Effectiveness of β-Lactoglobulin and Leptin Genes Variants on Zaraiby and Damascus Goat Milk Traits
Effectiveness of β-Lactoglobulin and Leptin Genes Variants on Zaraiby and Damascus Goat Milk Traits
Ahmed M. Darwish1*, Hassan R. Darwish1, Dalia M. Mabrouk1, Mohamed A. Abdelhafez1, Ahmed M. Abdel-Salam2, Ibrahim E. Mohamed3, Ibrahim M. Farag1
ABSTRACT
β-lactoglobulin (β-LG) and Leptin (LEP) genes are described as the functional genes for milk yield and milk composition. This study aims to identify different genotypes of β-LG and LEP genes associated with milk composition in Zaraiby and Damascus goats. 80 samples of blood and milk were collected from farm animals in Sakha, Egypt. The potential of hydrogen (pH), fat, protein, lactose, and solid not fat (SNF) were determined by biochemical methods in all milk samples. Different genotypes of β-LG and LEP genes were detected by single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP-PCR), and then validated by sequence analysis. The results of SSCP-PCR showed a monomorphic pattern for the β-LG gene and a polymorphic pattern for the LEP gene. The sequence analysis showed that the β-LG gene has one genotype without any single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) while the LEP gene has two genotypes (CC and CT) with one SNP at position 194 C>T. The statistical analysis of milk and genotypes data showed that the β-LG gene has not any effect in the measurement of milk composition in Zaraiby and Damascus goats, while the CT genotype of the LEP gene causes an insignificant reduction in protein percentage and insignificant increase in fat percentage in Damascus goat. In conclusion, the fat percent of Damascus goat milk is affected by the T allele of the Leptin gene. Therefore, the T allele may help improve milk fat content through breeding programs.
Keywords | β-lactoglobulin, Leptin gene, Milk traits, Goat
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