Muhammad Ashraf Khan1, Hizbullah Khan1, Abid Farid2
...virus (HaNPV) applied to eggs of Sitotroga cerealella Olive, on emergence of and para- sitism by female Trichogramma chilonis (Ishii) emerged from HaNPV- treated host eggs. The percent emergence (mean) of tiny parasitoid from host eggs treated during egg, larval and pupal stages with the virus at field dose (x), 2x dose, and 0.5x dose ranged from 83.2- 87.3%, 87.1- 91.6%, and 83.7- 89.7%, ...
Mohammed A. Rohaim1*, Rania F. El Naggar2, Ahmed M. Helal3, Hussein Ahmed Hussein1 and Neil LeBlanc4
...death time (86 hours) in eggs and the intracerebral pathogenicity index (1.2), and the amino acid motif, (112KRQKR116), at the cleavage site of the fusion (F) protein indicated the emergence of PPMV-1 in Egypt. Phylogenetic analysis of the F and haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) genes indicated that the isolate clustered with the PPMV-1 strains recently reported from Israel within subgenotype VIb. Our findings report the emergence of PPMV-1 in Egyptian pigeons...
Zafar Khan, Asad Sultan, Rajwali Khan, Sarzamin Khan, Imranullah and Kamran Farid
...atus of animals. Chicken eggs are one of the main sources of protein but if contaminated by toxic heavy metals will cause a harmful effect on human health. The concentration of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, Fe, Mn and Zn) present in poultry egg and meat were determined in the following three districts; Peshawar, Dir Lower and Malakand of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa by using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. In all the three districts the egg albumen was found to contain...
Manzoor Hussain*, Miloslav Zouhar and Pavel Rysanek
...fective against nematode eggs (95.6%) and second stage juveniles (J2) (95.8%) infection. In greenhouse experiment, similar trend was found. L. muscarium proved to be more effective against M. hapla whereas S. rugosoannulata and C. rosea showed better results among other tested fungi in experiments. Moreover, plant growth parameters were also improved due to antagonistic relationship of fungi and nematodes in soil....
Manzoor Hussain*, Miloslav Zouhar and Pavel Rysanek
...cysts per 250 g of soil, eggs and juveniles per cyst. Nematicides effects were not quite significant among each other but had tremendous effects in reducing nematode population compared to that of untreated control. A significant (P=0.05) reduction in numbers of eggs per cyst warrants that nematicides were able to penetrate into cysts. Reproduction rate (Pf/Pi) of L. muscarium treated plants was documented minimum as compare...
Determination of Early Colonizer Urban Blowfly Species Using Small Bait Traps on a University Campus
Halide Nihal Açikgöz1*, Serdal Kenan Köse2 and Ali Açikgöz3
Metin Duru1*, Asuman Arslan Duru1, Köksal Karadaş2, Ecevit Eyduran3, Harun Cinli4 and Mohammad Masood Tariq5
...sis illustrated suitable eggs for egg cartons and shipment in poultry industry. As a result, it was determined in the study that CHAID analysis may be used to better prove relationship mechanism between egg quality characteristics which are of great importance for higher price and more income of fertile and table eggs....
Manzoor Hussain*, Miloslav Zouhar and Pavel Ryšánek
...ng the maximum number of eggs, whereas D. oviparasitica appeared to be the least efficient after 72 hours. The greatest numbers of cysts and eggs were found to be colonized with L. muscarium during microscopic observations. In the greenhouse experiment, L. muscarium had significant effects in reducing the nematode population in soil compared to the other treatments. In regard to the growth parameters, root and shoot gro...
Manzoor Hussain*, Miloslav Zouhar and Pavel Ryšánek
...gg masses, juveniles and eggs per root system, and reproduction factor. Four initial populations (Pi) (500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 eggs) mixed with antagonistic fungal conidia levels (1×103, 1×104, 1×105, 1×106) were used during the experiments. The roots were stained with Phloxine B, the egg-masses were quantified, the root systems were rated for galling, and the egg masses were measured on a 0 to 5 sc...
Manzoor Hussain*, Miloslav Zouhar and Pavel Ryšánek
...of galls and egg masses, eggs and juveniles (J2), and the reproduction factor (Rf=Pf/Pi) was observed in the plants treated with L. muscarium compared to the control. However, all chemical nematicides were also effective in reducing the nematode infestation significantly (P=0.05) in soil compared to the control, but there was no significant difference (P=0.05) among them. Plant growth was significantly (P=0.05) improved in the plants treated with L. muscarium....
Sania Subhan Qureshi, Mian Saeed Sarwar and Zahir Shah
...des a source of meat and eggs to the local population and helps in poverty alleviation and a source of family income through entrepreneurship. A hen with the complaint of swelling on abdominal region, came to Veterinary Teaching Hospital, The University of Agriculture Peshawar. Physical examination was performed and it was diagnosed a case of muscle tumor (myoma). A skin incision was given to expose and to remove tumor mass from the surrounding tissues. Perit...
Marryam Bakhtawar1, Qamar Saeed1* and Naeem Iqbal2
... solenopsis), grain moth eggs (Sitotroga cerealella) and honey. Results revealed complete development of all larval stages on all diets with maximum survival of lady bird beetle larvae on mustard aphid (76.6%) followed by on grain moth’s eggs (20%), immature mealybugs (6%) and the least survival on honey. These findings can lead to the discovery of new artificial diets for the C. undecimpunctata for the mass release in...
Sumra Ashraf1, Zain ul Abdin1,*, Saqi Kosar Abbas2,Rao Sohail Ahmad Khan3, Muhammad Tahir1, Sehrish Rasool1, Maryam Anwar1 and Fiaz Hussain1
...ificantly more number of eggs, adults and also lived significantly longer than other treatments. Highest fecundity and longevity of parasitoid was recorded in case of parasitoids feeding on 50% honey solution followed by 25% sugar and date syrups solutions respectively. It has provided useful information for the mass rearing of this potential biocontrol agent which may be used in the successful implementation of biocontrol program for the suppression of pyrali...
Sadaf Ijaz Malik1, Kiran Afshan2* and Mazhar Qayyum1
...of amphistome adults and eggs combined with examining pathological, hematological and bile biochemical response in buffaloes to Gigantocotyle explanatum infection. Of the 558 slaughtered buffaloes from central Punjab, Pakistan, 18.99% were infected, and morphometric analyses were made of 115 mature amphistomes and gravid eggs with traditional microscopic methods on the basis of standardized measurements. Amphistomes w...
Abdul Malik1,4, Ghulam Abbas1*, Hameeda Kalhoro2, Illahi Bux Kalhoro3, Syed Sajjad A. Shah4 and Halima Kalhoro3
...ce a day for 60 days and eggs were collected weekly. Results showed that fertilized eggs were found to be greater in number at low salinity level as compared to higher salinity level. Survival of fry ranged from 1058 to 1100 at salinity level of 0‰ – 20‰ with 5% increment, after which fry number decreased significantly (P<0.05). The fertilized eggs did not differ for...
Sehrish Rasool1, Zain ul Abdin1,*, Saqi Kosar Abbas2, Sumra Ashraf1, Maryam Anwer1, Atif Manzoor1, Muhammad Tahir1 and Hoor Shaina1
...he lowest number of wasp eggs (4 eggs per larvae) on the hosts larvae and minimum number of adult wasps was recorded from the hosts G. mellonella 44 ±1.15 (se), and S. litura (39 ±0.57 (se) by placing the highest number of wasp eggs (20 eggs per larvae) on the hosts larvae. Likewise mean width of the head of adult wasp emerged...
Saqib Ali1, Suliman Ali1, Lina1, Wen Zhou1, Muhammad Irfan Waris1, Ashfaq Ali2 and Man Qun Wang1,*
.... The females lay eggs on the bark surface of the stems and branches of trees as a result rotten woody plants. The larval beetles characteristically feed in the phloem as well as later in the xylem. The females select living hosts for oviposition and thus destroy the vigour of the trees. However, at the early stage of intestation, detection of Anoplophora glabripennis and exposure will help to eliminate the pest in addition to prevent its establi...
Wesam Hasan Mohamed Mady 1*, Bing Liu2, Dong Huang2, A. Arafa1, M.K. Hassan1, M.M. Aly1, Pucheng Chen2, Yongping Jiang2* and Hualan Chen2
...) for virus titration in eggs. Data indicated that all chickens vaccinated with pCA-Egy-H9 were fully protected without clinical signs and virus shedding. Our results revealed that the pCA-Egy-H9 plasmid DNA vaccine could induce complete protection in chickens against H9N2 virus challenge and may propose an alternative strategy to control virus infections in the poultry industry....
1Parvin Noor and 2Md. Nashir Uddin
Morphological changes of different castes of the subterranean termites (Odontotermes proformosanus) in fungus combs of termitophiles
...ing the period of study, eggs and nymphs were collected in different seasons from the fungus combs of termite mounds. Eggs of O. proformosanus were found profusely in fungus comb in the months of March, May, September and October of 2006 to 2008 Average lengths and standard deviation (mean±SD) of the eggs were (0.66 ± 0.09), width (0.04 ± 0.07) mm and egg shape ratio i...
A. K. Chaubey and Satyandra Kumar
Bio-management of root knot nematode and root rot disease by antagonistic fungi and rhizobacteria
...exposure of M. incognita eggs and juveniles to the culture filtrates showed high inhibition in egg hatching and caused high mortality of juveniles than the control (P< 0.05). The microorganisms which caused high nematicidal activity also showed antifungal activity in dual plate culture test in vitro. All the antagonists showed reduction in root knot and root rot disease and promote plants growth as the length and weight of root and shoot in pot trials on to...
K.N. Ahmed and M.R. Hasan
Sudden outbreak of mealy bug and armoured scale causing severe damage to economic crops in Bangladesh
...emale lays about 300-400 eggs which hatch in few hours. The life cycle is completed in about 40 days. The small and big black ants tend F. virgata and they keep other insects including hymenopteran parasites away from the mealy bug. The cottony cushion scale, Icerya purchasi Mask. (Homoptera: Margarodidae) is a soft-bodied mealy bug infesting guava leaves all over Bangladesh. It is reddish-brown and lays up to 600-700 eggs d...
M. A. Al-Helal, K. N. Ahmed, N-E-P. Khanom, and S. Bulbul
Observations on papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus Williams & Willink (Hemiptera : Pseudococcidae) damag-ing some crops in Bangladesh
... usually lays 100 to 600 eggs. Eggs are greenish-yellow in colour measuring 0.120 cm diameter and laid in an ovisac that 3-4 times the body length. Eggs are covered with white waxy substances developed ventrally by the adult female. Egglaying is continued up to 2 weeks and 150-200 eggs were deposited during this period. The life cycle is completed within...
Dinesh Kachhawa and Sahidur Rahman
Factors influencing incidence of red spider mite of tea, Oligonychus coffeae (Nietner) in Assam
...f March 2012. In case of eggs population, there was a gradual increasing trend in egg number to reach the peak population in the month of April. From April to June overall higher population of eggs/leaf was noticed. Afterwards sharp decline in number of eggs was noticed during July and August. Again population of eggs was increased during September and O...
Goutam Samui and S. Jha
Biology, seasonal incidence and management of Apsylla cistellata Bucton. on mango in West Bengal
...st had been found to lay eggs at the sides of midribs during first week to end of March. Incubation period lasted from first week of March to middle of August. Eggs hatched in the middle of August and gall formation had been found to start from first week of September. Nymphal period lasted from mid of August to end of February. Adult emergence occurred from fourth week of February and continued up to third week of March. Ny...
K. K. Hegde and B. S. Nandihalli
Bioefficacy of some indigenous products in the management of okra fruit borers
...recorded least number of eggs (1.40 eggs/plant) followed by NSKE (5%) alternated with cow dung 10 per cent (1.71 eggs/plant). Repeated sprays of cow dung and cow urine used individually were not effective against the borers and recorded higher fruit damage of 55.70 and 52.10 per cent, respectively. GCKE was significantly superior in reducing the fruit borer damage to the tune of 64.83 per ...
Shrinivas Mudigoudra and Shekharappa
Evaluation of plant products aganist sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata Rondani
... NSKE (5%) recorded less eggs of shoot fly (0.40egg/plant), per cent dead heart (14.97%) and maximum grain yield of 13.22 q.ha-1 among different plant products. The next best plant product was found to be V. negundo @ 5% in recording less incidence of shoot fly and obtaining higher grain yield. However, both the treatments were found next best only to carbofuran 3 G....
Beenish Zahid1,*, Asim Aslam2, Zafar Iqbal Chaudhry2 and Raheela Akhtar2
...g in embryonated chicken eggs through chorioallantoic membrane. The two hundred birds were divided into 4 groups A, B, C and D). The birds in group A were commercial broiler chicks having maternal derived antibodies and were challenged with IBDV field isolate at the rate of 0.1ml of EID50 (virus titer 105.50/100μl) on 2nd week of age through eye drops. Group B specific antibody negative (SAN) chicks were challenged with same dose at 2<...
Muzammil Sattar
...y 89.23±0.36 % of eggs and longer oviposition period 42.13±1.11 days were recorded in adults feeding on a diet containing Nu lure followed by protein hydrolysate (control diet). The F1 progeny larvae that developed from adults consuming (Nu lure 5ml) diet had the shortest larval and pupal periods and complete all developmental stages in shortest period of time. Insects reared on different concentrations of proteins. Insects rear on dif...
Muhammad Ayaz1,*, Muhammad Athar Abbas2, Pervez3, Noorulain3, Yasir Amin1, Zubair Ali3, Naila Siddique2 and Khalid Naeem2
...t on embryonated chicken eggs. Identification of H protein was undertaken through hem agglutination Inhibition (HI) test while N typing was done using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) procedure. Out of 600 examined locations twenty two (22) H9N2 subtypes isolates were recorded. The total prevalence recorded was 3.66%and out of 498 broiler operations yielded 17 (3.4%) positive isolates and 44 golden type native chic...
Jianping Gou, Jianli Xiong*, Baoxia Dong, Zhennan Liu and Manman Hou
...produce more high-energy eggs.
...
Ayşe Gül Harlıoğlu*
...ositions of unfertilized eggs, semen, fertilized eggs, eyed embryo, yolk-sac larvae and absorbed yolk-sac larvae were investigated in rainbow trout(O. mykiss). The polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were found the highest followed by monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and saturated fatty acids (SFA) in the unfertilized eggs. On the other hand, PUFA was the highest followed by SFA an...
Muhammad Abdullah1,*, Rashid A. khan2, Muhammad Rafay3, Tanveer Hussain3, Tahira Ruby4,Fariha Rehman5, Sangam Khalil3 and Sohail Akhtar6
...ons, courtship behavior, eggs measurements (clutch size, eggs length, breadth and weight), incubation and hatching. The hatching of the chicks was observed to be an asynchronous one i.e., chicks did not hatch at the same time but at an interval of a day (20-25 h). Role of parents during weaning period i.e. feeding and parental care of nestlings was performed by both partners. It may be said that Cattle egret is an ins...
Jie Wu1, Jiagui Zhu2, Ke Wang2, Dejing Cai2, Yingying Liu1, Yanzhen Bu1,* and Hongxing Niu1,*
... season; 2) thirty-three eggs were laid in 12 nests, the average clutch size being 2.75±0.75 (range 2-4); 3) twenty-five eggs were hatched, with the average hatching success 78.48%; 4) twenty-three fledglings flew; the average fledging rate: 75.00%; 5) the average breeding success rate was 70.14%. The results will help guide the recovery and expansion of the Chinese crested ibis populations and for other reintroductio...
Faiz Muhammad1,*, Syed Khurram Fareed1, Urooj Zafar1, Taseer Ahmed Khan2 and Aqeel Ahmad1
...lines or suspect fertile eggs for virus vaccine production.
...
Liana Mihaela Fericean1* and Mihaela Corneanu2
...ith males and lay winter eggs. The biometrical measurements of Aphis nasturtii help to complete knowledge on external morphology of this species. By knowledge of biology and ecology of Aphis nasturtii a protocol for the prevention and control can be established.
...
Karim El-Sabrout* and Mohamed H. Khalil
...generally during chicken eggs incubation has been shown to affect hatchability, but using light-emitting diode (LED) precisely has not been fully examined. This study aims to evaluate the effect of LED lighting during incubation of Fayoumi eggs on hatchability (period length, dead embryos and percentage) and hatch chick performance (weight, vitality). The experiment was carried out in two groups with total number of 1800
Jie Wu1, Jiagui Zhu2, Ke Wang2, Dejing Cai2, Yingying Liu1, Yanzhen Bu1,* and Hongxing Niu1,*
... season; 2) thirty-three eggs were laid in 12 nests, the average clutch size being 2.75±0.75 (range 2-4); 3) twenty-five eggs were hatched, with the average hatching success 78.48%; 4) twenty-three fledglings flew; the average fledging rate: 75.00%; 5) the average breeding success rate was 70.14%. The results will help guide the recovery and expansion of the Chinese crested ibis populations and for other reintroductio...
Qingying Jia1, Hui Wang1, Tianhong Wang1, Na Dong1, Shuguang Ren1,2, Xiaolong Yang1, Jingze Liu1,* and Zhijun Yu1,3,*
...st incubation periods of eggs were shortened after temperature treatments on the engorged H. longicornis, and 37°C stress for more than 10 days resulted in no hatchment. Stress at 0°C on engorged ticks caused no effects on egg viability, whereas 4°C and prolonged 37°C and 40°C treatments on engorged H. longicornis decreased the hatchment rate of their eggs. These findings suggest that the ti...
Abdul Malik1,2, Ghulam Abbas1,*, Abdul Ghaffar3, Sara Ferrando4, Lorenzo Gallus4 and Syed Sajjad A. Shah2,3
...mil; and 25‰. The eggs per gram body weight were also recorded in all treatments and highest eggs were obtained i.e. 4.0-4.3 per female on 0‰-15‰. Water temperature (28.02±0.12°C), dissolved oxygen (6.4±0.02 mg/L), pH (7.47±0.04) and ammonia (less than 0.022±0.001 mg/L) were monitored throughout the study period. Water quality parameters remained within the recommen...
Muhammad Hafeez-ur-Rehman1,Farzana Abbas2,Ghulam Abbas3,*, Arshad Javid4, Ali Hussain4, Syedah Andleeb5,Khalid Javed Iqbal6 and Muhammad Akmal1
...ion of broodfish and its eggs. There were three treatments (T1, T2 and T3) and a control with three replicates in each group. Control group was exclusively fed on natural food composed of tilapia fry while fish in T1 was fed on 30%, T2 on 35% and T3 on 40% protein diet, respectively. A total of 240 Channa marulius (945 g) were arbitrarily stocked in 12 earthen ponds (90 ft × 70 ft &...
Justyna Batkowska1,*, Lukasz Wlazlo2, Kamil Drabik1, Bozena Nowakowicz-Debek2, Karrar I.A. Al-Shammari3 and Magdalena Gryzinska1
...radisi) for hatching eggs disinfection. 420 eggs were randomly divided into 3 groups (150 pcs each). 1st group was not disinfected (NC – negative control), the 2nd one was disinfected with formaldehyde and KMnO4 fumigation (PC - positive control). In 3rd group fresh juice of red grapefruit was used as disinfectant (GT). Eggs were incuba...
Mustafa Sahin1,*, Esra Yavuz1 and Fatih Uckardes2
...ethods. For this reason, eggs were collected from 20 to 24 weeks of age, non-selected and random-mated Japanese quails. In this study, we investigated the characteristics of egg external quality such as egg width (X1), egg length (X2), Haugh unit (X3), and shape index (X4). The impact of these variables on albumen index was analyzed. Due to the multicollinearity between independent variables, the standard errors and ...
Irfan1,*, Arshad Javid7, Muhammad Ashraf2, Athar Mahmud3, Muhammad Altaf4, Syed Makhdoom Hussain5, Muhammad Shahbaz4 and Khalid Javed Iqbal6
...20.57±1.97%. Laid eggs were collected, stored and were incubated for hatching. Hatchability percentage in artificially inseminated hens was greater 88.30% than natural mating 80.51%.
... 
Javed Khan, Ehsan-ul-Haq, Naheed Akhtar, Waseem Ahmad Gillani*, Naila Assad**, M.Asif Masood and Irum Raza*
EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF IMMATURE STAGES OF CHRYSOPERLA CARNEA (NEUROPTERA: CHRYSOPIDAE) FEEDING ON RICE MEAL MOTH, CORCYRA CEPHALONICA EGGS
...g on Corcyra cephalonica eggs at three constant temperatures 24 ±1 ºC, 28 ±1 ºC and 32 ±1 °C were studied. The results indicated that incubation period was 4.9±0.08, 3.8±0.08 and 3.0±0.06 days at three temperatures, respectively. Developmental duration of first instar were 3.6±0.07, 3.0±0.11, 2.0±0.06 days, second instar were 3.4±0.11, 3.0±0.07, 2.8±0.07 and third...
Asrar Ali*, Ehsan-ul-Haq**, Abdul Rehman***, Javed Khan, Waseem Ahmad Gillani** and Maria Rauf*
BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND PREDATORY POTENTIAL OF MENOCHILUS SEXMACULATUS FAB. (COLEOPTERA:COCCINELLIDAE) AT VARYING TEMPERATURE ON RHOPALOSIPHUM PADI L.
...30.53, 548.67 and 432.43 eggs, respectively. Percentage egg hatchability of the predator was significantly higher at 28±1°C. The total larval duration of predator was 9.47, 7.70 and 5.49 days, respectively. Duration of pupal period ranged between 2.21 and 4.35 days on R. padi at three temperatures. The pre-oviposition, oviposition and post-oviposition periods were between 4.64 and 7.48, 24.99 and 39.93 and 4.76 and 8.09 days, respectively on R. padi...
Rizwana Sultan*, Javed Khan, Ehsan ul Haq, Tariq Mehmood**, Roshan Zada Khattak***, and Naheed Akhtar**
BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF TRICHOGRAMMA CHILONIS ISHII (TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE: HYMENOPTERA) FEEDING ON SITOTROGA CEREALELLA EGGS AT THREE CONSTANT TEMPERATURES
...th, Sitotroga cereallela eggs at three constant temperatures and five different ages of host eggs at Insect Pest Management Programme, National Agricultural Research Centre, (NARC) Islamabad. The results revealed that maximum rate of parasitism was 95.70 ± 1.94 at 28 ± 1 °C while minimum was 61.30 ± 1.70 at 32 ± 1 °C. Maximum adult emergence and female ratio from parasitized
Maria Rauf*, Ehsan-ul-Haq**, Javed Khan**, Abdul Rehman***, Waseem Ahmad Gillani* and Asrar Ali**
BIOLOGY AND PREDATORY POTENTIAL OF COCCINELLA SEPTEMPUNCTATA LINN. ON SCHIZAPHIS GRAMINUM APHID UNDER CONTROLLED CONDITIONS
...e 123.5, 251.5 and 293.2 eggs per female, respectively. This indicates that adult male and female developmental duration, female fecundity rate were significantly different from each other at three constant temperatures. Maximum female and male predatory potential was 3262.8 and 2571.7 aphids at 25 ±1 °C while minimum was 2276.8 and 1890.6 aphids, respectively....
Muhammad Tayyab Mudassar*, Ehsan-ul-Haq*, Muhammad Naeemullah**, Muhammad Shakeel*, Muhammad Ashfaque*, Asmat un Nisa* and Javed Khan*
ECONOMIC REARING OF CHRYSOPERLA CARNEA (STEPHENS) (NEUROPTERA: CHRYSOPIDAE) IN INSECTARY
.... 40. Approximately 4000 eggs per month were obtained from the C. carnea adult culture and the cost per egg was Rs. 0.04. This study also revealed that the diet consumption of 100 C. carnea larvae was 3.617g of Sitotroga cerealella eggs and 1.793g of Phenacoccus solenopsis crawlers. Adult emergence rate was significantly higher when provided with S. cerealella eggs, which was more economic...
Javed Khan*, Ehsan-ul-Haq*, Habib Iqbal Javed*, Tariq Mahmood*,
Awais Rasool*, Naheed Akhtar and Saleem Abid**
BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND PREDATORY POTENTIAL OF CHRYSOPERLA CARNEA (NEUROPTERA: CHRYSOPIDAE) FEEDING ON WHEAT APHID SCHIZAPHIS GRAMINUM (HEMIPTERA: APHIDIDAE) UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS
...y was 384.2±21.20 eggs per female with 11.16±1.31 eggs per day per female....
Farrukh Saleem*, Babar Hilal Ahmad*, Saleem Zahid* and Bilal Kabeer*
COMPARATIVE PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF INDIGENOUS NAKED NECK AND NAKED NECK CROSSBRED LAYER CHICKENS
...k ) and produced heavier eggs (average weight 60.89g) than those produced by Naked Neck (NN). However, the difference in the feed intake values was found to be non 0.05). The Naked Neck layers produced thicker shelled eggs (0.390mm) and showed better livability than their counterparts. ...
Dildar Hussain Kalhoro1,2,, Shan Liang1, Muhammad Saleem Kalhoro2, Shoaib Ahmed Pirzado2, Nasir Rajput2, Muhammad Naeem2, Fahmida Parveen2 andYongjie Liu1*
... SPF embryonated chicken eggs. Sequencing analysis of hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes showed 93 to 99% similarity between each other. The CIV isolates shared high similarity (above 98%) to the H3N2 viruses from dogs in China. On the comparison of gene sequence four unique mutations were found in the amino acid of HA (A144T, R158K, D291N, L383F) and NA (T19A, V33L, V82A, S336N). The HA and NA genetic evolution analysis revealed that one isolate ...
Mahmoud M. Al-Azzazy1,2 and Saleh S. Alhewairini1,*
... of larvae hatching from eggs of A. lycopersici were 73.42, 56.92, 25.41 and 17.97 under greenhouse conditions and 68, 53.14, 23.51 and 15.18 under laboratory conditions at 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000ppm of Huwa-San TR50 after one week of treatment compared with the control (well water), respectively. The application of Huwa-San TR50 showed a promising safety profile when compared to other acaricides, as it spared predatory mites at concentrations which h...
Filiz Kutluyer*
...ity and hatching rate of eggs. The results from the present study indicated that addition of L-tryptophan increased the motility rate and duration in O. mykiss, S. rizeensis and S. coruhensis compared to control group. Highest sperm motility rate and its duration, and fertility and hatching rate of eggs of O. mykiss, S. rizeensis and S. coruhensis were 0.5 mM, 5 mM and 2 mM, respecti...
Shagufta Andleeb*1, Shabana Shaukat1, Chaman Ara2
...this purpose, fertilized eggs of Gallus domesticus were randomly divided into four groups of forty eggs each. Control group was intact and untreated. Eggs of one group were injected with a sub-lethal dose of cadmium chloride (1.5 µg/egg) in albumin on 7th day of incubation. In another group, eggs were treated with cadmium chloride...
Shagufta Andleeb*1, Fariha Zahid1, Noor-ul-Ain1, Yousra Nisar1, Chaman Ara2
...doses were injected into eggs on 3rd day while recovery of embryos was done on 7th day of incubation. Disrupted embryos with microcephly, hydrocephaly, short neck, micromelia, amelia, micrognathia, agnathia, cataract, ectopiacordis, omphalocoel, axis distortion, anencephaly, anophthalmia, microphthalmia, phocomelia with reduced body weight and crown- rump length in all dose groups were obtained. Adverse histological changes appeared in th...
Felicia NkechiEkeh*, Ifeanyi Oscar Ndimkaoha Aguzie, Joy Ihuoma Nzei, Chinenye Maria-Goretti Ohanu, Godwin Ikechukwu Ngwu and ChukwudiebubeUgolo
...20 larvae, 20 adults and eggs of D. maculatus. Groups A – C were exposed to 8, 12 and 15% ( w/w) of extract per kilogram of fish respectively. Observation for mortality and larval emergence was made every 3 days and cumulative taking at the end of 28 days. Mortality of adult D. maculatus was higher in 8, 12 and 15% (w/w) of P. guineense and 15% (w/w) of C. annum than control. Both extracts significantly enhanced D. maculatu...
Ye Gong, Nehafta Bibi and Haitao Wang*
... clutches that contained eggs of Mandarin duck and other species over 11 breeding seasons (2004 - 2014). We monitored the frequency of occurrence and the fate of eggs in those nests and recorded fourteen cases of mixed clutches that contained Mandarin duck eggs. Nine cases were classified as successful nest usurpation: in six cases nests of other birds were usurped by Mandarin duck and in ...
Tariq Mukhtar
...er of galls, egg masses, eggs per egg mass and reproductive factors of M. incognita in a dose dependent manner. Both the fungi caused the maximum reductions in these parameters at two highest doses of 8×103 and 1×104 cfu/g of soil. The increases or reductions were slightly greater with T. harzianum than those with T. viride. It is, therefore, concluded from the present evaluation that the indigenous isolat...
Yan Li1, Kai Zhan1,*, Junying Li1, Wei Liu1, Ruiyu Ma1, Shengnan Liu1, Haijun Cui1 and Xin Zhang2
... percentage of defective eggs was visibly decreased in group 3. Hatching experiment showed a considerable depression in egg fertility and hatchability of setting eggs in group 4. Egg quality analysis demonstrated the significant increases in shell thickness among declawed treatments and yolk color in group 2. Overall feather score of layer breeders was not a significant difference, but the neck region had the lowest feather ...
Syed Muhammad Hassan Raza1*, Syed Amer Mahmood1, Veraldo Liesenberg2 and Syed Shehzad Hassan1
...emale YSB to lay 100-143 eggs on April 03, that increased up to 96% to lay 148-176 eggs on April 19, due to increase in temperature. On May 05, about 5377 km2 area was found in egg hatching phase, on May 21, 1514 km2 area was found in larva evolution phase and on June 22, 1725 km2 area was found in pupa evolution phase. The results proved that satellite technology is an efficient and cost-effective tool to demarcate the vuln...
Manzoor Hussain*, Miloslav Zouhar and Pavel Ryšánek
...t galls, egg masses, and eggs per root system, the root weight, the final population of the second stage juveniles, and the reproduction rate were detected at the highest levels in untreated soil, whereas low numbers were encountered in soils initially treated with the fungus, L. muscarium. Meloidogyne incognita and other plant parasitic nematodes multiplied significantly more in untreated soil than in treated soil, which clearly indicated that L. mu...
Shoukat Ara1, Sheikh Adil2,*and Manzoor Ahmad Khan3
...s in the total number of eggs laid, % hen-day-egg production, various external and internal egg parameters under different treatments were statistically non-significant (p>0.05). In conclusion, Azolla is beneficial at lower levels in improving the performance of grower chicken but had no effect on the number of eggs laid. Further, Azolla inclusion in the diet showed an improvement in the shell quality of
Li Lv1, Liuan Li1,*, Ruibo Zhang1, Zhichao Deng1, Tianming Jin1 and Gaimei Du2
Inzimamul Haq1*, Shahid Sattar1, Bashir Ahmed1, Qamar Zeb2 and Amjad Usman3
....0 %) parasitism of host eggs by T. chilonis was recorded in T. chilonis alone released plots followed by neem extract of (69.33 %) parasitism, imidacloprid with (65.33 %) parasitism, while significantly lower (30.66 %) parasitism was recorded in chlorpyrifos treated plots. We conclude from this experiment that for the management of C. partellus, Imidacloprid is recommended as it exhibited high level of selectivity for T. chilonis parasitization capacity. Howe...
Mohsin Iqbal1, Farid Asif Shaheen1*, Farah Naz2, Muhammad Usman Raja2, Muhammad Fiaz3 and Muhammad Nadeem1
...hemicals. Less number of eggs (2 per grain), more number of holes (8.3 per grain), less number of F1 adults (20.3 per jar) and more number of days (7) to 100% mortality of C. chinensis adults were recorded when chickpea grains were treated with the highest concentration of B. bassiana as compared to that of M. anisopliae. These non-chemical control strategies will have significant contribution towards development of commercial formulations of bio-pesticides to...
Saleh S. Alhewairini
...pmental stages including eggs of O. afrasiaticus. Oxamyl was found to be very effective in controlling the adult of O. afrasiaticus with a little effect on its eggs under laboratory conditions. The mortality percentages of O. afrasiaticus were 61.79, 73.58 and 82.90%; 62.87, 73.77 and 83.32%; 71.70, 82.23 and 92.37% after one week of exposure to the quarter recommended dose (QRD), half recommended dose (...
Tariq Mahmood1,*, Ijaz Ahmad1, Faraz Akrim1, Abdul Hamid1, Muhammad Waseem1, Abid Hussain1 and Muhammad Sajid Nadeem2
...ch size ranged from 8-20 eggs while the incubation period was found to be 22-24 days. Hatching success was up to 85% (range 75 to 85%) in different nests. The dense vegetation consisting of Dodonaea viscosa and Poa annua provided shelter, cover and abundant supply of insects to the chicks. The study concludes that the breeding season of Chukor partridge in Dir Lower starts from February and lasts up to July, with successful nesting, egg laying an...
Bushra Siyal1, Sanjota Nirmal Das1, Rafia Rehana Ghazi2, Aly Khan3
Heterotestophyes gibsoni sp.n. (Trematoda: Heterophyidae) from the bird little tern (Sternula albifrons) in Sindh, Pakistan
...d body above the testes, eggs are oval shaped and double walled....
Muhammad S. Waqas, Ali A.Z. Shoaib, Xinlai Cheng, Qianqian Zhang, Asem S.S. Elabasy and Zu-hua Shi*
...le they neither produced eggs nor gave birth any crawlers in the ovisacs. Unmated females lived for longer durations than the mated ones. Sexual reproduction with short lived males may imply potential for control practices that target males; for example, application of sex pheromone for trapping and killing male, or spraying of chemicals during the time of male activity, may be an effective practice for the management of this pest.
...
Mirza Imran Shahzad1, Hina Ashraf2,*, Muhammad Arshad3, Sabeeha Parveen4, Amna Aslam4, Nargis Naz4, Zahid Kamran1, Sumbul Gohar Khalid5, Sajid Hameed1, Muhammad Ashfaq6 and Muhammad Mukhtar7
... old chicken embryonated eggs. The viral loads were determined through heamagglutination (HA) test. The methanolic extract of each plant was found effective against NDV but in varying order. The active extracts were further used in different concentrations and IC50 of each extract was calculated. The extract of Achyranthes aspera was found most effective with IC50 3.125μg and the extract of Oxystelma esculentum, was found...
Ajmal Khan Kassi1,*, Humayun Javed1 and Tariq Mukhtar2
...duced significantly more eggs and larvae on comparatively susceptible cultivars as compared to comparatively resistant ones. As comparatively resistant okra varieties viz. Bhindi Punjab Selection, Arka Anamika and Bhindi Sabazpari suffered less damage and yielded more and are therefore, recommended for cultivation to avoid damage by Helicoverpa armigera.
...
Azam Ali* and Amjad Farooq
...an. During 2014 to 2016, eggs count and adult population of five different sucking pests (dusky bugs, jassid, thrips, white flies and mites) were recorded from sowing to harvesting seasons. Predators (Chrysoperla, Geocoris and Argiope) population was also observed. Percentage of host plant susceptibility index (HPSI) for each cotton variety was also calculated. One way ANOVA was used to analyzed the data statistically. Variety and year had...
Fakhra Soomro1,*, Riffat Sultana2 and Muhammad Saeed Wagan2
... generation of diapauses eggs of S. savignyi hatched in winter. A comparative key for immature stages of both species was constructed. Almost all immature stages occupied similar habitats as that of adults and their appropriate stages were differentiated through combination of characters i.e. coloration, morphometry, pronotum, femur bands, wing pad position and appearance of bands.
...
Kubra Siddique*, Ghaffar Ali, Irfan Ullah, Atta Ullah Shah and Muhammad Fayaz
Wali Khan1,*, Mudassar Iqbal2 and Israr Khan2
Lichao Feng1,2, Shaoqing Zhang4, Dianyuan Chen2, Sina Adl3 and Donghui Wu1,4*
.... The greatest number of eggs were deposited by mated couples when the pollen, or nectar mixture was offered compared to the other foods. Each of the five food sources provided a high hatching rate, but particularly the pollen, nectar and potato. Maize seedlings were a better food for larvae than were grass roots, and larvae also consumed more maize in the field. Wild flowers were the most important factor which determined the abundance of A. fuscicollis
Mohsan Iqbal1, Farid Asif Shaheen1, Rashid Mahmood2,*, Muhammad Khalid Rafique2, Imran Bodlah1, Farah Naz3 and Muhammad Usman Raja3
...M. The minimum number of eggs (0.66 grain-1), number of holes (1 grain-1), number of F1 new emerged (5.6 jar-1), days to 100 percent mortality F1 (3), weight loss (4%), damage (5%) whereas the maximum inhibition rate of 85% and percent mortality of C. chinensis were observed in synergistic concentration of EPB as compared toEPF. Synergistic concentration (1×108) of bacteria g...
Jie Zhang1,2,*, Baradi Waryani3,4 and Qihai Zhou2,*
...of salangids, fertilized eggs from native or introduced populations of icefish were frequently introduced to various types of water throughout China mainland except for Tibet Plantae. The genetic diversity and molecular invasive mechanism are urgently needed for both native and invasive populations. Present investigation details 12 polymorphic microsatellite loci and 12 to 26 alleles per locus denoted. Whereas, d expected and observed heterozygosity values ran...
Khansa Nazir1,*, Tariq Mukhtar1 and Humayun Javed2
...>M. incognita eggs was recorded at a concentration of 100 mg/ml of nanoparticles followed by 75 mg/ml of AgNP. The minimum inhibition was recorded with 25 mg/ml of AgNP. It was found that with the an increase in concentration, there was a corresponding increase in hatching inhibition showing direct relationship between hatching inhibition and concentrations of the nanoparticles. Similarly, the maximum hatching inhibitions were recorded after 6t...
Mujahid Niaz Akhtar* and Amjad Farooq
Comparison of Yolk Fatty Acids in Market Available Black-bone Chicken Eggs and Ordinary Chicken Eggs
Suhu Duan, Liuan Li*, Zaiqiang Li, Mengran Qin, Zhenzhen Fan, Keyan Zhang, Qian Wang, Zhongmou Zhang, Bailiang Yang
...ailable ordinary chicken eggs and Brand A and Brand B black-bone chicken eggs, thus providing theoretical and practical references for selective consumption of chicken eggs. The results have shown that a total of 18 types of fatty acids are detected in 3 types of chicken egg yolk, including 6 types of saturated fatty acids (SFA), 12 types of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA), 6 types of monoun...
Asad Abdullah, Muhammad Irfan Ullah*, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza, Muhammad Arshad and Muhammad Afzal
...tificial diet. Number of eggs oviposited were highest on cabbage (2455.5 eggs) followed by alfalfa (1750.0 eggs) and lowest on maize (1055.6 eggs). More egg batches were found on alfalfa and sesbania. All of the biological parameters of S. litura included in the study were affected by the host plants.
...
Muhammad Tariq Adnan Khan*, Tariq Mukhtar and Muhammad Saeed
...s, egg masses, number of eggs per egg mass and reproductive factor. Maximum galls, egg masses, eggs per egg mass and reproductive factors were observed on Round Black followed by Global Brinjal PPL and the minimum were recorded on cultivar Brinjal Jamak. Similarly, significant effects of M. javanica were observed on growth parameters of these cultivars. The reductions in moderately resistant cultivar were significantl...
Muhammad Ishaque Mastoi1*, Ibtasam Riaz2, Syed Muneeb Haider2, Arfan Ahmed Gilal3, Anjum Shehzad4, Ahmed Zia4 and Abdul Rauf Bhatti4
...inella septempunctata on eggs and nymphs of P. minor. Results confirmed that both species of coccinellid showed feeding potential against eggs and nymphs of P. minor. Comparatively, M. sexmaculata showed higher feeding than C. septempunctata on various immature stages of M. minor. Moreover, both the species showed relatively more preference on eggs of P. minor than nymphs. Therefore, both ...
Mubasshir Sohail1,2,*, Raza Muhammad1 and Qadeer Ahmed Soomro1
...ea was provided with eggs of Sitotroga cerealella. Bervicornye brassicae was performed well than A. nerii but was found least successful as compared to eggs of S. cerealella. Both aphid species were significantly good in performance when fed to C. carnea larvae with S. cerealella eggs than their solo effect. Results depicted that mortality fact...
Riaz Shah1* and Margaret Appleby2
... laid significantly more eggs on the garlic/chilli treated leaf discs in both contact and residual bioassays. When sprayed directly (contact bioassay), all of tested low-risk pesticides mortality of 85.2-100% to P. persimilis except DE. All of tested low-risk pesticides were moderately harmful to N. fallacis and S. punctillum causing 30.5-83.6% and 34.6-78.6% mortality, respectively. All of the tested low-risk pesticides were harmless to s...
Beenish Zahid*1,2,7, Javed Iqbal Qazi2, Amir Zohaib2, Asim Aslam3, Raheela Akhter3, Haleema Sadia4, Qurat ul Ain5, Razia Sultana6, Irfan Irshad3 and Sobia Alyas7
...samples into embryonated eggs of 9-11 days. Isolated virus was confirmed through haemagglutination and haemagglutination inhibition test. Virus isolation rate of NDV from cloacal swab was 12% (6/50) and from oropharygeal swab was 8% (4/50). The 238-bp region of F gene of NDV was amplified by using specific primers of reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Out of 50 field samples 11 cloacal swabs (34%), were positive and out of 50, nine oroph...
Riaz Hussain Pasha1*, Muhammad Zubair Anjum2, Imran Ullah2, Muhammad Akram Khan3, Adnan Ali4, Saif-Ur-Rehman5, Sana Batool2 and Arslan Emmanuel2
... packed with fully grown eggs are the distinct features of this phase. The highest values of Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) for male and female in summer coincided with the histological structure of the gonads where they are in their spawning phase. Present study revealed that C. garua breed once in a year during summer season and this information will be helpful in culturing of this economically important catfish in Pakistan. ...
Waseem Abbas1, Shakeel-ur-Rehman2, Abdul Rashid2, Muhammad Kamran3, Muhammad Atiq2 and Muhammad Ehetisham ul Haq3*
... % concentration against eggs hatchability and adult emergence of the whitefly in lab condition. Two consecutive sprays were applied to assess the relative impact of different plant extracts against adult whitefly population and the disease incidence of cotton leaf curl virus disease in filed conditions. Azadirachta indica was found most effective to inhibit the egg hatchability and adult emergence as compared to other plant extracts applied in lab conditions....
Hu Liu1,2, Qifang Yu1,2, Xiaopeng Tang1,2, Chengkun Fang1,2, Sijia Chen1,2 and Rejun Fang1,2,*
...elenium concentration in eggs and serum antioxidant capacity in laying hens. Seven-hundred and twenty 21-week-old healthy Roman laying hens with a similar laying rate were randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates of 24 hens. The experiment was designed by 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with two sources of Se and two levels of Se. The hens in control group were fed a basal diet without adding exogenous selenium source, and the hens in other four grou...
Erum Yawar Iqbal1*, Ashfaque Ahmed Nahiyoon1, Shahnaz Dawar2 and Shahina Fayyaz1
...ity [(65.00±3.00) eggs/gravid female] in green house condition after 5 days of treatment. Crude cell extract of all bacterialfractions were found to be least effective as compared to cell-free supernatant, bacterial suspension and methanol extract suggesting that EPB has the potential to release its metabolites with insecticidal mode of actions in the surrounding culture media. New species proficiency was evaluated in comparison with other indigenous is...
Su-Hu Duan, Liu-An Li*, Zai-Qiang Li, Meng-Ran Qin, Zhen-Zhen Fan, Qian Wang, Ke-Yan Zhang, Zhong-Mou Zhang, Bai-Liang Yang and Tian-Ming Jin
...acid content of ordinary eggs and native eggs of brands A, B and C. The results indicate that: In the test samples, totally 7 types of SFA, 7 types of MUFA, and 8 types of PUFA were detected. Specifically, no significant difference was found in the content of C14:0~C18:0 (P>0.05). The content of C16:0 in the yolk of both native eggs and ordinary eggs
Abdüssamet Aydın1 and Ş. Canan Bölükbaşı2*
...th. TBARS was reduced in eggs stored during 42 days (P<0.05). In conclusion, pennyroyal extract ameliorated performance and lipid oxidation of eggs.
...
Jun Yan Bai1*, Xiao Ping Jia2, Xiao Hong Wu1, Guang Lu Li1, Heng Cao1, Xue Yan Fu1 and Kun Peng Shi1
...shlike smell of milk and eggs. In this study, polymorphism of FMO3 genes in Beijing white quail, China yellow quail and Korean quail was tested by PCR technology and hybrid DNA pool sequencing technology. Results can provide references for further exploring the action mechanism of FMO3 on fishlike smell of quail eggs. Research results show that, One SNPs mutation site (A66G) was detected from the exon 2 of FMO3, the A allele...
Tasbihullah1, Sadeeq ur Rahman2,*, Tariq Ali3 , Umer Saddique1, Shakoor Ahmad1, Muhammad Shafiq4, Sultan Ayaz2, Hamayun Khan1, Ijaz Ahmad1 Asadullah2, Raheela Taj5, Hafiz Nidaullah6 and Alamgir Khan7
...richia coli in table eggs and human with history of close association with table eggs. For this purpose, a total of 200 table eggs and 50 stool samples from human were analyzed. Results showed that out of 80 E. coli isolates recovered from eggs, 20 (25%) were found to be ESBL-producers, while, of the 17 human-isolates, 4 (23.5%) were ESBL prod...
Weigeng Wen1,2,3, Xu Chen1,2,3, Wang Zhao1,2,3, Qibin Yang1,2,3, Jian G. Qin4 and Zhenhua Ma1,2,3,*
...d produce 120000-1250000 eggs which hatched into 80,000-950,000 nauplii. The egg hatching rate at each spawning varied from 27.4% to 86.3% without particular patterns of correlation with female body weight. The fecundity of pond-reared female P. monodon varied from 2 100 to 9 400 eggs per gram of bodyweight, and females with medium size of 85-120 g showed greater fecundity (around 9000 eggs
Sumaira Akram1, Sajid Aleem Khan1*, Nazir Javed1 and Saeed Ahmad2
...n the basis of number of eggs on the most susceptible wheat variety cv. ‘Aus -7-58-0850’. In protective effect the highest number of eggs were recorded in rugby treatment. Chemicals were found to be more effective than plant extracts and biocontrol agents. Among biocontrol agents TH produced lowest number of eggs. In curative effect of plant extracts the highest number of
Riffat Sultana1, Nuzhat Soomro1,*, Santosh Kumar2, Ahmed Ali Samejo1 and Samiullah Soomro1
.... Beside this, number of eggs in each egg pod, distribution pattern and weight, length and width of eggs in the pods were also noted. Eggs pods of Oxya species were cylindrically elongated, large, slightly bent in the middle and rounded at ends while egg pods of Oxyina bidentata are bean shaped. The weight, width and length of freshly laid egg pods of Oxya species was4...
Aouicha Djebroune1*, Aissa Mokabli1, Miloud Hammache2 and Gahdab Chakali2
...nal population of cysts, eggs and juveniles / kilogram of soil increased significantly in the variety Desiree compared to the initial population. A significant decrease was noticed in the variety Kondor. However, the variety Spunta did not show significance between the final and initial nematodes population. The effect of these nematodes on the tuber yield of various potato varieties was also studied. Variety Kondor produced the best yield while Desiree gave t...
Muhammad Ramzan, Unsar Naeem-Ullah*, Mahreen Hanif, Muhammad Nadeem, Mirza Abdul Qayyum, Muhammad Javaid
...hat incubation period of eggs varies from 3.2-4.3 hours. There are four larval instars of Plutella xylostella. The first, second, third and fourth instar larva survived for 3-5,3,1-4 and 2-3 days respectively while pupal and prepupal period lasted for 5-3 days, respectively. Adults lived for 4 to 5 days and life period under laboratory condition varies from 13 to 23 days. ...
Muhammad Sarmad, Syed Muhammad Zaka* and Syed Muhammad Tahir Abbas Shah
...ecundity (mean number of eggs) was significantly highestin case of G. hirsutum (16.33±0.88)as compared to A. esculentus (11.67±0.67) and H. annuus (6.67±0.33). Biology and bionomic study on different hosts will help the researchers make IPM strategies.
...
Muhammad Rafay1,*, Ghafoor Ahmad1, Tahira Ruby2, Muhammad Abdullah3, Fahad Rasheed4, Muhammad Abid1, Sohail Akhtar5, Zulfiqar Ahmad6 and Riaz Hussain7
...average clutch size of 4 eggs. Average peripheral and core diameter, depth of nest was 13, 9 and 7 cm, respectively. Breeding completed in 36 days including incubation, nestling, post nestling and fledgling stages of 13, 5, 4, and 14 days, respectively. Overall predation during these stages was 57%. Adults consumed grains, insects, termites and flies during morning and evening frequently while providing insects, flies and larvae to their young ones. Highly sen...
Bilal Saeed Khan1*, Muhammad Afzal2, Muhammad Asif Qayyoum1, Imran Ali3 and Abdul Ghaffar3
...ous mites, lepidopterous eggs and bodies of small soft insects. A random survey was conducted to explore the predatory mite fauna from Punjab, Pakistan. The holotype female (male unknown) of the new mite species Pseudostigmaeus sorghumus sp. nov was collected from city Dera Ghazi Khan on Sorghum bicolor (L.) and described. Fifteen paratypes were also collected from same collection data and seven were from Muzaffargarh. ...
U. A. Al-Karim, A. A. Alshimaysawe, A. E. Mohammed† , W. A. R. Aljaafri and F. A. Al-Fadhal
Evaluation of biological seed treatments for management of Rotylenchulus reniformis on cotton
...numbers of R. reniformis eggs significantly. Seeds treated with Abamectin and bacteria had fewer vermiform adults in the soil in comparison with the non-treated seeds. The bacteria and Burkholderia spp., seeds treatments drastically suppressed the number of eggs isolated from cotton roots compared with the non-treated control. Abamectin also inhibited the number of vermiform life-stages found in the soil as compared to the n...
H. Soofi†1 , N. A. Birmani1 , A. M. Dharejo1 , A. R. Abbasi2 , G. S. Ghachal1
Description of new nematode species Rhabdochona (Rhabdochona) sindhicus of genus Rhabdochona (Railliet, 1916) from Indus River Pakistan
... end in male and female, eggs shape and boundary. Due to morphometric differences between present and previously described species of Rhabdochona the Rhabdochona sindhicus n. sp. proposed....
K. Abbasi 1 , R. Wick2† and D. Zafari1
Chitinase activity of biocontrol fungi cultured from the golden potato cyst nematode, Globodera rostochiensis
...arasitized juveniles and eggs in water-agar. Greenhouse trials showed T. atroviridae and B. bassiana had the highest dry root weight and tuber yield....
Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel1, Muhammad Anjum Aqueel2, Ejaz Ashraf3*, Asad Ali4 and Arooba Rubab5
Effect of Insecticides on the Longevity of Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
...ng stages in honey bees; eggs presence (less number of eggs) df=3, F=8.97, P=<.001, egg hatching (less number of eggs hatched) df=3, f=11.94, p <.001, day to pupation (F=3, df = 5.611, p< 0.001) and less adult emergence rates in the selected cell. The cyhalothrin was also found statistically significant and affecting the honey bees at egg hatching (decreased egg hatching as compar...
Md. Aminul Islam1*, A.N.M. Aminoor Rahman2, Mohammad Shah Alam3 and Md. Taimur Islam4
Gastrointestinal Nematodiasis in Quail in Bangladesh
...esence of characteristic eggs in the feces. Five types of nematode eggs found on different farms. The overall prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodiasis were (17.5%), which could consider relatively higher. The highest rate of infection found for Heterakis gallinarum (7%) and the lowest rate of infection found for Trichuris spp. (1.5%). A significant difference in nematodiasis in different farms has not observed (p > 0.0...
Paul Oludare Adetunji* and Safiriyu Idowu Ola
Comparative Productive Performance among three Plumage Varieties of Noiler Hens
...feed efficiency-FE/dozen eggs and persistency of lay) from 19-52 weeks of age. Additionally, sexual ornaments’ morphometry (Comb Length-CL, Comb Height-CH, Wattle Length-WL, Wattle Height-WH and Inter Pubic Distance-IPD) was determined from 16-24 weeks of age. Data on puberty and egg production performance indices were subjected to Analysis of Covariance with body weight at puberty as a covariate, while morphometry measurements were subjected to Spearman...
Shazia Rasheed1*, Javed Mustaquim2 and Khalil Hasni1
...y. The minimum number of eggs was 1, 72, 963 in a crab of 84 mm short carapace width whereas maximum number of eggs was found to be 11, 27,796 in a crab of 135 mm short carapace width. The average fecundity was 523773 ± 279204 (S.D) for a berried crab with a mean short carapace width of 98.53± 18.05 mm.
...
Yonghua Liu*, Xianhua Li, Xiongfei Yan and Gang Li
...). The average number of eggs produced was highest on apricot (175.58 eggs) and plum (178.43 eggs). Life table parameter results showed that the net reproductive rate, intrinsic growth rate, and finite growth rate were highest on apricot (101.75, 0.0892, and 1.0933, respectively) and plum (97.75, 0.0832, and 1.0867, respectively). Mean generation time was the longest on apple (58.41 d) and...
Arnab Tanveer, Shabana Naz*, Azhar Rafique and Asma Ashraf
Maria Syafiqah Ghazali1, Azlan Che’ Amat2 and Nor Azlina Abdul Aziz1*
...re examined for parasite eggs, larvae, and oocysts by simple faecal floatation and formalin – ether sedimentation technique. All large felines in the zoo were infected with gastrointestinal parasites. A total of six species of gastrointestinal parasites were recovered including four nematodes (Toxocara cati, Ancylostoma spp., Toxascaris leonina, and Oxyuris sp.), a cestode (Spirometra sp.), and a protozoan (Isospora<...
Sabina Noor1*, Fatimah Abang1 and Hamady Dieng2
Biology of an Exotic Butterfly Acraea terpsicore (Linnaeus, 1758) (Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae), in a Newly Invaded Region, Sarawak, Borneo
...ort varied from 30 to 85 eggs, whereas eggs were oriented on the underside marginal areas of host plant leaves. The developmental time of A. terpsicore to complete its life cycle took an average of 30 ± 3.01 days with a total of five larval instars. The ontogenesis of larvae was accomplished without any disruption of diapause. The female adults were ochreous orange in color with a wingspan of about 50-60 mm. The males...
Iram Liaqat1*, Tahir Hussain1,2, Aisha Waheed Qurashi3, Gulbeena Saleem2, Asia Bibi4, Muhammad Fiaz Qamar5,ShaukatAli1 and Ikram-ul-Haq6
...th rate and reduction in eggs production. Bacteria forms the complex structural colonies enclosed in a sticky matrix known as biofilm. Various antimicrobial approaches used to treat gastrointestinal infections are usually ineffective due to biofilm formation. The purpose of this study was to (1) compare biofilm formation of three S. Gallinarum strains isolated from commercial broiler chicken by three different methods i.e., congo red, test tube a...
Laura Alejandra Arriola-Mosqueda1, Yadira Jiménez-Lara2, Eugenia del Carmen Prieto-Avella1, Carlos Ricardo Cruz-Vazquez3, Roberto Montesinos-Matias4, Mauricio Valencia-Posadas2, Ana Martha Cruz-Avalos5, Jaime Molina-Ochoa6,7 and César Andrés Angel-Sahagún2,*
...um anisopliae on the eggs and larvae of Rhipicephalus sanguineus, as well as the LC50 on R. sanguineus larvae, were determined and the germination (at 18 and 24 h post-inoculation) and radial growth (after 14 days) of four strains of M. anisopliae. We evaluated the pathogenicity on the eggs and larvae of all tested strains of R. sanguineus at day 3 and 7. The LC50 of four...
Rahmat Ullah Khan, Asif Sadam and Sajid Mahmood*
...include illegal hunting, eggs collection from their nests, nest destruction, predators, fire, habitats loss, overgrazing, disease and harsh environmental conditions. Awareness campaigns and enforcement of legislation are recommended to save the population of chakor.
...
Ahmad Ur Rahman Saljoqi, Muhammad Salim* and Iftikhar Ahmad
...rysoperla carnea @ 3 eggs plant-1,were applied three times. A total of 30 plants in each treatment were selected randomly for the data collection at 1, 2, 3, 6, 9 and 12 days intervals. Peak population of thrips (51.27 plant-1) was noticed during the last week of April. Results regarding different treatments showed that Emamectin was effective exhibiting minimum mean number of T. tabaci (nymphs 1.74 plant-1 and adult...
Saad A. Moussa1, Mohammed Ahmed Mahmoud Abdullah2*, Mahmoud Saied1, Mustafa Saleh1, Mohamed A. Soliman2 and Ali Mahmoud Zanaty2
...es of inoculated SPF ECE eggs, harvested allantoic fluids showed haemagglutination activity by using 1% RBCs and also haemagglutination inhibition in case of using NDV reference antiserum, As well as realtime polymerase chain reaction by using standardized NDV specific primers and finally eight viruses were selected for further sequencing for the partial fusion protein, The eight NDVs isolates of velogenic genotype VII and contain the unique cleavage site moti...
Jun Yan Bai*, Zhi Hao Dong, Yu Chen, Jing Yun Li, Ying Lei, You Bing Yang, Kun Peng Shi and Xue Yan Fu
... Korean quail, number of eggs, total egg weight and laying rate begin to soar up with the increase of age from the 8th week to 12th week. Such growth rate declines gradually with the increase of age from the 12th week to the 15th week. The best regression equation for the number of eggs of Beijing white quail, Korean quail and Chinese yellow quail to week-age were: Y=-12.153+1.850X...
Celalettin Gözüaçık1, Ecevit Eyduran2 and Mohammad Masood Tariq3*
...ive to predict height of eggs laid by the alfalfa weevil at the plant stem from plant height, number of eggs per cluster, number of egg clusters at the plant stem, and location as potential predictors. In the prediction of height of eggs, CHAID (Chi-square Automatic Interaction Detection) and MARS (Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines) algorithms were implemented for describing egg lay...
Md. Alal Hossen1, Mohammad Amzad Hossain1*, A.K.M. Munzurul Hasan1,2, Bipresh Das1, Sohel Mian1, Mohammed Mahbub Iqbal1
...les did not ovulate. The eggs of M. gulio was firmly adhesive and immediately after spawning the average diameter of fertilized eggs were 0.48±0.01 mm. After fertilization, the first cleavage stage of M. gulio occurred within 40 min. The distinctiveness of blastomeres was progressively dropped and morula, blastula, and gastrula stages were found at 3:40 h, 4:20 h and 5:00 h, respectively after fertilization. The larva...
Xuhai Wang1,2, Xin Li1, Fangyuan Yuan1, Chaocheng Li1, Bin Jia1* and Song Jiang1*
...ith E. granulosus eggs. The results demonstrated that miR-216b negatively regulated IL2RB in the cystic echinococcosis intestinal tissues, and they were differentially expressed in the intestine tissue between the resistant sheep and non-resistant sheep, more widely distributed in the resistant group. These results illustrated that miR-216b and IL2RB activated stronger immune response in the resistant sheep, compared with the non-resistant sheep, and pa...
NawalM. Abdulla1, M. Haroun1*,Mohamed A. Shalaby2and Ahmed A. Elsanousi2
...PF) embryonating chicken eggs
(ECE),haemagglutination (HA), haemagglutination inhibition (HI) and mean death time
(MDT)used in the investigation to reveal virus identity and pathogenicity. Both NDV
isolates were found to be velogenic strains. Real time reverse transcriptase polymerase
chain reaction (rRT-PCR) used as a confirmatory technique, successfully amplified and
detected cDNA fragments correspo...
El-Habbaa, A.S.
...n on embryonated chicken eggs (ECE), antigen detection using agar gel
immune-diffusion test (AGIDT) and indirect-Immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and
molecular detection of viral DNA using PCR. Positive results were showed in 36 of
samples (28/30 of sheep samples and 8/10 of goat samples)upon isolation on ECE by the
3rd passage and 22 of samples (17/28 of sheep isolates and 5/8 of goat isolates) using
A...
Yasser F. Elnaker 1, Mohamed El-Tholoth 2, Sahar Saber 3, Amira A- Elsaid4, Mohamed A. Saad 3, Emad E. Younis 5
...n in embryonated chicken eggs for three passages followed by ten successive passages in Madin Darby Bovine Kidney (MDBK) and identification of isolated virus was done by indirect immunofluorescence test. The serum antibody titers were determined by serum neutralization test (SNT) and Enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) in calves and also their dams. The results confirmed infection of calves with lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) and showed that calves olde...
Hanaa A. Ahmed1 and Eman M. AboHatab2
...) of embryonated chicken eggs (ECE) SPF at 9-11 day and Madin Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cell culture. Identification of virus by indirect immuno fluorescent antibody technique (IFA) which was considered a rapid and accurate method for LSD antigen detection. nodules were subjected directly to PCR and Real time PCR for rapid and specific detection of LSDV, sixteen out of the twenty one nodular samples were confirmed positive by molecular methods. Eleven out of ...
Safaa M. Mohammed*, Shahira A. Abdelwahab**,Fetaih,H⃰ ⃰ ,Neveen,R⃰ ,Abdel satar ,A⃰ and Mohamed S. Elshahidy**
...M of embryonated chicken eggs and identified by agar gel precipitation test and polymerase chain reaction .Two main types of TKPV infection were observed in examined flocks ,cutaneous and diphtheritic forms. Morbidity rate ranged from 5-15%with no mortalities .75% of examined serum reacted positive to TKPV .All TKPV isolates were amplified using specific P4b primers and visualized by gel electrophoresis at 578bp....
Lamya A. F. Ateya1, Said A. Ahmed 2, Mansour H. Ayman3, Khamees K. Ashraf 4, Heba A. Abdel-Hady 5
...) of embryonated chicken eggs SPF at 9-11 day which showed pock lesions and CPE on MDBK cell culture. Isolated virus was identified by indirect fluorescent antibody technique (IFAT) using specific hyper immune serum against Lumpy Skin Disease Virus. Further identifications were carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: 15 samples were +ve for LSDV by conventional PCR.The results showed that 11/23 biopsies were positive by IFAT. Molecular identif...
Ayman S. El-Habbaa 1, Gabr F. El-Bagoury1, Samar F. El-Adaway2, and Susan S. El-Mahdy2
...s on embryonated chicken eggs was detected by Hemagglutination (HA) test and identified using hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test. F protein encoding gene of NDV was amplified using Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) then subjected for nucleotide and amino acid sequence detection. Results: NDV Giza 2014 isolate and NDV Qualubiya 2014 were characterized as velogenic and lentogenic strains, respectively using Mean Death Time (MDT), Intrac...
Ahmed A. Azab, Wesam H. Mady, Ali Zanaty, Mahmoud Samir
...SPF) embryonated chicken eggs ECE), chicken embryo kidney
cell (CEK) and in Vero cell line and was confirmed for IBV detection by Reverse Transcriptase Real
time PCR (RRT-PCR) using IB specific primers. Comparison of different isolation methods was done
by generating a standard curve by real time PCR.
Results: The results revealed that the propagated virus in CEK showed the highest virus titer (5.952 x
Dina N. Abd-Elshafy
...lly meat and
eggs) or raw vegetables and drinking tap water.
Aim: To study potential antiviral effect of methanolic extract prepared from green tea on
HAV and explore supplementing drinking water in endemic areas for the virus with such an
extract to control infection.
Methods: Green tea powder was used for methanolic extraction. Cytotoxicity assay was
carried out according to Aquino (1989...
Maha M. Khedr1, Reem A. Suliman1, Marwa F. Mohamed1, Mounir D. El Safty1, Hussein A.
Hussein2
...ation
in SPF eggs.
Results: HI test revealed no significant difference between groups in the first 3 weeks post vaccination
and group 2 showed lower significant statistical difference. Results of the challenge trial revealed 0, 14,
80 % and 0, 14 and 86 % of protection in groups 1,2,3 and groups 4, 5, and 6; respectively. RT-PCR and
virus isolation revealed that all chicken groups vaccinated at 1 and ...
Shimaa M. Mansour, Reham M. ElBakrey, Ahmed Orabi, Haytham Ali, Amal A. Eid
...free embryonated chicken eggs (SPF-ECE). Additional
RT-PCR testing and re-isolation of ARV from ECEs of a breeder flock of a history of uneven growth
and/or arthritis revealed ARV infection in six (6/60) examined ECEs.
Conclusion: These results indicated the incrimination of ARV infection in some arthritis infections
beside the low food conversion rate of chickens within Sharkia Province, Egypt. Moreover, the
Hussein A. Hussein, Maha Khedr, Reem A. Suliman, Marwa F. Mohamed, Mounir D. El
Safty
...ed by virus isolation in eggs at 3 and 5 days post challenge; respectively. Whereas
swabs of 7 and 10 days post challenge of group 3 were negative by rRT-PCR and virus isolation. On the
other hand, group 6 (vaccinated with imported 500HAU vaccine) demonstrated shedding % at 3 and 5 days
post challenge by rRT-PCR and for virus isolation were positive in 60% for tracheal swabs 3 day post
challenge and no shedding a...
Akram I. Aboelkhair1, Ayman H. El-Deeb2, Momtaz A. Shahin1 and Hussein A. Hussein2
...e (CAM) 9-11 day old SPF eggs, then adaptation
on Madin-Derby bovine kidney cell line ( MDBK ); confirmation of LSD isolated virus was done by
using Electron microscopy (EM) on suspension of cell culture passage of the virus, Serological
identification was done by serum neutralization test ( SNT ) using reference antisera which confirm
presence of LSDV . By nucleotide sequences and genetic characterization was co...
Mohamed F. ElKersh1, Fatma M. Abdalla2, Gamilat K. Farg2, Soad A. Nasef3, Ahmed A. Ali2
...les were isolated on SPF eggs, detected for AIV infection Via HA, RT-PCR and gene sequencing. We analyzed the sequence on gene bank to compare it with the other AIV strains
Results: We found 35 and 55 samples showed positive result for H5 and H9 respectively. After sequencing and comparing with the other AIV strains we found that the isolated strains showed close similarity with the AIV strains that were present in Egypt from 2006 to 2008 (subclade...
Gulnaz Ismaylova
...en the females lay their eggs, it files the sprouts by the ovipositor and let them dry. Wintering is carried out in the egg phase. Nymphs begin to hatch from overwintered eggs in early May. The eggs of O. japonica were also photographed under a JCM-6000 electron microscope and given dimensions. It turned out that the surface of the egg has a peculiar microstructure (consists mainly of hexa...
Song Jiang1,2,3, Ming-ge Zhuang1,2,3, Fa-lin Zhou1,2, Qi-bin Yang1, Jian-hua Huang1, Li-shi Yang1 and Shi-gui Jiang1*
...ad weight increase rate, eggs amount, average spawning time and levels of VTG mRNA expression. The results showed that P. tschiliensis, as a closely related terrestrial species of N. succinea, had the best effect on maturation of parent shrimps. The highest gonad weight increase rate of 1845.28% and the largest consecutive spawning rate with average value of 70.66% were both in groups fed on P. tschiliensis, with no significant difference ...
Moheem Khan1, Arif Ali1*, Shafique Ahmed Memon1, Taimoor Khan Qambrani2, Ghulam Khaliq3, Jahanzaib Khan1, Saghir Ahmed1, Azmat Hussain Abro4 and Sohail Azeem Baloch1
...ortality was observed in eggs, larvae and pupal stage at all given timings of UV-B light compared with control. Incubation period of eggs, developmental period of larvae and pupae gradually increased as increasing exposure time of UV-B light. Statistically, no significant difference was observed between 5 minutes UV-light and control group on the incubation period of eggs and larval stages...
Arbab Zubair Ahmad1, Farman Ullah1, Hayat Badshah2, Muhammad Shehzad Khan1* and Bashir Ahmad1
...of T. chilonis raised on eggs from moths reared on cereals. The response of cereals to S. cerealella in no choice test revealed significantly greater adult emergence (18.9±12.6) and egg laying efficiency (82.2±6.8 eggs/female) with shortest developmental time (27.6±0.6 days) in wheat, while adult emergence (9.62±6.1) was less in maize grains. In choice test, significant effect of developmental tim...
Mona Kadry, Sara Mohamed Nader*, Esraa A. Elshafiee and Zeinab S. Ahmed
...hicken meat samples, 197 eggshells and 160 human stool specimens were included in this study. The presence of salmonellae spp. was examined using bacteriological isolation and serological identification. PCR amplification of the ESBL and carbapenemase-encoding genes was performed. The bacteriological examination of the samples showed that 6 Salmonella strains [S. Typhimurium (3), S. enteritidis (2) and S. Infantis (1)] were isolated from c...
Fahima Khatun1, Abdullah-Al-Maruf2, Md. Mizanur Rahman2, Afroja Yasmin1, Mohammad Ali Zinnah3, Md. Aminul Islam4 and Mohammad Shah Alam5*
...esence of characteristic eggs in the feces. This study was carried out with three age groups: calves (<1 year), young (1-3 years), and adult (>3 years) and three different consecutive seasons (winter, summer, and rainy) during the periods of January 2018 to December 2018. The highest incidence was found in infestation with Fasciola spp. (43.63%) followed by Toxocara spp. (35.75%) and Haemonchus spp. (7.87 %). The rainy season showed the highest degree of...
Suhu Duan, Zaiqiang Li, Zhenzhen Fan, Mengran Qin, Xiaoxue Yu* and Liuan Li*
...s chromatography with 24 eggs randomly selected from each group on the 10th, 25th and 40th day after start of the treatment. The results showed that on 10th, 25th and 40th day, the contents of α-linolenic acid (ALA, C18:3n3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6n3) were significantly increased in yolk of 6% and 15% seed group (P < 0.05). On 25th day, the contents of &ga...
Muhammad Zohaib1, Muhammad Sajjad Ansari1*, Bushra Allah Rakha2* and Ali Akhter2
...d 4 (2%). A total of 154 eggs were observed in 51 nests, from which 10% eggs were infertile, 19% were predated and other losses counted 4%. A total of 104 eggs under observation were hatched, from which 28% chicks were predated and 6% fell out from the nest. The fledgling success was the highest in parks (65%) compared to orchards (25%) and agricultural fields (10%). It is concluded that b...
Asma Hanif* and Shahnaz Dawar
...d by minimum hatching of eggs when used at 75 and 50% concentrations but in case of 200 and 30 (C) potency, only 100% concentration showed maximum effect after 72 and 96 hours followed by 75% concentration which had slight effect, whereas 50% concentration found to fail in killing the second stage of juveniles. Other homeopathic drugs used in the experiment showed no significant nematicidal effect against M. incognita. Kent-20 and Santonine-43 at three differe...
Khanitta Ruangwittayanusorn1, Doungnapa Promket1*, Kamonnate Pimrueng1, Jennarong Kammongkun2
...her EN360 and EM (189.82 eggs and 15.81 eggs) and the ones carrying the TC (180.98 eggs and 15.08 eggs) and the TT genotype (176.38 eggs and 14.69 eggs) was non-significant. The VIP polymorphism were associated on egg number at 270 days (EN270), EN360 and EM (P<0.01). The D...
Qurban Ali1, Muhammad Faheem Akhtar1, Asad Aslam1*, Muhammad Shehzad2, Muhammad Jamal2, Humaira Malik1, Imran Nadeem1, Aqsa Abbas1, Muhammad Jawad Saleem1, Tamsila Nazir1 and Kanwal Hanif1
...y counting the number of eggs per stem and antibioses was assessed by counting the number of infested leaves and survival rate of pest. The results revealed that H. armigera infestation started to appear during the second fortnight of February that continued to increase till the crop maturity. Lowest number of eggs (115) were recorded on K01308 while K09012 and K01242 were found to be most preferred for oviposition (261 and ...
Ghulam Abbas, Sultan Mahmood*, Ahsan ul Haq and Haq Nawaz
...d consumption, number of eggs produced, egg weight and egg mass laid by the birds were recorded. These data were used for the calculation of feed conversion ratios on the basis of per dozen eggs and per kg egg mass produced. Five eggs from each replicate were checked weekly for their shell thickness, yolk index, albumen index, haugh unit score, yolk pH, albumen pH, specific gravity and yol...
Sameh Abdel-Moez Ahmed Amer1*, Mohamed Abdel-Aziz Kutkat1, Mohamed Mahmoud Abdel-Baki1, Asmaa Mahmoud Maatouq1, Omnia Mohamed Kutkat2, Hagar Magdy Ahmed1, Khaled Mohamed El-Bayoumi1
...e in embryonated chicken eggs and further testing by haemagglutination test. Whereas, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using specific primers to amplify 1681 base pair (bp) of the whole NDV F-gene was carried out to confirm the presence of NDV and then sequenced. Our results demonstrated that, RT-PCR was successfully detecting 62 NDV samples. While, Sequencing and phylogenesis of six selected isolates revealed that, all isolates were vi...
Oce Astuti1, La Sara2*, Muzuni3 and Safilu4
...l years round to produce eggs, hatch and grow to be juveniles. Therefore, BSC population stocks in this waters are continuously sustained....
Muhammad Tahir Jan1, Sarfraz Ali Shad2, Mushtaq Ahmad Saleem3 and Muhammad Binyameen2,*
...tribution of E. vittella eggs within the cotton plant. Out of 240 plants inspected, E. vittella females laid 204 and 194 eggs on 40.9% and 36.9%of the plants in 2011 and 2012, respectively. Spearman Rank Correlation showed that a significant and positive relationship (association) existed between the number of infested plants or plant parts and number of eggs laid. In every week, an averag...
Ayman M. Khalifah1*, Walaa A. Kashyout1, Sara A. Abdalla2, Hassan S. Zeweil3, Soliman M. Zahran3, Tarek A. Ebeid4, Waleed M. Dosoky3
...red to birds fed BD. All eggshell and interior egg quality traits were not affected by Cr-Met supplementation. Cr-Met administration positively affected yolk total lipid and yolk total cholesterol compared to birds fed BD as their values were decreased. Also, Cr-Met addition improves the concentricity of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) and significantly suppresses the concentricity of saturated fatty acids (SFA) compared to birds fed BD. Likewise, dietary Cr-Met...
Imtiaz Ali Shah1*, Maleeha Anwar1, Rafiullah2, Inamullah Wazir1, Muhammad Hasnain Riaz1, Abdur Raziq1, Muhammad Ijaz Ali1, Faizul Hassan1, Khalid Khan3, Yasin Ahmad4, Irshad Ahmad5, Muhammad Ibrahim Rashid5, Muhammad Tariq Zeb1*
...n various parts of table eggs collected from various union councils of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. For this purpose, 200 egg samples were collected. The culturing of Salmonella from egg shell and their contents was carried out according to ISO guidelines for Salmonella isolation. A total of twenty-two (22) eggs were positive for Salmonella species. The antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed that Salmonella iso...
Ali Ghazi Atiyah1*, Nadia Hameed Rija Al-Falahi2 and Ghazi Atiya Zarraq3
...omaterials such as avian eggshell, which consider a natural source of calcium precursor. The β-CPP powder was prepared by a wet precipitation process using calcination temperature 1200 ºC for 2 h, then the scaffold was designed by using cylindrical template under specific compression pressure. Synthesis of β-CPP powder was characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and simulation bo...
Afsheen Noman Saddar1, Anila Naz Soomro2*, Sadaf Tabasum Qureshi1, Syeda Saleha Hassaney1 and Mukhtiar Ahmed Mahar2
...city assay. Brine shrimp eggs hatching was optimized by applying three temperature levels (25°C, 27°C and 29°C), three salinities (10 ppt, 30 ppt and 35 ppt), two food demands (0.8 g and 1.6 g) and two levels of shrimp egg (1 g/l and 1.5 g/l). Five concentrations (1200, 2500, 5000, 10000 and 15000 µg/ml) of aqueous extracts of five fertility enhancing plants were tested for 24 h incubation to check mortality of brine shrimp nauplii. Mean comp...
El-Kholy KH1, Tag El-Din H1, Tawfeek FA2, Sara HM Hassab1*
... to total and fertilized eggs, maximizing in groups treated with 5 and 7.5 ml SLAE/kg diet. There was a non-significant association between SLAE addition and all reproductive traits, however, SLAE at the dose of 7.5 and 5 ml /kg diet decreased numbers of unfertilized eggs compared to the control treatment, as well increased fertilized eggs, the counts of chicks produced, the percentages o...
Zulu Blantina Fangele, Tyasi Thobela Louis, Gunya Busisiwe*
...n terms of the number of eggs laid, most consumers prefer their flavoursome meat. Despite that, there has been a research gap in the genetic, physiological, and nutritional aspects of indigenous chickens of Africa over the past decade. The use of citric acid has higher economic potential owing to its numerous applications to chickens. This article critically reviews a detailed understanding of the description, advantages and limitations of using citric acid on...
Dharti Shahnawaz Thebo1*, Naeem Tariq Narejo2, Muhammad Hanif Chandio3, Faheem Saddar4, Shahnaz Rashid5, Asma Fatima5 and Ghulam Abbas5
...eight. High potential of eggs production i.e. (1020 eggs) was recorded for fish with 30.0cm length and 148.0 g weight. The low fecundity (300 eggs) was recorded for fish with15.5cm in length and 18.8g weight. Production potential (fecundity) and its association with other factors like total length of fish, weight of fish, length and weight of gonads were enumerated and the fecundity found ...
Evrim Sönmez
... the pest, the number of eggs it lays and the number of adults emerging from beans after the application are limited. In this study, the effects of different concentrations of Beauveria bassiana (Nostalgist BL®) on the mortality rates of A. obtectus adults, the number of eggs they lay and the number and percentages of adults emerging from bean seeds were evaluated with dipping and spraying method. It was found that as th...
El-Kholy, K.H.1*, Tag El-Din H.1, Seham N.E. Seleem1, A.M. El-Shhat2
...cubation of duck’s eggs could be a technique to boost hatchability and ducklings’ quality. The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of in-ovo dipping of SV on the hatchability%, embryonic mortality, and internal and external of newly hatched ducklings. A total of 1560 fertile eggs used in the current experiment were obtained from Sudani ducks flocks of 33 weeks of age. The
Ahmed Abdel-Rady1,2, Walaa Mostafa3*
...mine the presence of the eggs. Out of these, 104 animals were infected with strongyle eggs with (26%) prevalence. Sex, season, and age were the factors that affect the prevalence of trichostrongyle infection in this study. Data analysis reported that there was a significant effect for the season and sex on the trichostrongyle infection level; the highest nematode infection level was observed in the cold months (December-Apri...
Sutopo Sutopo, Dela Ayu Lestari, Edy Kurnianto, Asep Setiaji*
...ectively. A total of 901 eggs were collected during the period of 11 weeks. Egg weight (EWG) and body weight (BW) were weighed individually. BW recorded were BW0, BW15, BW30, BW45, and BW60. The average daily gain was counted as the amount of weight has gained during the growing period (ADG0-15, ADG15-30, ADG30-45, ADG45-60, and ADG0-60). A linear mixed model was used to analyze the effect of EWG, sex, and variety on BW and ADG. EWG had a significant effect on...
Rabia Bibi1, R. Muhammad Tariq2, Samir A.M. Abdelgaleil3 and Munawwer Rasheed1, 4*
...ignificantly reduced the eggs laying by C. maculatus counted after 96 h of treatment. More than 70% mortality was also obtained after 96 h exposure at a dose of 2.2 mg/cm2 with most of the seaweed extracts against S. oryzae and C. maculatus. While treatment with J. rubens and G. foliifera provided only low to moderate toxicity to both tested species....
Hosny Kesba1, Ashraf Suloma2, Samy Sayed3*, Abdullah Abdel-Rahman1 and Shaimaa Diab1
...soil. Also, the produced eggs were highly influenced by the STP source achieving half of the produced eggs in the ITB after 45 days of inoculation time. The plant growth was enhanced. The efficiency percentage (%) of STP in both soil types was more than ITB. The growth parameters of the plants (length and fresh and dry weights) in both soil types also significantly increased when compared with WW. The STB and ITB irrigation ...
Saeed Akram Khan1, Shahid Sherzada1*, Muhammad Ashraf1, Durr-e-Shehwar1, Sonia Iqbal1, Usman Atique1,3, Farzana Abbas1, Sohail Ahmad2 and Muhammad Sultan Haider4
...d the maximum release of eggs, fertilization and hatching rates at 29 ºC. The maximum number of eggs were observed in 26oC whereas the lowest were obtained in 34oC. 85020.48). However, the temperature exceeding 30ºC not only increased the cell growth but significantly decreased the hatching time. On the contrary, temperature exceeding 32ºC caused denaturation of all eggs and...
Aqsa Fayyaz1, Muhammad Kashif Zahoor1*, Asma Ashraf2, Muhammad Asif Zahoor3, Azhar Rasul2, Humara Naz Majeed4, Muhammad Zulhussnain1, Kanwal Ranian1, Bushra Riaz1, Nazia Khalil1 and Attaullah1
... old embryonated chicken eggs to propagate the NDV, which was then titrated using haemagglutination inhibition assay for quantification of NDV. Polyclonal antibodies were produced in experimental rabbits followed by titration. These antibodies were then used to detect the presence of NDV. Sixteen samples were found positive (20%), 62 negative (77.5 %) and two unreactive (2.5 %) for NDV. All of the poultry farms around Faisalabad showed positive NDV (ranging fr...
Thobela Louis Tyasi1*, Lebo Trudy Rashijane1, Kwena Mokoena1, Kagisho Madikadike Molabe1, Madumetja Cyril Mathapo1, Victoria Rankotsan Hlokoe1, Lebelo Joyceline Selala1, Masixole Maswana1 and Lubabalo Bila2
...m Koekoek layer genotype eggs (n = 200) were used. Pearson correlation and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for analysis. Correlation results indicated that egg weight had a statistical significant correlation (P < 0.05) with egg quality traits. Egg weight displayed a positive highly significant correlation with EL (0.82), AW (0.67) and SW (0.62), respectively. The findings suggest that EL, AW and SW might be used in selection to improve EW of Potchef...
El-Kholy KH1*, Tag El-Din H1, Seham NE Seleem1, Eman Hussein2 AM El-Shhat2
...n to Sudani duck’s eggs with different concentrations on body weight at hatch, hemato-biochemical changes and subsequent performance of newly-hatched ducklings. A total of 1560 fertile eggs used in the current experiment were obtained from Sudani ducks flocks of 33 weeks of age. The eggs were randomly distributed into of five different SV solution concentrates; the first (1st) group ...
Suhu Duan, Zaiqiang Li, Zhenzhen Fan, Mengran Qin, Xiaoxue Yu* and Liuan Li*
... of the formal trial, 36 eggs were randomly selected from each group, of which 12 were used to detect egg quality and 24 to detect monounsaturated fatty acids in eggs. The results showed that a certain proportion of linseed oil added to diet had no significant effect on egg weight, egg yolk weight, egg yolk color, egg yolk ratio, Haugh unit and egg white ratio (P > 0.05). On the 25th and 40th day, there were significant e...
Haroon1, Chen-Xu Ye1, Yu-Xin Li1, Hong-Xin Zhang1, Qing Liu1, Xiao-Hong Su1,2,3 and Lian-Xi Xing1,2,3,*
...g for young termites and eggs, constructing galleries, and helping the soldiers to defend the colony from predators, increases the efficiency of the effectiveness, protection from pathogens and parasites....
Mohamed Lebdah1, Sahar Abd El Rahman2*, Ahmed Attia3, Reham Karam2, Naglaa Fathy Saeed Awad1, Mohamed Ibrahim El Bagoury1
...free embryonated chicken eggs (SPF-ECEs). The dead embryos showed hemorrhages, congestion and dwarfism. The collected allantoic fluids were examined later by haemagglutination (HA) and haemagglutination inhibition (HAI) test. The allantoic fluids of 5 pooled samples expressed positive using specific Newcastle disease virus (NDV) antiserum. The NDV field isolates were confirmed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and partial sequencing t...
Ghulam Abbas1*, Muhammad Arshad1, Muhammad Saeed2*; Safdar Imran3, Ashgar Ali Kamboh4, Duraid KA Al-Taey5, Muhammad Asad Aslam1, Muhammad Saeed Imran6, Muhammad Ashraf3, Muhammad Asif7, Abdul Jabbar Tanveer8, Razia Abdul Majid Qureshi9, Maria Arshad1, Hussain Ahmed Khan Niazi1, Muhammad Tariq10, Sikandar Abbas1
... significantly increased eggshell thickness, eggshell weight, and calcium concentrations in bones and reduced ammonia concentrations in the caecum. Egg production was increased upto 9.84% by the supplementation of OA. Organic acids also have promising effect on gut health evidenced by positive effect on all the intestinal parameters. Moreover, they known to improve meat production in broilers by increasing the nutrients abso...
Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi
...was inoculated with 1000 eggs of M. incognita in the screenhouse, while 2500 eggs was introduced to the base of each tomato plant on the field. Significant (p<0.05) increase was noted in the vegetative growth of treated tomato plants. Fruit weight per plant and number of fruits per plant increased notably as opposed to the untreated tomato plants. Nematode population in root and soil of treated tomato plants also reduced ...
Arfan Ahmed Gilal1*, Lubna Bashir Rajput1, Muhammad Ibrahim Kubar1, Ghulam Murtaza Kaleri2, Tanzeela-ul-Zahra1,3, Muhammad Ishaque Mastoi4 and Zeeshan Rasheed1
...ised of 131, 112 and 105 eggs of similar age were used for both leaves and stems. The results indicated that maximum mortality of FAW in both maize stems and leaves were recorded in pupa and 1st larval instar, respectively whereas, maximum survival was recorded in 4th and 5th larval instars. Almost, similar male to female sex ratio was recorded in leaves and stems with higher female longevity in leaves than stems. No significant difference was recorded in appr...
Basel A. Abokhadra, Samah M. Mosad, Sahar Abd El Rahman*
Masudul Haq Wani and Arshad Bhat*
... and milk-product, meat, eggs and fish increases and expenditure on cereals, pulses and other primary products decreases. The expenditure on meat, egg, fish and fruits and vegetables as a percentage of total food expenditure has increased. With regard to male cultivators in part of Srinagar has shown a substantial decline from -1.59 during 1981-2001 to -9.01 during 2001-11. But for female cultivators, the growth rate has remained almost same. From the results ...
Ahmed Abd El-Salam1*, Yasser Hamouda1, Salah El-Safty2, Ahmed El-Attar2
...penses and human health, eggshell quality is critical. In the chicken industry, incubation is one of the most critical variables impacting profitability. As a result, the study’s goal is to see how egg-shell quality differs between strains. From the two egg type breeder strains, 240 hatched eggs (120 eggs per strain) were picked at random. The layer breeder flocks were tested at four...
Rahmat Ullah Khan1*, Asif Sadam2, Karim Gabol1, Waheed Ali Panhwar3, Sajid Mahmood4, Mustafa Kamal5, Hamid Ullah6, Syed Abidullah7, Muhammad Tufail8, Bashir Ahmad4, Gul Bacha Khan4 and Habib Ul Hassan1
...died systematically. The eggs were hatched out both from the middle point and blunt end. All the eggs were hatched asynchronously with closed eyes and a naked body. They opened their eyes on average after 3.27±0.4 days of hatching. Their wing and tail feathers grew on an average of 3.8±0.3 day of age. On the 8th day, their average morphometry (cm) was: body length 6.7±0.1, wingspan 4.8±0.1, tail f...
Muhammad Furqan and Zulfiqar Ali
...se was food. Stealing of eggs and chicks capturing was recorded from many sites. As per respondents, local community is also concerned about the conservation of this species. Development of more protected areas for conservation, awareness education, implementation of wildlife laws, patrolling of officials in the breeding season, and long-term monitoring plan can help in the conservation of kalij pheasant....
Ejaz Ur Rehman1, Shakeel Ahmad2, Fathul Bari3*, Tanveer Khan2, Naveed Ullah Khan2, Abdullah Khan4 and Romaan Hayat Khattak2
...th parents incubated the eggs which hatched after a duration of 15-18 days. Hatching success was 94% while survival of fledglings was 90% in the study area. The most dominant activities performed by the white-throated kingfisher was flying (33.3%) and resting (33.3%) followed by hunting (25.1%) and preening (8.3%). Flying and hunting activities are mostly concentrated in the early morning and evening times which correspond to the energy needs of the species an...
Sharon Zulfiqar1, Mubashar Hussain1*, Kiran Aftab1, Muhammad Faheem Malik1, Rizwan Khursheed2, Somia Liaqat1 and Maimoona Kanwal1
...lberry. The disease-free eggs of Chinese, Korean and Bulgarian races were obtained from Sericulture Research Laboratory, Lahore. The silkworm eggs were incubated at standard conditions. Larval rearing was maintained at standard rearing conditions of temperature (25 ± 1°C), Relative Humidity (75 ± 5 %), and photoperiod (12 light: 12 dark). The experiment was laid out in the Completely Randomized Design (CRD)...
Mohamed Saleh*, S.E. Laban, G.Z. Mostafa, S.T. Moubarak
...broiler breeder hatching eggs. In a closed broiler breeder farm where birds were housed on built-up litter, the two disinfectants were used for the disinfection of nest bedding (sawdust). Paraformaldehyde powder was mixed manually with nest bedding (5 grams per nest), while potassium peroxy- monosulfate 0.5% based disinfectant was sprayed in each nest. Random samples were collected before and after treatment by 24-, 72- and 120-hours intervals and were tested ...
Djoko Kisworo*, Martina Safitri, BRD Wulandani, Bulkaini, Syamsuhaidi
...he shelf life of chicken eggs. A Completely randomized design (CRD) was used in a 3 x 3 factorial pattern with five replications. The Factors were the level of SSF (0%, 10%, and 20%) and storage time (2, 4, and 6 weeks). Data were analyzed according to the analysis of variance followed by the Least Significant Difference test (LSD). The parameters measured were the egg’s weight, air cavity, pH, and Haugh Unit of chicken eggs
Abdulaziz A. Alaqil1*, Mohammed I. Buhaya2
...align: justify;">Chicken eggs are considered one of the most common high nutritive value animal protein foods sources consumed all over the world. Recently, with the increasing of health-conscious there is a growing interest in producing and consuming functional foods especially for individuals suffering from chronic diseases. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary linseed oil (LO) inclusion, as enriched-source of omega-3 polyunsaturated ...
Kanwal Hanif1, Dilbar Hussain1, Qurban Ali1, Asad Aslam1*, Tamsila Nazir1, Muhammad Saleem1, Muhammad Faheem Akhtar1, Muhammad Zubair2, Najuf Awais Anjum3 and Muhammad Umar Qasim1
...viability of parasitized eggs, survival and parasitism efficacy of Trichogramma chilonis under controlled conditions at toxicology laboratory Entomological Research Institute Ayub Agriculture Research Institute, Faisalabad. The viability of eggs was evaluated by exposing egg cards to insecticides by dipping them in insecticide solution for 10 seconds while adult survival was investigated through dipped surface residue bioass...
Yêyinou Laura Estelle Loko1*, Joelle Toffa1, Azize Orobiyi1, Gbèblonoudo Anicet Dassou2, Rolande Okpeicha1, Dieudonné Gavoedo1 and Alexandre Dansi2
...n (r = 0.467), number of eggs laid (r = 0.295) and susceptibility index (r = 0.453). Path coefficient analysis showed that each seed physical character and its interactions with the others characters influenced soybean grains susceptibility to C. maculatus. Soybean seed thickness showed the higher direct positive effect on soybean susceptibility to C. maculatus indicating that breeding should be done based on this trait to improve soybean seed resistance....
Syeda Batool Zehra1, Abdullah G. Arijo2, Aly Khan3, Nasira Khatoon1* and Samina Waheed1
...etermine the presence of eggs in feces....
Nishim Bhusal1, Bhuwan Raj Bhatt2*, Saroj Shrestha3 and Arjun Chapagain4
...ion method) to visualize eggs of Fasciola microscopically. The obtained data were coded and analysed using Microsoft Excel 2016. The overall prevalence of fasciolosis in cattle was found to be 15.56%. Age and sex-wise prevalence was found to be statistically significant (P<0.05), while stage and breed-wise prevalence was insignificant (P>0.05). Fasciolosis is prevalent moderately among cattle in Tillottoma municipality, which necessitates the study of de...
Muhammad Tariq Navid1,2*, Mian Muhammad Awais2*, Muhammad Irfan Anwar2 and Masood Akhtar2
... the embryonated chicken eggs. The direct detection through RT-PCR confirmed H9 gene from cloacal swab samples in 6.9% of the seropositive sample while we could not confirm any of the oro-pharyngeal samples for H9 gene through direct molecular detection. The cultivated oro-pharyngeal and cloacal swab samples were not found positive upon re-confirmation from allantoic fluid through RT-PCR by using same specific set of primers. This study concludes that asymptom...
Muhammad Shuaib1*, Abdul Hafeez1, Naila Chand1 and Muhammad Tahir2
...and 3. The average daily eggs production on weekly basis during phase-1 was calculated as non-significant while during phase-2 and 3 higher for the control group than all other groups. Hen day egg production (HDEP), mortality, and ash digestibility were recorded as non-significant, while nutrient digestibility of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), and fat were recorded higher in the control group during all the three phases. It is concluded...
Nosheen Jehajo*, Nasreen Memon, Mansoor Ali Shah and Naheed Shah
...ding the large number of eggs and adults. These two oils provided best protection at their higher concentrations to mung beans against Callosobruchus maculatus. In conclusion, it is strongly recommended that oil extracts from seeds of neem and castor plants can be used to manage the stored grain pest up to the tolerable limits in integrated pest management. Moreover, the present study suggests further work on the efficacy of some other local plant extractions ...
Lopamudra Samantaray*, Yashaswi Nayak
...take ...
Sumaria Maqsood1*, Muhammad Ali 2, Amna Shoaib3, Shahbaz Ahmad2 and Noor-ul-Ain2
... rate, and the number of eggs by 20-30% along with the 40-50% reduction in the pupal and larvae mortality rate as compared to the tomato paste diet and chickpea diet. The rearing expenses for 200 larvae on the modified diet (674/Rs) were 2.5 folds less than the expenses for rearing the same number of larvae on chickpea based diet (1749/Rs.) and almost equal to the tomato paste-based diet (669/Rs.). Therefore, a modified diet based on wheat germ and tomato past...
Shabana Parveen1*, Naeem Tariq Narejo2, Ayaz Hussain Qadri1, Ghulam Dastagir3, Muhammad Hanif Chandio4, Pervaiz Khan4, Faheem Saddar5, Naveed Ahmad Abro6, Shahnaz Rashid7 and Ghulam Abbas7
...hest was recorded (11830 eggs) from large fish. Egg production ability was noted ideally co-related by weight of ovary in relation to length and weight of fish. Egg size measurement reveals that the ova was noted to be increased in size during August to October (0.95 to 1.2 mm), after extrusion, there were no gonads during November to January and again start developing from February 0.1 to 1.2 mm that indicated that fish breeds onetime in year having peak duri...
A.H. Choshali1, S. Rezaee2, S. Jamali3, H. Reza3, Zamanizadeh4 and F. Rejali5
...actors (number of galls, eggs, egg sacs and J2) in both tolerant and susceptible cultivars. Inoculation of susceptible roots with AMF significantly reduced the nematode pathogenicity factors. Also the results indicated that the activity of both enzymes increased in the plant with AMF compared with the cucumber roots inoculated with M. incognita alone. Cucumber mycorrhizal roots showed the highest mean activity of chitinase and ß 1, 3 glucanase respective...
Y. Danso†, J. Adomako, K. Osei and B. Abugri
...s. Meloidogyne incognita eggs @ 2000 eggs were applied per plant. Mamaba, Obaatanpa and Abeleehi maize varieties exhibited resistance potential by suppressing reproduction, development and establishment of the obligate parasite. Gall index, stem girth, plant height and shoot dry matter weights were not significantly affected. These maize varieties could be incorporated into well planned crop-land rotational and maize breedin...
A. S. A. Saad1, M. A. Radwan2†, H. A. Mesbah1, H. S. Ibrahim3 and M. S. Khalil3
...m, number of egg-masses, eggs per egg-mass and number of juveniles (J2) in the soil as well as plant
growth characteristics. All nematicidal treatments reduced the incidence of root-knot nematodes when compared
with the untreated check. However, fenamiphos and oxamyl were proved to be the highest chemical compostions
that decreased galls by 91.73 and 89.53% and egg-masses by 90.80 and 88.65%, res...
S. Feroza1, A. G. Arijo1† and I. R. Zahid2
...h Ascaridia galli @ 2000 eggs/bird. Ethanolic extracts of papaya and neem were applied to Group B and C, respectively while Group A was left untreated that served as control. The fecal egg count (FEC) was conducted on weekly basis. The pre-treatment values of FEC in all three groups found negative from day 0 to 14 after artificially inducing infection. On day 21, the FEC pretreatment values in group A, B and C were recorded as 1424.5, 1346.3 and...
M. T. Javeed†, A. S. Al-Hazmi and Y. Y. Molan
...of J2 and un-hatching of eggs increased as the
concentrations of the culture filtrates increased. In general, T. harzianum (isolate No.27), T. hamatum (isolate
No.5) and T. viride (isolate No.8) were the most effective among all tested isolates. Therefore, these three isolates
were further evaluated in the greenhouse test on tomato against M. javanica. The three tested isolates inhibited
the reproduction, root ga...
A. S. A. Saad1, M. B. Al-Kadi1, A. A. A. Deeabes2 and A. M. El-Kholy2†
...ber of J2 in soil, total eggs, final population and reproduction rate significantly. Meanwhile, the applied treatments exhibited enhancement in plant growth parameters and decreased the host infection by M. incognita over control. Among all the treatments Fosthiazate proved to be the best treatment while cattle manure was found as the least significant. The biochemical response of treated plants showed that infected plants with M. incognita recorded the least ...
S. Riffat†, S. Kumar and A. Soomro
..., the females laid fewer eggs than normal. The numbers of eggs produced were 17.5±3.0, 11.2±5.3 and 8.6±4.3 for Poekilocerus pictus, Oxya velox and O. hylahyla, respectively, for infested insects, whereas, it was 43.3±5.2, 37.8±6.30 and 39.34±5.2 in uninfected grasshoppers. Beside this, it was also noticed that insect infected with Mermis spp. did not survive for long. Dissection exa...
O.S. Osunlola† and B. Fawole1
...ustify;">cells. Nematode eggs were seen in the cortical cells but more eggs were recorded near the root surface. Multiple
infections were also observed.
...
T. Shiferaw†, N. Dechassa* and P.K. Sakhuja*
...ha significantly reduced eggs per egg-mass, root galling and final population of root-knot nematode
at p < 0.001. Rapeseed cake at 200 kg/ha significantly reduced final population and eggs per egg-mass compared
to control treatment at p < 0.05. Applications of poultry litter at 5 ton/ha to 15 ton/ha in combination with
rapeseed cake at 200 kg/ha remarkably suppressed root-knot nemato...
I. Umar† and A. Mamman*
...es egg suspension at 100 eggs/5ml syringe introduced into
each Petri dish containing both crude and diluted extracts of fruit powder (5, 10, 15 and 20 ml) except the control,
which received only distilled water. Petri dishes were treated to the same concentrations of the extract in Petri
dishes containing 1000 second stage juveniles of M. javanica. Egg hatch inhibition and larval mortality was
observed over a per...
Farhana Binte Zalal, Prodip Kumar Sarkar*, Mahbuba Sultana, M H Kawsar, Swapon Kumar Fouzder
...utch size, the number of eggs per clutch, and the incubation success. After laying a clutch of eggs, the broody hen sits on the eggs and incubates them to get chicks. The study was carried out to know the natural incubation and broody hen management practices in the selected areas of Barishal district, Bangladesh. We randomly selected 150 farmers (50 broody hens/Upazila) practicing natura...
A.A. Anter, A.W. Amin†, A.H. Ashoub* and A.S. El-Nuby*
...de galls, egg-masses and eggs numbers
followed by synchronized addition with inoculation. While, post-inoculation treatment was less effective.
Reiterative doses post-inoculation were improved the efficacy of single dose revealed that three doses
remained more effective than one or two. While, differences between two or three time doses wer e
insignificant. On the other hand, plant fitness was slightly impaired w...
Laveena Shekhawat, Sheethal S*
...ease in organs where the eggs get lodged, the most common being the liver. Case report: A 29-year-old male presented with pain in the right upper quadrant with radiation towards the back along with abdominal fullness for 5-7 days. Physical examination and imaging investigations were performed on the patient which revealed the diagnosis. Results: The patient underwent laparoscopic deroofing procedure and the cyst was sent to pathology and microbiology sections ...
Muhammad Furqan1*, Zulfiqar Ali1, Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad2, Rida Ahmad1, Haqnawaz Yousaf3 and Imad Ul Din Zangi4
...The clutch size of seven eggs was recorded from two nests. The eggs shell was buffy white or creamy, oval shaped, elongated and pointed towards one end. Camera trap recorded the hatching activities on 15th July 2020. It was observed that incubation period varied from 22-25 days. Hatching rate was 100% and 85.71% while survival rates 57.41% and 49.98 % were recorded for two nests, respectively.
...
Nurul Isnaini*, Karl Wenas, Muhammad Firdaus Solihin, Hanief Eko Sulistyo, Dedes Amertaningtyas, Faizal Andri
...hatching performance and eggshell quality of white-nest swiftlets. A total of 200 white-nest swiftlet eggs were included in this study. The egg weight was classified into three groups, namely Group EW1: 1.61 - 1.80 g, Group EW2: 1.81 - 2.00 g, and Group EW3: 2.01 - 2.20 g. The egg shape index was classified into three groups, namely Group ESI1: 60.01 - 65.00%, Group ESI2: 65.01 - 70.00%, and Group ESI3: 70.01 - 75.00%. The r...
Zarema Alimsultanova Magomedova1, Kheda Khalitovna Dadaeva1, Roza Said-Akhmedovna Zakhkieva1, Islam Khasanovich Shakhbiev1*, Boris Kazievich Laipanov2
... of their infection with eggs of nematodes of the genus Nematodirus Ransom, 1907. In the lowland zone of the Chechen Republic, 37.50% of soil samples, 23.00% of water samples were contaminated with invasive elements, respectively, in the foothill zone, 41.00% and 26.50% of samples, in the mountainous zone - 29.00% and 15 .00% of soil and water samples. In all climatic zones, on average, 27.83% of soil and water samples were contaminated with
Kamilla Gadzhimuradovna Alieva1, Patimat Mitkhatovna Daniyalova1, Svetlana Aleksandrovna Shemyakova2*, Kerim Khasanovich Bolatchiev2, Ismail Anatolyevich Bittirov3
...00-30.0% of the samples, eggs of Trichocephalus ovis (Abildgaard, 1795) and Trichocephalus skrjabini (Baskakow, 1924) were found. Study of the dynamics of soil pollution by eggs of the genus Trichocephalus (Schrank, 1788) in the mountainous zone in 2017–2020. revealed moderate pollution of water and soil samples from reservoirs with a tendency to increase from 13.0 to 28.0% (on average by 19.8%). with an increase in th...
Vetlana Aleksandrovna Shemyakova1, Boris Kazievich Laipanov1, Ismail Anatolyevich Bittirov2, Kerim Khasanovich Bolatchiev1, Kamilla Gadzhimuradovna Alieva4, Anatoly Murashevich Bittirov2,3*
...es are contaminated with eggs of the nematodes genus Bunostomum (Raillet, 1902) (average 13,80±1,30 ekz. per 5 g of soil). The dynamics pasture of soil contamination in the mountain zone with eggs of nematodes of the genus Bunostomum (Raillet, 1902) was characterized of by an increase in pollution soil samples from 62,00 to 95,00% (on average by 77,60%), which indicates the likely formation of persistent foc...
Ahmad-ur-Rahman Saljoqi, Sadar Iqbal and Imtiaz Khan*
...hile theT. Chilonis (500 eggs/cards) were released with thirty days intervals. A single variety of brinjal (Neelam) was used in the experiment. Significantly low infestation of shoots (8.19%) and fruits (6.23%) were recorded in the plots treated with Voliam flexi followed by Neem oil and T. Chilonis with 12.77 and 12.73%, and 14.01 and 16.37% shoots and fruit infestation, respectively. Significantly high infestation of shoots 20.35 and 25.78% fruits was record...
Khasan Khamidovich Shakhbiev1*, Saidkhamzat Saidmagomedovich Abumuslimov1, Larisa. Vakhaevna Taramova1, Islam Khasanovich Shakhbiev1, Svetlana Aleksandrovna Shemyakova2
...lete absence in feces of eggs of E. granulosus and bacteria of the genus Streptococcus and an improvement in the physiological state of the body. In the experiments, a new complex bactericidal-anthelmintic composition azitroprazifen, including of 1 g per praziquantel 250 mg, azithromycin 150 mg, fenbendazole 250 mg, copper chelate 100 mg, cobalt chloride 100 mg and zeolite 150 mg, at a dose of 20 mg / kg dog body weight which the is a biologically safe, effect...
Sepri Reski*, Ridho Kurniawan Rusli, Montesqrit, Maria Endo Mahata
... on the quality of quail eggs. This study used a completely randomized design of 5 treatments with four replications. The treatment gave Turbinaria murayana seaweed fermented products with different levels, namely 0, 5, 10.15, and 20% in the ration. Research data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and differences between treatments were tested using the Duncans Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The study’s results were that the administration of...
O. A. Fabiyi, G. A. Olatunji and O. Atolani
...5);"> juveniles and eggs. The fractions were significantly effective in causing juvenile mortality. 75% concentrations of fraction being more active and showed significant differences from other concentrations. Fractions from A. boonei
Trisiwi Wahyu Widayati1*, Aris Triyono Syahputra2, Andoyo Supriyantono1, Onesimus Yoku1, Deny Anjelus Iyai1, Priyo Sambodo1, Iriani Sumpe1
... prevalence of parasitic eggs of Ascaris spp, Trichuris spp and Strongyloides in water, vegetables and soil ranged from 62.96% to 98.15%. Laleken system can reduce environmental pollution by parasites 89.28% to 100%.
Keywords | Pigs, Laleken, Papua, Parasites
...
Ferzana Bhatti1, Fiaz Hussain2, Zain ul Abdin1*, Muhammad Arshad1, Saqi Kosar Abbas2 and Muhammad Zeeshan Shabbir3
...id progeny, freshly laid eggs of the parasitoid were transferred from stung hosts onto non-stung hosts. Venom caused 100% mortality of the host even in diluted forms; Dufour’s gland secretion did not cause any significant mortality. The secretions injected by an ovipositing female not only contributed to a reduction in egg mortality but also positively affected survival and development of immature insect parasitoids. These will be helpful to explore nove...
Rahmat Ullah Khan1*, Karim Gabol1, Asif Sadam2, Waheed Ali Panhwar3, Hamidullah4 and Abdul Rahim1
...0 days. The shape of the eggs was oblong and white pinkish, with darker red spots. The average incubation and nestling periods were 12.03±1.3 and 13.21±1.08 days respectively. The average clutch size was 2.66±0.5 eggs; brood size was 2.66±0.5 nestlings. The average number of young fledged was 2.66±0.98 young, fledging success was 94.2%, and overall breeding success was 62.2%. Results sugges...
Chun Ik Lim, Hyeon Kwon Kim, Kang Nyeong Heo, Are Sun You, Hyo Jun Choo*
...gg weight (EW). However, eggs from groups fed a diet supplemented with FGP showed linearly (P < 0.05) higher hatchability (HAT) than those from the CON group fed a basal diet. Regarding blood parameters, serum concentration of albumin (ALB) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the group fed diets supplemented with FGP than in the CON group fed a basal diet. FGP supplementation quadratically (P < 0.05) increased serum total protein (TP) level. Aspart...
SAFDAR ALI KHAN1, FARHEEN ANSARI1, SANWAL ASLAM2*, AMJAD HUSSAIN3, MUREED HUSSAIN1, MAJID MAHMOOD4, ALI MUHAMMAD4, RAHMAT ALI1 , ASAD ASLAM3 AND FATIMA ALI1
...he presence of parasitic eggs by microscopic examination. The highest occurrence of helminthes parasitic infections 68.9% was recorded in growers, followed by adults (67.9%) and chicks (27.8%). This could be attributed to the existing maternal immunity in the chicks and the longer exposure of the older chicken to both helminthes and ova from the surroundings. Female desi chicken (65.5%) was more infected as compared to male desi chicken (58.8%).
...
Heavy metals (HMs) are harmful and lethal at negligible levels and non-biodegradable in the typical ecosystem and constitutes animal, human and environmental hazards. They are divided into toxic metals like Lead, Cadmium, Arsenic, etc. and essential elements like copper, zinc, manganese, iron, nickel and chromium. Additionally, could be categorized into two groups based on the natural and anthropogenic sources releasing origins. Population and industrial expansion led to food contamination with HMs. Poisonous metals can be transferred from irrigation water to agricultural soils, agricultural operations, air pollution, animal feed, and packaging materials. Toxic metals are non-biodegradable, non-thermos degradable, and exceedingly stable in the ecosystem; as a result, they quickly build in various foods. Metal pollution of many foods, including agricultural commodities, and animal protein sources such as fish, milk, meat, and eggs, poses a hazard to food safety and security. Toxic metal pollution of irrigation water, agricultural soils, plants, and animals result in their integration into the food chain, posing a health hazard to humans. Most metals are harmful to animals and humans and accumulate in several organs like the skeleton, hepatic tissue, spleen, and renal tissues. Metals have a deleterious impact on the production of plants and animals. As a result, several remediation strategies have become necessary to limit the hazardous HMs pathway into the food chain and the human body. Metal nanoparticles are employed in beneficial applications, although they are associated with specific hazards.
Keywords | Food contamination, Heavy metals, Nanoparticles, Pollution sources, Remedy, Soil contamination
...as fish, milk, meat, and eggs, poses a hazard to food safety and security. Toxic metal pollution of irrigation water, agricultural soils, plants, and animals result in their integration into the food chain, posing a health hazard to humans. Most metals are harmful to animals and humans and accumulate in several organs like the skeleton, hepatic tissue, spleen, and renal tissues. Metals have a deleterious impact on the production of plants and animals. As a res...
Hussein Jabar Jasim1*, Amer Murhum Al-Amery2
...e methanolic extracts on eggs of Fasciola spp. to both positive (Albendazole) and negative (chlorine-free water) control groups in vitro. Microscopic examination of the treated Fasciola spp. eggs with ginger methanolic extract revealed that the various concentrations of Z. officinale methanolic extract used in our study were highly sensitive to it and that their activities differed noticeably from those of the positive (albe...
I Nyoman Sulabda1, Anak Agung Gde Oka Dharmayudha2, I Wayan Nico Fajar Gunawan3, Dwi Fortuna Hashilonda4, Luh Gde Setyawati5, I Ketut Puja6*
...uld fertilize female dog eggs.
Keywords | Kintamani dogs, fertilization, Insemination, Intravaginal, Pregnancy
...
Jaswandi, Ananda*, Rusfidra, Kusnadidi Subekti, Harif Gusdinal, Raziah Sri Wahyuni, Fahmi Ariansyah Caniago
Muhammad Rizwan1*, Bilal Atta1, Muhammad Arshad2, Sohail Akhter3,
Muhammad Tahir3, Misbah Rizwan1, Muddassir Ali1 and Arshad Makhdoon Sabir1
...es from 294.00 to 262.43 eggs/female and net reproductive rate (R0) (174 to 91.85 d). Our results showed that C. septempunctata had adopted to manage λ cyhalothrin and it could be used in experiments involving C. septempunctata as a natural biocontrol agent....
Kétomon Pierre Challaton1*, Coovi Guénolé Akouedegni1, Kadoéito Cyrille Boko2, Goué Géorcelin Alowanou1,3, Pascal Venant Houndonougbo4, Aboudou Habirou Kifouly1, Mawulé Sylvie Hounzangbé-Adoté1
Sahar Ezeldien1,2, Foromo Dramou2, Fatma M. Yousseff3*, Alexander A. Nikishov2, Sergy B Seleznev2
Ngoc Tan Nguyen1*, Tan Loi Le1, Thi Kim Ngan Vo1, Chi Hieu Do1, Tuan Thanh Hoang2, Nguyen Khang Duong3, Quang Minh Luu4
...pe (99.3 vs 93.1 or 91.7 eggs). The average egg weight did not significant difference among genotypes (72.3, 72.2 and 70.6g; P>0.05). From these results, the polymorphic site at PRL/PstI was identified, ducks bearing CC genotype possess earlier age at first egg and egg yield up to 38 wks of age and considered as a candidate gene for supporting genetic selection in ducks to improve egg production.
Keywords | Climate change, Cro...
Md. Rashedul Islam1, Abul Farah Md. Hasanuzzaman1*, Md. Latiful Islam2, Ghausiatur Reza Banu1
...rood’s tank water, eggs, larvae, larval tank water, and larval feed were log10 3.86±0.61 cfu g-1, log10 3.63±0.57 cfu mL-1, log10 2.73±0.13 cfu g-1, log10 2.86±0.21 cfu g-1, log10 2.93±0.25 cfu mL-1 and log10 3.23±0.37 cfu mL-1 respectively. The highest concentration of Aeromonas spp. (log10 3.62±0.24 cfu g-1) and Pseudomonas spp. (log10 2.95±0.22 cfu g-1) was detected in the brood sample of batch 1...
Ahmad-Ur-Rahman Saljoqi1, Imtiaz Khan1*, Ijaz Ahmad1, Javed Khan2, Shahid Sattar1, Bashir Ahmad Khan1 and Muhammad Salim1
...vealed that the stage of eggs had the greatest death rate, at 12%, followed by pre pupal stage. The lowest mortality was observed in 2nd instar stage. Sx was determined to be maximal during the second instar stage and minimal at the pre-pupal stage. The total mortality per generation (K-value) from all immature stages was 0.26. The total female fecundity was 379.0 eggs and the fertile eggs...
Imtiaz Khan1*, Bashir Ahmad1, Ahmad ur Rahman Saljoqi1, Shah Alam Khan1, Javed Khan3 and Muhammad Azim Khan2
...n of Pyrilla perpusilla (eggs cluster and nymphs/adults) was recorded from the leaves of the plants. The experimental results were of the view that could be used to conclude the research that the different varieties have different behaviour towards hosting the P. perpusilla. The population Pyrilla perpusilla (eggs clusters and nymphs/adults) were found highest on CPF-252 while least population of P. perpusilla was recorded o...
Eliseo Pelagio Fernández Ruelas1, Ali William Canaza-Cayo2,3*, Francisco Halley Rodriguez Huanca1, Uri Harold Perez Guerra1, Roxana Churata-Huacani3, Tales Jesus Fernandes3, Ysabel Mendoza Aguilar1
...ereas higher (P<0.01) eggshell weight was observed only at MOL2.5. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in the average egg weight/week and egg yolk weight. The egg production and laying percentage were also improved at MOL2.5. In conclusion the addition of 2.5% MOL in diets, increased all productive parameters and some egg quality characteristics, in Hy Line Brown laying hens. ...
Shazia Rasheed1,*, Ehsan Ullah Mengal1, Robina Manzoor2 and Azra Bano1
...W. The minimum number of eggs estimated in the female P. segnis was 86,392 while maximum number of eggs was found to be 1,555,820 in a crab of 138 mm SCW. The average fecundity was 523,773 ± 279,204. The GSI values of male crab ranged from 0.70 to 6.20 having a mean of 3.80 ± 1.08 (Mean ± SD). In case of female, GSI values of samples ranged from 0.71 to 13.33% having a mean of 5.46 ± 3.25 (Mean &p...
Abiyu Tadele 1,2*, Gebreyohannes Berhane2, Wondmeneh Esatu3
...uality traits, 240 fresh eggs from the three genotypes were sampled. The findings revealed that, except for yolk breadth and color, the Tetra H genotype had considerably better (p < 0.05) egg quality characteristics than the other genotypes. Internal and external egg quality characteristics were found to have positive and significant associations among the genetic group of chickens, demonstrating that choosing birds with bigger eggs...
Chitra Kumalasari1,2, Lovita Adriani2*, Indrawati Yudha Asmara3, Nazri Nayan4
... produce 240 – 260 eggs/bird/year. However, at the age of 80 weeks laying hens must be culled because their productivity has decreased below 50%. Many efforts have been made to extend the egg production cycle so that production increases before laying hens are culled. Probiotics supplementation is one method of increasing productivity in old age laying hens. This review explores the potential of probiotics that can increase egg production in laying hen l...
Ayoub Hadjeb1,2*, Ismahane Lebbouz3 and Yasmine Adjami4
...fertility of females and eggs. The control of this pest requires knowledge of the bio-ecology under the effect of various biotic and abiotic factors. This results will represent a fundamental data in mechanisms interpretation of variation in abundance of this pest....
Ishtiaq Ahmed1*, Hamid Ullah2, Zubair Ali2, Muhammad Sohail2, Yasir Amin2 and Afrasyab1
...e found positive for the eggs of different GIT helminths. Seven species of parasites including: Eimeria Spp, Ascaris spp., Strongyloid spp., Fasciola spp. Trichuris spp. Monezia spp. and Schistoma bovis. as well as mixed species were identified as per their intensity. It was noted that prevalence was highest in goat (80%) followed by buffalo (74%), cattle (71.27%) and sheep (68.08%). The Eimeria spp. was highest (35.27%) followed Buffallo (28.35%) and trichuri...
Bushra Allah Rakha1*, Farah Qayyum1, Muhammad Sajjad Ansari2, Ali Akhter1, Komal Shakeel1, Javeria Batool1, Faryal Akhtar1 and Sehrish Hina1
...ulbul ranged from 1 to 5 eggs with mean clutch size of 2.6 eggs. Maximum percentage of nests (30.2%) had clutch size of 2 and 3 eggs. The overall hatching success in active nests was 61.7% and fledging success was 67.6%. During month of May, maximum number of eggs and nestlings were recorded while no breeding activity was recorded during month of Februar...
Nwafili Sylvanus Anene, Ibinabo Jessica
...previous experience with eggs and fingerlings mortality. Majority of the respondents (81.63%) strongly agree that eggs mortality experienced in hatchery was due to fungal infection while 40.82% strongly agree that fungal infection was responsible fry/fingerlings losses in the hatchery. In general, the catfish farmers’ perception of causes of eggs and fry/fingerlings mortality were po...
Bdour Muhammed Al-Shweily1*, Jawad Bulbul Al-Zaidawi2, Muhammed Jubair Hanawi1
...cucurbit crops, lays its eggs in the fruits and feeds on them. Consequently, extensive studies and experiments have been undertaken to identify optimal methods for its control. Due to the adverse effects of chemical pesticides on consumer health, particularly human health, the pursuit of alternative safe measures has been paramount. Among the prominent alternatives, biological control has garnered attention, wherein environmentally safe organisms such as nemat...
Muhammad Faizan1, Muhammad Nasir1, Muhammad Waqar Hassan1*, Ghulam Sarwar2 and Moazzam Jamil3
...ckpea genotypes. Maximum eggs were laid on mung bean varieties, one chickpea genotype (Bitttle-16) followed by in cowpea in descending order and least eggs were laid in two chickpea varieties (Sadiq-21 and BWP-white). Study of factors which could affect egg output of C. maculatus included seed coat color, texture and see size and among which beetles laid more eggs due to dark color of seed...
Muhammad Fiaz Qamar1*, Tahir Hussain1, Iram Liaqat2, Madiha Kiran1 and Abdur Rahman Ansari1
Syed Shakeel Shah1, Ayesha Jameel1, Sabila Afzal1*, Muhammad Zubair2, Iram Fatima Bokhari1
...ion to recover parasites eggs, cysts and larvae. A high prevalence of about 47.58% was described in this study. Coriander was the highest contaminated vegetable (51.42%), followed by mint (48.57%). The carrot was the minimum contaminated vegetable with 40% contamination. Examination of vegetables revealed 12 genera of parasites along with aquatic mites (5.74%). Taenia was the most prevalent parasite (25.28%) followed by Ascaris (21.83%), Toxocara (9.19%) and H...
ZULNAIRAH REHMAN1*, AZMATULLAH KHAN2, ABDUL WAJID3 & AYESHA MAQBOOL4
...div>
of commercial eggs, eighty were of non-commercial eggs and eighty were
of egg storing tray samples collected from local markets and house farms
of District Mianwali. The selective media used for the Salmonella was
hektoen enteric agar. The incidence of Salmonella in egg shells of
commercial eggs and non-commercial
Shiferaw Demissie Tola1, Diriba Muleta2, Fassil Assefa2 and Beira Hailu Meressa1*
...ed as 8813.2 and 3420.1 (eggs and J2 (g soil)–1), respectively. Therefore, evaluating hot pepper varieties for resistance using a wide range of Pi could generate more reliable information on the host status of pepper varieties. ...
Nurul Isnaini*, Dedes Amertaningtyas, Hanief Eko Sulistyo, Aulia Puspita Anugra Yekti, Faizal Andri
...he egg weight, number of eggs of BSF success to hatch, hatchability, length, width, and number of change becoming flies at period shown. Conclusively it has been shown that the different enriched media gave positive effect until 75% replacement. Those treatment controls are not recommended.
Keywords | Black soldier fly, Feed, Fermentation, Health, Reproductive
...
Abd-Alfattah Abd-Alhamid Alderey1, Nabila Elsaid Mahmod El-Kassas1, Eman Said El-Hadad1*, Manal Hamdy Gomaa1, Eman Ashour Hussein2
..., and production rate of eggs were increased (P<0.001) by SOP15%+E and SOP20%+E or DY. Egg shape index and plasma cholesterol and triglyceride were improved (P<0.05 or P<0.001) by all SOP20% diets. Shell percentage was increased (P<0.01) by SOP20%+E+DY. Haugh unit was increased (P<0.01) by SOP15%+E or E+DY, SOP20%+E+DY. Egg surface area was improved (P<0.05) by SOP15%+E or DY, SOP20%+DY. SOP20%+DY diet showed the highest economic efficiency r...
Muhammad Farooq Bhatti1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1*, Aamir Ali1, Hooria Ashraf Khan1, Rabia Fajar Ali2, Ayesha Muzamil1, Fariha Munir3, Fatima Ijaz1, Rizwan Khurshid3
...conditions. The silkworm eggs were hatched at a range of temperatures (21-30°C) and humidity levels of 75-80-% and 80-85% respectively. The silkworms hatched at optimal conditions were provided variable meals and the leaves consumption rate was calculated. In a separate experiment, the 5th instar silkworm larvae were assessed for biological and economic traits. The results of this study exhibited that Chinese silkworm eggs
Cahya Alamsyah Putra Anugerah1*, Ita Krissanti1, Diky Ramdani2
...e infested with helminth eggs at mild in goats I and III, moderate in goat IV, and severe degree in goat II. The BCS scores of goat number I, III, and IV was 3.0 out of 5.0 while goat II was 2.0. In conclusion, it is important to improve health and welfare managements to maintain the performans of the goats. ...
Agha Mushtaque Ahmed1*, Ali Zachi Abdul Qadeer Alhilifi2, Fahad Nazir Khoso1, Muhammad Ibrahim Kubar1, Tehniyat Naz Shah3 and Touseef Ahmed1
...of 1758.61± 245.9 eggs was noted on D3. The impact of larval and pupal body weight on adult’s oviposition of S. frugiperda was correlated (larva r2=-0.84 & pupa r2=-0.79) that showed a negative with non-significant difference (P>0.05). Thus, based on the findings in the present study, it is concluded that D2 (chickpea flour) was much appropriate for FAW rearing as it produced short larval developmental period, maximum body weight with...
Nazia Suleman* and Asia Riaz
...ng frozen aphids, frozen eggs of Angoumois grain moth and soaked raisins. Among all treatments, longevity was minimum on frozen aphids (Mean= 66.4 days) for seven spotted beetles. Similarly for zigzag beetle, Menochilus sexmaculatus, the number of days the beetles survived was significantly higher on live aphids (Mean= 106.54 days) and was minimum on soaked raisins (Mean= 67.21 days). Among different diets, the fecundity of both beetle species was maximum on l...
Muhammad Ali Raza1*, Aneela Zameer Durrani2, Muhammad Muddassir Ali3, Tariq Usman4, Bilques Bano5, Nazia Rubab6, Syed Tasadak Mehdi7, Muhammad Wasim Iqbal8, Kumayl Hassan Akhtar9, Hira Hameed10
...f neem, the reduction in eggs per gram was 11.25% as compare with day zero and levamisole, oxyclozanide and cobalt in combination represented 98.8% reduction in faecal egg count on day 21. The average decrease in mean larval count was 12.8, 97.97 and 95.9% by neem, levamisole and combination of levamisole, oxyclozanide and cobalt respectively on day 21. As a whole, the highest effect or highest reduction in mean larval count was delineated by group levamisole ...
Rudhy Gustiano1*, Iskandariah Iskandariah2, M.H. Fariduddin Ath-Thar1, Gleni H. Huwoyon4 and Deni Radona3
...erformance of fertilized eggs, embryos, and larvae showed no differences between observed populations. The survival rate of larvae for East Java, West Kalimantan and Lampung were 92%, 86% and 82%, respectively....
Ashfaq Hussain1, Javed Khan2, Ammara Blouch3, Ahmad-Ur-Rahman Saljoqi1, Ashraf Khan4,5* and Zaheer Sikandar6
...ectively. The total laid eggs/female were 288.4 eggs. The pre-pupae and pupae developmental time was 1.00±0.00 and 6.00±0.08 days, respectively. The overall mean male longevity was 33.40 days, while the mean female longevity was 38.70 days. In larval feeding efficiency, the maximum mean number of aphids (479.6) were consumed by larvae while the minimum mean number of aphids (36.8) were consumed by 1st larva ins...
Muhammad Fiaz Qamar1*, Tahir Hussain1, Iram Liaqat2, Madiha Kiran1, Abdur Rahman Ansari3, Faiza Yasmeen1 and Tahira Batool3
Ibrahim l , Madiha Salah and Ikuta 2, Kazuyoshi
... in embryonating chicken eggs and RT-PCR as references. Influenza rapid tests efficiently detected H5N1 in clinical samples derived from different organs including lung, liver and brain tissues with high sensitivity and specificity. The sensitivity and specificity were 71% and 100% for Sysmex avian influenza kit and 86% and 33% for Sysmex influenza MB kit. Thus, Sysmex avian influenza kit was shown to be a potentially useful tool for the direct and rapid detec...
El-Kenawy, A. A. and El-Tholoth, M. S.
...) of embryonated chicken eggs (ECEs) were inoculated with Known previously isolated and identified LSDV of 104 8 EID5d0.1 ml for virus follow up in these CAMs by using IF and IP techniques and PCR. The results indicate that IF and IP techniques are useful in the quick diagnosis of the disease in naturally infected cattle. PCR could be used for rapid and specific detection of LSDV nucleic acid in crude skin and internal organs samples. Also, LSDV could be detec...
Omarl , Dalia M.; El-Ibiaryl , Elham A.; Sadik2, Atef S.; Abdel-Ghaffar2, Mamdouh. H. and Othman2, Badawy A.
... SPF embryonated chicken eggs (ECE) for virus isolation. The allantoic fluids (AF) of the inoculated ECE were examined for detection of avian influenza (Al) isolates using rapid haemagglutination test (HA). It was found that, all the inoculated isolates caused high mortalities up to 100% for the embryos 24-48hrs post inoculation and gave very strong RBCs agglutination. The haemagglutination positive samples were identified and subtyped antigenically by serolog...
Muhammad Ramzan1*, Unsar Naeem-Ullah2, Shafia Saba2, Madiha Mobeen Khan3, Naeem Arshad Maan3, Asad-ur-Rehman4, Mahreen Khalid5, Syed Waqar Hussain Shah6 and Wardah Muzaffar7
...njamina. All stages from eggs to adult were recorded and observed. The complete metamorphosis like egg, larva, pupa and adult was found in T. varians. The female laid eggs in 2 to 6 layers. The diameter of egg was 0.60 to 0.70mm. There are five larval instars of T. varians. The head length of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th instars was 0.30±0.05, 0.35±0.07, 0.93±0.08, 1.67±0.40, 2.09±0.09mm, re...
Hala M. El-Makaky*•, Sherif, N.A.;Fekria El-Bordiny* and Taha, M.M.*
... SPF embryonated chicken eggs. The virus was harvested 48-72 hours post inoculation. The titre of the virus reached 1062 EID50ml. One hundred and fifty chickens were divided into 3 equal groups. The first group was vaccinated with the prepared SHS vaccine, 2nd group two was vaccinated with imported SHS vaccine, while the third group was kept as non-vaccinated control. Evaluation of the prepared vaccine was done by measuring both cell-mediated and humoral immun...
N. A. Sherif, Lamiaa M. Omar, S. M. Shafei and Elham A. El-Ebiary.
...g hens, from which their eggs were collected, the immunoglobulin-Y (IgY) was precipitated from the egg yolk of immunized hens by 33% saturated ammonium sulphate solution. The anti-rabbit immunoglobulin-Y (IgY) was purified by using affinity chromatography. The obtained globulins were divided into 2 parts. The 1st one was conjugated with peroxidase and the 2nd part was conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate. Both conjugates gave a strong positive result whe...
Nahariah Nahariah1*, Hikmah Hikmah1, Faridah N. Yuliati1, Endah Murpiningrum1, Abdul W. Jamaluddin2, Titis S. Kusuma3, Andi Febyana4, Kartina Kartina1
Makmun1, Imam Mujahidin Fahmid2, Muhammad Saleh S. Ali2*, Muhammad Yamin Saud2, Rahmadanih3
...owing demand for chicken eggs and the rapid capital turnover that is the primary incentive for business actors to pursue the chicken farming industry are the fundamental causes of the vast number of farmers’ business players in Blitar Regency. The large-scale accessibility of production elements is another consideration. The actors operate their livestock company independently or in cooperation, and it has since evolved into a hereditary enterprise (inhe...
Rawaa Saladdin Jumaa
... and embryonated chicken eggs. Also, the phylogenetic tree was confirmed that the avipoxvirus infection observed in local pigeons was caused by pigeon poxvirus.
Keywords | Isolation, P4b gene, Sequencing, Pigeon poxvirus, Iraq
...
Doungnapa Promket1*, Khanitta Pengmeesri1, Jennarong Kammongkun2, Thassawan Somchan1
...d and E/M values (195.61 eggs and 16.30 eggs, respectively) compared to the AA genotype (181.09 eggs and 15.09 eggs, respectively). Notably, the NPY gene exhibited highly significant associations with NE270d, NE360d, E/M, and E_Mass (P < 0.01). Specifically, the BB and Bb genotypes in the NPY gene correlated with significantly higher NE270d values (16...
Heni Indrijani*, Asep Anang, Muhammad Farhan Fadilah, Nena Hilmia, Maya Fitriani
... 14 months. The hatching eggs produced from breeding one line and crossbreeding were hatched for 21 days, resulting in fertility, and hatchability was calculated as a value of the heterosis effect. Each DOC was identified by wing tagging as identification in body weight at 1-12 weeks. These data are needed to calculate the heterosis effect and measure the growth curve to estimate body weight using the Logistic model. The study showed that the Sentul Kulawu mal...
Diky Ramdani1*, Dwi Cipto Budinuryanto1,2, Siti Darodjah Rasad1, Novi Mayasari3, Krisna Rizki Rismawan1, Muhammad Fajryanto Solihin1, Ririn Siti Rahmatillah1
...ean of 120 ± 31.8 eggs/g feces) were allocated using a completely randomized design. The objective was to compare three different as-fed doses of PPS inclusion, comprising 0% (PPS-0), 50% (PPS-50), and 75% (PPS-75) in a PSS-based diet. This comparison aimed to evaluate lamb performances both before (Phase 1, a 30-day trial) and after (Phase 2, a 42-day trial) an anthelmintic treatment, with each phase having six replicates (n = 6). Before the anthelmint...
Sepri Reski*, Maria Endo Mahata, Montesqrit, Ridho Kurniawan Rusli
...uality of Japanese quail eggs (Coturnix-coturnix japonica) when fed a diet containing fermented Turbinaria murayana. The study employed a completely randomized design 2x3 factorial with four replications. Factor A represents the storage temperature, comprising room temperature and refrigerator temperature, while factor B represents the storage time, namely 1, 2, and 3 weeks. The observed variables included the physical characteristics of the
Wahid Hussein El-Dabae*, Eman Shafeek Ibrahim, Eslam Gaber Sadek, Mai Mohamed Kandil
...vity of embryonated hens eggs for 20 passages. The attenuated virus was used to vaccinate 20 SPF chicks and its protective efficacy was checked. Intracerebral pathogenicity index (ICPI) of the attenuated strain was 0.2, the mean death time (MDT) was 120 hours and infectvity titer was 7 log10 EID50/ml compared to 1.97 ICPI, 36 hours MDT, and 9.5 log10 EID50/ml of the original strain. The attenuated AOAV-1 was protective in vaccinated chicks by means of HI antib...
Sepri Reski*, Maria Endo Mahata, Ridho Kurniawan Rusli
...gth, width, shape index, eggshell strength, thickness, and eggshell weight. The results indicated that the different levels of fermented T. murayana seaweed meal in the laying hen diet did not significantly affect (p>0.05) egg weight, egg length, egg width, egg shape index, eggshell strength, eggshell weight, and eggs
Nadya Indriyani1, Sri Murtini2*, Sri Darwati3, Cece Sumantri3
...s and 162 IPB-D3 chicken eggs, in the fourth generation aged DOC and 2 weeks, each 81 samples. Total Immunoglobulin yolk (IgY) observations were made using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and antibody titer against Newcastle disease virus (AbNDV) methods using Hemaglutination Inhibition (HI) tests. Descriptive analysis was performed on production performance data and humoral immunity to estimate phenotypic correlation of the statistical method of Pea...
ASMA WAHEED QURESHI1* & SHUMAILA ALAM2
...y detection of parasitic eggs, cysts and larvae. Seven vegetables including cabbage (Brassica oleracea), lettuce (Lactuca sativa), carrot (Daucus carota), mint (Mentha spicata), chili (Capsicum frutescens), cucumber (Cucumis sativus) and corriander (Coriandrum sativum) were assessed using standard methods. Overall parasitic contamination of 30.7% was observed. Highest contamination was detected in Mardan (36%) followed by Katlang (30%) while the lowest contami...
Ngoc Tan Nguyen1*, Thi Tuong Vi Trang1, Thi Thuy Tien Nguyen2, Tuan Thanh Hoang2, Duc Thoa Nguyen2
...nd accumulated number of eggs (ANE) up to 38 weeks of age. DNA collected from the wing vein at 38 weeks of age was extracted from whole blood samples of 393 VLV chickens. The 24 bp indel/PRL target gene was amplified by PCR and the product was separated by electrophoresis on 2% agarose gel for genotyping. Polymorphism was observed at the 24 bp PRL/indel locus, showing two alleles I and D with frequencies 0.57 and 0.43, respectively and three genotypes (II, ID,...
Marwa R. El-Deken1, Raouf E. Rizk1, Mona R. Ahmed1, Fouad A. Tawfeek1, Hossam A. Shahba1, Wesam A. Fares1, Ayman M. Khalifah2*
...onversion ratio besides, eggshell calcium and phosphorus compared to those for control. Moreover, both Glu 3 and Glu 4 groups represented best significant improvement of hatchability and hatched chick weight. Highest significant increase of villus height and villus area was observed for chickens of Glu3 group (0.6%) compared with the others groups. While chickens of Glu3 and Glu4 (0.6 and 0.8%) represented the significant increases of villus width compared wit...
Kalaiselvi Natarajan1, Karal Marx Karuppiah1, Sheena K Baby1, Sakthivel Mohammed2, Shanmugam Seerappalli Aran1 and Suresh Eswaran1*
...igher number of ovulated eggs, fertilization and hatching rate than ovaprim and ovatide. For dose optimization, the matured brooders were administered with synthetic hormone WOVA -FH at three different doses viz., 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7 and 1.0 ml per kg of body weight at triplicate basis. The highest number of ovulated eggs (3380.5 ±202.75), fertilization rate (90± 0.8) and hatching rate (88±0.88) were observ...
Yousef Abdal Jalil Fadladdin1, Ateeq Ullah2*, Raheela Nawaz3, Yagoob Garedaghi4, Abbas M.A. Al-Azab5 and Mashael Abdullah Aldamigh6
...the presence of helminth eggs. Out of 200 samples 65% (n=130) were found to be infected with 2 species of soil transmitted helminths including 27% (n=54) A. lumbricoides and 35.5% (n=71) A. duodenale. Regarding ages, 11-12 years were highly infected. Females were observed to be infected more than male students. Children of unemployed mother and father were more infected than employed parents. Children living in cemented house were more infected than non-cement...
Wafaa M. A. El-Nagdi1*, Ahmed E.A. Mahgoob2, Mahmoud M.A. Youssef1, Mona M.S. Zayed3, Entesar H. Taha2 and Nora R.A. Saleh1
...y numbers of egg masses, eggs and galls per root system more than single treatments. Co-toxicity% for the two applied combined treatments of each bacterial isolate+ AMF, added at the same time with nematode (Ne) or added at 7 days before Ne inoculation, showed additive or synergistic interaction effects. The tested isolates increased significantly (p≤0.05) plant growth criteria according to the tested materials. The same isolates +AMF with Ne at the same ti...
Majeed Ajafar1, Hashim Hadi Al-Jebory1*, Mohammed Khalil Ibrahim Al-Saeedi2
...L) injection on hatching eggs on the quality of hatched chicks. A total of nine hundred eggs were used in this study. All the eggs were set in an automatic incubator at the same time. On the 12th day of embryonic age, half of the eggs (450 eggs) were divided into 6 groups (75 eggs pe...
Guenaoui Mohamed1*, Khelil Sofiane Raouf2, Berrani Abdelkader3
...tained as meat, milk and eggs by providing essential fatty acids. In poultry and especially in layers, vegetables oils are used widely to increase energy in food. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary sunflower oil incorporation on laying performances and egg quality of Japanese quail. A basal diet SF0 was formulated to meet the nutritional requirements for laying quails. Two other foods SF5 and SF10 were obtained by the incorporation of 5...
Modelling of female Pupal body weight and fecundity of the mulberry silkworm (Bombyx mori l) strains
Ghulam Ali Bajwa and Hakim Shah
...undity was 458.1±16.9 eggs/female laid by hybrid PFI 14, while the mean lowest fecundity was 387.6±9.74 eggs/female laid by inbred 206MKD. A positive significant (p<0.05) to highly significant (p<0.01) correlation was found between the female pupal body weight and fecundity. The correlation coefficient (r2) ranged from 0.728 to 0.957. A positive linear model was established between the female pupal body weig...
Syed Said Badshah Bukhari, Ghulam Ali Bajwa and Miskeen Ali
...undity (596.50±4.03 eggs per female), larval body weight (3.55±0.07 g), pupation rate (94.80±1.23%), cocoon yield (14.85±0.22 kg per 10,000 larvae) and cocoon weight (1.42 ±0.03 g), while hybrid C02x05M was superior in the shell weight (0.37±0.01 g) and shell ratio (26.47±0.04%). The EI values ranged between 40.96 and 61.92. All hybrids except 05POx06M resulted in greater than 50 EI values. Four hybrids showed positive MPH fo...
Ghulam Ali Bajwa and Miskeen Ali
... laid mean maximum (375.8eggs/female) as well as fertilized eggs (370.4) on craft paper while hatchability was the highest on flying paper (95.4%). Among colors, the highest total eggs per female (407.6), fertilized eggs (395.0) and hatchability (94.6%) were recorded on black color. On the other hand, 206-PO deposited mean maximum number of
Wali-ur-Rahman and Muhammad Khan
...cundity and fertility of eggs of two strains of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. Out of 6 mating durations from 1 to 6 hours, 5 hours duration was found for the maximum fecundity and 1 hour duration for the maximum fertility of eggs of Chinese and Japanese silkworm strains. Since mating durations from 1 to 6 hours are statistically non-significant therefore, 1 hour mating duration can be used for the maximum fecundity and the...
G. A. Bajwa and Hanif Gul
...ices like destruction of eggs by soil working,
banding of tree trunks and application of insecticides
were combined together. All the components of integrated
control strategy proved effective. Among the chemicals
Buldock 25EC, Mepra 50EC and Endon 35EC @ 0.2% were the
most effective insecticides against the pest.
...
Ghulam Rasool
...o every thing except lay eggs....
G. A. Bajwa, H. Gul and G. N. Panhwer
...erage 37.71 ± 0.91 eggs with maximum of 45 and minimum 30 eggs. The oviposition, incubation, larval and pupal periods lasted for 1-3, 3-5, 8-18, 6-18 days, respectively while the adults remained alive for 4-17 days. There were seven generations in a year with an average life cycle of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th , 6th and
7th generation was 32.5, 27,5, 26,5, 23.0, 27.5, 37.5, and 44 days in April - May, May - June, June - ...
Hanif Gul, G. A. Bajwa and G. N. Panhwar
...e trunks, destruction of eggs by soil
working and application of insecticides was the most
effective control strategy. Among the insecticides Mepra
50EC and Endon 35EC @ 0.2% are recommended for
economical and ecological safe control of mango mealy bug....
Hanif Gul and Abida Hamid
...st all the stages except eggs. For grubs among the three doses 60% mortality occurred after 120 hours in the dose of 0.8 x 104 spores / ml while 53% and 33% mortality was recorded by other two doses in the same time period respectively. For pupae highest does gave 57% kill in 168 hours while the other two doses gave 43 and 26% mortality in the same time period respectively. For adults among the three doses 55% mortality occurred after 192 hours in the dose of ...
Wali-ur-Rehman and M. Ismail Chaudhry
... July to mid August, lay eggs on
the under surface of leaves in clusters. Hatching of
eggs takes place from mid August to mid September. The
caterpillars, exhibiting nocturnal and processoinary
behavior, live for 10 to 11.5 months, mid August to end
of June next year. Pupation takes place from mid June to
end of July for a period of 1-2 months. Their life cycle
is annual....
Hanif Gul and M. Ismail Chaudhry
...from cages provided with eggs in the
month of May. No stage of cutworm was recovered from
cages provided with larvae or pupae of cutworms before
the hot summer started. It indicates that the larvae and
pupae of cutworm did not survive in hot dry weather of
June where as the eggs aestivated successfully....
M. Ismail Chaudhry and Wali-ur-Rehman
...verage fecundity of 1764 eggs ranging from 600 to 3900 per female. Larvae after hatching disperse and construct their bags by uniting small bits of bark of twigs and pass through 5 larval instars during 10.5 to 11 months including 5 moths of hibernation. The larvae pupate in May - June for a period of 7-30 days. The life cycle is annual.
Brachycorphus nursei Cam. (Ichneumonidae) Sturmia inconspicuella and Podomyia sp. (Tachinidae) ...
M.Iqbal Ahmad, I. A. Hafiz and M. Ismail Chaudhry
...5 days. While elliptical eggs measuring 3.1to 4.9 mm are laid in clusters 1 to 5 emergences usually at night in wounds and cracks on poplar stems. On an average a female lays 156 eggs with a maximum of 231 eggs at 22 to 240C and a minimum of 22 eggs at 150C under laboratory conditions. Yellowish white grubs, 5.4 mm long hatch after 10 to22 days and start...
Mian Mohammad Muslim
...ial hatching of silkworm eggs of Korean variety (Jam 103 x Jam 104) F-2 was conducted by treating them with HC1 solution of different concentrations and for different duration at 460C; after 21 hours of oviposition, Treatment with 14.5% HC1 solution for a period of 5.5 minutes was found to be most suitable for obtaining maximum useful hatchability (98%) under local conditions.
...
M. Ismail Chaudhry and Iqbal Ahmad
.... The moths start laying eggs 12 hours after mating. A single female on an average lays 163.5 eggs with a range of 71 to 264 eggs per female. The oviposition period varied from 3-5 days. Incubation period varied from 3 to 9 days. Larvae just after hatching start stitching leaves and feed inside. The larval during duration lasts for 9 to 24 days during which they pass through 5-6 larval ins...
Walid Elmonir1*, Dalia Abdeltawab1, Hanem El-Sharkawy2 and Rasha N. Zahran3
...es of Salmonella spp. in eggs and environmental samples from commercial layers flocks were 2.5% (10/400) and 7.1% (15/210), respectively. The prevalence rates of the same samples in backyard production were 6% (6/100) and 1.4% (1/70), respectively. The egg shell contamination positively associated with Salmonella detection in egg cartoon trays in commercial layers farms (Pearson’s R= 0.8, P= 0.004). The serotype distribution was as follows: S. Typhimuriu...
Tariq Ahmad1*, Anum Razzaq2, Hira Shahzadi2, Faiz Ur Rehman4, Li Bo1,
Saif Ullah2, Omama Saqib1, Muhammad Tayyab Khan5, Muhammad Suliman1 and Ayesha Zulfiqar3
...5%) trees. A total of 62 eggs were found in active nests with 70.96% hatching success and a low percentage of nestlings fledged i.e. (29.03%). The percentage of fledgling success was lower than the hatching success. One was at the North pole, the other was at the South pole, one was at the west pole thus the other was at east. It’s interesting to note that the spotted dove’s new young ones lie at 180° angle as the clutch size is two. Some of th...
Salman K.A.A1, Mohammed Khalil Ibrahim Al-Saeedi2, Hashim Hadi Al-Jebory3*
... 25, 2020. Three hundred eggs were split into four experimental treatments, 75 eggs each. Four treatments were used for the hatching egg treatments. They were as follows: T1: a 0.3 ml injection of NaCl, the T2, T3, and T4 treatments egg was treated with a 60, 80, and 100 ppm zinc-methionine solution, respectively. After that, 15 chicks from each treatment were selected and given a 48-hour fast. The results were: At six hours...
Le Thanh Phuong1, Pham Tan Nha2*
...eneration and collecting eggs to incubate for getting G1 generation. Some reproductive indicators and other performance characteristics were collected from 21-72 weeks old in each generation and the association between generations and productive traits was analyzed based on One way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with Minitab software version 16.0. The results showed that G1 generation had the highest average egg production rate (34.6%) and the lowest average FCR...
Deden Sudrajat*, Dewi Wahyuni, Burhanudin Malik, Dede Kardaya
...sensory quality of quail eggs. The design used was a Completely Randomized Design with three treatments, which were then analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis test. The variables observed were hedonic tests with a 5-point hedonic scale and hedonic quality (egg yolk color, egg white color, flavor, taste, and texture of quail eggs). This treatment showed that in the preference test, the ratio of betel leaf meal content had a signific...
Dian Septinova1*, Isnaini Nurfianti2, Denita Eptiana2, Khaira Nova1, Riyanti1
*Correspondence | Dian Septinova, Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung; Email: [email protected]
...haracteristics of salted eggs. The treatments used were soaking eggs in a 30% NaCl solution (T0), partial substitution of NaCl with KCl (T1), CaCl2 (T2), KCl + coriander (T3) and CaCl2 + coriander (T4). The parameters measured included salt content, moisture content, physical characteristic of albumen (pH, height, diameter, index, Haugh unit), physical characteristic of yolk (pH, height, diameter, index, colour) and organole...
Nguyen Van Vui1*, Duong Hoang Oanh2, Nguyen Thi Kim Quyen1, Nguyen Thuy Linh1, Kim Nang1, Nhan Hoai Phong1
...">The quality of chicken eggs is affected by the nutritional composition of the feed and water provided to the laying hens. This research aimed to assess the impact of supplementing laying hens’ drinking water with Spirulina algae on their productive performance, egg quality, yolk lipid peroxidation, and blood biochemical parameters. The experiment followed a completely randomized design, featuring five treatments with varying concentrations of Spirulina...
Abdul Mannan1*, Naveed Iqbal1, Randhawa1, Abdul Hanan1 and Abdul Qadeer1
... about 60000 parasitoids eggs /acre at interval after 20 days repeat from May to August. While borers complete their life cycle 30-35 days. This study shows that treated with biological control plot significantly decrease borers infestation as contrast to the less tricho gramma card used. It is very cheap and fully control as well as co-friendly, no effect on the crop stress as compared to the pesticides application. To increase the quality about 0.2-0.5 in su...
Hend E.M. Elsheikh1*, Mamdouh F. El-Mekkawi1, A.A. Abou-Zaid1 and
Amal M. Abd El Raof2
...on CAM of embryo chicken eggs. As 62 of 81 (76.5%) from skin nodule biopsies and nasal swabs samples showed characteristic Pock lesions when inoculated on CAM of embryo chicken eggs while 39 of 40 (97.5%) of the samples tested positive for LSDV depending on partial amplification of the EEV glycoprotein gene (958-bp) in conventional PCR....
Khalil1*, Ridho Kurniawan Rusli2, Montesqrit2, Andri3
...ke, egg production, FCR, eggshell, and tibia bone mineralization. Results found that 3-9% CMSM increased crude ash and densities of fishmeal and inhibited the increase in moisture content, protein degradation, and the development of bacteria during storage. Using fish meals containing 3 and 6% CMSM in the diet improved egg production and feed utilization efficiency of laying quails. In conclusion, the calcined lake mussel shell meal could be used 3-6% to impro...
Wali Muhammad Mangrio1*, Yasmeen Buriro1, Hakim Ali Sahito1, Faheem Ahmed Jatoi1 and Fahmeeda Imdad Sahito2
... ferrugineus. The female eggs color patterns were milky white oval, and cylindrical. The length and width of eggs (2.56±0.40) (1.18±0.28) were noted at (30±2°C) followed by (2.33±0.42), (1.102±0.22) mm, at (20±2°C). The newly hatched larvae were white-brown and gradually turned into dirty-brown at later stages. The 1st instar stage measurement was recorded (0.98±0.31),...
Hina Yasin1,2*, Shaukat Mahmud2, Hina Abrar1, Kaneez Fatima3, Rabia Bushra1 and Saima Zahid2
...mia salina (brine shrimp eggs). Based on the findings, it is concluded that the leaves extracts of the C. bonplandianus have potent analgesic and cytotoxic effects but in higher doses only. However; phytochemical screening and isolation of active constituents will need to be explored further to endorse the utilization of the Croton plant clinically for various therapeutic activities....
Kouakou Yadom Yao François-Regis*, Kra Kouamé Daniel and Atta Diallo Hortense
...cond-stage juveniles and eggs of M. incognita were exposed to extracts for 72 hours and 10 days, respectively. Egg-hatching inhibition and juvenile mortality were used to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of extracts. Castor leaf extracts were applied to okra soils infested with M. incognita. The gall index, gall reduction, and nematode reproduction were determined. The unhatched egg rate ranged from 49.50 to 81.60%, and the juvenile mortality varied from 73.10 t...
Ishtiaq Ahmad Khan1, Sarzamin Khan1, Muhammad Shuaib1*, Sohaib ul Hassan2, Abubakar Sufyan3, Waqas Alam1, Muhammad Shahkar Uzair1, Aamir Khan4, Qudrat Ullah2, Muhammad Ayaz4 and Tayyab Khurshid5
... flocks produced 2% more eggs during pre-peak but 2% fewer eggs during peak and post-peak phases compared to cage-housed hens (P>0.05). The Hatchery percentile was the same before the peak and then improved (P<0.05) by 4 and 10% during and after the peak, respectively. Insemination frequency, cockerels’ body weight, and production cycle had no significant effect (P>0.05) on both parameters, however, the effect...
Elfira Kariane Suawa1*, Juliet R. Roberts2, Greg Parkinson3, Angelina Novita Tethool1
...ssed for measurements of eggshell and egg internal quality variables, scoring of ultrastructural mammillary layer features, completeness of cuticle cover. Body weight at point of lay and mature body weight at 40-45 weeks did not significantly affected egg production, but significantly impacted on egg size eggshell quality and internal egg quality. Cuticle cover (ΔE*ab value), shell breaking strength, deformation, perce...
Yasser Asaad Hameed Al-Shareef, Firas Hussain Kadim Abawi*
...ting chicken embryonated eggs followed by haemagglutination and haemagglutination inhibition assays. Using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, the presence of the virus was confirmed and mean death time approach was applied to determine the pathotype of isolates (velogenic). Next, we assessed the most important determinant of ND virus pathogenicity by the analysis of the fusion protein cleavage sites, phylogenetic analysis sand compared genomics o...
Eslam Arafa1,2, Hanan M.F. Abdien1*, Mohamed Ali Zain El-Abideen3, Emad Diab2,4, Mahmoud Assad2,5, Mohamed Tarek3, Mohsen M.Z. El-Dimerdash1, Wael K. Elfeil1
...free embryonated chicken eggs (SPF-ECE) via the yolk sac and chorioallantoic membrane routes, resulting in embryonic mortality and hemorrhage with congested internal organs. Survivors exhibited liver necrosis. Hepatitis, myocarditis, and infiltration of heterophilic diverse inflammatory cells were recorded upon histological examination. These findings confirm that the mutant ARV can skip maternal immunity induced by conventional vaccines due to the mismatch be...
Lahbib Cheikhi, Hafidha Boucherit* and Abdelkrim Benaradj
...needs for milk, meat and eggs; and to provide manure for maintaining the fertility of the farms’ soil....
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