downstream and its juvenile also migrate back to upstream after completing the larval development in Urbaru stream were also observed. Presence of C. sakishsimensis at only St. 1 indicates the species is not using the river continuum for migration. Due to ...
Susceptibility of Ceratitis capitata Field and Laboratory Strains to Malathion and Spinosad in Tunisia
Meriem Msaad Guerfali1,*, Heitham Hamden1, Salma Fadhl1, Wafa Djobbi1, Lotfi Sillini1, Wafa Marzouki1 and Mohammed Ammar2
...esistance management programs.

...
Genetic Analysis for Yield Traits using F3 Populations in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)

Fazli Ahad1, Raziuddin1, Nazir Ahmad1,2*, Muhammad Nauman1, Touheed Iqbal3, Nabeel Khan1, Fazli Hameed4 and Quaid Hussain2 

...re rapeseed breeding programs. 

...
Expression Analysis of BMPR1B, BMP15, GDF9, Smad1, Smad5, and Smad9 in Rams with Different Fecundity
Weihao Chen1,2, Zhilong Tian2, Lin Ma2, Shangquan Gan3, Wei Sun1,4,* and Mingxing Chu2,*
...nd Smad9 genes in rams with different fecundity, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to investigate the expression level of six genes in the brain, cerebellum, hypothalamus, pituitary, testis, epididymis, vas deferens, and adrenal gland in high fecundity (Small Tail Han sheep) and low fecundity (Sunite sheep) rams. The results were as follows: BMPR1B, GDF9, Smad1, Smad5
Bovine Tuberculosis (bTB)-Isolation and Species-Specific Identification of Mycobacterium bovis from Bovine Raw Milk in Pakistan

Asad Ullah1*, Umar Sadique2, Sultan Ayaz1, Muhammad Subhan Qureshi2 and Farhan Anwar Khan2 

...evention and control programs of this NZD in the KP province of Pakistan is necessary because of the continual unrestricted movement of infected animals and the use of unpasteurized milk which might result in an increased spread of bTB to human population. 

...
Determinants of Rice Productivity in District Nasirabad, Balochistan

Umar Hayat1, Khalid Khan2, Saima Liaqat3 and Guo Xiangyu4* 

...ld introduce precise programs for the upgradation of water systems, farmers’ training, input, and credit accessibility to enhance spur rice productivity. 

...
High Rate of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) among Asymptomatic Pregnant Women in a Resource-poor Setting in the Middle Belt Zone of Nigeria

Cornelius Arome Omatola*, Samson Daniel Iyeh, Shedrach James Abuh, Charles Kehinde Mofolorunsho, Martin-Luther Oseni Okolo and Phoebe Queen Akoh 

.... Hence intervention programs including comprehensive screening of pregnant women with increased access to health care and treatment of confirmed cases at an affordable cost should be promoted to reduce STIs thereby reducing associated morbidities and mortalities.  

...
Correlates of Poverty in Azad Jammu and Kashmir: A Logit Analysis

Gulnaz Hameed1, Abdul Saboor1, Khuram Nawaz Sadozai2*, Ghaffar Ali2, Dawood Jan2 and Mansoor Rasheed3 

...ommunity development programs have been launched for long times. The research gap needs to be addressed is an empirical analysis of contribution of such initiatives in the welfare of masses through poverty reduction in the area. This research endeavor is designed to figure out the impact of one of such projects named as Azad Jammu and Kashmir Community Development (AJKCDP) through poverty estimation and exploring the correlates of poverty in AJ and K. Multista...
Monitoring of Antioxidant Vitamins Concentrations in Some Ovine Diseases

Asmaa Abdallah Darwish 

...ent and prophylactic programs for human and animal. Unfortunately, few studies investigated their concentrations in different sheep diseases. So, this paper aimed to assess the antioxidant vitamins (E, A, D3 and C) levels in some sheep physiological and pathological conditions. For this purpose, 200 barki ewes were divided into control group, inflammatory diseases groups (pneumonic group, arthritic group, enteric group), late pregnant groups (normal late pregn...
Insecticidal Potential of Native Diatomaceous Earth Against Sitophilus granarius (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Muhammad Salim1*, Ayhan Gökçe1, Muhammad Nadir Naqqash1 and Orkun Ersoy2 

...ntally sound control programs for in sito management of granary weevils, it will be necessary to expand the present study based on life table to get a comprehensive understanding and to determine the effect DE has on granary weevils and other grain pests when it is combined with plant extracts. 

...
Genetic Divergence and Heritability Studies for Yield and Yield Attributes in Various Accessions of Desi Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
Muhammad Mohibullah1*, Mehran1, Sundas Batool1, Muhammad Amin1, Zakiullah1, Muhammad Ilyas2, Irfanullah1, Abdur Rehman1 and Sardar Ali3
... in further breeding programs to introduce ideotype chickpea genotypes.
...
An Assessment of Technical Efficiency of Tomato Farms in District Lasbela, Balochistan

Khalid Khan1, Marguerite Wotto2, Saima Liaqat3, Gulawar Khan1, Balach Rasheed1, Sara Rafiq4 and Guo Xiangyu5* 

...nd informal training programs for the farmers to enhance the productivity.  

...

A. S. M. El-Nuby1† , S. A. Montasser2 and I. A. El-Khadrawy

Control of root-knot nematodes using wild plants colonized Sinai, Egypt
...n combating nematode programs especially for small-holder growers colonized Sinai Peninsula.

...

Farid Ullah Khan1, Muhammad Iqbal1 

DEVELOPMENT OF A TESTING RIG FOR VIBRATION AND WIND BASED ENERGY HARVESTERS
... adding a weight of 500 grams and 1000 grams respectively. In the developed
testing rig, the wind tunnel is capable of producing an air velocity from 0.4 to 11 m/s at the corresponding
fan speed of 1000 rpm to 10000 rpm respectively. Furthermore, the reported wind tunnel is quite able to producing
a maximum mass flow rate of 0.170 kg/s. 

...

 Muhammad Khurram Ali*, Raft Javed Qureshi**, Mirza Jahanzaib***

SELECTING FACILITY LOCATION USING HYBRID METHODOLOGIES IN GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE: A CASE OF CEMENT PLANT
...ines in theconcerned programs.Stability analysis with respect to change ofpriorities and change of cost and capacity constraints has provided an in depth scenario evaluation which has added value to the degree of reliability and confidence regarding ac...

Hazrat Hussain*, Muhammad Ibrahim**, Navid Ahmed***, Zia ul Haq**, Bashir Alam***

ASSESSMENT OF SEDIMENT TRANSPORT LOAD FROM GOAML RIVER AND ITS IMPACT ON THE GOMAL ZAM DAM LIFESPAN
...a and are shown by histograms and bar graphs. The relations developed are applicable only to the Gomal River system. It is hoped that the study will invite interest and attention of planners, researchers, and all those concerned with the problems and menace of soil erosion, sediment load concentration in hydraulic structures and its impact over the life span of hydraulic structures i.e dams deemed to be constructed across the river with the...
Association of Malnutrition with the Weaning Practices among Infants Visiting Pediatric Medicine Department of DHQ Hospital, Chakwal
Shagufta Parveen1*, Kousar Perveen1, Muhammad Afzal1, Syed Amir Gilani2, Muhammad Musadaq3
...ant was measured in kilograms and cm, respectively, and recorded. Data was entered in SPSS version 26 and analyzed for results. A total of 200 infants were included in the study, of which 94 (47%) of infants were less than 6 months old, and 106 (53%) were 6-12 months old. 102 infants (51%) were male and 98 (49%) were female. 113 (56.5%) infants under study were started weaning at less than 6 months of age of which 58 (51.3%) were found to be underweight for th...

Hafsa Naheed* and Hidayat-Ur-Rahman

Genotype by Environment Interactions of Vegetative Growth Traits of Bread Wheat Genotypes
...sed in hybridization programs to combine these characteristics in single line, or to transfer them to other high yielding varieties.

...

Attiq ur Rehman1,2*, Iftikhar Hussain Khalil3 and Ihtisham Ali4

Genetic Diversity and Traits Association in Tetraploid and Hexaploid Wheat Genotypes in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan
...uture wheat breeding programs in the area.

...
Sajad Ali1*, Naeem Ur Rehman Khatak1, Iftikhar Ahmad2, Jangraiz Khan3 and Azra4
Impact of Socioeconomic Factors and farm Size on Wheat Productivity: A Case Study of District Peshawar, Pakistan
...ctor should initiate programs to educate and train the farmers in order to bring advance techniques or improve theirconventional agriculture practices to increase wheat productivity.

...
Muhammad Yaseen1*, Xu Shiwei2, Yu Wen2, Ejaz Ashraf1, Muhammad Luqman1, Muhammad Ameen3 and Sadia Hassan4
Farmers Behavior to Participate in Public Sector Agricultural Extension Services: Comparative Analysis of Pakistan and China
...ssive adult literacy programs to increase the educational level of the farming community together with the involvement of youth in agricultural farming and agro-based enterprises to achieve sustainable rural livelihood and improved living standards.

...
Performance of Kivircik Sheep under Three Lambing Systems in Two Years
Mikail Arslan1, Orhan Yilmaz2, Bahattin Cak2* and Ahmet Fatih Demirel2
...cik ewes and 15 Kivircik rams were used. Ewes were subjected to a system of lambing every 8 months. Ewes were mated in August (summer), April (spring) and December (winter), respectively. Ewes were synchronized using FIS (intravaginal flourogestone sponges) for 14 days. Additionally, 600 IU eCG (equine chorionic gonadotropin) was administered intramuscularly at sponges withdrawal. Rams remained with the ewes for 3-day from t...
Identification of Chlamydophila abortus in Abomasum Content of Aborted Sheep and Goats by PCR
Zeki Aras1*, Gökçenur Sanioğlu Gölen1, Zafer Sayin2 and Ali Evren Haydardedeoğlu3
...trol and vaccination programs for the fight against C. abortus infection should be determined and implemented in Turkey.
...
Comparative Bioefficacy of Indigenous Phytoextracts against Subterranean Termites Odontotermes obesus Ramb. (Isoptera: Termitidae)
Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Muhammad Shahzad Akbar1, Muhammad Afzal1, Muhammad Mustaqeem2, Muhammad Luqman3, Ijaz Asghar4 and Muhammada Asam Riaz1
...ture pest management programs against subterranean termites and other insect pests. 

Comparative Toxicity of Phyto-Extracts of Indigenous Flora of Soone Valley against some Insect Pests of Agricultural and Urban Importance
Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Muhammad Afzal1,Muhammad Asam Riaz1,Kanwer Shahzad Ahmed1, Muhammad Luqman2, Mehar Zubair Shehzad1, Muhammad Bilal Tayyab1, Mujahid Tanvir1 and Saadia Wahid1
... the pest management programs against agricultural and urban insect pests. 

Developing Microsatellite Multiplex PCR Panels for Topmouth Culter (Culter alburnus) and their Application in Parentage Assignment
Jianjun Fu1, Shili Liu2, 3, Wenbin Zhu1, Yongyi Jia2, 3, Lanmei Wang1, Yufen Yang4, Zhimin Gu2, 3*and Zaijie Dong1*
...improvement breeding programs of C. alburnus offer an essential strategy in developing a sustainable solution. In this study, we developed three multiplex PCR panels, including twelve microsatellite loci for C. alburnus, and applied parentage analyses using 36 candidate parents and 136 offspring from four independent artificial breeding pilots. Based on allele frequency analysis using 36 candidate parents, the number of alleles ranged from 7 to 2...
Association of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms of MDR1 and OPN Genes with Reproductive Traits in Different Breeds of Sows
Yifan Ni1, Jian Liu1, Fen Wu1, Jianfeng Cai1, Jinzhi Zhang1*, Jianqing Hua2 and Jiping Fu2
...sted Selection (MAS) programs for rapid improvement of the reproductive traits in sows.
...

Muhammad Iqbal1, Muhammad Ehetisham ul Haq1*, Muhammad Kamran1, Muhammad Idrees1, Shahid Nazir2, Ihsan Ullah3, Sumera Naz1, Shaukat Ali1 and Muhammad Zafar Iqbal2

Morpho-Molecular Characterization of Xanthomonas Axonopodis Pv. Citri Associated with Kinnow (Mandarin) and its Management
...ation and management programs around the globe. The present study was coined to record the incidence of the disease in the Sargodha districts of the Punjab province. Furthermore, isolated bacterium from diseased samples was characterized morphologically and molecularly. The relative efficacy of commercially available antibiotics against the pathogen was evaluated in the lab and in field conditions. A systematic survey of randomly ten localities/sampling sites ...

 Shafii Abdullahi Mohamed1, Abdiaziz Idiris Mohamud2*, Yonis Abukar Mohamed3, Pravin Mishra4 and Osman Sheikh Ali Jama5

Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Population Towards Brucellosis in Benadir Region, Somalia
...iderate by providing programs or any other technique that can be helpful.

...

Ali Zohaib1*, Habib Ullah2, Shakeel Ahmad Anjum2, Tahira Tabassum2, Muzzammil Hussain1, Mohsin Nawaz3, Ghulam Abbas4 and Sohail Irshad5

Effect of NPK Fertilization Strategies on Growth, Yield, Nutrient Use Efficiency and Economic Benefits of Relay Intercropped Wheat in Cotton
...ion of fertilization programs. This 2-years study was performed to investigate the influence of different strategies related to NPK fertilization timing viz. T1 (control, no NPK application), T2 (all PK at sowing, ½ N at tillering and ½ at booting), T3 (½ PK at sowing, ½ NPK at tillering and ½ N at booting), T4 (all PK at sowing, ½ N at sowing and ½ at tillering), T5 (all PK at tillering, ½ N at tillering...

Imran Ahmad Rana*, Muhammad Ali Yab and Ch. Abdul Rehman

Quality Engineering Tools Implementation a Comparison of Indian and Pakistani Business Organizations
...rget advance quality programs for the countries by going through analysis of selected aspects and recommendations for deploying and implementing DMAIC methodology. 

...

Mehar Ul Nissa Rais1*, Tahmina Mangan1, Jam Ghulam Murtaza Sahito1 and Naeem Ahmed Qureshi2

A Trend Analysis: Forecasting Growth Performance of Production and Export of Chilli in Pakistan
...rganize the training programs to increase the awareness among the chilli growers to increase chilli production and quality for increase export share in the world market.

...
Alleviating the Drought Stress in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by Foliar Application of Amino Acid and Yeast
Imran Haider1, Muhammad Aown Sammar Raza1*, Rashid Iqbal1, Salman Ahmad1,2, Muhammad Usman Aslam1, Muhammad Israr3, Umair Riaz4, Maliha Sarfraz5, Nasir Abbas6, Salman Haidar Abbasi7, Zafar Abbas8 and Muhammad Aamer9
 
 
...vely. STATISTICS 8.1 programs were used for data analysis. Drought spell significantly reduced the growth development and wheat yield as compared to control treatment. Application of both growth enhancer amino acid and yeast significantly mitigated the adversarial effect of drought on the wheat as compared to the treatments in which drought was imposed without the application of yeast and amino acid. However, yeast more effectively moderated drought effects th...
Thinking based Instructional Practices and Academic Achievement of Undergraduate Science Students: Exploring the Role of Critical Thinking Skills and Dispositions
Ghazanfar Ali and Riffat-un-Nisa Awan*
...ience students of BS programs, was selected from three selected universities and surveyed through a questionnaire. The results of data analyses revealed gender wise differences in perceived level of CTIPs, CTS and AA in favor of female students. Students of physics were found better in CTS and students of chemistry were found better in academics. Teachers of chemistry were employing CTIPs more frequently than the other departments. The results also revealed th...
Analysis of Genetic Variations in Soybean using Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) Markers
Mashal Malik and Mudassar Nawaz Khan*
 
...e useful in breeding programs.
...
Effect of Saline Water on Growth, Yield and Ions Content in Spinach Genotypes

Saleem Maseeh Bhatti1*, Aslam Khan Gadehi1, Inayatullah Rajpar1, Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro2, Mukesh Kumar Soothar1 and Zohaib Ur Rehman Bughio1

 

 

...aves (20.86±0.50 grams) than Sindhi spinach (18.82±0.27 grams). The concentration of Na+ increased up to 3.4 times and Cl- concentration enhanced up to 2.7 times in leaves of spinach genotypes while no profound effects on K+ concentration in leaves was observed. English spinach accumulated significantly more Na+ and Cl-, and less K+ than Sindhi s...
Genetic Diversity Among Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Genotypes for Maturity and Yield Traits

Faiza Aman1,*, Neelam Ara1 and Syed Mehar Ali Shah2

 

 

... use in pea breeding programs.
...
Impact of Micro Finance on the Agricultural Development in Balochistan, Pakistan
Tariq Ali Mastoi1, Zulfiqar Ali Mastoi2*, Zahoor Ahmed Khetran3, Ghulam Hussain Alizai2, Binish Baig4, Mitha Khan2 and Syed Jahangir Shah1
 
 
...ay initiate training programs for farmers to make the process of the loan more feasible and character building programs for the bank staff.
...
Effect of Different Sonication Protocols on Merino Ram Sperm Parameters

 Caner Öztürk1*, Mücahid Onay1 and Neşe Hayat Aksoy2

... sonication. Four merino rams (2–3 years old) were used for semen collection, and the ejaculates were pooled and divided into five equal aliquots. The samples were diluted with a solution having different additives at 37 °C. The first two groups contained L-Cystine as an additive (2 and 4 mM), the next two groups had methionine as an additive (2 and 4 mM), and the last group had no additives (control). After dilution, the semen samples were cooled at...
Genetic Analysis of Morpho-Physiological Traits in Sunflower Hybrids
Uzma Ayaz1,* and Muhammad Fareed Khan2
 

...d in future breeding programs of sunflower.
...
B-ultrasonography: An Accurate and Noninvasive Method for Pregnancy Diagnosis in Pangolins
Fuhua Zhang, Yishuang Yu and Shibao Wu*
...ent captive breeding programs are critical for the conservation of Sunda pangolins and other pangolin species.
...
Assessment of Genetic Variability in F4 Populations of Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

Tanweer Fatah Abro1, Asif Ali Kaloi1, Jay Kumar Sootaher1*, Piar Ali Shar1, Tarique Ahmed Baloch2, Tanveer Ali Soomro1, Muhammad Saleem Chang3, Kirshan Kumar Menghwar1 and Waqar Hussain Shah4

...d in future breeding programs for improving seed cotton yield and fiber quality traits in upland cotton.

...
Utilization of ICTs for Availing Agricultural Information in District Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa- Pakistan

Mohammad Tariq Aziz* and Ayesha Khan

...ts were aware of the programs about agriculture programs on mobile or internet in which more than half of the respondents (54.8%) got awareness from extension agents, 19.5% by themselves, 17.4% by fellow farmers and 4% through private companies. Major problems encountered in receiving information were weak radio and TV signals, poor internet facility, less contact with extension workers and load shedding of electricity. Farm...
Exploration of Grain Yield Stability of Advanced Chickpea Strains Across Environments

Muhammad Tariq Mahmood1*, Muhmmad Akhtar2, Kaiser Latif Cheema2, Mushtaq Ahmad1, Muhammad Jahanzaib Khalid2, Afzal Zahid2, Muhammad Kashif3 and Zeshan Ali4

... genetic improvement programs. The research aimed to determine the yield stability of sixteen advance chickpea strains was carried out at eleven diversified locations across the Punjab province of Pakistan during cropping season 2019-20. GGE biplot and mega environment analysis were employed to identify the most stable and high yielding chickpea advance strains. GGE biplot among PC1 and PC2 illustrated that G-10 (K-15019) was ideal genotype performing best acr...
Evaluation of Genetic Diversity in Barley Landraces through Agro-Morphological and Biochemical Characterization

Arshad Khan1, Mohammad Ihsan1, Mohammad Nisar1, Ali Hazrat1*, Murad Ali3, Rashid Ul-Haq3, Khalid Khan2, Karishma Gul1 and Shah Faisal1 

... be used in breeding programs. For this purpose, 40 barley landraces were collected from Dir Lower and Swat, districts of KP, Pakistan. A total of 18 traits were recorded, 10 qualitative characters including spike density, awn barbs, glume awn, lemma type and awn color, length of the rechilla hairs, lemma color, auricle pigmentation, photoperiod sensitivity and stem pigmentation. Variation was observed in these qualitative traits through frequency distribution...
Analysis of Food and Nutrition Security in Pakistan: A Contribution to Zero Hunger Policies

Abdul Hameed1*, Ihtsham Ul Haq Padda1 and Abdul Salam2

...cy interventions and programs to tackle food and nutrition insecurity and achieving zero hunger.

...
Co-circulation of different Infectious Bronchitis Virus serotypes In Egypt During 2012

Fawzy Rania1, AboElkhair M.1, Bazid A.M.1, Sultan H.2, Hussien A.H.3

...existing vaccination programs.

...
PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS AND PATHOGENECITY ASSESSMENT OF LOCALLY ISOLATED STRAIN OF HPAI VIRUS IN EGYPT IN 2016
Dalia M. Omar1, Nermeen A. Marden1, Lamiaa M. Gaafar1, Elham A. El-ebiary1, Khalid El-Dougdoug2, Badawi Othman2, Abd Elsattar Arafa3, Hussein A. Hussein4
...although vaccination programs applied and other control
measures.
Objectives: The present study was designed for detection, isolation, identification and characterization
of Avian influenza viruses (AIV) circulating among poultry in 2016 to determine its suitability to be
used in vaccine quality control in Egypt.
Methods: The newly isolated virus was identified and subtyped antigenically by serologica...
Evaluation of Turkey humoral immune response to Avian Influenza and Turkey Rhinotracheitis viruses’ vaccines

Rana A. Rabiea1, Mohamed Fawzy2, Mohamed H. Khodeir3 and MokhtarM. EL-Tarabili2

...designed vaccination programs using highly potent
and safe vaccines.
Aim: The present study investigated the effect of simultaneous administration of inactivated AI
vaccine and live attenuated TRT vaccine on the immune response of turkey chickens.
Methods: Four groups of bronzy turkey chickens were used in this study; group-1 received live
attenuated TRT vaccine, group-2 received inactivated AI vaccin...
Experimental efficacy evaluation of inactivated and live Newcastle disease virus vaccines of genotypes II and VII against wild type virus
Karim M. Selim1, Abdullah A. Selim1, abdelsattar Arafa1, Hussein A. Hussein2, Ahmed A. El-Sanousi2
...ared two vaccination programs against NDV in chickens,
one using genotype VII inactivated and live NDV vaccine are available in the market and
second group used genotype II inactivated LaSota vaccine with live vaccine.
Method: NDV isolate designated NDV-GZ-986F-2015 was isolated from a commercial
broiler farm in Egypt and characterized as a virulent strain was used for challenge. Contact
chicks were a...
Perception of Dairy Farmers Regarding Antibiotic Use and Antimicrobial Resistance in Bangladesh

Md. Sahidur Rahman1*, Tishita Ape1, Md. Islam1 and Sharmin Chowdhury2

...cessity of awareness programs for farmers and antimicrobial stewardship programs targeting veterinarians, and other stakeholders to reduce the antimicrobial resistance crisis. 

...
Farmers’ Perceptions, Awareness and Adoption of Improved Groundnut Varieties in Potwar Plateau of Pakistan

Khalid Mehmood1*, Abdul Rehman2 and Ammara Khan1

... in farmers training programs. Farmers’ conventional behavior, lack of awareness, lack of access to quality seed, and lack of promotion of improved crop varieties were found as the major challenges in adoption of improved groundnut varieties in Pakistan. It is suggested that concrete measures should be taken for availability of the reliable seed of improved crop varieties to the farmers. The extension department may encourage the conventional farmers to ...
Polyethylene Glycol (Peg) Mediated In Vitro Characterization of Sugarcane (CP-77/400) Calli and Regenerated Plantlets

Ayesha Gul1, Mohammad Sayyar Khan1*, Mazhar Ullah1 and Iqbal Munir3

... the future breeding programs.
...
Insecticidal Potential of Indigenous Flora of Soon Valley against Asian Citrus Psyllid Diaphorina citri Kuwayama and Cotton Aphid Aphis gossypii Glover
Muhammad Bilal Tayyab1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Muhammad Asam Riaz1, Muhammad Anjum Aqueel2, Sylvain Nafiba Ouedraogo3, Muhammad Luqman4, Kanwer Shahzad Ahmed1 and Mujahid Tanvir1
...cation in future IPM programs against these and other sap-feeding insect pests.

...
Evaluation of Pakistani Wheat against Aphid, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) under Favourable Weather Conditions in Peshawar, Pakistan

Usman Khalique*, Muhammad Zahid, Noor Fatima, Syed Jawad Ahmad Shah

... for future breeding programs. Further, it is necessary to identify the resistant genes in these varieties that could be incorporated in future wheat cultivars.

...
Assessment for Agronomic and Grain Qualitative Attributes of Wheat Cultivars under Agro-ecological Conditions of Faisalabad

Muhammad Dawood1,2, Naeem Sarwar2, Muhammad Umer Chattha1, Imran Khan1, Muhammad Bilal Chattha3*, Faiz Hussain4, Muhammad Mahmood Iqbal5, Muhammad Akram4, Hammad Husnain5, Muhammad Shahid5, Mussarrat Hussain6 and Muhammad Umair Hassan1

...d in future breeding programs for development of high yielding varieties with good quality for semi-arid regions.

...
Comparison of Expression Patterns of Six Canonical Clock Genes in Year-Round Estrous and Seasonal Estrous Rams
Weihao Chen1, 2, Zhilong Tian1, Lin Ma1, Shangquan Gan3, Wei Sun2, 4* and Mingxing Chu1*
...ed in year-round estrous rams (Small Tail Han sheep, STH) and seasonal estrous rams (Sunite sheep, SNT). The result showed that all six genes were expressed in brain, cerebellum, hypothalamus, pituitary, testis, epididymis, vas deferens and adrenal gland tissues in both breeds. The expression level of Clock and BMAL1 showed similar trends in the brain, cerebellum, hypothalamus, pituitary, testis and epididymis ...
Farmers' Knowledge Level Regarding Climate Smart Agricultural Production Technologies in Central Plain Valley of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Arshad Farooq1, Abdul Hassan1, Muhammad Ishaq2, Asif Nawaz3*, Iltaf Ullah4 and Hidayatullah5

...inings and awareness programs regarding climate change to overcome the effect on agriculture. 

...
Bovine Tuberculosis (bTB): Detection of Mycobacterium bovis Infection with Specie-specific Primers in Sputum Samples in Pakistan

Asad Ullah1*, Umar Sadique2, Ibadullah Jan2, Imad Khan1, Raheela Taj3, Mumtaz Ali Khan4, Salah-ud-din4, Naimat Ullah Khan1

...evention and control programs of this NZD in the KP province, Pakistan is necessary because of the continual unrestricted movement of the animals which might result in an increased spread of bTB to humans.

...
Fluoroquinolones Resistance Pattern of Escherichia coli from Apparently Healthy Broiler Chickens in Egypt

Mohamed S. Hussein1*, Hanan A. Fahmy2, Ashraf A. Abd El Tawab3 

...ing and surveillance programs and cooperation between the sectors related to the epidemiology of these determinants.

Keywords | Antimicrobial resistance, Broiler chickens, Commensals, Escherichia coli, Fluoroquinolones 

...
Studies on Haematological and some Serum Biochemical Changes by Oral Administration of Gossypol from Cotton Seed Cake in Rabbits

Altaf Mahmood1*, Muhammad Athar Khan2, Saima Parveen3, Tanveer Hussain4 and Ayesha Azad5

...rabbit at the rate of 4 grams per kg live weight for entire experiment period of 60 days. Analysis of fortnightly collected blood specimens revealed significantly (p <0.05) decreased hematocrit, total red blood cell count, mean corpuscular volume, haemoglobin concentration and inorganic phosphorous level of serum whereas significantly (p < 0.05) decreased mean corpuscular haemoglobin, red cell distribution width, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentratio...
Efficacy of Phosphorus Application on Yield in Different Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Genotypes

Hera Gul Mohmmand1, Rozina Gul1, Hamayoon Khan2, Sheraz Ahmed1*, Laila Fayyaz1, Ajmalud Din1 and Imtiaz Ali1

...us chickpea breeding programs for higher seed yield. Considering current findings, this study suggests that application of phosphorus to chickpea fields is recommendable for higher seed yield and hence is justified from economic perspective.

...
Evaluation of Herbal Choline and Methionine Supplementation on a Milk Production in Dairy Cows

Fulencio Ferretiz-Rodríguez1, Jose Alejandro Roque-Jiménez1, Héctor A. Lee-Rangel1*, Gregorio Alvarez-Fuentes1, Juan Carlos Garcia-Lopez1, Rolando Rojo-Rubio2 

...IO) supplementation (15 grams/cow/day), Optimethionine (OP) supplementation (9 grams/cow/day), and BIO x OP supplementation, with a duration of 60 days. Optimethionine treatments decrease milk production (P ≤ 0.05), but fat corrected production was higher (P ≤ 0.05) when cows were supplemented with BIO. The chemical composition of the milk did not show differences between treatments. Plasma urea and cholesterol were no...
Genetic Diversity of Alnus nitida Reported from Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Javed Khan1, Abdul Majid1, Mohammad Nisar2*, Ali Hazrat2, Nausheen Nazir3, Muhammad Zahoor3, Mohammad Ihsan2, Azhar Hussain Shah1, Muhamad Ajmal Khan4 and Muhammad Yahya1

...y in future breeding programs. Based on cluster analysis all the genotypes were divided into two main lineages; lineage A which is further divided into 3 clusters (C1, C2, and C3), and lineage B, further divided into 2 clusters (C4 and C5). The principal component analysis estimated the total variations in the range of 51.43 to 100% with an Eigenvalue of 0.25. It was concluded from the results that Alnus nitida L. genotypes available in Pakistan have come from...
Discussing One Health: Veterinary Public Health, Health Communication, and Collaborations and Partnerships

Jan Clyden B. Tenorio

...tegral to successful programs. Moreover, how a One Health institution thrives is heavily reliant on how the separate, yet interconnected branches effectively communicate to each other. The aim of this paper is to consider some One Health points of discussion that are worthy of highlighting despite their pretermit nature. Discussions on One Health as a lens in viewing NTDs in the Philippines, an appreciation of veterinary public health as veterinary medicine&rs...
Genetic Variability and Performance of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Genotypes for Yield Related Agro-Morphologic and Fiber Quality traits under Water Deficit Natural Environment

Hafeez-ur-Rehman1*, Umar Farooq1, Muhammad Asim Bhutta2, Saghir Ahmad2, Muhammad Akram2, Muhammad Rafiq Shahid2, Hammad Hussnain2, Muhammad Shahid2, Muhammad Mehmood Iqbal2, Ali Raza2 and Muhammad Iqbal2

... in various breeding programs with the aim to improve drought tolerance in cotton.

...
The Prevalence of Trichostrongyle Infection among Sheep in Saudi Arabia and Association Non-Modified Risk Factors

Ahmed Abdel-Rady1,2, Walaa Mostafa3* 

... sustainable control programs. Risk factors of age, season, and sex were considered as factors influencing nematodes prevalence. These findings should contribute to advising appropriate control programs.

Keywords | Sheep, Trichostrongyle egg, Prevalence, Season, Sex, Age 

...
The Influence of Seasonal Factors on the Quantitative and Qualitative Parameters of Ram Semen of the Dzhalginsky Merino Breed

Tatyana Mamontova1*, Konstantin Katkov1, Natalia Kizilova2 and Ali-Magomet Aybazov1

...centration, survival) of rams bred in mid-latitude. Sperm samples were collected from 5 Dzhalginsky merino rams once a week for twelve calendar months using an artificial vagina. The lowest quality sperm was produced in the spring, high quality indicators were observed in the autumn period (semen volume: 0.96 ± 0.14 ml versus 1.42 ± 0.15 ml, P <0.05; sperm concentration (× 109 ml-1 ): 2.66 ± 0.1...
The Influence of Seasonal Factors on the Quantitative and Qualitative Parameters of Ram Semen of the Dzhalginsky Merino Breed

Tatyana Mamontova1*, Konstantin Katkov1, Natalia Kizilova2 and Ali-Magomet Aybazov1

...centration, survival) of rams bred in mid-latitude. Sperm samples were collected from 5 Dzhalginsky merino rams once a week for twelve calendar months using an artificial vagina. The lowest quality sperm was produced in the spring, high quality indicators were observed in the autumn period (semen volume: 0.96 ± 0.14 ml versus 1.42 ± 0.15 ml, P <0.05; sperm concentration (× 109 ml-1 ): 2.66 ± 0.1...
Polymorphism Detection in Alpha-Lactalbumin Gene and its Association with Some Productive Traits in Egyptian Goats

Amira M. Nowier1, Hassan R. Darwish2, Sherif I. Ramadan3, Nadia A. Abo El-Maaty2 and Othman E. Othman2*

...r assisted selection programs to improve goat milk yield trait.

...
Effectiveness of β-Lactoglobulin and Leptin Genes Variants on Zaraiby and Damascus Goat Milk Traits

Ahmed M. Darwish1*, Hassan R. Darwish1, Dalia M. Mabrouk1, Mohamed A. Abdelhafez1, Ahmed M. Abdel-Salam2, Ibrahim E. Mohamed3, Ibrahim M. Farag1 

...ent through breeding programs.

Keywords | β-lactoglobulin, Leptin gene, Milk traits, Goat 

...
Influence of Sex on Some Body Measurement Traits of South African Non-Descript Goat Kids at Birth

Thobela Louis Tyasi1*, Lubabalo Bila2, Nkgaugelo Kgasago3, Siza Mthi4 

...lection and breeding programs in improvement of BW. The findings of the current study might also help goat farmers to have a better understanding of monitoring the growth development, and further assist in selecting replacement males and females using morphological traits.

Keywords | Body weight, Heart girth, Rump weight, Sternum height, Withers height 

...
Phenotypic Diversity in Yield Determining Traits of Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Genotypes under the growing Conditions of Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Tehseen Ali Jilani1*, Muhammad Saleem Jilani2, Javeria Sherani3, Kashif Waseem2, Muhammad Sohail Khan2, Hasnain Saleem3, Abdul Manan2, Rashid Jawad2 and Sami Ullah4

...ized in pea breeding programs.

...
Strongyliasis Occurs in Epidemic Proportion amongst other Nematodiasis and Cestodiasis of Horses (Equus caballus) in Obollo-Afor Southeastern Nigeria

Uzochukwu Ephraim Emeto, Chukwuemeka Calistus Okolo* and Nwakaego Ernestina Nweze

...4) for sampling. About 5grams of faeces and 2ml of blood were collected from each horse into labeled containers for faecal floatation test and haematocrit determination. Gender and body condition scores (BCS) of horses were noted, while age groups and body weight were estimated by dentition and normogram methods respectively. The results showed that 89.9% [confidence interval (CI) 86.4%, 93.4%] of the horses harboured gastrointestinal endoparasites including s...
Assessment of PCR-Based DNA Fingerprinting Techniques as a Novel Approach for Genotyping of Brucella Strains in Egypt

Nour H. Abdel-Hamid1*, Walid Elmonir2, Eman I. M. Beleta1, Rania I. Ismail1, Momtaz Shahein1, Mahmoud E. R. Hamdy1 

...-PCR and RAPD-PCR Dendrograms clustered the B. melitensis isolates into two clusters and three clusters composed of 16 and 13 genotypes with genetic similarity percentages of 62% and 54% with a diversity index of 0.82 and 0.88. Both ERIC-PCR and RAPD-PCR dendrograms clustered B. abortus isolates into two clusters and three genotypes with discriminatory of 0.8 and 0.72. Both ERIC and RAPD PCRs revealed 25 singleton genotypes ...
Biocidal Activity of Some Selected Phytoextracts and Fruits of Different Citrus Cultivars against Fruit Fly Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Muhammad Ismail1,*, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1 and Umair Abbas1 and Riaz Hussain2

...incorporation in IPM programs against fruit fly infestations on citrus crop.
...
Molecular Characterization of Balochi Sheep by using Microsatellite Markers in Pakistan
Mudassar Jehan1, Masroor Ahmed Bajwa2, Mohammad Masood Tariq2, Asim Faraz3*, Abdul Samaad2, Jameel Ahmad1 and Yousaf Hassan Barozai2
...e inbreeding as only few rams had been used for breeding the flocks. This study would provide basis for breed characterization and lead to breed improvement program.

...
Hepato Renal Protective Effect of Origanum Majorana against Adverse Effect of Ivermectin in Rabbits
Ahmed Mohamed Elmahdy1*, Naglaa Mohammed Alkalamawy2
...f O.M. orally (200 milligrams per kilogram of body weight), once daily for 60 consecutive days. Group three: rabbits in this group received a subcutaneous therapeutic dose of ivermectin (200 micrograms per kilogram body weight), once monthly for 2 consecutive months. Group four: This group of rabbits was given an orally aqueous extract of O.M. (200 milligrams per kilogram of body weight) o...
Comparative Effectiveness of Chlorantraniliprole and Neem Leaf Extract against Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Nimra Altaf1, Muhammad Arshad1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1, Muhammad Irfan Ullah1*, Hamza Latif1, Muhammad Zeeshan1, Gulfam Yousuf1 and Muhammad Afzal2

...ated pest management programs of FAW.

 

...
Effect of Anthropogenic Disturbance Intensity on the Vigilance Mode of Wintering Hooded Crane (Grus monacha)

Xinran Wang1,2 and Lizhi Zhou1,2*

Influence of Stocking Density on Growth and Survival of Channa punctatus Reared in Cemented Ponds

Muhammad Hanif Chandio1,2*, Naeem Tariq Narejo2, Muhammad Farooq Hassan3, Faheem Sadar4, Nasiruddin Shaikh1, Bushra Ainy Dars5, Ghulam Abass6, Asma Fatima6 and Shahnaz Rashid6

...n terms of weight gain (grams) and survival ratio (%) was investigated. Present trial was conducted for a period of 90 days in cemented tanks at University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan. Different stocking densities were determined such as 10, 15, and 20 fish/m2were selected and placed in different treatments (I-III) with two replicates Fish were fed all parts of chicken (APC) with 10% of their body weight. The results of the growth trial indicated moderate var...
An Evaluation of Some Disinfectants Effectiveness in Reducing Nest Bedding Contamination in Broiler Breeder Farms

Mohamed Saleh*, S.E. Laban, G.Z. Mostafa, S.T. Moubarak 

...ly with nest bedding (5 grams per nest), while potassium peroxy- monosulfate 0.5% based disinfectant was sprayed in each nest. Random samples were collected before and after treatment by 24-, 72- and 120-hours intervals and were tested for total bacterial, coliform, and fungal counts to evaluate the reduction percent achieved. The obtained results illustrated that neither disinfectant could achieve a complete reduction of the microbial load of nest bedding mat...
Using Bee Bread Extract as Natural Source of Energy, Antibiotics and Antioxidants Instead of Synthetic Sources During Freezing Steps of Ram Semen Extender

Ezz Ibrahim Khalifa, Ahmed Loly Ibrahim Desoky, Adel AbdElaziz Elbadawy, Gamal Ibrahim El-Emam, Tarek Messlam Mahmoud Mahdy* 

... from five adult Rahmani rams twice-weekly for five weeks. Semen was pooled, split into five replicates, and prepared to be frozen. In 1st replicate, semen was extended in Tris egg yolk (TEY) is contained synthetic sources of energy (fructose), antibiotics (penicillin and streptomycin), and antioxidants (vitamin E), which served as control extender (E0). However, 2nd, 3rd, 4thand 5th replicates were serviced as trial extenders as E1, E2, E3, and E4, which supp...
Varietal Comparison of Fig (Ficus carica L.) under Climatic Conditions of Soan Valley
Allah Bakhsh1, Attiq Akhtar2, Fiaz Hussain3, Hafiz Wasif Javaad4, Inam ul Haq5* and Humara Umar5 
...d in future breeding programs and establishment of commercial orchards in Soan Valley area of Punjab, Pakistan.

...
Effect of Probiotic Supplementation Lactococcus plantarum and Pediococcus pentasaceus with Purple Sweet Potato Media on Performance and Egg Quality of Laying Hens

Husmaini1*, Sabrina1, Firda Arlina1, Linda Suhartati1, Yozella Martilova2 

... carrier at a dose of 2 grams could affect daily egg production, egg mass and reduce the value of ration conversion, shell thickness and egg cholesterol, but doses of 1 gram and 2 grams did not affect ration consumption and egg weight. It was concluded that the administration of the best LAB probiotics Lactococcus plantarum and Pediococcus pentasaceus with a dose of 2 grams.

Keywo...

An Assessment of Training Needs of Agricultural Extension Agents: A Study of Three Selected Districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan

Ayesha Khan*, Zubair Ahmad Khan and Urooba Pervaiz

...aknesses in training programs and find obstacles in the use of computer technology which hamper the proper execution of extension services in three selected districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP). Purposive sampling technique (sample taken on certain judgments about the population or researcher chooses who would be appropriate for the study) was employed to select three districts i.e. Peshawar, Mardan and Swabi from Agro-ecological Zone C of KP. The population o...
Assessment of Genetic Parameters, Agro-Morphologic Stability and Clustering Pattern of Promising Candidate Basmati Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Lines

Zulqarnain Haider1*, Muhammad Akhter2, Syed Sultan Ali1, Tahir Latif1, Rana Ahsan Raza Khan1, Awais Riaz1, Tahira Bibi1, Muhammad Ijaz3, Qasim Raza1, Mohsin Ali Raza4, Samina Sarfaraz1, Muhammad Iqbal1 and Muhammad Rafiq1

...nd grains weight. Dendrograms divided the genotypes into six distinct Clusters. Based on GGE biplots, PK10324-1-1 followed by PK9444-8-1-2 and PK10029-13-2-1 were identified to be most superior and potential candidate Basmati lines with better yield and stability across three years (growing seasons). Whereas, Super Basmati (check), PK 10436-2-1-1, PK10437-14-2-1 exhibited lowest yield stability across test environments. Test-environment analysis indicated that...
Institutional Interventions and Climate-Smart Practices of Farmers in Nigeria

Onwusiribe Ndubuisi Chigozirim*, Okpokiri Chibuzo Ikechukwu, Agu-Aguiyi Fortune Nneka and Oteh Ogbonnaya Ukeh

...geria. The policies, programs, projects, activities of private and public organizations to intervene on climate change-related issues are referred as institutional interventions. The study therefore, identified the institutional interventions and support available for farmers affected by climate change. In addition, identified the climate-smart practices used by the smallholder farmers, analyzed the relationship of the socioeconomic variables, farmers access t...
Experimental Efficacy Evaluation of Different Vaccination Programs for Epidemic Newcastle Disease Virus in Egypt Against Challenge with Velogenic Genotype VII 1.1 in Commercial Broiler Chickens

Hagar Magdy Ahmed1, Mohamed Mahrous Amer2*, Khaled Mohamed Elbayoumi1 , Sameh Abdel- Moez Ahmed Amer1, Asmaa Mahmoud Matoaq1 , Mohamed Abdel Aziz Kutkat1, Gomaa Abd El-Rhim Abdel-Alim2  

...s (NDV) vaccines and programs are heavily applied in poultry farms, but there is no marked protection against NDV genotype VII. So, the need of improved vaccines and vaccination protocols to reduce clinical disease and mortality is necessary. The current study evaluated the efficacy of different NDV vaccines used in poultry flocks in Egypt: live attenuated NDV vaccines (genotype II) and live recombinant herpes virus of turkey (rHVT-ND-IBD) alone or in combinat...
Emerging Supply Chain of Pork and the Opportunities for Small-Scale Raisers in Catbalogan City in the Philippines

Marcos E. Bollido1,2*, Renell Jay G. Villaluz1,2 and Ronald L. Orale1

...portunity of 70,996 kilograms monthly.

...
Influence of Hygienic Measures on Enterobacteriaceae Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance in Poultry Farms

H. A. Aidaros1*, S. S. Khalafallah1, M. S. Diab2, Nehal K. Alm Eldin2, Halla E.K. El Bahgy1 

... of good biosecurity programs including strict measures in poultry farms is the preferable method to reduce the risk of pathogenic bacteria and reduce the use of antibiotics.

Keywords | Poultry farms, Hygiene, Enterobacteriaceae, Antimicrobial Resistance, Resistance gens. 

...
The Comparison of Moringa oleifera Seeds Oil and Fish Oil in Organ Weight and Blood Haematological Profile in Subchronic Male Mice

Andi Hiroyuki1,2,*, Refina Sastya Qomariyuti1, Najmah Nur Islami3, Vanessa Ayu Sumirat4, Neni Anggraeni5, Mas Rizky A.A Syamsunarno2,6 

...age heart weight (0.120 grams) and white fat tissue (0.145 grams) decreased in the KSO group, as did RBC (8.285×106/μl), WBC (2,943×103/μl) and platelets (506 ,5×103/μl), but statistically there was no significant difference in hematological parameters, body temperature, GDP, body weight and liver and kidney weight p(> 0.05). However, there was a difference in heart weight and white fat tissue p...
Population Survey of Natural Enemies of Bactrocera Flies from Mango and Guava Septic Fruits of Sindh Region

Zain-ul-Aabdin Abro1*, Naheed Baloch1, Raza Muhammad Memon2, Niaz Hussain Khuhro2 and Waseem Akbar Qazi2

...n biological control programs against Bactrocera species. In current investigations we inspected the infected guava and mango fruits from lower (Hyderabad) and upper (Larkana) Sindh regions for population surveillance of parasitoids during 2019. The results shown (P<0.05) maximum number of Trybliographa daci were (55.60±4.52, 46.40±5.47) obtained from guava infested fruits of both regions. Moreover, Maximum number of Bactrocera zonata were eme...
Genetic Variation in Chickpea Genotypes against Fusarium Wilt (Fusarium oxysporum F. sp. Ciceris) and their Management

Khalid Hussain1, Muhammad Younas1*, Niaz Hussain1, Abdul Ghaffar1, Muhammad Raheel2, Anees Akhtar3, Muhammad Irshad1, Munir Abbas1 and Farah Shabir4

...n different breeding programs against wilting pathogen. Among six fungicides (Fosetyle aluminium, Derosal, Shinkar, Ridomil gold, Cabrio Top, Acrobate) Fosetyle aluminium caused maximum disease reduction (75.16%) at the concentration of 3 g/liter of water followed by Derosal carbendazim) (65.76), Shinkar (59.44), Ridomil gold (52.41), Cabrio Top (44.17) and acrobat (41.86) respectively on comparison to control. Results are also helpful for the farmers for time...
Evaluation of Ruminal Degradation Characteristics of Dehulled Moringa Seed Cake and its Influence on Performance of Lactating Damascus Goats

Hossam Mahrous Ebeid1, Ahmed Abdelkader Aboamer1*, Amgad Ahmed Abu Elella2, Ibrahim Mohamed Khattab3, Osama Hefny Matloup1, Fatma Ibrahim Hadhoud1  

...uction. Three cannulated rams (50.60± 3.05 kg, body weight) were used to assess the ruminal degradability of DM, NDF, and ADF for DMSC using in sacco technique. Fifteen lactating Damascus goats (averaging 45.4± 0.5 kg, body weight and averaging milk yield 900±65 g/head/day) were randomly assigned to one of three treatments for 6 weeks to study DMSC’s effect on blood metabolites and quality and quantity of the produced milk. Treatment...
Biology and Management of Pomegranate Fruit Borer, Virachola isocrates (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) through Chemicals and Botanical Extracts

Abdul Latif1, Shahid Sattar1, Fazal Maula2, Imtiaz Khan4*, Asim Iqbal3 and Said Hussain Shah1*

...cluded in future IPM programs.

...
An Early Screening of Turmeric as an Antibiotic Growth Promoter Replacement and its Effects on the Reproductive Organs of Mojosari Ducks

Widiastuti Ardiansyah1,3, Osfar Sjofjan2*, Eko Widodo2, Suyadi Suyadi2, Danung Nur Adli2 

...i ducks. A total of 500 grams of turmeric were prepared for the identification of bioactive compounds and flavonoids, while a total of 280 Mojosari ducks aged 20–28 weeks were used in the second step. The study comprised a descriptive analysis and a completely randomized design with six treatments and four replications with eight Mojosari laying ducks in each experimental unit. An extraction and maceration were employed during the early screening of the ...
Phenotypic Relationship between Body Weight, Body Condition Score and Testicular Measurement Traits in Dorper Rams Raised in Syferkuil Farm, Limpopo Province, South Africa
Thobela Louis Tyasi*, Innocent Mokhwee Mohlabeng and Lebelo Joyceline Selala
...C). A total of 40 Dorper rams aged between 1 to 5 years were used for data collection. Pearson’s correlation was used to determine the relationship between BW, TL, TD and SC, and Spearman’ rho correlation was used to determine the relationship between BCS, BW, TL, TD and SC. Pearson’s correlation results indicated that BW had a positively high statistical significant correlation with TL (r = 0.64), TD (r = 0.64) and SC (r = 0.64). Spearman&rs...
The Effect of Feeding Lactobacillus casei and Dahlia Tuber Extract Mixture on Intestinal Bacteria, Nutrient Digestibility, Immune Organ and Growth of Broilers

Istna Mangisah1*, Heni Rizqiati2, Nyoman Suthama1 

...s the LDTE level in 100 grams of feed, LDTE0 = without LDTE, LDTE1 = 1 mL, LDTE2 = 2 mL, and LDTE3 = 3 mL. The treatment was given for 21 days, starting from d-1 until d-21. Intestinal microbial population, weights of digestive and immune organs, nutrient digestibility, and growth performance of broiler starter were the parameters observed. The research was arranged in a completely randomized design. Data were analyzed according to one-way ANOVA in a complete...
Evaluation of Production and Reproductive Traits of Mamourah Egyptian Local Chicken and Crossbreed Tanta G-1

Ahmed Rizk1, Gomaa Said Ramadan2*, Alaa Eldin Abdou3, Ossama Ahmed El-Weshahy1, Omer Sayed Rashed1 

...cken strains was 866.45 grams and 558.75 grams in the first generation. In the second generation, the Tanta G-1 line’s body weight was 1006.50 grams against 555.10 grams for the Mamourah strain, while in the third generation the average body weight in the Tanta G-1 line was 1068.93 grams versus 551.25 g
Association among Yield and Grain’s Physical Attributes in Spring Wheat Genotypes

Hafiz Ghulam Muhu-Din Ahmed1*, Aziz Ullah2, Muhammad Asim Bhutta3, Ammara Yasmeen4, Hafeez ur Rehman5 and Umar Farooq5

... for future breeding programs. The genotypes G33 followed by G20 and G22 well performed while the genotypes lowest performed G19 followed by G15 and G13 in yield and grain’s physical attributes in the current experiment. It will help the breeders for the selection of high yielding genotypes by only identifying plant yield and physical grain’s attributes to develop the high yielding wheat varieties.

...
Seroprevalence of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 in Domestic Pigs of Thailand: Two Decades After Nationwide Vaccines Application

Chanathip Thammakarn1*, Sawanya Umphonphison1, Paitoon Kaewhom2, Kanokrat Srikijkasemwat1 

... routine vaccination programs used in farms can control PCV2 efficiently since continuing vaccination.

Keywords | Antibody, ORF2 gene, PCV2, Prevalence, Thailand 

...
Synergistic Effect of Food Baits on the Performance of Aggregation Pheromone Ferrolure+ against Rhynchorphorus ferrugineus (Olivier 1790)

Mushtaq Hussain Soomro1, Jan Muhammad Mari1, Imtiaz Ahmed Nizamani1, Arfan Ahmed Gilal2* and Muhammad Ibrahim Kubar2

...inst RPW. Three hundred grams of each food bait along with Ferrolure + was used in the traps as weekly observations were taken on the RPW attracted in traps. Food and water were changed after weekly observations. The experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design where each treatment was replicated three times. Results confirmed a significant effect of the addition of sugarcane and date palm stems to enhance the mean capture of RPW compared to Fer...
A Review: Fruit Production Industry of Pakistan Trends, Issues and Way Forward

Monis Hussain Shah1*, Rizwan Rafique2,6, Munawar Almas1, Muhammad Usman3, Sadia Yasin4 and Sajida Bibi5

... of crop improvement programs with respect to the disease, lack of disease and problem oriented research in major fruits such as Guava, Grapes and Banana. Addressing these challenges of fruit production industry can further improve yield and quality of fruits local fruits. Secondly the nurseries stocks of fruit plants should be certified, the small land holders should be supported by the government incentives for specific fruit production. Research according t...
Assessment of Variation in Newly Developed Sugarcane Genotypes for Morphological and Quality Associated Parameters

Riaz Noor Panhwar1*, Abdul Fatah Soomro1, Muhammad Chohan1, Illahi Bux Bhatti1, Ali Hassan Mari1, Samia Arain1 and Sagheer Ahmad2

...varietal development programs to evaluate and release new sugarcane of high cane and sugar yield potential to fulfill the sugar demand in the country. Limited work regarding appraisal of variation in lately evolved sugarcane genotypes for morphological and quality-related characters has been reported in Pakistan. Evaluation of sugarcane genotypes for desired attributes acceptable to growers and sugar mills is necessary before releasing them as commercial varie...
Mass Rearing of Spodoptera litura using a Semi-Synthetic Diet Based on Wheat Germ and Tomato Paste

Sumaria Maqsood1*, Muhammad Ali 2, Amna Shoaib3, Shahbaz Ahmad2 and Noor-ul-Ain2

...d biological control programs. In the current study, a modified diet was formulated and assessed against two diets used for mass rearing of S. litura, and tomato fruits were taken as a natural diet. Results revealed that development attributes based on mass rearing of S. litura on the modified diet (wheat germ + tomato paste) significantly reduced the larval and pupal developmental duration by 30%, while, considerably enhancing eclosion rate, pupation survival...
Productive and Reproductive Traits and Clinical Epidemiological Measures in Discriminant Analysis between Baladi Buffaloes and Crossbred

Ahmed Fathy1, Rania A. Hassan2, Essam S. Soliman3* 

...ding and improvement programs. Clinical epidemiology relay on the collaboration between biostatistics and epidemiology to provide a basis for the veterinary field and clinical care. Since discriminant analysis as a parametric test is more powerful than its non-parametric alternatives, we aimed to evaluate the performance of the single discriminant analysis in classification between Baladi buffaloes and crossbred using clinical epidemiological measures of some ...
Women’s Participation and its Determinants in Livestock Management Across the Developing World: A Systematic Review

Shaista Naz1*, Muhammad Arif2 and Akhtar Ali3

...pecific policies and programs in the sector.

...
Local Rice Farmers Attitude and Behavior towards Agricultural Programs and Policies

Hendro Prasetyo1*, Diah Karmiyati2, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi2, Ahmad Fauzi2, Trias Agung Pakarti1,3, Mardiana Sri Susanti4, Waris Ali Khan5, Leila Neimane6,7 and Maizirwan Mel8,9

...unching agricultural programs by producing rice of certain superior cultivars to achieve rice self-sufficiency and sustainability and bundling them with beneficial policies. However, quite a large number of rice farmers continue to grow local rice variants. This study aims to identify, analyze, and describe farmers’ attitude and behavior. A survey was employed for quantitative data gathering and an interview was for the qualitative ones. A total of 52 re...
Application of System Dynamics Modelling in Evaluating Sustainability of Beef Cattle Production and Business System in Smallholder Farmers in South Sumatera, Indonesia
Aulia Evi Susanti1*, Rudy Priyanto2, Muladno2, Dewi Apri Astuti3, Lucia Cyrilla2
...(CLD) and flow chart diagrams, followed by dynamic system analysis. Based on the simulation results, the existing production model has not been declared feasible as a business with an NPV value of IDR. 683,350,309.27. The simulation results with improved feed and increased marketing showed that the best scenario in corporate business development is semi-intensive breeding. Intensive fattening cattle are given an additional marketing frequency concentrate twice...
Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight in Some Syrian Wheat and Barley Cultivars

Nachaat Sakr

...ted to crossbreeding programs to reinforce host resistance to fungal infection. This primarily study has recognized some favorable barley and wheat cultivars for selected breeding and commercialization aims in the arid Mediterranean area; Bohoth 10 (bread wheat) and Arabi Aswad (barley) ranking among the most head blight resistant cereal cultivars.

...
Development of Bagh-o-Bahar Raya: A Newly Bred High-Yielding Mustard Cultivar Released for General Cultivation in Punjab, Pakistan

Idrees Ahmad1, Muhammad Jamil2*, Hafiz Muhammad Zia Ullah1, Saira Saleem1, Syed Ahtisham Masood3, Umair Faheem4, Imran Akhtar5, Muhammad Abdullah6, Abdul Majid Khan5 and Naeem Iqbal7

...anges from 5.10 to 5.23 grams. Its average stature is 157-171 cm and possesses tolerance against aphids and diseases especially Alternaria blight and White rust. It yielded the highest (2891 kg ha-1) at the NPK@ 80:40:40 level. The optimum yield was produced (1976 kg ha-1) when sown on 30th September. Its cultivation on a commercial scale will enhance the share of local edible oil production and will strengthen the national economy.

...
Effectiveness of Public and Private Extension Services in Building Capacity of the Farmers: A Case of Bangladesh

Muhammad Humayun Kabir* and Md. Saiful Islam

...ate sector extension programs are less effective in boosting farmers’ farming abilities. In contrast, 59.55 % of farmers thought the same for public sectors extension. The independent sample t-test explored a significant difference between public and private extension services regarding farm and home visits, demonstration, and training programs. These services of public extension organizations were more effective than ...
Estimation of Combining Ability for Within-Boll Yield Components in Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)

Mishal Bano1, Amir Shakeel1, Waqar-ul-Haq1, Muhammad Nouman Khalid1*, Nadia Hussain Ahmad2, Muhammad Sajid Sharif3, Sadia Kanwal2, Muhammad Asim Bhutta2, Amna Bibi2 and Ifrah Amjad1

...s in future breeding programs.

...
NEMATICIDAL ACTIVITIES OF CHROMATOGRAPHIC FRACTIONS FROM ALSTONIA BOONEI AND BRIDELIA FERRUGINEA ON MELOIDOGYNE INCOGNITA

O. A. Fabiyi, G. A. Olatunji and O. Atolani

...ate and Ethanol. Thirty grams from the resulting crude extracts were further subjected to open column chromatography on silica gel (100-120 mesh grades) using glass column. The chromatographic fractions were tested in vitro along with their crudes and carbofuran on Meloidogyne incognita
Mortalities Among Young Rabbits: Impact of Maternal Behavior and Bacterial Causes

Dalia Mansour Hamed1, Mohsen Zaky El Dimerdash1, Ahmed Abdelatif Ali2, Samer Adel Abd El-Gaffar3, Mona Salim Abdallah1* 

...according to nursing programs is limited. This study aimed to highlight the bacterial and behavioral causes of mortalities among young rabbits and control such problems. A survey on 167 specimens collected from diseased and freshly dead young rabbits in some Egyptian provinces was conducted. In addition, an experiment was carried out on 15 pregnant does divided into 3 groups: (A) opened, (B) semi closed and (C) closed nursing systems. Mean body weight, and mor...
Polymorphism of the Candidate Genes and Their Association with Egg Production Traits in Thai Native Chickens

Doungnapa Promket1,2,4*, Khanitta Pengmeesri2,4, Jennarong Kammongkun3, Thassawan Somchan2

...population selection programs.
 
Keywords | Candidate gene, Thai native chickens, Egg production, Selection, Animal breeding
...
Physicochemical Determinants of Distribution of Sequence Types (ST) of Burkholderia pseudomallei from Small Ruminant Farms in Peninsular Malaysia

Abubakar Sadiq Muhammad1,2, Latiffah Hassan1, Saleha Abdul Aziz1, Zunita Zakaria1, Hassan Ismail Musa1, 2*, Maswati Mat Amin3 

...for planning control programs tailored toward environmental interventions to reduce contamination in non-endemic areas. 

...
Litter Size Trait as a Selection Criterion in Merino Crossbred Rams
Widya Pintaka Bayu Putra1, Herman W Raadsma2, Indriawati1, Slamet Diah Volkandari1 and Endang Tri Margawati1*
...tion criterion in Merino rams using Estimated Breeding Value (EBV). Hence, the heritability (h2) value was estimated with paternal halfshib correlation model through analysis of variance (ANOVA) method. A total of 650 records of LS were used in this study, representing in the progeny of fourteen (14) rams collected from year 1999 to 2004 at Cimanglid Research Park, Bogor, Indonesia. This study showed that the average of LS i...
Principal Component Analysis of Morphological Characteristics in Creole Sheep (Ovis aries)

Edwin Ormachea V1,2*, Bilo Calsin C1,2, Eyner Aguilar S3, Buenaventura Ormachea V4, Henry Gonzales C1, Yecenia M. Masias G5

... genetic improvement programs.
 
Keywords | Zoometry, sheep, clustering analysis, morphology; correlation
...
Infectious Bronchitis: A Challenge for the Global Poultry Industry

Sar Zamin Khan1*, Muhammad Waqas1 and Sagar M. Goyal2

...evention and control programs. This review deals with the global prevalence of IBV along with its pathogenesis, diagnosis, and control. In summary, we have discovered that measures to combat infectious bronchitis is not fully effective and the continued attention of the scientific community and funding agencies can help protect the global poultry industry from this challenge.

...
Risk and Coping Strategies of Vegetable Smallholder Farmers in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa of Pakistan

Abdul Hassan1*, Arshad Farooq1, Muhammad Ishaq2, Ghulam Sadiq2 and Asif Nawaz3

... factors. Government programs and inadequate extension services had loadings in institutional risk factors while financial risk factors were no financial support by input dealers and no capacity to provide inputs. Fluctuation in input prices and market competition in- or sells-off had loadings in market risk factor while factors of human risk had loadings on facing difficulties in finding labor and migration of family members. Production strategies factor were...
Valuation of Massive Artificial Insemination Programs and the Economic Impact for Indonesia

Achmad Firman1*, Sondi Kuswaryan1, Lilis Nurlina1, Muhamad Hasan Hadiana1, Marina Sulistyati1, Unang Yunasaf1, Dwi Cipto Budinuryanto2, Iman Trisman3

...d community services programs. However, feed, animal health, veterinary public health, and community services are a part of the SIWAB/SIKOMANDAN program. The purpose of the study was to assess the program performance through several aspects, such as the number of frozen semen distribution, the number of cow acceptors, the number of cow pregnancies, the service per conception rate, the number of calf’s birth, and the economic impact. Data collected by Dir...
Human-Black Bear (Ursus thibetanus) Conflict and its Mitigation Strategies at Siran and Kaghan Valleys of District Mansehra Pakistan

Ikram Ullah1, Zaib Ullah2*, Junaid Khan1, Sajid Mahmood1, Zafar Iqbal3 and Naveed Akhtar2

...ment in conservation programs were documented as the most effective mitigation strategies. Human dependence on forest resources, habitat destruction, anthropogenic food waste, and retaliatory killing were the main conservation threats to black bear survival in the study area.

...
Genetic Diversity Evaluation of Two Loach Fishes and their Artificial Hybrid Population Based on 19 Polymorphic Microsatellite Loci

Yanping Li, Fei Xu, Yongming Wang*, Yunyun Lv, Jinrong Shi, Biwen Xie, Wenyao Cai and Dian Liu

... captive propagation programs to protect their populations. Here, we firstly carried out artificial breeding of S. superciliaris and S. reevesae, and hybrid combinations were designed as S. superciliaris ♀ × S. reevesae ♂, and S. superciliaris ♂ × S. reevesae ♀. Secondly, 19 microsatellite loci were used to evaluate genetic diversity between hybrid offspring and their parents. The mean polymorphic information content (PIC) among groups rang...
In Silico Analysis of Genome Wide Non-Synonymous Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Indigenous Cattle Breeds of Pakistan
Umer Farooq1,2, Nimra Murtaza2, Abubakar Siddique1, Bilal Saleem1, Obaid Ur Rehman1, Nageen Zahra1, Muhammad Uzair1, Muhammad Naeem Riaz1,3* and Muhammad Ramzan Khan1*
...;">Genomic selection programs for yield enhancement and disease resistance have become a reality with the availability of highly detailed genomic information. This information is critical to highlight genetic polymorphisms related with economically important traits including milk and meat yield, development, and resistance against diseases. In this present study, our main objective was to identify the deleterious SNPs and their associated genes which possibly ...
The Effect of Genotype on Performance and Egg Quality Traits of the Naked-Neck, Normal-Feathered, and Exotic Tetra H Chickens

Abiyu Tadele 1,2*, Gebreyohannes Berhane2, Wondmeneh Esatu3

...e effective breeding programs for these three chicken genotypes by providing valuable insights into the genetic basis of chicken performance and egg quality.  

...
Biological Parameters of Aphidius smithi Sharma and Subba Rao (Hymenoptera: Aphidiinae), A Parasite of the Pea Aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Homoptera: Aphididae) Under Laboratory Conditions

Tasleem Akhtar1*, Muhammad Farooq Nasir2, Imran Bodlah2 and Muhammad Adnan Bodlah3

...n biological control programs against A. pisum in Pakistan.

...
Substitution of Soybean Meal with Fermented Kapok Seeds and its Effect on the Growth Performance and Nutrient Digestibility of Sheep Raised in Stall with Palm Leaf and Galvanized Iron Roofs

Abdullah Naser1*, Nirwana1, Sri Wulan1, Zaenal1, Mustafa1, Effendy2 

...ce, and digestibility in rams, with the highest value in the palm leaf roof. Likewise, substituting soybean meal with fermented kapok seeds makes a significant difference (P < 0.05) with the highest value in the R4 and R5 diet groups. However, there was no interaction between the roof of the stall and substituting soybean meal with fermented kapok seeds (P ≥ 0.05) on body weight, dry matter intake, growth performance, and digestibility in
Exploring the Phosphorus Efficient Maize Genotypes on the Base of Growth and Yield Traits

Tahir Abbas Khan1*, Imran Ashraf1*, Athar Mahmood1, Muhammad Ilyas2, Sardar Alam Cheema1, Muhammad Mahmood Iqbal3 and Muhammad Umair Hassan1

... be used in breeding programs to develop the P efficient cultivars.

...
Interactions between Urban Stream Structure and Waterbird Community Composition

Kyu-Jung Kim and Shin-Jae Rhim*

...and-based management programs that are applied to habitat complexes at the landscape scale to support the needs of waterbirds. The results of this study can help with the conservation of habitats and landscapes in urban streams. Further research should be conducted on the conservation of waterbirds and their habitat in the future.

...
Comparing Traditional and Contemporary Approaches to Integrated Pest Management in Major Field Crops

Muneer Abbas1*, Sohail Abbas2, Imran Faraz3, Niaz Hussain1, Muhammad Aslam1, Muhammad Irshad1, Mudassar Khaliq1, Abdul Ghaffar1, Zubeda Parveen1, Muhammad Nadeem1, Sana Ullah4* and Malik Akhtar Iqbal5

...ement successful IPM programs should prioritize understanding pests, crops, and the environment. Rather than seeking complete pest eradication, the primary objective should be to manage pest populations at acceptable levels. This review article underscores the significance of (IPM) integrated pest management for farmers as an economically and ecologically sound methodology of pest control. It emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive understanding of pest d...
Caprine Prion Gene Polymorphisms in Main Northern Cyprus Goat Breeds

Meryem Betmezoğlu1*, Dilek Arsoy2 and Mahmut Çerkez Ergören3

... of genetic breeding programs to eradicate transmissible spongiform encephalopathies in goat and sheep is crucial for animal breeding, health and welfare, together with food safety and security. Goat production and indigenous goat breeds (Cyprus Native hair Goat, Damascus) are important for the Cyprus’s agricultural diversity Therefore, the allele frequencies of Caprine Prnp gene variants should be well understood for goat breeding prog
Compatible and Non-Compatible Interaction of Rice Germplasms against Rice Leaf Folder Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenee) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Khwaja Junaid and Shah Alam Khan

... be used in breeding programs for the development of high yielding resistant varieties against RLF.

...
Susceptibility Evaluation of Different Legume Seed Genotypes against Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) under Laboratory Conditions

Muhammad Faizan1, Muhammad Nasir1, Muhammad Waqar Hassan1*, Ghulam Sarwar2 and Moazzam Jamil3

...egume seeds breeding programs for resistance development in new varieties against pulse beetles.

...
Clinicopathological Studies on Urine Retention in Barki Rams

Asmaa A Darwish* 

...n in sheep. Twenty Barki rams were apparently-healthy and considered the control group (CG) and twenty Barki rams suffered from urine retention considered the diseased group (DG). Blood samples were collected from both groups and immunological and clinicopathological parameters were estimated and statistically analyzed. Diseased rams displayed a significant (P<0.05) increase in the pro-...
Comparison of Different Plant Extract Combinations Against Jassid (Amrasca devastans) and Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) in Okra Crop

Azam Khurshid1*, Jawad Sarwar1, Kamran Sohail1, Hafiz Muhammad Faisal Ayub2, Farooq Muhammad1, Fida Muhammad Khan3 and Adnan Ihsan1

...orated in future IPM programs to manage the whitefly and jassid population effectively. 

...
Prevalence of Parasitic Contaminations in Raw Vegetables in District Narowal

Syed Shakeel Shah1, Ayesha Jameel1, Sabila Afzal1*, Muhammad Zubair2, Iram Fatima Bokhari1

...cted and processed. 200 grams of each vegetable sample was centrifuged, followed by sedimentation and floatation to recover parasites eggs, cysts and larvae. A high prevalence of about 47.58% was described in this study. Coriander was the highest contaminated vegetable (51.42%), followed by mint (48.57%). The carrot was the minimum contaminated vegetable with 40% contamination. Examination of vegetables revealed 12 genera of parasites along with aquatic mites ...
Quantification of pesticide residues in cow milk samples collected from district Sargodha Punjab, Pakistan
FARZANA SIDDIQUE*1, NAZIMA FIRDOSE2, MUHAMMAD ARSHAD2, WARDAH HASSAN2
& SHAFAAT YAR KHAN2
...e residue monitoring programs must be instituted in Pakistan.
...
Diets High in Energy, Protein, Zinc, Iron and Vitamin A and Their Effects on Body Weight in Patients with Tuberculosis

Muhammad Ashfaq ur Rahman1*, Saleem Khan1, Aurang Zeb1, Zia ud Din1 and Zafar Iqbal3 

...verage loss of 3.29 kilograms (7.1 pounds). In conclusion, pTB patients benefited from organized nutrition counselling sessions and the supply of extra food packs, which led to an increase in weight and an improvement in their nutritional condition. 

...
Seroprevalence of Brucellosis in Occupationally Exposed Humans in Quetta, Pakistan

Tariq Jamil1, Muhammad Saqib2*, Abid Rashid3, Muhammad Hammad Hussain4, Khushal Khan Kasi5, Muhammad Haleem Tayyab2, Muhammad Azam Kakar5, Heinrich Neubauer1 and Mudassar Iqbal6*

...tudies and awareness programs are recommended. Based on the results and review of the literature, the authors urge to consider higher age ≥40 years, direct contact and raw milk intake as risks for the infection. 

...
First Photographic Evidence of Yellow-Throated Marten (Martes flavigula) from Nowshera District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan

Romaan Hayat Khattak1, Liwei Teng1,2*, Naimat Ullah Khan3, Aamir Ali3, Abdul Hadi4 and Zhensheng Liu1,2*

...tes captive breeding programs with in the park. Therefore, detailed studies are needed to be carried out to investigate the population trend and habitat ranges of this species in the park and adjacent areas.

...
Exploring Genetic Diversity in Cotton Genotypes Using EST-SSR and ISSR Markers: A Comparative Study

Jaweria Iqbal1, Muhammad Tanveer Altaf2, Muhammad Faheem Jan3, Waqas Raza4*, Waqas Liaqat5, Ikram ul Haq6, Amna Jamil7, Sameer Ahmed1, Amjad Ali2 and Arif Mehmood8

...notypes for breeding programs, especially given the limited genetic diversity in cotton breeding. The study showed that Bt cotton genotypes share a high genetic similarity, emphasizing the need for introducing diverse or exotic genotypes into breeding programs to enrich genetic diversity. Additionally, marker-discriminating indices can aid in selecting effective markers to assess genetic variation, facilitating the developme...
Genetic Diversity Estimation of Rice Genotypes based on Morphological and Quality Parameters through Principal Component Analysis

Salma Sharif1, Rana Arsalan Javaid2*, Abid Majeed2, Muhammad Shahzad Ahmed2, Qurat ul Ain Sani2, Faiza Siddique2, Muhammad Arshad3 and Niaz Ali1 

... for use in breeding programs in the future. A set of 65 accessions were evaluated in the field of Crop Sciences Institute, NARC following factorial design with three replications. highly significant differences were observed for all the quantitative traits as days to heading, days to maturity, plant height, number of tillers, panicle length, flag leaf area, leaf length, culm length, culm diameter, number of grains per panicle, grain length, grain diameter, ch...
Comparison Enzymatic and Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant in Sperm Quality of Garut Ram Chilled Semen to Enhance Rural Livestock Commodity

Aeni Nurlatifah1, Anita Hafid1, Pradita Iustia Sitaresmi1, Santoso Santoso1, Rahma Isatirna Anwar1, Mohammad Firdaus Hudaya1, Diana Andrianita Kusumaningrum1, Nurul Azizah1, Dimar Sari Wahyuni1, Herdis Herdis1, Florentina Bety Indah Lupitasari1, Desiana Ade Mahari1, Muhammad Rizal2

... liquid semen from Garut rams. The rams were randomly divided into seven treatments in a 2 × 3 factorial design. The two factors were the antioxidant levels of EZ (25, 50, and 75 mg) and NEZ (5, 10, and 20 mg). Motility, viability, and plasma membrane integrity were the metrics used in this analysis. The experiment conducted with the additional NEZ on the 4th day of observation showed that the addition of ascorbic acid...
Field Validation of Avian Diversity at Uchalli Wetland Complex: A Ramsar Site in Khushab, Pakistan

Adeel Kazam1, Safdar Sidra2, Zulfiqar Ali1*, Rida Ahmad1,3, Ahmad Bilal1 and Aliza Batool1,3

Strengthening Rural Women in Anbar Province: Assessing the Influence of Small-Scale Agricultural Initiatives

Adnan I Khamis1, Jasim Mohammed Saleh2*, Najwa Ali3 and Anwer T Gaffoori2

...government extension programs for the development of agricultural projects, the extension apparatus’ neglect of the problems and technical needs facing projects, and weakness in education and culture. Extension services and agricultural research.

...
Diversity of Geese (Anser spp.) Farming Systems in Northern Benin, West Africa

M. Azalou1,3*, C. C. Kpomasse1, A. S. Assani3,4, I. T. Alkoiret3,4, Wéré Pitala1,2  

...he implementation of programs to improve goose farming in Benin. 

...
Comparison of the Efficacy of Some Regimes of Vaccination for the Control of VVIBDV in Broilers

Abd El-Razakl, A.G. and AboElkhair2, M.

...fy;">Two vaccination programs for infectious viral disease (IBD) were compared in broiler chicken with maternal immunity, placed in tow farms, A and B. IBD immune complex vaccine was administered by subcutaneous route, at the hatchery into chicks of farm A at age of I day. On farm B, the attenuated intermediate plus live IBD vaccine was given via drinking water at the age of day. The vaccine uptake was monitored via serology, bursal indices and effect of the t...
Re-Emergence of Very Virulent IBDV in Egypt
Ashraf M. Metwally*, Ausama A. Yousif*k , Iman B. Walaa A.   Attia M. Samy * , and Ismail M. Reda *
 
...ntensive vaccination programs. A recent increase in IBD related mortality in vaccinated farms prompted this investigation into the genetic character of the circulating IBD virus (IBDV). Bursa and proventriculus samples were RT-PCR tested using novel primers flanking VP2 region coding the two major and two minor hydrophilic peaks. IBDV was detected in tested samples. Phylogenetic analysis of the sequenced PCR product and deduced amino acid sequences of IBDV Giz...
Growth and Blood Indices of West African Dwarf Rams Fed Urea Treated Cassava Peels with Graded Levels of Gliricidia sepium Fodder

Maria Kikelomo Adegun1*, Femi Godwin Ekundayo1, David Daisi Ajayi2 

...F). Sixteen yearling WAD rams with an average weight of 12±1 kg was randomly assigned into four treatments (T1, T2, T3, and T4) in a ten-week trial. The rams assigned to T2, T3, and T4 were fed 90% UTCP+10% GSF, 80% UTCP+20% GSF, and 70% UTCP+30% GSF, in that order while T1 served as the control group. The data did not show a statistically significant difference (p>0.05) among any of the treatments in feed intake. ...
Combining Ability and Genetic Analysis of Morphological and Yield Related Traits in Abelmoschus esculentus L.

Syed Majid Rasheed1*, Tauseef Ali1, Saad Jan1, Faiz ur Rehman2, Muhammad Ali Shah3, Zahid Hussain1 and Abdul Waheed4

...future okra breeding programs. The estimated inbreeding depression revealed that the majority of the traits showed negative inbreeding depression due to selfing, thus least affected by selfing. Thus from our study G8, G14 and G23 could be identified as the best-performing crosses for yield-associated traits. Hence should be involved in a variety of development programs to improve the quantitative and related traits of Abelmo...
Identification of Melatonin Receptors Type C (MTNR1C) and Neuropeptide Y (NPY) Genes Related to Egg Production in Thai Indigenous Chickens

Doungnapa Promket1*, Khanitta Pengmeesri1, Jennarong Kammongkun2, Thassawan Somchan1 

...r selective breeding programs aimed at enhancing egg production.  

...
Growth Curve and Heterosis Effect of Egg Weight, Doc Weight, Fertility and Hatchability from Crossing of Sentul Debu and Kulawu Chicken at Poultry Breeding Jatiwangi

Heni Indrijani*, Asep Anang, Muhammad Farhan Fadilah, Nena Hilmia, Maya Fitriani

...t body weight of 931.58 grams at 12 weeks of age. In contrast, the crossbreeding between Sentul Kulawu males and Sentul Debu females, produced by Sentul males, had the highest body weight of 973.62 grams at the same age. The research methodology used to measure the heterosis effect involved comparing the average parent with the average crossbreeding in terms of egg weight, DOC weight, fertility, and hatchability parameters. ...
Effectiveness of Butylated Hydroxytoluene in Maintaining the Quality of Gaga Chicken Sperm in Liquid Storage for 72 Hours

Khaeruddin1, Gatot Ciptadi2, Muhammad Yusuf3, Iswati4, Setya Budhi Udrayana4, Sri Wahjuningsih2*

...ndustry and breeding programs due to the ability to efficiently use superior male chickens for mating with multiple females. This study aimed to examine the effect of adding BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene) into the diluent and storage time on the quality of Gaga chicken spermatozoa during liquid storage. The semen was collected using abdominal massage methods and divided into 4 tubes filled with diluent. For the analysis, the diluent selected was egg yolk Ringe...
Serosurvey for HIV, Hepatitis B, and C Viruses Among Apparently Healthy Students of Federal Polytechnic Idah and its Environs

Joseph Oyiguh Abraham1, Cornelius Arome Omatola1*, Martin-Luther Oseni Okolo1, Ruth Foluke Aminu1, Emmanuel Edegbo1, Olubunmi Marvelous Emurotu1, Danjuma Muhammed2, Jesse Joseph Chock3, Helen Ojomachenwu Ocean4 and Yahaya Ocholi5

...strengthen awareness programs on infection and control strategies in the area.

...
Farming Sustainability of Beef Cattle in Pesisir Selatan, West Sumatera, Indonesia

Ida Indrayani*, Andi Andri, Tevina Edwin

 
 
...various policies and programs related to the development of beef cattle enterprises. The farmer’s capability to provide animal feed, especially forage by utilizing agricultural and plantation waste becomes an essential factor in developing a sustainable beef cattle business. We aimed to determine the potential for beef cattle development, and analyze the index and sustainability status based on four sustainable dimensions. We collected data from 60 beef ...
Leverage of Dietary Spirulina on Physiological Profiles of Black Iraqi Goats

Zahid I. Mohammed

...o, the kids were fed 10 grams of Spirulina supplement had the lowest serum cholesterol concentration as compared to the control and other groups. kids which were fed diets with Spirulina showed significantly (P<0.05) higher HDL-C concentrations in blood serum. Treatment with 5g of Spirulina (G3) showed significantly (P<0.05) higher levels of HDL compared to the second group and the control group. In conclusion, it has been revealed that Spirulina improve...
Improvement Model Framework of Urban Agriculture Program in Malaysia: PLS-SEM Analysis

Munifah Siti Amira Yusuf1, Norsida Man2*, Nur Bahiah Mohamed Haris1, Ismi Arif Ismail3, Siaw Shin Yee1 and Tengku Halimatun Sa’adiah T Abu Bakar1,4 

...ricultural extension programs may significantly affect the effectiveness of adopting urban agriculture practices, which eventually help the participants with better living standards and productivity. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of urban agriculture programs. Primary data was collected from 230 urban agriculture program participants registered under the DOA Malaysia. The data was analysed using the PLS-SEM a...
Production Performance and Humoral Immunity in IPB-D3 Chickens

Nadya Indriyani1, Sri Murtini2*, Sri Darwati3, Cece Sumantri3

...is 1021.44±60.05 grams with a CV of 17.01%. Total egg production in a day in the age range of 29-40 weeks is 13.3±7.56 eggs, with a production percentage of 44.8%. Phenotypic correlation between IgY aged 0-2 with active body weight of IPB-D3 chickens aged 0 to 12 weeks showed positive but low to moderate values of 0,06-0,49. In conclusion, humoral immunity such as IgY and AbNDV did not have a significant effect on the growth and production of IPB...
Evolution of super-drug resistant microbial strains: mechanisms and strategies for containment

SHEIKH AJAZ RASOOL1, MUHAMMAD SALMAN RASOOL2 & MUNAZZA AJAZ3

...ge for public health programs. About 20% people die of viral hepatitis in one of Pakistan provinces. A counter malarial acrine drug is being tried against proteinaceous infectious particles (causing many transmissible neuro-diseases). These epigenetical agents have been a source of concern for our planet regarding food safety issues (e.g. infected meat). No doubt, man has made significant achievements in effective and neo-antimicrobials research, one wonders w...
Evaluating Flock Dynamics, Offtake-rate, and Farmers’ Perception on Benefits of Community Based Breeding Program in Doyogena District, Central Ethiopia

Addisu Jimma1,2*, Aberra Melesse1, Aynalem Haile3, Tesfaye Getachew3  

...en 6-12 months, breeding rams, mature ewes, and the mean flock size of sheep at the household level. The major routes of sheep entry into the flocks were birth (81%), and purchase (17%). The total number of entries and births was higher (p < 0.05) in CBBP members (284 vs. 240) than in non-members (148 vs. 112). The off-take rate, representing the proportion of sheep exits from the flock, was significantly higher (p<0.05) in CBBP members (36.45%) compa...
Knowledge and Management Strategies of Farmers to Safeguard Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Against Viral Diseases in Benin

Nadia Kèmi Assana Chabi1, Gildas Codjo Tchemadon1,2*, Olaïgbé Lydie Hounkpatin3, Paul Kouété Jimmy4 and Leonard Antoine Chaffara Afouda1

...es, set up selection programs focused on resistant varieties to viruses and improve the agricultural practices of farmers.

...
Prevalence of Nematode Infection Among School Children of District Malakand, Pakistan

Yousef Abdal Jalil Fadladdin1, Ateeq Ullah2*, Raheela Nawaz3, Yagoob Garedaghi4, Abbas M.A. Al-Azab5 and Mashael Abdullah Aldamigh6

...of infection. Health programs should be suggested on personal and environmental hygiene practices. 

...
Antibiotic Residues of Penicillin and Oxytetracycline in Yoghurt: One Health Needs Paradigm Shift, Legislation and Policy Formulation in Pakistan

Muhammad Ali Raza1*, Aneela Zameer Durrani2, Bilques Bano3, Muhammad Muddassir Ali4, Nazia Rubab5, Syed Tasadak Mehdi6, Muhammad Wasim Iqbal7, Kumay Hassan Akhtar8, Aqeel Raza9, Ujala Fatima Shan10, Muhammad Aftab11

... of each weigh about 50 grams have been collected from Lahore and brought to University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore in a Laboratory and applied HPLC technique on samples and found residues of Penicillin and oxytetracycline in different percentages (11% and 9%, respectively) and percentage of both combine Penicillin and oxytetracycline is 3%. In a yoghurt sample, the highest penicillin was found as 13.95 µg/Kg, the lowest penicillin was dete...
Technical Efficiency of Wheat Farms Under Irrigated Conditions in Central Sindh, Pakistan

Akbar Khan Khajjak1,4*, Adnan Nazir2, Tehmina Mangan1 and Ali Raza1

... more fertilizer in kilograms in wheat cultivation. Wheat farms were 87 percent commercially efficient, which indicates a great potential to enhance efficiency in the resources used in the productivity of wheat. It is evident that efficient usage of resources could add Rs.594.77 ($4.10) million of revenue each year to the economy. The research is based on and derived from wheat production, which is only for a single crop among various other crops. These findin...
EARLY WATERGRASS (Echinochloa oryzoides) AND LATE WATERGRASS (Echinochloa phyllopogon) CONTROL WITH FORAMSULFURON
Christos A. Damalas,Charalambos S. Lithourgidis,Anastasios S. Lithourgidis
Quantitative analysis/estimation of wood utilization in wood based industries of Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Zahid Rauf, Tanvir Ahmad Qureshi, Ghayyas Ahmad and Wahiba Iqbal
...tation/reforestation programs all over the country should ensure a sustainable supply of raw material for the wood based industries.

...
Impacts of participatory forestry on forest resource development - A case study in Pakistan
Mamoona Wali Muhammad1, Hakim Shah1, Nowshad Khan2 and Mohd Zaki Hamzah3
...est management (PFM) programs, implemented in north-eastern and north-western parts of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, on the forest resource development. The research was carried out in three Districts of Pakistan, viz. Muzaffarabad (AJK), Abbottabad and Mansehra in the areas where PFM programs namely Integrated Land Management (ILM) and Environmental Rehabilitation and Poverty Reduction in Terbela Reservoir Catchment (PW...
Migratory waterfowls in Deh Akro-II wildlife sanctuary (A Ramsar Site)
Mian Muhammad Shafiq and Hussain Bux Bhaagat
Seed trait variation in Acacia catechu Willd.
Mohit Gera, Neelu Gera and Farooq Ahmad Dar
...r future improvement programs. Pod length, pod width, number of seeds per pod, seed weight and germination were observed to be important characters in evaluating the genotypes....
Assessment of rural energy needs in Hilkot watershed Pakistan
Abdul Qayyum Khan, Bashir Ahmad Wani, Hakim Shah and S. Irfanullah
....83 liters and 3.29 kilograms/household/week. A major portion of a household annual income ranging between 29% and 47% is spent on fuel for cooking, heating and lighting only. On the average, household in the watershed spends Rs.721 monthly on fire wood procurement Women play a key role in energy resources control and utilization. With the exception of blacksmiths and food caterers, the cottage industries have no additional impact on energy consumption other t...
Estimation of carbon stock and sequestration potential in Riverine Forests of Sukkur, Sindh
Anwar Ali, Muhammad Ayaz Khan and Ayaz Khan Marwat
...itiate reforestation programs on urgent basis and stop open grazing and illicit cutting for the rehabilitation of these valuable forests....
Some multiple-purpose tree species in Pakistan
Muhammad Ayaz
...its of afforestation programs. The multiple use of trees is defined as the array of goods and services which they produce for direct and indirect human use. On this criterion, 42 species of trees both exotic and indigenous have been identified and discussed for their multiple uses in this paper....
Eucalyptus chips export from Pakistan
Kanwar Muhammad Suleman and Muhammad Ayaz
...l and farm forestry programs in Pakistan finds no firm footing in the local timber trade due to various reasons. This situation needs to be redressed to break the deadlock in eucalyptus marketing as well as for the promotion of afforestation programs by creating better profitability from planting Eucalyptus. Beside many other marketing and utilization measures the export potential of Eucalyptus wood chips from Pakist...
Comparative assessment of honey bees and other insects with self-pollination of Sarson in Peshawar
Bashir Mohammad Khan and M. Ismail Chaudhry
...46to 34.34 (mean 28.68) grams of seed per plant while honey bee pollinated and non-apis insect pollinated plants yielded 67.2 to 90.02 (mean 74.37) grams and 41,72 to 56.35 (mean 48.42) grams per plant, respectively. The increase in seed yield due to insect pollination was 159.31% in case of honey bee pollinated plants and 68.83% in min-apis insect pollinated plants. Besides produci...
Effect of honey bee pollination on the fruit setting and yield of Loquat
Bashir Mohammad Khan, Mohammad Shahid and M. Ismail Chaudhry
... the lowest yield of 21 grams per panicle with least minimum fruit setting of 3.75%. The highest yield of 708 grams was obtained from panicles left open to honey bee's pollination under natural condition with fruit setting of 82.93 percent; whereas the panicles left open under natural conditions without honey bee visitation yielded 252 grams per panicle with fruit setting of 46.15 p...
Application of computer in Forestry
Raja Walayat Hussain
...trol of new planting programs. In information management it finds its application in maintaining upto- date records of long range experiments and files of employees. Different decision making techniques such as linear programming simulation, research and network planning are described and important programs developed by United States Forest Service are discussed. ...
Trial of poisonous gases and Baits against Porcupines
M. Ismail Chaudhry and Ashiq Ahmad
...ied at the rate of 225 grams in hilly areas and 450 grams in plains gave 50% kill of porcupines hence required 2 to 3 repeated treatments for complete control. Potassium cyanide applied to apples in cuts at the rate of one gram also proved very effective. Poison baits prepared with Zinc phosphide, sevin and Recumin were not eaten at all. ...
Soils and their management requirements in Bahawalpur Irrigated Plantation
M. Farooq and Jalal-ud-Din
...ached map. Schematic diagrams of the representative soil profiles are appended to this paper. This information could greatly help in the preparation of the forest working plan. ...
Oregano Leaf Meal as Phytogenic Feed Supplements: A Potential Antibiotic Alternative in Broiler Chicken Diets

Kremlin Mark B. Ampode

...st live weight (1185.40 grams) and average daily gain (38.01 grams) by day 28. Notably, no significant differences were observed in feed conversion ratio, and groups with 3% and 5% OLM supplementation displayed no mortality. Additionally, OLM did not induce gut inflammation or the presence of undigested particles in the colon. Interestingly, the 3% OLM group also exhibited a significantly higher dressing percentage (68%), su...
The Mastery of Extension Field Staff (EFS): Unveiling Their Expertise in Crop Management Practices

Kashif Shehzad* and Ikramul Haq

...essional development programs. These initiatives should aim to update EFS on the latest innovations in agricultural technology, sustainable farming methods and climate-resilient practices.

...
Toxocara spp. Prevalence and Risk Factors in Cats from Mexico

Camilo Romero Núñez1, Laura Miranda Contreras1, Rafael Heredia Cárdenas1, Ariadna Flores Ortega2*, Linda Guiliana Bautista Gómez3 

...ng effective control programs. The objective of this study was to assess the current prevalence and risk factors for Toxocara spp. in cats. A total of 3695 fecal samples from cats of all ages, genders, breeds, clinical conditions, and origins, representing 31 out of the 32 states of the Mexican Republic, were included. Toxocara presence was assessed using the direct smear technique and Faust centrifugation-flotation with a 33% saturated solution of zinc sulfat...
Unveiling the Dendroclimatic Potential of Blue Pine (Pinus wallichiana) Growing in Shangla, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

Tanvir Hussain*, Zahid Rauf, Mansoor Ali Khan and Khalid Hussain 

...two computer - based programs , were used to statistically evaluate the data. The findings indicated that there was a notable rise in yearly precipitation between 1921 and 2021, which had a substantial impact on the species ’ growth . Furthermore , precipitation was discovered to be a limiting factor for this species’ growth. From the results, it was concluded that blue pine growing under the prevailing climatic conditions of Shangla has good poten...
Effects of Polyherbal Formulation As a Natural Replacer of Choline Chloride in Weaned Piglet Diets: Impacts on Performance and Blood Parameters

Rhuan Chaves1, Diego Leal2, Ygor de Paula³, Andreia Vilas Boas4, Ana Toledo4, Sígfrid López-Ferrer5, Vinicius Cantarelli3, Cesar Garbossa2* 

...oline Chloride 60% (600 grams/ton supplementation), and Kolin Plus™ FC (20% choline chloride; Indukern, Brazil). Diets were formulated to meet or exceed nutritional requirements, and piglets had ad libitum access to feed and water throughout the experiment. The use of Kolin plus™ FC tended (p = 0.09) to improve the feed conversion ratio in the pre-starter II phase. No statistical differences were observed for the remaining performance variables. Th...
Evaluation of Advanced Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Genotypes for Yield and Resistance to Pod Borer (Helicoverpa armigera L.)

Hamid Ullah Khan1*, Muhammad Anas1*, Rozina Gul1, Waseem Ullah Shah1, Abdul Haleem2, Muneeb Ahamd Khan1, Muhammad Taimur1, Tahreem Shah1, Sajjad Ur Rahman1, Noman Anjum1 and Muhammad Saqib3

...re chickpea breeding programs. The experimental material consisted of 45 chickpea genotypes tested over two years in the Randomize Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications at the University of Agriculture, Peshawar. Data was documented in terms of days of emergence, days to flower, plant height, pods per plant, seed per pod, 100 seed weight, grain yield, larval infestation, pod damage percentage and biological yield. The pooled analysis of variance...
The Influence of Differential Administration of Natural Vitamin E (Green Bean Sprouts) and Synthetic Vitamin E on the Macroscopic and Microscopic Quality of Semen in Sheep

Kusuma Adhianto*, Tina Rahmawati, Rio Ramanda, Muhtarudin Muhtarudin, Sri Suharyati 

...0 IU (equivalent to 223 grams of green bean sprouts), P2; Complete Feed 60% + silage 40% + Synthetic Vitamin E 50 IU. The acquired data was subsequently analyzed using descriptive methods for pH, consistency, color, and odor, while volume, motility, live spermatozoa, abnormality, and concentration were analyzed using ANOVA and followed by Bonferroni post hoc test at a significance level of 5%. The findings of this study indicate that there is no significant (P...
Multi-Locus Genetic Analysis in Silver Carp Populations of Indus River as Influenced by Restocking Programs

Taqwa Safdar, Khalid Abbas*, Muhammad Sarfraz Ahmed, Hina Amjad, Sumra Naz and Jamal Kazam

...ticularly restocking programs. These losses in genetic diversity present erosion of global biodiversity. The genetic status of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix in the Indus River was assessed by using microsatellite markers. For the purpose, samples were collected from five selective Indus River sites, and DNA extraction was done by proteinase-K and standard phenol/chloroform DNA isolation method. Genomic DNA was PCR amplified by Labeo rohita cross-species amplific...
Relationship Between Body Weight and Linear Body Measurements at Various Stages of Permanent Tooth Eruption in Indigenous Matebele Female Goats of Zimbabwe
Never Assan1,2, Michael Musasira3, Maphios Mpofu3, Nicholas Mwayera4, Kwena Mokoena5, Thobela Louis Tyasi5* 
...c weighing scale in kilograms. The correlation between BWT and LMBs was assessed using Pearson’s correlation and regression were used for data analysis. The highest correlation was observed between body length (BL) and rump height (RH) (r = 0.70), while BWT and heart girth (HG) showed a significant correlation (r = 0.68) (p<0.05) at I2 stage. Simple regression models demonstrated good predictive power on BWT at the FM stage for HG (R2 = 74%), BL (R2 =...
Morphometric Life Attributions of Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) under two Controlled Consecutive Temperatures

Wali Muhammad Mangrio1*, Yasmeen Buriro1, Hakim Ali Sahito1, Faheem Ahmed Jatoi1 and Fahmeeda Imdad Sahito2 

...d (4.44±0.74) in grams at (30±2oC). However, at (20±2oC), larvae weight was calculated (0.15±0.09), (0.78±0.18), (1.12±0.27), (2.165±0.35) and (3.98±0.66). The radish-brown pupae body length was recorded (3.65±0.45), its weights reported (4.94±0.72), and (4.66±0.80) in grams. The radish-brown black colored patches of male length were (2.98±0....
Effect of Adding Different Concentrations of Vitamin C and E to Improve Poor Semen Quality in Ram

Sumaya Loay Mohamed Shams Al-Dean1*, Sura Shakir Hammoud2, Mohammedali J. Ghafil3

...on, Four Ghezel-Merinose rams, who were roughly two years old, were employed .They were kept in settings of uniform lighting, housing, and food. The farm’s feeding programme was applied to the experimental animals as well. Ejaculate of the rams is divided into seven groups. For the investigation, only ejaculates with a weak motile function were chosen. Divided into four equal aliquots, each ejaculate was diluted using ...
Protective Efficacy of the Commercial Vaccine against H9N2 Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease in Rare Wild Birds in Shanghai Zoo

Yingying Wang1, Sufen Zhao2* and Qunxiu Liu3*

...type AI immunization programs adopted by Shanghai Zoo can enable wild birds such as pheasants, waterfowl, and waders to produce antibody titers that meet national standards. The current immunization program against ND can provide sufficient protection for pheasants and waterfowl, but in some wading birds fails to reach 100% due to different species, which needs to be verified in future work. Therefore, if necessary, the vaccination interval between administrat...
Enhancing Broiler Chick Growth with Locally Produced Thermostable Cellulase in Fibrous Diets

Aisha Khalid1,2, Roheela Yasmeen1*, Farah Ahmad1, Mudassar Aslam2, Muhammad Tayyab2  

...al average weight of 39 grams. Group A served as the negative control with a non-enzyme supplemented diet, while Group E was the positive control, receiving a diet supplemented with 500 IU of commercial neutral cellulase. Groups B, C, and D received diets supplemented with locally produced recombinant thermostable cellulase at concentrations of 500, 750, and 1000 IU/kg, respectively. The results, analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test, sho...
NS5A Resistance Associated Mutations to Daclatasvir in Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 3a Treatment Naive and SOF/DCV Treatment Failure Patients

Saima Younas and Aleena Sumrin*

Growth Performance and Morphology Traits Associated with Neuropeptide Y (NPY) Genes Expression in Native Chickens

Jennarong Kammongkun1, Doungnapa Promket2*

...r selective breeding programs. Incorporating NPY polymorphisms into breeding strategies could boost productivity and efficiency in poultry farming. Future research should explore additional genetic factors influencing these traits.
 
Keywords | Growth performance, Morphology, Gene marker, Native chickens, Candidate gene, Economic trait
...
Estrus Signs and Estrogen Levels in Brahman Cross and First-Generation (F1) Crossbred Cattle: Implications for Pregnancy and Repeat Mating

Devi Ermawati1, Panjono2, Sigit Bintara1, Ali Agus3, Budi Prasetyo Widyobroto2, Bertha Yudistyra4, Rifai Mustofa4, Tety Hartatik1*

...s in cattle breeding programs is highlighted in these findings.
 
 
Keywords | Brahman cross, Estrogen levels, Estrus signs, F1 Crossbreeding, Pregnancy, Repeat mating
...
Assessing the Impact of Insect Pest Biodiversity on the Ecological Footprint of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) Cultivation in Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan

Muhammad Ehsan Maqbool1*, Muhammad Nadeem Mushtaq1, Tamathues2, Khadija Tul Kubra1, Arish Zulfiqar1, Muhammad Shoaib Sarwar1, Zeeshan Yousaf3, Mudassar Yaseen1, Farwa Nosheen3

...est management (IPM) programs to control these economically important pests. 
 
Novelty Statement | The current study represents the relationship between insect pest diversity and sustainable growth of the okra crop. It also fills a critical study gap by examining the impact of insect pests on this crop and promoting the development of new pest control techniques.
...
The Reproductive Tract Score and Characteristic of Cervical Mucus on Fertility Rate of Bali Heifers

Muhammad Yusuf1*, Abdul Latief Toleng1, Hasrin Hasrin2, Abdullah Baharun3, Athhar Manabi Diansyah1,4, Santoso Santoso4, Rahmat Rahmat1

...roductive management programs. In conclusion, both RTS and cervical mucus characteristics are important for predicting reproductive performance in Bali heifers, their interdependence is minimal. Therefore, integrating multiple evaluative criteria is essential for a comprehensive assessment of reproductive potential on Bali heifers. This approach will optimize breeding strategies and enhance productivity and sustainability of Bali heifer populations.
Dietary Diversity by Provinces and Administrative Divisions with Rural-Urban Divide in Pakistan

Abid Hussain1*, Bilal Khan Yousafzai1 and Muhammad Ishaq2

...develop policies and programs to target administrative divisions with low dietary diversity. It is found that consumption pattern of the people has changed to a substantial extent during the study period. Meat consumption has increased a little in urban areas (1.0%) and decreased to a considerable extent in rural areas (9.3%). Egg consumption has decreased by 30.3% and 24.6 % in urban and rural area, respectively. While, rise in consumption of both fruits and ...
Allelopathic Effect of Moringa oleifera L. Aqueous Extract on the Germination and Seedling Growth of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.)

Mahisba Waris1, Muhammad Azim Khan2*, Muhammad Fawad1*, Nabeela Jafer1, Rashid Hussain3 and Haseeb Ahmad3

...y using a grinder and 50grams of dried leaves powder was added with 500 milliliters of distilled water in a beaker. Subsequently, the mixture was passed through muslin cloth and various concentration was prepared (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%). Statistical analysis of data reveal that various concentration of moringa aqueous extract significantly affected germination indices of okra seeds with highest germination (93.3%), followed by germination energy (93.3%), ger...
Effects of Newcastle Disease Infection on the mRNA Expression of Inflammatory Biomarkers in Naturally Infected Chicks

Hakeem Jawad Kadhim1, Abbas Kamil Shlaga1*, Safaa Hussein Ali2 

...ntensive vaccination programs, many flocks still experience clinical signs of ND virus infection. In this study, we aimed to detect the ND virus and characterize the associated inflammatory response in naturally infected broilers. Utilizing RT-PCR, the expression of the matrix (M) gene of NDV and inflammatory biomarkers, including C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and gamma interferon (IFN-γ) genes were anal...
Unraveling Renal Complexities in Thalassemia Major: A Comprehensive Nephrological Inquiry in Central Punjab, Pakistan

Muhammad Waqas1*, Razia Bashir1, Khadija Munir1 and Muhammad Arshad2

...eling, and awareness programs in managing thalassemia major in the Central Punjab population.

...
Impact of Fig-Enriched Tris-Albumin Extender on the Quality of Boer Buck Spermatozoa

Lalu Ahmad Zaenuri*, Rodiah Rodiah

...be beneficial for AI programs, but also contribute to the existing literature on semen preservation extenders.
 
Keywords | Tris, Albumin, Fig fruit filtrate, Spermatozoa, Goat
...
Study Different Protocols for Estrus Synchronization in Sheep Using the Vaginal Sponge and CIDR

Sulake Fadhil Al-Zubaidi1*, Khawla A. Hussain2, Abdulamir A. Alzahid3

...zation is one of the programs to increase the productivity of sheep in the world. The aim for this study was to compare between different protocols for estrus synchronization in sheep. A total of twenty-two Awasi ewes of 2-3 years of age were divided into 5 groups: Group I consisted of six ewes and were treated with Flurogestone Acetate Vaginal Sponge (40 mg) for 14 days. Group II was treated with sponge was soaked with 60 mg of Medroxyprogesterone acetate/spo...
Anthelmintic Effect of Silver Nanoparticles of Citrullus colocynthis on Leishmina tropica Isolated from Pet Animals In Vitro

Abdulameer Jawad Zayier*

...ant (0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2) grams and shown best results in lowering viability in two days after treatment , While the alcoholic extract had an greatest significant inhibitory effect at concentration of 2 grams on the eighth day of incubation, killing of the 100% of the live parasites was observed comparison with the control group No any significant effect of the hot and cold aquatic colocynth extracts was observed on the vitali...
An Impact of Intravenous Injection of L-Carnitine on the Sexual Characteristics of Aged Sheep

Dheyab D. Radhi1*, Rasheed H.A. Al-Aidi2, Ali Ahmed Khalaf 3

...n quality of aged Awassi rams (local Iraqi sheep) by injecting L-carnitine directly into the venous blood. For this purpose, twelve rams with ages ranged between 5 and 6 years were used. The animals were distributed into three groups, each group consisted of four rams. The first group was given an intravenous injection of 5 ml of distilled water as a control group. The second group was giv...

Journal of Animal Health and Production

November

Vol. 12, Sp. Iss. 1

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