Johanna Lindahl 1, 2
British Journal of Virology
...n livestock and breed in rice fields, and the majority of cases subsequently occur in rural areas. This review lists the risks of emergence of diseases due to the on-going urbanization, with especial focus on vector-borne diseases, particularly Japanese encephalitis. It is concluded, that although the mechanisms required for an extensive human to human transmission is not present for Japanese encephalitis virus, there is evidence of urban virus transmission. T...
Raja Waqar Ahmed Azad, Tahir Sarwar
...s. Water productivity of rice in the command area of selected watercourses ranged from 0.15-0.23 kgm-3 with average value of 0.19 kgm-3, water productivity of wheat ranged from 0.77-1.48 kgm-3 with average of 1.18 kgm-3, water productivity of maize ranged from 0.68-1.25 kgm-3 with average of 0.90 kgm-3 and average water productivity of onion crop ranged from 0.29-0.36 kgm-3, with average of 0.32 kgm-3. Water productivity of onion was lower compared to the valu...
Rashid Saleem1*, Zammurad Iqbal Ahmad2, Muhammad Abbas Anees2, Abdul Razzaq3 and Ashiq Saleem1
...ntal blocks replicated thrice with RCBD strip block system. Sole mungbean and intercropped mungbean with maize were treated with five fertility treatments (T1, control; Phosphorus and Potash (PK) (80-60 kg ha-1) + inoculation, T3, (120-80-60 NPK kg ha-1); T4, poultry manure (PM) @ 15 t ha-1 and half PM+ half PK+ inoculation, half poultry manure (7.5 t ha-1) + half PK (40-30 kg ha-1) + inoculation. According to statistical analysis, data revealed that plots tre...
Khalid Usman1*, Niamatullah Khan2, Fazal Yazdan3
...lock design replicated thrice. The strain DNH-105 gave optimum yield owing to more bolls per plant (37.2), boll weight (3.4 g) plus higher ginning out turn (39.9%) compared to the standard varieties of cotton in Pakistan. The quality characteristics such as fibre length (29.2 mm), strength (28.5 g tex-1), micronaire (4.3µg inch–1) and uniformity (80.2%) were also higher for DNH-105 than other varieties. Ginning out turn ranged from 37.2 (CIM-612) t...
Imdad Sohu1, Allah Wadhayo Gandahi2*, Ghulam Raza Bhutto2, Muhammad Salim Sarki2, Rabail Gandahi3
...akistan cultivated under rice-chickpea cropping system. Integrated nutrient management is important for higher crop yields and sustainable agriculture. A field experiment was conducted to study the residual effect of integrated nutrient management on growth and yield of chickpea crop. The treatments included control (no organic or inorganic fertilizer), NPK (36-72-0 kg ha-1), NPK (36-72-20 kg ha-1), Farmyard Manure (20 t ha-1), Poultry Manure (20 t ha-1), NPK ...
Opeyemi Eyitayo Ayinde1*, Kayode Ayinde2, Tofunmi Emmanuel Ilori1, Raphael Olanrewaju Babatunde1
E-mail | [email protected]
...ultural policies on the prices of major staple food in Nigeria. Secondary data were sourced from various organizations and used for this study. These data were transformed from their nominal value to real value and analysed using descriptive statistics, unit root test, ordinary least square model, Cochrane-Orcutt, least absolute deviation estimators and simultaneous equation model. The study further established that the p
Rehmat Ullah1*, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan1 and Kalim Ullah2
... process, costly rental prices, out-dated machinery, preference of progressive farmers, no timely availability of Inputs, unviability of crop specific machinery. It was recommended that MFSC may take initiative to compel private companies to sponsor schemes for low cost inputs. MFSC may take initiative for funds on account of pragmatic trainings arrangement, subsidized inputs and crop specific machinery....
Abiodun D. Olabode
...apacity of some selected rice farms in Kwara State, Nigeria, with a view to identify farm management practices that enhance sustainable production of rice in the study area. Primary data were obtained through the use interview schedule. Eighty copies of structured interview were purposively employed to obtain individual response of the farmers whose plots fall within the demarcated forty-sampled quadrats from both irrigated ...
Ishfaq Ahmed, Ihsan Mabood Qazi and Suraiya Jamal
...eat flour (WF) on broken rice flour (BRF) at different concentrations (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 g/100 g) on the proximate compositions and functional properties. It was found that percent protein (8.93–12.25%), ash (0.52–1.01%) and moisture contents (4.47–7.09%) showed significant (P < 0.05) increase, while fat content (1.41-1.17%) showed significant (P < 0.05) decrease by blending WF with BRF. Similarly, water solubility index (WSI), ...
Mohammad Fayaz, Abbas-ullah Jan, Dawood Jan, Ghaffar Ali and Yousaf Hayat
...at & wheat flour and rice & rice flour, respectively. The estimation of quality elasticity based upon income quintiles revealed that the magnitude of quality elasticity increases for rice & rice flour (0.2019 to 0.2639) while decreases for wheat & wheat flour (0.0160 to -0.0012) as household move from poorest to richest quintile indicatin...
Abdul Qahar and Bashir Ahmad
...plots, were replicated thrice in randomized complete block design with split plot arrangement. Maximum biological yield, grain yield and harvest index were recorded with 350 kg N ha-1. Among studied maize hybrids, R-2210 achieved more biological yield, grain yield and harvest index than R-3305 and R-2207. Maximum net income and benefit cost ratio (BCR) were recorded in plots with 350 kg N and 40 kg S ha-1 for R-2210. Nitrogen and sulfur content in soil and tis...
Muhammad Aslam
...or crops; wheat, cotton, rice, maize and sugarcane. The review discusses major constraints, identifies future prospects and makes policy recommendations for enhanced agricultural productivity in Pakistan. The review revealed that in Pakistan, on average current yield of wheat, cotton, rice, maize and sugarcane is 2.26, 1.87, 2.88, 1.77 and 48.06 tons per hectare, respectively against 6.80, 4.30, 5.20, 9.20 and 300 tons per h...
Mehreen Zaidullah and Hina Fatima
...itures and the relative prices. Hence, agricultural import and export, and farm related policies should be made harmonious with the changing population statistics and pacing urbanization in Pakistan to make this transition period smooth....
Metin Duru1*, Asuman Arslan Duru1, Köksal Karadaş2, Ecevit Eyduran3, Harun Cinli4 and Mohammad Masood Tariq5
...t importance for higher price and more income of fertile and table eggs....
Irfan Ullah and Abbas Ullah Jan
...conomic factors such as prices and income. Flexible Linear Approximate Almost Ideal Demand System model is used to estimate food demand patterns using the Household Integrated Economic Survey of Pakistan for the year 2011-12. Food products are categorized into fourteen groups including milk, meat, fruits, vegetables, sugar, beverages, wheat and wheat flour, rice, other cereals, pulses, oil and fats, tea and coffee, backed pr...
Abdur Rahim1, Ghulam Abbas1*, Lorenzo Gallus2, Sara Ferrando2, Muhammad Hafeez-ur-Rehman3, Abdul Ghaffar4 and Abdul Mateen5
...ncy i.e., once, twice, thrice and four times per day. Fish in all replicates were fed with diet comprising 40% protein and 20% lipid for 75 days. Higher percent weight gain (% WG), best feed conversion ratio (FCR) and specific growth rate (SGR) were recorded at ration level from 2.5 to 4.5% BW d−1 and feeding frequency of three to four times daily. The moisture, protein and ash contents of whole body of the fish were not significantly (P>0.05) affecte...
Qamar Ali, Muhammad Ashfaq and Muhammad Tariq Iqbal Khan
...quired based on support price of vegetables; subsidize the input resources, improvement in vegetable markets and provision of extension services....
Nusrat Habib, Safeena Inam and Abdul Hayee Qureshi
...of sunflower, access to price information of market, distance from input shop and more profit from competing crops indicating that the 1 percent increase in these parameters will decrease the probability to adopt sunflower. Whereas supporting parameters were highest educations level in the family, total operational holding, last year yield of sunflower, access to extension services and share of non-agricultural income. By increasing 1 percent in these paramete...
Abida Butt,* Imtiaz Alam and Rabia Naz
...were observed in the rice fields around the cities of Sheikhupura and Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. In the adult spiders, mesh height, capture area and capture thread length was positively correlated with IVth leg length; mesh size also showed positive correlation with carapace width and wet weight of the spider. However, body measurements of young A. trifasciata did not show any correlation with their web characteristics. Decorated and non-d...
Idowu Fagbamila1*, Adaobi Okeke2, Micheal Dashen2, Patricia Lar2, Sati Ngulukun1, Benshak Audu1, David Ehizibolo1, Paul Ankeli1, Pam Luka1, Maryam Muhammad1
...least one of the four matrices in the three LBM with an overall prevalence of 20.2%. Of the 84 samples collected, 17 contained Salmonella. With regard to the matrices, there was no difference in Salmonella prevalence among the four matrices considered. Four different serotypes were identified with Salmonella Llandoff having the highest isolation rate in all the mat...
Sanaullah Jalil*, Asim Hayat, Abid Majeed, Syed Haider Abbas, Muhammad Noman, Muhammad Imran Kasana and Muhammad Mazhar Hussain
...ted after the harvest of rice. All yield parameters significantly increased by the treatments consisting of RP (100 kg) with FYM (5 t ha-1) and EM @ 50 l ha-1, which also enhanced the nutrient uptake of the crop. It can be concluded that accurate use of cheaper rock phosphate, farm yard manure and effective microbes proved as an alternative of costly fertilizers and sustaining the agricultural productivity. Residual effect of rock phosphate with additional use...
Zia Ur Rahman1*, Syed Mehar Ali Shah1, Hidayat Ur Rahman1, Fida Mohammad1, Mian Ahmad Raza1 and Ijaz Ahmad Khan2
...war-Pakistan during 2011 rice crop growing season. On artificial inoculation with Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae, the fundamental agent of bacterial leaf blight, most of the studied rice accessions and the two commercial rice cultivars displayed susceptible reactions. Seven rice accessions viz. UoA-2, UoA-5, UoA-11, UoA-48, UoA-53, UoA-102, and UoA-123 sh...
M. B. Meah
Biopesticides for crop growth and crop protection
...em borer,leaf hoppers of rice; shoot & fruit borer of brinjal and fruit flies of vegetables.Biopesticides (formulated trichoderma) and bio-agents (bracon,trichogramma, ladybird beetle) and sex pheromone are in the pipeline for commercial use....
Sitansu Pan and Amrita Das
Evaluation of shelf life of some value added organic formulations of Trichoderma harzianum
...rmicompost, leaf manure, rice bran and FYMand also their combinations with two oil cakes, neem and mustard cake. The growth was estimated in terms of colony forming unit (c.f.u.)/g of substrate up to 120 days at 30 days interval. In all organic products or their amendment with oil cakes c.f.u. increased up to 60 days and then gradually declined. Among the four organic media, vermicompost retained 21.3 x 10 c.f.u./g at 120 days where as leaf mold,FYMand
Neerja Agrawal, Mukesh Srivastava, Akhilesh Tripathi and Amrendra Singh
Survey and monitoring of pests, parasites and predators of pulse crops in central and eastern Uttar Pradesh
...pides boeticus, cow bug Tricentrus bicolor and Pentatomorpha bug were recorded while on lentil crop, black aphid,Aphis craccivora was recorded as major pest and H. armigera and cut worm Agrotis ipsilon as minor pests. 20 insect pests and a total number of 16 parasites and predators were observed in these crops during the period of study. The bio-agents recorded belonged to Order Dictyoptera, Neuroptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera, Diptera and Coleoptera.
Sitansu Pan, Surojit Khalko and Amrita Das
Effect of some fungicides on seed mycoflora, germination, viability and their persistence in treated seeds
...of mungbean, mustard and rice was studied in vitro. The highest appearance of pathogens viz.,Alternaria alternata was recorded in seeds of mungbean (Phaseolus aureus Roxb.), A. brassicae in mustard (Brassica campestris L.) and Drechslera oryzae in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Propineb 70WP and prochloraz 45EC considerably reduced the appearance of A. alternata and flusilazole 40EC reduced Fusarium sp.in mungbean seed than untreat...
B. Ramanujam, R. D. Prasad, S. Sriram and R. Rangeswaran
Mass production, formulation, quality control and delivery of Trichoderma for plant disease management
... horticultural crops and rice are treated by dipping the roots in Trichoderma suspensions before planting. Granular or pellets preparations and Trichoderma enriched FYM have been used for soil application directly and have provided effective control of diseases both nurseries and field conditions. To ensure that the products of Trichoderma do not affect the environment, human beings and other living organisms adversely and to prevent the sale of poor quality p...
D. Sharmah, K.C. Deka and A.K. Phukan
Field evaluation of efficacy of some botanical dust against rice bug (Leptocorisa oratorius Fabr.)
...re evaluated against the rice bug (Leptocorisa oratorius Fabr.) during 2000-2001 on the basis of per cent reduction under field condition. The per cent reduction in number of rice bug adults due to neem seed kernel powder, neem seed kernel powder + multani powder, multani powder, neem leaf powder, neem leaf powder + multani powder, neem leaf powder + ash, soap nut kernel powder, soap nut kernel powder + multani powder tested...
Goutam Mondal
Plant growth promoting activity of some indigenous Tricho-derma isolates and their field performance against sheath blight of rice in old alluvial zone of North Bengal
...0% to 23.14%) and reduce rice sheath blight disease incidence (46.32% to 70.54%) over check plot significantly. Again, the efficacy of the biocontrol agents was significantly greater in the block with green manured than the block without green manured. Application of hexaconazol 5% EC@ 2.0 ml litre-1 and carbendazim 50% WP @ 1.0 ml litre-1 also reduced the sheath blight disease incidence by 53.25% and 56.86% over the check plot respectively. It was interesting...
Biswajit Pramanick, Sruti Karmakar, Koushik Brahmachari, Rupayan Deb
An integration of weed management practices in potato un-der New Alluvial soil
... treatments replicated thrice. The predominant weed flora in the experimental field of potato was Cyperus rotundas, Chenopodium album, Anagallis arvensis and Fumaria purviflora. The results revealed that the maximum tuber yield and return per rupee invested vis-à-vis the maximum N, P, K uptake by potato and the minimum uptake of N, P and K by weeds emerged in the potato field were recorded under the treatment T3 (hand weeding at 20 DAP along with mulchi...
A. Sajeena and T. Marimuthu
Efficacy, stability and persistence of Ganosol, a Ganoderma based fungicide against plant pathogens
...heath blight pathogen of rice was developed as an emulsifiable concentrate. The formulation of 10EC at 0.25% was standardized as the best emulsifiable concentration for use against the pathogen. The pre inoculation spray of the formulation was observed to produce 63.62% reduction in lesion height caused by the sheath blight pathogen. Two isoforms of poly phenol oxidase, PPO 1 and PPO 3 were observed to be induced only in Ganosol 10EC sprayed plants and were ab...
S. Pal, H. Banerjee and N. N. Mandal
Efficacy of low dose of herbicides against weeds in transplanted kharif rice (Oryza sativa L.)
...s in transplanted kharif rice was studied at Regional Research Sub-Station (New Alluvial Zone), Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Chakdaha, Nadia, West Bengal. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with 7 treatments and 3 replications. The results revealed that the major weed flora associated with the transplanted rice during kharif season was mainly comprised of Echinochloa colona (30 %), Cyperus diff...
Dhananjoy Mandal 2K. Baral 3M. K. Dasgupta
Developing site-specific appropriate precision agriculture
...PA we are comparing nine rice- and vegetable-based cropping sequences between improved and farmers’ practices in terms of five parameters, viz. crop growth and productivity, soil nutrient management, pest management, (BCA) biocontrol agent balance, and energy balance, economics ~ each with several variables. We are also providing ground and prepare to provide PA –specific data to the farmers. By Return per Rupee invested Ri...
Rauf Ahmad1, Karam Ahad2 and Aziz Ullah Shah3
...eties of fine and coarse rice category, were tested for their performance against the respective standards. In hybrid category, 58% candidates milling quality found excellent or good (head rice yield– HRY 51-70%), 23% marginal (HRY 40 – 50%) and 18% below limit (< 40%). Physically, 60% samples were extra-long size, slender shape and coarse type. Nineteen percent samples were long or medium size but slender sha...
1Sitesh Chatterjee, 1Chirasree Gangopadhyay and 2Santosh Kumar Roy
...ration molecules against rice insect-pests. Control of pests in seedbed is relatively less expensive than transplanted main-field because of smaller area of nursery that can be managed better way as compared to transplanted field. In the present study, chlorantraniliprole granule was applied both in seedbed and transplanted field along with spraying of some new generation insecticides like indoxacarb, flubendiamide, spinosad and chlorantraniliprole to test the...
Dilshad Ahmad*, Muhammad Irfan Chani and Asad Afzal Humayon
...wheat 138.2kg to 185 kg, rice 36.2kg to 50.8kg and maize 26.8kg to 43.5kg for forecasted population 188 million to 258.4 million from 2014 to 2035. Food security and sustainable agriculture growth are conceivable through proper and feasible policy measures by policymakers to revamp their strategies accordingly....
Rahat Naseer1*, Abu Saeed Hashmi1, Zulfiqar-ul-Hassan2, H. Rehman1, Saima Naveed1, F. Masood1 and M. Tayyab1
...t was envisaged by using rice husk as a substrate for processing with the objective to produce a nutritionally enriched bulk feed ingredient and to explore its potential as wheat bran replacer in total mixed rations for the ruminants. For this purpose rice husk was subjected to different processing techniques using acid, alkali, water treatment and fermentation to prepare processed moiety on pilot scale. All these processed ...
Sania Shaheen1*, Hina Fatima2 and Muhammad Azeem Khan3
...for the transplanting of rice paddle (Conventional method) and Direct seeded method (Dry method) in rice growing areas of Punjab. In last some years, the direct seeded rice system is introduced in some of the rice cropping districts of Pakistan. The current research estimate the technical efficiency of conventional and dry rice
Umair Talib1*, Ijaz Ashraf1, Khalid Mahmood Chaudhary1, Riaz Ahmad2
...lyze whether smallholder rice growers are more satisfied with public or private extension organizations and development of a strategy to enhance the effectiveness of extension work. The specific objectives were to ascertain the satisfaction smallholder rice growers regarding the extension work conducted by public and private extension organizations; to analyze the satisfaction of smallholder ric...
Zakirullah Jan1, Shamsher Ali1*, Tariq Sultan2, Wasiullah1 and Wiqar Ahmad1
...saline soil and yield of rice crop at National Agricultural Research Center (NARC) Islamabad during summer 2016. Pots were induced with salinity of 7.0 dS m-1 and arranged in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. Six treatments consisted of a control (no strains) and 5 different strains of cyanobacteria i.e Oscillatory-MMF-1 (Oscillatoria princeps), Leptolyngbaya-MMF-2 (Lyngbya mucicola), Leptolyngbaya- MMF-3 (Lyngbya Phormidium), Gloeoba...
Trinh Thi Viet Ha1, Pham Duy Liem2 and Li Shuang1*
...lign: justify;">In world rice market, China and Vietnam play a vital role, as the largest producer,consumer and exporter. The current study was conducted to analyze the rice export interdependency between these two countries using empirical approaches. The findings of the study show that the pattern of rice trade between China and Vietnam is fluctuated. The trade volume between China and V...
Abbas Ullah Jan1, Muhammad Fayaz1*, Yousaf Hayat2, Dawood Jan3 and Ghaffar Ali3
...willing to pay a higher price for enhanced quality. Compared to rural households, the urban households are more responsive to quality in all fruits as a group and apple, banana, and grapes individually. Quality response is more in dates, mango and particularly guava for rural households. Empirical evidence suggests that there exists greater potential of increased profits for entrepreneurs involved in the production and marketing of fruits if they focus on qual...
Sikandar Hayat, Khalid Usman* and Muhammad Tahir Amin
...arrangement replicated thrice. Four row-spacing i.e., 10, 20, 30, and 40cm were assigned to main-plots while N fertilizer application methods (broadcast and placement) were kept in subplots. Results revealed that row spacing of 30 cm had higher yield and yield components besides higher benefit cost ratio (3.50). Nitrogen placement method proved to be superior to broadcast method of application regarding wheat yield and yield contributing traits. Row spacing an...
Haidar Ali* and Malik Muhammad Shafi
...ts due to the high sale price of vegetables grown on large area and more milk production. Similarly, in developed villages income from off-farm employment was more than undeveloped villages. Because large number of family labors of sample respondents were working on high paid jobs or employed else or self-employed and thus contributed a good amount to their family’s income. The study recommends that unemployment in the agriculture sector is likely to inc...
Imtiaz Ahmed, Muhammad Abbas Khan, Noorullah Khan, Naveed Ahmed, Abdul Waheed, Fazal Yazdan Saleem, Sajjad Khan and Sohail Aslam
...While the highest unite price of Rs. 300 kg-1 (Rs. 3.315 m ha-1) was received from those garlic which were obtained from 20 cm spacing as against the lowest market price of Rs. 225 kg-1 (Rs. 2.891 m ha-1) received from those garlic obtained from10 spacing. To achieve high market price, good quality garlic production and free from rust disease it is suggested to plant garlic crop in 20 row ...
Bushra Mazhar1, Nusrat Jahan1, Nazish Mazhar Ali1, Saiqa andleeb2, Shaukat Ali2*
... using waste residues of rice bran oil. After the screening of different bacterial isolates, a novel strain Enterobacter hormaechei showed significant production of vanillin when inoculated in waste residues of rice bran based media. E. hormaechei produced 5.2 g/l of vanillin in culture media containing ferulic acid as a substrate. Optimum pH for E. hormaechei was 7 and the temperature was 30°C. Using optimum growth cond...
Niamat Ullah Khan1*, Abdul Aziz Khakwani2, Sami Ullah2, Najeeb Ullah2, Abdur Rauf3 and Inam Ullah2
...rrangements replicated thrice. Tillage methods were allotted to main plots while nitrogen levels were kept in sub plots. Results showed that RT produced higher bolls per plant, weight per bolls, lint yields, earliness % and benefit cost ratio (BCR) than FT. Ridge tillage gave lower percent of lodging. Results for nitrogen indicated that bolls numbers per plant, bolls weight, lint yield, earliness, lodging, BCR, fibre length and fineness were highest at 150-200...
David P. Hunt
...rview, itself worth the price of admission, written specially for the book.
...
Muhammad Ijaz Khan* and Amanullah Jan
...arrangement replicated thrice. Experimental site was Agronomy Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar. Irrigations regimes were subjected to main plots while soil conditioners to subplots. Results of the two years study indicated that most of the yield and soil parameters were affected by irrigation regimes significantly. Higher crop growth rate, leaf area plant, plant height, biological yield (above ground parts of the plant), grain and straw N ...
Golam Moula*
EFFECT OF SHADE ON YIELD OF RICE CROPS
...n straw of two different rice varieties, local variety, Kazol Shail and high yielding variety, BRRI-32. The yields of paddy of Kazol Shail in the shaded and un-shaded area were 0.76 and 2.21 t ha-1, respectively. The yields of paddy of BRRI-32 in the shaded and un-shaded area were 1.83 and 3.63 t ha-1, respectively. The yields of green straw of Kazol Shail in the shaded and un-shaded area were 4.89 and 10.11 t ha-1, respectively. The yields of green straw of B...
Saeeda Raza, Muhammad Naeem Safdar, Amer Mumtaz, Nouman Siddiqui, Khalid Nasim and Muhammad Amjad*
...dquo;A” containing rice, mung, potato and poppy seed was organoleptically preferred. No significant change in moisture content, peroxide value and free fatty acid were observed during three months storage in double polyethylene bags at ambient temperature (20-25 ºC)....
Raania Ahsan* and Zafar Altaf**
... are curbed by the high prices charged for genetically modified illegal cotton seeds in the country. National Biosafety Guidelines of 2005, must be followed to approve all genetically modified crop varieties including cotton. This will encourage the introduction of this advanced technology through legal means with its complete package of benefits. After approval of Bt cotton cultivation by Government of Pakistan, R&D sector should be encouraged to transfer...
Mohammad Aslam*
...sizeable net exporter of rice. An effort has been made in the present paper to probe the possibility of attaining food autarky through a partial substitution of wheat with rice in the consumption plan of consumers. The study reveals that rice is a substitute food commodity for wheat and may be promoted as such. Since level of significance is small, it may need sustained promotional efforts...
Sidra Majeed, Shahid Ahmad*, Asif Ali Bhatti** and Ghazanfar Abbas***
... due to increase in the price of diesel fuel and renting cost of farm machinery. The average net return from barani wheat using chemical fertilizer is Rs. 1.22 million, on an average the benefit and cost ratio was 1.28, which means that 28 % of the total cost is realized back in the form of net returns. Out of ten years, the barani wheat production using chemical fertilizer was profitable in six years....
Khalid Mahmood Aujla, Sajida Taj*, Khalid Mahmood** and Nadeem Akmal*
...commended doses, higher prices of inputs such as seed, fertilizer, diesel, electricity and less wheat prices during 2006-07 and late announcement of the minimum guaranteed wheat price for 2007-08 were the main reasons of lower wheat production in 2007-08. To enhance the wheat yield, farmers were of the view that the timely availability of quality inputs (seed, fertilizers) at reasonable p<...
Babar Hussain*, Muhammad Ashfaq**, Mazher Abbas***, Khalid Mahmood**** and M. Ather Mahmood***
...d the monthly wholesale price (Rs. / 40 kg) data from January 1991 to December 2006 of gram, in logarithmic form and empirically estimated the degree of integration in gram markets of Pakistan using co-integration analysis. Co-integration results show that all gram markets are highly co-integrated in the long run. The high degree of market integration observed in this case is consistent with the view that Pakistan’s gram markets are quite competitive and...
Mazher Abbas*, Muhammad Waqas Akram**, Ikram Saeed*** and Arshed Bashir*
...sharp increase in input prices from year to year basis while output prices remained same over the year. The Government should effectively control the input prices to avoid the exploitation of farmers. Extension efforts are required to disseminate suitable canola technologies including high yield, short duration varieties to maximize the returns of canola growers. Public efforts are urgentl...
Nadeem Akmal, Hassnain Shah*, Muhammad Azam Niazi** and Waqar Akhtar*
...e suitable. There was a price difference of Rs. 1277 for male kids and Rs. 697 for female kids of the same age than the kids from local buck crosses. The farmers believed that the price difference was not only due to the higher weight but a better look and better structure of the Beetal goat. Farming community showed keen interest in using this intervention on a regular basis....
Sumia Bint Zaman, Sidra Majeed and Shahid Ahmad*
...per frequency of crops, price and returns as oilseed get returns of 166% higher than Jatropha. Oil contents of sunflower and canola are higher than Jatropha. Analysis concludes that it is more feasible to grow oilseeds because in trade-off between food and fuel, food should win. Before launching commercial production of Jatropha in Pakistan key issues need to be addressed including maintaining the goal of food security, water scarcity, cost-effectivity, and fe...
Muhammad Afzal, Sarfraz Ahmad , Abdul Salam Baloch* and Qazi Bashir Ahmad**
...justify;"> Hedonic price model was used to examine factors affecting livestock price formation while price variations due to time were examined using means and coefficients of variation. A sample of price observations of 725 animals (389 sheep and 336 goats) from Quetta livestock market was collected for one year on quarterly basis with a minimum sa...
Muhammad Athar Khan1, Muhammad Zahid Latif2*, Syed Amir Gilani3 and Ifrah Bukhari4
...cted from five different rice growing districts of Punjab, Pakistan after the approval of institutional ethical review board (IERB), 250 subjects were selected for this comparative cross sectional study. Multiple stage probability technique was used for sampling. In the first stage one union council was selected from each district randomly. In the second stage, 25 subjects involved in rice cultivation from the last 10 years ...
Saleem Abid1*, Nasir Jamal2, Muhammad Zubair Anwar3 and Saleem Zahid4
...arding crop production, price structure as well as consumption of potato in the country.
...
Imtiaz Hussain*, Hassnain Shah, M. Azeem Khan, Waqar Akhtar**, Abdul Majid*** and M. Yaqub Mujahid*
Corresponding author:[email protected]
PRODUCTIVITY IN RICE-WHEAT CROP ROTATION OF PUNJAB: AN APPLICATION OF TYPICAL FARM METHODOLOGY
...lem of stagnation of the rice-wheat productivity. The rational thinking urges to diagnose the problems of the area explaining the cause and effect scenario of the system. Descriptive analysis is conducted on the data collected from 29 representative farms, from 10 Tehsils of four districts of rice-wheat in Punjab having 1-68 ha farm size selected through purposive random sampling applying typical farm methodology.
Gulzar S. Sanghera and Wassem Hussain*
HETEROSIS IN RELATION TO COMBINING ABILITY PER SE PERFORMANCE IN TEMPERATE RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.)
... and yield components of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among genotypes, crosses, lines, testers and line x tester interactions for all the traits studied. The specific combining ability (SCA) effects along with per se performance revealed that some of the crosses have shown desirable SCA effects, having superior per se performance for most of the traits thus indicating the selection of these crosses. Based on sta...
Sonila Hassan, Abid Hussain*, Muhammad Azeem Khan** and Irfan Mahmood*
RURAL-URBAN RETAIL PRICES AND MARKETING MARGINS OF FRESH FRUITS AND VEGETABLES IN PAKISTAN
...margins and rural-urban price differences of fresh fruits and vegetables. A checklist and an open-ended questionnaire were developed and used to interview a total of 200 retailers (rural and urban), 100 producers, 30 commission agents and 10 transporters in July 2010. Price data were collected from rural and urban retailers in Hyderabad, Faisalabad, Peshawar, Muzaffarabad and Quetta. It was observed that the retail p
Saima Rani and Irum Raza*
COMPARISON OF TREND ANALYSIS AND DOUBLE EXPONENTIAL SMOOTHING METHODS FOR PRICE ESTIMATION OF MAJOR PULSES IN PAKISTAN
...t describe the trend of prices of major pulses such as gram, mash, masoor and mung during 1975-76 and 2009-10. Double exponential smoothing method was found to be pertinent for price estimation of major pulses in Pakistan because of smaller values of accuracy measures. Six-year's forecasts of prices of gram, mash, masoor and mung in Pakistan in 2010-11 were Rs.31.80, Rs.84.09, Rs.72.06, an...
Muhammad Yaqoob*, Rukhsana Anjum, Mumtaz Hussain and Muhammad Jahangir Shah**
GENETIC DIVERSITY ANALYSIS AND CHARACTER ASSOCIATION IN SOME CHINESE HYBRID RICE UNDER DRY CONDITIONS
...performance of 10 hybrid rice along with two high yielding varieties under drought conditions at Arid Zone Research Institute (AZRI), Bahawalpur. The experiment was designed in RCBD with three replications. The crop was maintained under moisture stress conditions. The data on various plant traits including, days to panicle initiation, panicle length, spikelet fertility, days to maturity, plant height, number of grains per panicle, number of productive tillers,...
Arshad Ali, Muhammad Arshadullah, Syed Ishtiaq Hyder, Imdad Ali Mahmood and Badar-uz-Zaman*
RICE PRODUCTIVITY AND SOIL HEALTH AS AFFECTED BY WHEAT RESIDUE INCORPORATION ALONG WITH NITROGEN STARTER DOSE UNDER SALT-AFFECTED SOIL
..., 60 and 90 kg N ha ) on rice (Supper basmati) production and soil health at MK Farm, Farooqabad, district Sheikhupura under saline sodic -1 soil (ECe=5.65 dS m , pH=8.57and SAR=19.38) during 2010. Treatments were arranged in RCBD with three replications. The crop was harvested at maturity, data on tillering, plant height, spike length, number of grains -1 spike , 1000-grain weight, straw and paddy yields were recorded. Plant samples collected at maturity were...
Syed Ishtiaq Hyder, Muhammad Arshadullah, Arshad Ali and Imdad Ali Mahmood*
EFFECT OF BORON NUTRITION ON PADDY YIELD UNDER SALINESODIC SOILS
...d ionic concentration of rice directly sown on raised beds under -1 saline sodic soils (ECe=5.32 dS m , pH=8.52 and SAR=18.87) at Soil Salinity Research Institute, Pindi Bhattian, district Hafizabad, Punjab Pakistan during 2009 and 2010. Treatments were arranged in RCBD with three replications. The crop was harvested at maturity. Data on tillering, -1 plant height, spike length, number of grains spike , 1000-grain weight, straw and paddy yields were recorded. ...
Wabekwa, J.W., I.A. Sodagni and F.K. Mohammad*
PHYSIOLOGICAL GROWTH AND YIELD EVALUATION IN PMINERALIZED SUNFLOWER (HELIANTHUS ANNUS L.) UNDER SUDANOSAHELIAN AGRO-ECOLOGY, NIGERIA
...e block and replicated thrice. It was observed that leaf area per plant and plant dry weight increased with -1 increasing P O rates (40-60 kg ha ) at 6, 8 and 10 weeks after sowing (WAS) 2 5 . Crop growth rates similarly increased with increasing P O rates (40-80 kg 2 5 -1 ha ) at 6 WAS in both years and the combined means for the two years, and at 8 WAS in 2011 and the combined analysis. Days to 50% flowering and head dry weight were not significantly influen...
Sajida Taj*, Muhammad Tariq Iqbal Khan**, Mazher Abbas and Arshed Bashir***
PRICE SPREAD AND MARKETING MARGINS OF CUT ROSE IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
... the highest consumer's price of Rs. 444.78 per 100 pieces of cut roses indicated that consumers have to pay more there. The price spread was greater in Channel-I which was Rs. 243.36 per 100 pieces of cut roses. In Channel-II where producers were directly linked with retailers, producer's share was maximized up to 46.86% which increases the marketing efficiency of Channel-II as compared to Channel-I. The study revealed that...
Rabeea Tariq*, Khalid Mahmood Qureshi*, Imran Hassan*, Muhammad Rasheed* and Usman Shaukat Qureshi*
EFFECT OF PLANTING DENSITY AND GROWING MEDIA ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF STRAWBERRY
...nsity can be increased thrice by using different production systems. Studies were conducted to see the impact of different planting densities and media on growth and yield of strawberry. The treatments were T = Control, with normal planting distance of 30 cm x 1 60 cm and growing media silt, sand and farm yard manure (FYM); T = 15 cm 2 x 30 cm and silt, sand and FYM; T = 30 cm x 60 cm and coir; T = 15 cm x 30 3 4 cm and coir; T = 30 cm x 60 cm and peat moss; T...
Abid Hussain*, Khalid Mahmood Aujla* and Sonila Hassan**
PRODUCTION AND MARKETING OF CAMEL PRODUCTS IN SEMIDESERT AND DESERT AREAS OF PAKISTAN
...6% each). Mean purchase price of camel hides reported by shopkeepers in nearby town markets were higher than village level prices by 74.6 % and even more in case of hair. This is an indicative of camel farmers' exploitation by the village dealers. Mean quantity of hair sales was about 20 kg per farm per annum. Camel hair are also used by the farmers for making ropes, rugs and blankets, but all these byproducts are not market...
Imtiaz Ahmad Qamar*, Maqsood Ahmad*, Gulshan Riaz* and Sartaj Khan*
PERFORMANCE OF SUMMER FORAGE LEGUMES AND THEIR RESIDUAL EFFECT ON SUBSEQUENT OAT CROP IN SUBTROPICAL SUBHUMID POTHWAR, PAKISTAN
...eas (Vigna unguiculata), rice beans (Vigna umbellata), lablab bean (Lablab purpureus) and cluster bean (Cymopsis tetragonoloba) with reference to a cereal fodder reference crop of millet (Pennisetum typhoides) and their residual effects on the succeeding oat crop at the National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan, under rainfed conditions without application of fertilizers in Randomized Complete Block Design. The highest dry matter yield was obt...
Naveed Jehan*, Khalid Mahmood Aujla**, Muhammad Shahzad*, Abid Hussain**, Muhammad Zahoor*, Majid Khan* and Ahmed Bilal*
USE OF MOBILE PHONES BY FARMING COMMUNITY AND ITS IMPACT ON VEGETABLE PRODUCTIVITY
...rmation about commodity prices in different markets. The farmers can get up-to-date information about various markets in different regions and can accordingly arrange transportation and labor services in time. The study was conducted to see the effect of timely information availability with mobile on productivity. The data was collected through well structured questionnaire by interviewing 60 farmers from district Charsadda. The data was analyzed through simpl...
Saima Rani*, Hassnain Shah*, Umar Farooq** and Bushra Rehman**
SUPPLY, DEMAND, AND POLICY ENVIRONMENT FOR PULSES IN PAKISTAN
...ealed that farm harvest prices, lagged area and good moisture availability at sowing time positively influence the area allocation decision of the farmers. But yield for mung and fertilizers price for both pulses were insignificant factors in influencing the farmers' decision to allocate land. Production of pluses mainly depends on area under the crop. Pulses area under irrigated conditions and sowing season rainfall positiv...
Muhammad Sharif*, Muhammad Azam Niazi*, Abdul Jabbar** and Sajida Taj***
FINANCIAL PROFITABILITY OF WHITE SUGAR PRODUCTION IN PAKISTAN
...s the sugarcane support price programme in the country. The present paper aimed at up-dating the financial profitability of white sugar on the basis of recent data in the country. The total cost of white sugar production was Rs. -1 50.11kg in Pakistan. The estimated financial profit of white sugar production -1 was Rs. 2.47 kg in the country in 2012-13. The estimated supply and demand of white sugar was worked out as 6.62 and 5.01 m t, respectively during the ...
Abid Hussain*, Khalid Mahmood Aujla* and Nouman Badar*
YIELD GAP DETERMINANTS FOR WHEAT PRODUCTION IN MAJOR IRRIGATED CROPPING ZONES OF PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
...opping, cotton-wheat and rice-wheat zones of the province, respectively. Ordinary least square regression analysis of wheat production by assuming Cobb-Douglas specification reveals that the number of irrigations, usage of farm yard manure and fertilizers contribute positively and significantly to wheat crop production. Coefficients of dummy variables for cropping zones indicate that farmers in the mixed cropping zone are obtaining better yield of the wheat cr...
Sajid Ali*, Quratulain Altaf** and Umar Farooq*
ACREAGE RESPONSE OF FLUE CURED VIRGINIA TOBACCO IN KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA
...FCV) tobacco to its own price and area under maize crop in three major FCV producing districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa i.e., Swabi, Mardan, and Charsadda. Data used in the study cover time series data for 1971-2011. The newly developed Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model for cointegration was used to estimate the short-run and long-run elasticities. The study found a long-run price elasticity of 0.33, thereby revealin...
Munir Ahmad*, Asif Ali Mirani**, Hafiz Sultan Mahmood**, Tanveer Ahmad** and Muhammad Azhar Saeed**
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF CROSS-FLOW RICE DRYERS
...A considerable amount of rice grains is wasted every year in Pakistan because of unavailability of postharvest drying and processing technologies. About 70% of the rice produced in the country is dried through sun heat. which is one of the major causes of reducing head rice recovery during the milling operation. Recently, cross-flow rice dryers have been...
Muhammad Sharif*, Muhammad Azam Niazi* and Abdul Jabbar**
SEAFOOD EXPORTS: CHALLENGES AND WAY FORWARD
...policies and low export prices of seafood are major challenges faced by fisheries sector of Pakistan. Sustainable conservation of marine resources, promotion of shrimp culture, enhancement of the fish processing for export, provision of adequate facilities at fish markets and formulation of sustainable fishing policies are ways forward for the sustainable development of seafood resources development in the country....
Nosheen Zahra*, Ghulam Sarwar* and Sher Muhammad**
COMPARISON OF GYPSUM AND POTASSIUM SILICATE FOR RECLAMATION OF SALINE SODIC SOIL
...tments were replicated thrice. All pots were arranged according to completely randomized design and treatments were applied to the soil according to treatment plan. Appropriate time was given to achieve the reclamation of saline sodic soil and relative efficiency was assessed through laboratory analysis. After this, rice seedling (Shaheen Basmati) was transplanted in all the pots i.e., 3 plants per pot. Necessary N, P and K ...
Usman Shakoor*, Abdul Saboor*, Irfan Baig*, Anila Afzal** and Abdul Rahman***
CLIMATE VARIABILITY IMPACTS ON RICE CROP PRODUCTION IN PAKISTAN
...cts of climate change on rice crop of Pakistan by employing Vector Auto Regression (VAR) model. Annual seasonal data of the climatic variables from 1980 to 2013 has been used. Results confirmed that rising mean maximum temperature would lead to reduction in rice production while increase in mean minimum temperature would be advantageous towards rice production. Variation in mean minimum te...
Muhammad Shahzad*, Ayesha Tahir**, Naveed Jehan*** and Muhammad Luqman*
IMPACT OF DIFFERENT PACKAGING TECHNOLOGIES ON POSTHARVEST LOSSES OF STONE FRUITS IN SWAT PAKISTAN
...ale and retail level by price differential method. Multiple regression analysis was employed to find relation between post-harvest losses and different factors at three different stages. Findings of the study revealed the channel of cardboard box technology accounted for post-harvest losses of 10.49% while at farm level, losses were 2.90%, at wholesale level 1.45% and retail level the losses were 6.14%. On the other hand post-harvest losses were 14.24% in wood...
Arshed Bashir*, Fatima Ahmad**, Irfan Mehmood*, Muhammad Qasim*, Mazher Abbas* and Sonila Hassan*
ECONOMICS OF RED MEAT PRODUCTION IN PUNJAB
...ranwala and Sialkot from rice-wheat zone and Chiniot and Faisalabad from mixed cropping zone) were selected for data collection and 76 red meat producers were interviewed. The results showed that commercial farms were dominated by cows while the small sized specialized farms were dominated by buffaloes. The mean age, sale price and live weight of sold buffaloes was 2.8 years, Rs. 64963.8 and 157 kg, respectively whereas for ...
Muhammad Akhter*, Muhammad Azhar Ali**, Zulqarnain Haider* and Shahzad Muzammil***
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHANGES IN GRAINS OF SOME ADVANCE LINES/ VARIETIES OF RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.) AFTER PARBOILING
...roved fragrant (Basmati) rice variety i.e., Basmati-2000, were used to assess interactive efficacy of parboiling on these varieties/lines and practical expediency of using standardized parboiling technique for improving nutritional, milling and cooking qualities of these lines/varieties. For this purpose, white milled and parboiled rice samples of ten lines/varieties were analyzed for nutritional quality parameters such as a...
Muhammad Arshad Ullah*, Nazir Hussain**, Helge Schmeisky*** and Muhammad Rasheed****
INOCULATION AND INTER-CROPPING OF LEGUMES IN ESTABLISHED GRASS FOR INCREASING BIOMASS OF FODDER
...ke low quality and high priced feed and fodder and limited chances of increasing area under fodders due to competition for food crops. Intercropping (33%, 50% and 67%) of Panicum maximum grass and legumes (Vicia sativa and cowpeas) coupled with inoculation was studied under rainfed conditions at National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC) Islamabad, Pakistan. Intercropping significantly increased tillering of grass. Seed inoculation of legumes also gave maxim...
Anum Fatima*, Saleem Abid* and Sobia Naheed*
TRENDS IN WHOLESALE PRICES OF ONION AND POTATO IN MAJOR MARKETS OF PAKISTAN: A TIME SERIES ANALYSIS
...the trends in wholesale prices of onion and potato in the major markets (Lahore, Hyderabad, Peshawar and Quetta) of Pakistan. Time series data about annual average wholesale prices of onion and potato were collected from 1981-82 to 2011-2012. Major findings of the study revealed that wholesale prices of onion and potato were increased with time. Results revealed that wholesale p
Khalid Mahmood Aujla* and Abid Hussain*
ECONOMICS OF MILK PRODUCTION OF MAJOR DAIRY BUFFALO BREEDS BY AGRO-ECOLOGICAL ZONES IN PAKISTAN
... selected from mixed and rice-wheat cropping zones of Punjab and Sindh provinces, mixed cropping zone of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) province, coastal zone of Sindh and mountainousAJK. Of these, 155 and 64 were Nili-Ravi and Kundhi buffalo breed farmers, respectively. The study revealed that among the structure of cost components, feed cost occupied the major share in total cost of milk production. Milk production of buffaloes of Nili-Ravi and Kundhi breeds were ...
Muhammad Qasim*, Sonila Hassan*, Arshed Bashir*, Hafiz Zahid Mahmood** and Irfan Mehmood*
ANALYZING PRODUCTION POTENTIAL OF SELECTED FOOD AND LEGUME CROPS FOR FOOD SECURITY IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
...ed for wheat, sugarcane, rice, mung and gram since 1980-81. The semi-log trend function was employed to find out the growth rate of selected commodities. The findings of the study showed the positive growth rates of area, production and yield of all selected food grain and legume crops. The estimated co-efficient for all growth models (area, production and yield) of selected commodities were statistically highly significant at 1% level except yield of gram whi...
Amjad Pervez*, Syed Muzaffar Ahmed*, Akhlaq Ahmad** and Qazi Mehmood Ali**
EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT FOOD GRAINS AS BAITS FOR MANAGEMENT OF HYSTRIX INDICA
...food grains viz., wheat, rice, maize, black gram, sorghum and millet were offered in whole/crack form. Under no choice and choice tests, rice was the most preferred food, followed by wheat, maize and others. The present study suggested that rice in whole or cracked form alone or in combination with wheat can be applied as very palatable (32% and 27%, respectively) and cost effective grain ...
Nouman Badar*, Hina Fatima**, Abdul Jabbar*** and Muhammad Asif*
MAJOR FOOD CROPS PRODUCTION AND YIELD FORECAST IN PAKISTAN
...g ha , respectively. The rice (production -1 and yield) forecast for 2029-30 will be about 7176 thousand tons and 2630 kg ha , respectively. The maize (production and yield) forecast for 2029-30 will be about -1 5784 thousand tons and 6088 kg ha , respectively. In short, the production growth rate of wheat, rice and maize was higher in 2012....
Khurram Nawaz Saddozai*, Umme Rubab* and Abass Ullah Jan*
STOCHASTIC FRONTIER ANALYSIS OF MAIZE FARMERS IN AZAD JAMMU AND KASHMIR, PAKISTAN
...ded that the high input prices may be levelled off by the regulatory authorities so that farmers can apply the required crop inputs such as DAP and urea in study area. ...
Umar Ijaz Ahmed*, Liu Ying**, Muhammad Khalid Bashir***,
Muhammad Amjed Iqbal*, Muhammad Rizwan*, Muhammad Mazhar
Iqbal****, Muhammad Rafi Qamar***** and Aftab Nazeer******
SPATIAL PRICE TRANSMISSION IN PAKISTAN: THE CASE OF WHEAT AND RICE MARKETS
...nvestigates the spatial price transmission among major wheat and rice markets of Pakistan using their monthly retail prices. For analysis Vector Error Correction Model and Co-integration approach were employed. Results showed that wheat and rice market prices are integrated. Some markets have positive or negative trans...
Anwar Hussain* and Muhammad Rahman**
ROLE OF TRAININGS ON FARMERS' PROFITABILITY OF MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS IN MOUNTAINOUS AREAS OF DISTRICT SWAT, KHYBER PUKHTUNKHWA
...e from MAPs, marketing, prices and quantities was collected through a structured questionnaire. The respondents were given training under Swiss Development Cooperation Project at the time of collection, harvesting, cleaning, drying, packing and marketing of MAPs. The overall findings revealed that the training had positive impact on farmers' revenue. If standardized, the MAPs collected, they can get fair prices for their pro...
Ahmed Fatima*
INCIDENCE OF POVERTY AND THE ROLE OF NON-FARM ACTIVITIES
...ic zones of the country (rice/wheat Punjab, mixed Punjab, cotton/wheat Punjab, low intensity Punjab, Barani Punjab, cotton/wheat Sindh, rice other Sindh, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan) were calculated for farming and non-farming households. The indices of poverty were also measured for households that only did farming, undertook farming and non-farm activities and those that did no farming in the various agro-climatic z...
Naheed Zahra*, Nadeem Akmal*, Sobia Naheed*, Nusrat Habib*, Sabeen Siddiqui* and Irum Raza*
TREND ANALYSIS OF RICE AREA AND YIELD IN PUNJAB
...timated the situation of rice regarding its area and yield in Punjab, the estimation is based on time series data from 1980 to 2011. On the basis of minimum errors of accuracy measure quadratic model was selected. The estimated results revealed that there is an increasing trend in the area and yield of rice in Punjab. The area of rice was 276800 ha in 2012 and would be 2934280 ha in 2016. ...
Imdad Ali Mahmood*, Arshad Ali**, Armghan Shahzad**, Muhammad Asif Masud Ghumman***, Muhammad Arshad Ullah**, Tariq Sultan** and Badar-u-Zaman**
CROP RESIDUES AND PHOSPHORUS EFFECT ON YIELD AND ECONOMICS OF DIRECT SEEDED RICE AND WHEAT GROWN UNDER SALINE-SODIC SOIL
...nducted on direct seeded rice and wheat for two consecutive years at Soil Salinity Research Institute (SSRI) Farm, Pindi Bhattian, Pakistan to investigate the yield and economics of direct seeded rice and wheat under crop residue incorporation and phosphorus applications. Split plot design (crop residue in main plots and P application in sub plots) was followed with three replications. Biomass yields were collected at maturi...
Azhar Usman Ali*, Ghulam Sarwar*, Muhammad Aftab* and Sher Muhammad**
EFFECT OF SOIL AND FOLIAR APPLIED COPPER ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.)
...tments were replicated thrice. All the pots were arranged using completely randomized design. Soil application of copper was done before sowing wheat seeds. Seeds of wheat (Lasani-2000) were sown and 3 plants were maintained in each pot after germination. Foliar application of copper was done at booting and tillering stage. At maturity, data regarding different yield components were noted and wheat plants were harvested. Grain yield and total biomass was also ...
Khalid Mahmood Aujla* and Abid Hussain*
MARKETING SYSTEM OF LIVE CAMELS IN THE DESERT ECOLOGIES OF PAKISTAN
...vely, with average sale prices of Rs.102523, Rs.84643, Rs.57800, Rs.43215 and Rs.45833, respectively. The camel markets are generally located far away from the villages. High marketing costs and lack of proper market infrastructure/facilities compel farmers to sell camels at village level to the village dealers and fellow farmers at relatively low prices. Percent difference in prices at wh...
Muhammad Mansoor*, Noman Latif*, Zafar Islam**, Sher Muhammad**, Amanullah* and Muhammad Umair***
IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF SOIL AMENDMENTS ON SOIL CAPPING IN MUNGBEAN PRODUCTION USING CENTRAL PIVOT IRRIGATION SYSTEM IN CLAYEY SOILS
...ock design, replicated thrice. Mungbean (Vigna radiata L ) variety “Dera Mung” was used as test crop. Soil amendments were carried out through pure sand and farm yard manure (FYM) in equal proportions and in three different application rates viz., 60:60, -1 45:45 and 30:30 kg plot and an un-amended soil plot was kept as control. The size of each plot was 4m x 3m. The results depicted that parameters such as number of branches per plant, number of p...
Waqar Akhtar*, Muhammad Sharif**, Abdul Hayee Qureshi*, Khalid Mahmood Aujla*** and Muhammad Azeem Khan*
COMPETITIVENESS OF TOMATO PRODUCTION IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
... by using import parity price. Results of PAM model revealed that tomato production in both regions of Punjab has competitiveness under prevailing market situation as indicated by positive private profitability and private cost ratio (PCR) which is less than 1. Competitiveness difference in two regions indicated that Central Punjab has more competitiveness at farm level in tomato production. Economic efficiency results i.e. Domestic Resource Cost (DRC) ratio r...
Muhammad Nisar Khan*, Hassnain Shah*, Saqib Shakeel Abbasi and Abid Hussain*
FARMERS PERCEPTION TOWARDS THE APPLICATION OF BIOZOTE IN SELECTED DEMONSTRATED RICE FIELDS AT HAFIZABAD AND SHEIKHUPURA DISTRICTS
.... Biozote application in rice crop was demonstrated at farmers' fields in Hafizabad and Sheikhupura districts under the project “Improving Soil Fertility and Soil Health in Pakistan”. The present paper aimed to assess the performance of biozote on rice and is based on perceptions of farmers involved in on-farm demonstration trials. Four different treatments on each selected plot were carried out for demonstration...
Ishaq Ahmad*, Abdul Rehman**, Ehsan –Ul- Haq*** and Arif Mahmood****
RESISTANCE RESPONSE OF RICE ( L.) GERMPLASM AGAINST RICE LEAF FOLDER ( G.) UNDER GREENHOUSE CONDITION IN PAKISTAN
... is a key insect pest of rice crop and distributed all over the rice growing areas of the world including Pakistan. The infestation of rice leaf folder often appears very suddenly resulting in huge yield losses. Host plant resistance is an important component of IPM. It is easy to use, viable, durable, effective and long term method as compared to any other control measure. It was imperati...
Mehwish Kiran*, Muhammad Saleem Jilani*, Kashif Waseem*
and Muhammad Sohail**
EFFECT OF ORGANIC MANURES AND INORGANIC FERTILIZERS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF RADISH ( L)
... treatments replicated thrice. The treatments included control, farm yard manure (FYM) @ 25 t ha , poultry manure (PM) @ 10 t ha , goat manure (GM) @ 15 t ha , press mud (PrM) @ 20 t ha , sewage sludge (SS) @ 20 t ha and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium (NPK) @ 120-65-100 kg ha . Data on leaf plant , leaf length (cm), fresh leaf weight plant (g), dry leaf weight plant (g), root length (cm), root diameter (cm), fresh root weight plant (g), dry root weight plant ...
Shafique Qadir Memon* , Nadeem Amjad** and Riaz Ahmed Dayo***
INVESTIGATION ENERGY AND ECONOMICS ANALYSIS OF MAIZE PRODUCATION
...atments and replicated thrice were used in this study, fertilizers were evaluated on the basis of yield, input/output energy of maize crop. NPK had the maximum output energy gain as compared to cow manure and control treatment gave the lowest output energy. Cow manure used high energy as compared to NPK and control. The results further revealed that other NPK fertilizer treatments were affected by the high input costs thus maximum benefits were achieved. It is...
Muhammad Nawaz*, Anwar Javaid Wahla*, Muhammad Saleem Kashif*, Masood Qadir Waqar**, Muhammad Anjum Ali*** and Asim Raza Chadhar****
EFFECTS OF EXOGENOUS NITROGEN LEVELS ON THE YIELD OF RICE GRAIN IN SHEIKHUPURA, PAKISTAN
...se cultivars. The coarse rice cultivars are the non-basmati rice cultivars having no fragrance. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design in factorial arrangement. The experiment consisted of three nitrogen rates viz. 85, 170 and 255 kg ha , and two rice cultivars viz. KSK- 133 and KS-282. Both these rice cultivars are widely grown ...
Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1,2,*, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza2, Muhammad Afzal2,Hafiz Salah-ud-Din2, Imtiaz Sarwar2, Muhammad Yahya2 and Khurram Shehzad3
... guava, lychee orchards, rice-wheat crop) lands on soil macroinvertebrate fauna. Random sampling was done in winter 2015 and summer 2016 using monoliths and pitfall traps. Results revealed that land-used types exert a differential impact on the diversity and population abundance of macrofaunal communities. Highest indices of macroinvertebrate diversity, richness and evenness were exhibited by Lychee (2.39, 12.00 and 1.00, respectively) among cultivated and gra...
Amjad Ali1, Rajan Shrestha2, Ghaffar Ali1, Irfan Ullah1 and Salman Khan1
...policy of setting right price for output to increase net return and per unit yield. ...
Amjad Ali1, Rajan Shrestha2, Ghaffar Ali1, Irfan Ullah1 and Salman Khan1
...policy of setting right price for output to increase net return and per unit yield. ...
Leila A. Kaimbayeva1,*, Elena S. Malysheva2, Rashit Kazikhanov3 and Saule R. Kazikhanova4
... were collected from quadriceps of 2.5-4 years old female red deer, immediately processed for isolation of muscular fibers and were evaluated for the pH, water-binding power, activities of tissue enzymes and microstructure changes. The results of chemical analysis revealed the nature of protein substances, altered рН value of the meat and the intensity of glycolysis. All these parameters were indicative of autolysis process in the meat. The levels ...
Mohammad Javad Golmohammadi1, Hamid Reza Mohammaddoust Chamanabad1*, Bijan Yaghoubi2 and Mostafa Oveisi3
...s in the paddy fields is rice postharvest weed management until land preparation for re-cultivation. In order to determine the frequency and relative cover (RC), the samples were collected from 481 fields during the growing season and 255 fields after harvesting rice in Guilan province (Iran) from 2014 to 2016 (from April to March of each year) based on the method of Thomas by throwing 0.5m × 0.5m quadrat to count exis...
Urooba Pervaiz1, Abdus Salam1, Dawood Jan2, Ayesha Khan1 and Mahmood Iqbal1
...commendations were high price of agricultural inputs, non-availability of; cold storage, agricultural credit and certified vegetable seeds, lack of fertilizers and technical knowledge, pest and diseases incidence, improper marketing of produce in the study area. ...
Abdur Rehman1*, Wang Jian2, Noor Khan3 and Raheel Saqib3
...">Chinese farmers faced price volatility risk of major agricultural crops. The main purpose of this article is to compute and determine exactly the sizes and degrees of major crops market risk. The market risk analysis of major crops such as coarse grain rice, wheat, corn, cotton and soybean are determined using the VaR (Value at Risk) model. The practical consequences indicated that the normal distribution model is not appr...
Zakirullah Jan1, Shamsher Ali1*, Tariq Sultan2, Muhammad Jamal Khan1, Zahir Shah1 and Farmanullah Khan1
...ains of cyanobacteria on rice crop growth and nutrients uptake under saline soil condition at National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), Islamabad Pakistan during summer 2016. A total of 18 experimental pots were induced with salinity of 7.0 dS m-1 and arranged in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. Six treatments consisted of a control (no strains) and 5 different strains of cyanobacteria i.e Oscillatory-MMF-1 (Oscillatoria princeps...
Saima Rani*, Hassnian Shah, Nusrat Habib and Muhammad Azeem Khan
...llingness to pay a high price for organic vegetables by using consumer preferences data by primary sources from Islamabad in Pakistan. The determinants of willingness to pay of consumers estimated by using the probit model. The model contains the information of socioeconomic characteristics, awareness and preferences of organic vegetables and product attributes. The empirical findings indicate that age, employment status, income, education, number of child...
Muhammad Shahbaz1,*, Muhammad Anwar Iqbal1, Arshad Javid2, Abu ul Hassan Faiz1, Irfan3 and Muhammad Irshad Arshad4
...erature.
...
Muhammad Ismaeel1,2*, Syed Mehar Ali Shah1, Aziz Ur Rahman1 and Mian Ahmad Raza1
...y and heterosis among 30 rice genotypes for yield and related parameters at The University of Agriculture Peshawar-Pakistan, during 2011. Thirty rice genotypes including 14 parents and 16 F1 hybrids were replicated twice in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). Rice genotypes reflected significant differences (P≤0.01) for all the traits. Among the rice
Gulnaz Malik1, Abdul Qadir1 and Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan2,*
...>
...
Shamsher Ali1*, Sarmad Khan1, Muhammad Jamal Khan2, Naveed ullah4, Muhammad Rashid3 and Wiqar Ahmad1
... two factors, repeated thrice. Wheat varieties were sown per pot randomly on 15th November, 2014 and grown for 3 weeks after emergence. Plants growth was observed for three weeks after emergence. Statistical analysis of the data showed that both soils and varieties significantly (p<0.05) affected per cent emergence and growth. Interactions between soils and varieties were significant (p <0.05) regarding emergence and plant heights. From the interactions ...
Qaisar Jamal1, Muhammad Idrees1, Saif Ullah2, Muhammad Adnan1, Farrah Zaidi1, Qaiser Zaman1,3 and Syed Basit Rasheed1,*
...mucosus, Spalerosophis atriceps, Xenochrophis piscator, Gloydius himalayanus, Bungarus caeruleus, Naja oxiana, Typhlops porrectus, Echis carinatus). Altitudinal distribution of reptiles shows that maximum diversity (26 species) has been observed at an altitude range of 550-1000 meters which decreased gradually reaching to occurrence of only four species at 2500-2900 meters above sea level. District Dir lower, primarily sub-tropical, was found more diverse ...
Syed Muhammad Hassan Raza1*, Syed Amer Mahmood1, Veraldo Liesenberg2 and Syed Shehzad Hassan1
...SB) is an insect pest of rice crop that may reduce rice yield about 20% due to the use of insecticide at inappropriate times and unsuitable locations following the crop calendar. The purpose of this research was to delineate the vulnerable zones for YSB attacks on rice crop using satellite thermal datasets. The area under investigation was 13700 km2 area out of which 8627 km2 was covered b...
Jahangir khan* and Abbas Ullah Jan
...ts are willing to pay a price premium of PKR. 14. Empirical findings reveal that socio-demographic characteristics like age, education and income have positive significant effects on households’ willingness to pay. Findings of the study also reveal a significant influence of employment status of the household’s head on WTP, whereas household’s size has a negative significant effect on willingness to pay for pesticides- free fruit. Findings of...
Mohammed Al Mahish*
...e demand for lettuce is price and income inelastic, and lettuce is a necessity good. The results of the supply model show that the supply of lettuce is price inelastic, and wage increase has a negative impact on lettuce supply. The total elasticities of wage show that an increase in wage increases price and reduces quantity. Furthermore, the paper shows that the reduction in producer surpl...
Muhammad Haroon Hullio1,4, Abdul Ghani Lanjar2, Abdul Rahman Dhuyo3, Imran Khattri4 and Agha Mushtaque Ahmed4*
...mportant insect pests of rice throughout the Asia. The recent abundance of pest in Pakistan is in ascending order that requires high attention. Therefore, this study was designed to observe the emerging suitation of WBPH in Sindh province which is the main stack holding area of rice. Three different ecological zones of Sindh province including Larkana, Jacobabad and Badin were selected. The study was based on a sample of 25 ...
Malik Muhammad Yousaf1*, Muhammad Zeshan1,2, Mumtaz Hussain1, Muhammad Mohsin Raza1, Muhammad Jahangir Shah1, Bashir Ahmed1 and Sabir Hussain Shah3
...tments were replicated thrice. Data were collected for growth parameters and yield contributing traits. It was observed that source of nitrogen has no significant difference on growth or yield while the N placement timing significantly affects these traits. Results showed that most efficient N placement timing is split dose of fertilizer at T3 (½ at 1st irrigation and ½ at flowering) for either urea or CAN fertilizer. ...
Muhammad Ishfaq1*, Nadeem Akbar1, Imran Khan1, Shakeel Ahmad Anjum1, Usman Zulfiqar1, Muhammad Ahmad1, Mumtaz Ahmad2 and Muhammad Umer Chattha1
...quality of direct seeded rice. Farmer field-based experiment comprised two soil moisture regimes at the time of sowing: (M1 = Sowing in moist (field capacity) condition, M2= Sowing in dry condition) in main plots, while three different row spacings (S1: broadcasting, (no defined row spacing) S2: 11.25 cm row spacing, S3: 22.50 cm row spacing) were assigned to sub-plots. The experimental results revealed that treatment S3 (22.50 cm row spacing) took minimum tim...
Iqbal Javed1*, Amar Razzaq2, Mudassar Yasin3, Muhammad Ali Imran4, Haroon Javaid5, Iftikhar Nabi6, Anum Sardar1 and Shahbaz Ahmad7
...kistan and Agricultural Price Institution, Islamabad, Pakistan. Nominal protection coefficient (NPC), revealed comparative advantage (RCA) and Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA) were estimated for the export of mutton to all existing international markets. According to the finding of the current study under hand internal markets are categorized into three categories of with high potential markets, low potential markets and markets with no potentia...
Nusrat Habib1*, Asim Zubair2 and Aisha Siddiqua3
...rea under sugarcane and price of sunflower seed, while positively related to the area under sunflower with the variables such as total operational holding, sunflower yield and sale price of sunflower. In case of determining yield of sunflower use of DAP and organic manure were significant and positively correlated. ...
Muhammad Abu Sufyan Ali, Syed Attaullah Shah*, Ghaffar Ali and Muhammad Fayaz
...eterminants of farmland prices in central Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Pakistan), using land transaction records for 2015-16. Results from Hedonic Pricing analysis show that location, environmental and agricultural characteristics of a farmland determine its price. Residential and commercial encroachment on fertile irrigated farmlands at urban fringe is alarming. More than half of the sampled transacted farmland parcels were used for...
Sajad Ali1*, Syed Asghar Ali Shah2, Jaffar Ali3, Muhammad Nadeem Iqbal4, Arshadullah Jadoon5 and Farmanullah6
...s producers availed the price discrepancy at different stage, and the remaining of 18 percent have not gained profit from their prevailing price deviation, as at premature stage the pea’s producers sold their output. The farmers can got maximum share that is 68 percent of the user’s rupee tracked by the traders. The results showed that the seller got up to 23 percent having an average of about 18 percent of the b...
Abid Hussain1*, Muhammad Azeem Khan2, Muhammad Anjum Ali Buttar3, Umar Farooq4, Muhmmad Islam5 and Zahid Ullah Khan1
...rmers by reducing input prices through reduction in GST, providing cash subsidy and supplying inexpensive feed gas for fertilizer industry. Currently, cash subsidy on urea is costing Rs. 12 billion to national exchequer and total tax relief (all products inclusive) costing around Rs. 40 billion to the national exchequer, respectively. Thus, total financial implication of subsidy and tax relief is Rs. 52 billion. In the existing tax regime tax rates vary greatl...
Arshad Iqbal1*, Syed Mehar Ali Shah1, Hidayat ur Rahman1, Faiza Aman2 and Aziz-ur-Rahman1
...ance among F5:6 lines of rice for various morphological traits. Thirty-eight lines derived from F5 rice cross combinations along with their 8 parents were planted in a randomized complete block design (RCB) having three replications at The University of Agriculture, Peshawar during 2016 rice crop growing season. Data were taken on some of the morphological traits like number of days to hea...
Amjad Ali1, Abbas Ullah Jan1, Lal Almas2, Noor Piao Khan1 and Khurran Nawaz Saddozai1
...evel. Attractive output prices, timely payment and provision of quality extension services would help farmers to redirect their scarce resource allocation and reduce allocative inefficiency. ...
Ambrin Rajput*
...-1 of N:P:K replicated thrice with randomized complete block design respectively. The experimental soil was clay loam in texture. Application of N, P and K showed significant effect on chickpea growth and yield parameters. The maximum plant height (85.00 cm), pods plant-1 (43.8), seed index (455 g per 1000 grains), seed yield (1896.0 kg ha-1), total biomass (5205 kg ha-1), straw yield (31050 kg ha-1), protein (15.77%), shoot N, P and K (2.1, 0.3 and 1.3 %) con...
Tahira Jamil*1, Mohammad Asghar1, Fatma Husain1, Haq Nawaz Bhatti2
...substrates (wheat straw, rice straw, banana stalk) in SSF for 8 days. Among Pleurotus species (P. nebrodensis, P. sepidus, P. spodoecus), P. spodoecus expressed best statin formation i.e., 9.1±1.4 mg/g. Four physical parameters including temperature, pH, inoculums size and fermentation time (each at five levels) were optimized using central composite design (CCD) design in 30 triplicate experimental runs. The maximum s...
Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi1*, Ummad-ud-Din Umar1, Ammarah Hasnain2, Ateeq ur Rehman1 and Rashida Perveen1
...stating disease of paddy rice crop throughout the rice growing countries. Several commonly available plant decoctions were investigated as the bioactive eco-friendly compounds, and as the possible alternatives to hazardous chemicals for the control of BLB of rice. Aqueous extracts of fifteen different plant parts either individually or in combination were tested at various concentrations u...
Studies on amylase and lipase activity in fishes fed with diet containing different feed ingredients
Mirfa Murtaza1, Sajid Abdullah1, Wardah Hassan1*, Khalid Abbas1, Huma Naz1, Muhammad Anjum Zia2
Studies on amylase and lipase activity in fishes fed with diet containing different feed ingredients
...one aquarium were fed on rice polish and fish in second aquarium were fed on corn gluten @ 3 %
of their wet biomass for 70 days. Results showed that fish wet weight varied significantly between the rice polish and
corn gluten fed fishes. The corn gluten fed fish showed significantly better growth performance than fish fed with rice
polish. The activity of amylase and l...
of their wet biomass for 70 days. Results showed that fish wet weight varied significantly between the rice polish and
corn gluten fed fishes. The corn gluten fed fish showed significantly better growth performance than fish fed with rice
polish. The activity of amylase and l...
Haniya Mazhar1, Naaz Abbas2, Zahid Hussain3, Amir Sohail4, Syed Shahid Ali4*
Extracellular lipase production from Bacillus subtilis using agro-industrial waste and fruit peels
...l, wheat bran, oat bran, rice bran and sugar cane bagasse was 23.83, 12.17, 10.40 10.00 and 16.23 U/ml, respectively. The lipase production by B. subtilis using peels of different fruits, including banana, orange, water melon and melon as carbon source, was 27.17, 21.37, 10.57 and 8.43 U/ml, respectively. The corn cob produced 12.27 U/ml while waste oils of various industries produced 16.17 U/ml (Shan oil), 13.67 U/ml (automobile), 13.37 U/ml (unbranded waste ...
Mohsin Arshad1, Muhammad Irfan*2, Asad-Ur-Rehman1, Muhammad Nadeem3, Zile Huma3, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir4, Quratulain Syed3
Optimization of medium and substrate for CMCase production by Bacillus subtilis-BS06 in submerged fermentation and its applications in saccharification
...ne bagasse, wheat straw, rice husk, defatted
soybean meal, corn cobs and wheat bran were exploited for CMCase production
using different media (medium 1 (M1), medium II (M-II), medium III (M-III) &
medium IV (M-IV)).Of all these tested substrates, sugarcane bagasse was found to
be the most suitable substrate for CMCase production. The effect of shaking on the
production of CMCase demonstrated that sugarcane bagasse gave m...
soybean meal, corn cobs and wheat bran were exploited for CMCase production
using different media (medium 1 (M1), medium II (M-II), medium III (M-III) &
medium IV (M-IV)).Of all these tested substrates, sugarcane bagasse was found to
be the most suitable substrate for CMCase production. The effect of shaking on the
production of CMCase demonstrated that sugarcane bagasse gave m...
Muhammad Asghar1*, Mirza Muhammad Qadeer Baig1, Sanaullalh Chaudhary1 and Muhammad Anjum Ali2
...af spot (BLS) disease on rice crop by using different combinations of fungicide (difenoconazole) with various concentrations of sprayable formulations of macronutrients (NPK) was conducted during Kharif 2012 to 14 at Adaptive Research Farm, Gujranwala, Pakistan. The experiment was conducted on a promising basmati rice cultivars Super basmati in RCBD with three repeats. The spray of difenoconazole at rate of 315 mlha-1 + 500g...
Hina Abrar1,2, S.N.H. Naqvi1,*, Muhammad Rashid Ahmed3, Asma Basharat Ali3 and Hina Yasin1,2
...ension and oesophageal varices. The study was undertaken in rabbits to investigate the effect of propranolol to reduce hepatoxicity of carbamazepine (CBZ). Animals were divided into three groups; control, CBZ administered group (200 mg/Kg for 10 days) and CBZ plus propranolol (30 mg/Kg for 10 days) treated group. Liver function test and histological evaluation by H and E staining and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was carried at the end of dosing by using ...
Khush Bukhat Zahid1*, Ghaffar Ali2, Samina Sabir1 and Mohammad Fayaz2
...f major crops, including rice, wheat and maize, in specific districts of Pakistan. This is done by observing year-to-year fluctuations in rainfall and temperature in relation to agricultural productivity for the period 1981-2009. For estimation purposes, the production function technique is used to evaluate the relationship between climate and yield variability. The results show that higher amount of rainfall has a negative and significant impact on the produc...
Umair Talib1, Ijaz Ashraf2, Robert Agunga1 and Saleem Ashraf3*
Fouzia Tabssum1, Qamar uz Zaman2*, Yinglong Chen3,4, Umair Riaz5*, Waqas Ashraf6, Ambreen Aslam2, Nusrat Ehsan2, Rab Nawaz2, Humera Aziz7 and Shamim ul Sibtain Shah8
...ce salt tolerance of two rice cultivars with contrasting salt tolerance: Super basmati (salt susceptible) and Shaheen basmati (salt tolerant) in both nursery and field conditions. For pot experiment, salinity stress was imposed by applying 50 mM of NaCl solution to the soil daily for three continuing days, and applications of proline (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mM) was applied 25 DAS. For field experiment, the same cultivars were grown in a saline soil (EC = 5.05 d...
Amara Amjad Hashmi1,2,*, Maqbool Hussain Sial3, Waqar Akram4 and Maaida Hussain Hashmi5,6
...nse; it covers two food price hike periods (2007 and 2011). So, it is important to understand, how food insecurity status and nutrition are affected by these shocks during this period. Thus, we use nationally representative data called as Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) from 2005-2014. Pakistan Bureau of Statistics collects this data in five rounds; 2005-06, 2007-08, 2010-11, 2011-12, and 2013-14 comprised 81102 households. Results from the head...
Shumaila Nazeer1, Iqbal Javed1*, Allah Bakhsh2, Mudassar Yasin2, Haroon Javaid3 and Kaniz Fatima1
...t of international sale price was 0.003 that showed positive sign and highly significant. In case of factor affecting the kinnow exports to UAE, the coefficient of age of exporter is positive and highly significant. The coefficient of exporter`s experience is 178.961 that significantly affect the kinnow export of Pakistan. The coefficient of freight charges is -1945.897 that shows negative signs but highly significant. The coefficient of international sale p
Sabi-ur-rehman1, Farooq Azam1, Shaheed Ur Rehman2, Tasbeeh Ur Rahman3, Ayeza Mehmood4, Afshan Gohar5 and Abdul Samad5*
...castalagin, quercetin, myricetin and syringetin etc. The review expresses the ethanomedicinal potential of this plant specie as well as its importance in modern medicines. ...
Muhammad Waqas Imam Malik1, Khalid Usman1*, Tahir Amin1, Muhammad Riaz2, Zafar Iqbal3 and Fiaz Hussain1
...ock design, replicated thrice at the Agricultural Research Institute, Dera Ismail Khan. The experiment was conducted in 2016 using treatments irrigation intervals (10, 15, 20 and 25 days) and Bt cotton varieties (MNH-886, CRIS-342, and CRIS-134) as main- and sub-plots treatments, respectively. Total irrigation water used in irrigation treatments, 10, 15, 20, and 25 days intervals were 1125, 750, 560, and 450 mm, respectively. Each experimental unit was 10 &tim...
Syed Amjad Kamal Jan* and Naushad Khan
...e production per acre of rice and analyze the problems and constraints faced to rice grower in the study area. The universe of the study was Lower Dir District which consist of seven tehsil while on the basis of more production only two tehsils Balambat and Lalqila were purposively selected The total rice growers number in this district was37557, Balambat 6121 and Lalqila 5167which make to...
Najeeb Ullah1, Niamat Ullah Khan2*, Abdul Aziz Khakwani1, Muhammad Safdar Baloch1, Ejaz Ahmad Khan1, Farkhanda Khan3 and Zaki Ullah4
... split-plot replicated thrice. Sowing dates i.e. March 15, April 01, April 15, May 01, May 15, and June 01 were kept in main and cotton varieties (CIM-602, CIM-616) in sub-plots. Results showed that April 15 sowing produced highest bolls per plant, boll weight-g, seed cotton yield, staple length, strength and micronaire amongst the other sowing dates. Results further showed that CIM-602 ranked first in number of bolls/plant, weight per boll, seed cotton yield,...
Supply Response Analysis of Wheat Growers in District Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Farm Level Analysis
Farhan, Shahid Ali* and Syed Attaullah Shah
...of output supply to the price of wheat and land was positive and elastic. Output supply in response to wage rate was negative and inelastic. Output elasticity in response to fertilizer price was negative and elastic. Education has positive relation with the output supply but inelastic. Labor demand in response to output price, land and education was positive and elastic. Labor demand in re...
Ali Awais, Charassri Nualsri and Watcharin Soonsuwon*
...bility of the two upland rice genotypes Dawk Pa-yawm (white rice) and Dawk Kha 50 (red rice), in Thailand. Seeds of the potential genotypes has been treated with varying EMS concentrations. With the increase in concentration, there was a continuous decrease in germination, shoot and root lengths respectively. Data have been subjected to regression analysis and effective doses of EMS were r...
Zhen-Yang Wu1, Guang-Xin E2,*, Hui Ran1, Da-Hui Wang1 and Tian-You Yang1
...migration.
...
Dilshad Ahmad1* and Muhammad Afzal2
...imperfections regarding prices of cotton output and inputs and provision of adequate formal credit to use advance mechanization to increase cultivated area and rising productivity of the cotton crop. Application of adequate advanced technology and familiarity of expertise in farming practices can overcome inefficiencies in both districts with cultivating varieties of Bt and Non-Bt cottonseed. ...
Irfan Ullah*, Abbas Ullah Jan, Muhammad Fayaz, Amjad Ali and Atta Ullah Shah
...conomic factors such as prices and income. Linear Approximate Almost Ideal Demand System (LA/AIDS) model is used to estimate food demand patterns using the Household Integrated Economic Survey part of Pakistan Social and Living Standard Measurement for the year 2011-12. Fourteen food groups as per HIES including milk, meat, fruits, sugar, vegetables, beverages, wheat and wheat flour, rice, other cereals, pulses, oil and fats...
Muhamamd Naeem1 and Murad Khan2*
...ost, lighting cost, the price of day old chicks, breeding cost, medication and vaccination cost. These costs were high in the winter season than the summer season. The mortality rates were also high in the winter season. The lighting cost was comparatively less in summer season. Broiler and breeding cost was also low. The consumption of breeding was less and the price of broiler was low in the summer season as compared to wi...
Abdul Khaliq1, Muhammad Irfan Ullah1,*, Muhammad Afzal1, Akhlaq Ahmad2 and Yasir Iftikhar3
...compared to others as in rice weevil. Nicotiana tabacum (L.) and Calotropis procera (Aiton) oil both at 15% were most lethal to LGB, weevil and red flour beetle after 72hours following by effect of Datura stramonium (L.) and Eucalyptus camaldulensis (Dehnh) with respect to control. Similar response was noted at 10% concentrations of all plants but E. Camaldulensis (5%) was least effective against all insects after control. Re...
Javed Asghar Tariq1*, Bashir Ahmed2, Manzoor Ali Abro2, Muhammad Ismail1, Muhammad Usman Asif1 and Raza Muhammad1
...tagonistic bacteria from rice crop. For this purpose, soil was collected from rice growing areas of Tando Jam. The isolation from rhizospheric soil was done by dilution plate technique. Among isolated isolates, 6 representative colonies were purified, multiplied and characterized using light microscopy and other biochemical tests. The bacteria were tentatively identified as Pseudomonas, Streptomyces, Bacillus and Micrococus....
Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi*
...terial blight disease of rice, caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, in rice producing areas. This article comprehensively reviews the etiology, symptomatology, pathogen biology, disease development, disease cycle, epidemics and epidemiology, geographical distribution and strategies for the disease management viz., exploitation of host plant resistance, cultural, physical, chemical and biological control. Studies on patho...
Aziz Ur Rahman* and Syed Mehar Ali Shah
... yield related traits in rice. The genetic material comprised 87 rice F5:7 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) along with three check cultivars namely Pakhal, Kashmir Basmati and Fakhr-e-Malakand. The genetic material was planted in alpha lattice design using three replications across different locations namely Peshawar, Swat, Manshera and Charsadda of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan during 2017. Pooled analysis of v...
Kubra Siddique*, Ghaffar Ali, Irfan Ullah, Atta Ullah Shah and Muhammad Fayaz
...enditure, own and cross price elasticities of meat in Pakistan. Working-lesser model is used to estimate elasticities using cross-sectional data from Household Integrated Economic Survey of Pakistan for the year 2013-14. Economic factors such as food commodities prices, households’ income and their socioeconomic characteristics are included in the model. The results reveal that on the average, households in rural regio...
Qiuxia Lei1, 2, Haixia Han1, 2, Jinbo Gao1, 2, Yan Zhou1, 2, Wei Liu1, 2, Chunlei Wang3, Jie Liu1, 2, Dingguo Cao1, 2, Huimin Li1 , Baohua Huang1,* and Fuwei Li1, 2, *
...ltry litter, sawdust and rice husk were mixed in equal quantities by volume. One was treated with a single strain of Bacillus; another was treated with a consortium of bacteria comprising several species; and the third kept as the control without adding any bacteria. The results showed that decomposition started earlier in the treated batches than in the control group. During the fermentation period, there was no influence between the internal temperatu...
Zara Ahmad1*, Fazli Rabbi2, Muhammad Zamin3, Bushra Kiran2, Tariq Shah2 and Shahzad Kouser4
...uard fetches 66% higher price in the market than on-season bitter guard. The analysis also revealed that the cost of pesticides is 43% higher for on-season bitter gourd production than the off-season. The findings also indicate that the cost of fertilisers for the on-season crop was 14% less than the cost of the off-season. On the contrary, the cost of irrigation was 71% higher during on-season than the cost of irrigation in the off-season. Similarly, the cost...
Muhammad Waqas, Shahid Ali*, Syed Attaullah Shah and Ghaffar Ali
...on in response to wheat price were 0.447 and - 0.116, respectively and statistically significant. Long and short run elasticities due to chick pea price were - 0.19 and - 0.15, respectively and statistically significant. Long and short run elasticities in response to area under unirrigated wheat were 1.10 and 1.79, respectively and statistically insignificant. Elasticity of unirrigated wheat production in response to minimum...
Syed Muhammad Hassan Raza1*, Syed Amer Mahmood1, Syeeda Areeba Gillani1, Syed Shehzad Hassan1, Muneeb Aamir1, Muhammad Saifullah1, Mubashar Basheer1, Atif Ahmad1, Saif-ul-Rehman2 and Tariq Ali1
...nnual NDVI and RVI based rice yields were compared with CRS based yield records by applying linear regression and generated yield equations. Rice area was estimated using satellite datasets of 11-years by applying supervised classification to 15 bands composite. The satellite extracted areas under rice cultivation, were compared with CRS reported areas by applying linear regression and gen...
Mustasim Famous*, Obaidul Islam, Shameema Khatun, Mohammed Mustafizur Rahman and Tania Ferdoushi
... marketing age, weight, price of turkey. Among 6 farms only 66% of farms maintain a common vaccination schedule, other farms use only new-castle disease vaccine. Most of the turkey farmers rear turkey in small scale semi-intensive system (50%) was generally practiced by the rural farmers. They have very little idea about breed and variety of turkey and prevention of diseases of turkey. But farmers have very little knowledge about turkey management procedure. T...
Mahdi Khojastekey1, Majid Kalantar1, Jam Zaheer Ahmed2, Samiullah Khan3, Muhammad Altaf Hussain4, Rajwali Khan5 and Sayed Haidar Abbas Raza6*
... the herd, based on the prices in the market in years 2013 and 2019, increased 18.36 and 45.52 dollars/ewe, respectively. The results of this study showed that zandi ewes have a good function in accelerated lambing system due to their specific physiological characteristics. According to the current conditions of Iranian economy, using this method to increase livestock profit is quite cost effective.
... 
Khalid Khan1*, Hazrat Yousaf1, Noor Mohammad1, Munir Khan1 and Do Thi Thao2
...of money supply on food prices in China. It investigates the time series data from 1995 to 2018 by employing Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) technique. Empirical results indicate that money supply has a significant and positive impact on food prices, as food prices are unswervingly linked to food security, real disposable income of households’and food production. The results of...
Matiullah Khan1*, Motsim Billah2, Shoaib Ahmad1, Raza Ullah Khan1 and Muhammad Sarwar1
...ntent of 5.42 mg kg-1and rice-plant P uptake (17.50 kg ha-1) were also recorded in the treatment PECat 6 Mg ha-1 as compared to other treatments. The residual effects of PEC applied at the rate of 6 Mg ha-was superior by producing 36.2%, 14.2% and 7.0%increased grain yields over those of control, PLC and SSP, respectively. The post-harvest soil extractable P value and plant P uptake were significantly higher in the treatment where PEC was applied to the previo...
Muhammad Abdul Rahman1*, Abdul Saboor1, Gulnaz Hameed1, Ghulam Bilal2 and Farooq Tanwir3
...nd large farmers. Input price mechanism, regularization of dairy sector, separate policy measures for meat and dairy animals and preservation of local breeds are few optimistic policy options to safeguard Pakistan’s dairy production system from environmental factor under climate change. ...
Wajid Shah Yousafzai1, Irfan Ullah1*, Amjad Ali1, Mahmood Iqbal2 and Salman Khan1
...of inputs at reasonable prices and facilitation of growers in marketing of output, in order to enhance allocative efficiency of onion growers in the study area. ...
Muhammad Azam Niazi1* and Umar Farooq2
...on and output of Basmati rice. Supply response analysis was carried out to quantify the response of farmers to price and non-price factors. Most of the literature on supply response of crops in Pakistan has relied on the assumption that the data series used for analyses were stationary while most of time series are in fact trended. This makes the results of many earlier studies unreliable....
Jahangir Khan*, Syed Attaullah Shah, Khurram Nawaz Saddozai, Muhammad Fayaz, Shahid Ali, Abbas Ullah Jan and Ghaffar Ali
...ata on apple varieties, prices and quality attributes, such as color, size, shape, freshness and external defect. The data were analyzed using hedonic pricing model. Results show that Consumers have strong preferences for apple freshness, size, color and juiciness and their willingness to pay for these attributes are significantly greater than zero. On the basis of these findings the study recommends that apple growers should focus on best quality apple variet...
Sumaira Abbas1, Muhammad Sultan Haider2,*, Fatima Kafayet1, Sana Ashraf2, Atifa Masood3 and Moazma Batool4
...meal, sunflower meal and rice polish four treatment diets, T1, T2, T3, were prepared and citrus peel powder was added @ 200g, 400g and 600g/ 1000g, respectively. While fourth one, control diet (To) was without citrus peels. These is nitrogenous diets (30% protein) were offered to Carassius auratus juvenile having body weight 20±7.54g in powder form for 92 days. Weight gain, length gain and FCR were calc...
Urooba Pervaiz1*, Madeeha Iqbal1 and Dawood Jan2
...mall land holding, high prices of inputs, poor financial position and lack of labour in adoption of these recommendations. Half of the sample respondents reported satisfaction from different extension activities/facilities like location of extension office, availability of extension personal, result and method demonstration, farm/home visit and personal meetings. Whereas, the rest were not satisfied with radio programs, television programs, exhibitions, pamphl...
Roshan Ali1, Afsar Ali2, Shamsher Ali2, Muhammad Arshad Khan3*, Haroon Shahzad3, Noman Latif3, Muhammad Waheed4, Ashraf Khan5 and Murad Ali6
...eight and straw yield of rice crop revealed that there were non-significant (P>0.05) pair wise differences among the means of the treatments. The significant maximum biological yield (9299 kg ha-1), grain yield (3901 kg ha-1) and Harvest index (42 %) was obtained in T3 when silicon was applied at the rate of 100 kg ha-1. From these results, it can be concluded that the application of silicon @ 100 kg ha-1 was found the best for improving the
Fayyaz Hussain*, Raza Ullah Khan, Asim Hayat, Humair Ahmed and Ahmad Khan
...hosphorus (P) applied to rice at different growth stages.Phosphorus was applied in three interval i.e. at transplanting (0 DAT), 15 days after transplanting (15 DAT), and 25 days after transplanting (25 DAT), in addition to control (no P), and farmer fertilizer practice (FFP).Results show that mean paddy yield across both sites range from 2.972 to 4.334t ha-1, and maximum with P applied at 15 DAT, and contrarily the lowest with control treatment.Paddy yield in...
Hafrijal Syandri1*, Ainul Mardiah2, Azrita3 and Netti Aryani4
...ndonesia and has a high price in the markets. This study investigated the effect of stocking density on growth performance, body carcass composition and biometric indices of juvenile gurami sago in the synthetic sheet pond. Fish were stocked at densities of 10, 15 and 20 fish/m3 in synthetic sheet pond with three replicate. Fish were fed with commercial feed containing 29% crude protein and gross energy of 3,340.50 kkal/kg of feed and cultured for ...
Muhammad Akbar Ali Shah1, Gamze Özel2, Christophe Chesneau3, Muhammad Mohsin4, Farrukh Jamal5* and Muhammad Faheem Bhatti6
... the determinants of the rice production of Pakistan to improve the production and fulfill the increasing demand. The study conducted in district Lodhran (Punjab province) and 31 villages selected as samples randomly. Time series data collected from Crop Reporting Service (CRS) for the period of last 10 years (2005-2014) containing 516 cases and 14,964 observations. Two different multiple linear regression (MLR) models are applied to study the relationship bet...
Basharat Hussain Shah*, Farrukh Siyar Hamid, Shams ul Islam, Naveed Ahmed, Fayaz Ahmad, Noorullah Khan and Qamar uz Zaman.
...ld attributes in advance rice lines. For this purpose, fourteen elite rice lines namely Line-21, Line-25, Line-28, Line-31, Line-37, Line-46, Line-48, Line-50, Line-64, Line-73, Line-80, Line-128, Line-130 and Line-140 developed in the background of Basmati-385 by Department of Genetics, Hazara University Mansehra Pakistan were evaluated along with check variety Swat-1 for yield and yield components. Experiment was conducted...
Muhammad Bakhtiar Khan1 and Jangraiz Khan2*
...es in order to get best prices for the agricultural products and also provide food throughout the year. Growing vegetables in tunnel have been adopted by many farmers. However, growing off-season vegetables in tunnels entails added efforts and cost. Through this research study the economic analysis of Tunnel farming of off-season vegetables has been done for district Peshawar. Primary data was collected from eighty-four farmers who had grown off-season vegetab...
Asif Yaseen1, Muhammad Israr2*, Allah Bux Khan1, Ahsan Javed3, Nafees Ahmad4 and Zia Ullah5
...ogenous factors such as price expectation, delay of payment, trust in buyer, price fluctuation, and provision of farm services. ...
Saleem Ashraf1, Raheel Saqib2*, Zakaria Yousuf Hassan3, Muhammad Luqman4 and Abdur Rehman5
...ighbours (14.25%). High prices of inputs (84.3%), small lands (82.6%) and monopoly of the middleman (76%) were prominent factors limiting benefits as perceived by the respondents. Correlation analysis unveiled that most of constraints impeding growers’ benefits were inter-correlated. This implies that resolving one barrier could limit another. This study urges a need to regulate middleman in marketing system through legislation and government should deve...
Haidar Ali1*, Malik Muhammad Shafi1, Himayatullah Khan1 and Hamra Haidar2
...es due to the high sale price of vegetables grown on large area and more milk production. Similarly, in developed villages income from off-farm employment was more than underdeveloped villages. Because large number of family labors of small farmers were working on high paid jobs or employed else or self-employed and thus contributed a good amount to their family’s income. Firstly, for removing the barriers to the entry of the small farmers into the rural...
Jiao Qin,Qian-Qian Su and Quan-Sheng Liu*
...ont-size: small;">Lesser rice-field rat is one of major pests in eastern and southern Asia, causing considerable losses in rice, vegetables, and other crops. The more serious situation was that R. losea has developed high resistance to anticoagulants with repeated and long-term application of anticoagulant rodenticides in southern China. Fertility control is considered as an alternative strategy for management of this...
Syed Basit Rasheed*, Ahmad Yar, Farrah Zaidi and Qaisar Jamal
...oblongus and C. sericeus) and one species each of Cataglyphis (Ca. setipes), Lepisiota (L. frauenfeldi), Paratrechina (P. longicornis) and Polyrachis (Po. hauxwelli) while subfamily Dolichoderinae was represented by a single species i.e. Tapinoma melanocephalum. The current study reports one subfamily (Dolichoderinae) seven genera (Cataglyphis, Cremotogaster, Monomorium, Messor, Pheid...
Boxin Dou, Ying Liu*, Yumeng Liu, Lili Fan, Yongqiang Ma, and Yanguo Shi
...me (ACE) activity of the rice bran (RB) and comparison of its activity with selected commercial antihypertensive pharmaceutical. A new peptide with ACE inhibition properties was obtained by using alkaline protease to enzymatic hydrolysis of RB crude protein purified by ultrafiltration, size exclusion chromatography and RP-HPLC. Using consecutive chromatographic techniques successively, the acidic hydrolysates of RB proteins were fractionated and the new ACE in...
Muhammad Yahya1, Muhammad Afzal1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Imtiaz Sarwar1, Khurram Shehzad2, Muhammad Luqman3 and
Sher Muhammad Shahzad2
...i> sugarcane, fodder and rice-wheat fields, intercropped and non-intercropped citrus and guava orchards, natural grassland, bare land and wetland peripheries) using population abundance and dynamics of edaphic springtails (collembola) and mites (acari) as bioindicators. Using metallic soil corer (10 cm length and 10 cm diameter), extensive random soil sampling was carried out from selected localities in district Sargodha (Punjab, Pakistan) and soil microarthro...
Saima Asad1*, Irfan Ahmad Baig2, Abdul Saboor3 and Rashid Mahmood4
Arjumand Nizami1, Muhammad Zulfiqar2*, Jawad Ali1, Naushad Khan2 and Imran Sheikh3
...or the country. However, rice is a water intensive crop compared to other cereal crops. In view of climate change, water management for agriculture encompasses all technologies and practices leading to water productivity enhancement to address increasing irrigation water demand and declining water resources. One of such technology known as laser land leveling was introduced in Pakistan in 1980s. More recent introduction is of another water efficient technique ...
Amjad Ali1*, Lal Almas2, Syed Attaullah Shah1, Hina Fatima3 and Asim Khan1
... while fixing sugarcane price. Also, there is need to keep experienced farmers involved in sugarcane production, because of positive relationship between grower’s experience and technical efficiency. ...
Umar Hayat1, Khalid Khan2, Saima Liaqat3 and Guo Xiangyu4*
...ctors that determine the rice productivity in the district Nasirabad, Balochistan. In the rural areas of Pakistan, farmers do not utilize all available resources efficiently. Therefore, it leads to inefficient choices which subsequently affect the production. This study evaluated determinants of rice production in the district Nasirabad, Balochistan by employing Neo-Classical and Cobb-Douglas production functions. The findin...
Indigenous Soilless Substrate Compositions Affect Growth, Yield and Quality of Cut Antirrhinum majus
Aqsa Ahmad1, Iftikhar Ahmad1* and Malik Fiaz Hussain Ferdosi2
...ents) or coco-coir (CC), rice hulls (RH) and sugarcane pressmud (PM) were used. Seeds were sown in plastic plug trays containing CC, silt (soil extracted from canal) and PM (1:1:1; v/v/v) substrate for seedling development and transplanted at the two to four leaf stage into lily crates with the treatment substrates. Plants grown in substrates containing SD + PH + PM (experiment I) indicated that plants grown in these soilless compositions died before flowering...
Muhammad Usman Saleem, Nadeem Iqbal, Shawaiz Iqbal*, Usama Bin Khalid, Adila Iram, Muhammad Akhter, Tahir Latif and Tahir Hussain Awan
...in manually transplanted rice (TPR) have motivated researchers to develop alternated technology such as direct seeded rice (DSR). About 30% of total water used in rice cultivation is consumed for puddling of soil (land preparation) and transplanting operations. Physical properties of soils are deteriorating due to continued puddling over the decades, resulting in structural breakdown leads...
Khalid Khan* and Guo Xiangyu
... technical efficiency of rice production in Nasirabad, Balochistan. The results of the study vetoed all the hypotheses of technical efficiency. The results indicate that 42 percent of the rice producers are technically efficient and have significant potential for technical efficient rice production. Therefore, there is a great potential to increase the per acre productivity of a typical fa...
Iqbal Javed1, Abdur Rehman2*, Iftikhar Nabi3, Amar Razzaq4, Raheel Saqib5, Allah Bakhsh6, Muhammad Mohibullah7 and Muhammad Luqman8
... export value of basmati rice, there must be an effective strategy to control the inflation in Pakistan or at least need to make policy for minimizing the impact of inflation for the rice producers. If it is very difficult to control the inflation there must be subsidies for rice growers for inputs used in the basmati production. The high rates of inflation in trading partners have positiv...
Muhammad Medrar Hussain*, Asad Jan* and Sayyar Khan Kazi
...abiotic stress effecting rice productivity. Therefore, the current study was designed to know the role of OsTZF8 gene in conferring tolerance to drought stress. For this purpose, OsTZF8 gene was over-expressed in Oryza sativa subspecies indica variety Swat-1. Through Agrobacterium mediated transformation, OsTZF8 gene (pBIG-Ubi-OsTZF8) was successfully transferred to rice calli. From these rice...
Muhammad Abu Bakar Siddique1, Faisal Sohail Fateh2*, Zia-Ur-Rehman1 and Humayun Saleem1
...all over the world after rice, wheat and maize. Nutritionally potato is rich in vitamins (B1, B2 and B6), minerals (potassium, phosphorus and magnesium), pantothenic acid and riboflavin. Major potato producing districts in Punjab are Okara, Sahiwal, Kasur, Sialkot, Sheikhupura, Narowal, Lahore, Pakpattan, Jhang, TobeTek Singh and Gujranwala. Potato is attacked by a number of diseases including early blight of potato, black scurf disease of potato, stem canker ...
Naseem Zahra1* and Shajia Jabeen2
...squo;s population. Brown rice is unrefined, coarse and unpolished whole grain rice which is directly obtained by removing only husk. In Brown rice, the embryo may or may not be left undamaged depending upon the hulling process. Brown rice may become white rice when the bran layer is exposed of in the milling process. I...
Muhammad Raheel Faiz1, Ijaz Ashraf1, Haq Nawaz2, Muhammad Zubair3*, Muhammad Sajid Mahmood4, Sajid Hussain5 and Abdul Qadeer2
...e labour shortage, high prices of fertilizers and chemicals. The protection problems identified were lack of storage facilities for surplus vegetables, fluctuation in market price of vegetables and transportation problems. This indicated that the government should launch small credit schemes and should provide better marketing facilities to the farmers to ensure the sustainable production of vegetables in this area.
Samreen Fatima1*, Mudassir Uddin1
COMPARISON OF ASYMMETRIC GARCH MODELS WITH ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK FOR STOCK MARKETS PREDICTION, A CASE STUDY
...s of daily share
price for the period of 1st January, 2010 to 15th January 2016. This study compares the forecasting performance
and also investigates more volatile stock markets using Asymmetric GARCH (A-GARCH) models and non-parametric
method (Artificial Neural Networks). In the A-GARCH; EGARCH and PGARCH models are used. Firstly, suitable
Asymmetric GARCH (A-GARCH) model was developed for forecasting and investigating leverage ef...
price for the period of 1st January, 2010 to 15th January 2016. This study compares the forecasting performance
and also investigates more volatile stock markets using Asymmetric GARCH (A-GARCH) models and non-parametric
method (Artificial Neural Networks). In the A-GARCH; EGARCH and PGARCH models are used. Firstly, suitable
Asymmetric GARCH (A-GARCH) model was developed for forecasting and investigating leverage ef...
Hina Fatima1*, Sania Shaheen2, Lal Khan Almas3 and Sehrish Haroon4
Profit Efficiency among Transplanting and Direct Seeded Rice Producers (Case Study of Certain Rice Growing Areas of Province Punjab, Pakistan)
...ficiency of transplanted rice production (TRP) and direct seeded rice system (DRS) is gaining greater attention in Pakistan. Profit efficiencies of TRP and DRS are estimated with data from farmers belonging to various districts of Punjab. Gujranwala, Hafizabad, Sheikhupura, Jhang and Sialkot are the major rice producing areas of Punjab. The primary data is collected from the above mentione...
Muhammad Irfan*, Saeed Gul*, Mohammad Younas*
SOLAR STILL PERFORMANCE FOR SEA WATER PURIFICATION: A STATISTICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
...den rise of fossil fuel prices and its scarce resources have caused the energy crises for the past few years. Current research has been focused primarily using renewable source of energy. The solar energy has been proved to be an economical alternative renewable energy used to extract the fresh water from sea water. The principle objective of the study is to purify the sea water by using solar energy. A pilot scale solar still has been desi...
Muhammad Tahir Manzoor*, Javed Iqbal*, Mohammad Inayatullah Babar*, Zeeshan Sabir* Khizar Azam*
MULTI HOP CLUSTER DESIGN IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
...different performance matrices of the WSN by increasing the size of cluster up to four hops and then compared the results with the network having a cluster with small number of hops....
Shakir Azim1*, Sahar Noor1, Rehman Akhtar1, Qazi Salman Khalid1, Tufail Habib1, Usman Ghani2
SETTING OF PROCESS PARAMETERS AND EFFECT OF MOULD QUALITY ON SURFACE ROUGHNESS OF PHARMACEUTICAL CUP OF POLYPROPYLENE
...lastic items are low in price, light in weight and quick for shape framing, along these lines making them more in vogue than the metallic products. As a result of mounting plastics applications, growing customer increased, the quality prerequisites of injection molded items have turned out to be progressively extreme. The setting and optimization of key process parameters are acknowledged as important means to deal with liven up the quality...
Muhammad Rizwan1*, Bilal Atta1, Ana Maria Marino de Remes Lenicov2, Roxana Mariani2, Arshed Makhdoom Sabir1, Muhammad Tahir3, Misbah Rizwan4, Muhammad Sabar1, Ch. Muhammad Rafique1, Muhammad Afzal5
...ld for producing Basmati rice). Planthoppers are considered the most important pests of rice. Delphacidae and Cixiidae are families of planthoppers with the most harmful species. Delphacids are primarily vector of the viruses, whereas Cixiids are vectors of phytoplasmas, mycoplasmas and prokaryotes-like associated to the class Mollicutes. Specimens of planthoppers were collected from the rice<...
Tehmina Aslam, Shagufta Saeed*, Muhammed Tayyab, Huma Mujahid, Ali Raza Awan, Sehrish Firyal and AbuSaeed Hashmi
... wastes like wheat bran, rice polishing and molasses for the synthesis of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) by Azotobacter vinelandii. The optimization of different carbon sources and various physical parameters was also performed. Highest yield of PHB was obtained by fermentation of 4% (w/v) wheat bran after 48 h of incubation with 4% (v/v) inoculum volume at pH 7.0 and 37oC. Among different nitrogen sources tested, 0.2% peptone gave the better yiel...
Amar Iqbal Saqib1, Khalil Ahmed1*, Abdul Rasul Naseem1, Ghulam Qadir1, Muhammad Qaisar Nawaz1, Muhammad Khalid2, Imtiaz Ahmad Warraich3 and Muhammad Arif4
...acid (HA) with gypsum on rice-wheat crops under saline-sodic condition (ECe = 4.71 dS m-1, SAR = 31.82, pHs = 9.10). Different combinations of gypsum and humic acid tested were: T1 - control, T2 - gypsum @ 100 % GR, T3 - gypsum @ 75 % GR+ HA @ 15 kg ha-1, T4 - gypsum @ 75 % GR+ HA @ 30 kg ha-1, T5 - gypsum @ 50 % GR+ HA @ 15 kg ha-1, T6 - gypsum @ 50 % GR+ HA @ 30 kg ha-1. Yield data of each crop was documented at maturity. Results showed that growth and yield...
Khalil Ahmed1*, Amar Iqbal Saqib1, Abdul Rasul Naseem1, Ghulam Qadir1, Muhammad Qaisar Nawaz1, Muhammad Khalid2, Imtiaz Ahmad Warraich3 and Muhammad Arif4
Use of Hyacinth Compost in Salt-Affected Soils
...yield characteristics of rice and wheat crops, however at the same time use of gypsum and hyacinth compost in combination proved more superior to their sole application. Hyacinth compost @ 10 and 15 t ha-1 with gypsum @ 50 % of GR performed equally in all studied parameters of rice and wheat crops and soil properties. Therefore, integrated use of gypsum @ 50 % of GR + hyacinth compost @ 10 t ha-1, seem as economical and a po...
Olugbenga Omotayo Alabi1*, Ayoola Olugbenga Oladele2 and Ibrahim Maharazu3
Profitability Analysis and Marketing Efficiency of Soyabean (Glycine max) Value Chain among Actors in Abuja, Nigeria
...f soyabeans were: sales price instability, high cost of transportation, storage problems, lack of credit facilities, and bad road infrastructures. The retained components observed explained 93.24% of the variations in the component retained in the principal component model. The study recommends that marketers should develop new marketing strategies that will increase their profit margin. The sales price instability as a resu...
Murtaza, Shahid Ali*, Syed Attaullah Shah, Mehran Ahmad, Irfan Ullah and Jahangir Khan
Adoption of Hybrid Maize Technology in District Mardan of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
...ers with the subsidized prices of hybrid maize technology and provide them both the informal and formal education considering it as their basic necessity and right....
Inam Ullah1, Mahfooz Khan2*, Munir Khan2, Himayatullah Khan2 and Azra3
Factors Affecting Different Wheat Varieties Yield in District Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan: A Comparative Analysis
... inputs due to its high prices/lack of availability of irrigation water. It is recommended that respondents should be encouraged to get training from the concerned Agricultural Research Centre in order to apply the recommended amount of inputs. The government should also provide inputs on subsidized rates and make irrigation water available through initiating different projects....
Dilshad Ahmad1* and Muhammad Afzal2
An Empirical Analysis of Economic Efficiency and Farm Size of Cotton Farmers
...nism for consistency in prices of crop inputs and outputs. It is essential to increase managerial competencies among farmers through increasing literacy, sufficient access of extension services, familiarity and infusion of advanced mechanisation and adequate access of formal credit through implementing adequate policy measures by concerned authorities of the state....
Mohammad Javad Golmohammadi1, Hamid Reza Mohammaddoust Chamanabad1*, Bijan Yaghoubi2 and Mostafa Oveisi3
GIS Applications in Surveying and Mapping of Rice Weeds in Guilan Province, Iran
...study was carried out in rice farms of Guilan province for mapping and weed distribution using Geographic Information System (GIS) technologies for a period of three years (2014-2016). Echinochloa crussgalli was the more important species in 10 regions of Guilan province. The Langarud and Rudsar regions each with 47 species and Anzali and Shaft with 25 species (with 71.2 and 37.9 percent, respectively) had the highest and lowest species diversities, species di...
Yasir Arafat1*, Syeda Nabahat2, Hafiz Ullah3, Afaq Ali Muluk4 and Azra5
An Analysis of Energy Supply and Oil Price Shocks on Agricultural Productivity of Pakistan
...f energy supply and oil price shocks on agricultural productivity in Pakistan using time series data from 1990 to 2017. To this end, the data was retrieved from Pakistan Bureau of Statistics, World Development Indicators and Pakistan Agricultural Statistics (PAS). Energy supply, Foreign Direct Investment and Oil prices has been taken as an explanatory variables and determinants of agricultural productivity in Pakistan....
Shahzad Khan*, Munir Khan, Inayatullah Jan, Mahfooz Khan and Fida Muhammad Khan
Determinants of Sugarcane Yield in District Charsadda, Pakistan
...mmends reduction in the prices of fertilizers and suggests the Government to develop high yielding Hybrid varieties and to improve the provision of certified/tested seed to the growers....
Sri Nuryani Hidayah Utami*, Andin Muhammad Abduh, Eko Hanudin and Benito Heru Purwanto
Study on the NPK Uptake and Growth of Rice under Two different Cropping Systems with different Doses of Organic Fertilizer in the Imogiri Subdistrict, Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia
...rences in NPK uptake and rice growth in organic farming using the grid system and the cropping system with longitudinal rows given space in between. The distance between plants within a row is 12.5 cm, and the distance between rows is 25 cm. A PFA of 50 cm is given for every two rows of rice plants. The before-mentioned cropping system is called Jarwo 2:1. The fertilization treatment for both rice
Muhammad Imran1,2*, Shahbaz Talib Sahi1, Muhammad Atiq1 and Amer Rasul3
Brown Leaf Spot: An Exacerbated Embryonic Disease of Rice: A Review
...rious emerging threat to rice crop. It causes heavy yield losses upto 6 to 90% depending upon the disease triangle. It has become a great concern for the rice-growing areas to find better management strategies under the fluctuation of the climate conditions. Different management practices (cultural, biological, chemical, induce resistance, nutrient management, natural byproducts, and resistant cultivars) are used by farmers ...
Kubilay Ucar1, Sait Engindeniz1* and Jozef Palkovic2
Risk and Return Analysis of Open-Field Tomato Grown in Turkey: A Monte Carlo Simulation Approach
...affected by the risk in price, cost, and yield outcomes. One of the products that are grown in irrigable lands and has high returns is tomato. The aim of this study is to analyze production costs, return and the risks associated with open-field tomato grown in Izmir province of Turkey in 2011-2017 period. Statistical data used in the study have been obtained from FAOSTAT, Turkish Statistical Institute and Turkish Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. According...
Amir Aziz1*, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Noor-us-Sabah1, Ghulam Sarwar1 and Sher Muhammad2
Effect of Rice and Wheat Straw and K-Silicate Application on Maize Growth
...00 mg kg-1 of soil), T4= rice straw (deficient @ 200 mg kg-1 of soil), T5 =rice straw (adequate @ 400 mg kg-1 of soil), T6 = K-silicate (deficient level @ 2 mg kg-1 of soil) and T7 = K silicate (adequate @ 400 mg kg-1 of soil). All the pots were arranged according to completely randomized design (CRD). In each pot five hybrid maize seed (Monsanto 234) were sown but only 3 plants were maintained after germination. The fertili...
Zhi Chen1, Toshifumi Minamoto2, Longshan Lin3 and Tianxiang Gao4,*
... commonly used, but its price was about 80 RMB/sample, which was too expensive. Cheaper eDNA extraction kit was a potential aspect for improvement to expand further application of eDNA analysis. In order to examine some cheaper kits’ effectiveness of extracting eDNA of macro-organisms and select an optional low-cost kit, a test among three kits was held. 12S rRNA bands of marine fishes on the agarose gel preliminarily revealed that all three kits could s...
Yahui Wang1, Ling Ren1, Yishen Xing1, Xin Hu1, 2, Qian Li1, Lingyang Xu1, Junya Li1* and Lupei Zhang1*
...mining beef quality and price. Intramuscular adipocytes develop from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in mesoderm. The mechanisms of preadipocytes differentiate into mature adipocytes to a great extent are clear, but the commitment of MSCs to preadipocytes is largely unknown. In this study, the Platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRα) positive progenitor cells were isolated from the longissimus dorsi muscle (LM) of fetal bovine and in...
Muhammad Abdullah1, Syed Attaullah Shah1, Khurram Nawaz Saddozai1, Jahangir Khan1*, Mohammad Fayaz1, Irfan Ullah1* and Sabeeh Ullah2
Analysis of Agricultural Land Price Determinants and Policy Implications for Controlling Residential and Commercial Encroachments: Facts from District Swabi (Pakistan)
...t determinants of their prices in Swabi district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. For this purpose, a sample of 79 land parcels, having transaction record for the year 2015-2017, was selected from 10 randomly chosen villages. Data were collected on their prices and their physical, agricultural and location characteristics. Descriptive statistical tools were used to summarize data on agricultural land characteristics. A linear Hedonic ...
Muhammad Yasir*, Mansoor ul Hasan, Muhammad Sagheer, Amer Rasul, Rameesha Amjad Ali and Habib ur Rehman
Evaluation of Spinosad Applied to Grain Commodities for the Control of Stored Product Insect Pests
...mmodities (wheat, maize, rice and oats) at concentrations of 0.25, 0.50 and 1 mg Kg-1 under laboratory conditions maintained at 28 ± 2oC, 65 ± 5% RH and continuous darkness. Seven bioassays were conducted by releasing the insects on treated commodities after different post treatment periods (0,1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 months). The mortality of three insect species was recorded at tested concentrations in all the treated commodities after the exposure ...
Abdul Hameed1*, Ihtsham ul Haq Padda2 and Abdul Salam3
Estimating Food Consumption Patterns in Pakistan by Using Ideal Demand System
...ndirect expenditure and price utility functions, using integrated household economic survey 2015-16 data and the nonlinear quadratic almost ideal demand system. The paper finding shows that demand for most commodity items except for fruit, meat, sugar and other products is less than unit elastic to expenditure elasticity at the country and regional levels. Cross price elasticity assessment demonstrates that the most nutritio...
Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro1*, Zulfiqar Ali Abbasi1, Aijaz Ahmed Soomro1, Naimatullah Leghari2, Muhammad Ibrahim Keerio3, Ahmed Naqi Shah1, Ghulam Murtaza Jamro4, Nadia Mangrio1 and Shazia Parveen Tunio5
Evaluation of Irrigation Frequencies and Seed Priming with Plant Nutrients on Growth and Yield of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Genotypes
...tments were replicated thrice. The experimental units were consisted of three factors: irrigation frequencies (two, three, four and five); seed priming (no priming, Priming of seed with canal water, 1.0% Urea and 0.2% Zinc sulphate); and two genotypes of sunflower (HO-1) and (Hysun-33). The analysis of data indicated that irrigation frequencies, seed priming and their interaction affected significantly (P≤ 0.05) on growth and yields of traits of sunflower g...
Zohaib Ahmad Hassan1, Ghulam Sarwar1*, Noor-Us-Sabah1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Muhammad Aftab2, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Usman Saleem3, Ayesha Zafar1, Imran Shehzad1, Aneela Riaz4, Khurshid Ahmad Mufti5 and Aamer Sattar2
Toxic Effects of Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO3) on Growth and Yield of Rice
...CO3 on growth as well as rice yield parameters. Various levels of NaHCO3 or Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) were developed in the normal soil. This experiment comprised of 7 treatments that were repeated three times according to Completely Randomized Design (CRD). These treatments included; T1= Control, T2= 15 SAR, T3= 20 SAR, T4= 25 SAR, T5= 30 SAR, T6= 35 SAR and T7= 40 SAR. Subsequently NaHCO3 was added to the soil as per treatment plan and adequate time was ...
Site Selection of Solar Farms Deploying Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (F-AHP) A KPK Based Study
Rehman Akhtar1, Khizar Azam2, Abdur Rehman Babar1, Qazi Salman Khalid1, Rashid Nawaz1 and Imran Ahmad1
...uality of Terrain, Land price, Population, Security, Proximity to Transmission Line, Agricultural Concern and Local Transmission Capacity. One of the most frequently used MCDM methods in literature, the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is integrated with fuzzy logic, called as F-AHP, is used in this research to identify and evaluate solar farm location in division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK). Thana, Chakdara, Harichand, Palai, Pir Khel and Shergarh city are ...
Shawaiz Iqbal1*, Nadeem Iqbal2, Usama Bin Khalid1, Muhammad Usman Saleem1, Adila Iram1, Muhammad Rizwan1, Muhammad Sabar1 and Tahir Hussain Awan1
Growth, Yield and Economic Analysis of Dry-Seeded Basmati Rice
...er unit area. Dry-seeded rice (DSR) is a contemporary resource saving crop establishing technique, which enables farmers to harvest economical rice production. Field study was conducted at Rice Research Institute, Kala Shah Kaku, Pakistan in 2014 and in 2015 to evaluate the different planting methods. Three dry-seeded rice (DSR) planting methods viz. (i)...
Hafiz Muhammad Wasim1, Ghulam Sarwar1*, Noor-Us-Sabah1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Muhammad Aftab2, Sher Muhammad3, Usman Saleem4, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Ayesha Zafar1, Imran Shehzad1, Aneela Riaz5 and Aamer Sattar2
Impact of NaCl Toxicity on Yield and Yield Components of Rice (Oryza sativa) Grown in Aridisol
...pact of NaCl salinity on rice growth parameters. Selection of soil with customary characteristics was done. Various levels of salinity; < 4, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 dS m-1 were established using NaCl salt. Soil was left for appropriate period for accomplishment of salinity. Completely randomized design (CRD) was used for layout of the experiment. Transplantation of seedlings was performed in all pots. Application of mineral fertilizers at recommended rates w...
Zhen-Yang Wu1, Li Li1, Yu-Hua Fu2, Sheng Wang3, Qing-Ming An1, Xiao-Hui Tang4, Xiao-Yong Du3,5,* and Fei Zhou6,*
...s which can affect wool price directly. In this study, to investigate the functional roles of genes in Tibetan sheep skin with different coat colors, we sequenced genes from six skin samples using Solexa sequencing. The RNA-Seq analysis generated 63,283,784 and 63,644,062 clean reads in black and white skin, respectively. A total of 60 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, providing evidence that the different coat color skin changed considera...
Minghao Gong1*, Shiliang Pang2, Zhongyan Gao2, Wanyu Wen1, Ling Zhang3, Gang Liu1, Huixin Li1, Fawen Qian4 and Wenfeng Wang2
... consume less water than rice should be adopted to mitigate the adverse climate changes that accompany global warming and will contribute to RCC habitat degradation.
...
Sana Mehmood1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1*, Muhammad Summer1, Sher Muhammad Sherawat2, Shaukat Ali1*, Sajida Naseem3
...ications of spiders from rice ecosystems of district Lahore, Sialkot and Mandi Bahauddin, Punjab, Pakistan by using DNA barcoding. A total of 2736 spiders were collected from July to October during 2018-19. They were brought to the laboratory for subsequent morphological identification, DNA extraction and sequencing. We identified 38 morph-species, representing 22 genera and 8 families. Accuracy of morphological identification was confirmed by barcode analysis...
Luka Anthony*, Olugbenga Omotayo Alabi, Elizabeth Samuel Ebukiba and Vandi Gamba
...nfluencing the output of rice produced and choice of marketing outlets among small-holder rural farming households are the main focus to improve rice production and increase the income of the farmers. Primary data were used for this study. Data were obtained using a well-designed well-structured questionnaire. The questionnaires were administered to two hundred and seven (207) small-holder rural rice...
Hafiz Muhammad Wasim1, Ghulam Sarwar1*, Noor-Us-Sabah1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Muhammad Aftab2, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Ayesha Zafar1, Imran Shehzad1, Aneela Riaz3, Abid Niaz2, Khurshid Ahmad Mufti4 and Muhammad Arif2
Deleterious Impact of Sodium Chloride (NaCl) Toxicity on Chemical Properties of Soil and Ionic Composition of Rice
...pact of NaCl salinity on rice growth parameters. Selection of soil with customary characteristics was done. Various levels of salinity; < 4, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 dS m-1 were established precisely using NaCl salt. Soil was left for appropriate period (30 days) for the accomplishment of salinity. Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was used for layout of the experiment. Transplantation of seedlings was performed in all pots. Application of mineral fertilizer...
Hafiz Hammad Ahmad1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1*, Noor-us-Sabah1, Ghulam Sarwar1, Sher Muhammad2, Muhammad Aftab3, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1 and Aneela Riaz4
Growth and Yield Response of Sunflower to Organic Amendments in Aridisol
... treatments replicated thrice. The treatments consisted of T1 = NK + P0 (Control); T2 = NPK (Recommended dose); T3 = NK + Rock phosphate at 7 g pot-1; T4 = NPK + Rock phosphate at 7 g pot-1; T5 = NK + Rock phosphate at 7 g pot-1 + Wheat straw at 14 g pot-1; T6 = NK + Rock phosphate at 7 g pot-1 + Wheat straw at 28 g pot-1; T7 = NK + Rock phosphate at 7 g pot-1 + Rice straw at 14 g pot-1; T8 = NK + Rock phosphate at 7 g pot-1...
Ijaz Haider1*, Muhammad Akhtar1, Ali Noman2 and Muhammad Qasim3
...ation of five species of rice pests namely white stem borer Scirpophaga innotata (Walker), yellow stem borer Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker), rice leaffolder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), whitebacked planthopper Sogatella furcifera (Horvath) (Homoptera: Delphacidae), and pink stem borer Sesamia inferens (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on light trap. T...
Muhammad Naeem1,2, Nasir Rajput1,2, Sher Ali3, Asmatullah Kaka2, Dildar Hussain Kalhoro2, Mehvish Rajput2 and Tian Wang1,*
...ability of steam treated rice straw, alfalfa hay (AH) and Chinese wild rye (CWR).The rice strawswere treated with steam pressure, i.e. TRS-I (exposed to 15.5 kgf/cm2 steam pressure for 90 sec), TRS-II (exposed to 15.5 kgf/cm2 steam pressure for 120 sec).The results regarding chemical composition revealed that steam treated straw had higher (P<0.05) dry matter (DM), ash and acid detergent fiber...
Hafiz Hammad1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Noor-Us-Sabah1*, Ghulam Sarwar1, Muhammad Aftab2, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Aneela Riaz3, Abid Niaz4 and Muhammad Arif4
Shakeel Ahmed Soomro1,2, Sikandar Almani3, Lal Bux4, Khalil Ahmed Ibupoto2, Muhammad Sohail Memon2, Farman Ali Chandio2, Shakeel Hussain Chattha2, Zaheer Ahmed Khan2, Zubair Ahmed Soomro5,Babar Mustafa Ansari6 and Kunjie Chen1*
...y can be utilised by the rice processing industries.
...
Md. Sabbir Ahamed1, Md. Rayhan Chowdhury1, Md. Atik Mas-ud1, Sujat Ahmed2, Md. Shahadat Hossain1 and Mohammad Nurul Matin1*
...uting traits of 13 local rice cultivars grown in Bangladesh were estimated. Results indicated that most traits including, plant height (PH), panicle length (PaL), leaf length (LL), leaf breath (LB), 100-grain weight (100-GW) as well as filled and unfilled grain per panicle (FGPa, UFGPa), and primary branch (PB) obtained significant variation in case of treatment. The genotypic variance (
Muhammad Ilyas Khan*, Ihsan Mabood Qazi and Mohammad Ayub
...o phases, in first phase rice flour of selected local varieties were investigated for physicochemical, amylose, functional and pasting properties. Where, in second phase of the study flour of low and high amylose rice varieties were blended in various ratios (100:00, 80:20, 60:40, 40:60, 20:80 and 00:100) and were studied again for functional and pasting profile. Results indicated that colour, moisture, water solubility inde...
Umair Riaz1*, Shazia Iqbal2, Muhammad Irfan Sohail2, Tayyaba Samreen2, Muhammad Ashraf1, Fatima Akmal2, Ayesha Siddiqui3, Ijaz Ahmad4, Muhammad Naveed5, Naveed Iqbal Khan5 and Rao Masood Akhter6
...arable crops i.e. lower prices, non-availability of transit markets, underdeveloped cultivation technology, poor availability of cultivation resources and genetic materials and many more. Therefore, MAPs can be cultivated and adopted to various geographical landscapes if facilitated by governments especially in the rural areas of low-income Asian and African countries.
...
Ijaz Ahmad* and Bakhtiar Gul
...n (CRD) and replicated thrice. The results showed that all the wheat growth parameters were significantly affected by the weeds competition in both the studied years. The maximum wheat plant height (38.1 and 39.4) was recorded in wheat, having no weeds competition during the year 2018 and 2019 respectively. Whereas, the minimum plant height (cm) 30.4 and 31.9 was recorded in wheat infested with Avena fatua and Silybum marianum. Due to the large leaf canopy of ...
Naveed Wahid Awan1, Asif Ali Abro2* and Ahmed Raza ul Mustafa3
...ls and their respective prices. It was observed that Punjab province holds tops position with respect to the factors analyzed in the study. In regression analysis, the climatic index was found negative and significant, whereas agricultural accessories are positive and have a significant relationship with dependent variables. This study recommends to rationalize the use of fertilizer and energy consumption that negatively affect the environment, whereas, the us...
Aamer Sattar1, Sadia Sultana1*, Abid Niaz1, Muhammad Aftab1, Ghulam Sarwar2, Irfan Rasheed3, Muhammad Shoaib4, Raheela Naz1, Amina Kalsom1, Nisa Mukhtar1, Farah Rasheed1, Arfan ul Haq1, Munazza Rafique5, Muhammad Arif1, Sarfraz Hussain1 and Jafar Salim6
...t plot design repeated thrice with 3 major plots (methods of residues management) i. traditional practice by complete removing (C) whole crop biomass from field, ii. burnt (B) practice by burning the crop biomass in field after threshing and iii. Residue’s (R) incorporation practice by rotavating the crop biomass into the soil. The selected field was sufficient in exchangeable K and available P but was deficient in organic matter contents. The results sh...
Manzoor Hussain Memon1, Khalid Khan2, Anjum Parvez3, Sarfaraz Ahmed Shaikh4, Khan Mir Khan2, Guo Xiangyu5*, Mohammad Nasrullah6 and Saima Liaqat7
...ts in inflated consumer prices. At the same time none of the profit get invested back in the industry as producer keep struggling to meet financing requirements. Henceforth, to improve nutrient consumption of consumers steps are required to be taken to provide level playing field to all the agents involved and to provide easy market access to producers....
Ch. Muhammad Rafiq1, Qasim Raza1*, Awais Riaz1, Misbah Hanif2, Wajiha Saeed2, Shawaiz Iqbal1, Tahir Hussain Awan1, Syed Sultan Ali1 and Muhammad Sabar1
...e production. Dry seeded rice (DSR) technology has water and labour saving advantages over conventional transplanting culture, however, poor crop establishment due to reduced germination in variable field conditions greatly hampers its large-scale adaption. To address subordinate germination issues, we investigated the effects of five salicylic acid (SA) concentrations (0, 75, 150, 225 and 300 ppm) on polyethylene glycol (PEG) induced drought stress conditions...
Imrana Khushk1, Abdul Nabi Jatt2, Abdul Sattar Qureshi1*, Choudhary Haider Ali3, Muhammad Aqeel Bhutto1, Imran Ibrahim Khaskheli1, Sartar Iqbal Panhwer1
...eat straw hydrolysate or rice straw as carbon source. On-site produced cellulase from Bacillus subtilis OCS SH-2 was applied in the saccharification of pretreated wheat straw and rice straw. There was no significant difference when commercial cellulase youtell#7 and onsite produced cellulase were used in saccharification of high solid wheat straw simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF). However, onsite produced ...
Muhammad Afnan Rabbi, Iqtidar Hussain*, Ejaz Ahmed, Muhammad Saad and Aitezaz Ali Asad Shahani
...if crops such as cotton, rice and sugarcane, compel the growers to sowing late wheat and due to this wheat production becomes low. A foremost challenge for crop production is to increase its economic yields in an endurable manner by improving fertility of the soil. Many struggles have been done to enhance the wheat productivity since last decade. Use of synthetic plant growth regulators with nitrogen supply seems to be fruitful in this regard. So, an experimen...
Muhammad Fiyyaz1, Ghulam Sarwar1*, Noor-Us-Sabah1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Muhammad Aftab2, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Sher Muhammad3, Muhammad Latif4, Ayesha Zafar1, Imran Shehzad1, Sarfraz Hussain5, Aneela Riaz6 and Abid Niaz2
..., compost, green manure, rice husk and poultry manure. All these practices are favoured to enhance soil productivity level. Keeping in view the current scenario of country, this experiment was conducted. Experiment contained 11 treatments applied under completely randomized design (CRD) included, T1 = chemical fertilizers at recommended rate, T2 = chemical fertilizers at half recommended rate, T3 = poultry dung at the rate of 5 t ha-1, T4 = poultry dung at the...
Muhammad Fiyyaz1, Ghulam Sarwar1*, Noor-Us-Sabah1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Muhammad Aftab2, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Sarfraz Hussain3, Ayesha Zafar1, Imran Shehzad1 and Aneela Riaz4
...d manure, poultry waste, rice husk etc. can increase productiveness of soil. Combined usage of poultry waste material and chemical fertilizer improved maize growth and health of soil. This experiment comprised of 11 treatments applied under completely randomized design like, T1 = chemical fertilizers at recommended rate, T2 = chemical fertilizers at half recommended rate, T3 = waste of poultry at the rate of 5 ton/ha, T4 = waste of poultry at the rate of 7.5 t...
Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Noor-Us-Sabah1*, Ghulam Sarwar1, Muhammad Aftab2, Abdul Moeez1, Humaira Ramzan1, Mudassar Hafeez1, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Aneela Riaz3, Sher Muhammad4 and Muhammad Latif4
...study growth response of rice under normal and saline soil conditions was checked using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) under divided plot arrangements with nine treatments and three replications was used. Rice plants were grown in plots having normal soil (EC = 2.32 dS/m) and salty soil (4.93 dS/m). Si as phosphate industry waste was applied @ 0, 50 and 100 µg Si/g soil. Results showed that application of Si r...
Qudsia Nazir1, Muhammad Aftab1*, Ghulam Sarwar2, Aneela Riaz3, Sarfraz Hussain1, Ifra Saleem1, Amina Kalsom1, Noor-Us-Sabah2, Mukkram Ali Tahir2, Ateeq-ur-Rehman4 and Muhammad Arif1
...Zn) impregnated urea for rice may enhance grains (paddy) yield. Three types of urea were prepared including Zn coated, bio-activated Zn coated and Zn blended urea at the 1.5% rate of formulate. The bio-activated Zn coated urea was prepared by inoculating the powdered organic material with Zinc solubilizing bacterium and then this material was mixed with ZnO. This bio-active Zn was coated on urea at 1.5% rates to formulate. Moreover, Zn blended urea was prepare...
Maqsood Ahmad1, Muhammad Umer Chattha1, Imran Khan1, Muhammad Bilal Chattha2*, Faqir Hussain Anjum3, Sadia Afzal4, Muhammad Faran1, Fiaz Hussain3, Muhammad Talha Aslam1, Abdul Jabbar5, Muhammad Sultan Ali Bazmi5, Mahnoor Mehmood6 and Muhammad Umair Hassan1
...he maximum production in rice-wheat cropping system (RWCS). Additionally, cultivar NM-2006 can be grown in RWCS to get maximum production....
Muhammad Iqbal1, Muhammad Mahmood Iqbal1*, Saghir Ahmad1, Athar Mahmood2, Muhammad Akram1, Hammad Husnain1, Muhammad Shahid1, Saeed Ahmad1, Ali Raza1, Ansar Hussain3, Allah Ditta Abid4, Qaisar Abbas5, Mussarrat Hussain5, Muhammad Akram6 and Muhammad Umair Hassan2
...ement and was repeated thrice. Sowing times were placed in main plot and cultivars were placed in sub plots. Results revealed that seed cotton yield and fiber strength was more when cotton was planted early between 1st March to 16th April compared to late planted cotton (1st May to 16th June). Highest seed cotton yield was obtained when cotton was sown on 1st April during first year (3946 kg ha-1) and 16th March during second year (3307 kg ha-1). Minimum seed ...
Wajid Habib1, Saira Rasul2* and Hafiza Sadaf Zahra3
...ll as the volatility of price determinants in Pakistan. The aim of this study is to investigate the causes of agriculture commodities and food products in Pakistan for selected commodities data ranging from June 1983 to June 2018. Data were collected from different sources including IMF (International Monetary Fund), World Bank, IFS (International Financial Statistics) as well as SBP (State Bank of Pakistan). The GARCH (1, 1) models was used to estimate all va...
Shahinshah Khan1*, Aijaz Ali Khooharo1, Zaheeruddin Mirani1 and Velo Suthar2
...ps namely wheat, cotton, rice, onion and tomato were recorded. Survey findings further revealed that informal sector (own, neighbor, and landlord) was common source of seed for wheat (62.3%) and onion growers (64.2%). On the Other hand, formal sources (seed companies and dealers) were common source of seed for cotton (97.7%); rice (92.2%); and tomato (100%) growers. Very negligible contribution of public sector was observed ...
Amar Iqbal Saqib, Khalil Ahmed*, Muhammad Khalid Bhatti, Ghulam Qadir, Muhammad Qaisar Nawaz, Muhammad Ashfaq Anjum, Abdul Rasul Naseem, Aftab Ahmad Sheikh and Belqees Akhter
...cts of brackish water on rice-wheat crops through practicable and economical methods in two different textured soils. Treatments were: (A) Types of soils. 1) sandy loam, 2) clay loam, (B) Remedial strategies, 1). canal water, 2) saline-sodic tube well water (continuous), 3) three irrigations of tube well water and two of canal water in a cyclic manner (short cyclic use), 4) tube well water + gypsum @ RSC of water, 5) tube well water+ canal water in 1:1 ratio (...
Muhammad Sarfraz1*, Muhammad Amjad Qureshi2, Muhammad Arshad Ullah3, Shahzada Munawar Mehdi4, Abdul Rasool Naseem1, Sarfraz Hussain1, Muhammad Qaisar Nawaz1 and Muhammad Rizwan1
...ed the maximum yields of rice and wheat trailed by the application of saline water with GR of soil and irrigation water. Soil analysis at harvest showed that soil was improved with canal water with GR of soil trailed by saline water with GR of soil and irrigation water. The least variations in soil pH, EC and SAR were observed in control where nothing was applied. Comprehensive studies in different ecological zones with salt affected soils with variety of sali...
Nilgun Dogan1,* and Hakan Adanacioglu2
...US$3.16 and the average price paid to the beekeepers was US$6.78. The absolute and relative profits were calculated as US$3.62 and US$2.14, respectively. The efficiency of the beekeeping farms was measured using Data Envelopment Analysis. The results of output- and input-oriented constant return-to-scale (CRS) analysis indicated an average efficiency value of 59.34%. The output- and input-oriented variable return-to-scale (VRS) analysis showed average efficien...
Shahzad Khan1*, Munir Khan1, Arif Alam2, Ikram Shah2, Mahfooz Khan1 and Fida Muhammad Khan1
...ends a reduction in the prices of fertilizers and suggested to the Government to develop high yielding certified seed and provision of certified/tested seed to the growers....
Rafia Ahsan1, Saif Ullah1, Ijaz Yaseen1, Faisal Sohail Fateh1, Muhammad Fayyaz1, Shahzad Asad1, Atif Jamal1, Muhammad Sufyan2 and Muhammad Zakria1*
...ous disease of irrigated rice in Pakistan. All famous varieties of Basmati rice are susceptible to bacterial blight. Survey of rice growing areas of Punjab, Sindh and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) was conducted during the year 2019-20. BLB was prevalent in all the surveyed provinces of Pakistan. In Punjab, high disease prevalence was observed in Gujranwala (55%), Hafizabad (36%), Sialkot (29%) a...
Wesley D. Nafarnda, Japhet H. Baraya, Olatunde H. Olabode, Malang K. Simon
...iv>
administered thrice to participating household poultry farmers alongside administration of feed based
V4 thermostable ND vaccination in chickens. Sera obtained from forty (40) chickens per LGA during
pre-vaccination, post-vaccination and post-booster vaccination with NDV4 thermostable vaccine were
subjected to Hemagglutination Inhibition (HI) test.
Result: Antibody detection showed seroconversion in chi...
Nadeem Anwar1, Muhammad Luqman2*, Shaoib Nasir3, Moazzam Sabir1, Hafiz Bashir Ahmad4 and Saleem Ashraf5
...f farmers reported high price of inputs as a key hurdle. Majority of the respondents revealed their concern on rising inflation in the country. They reported that the increase in cost of production negatively effects the profit earned especially by the small farmers. The results of inter-correlation analysis of variables, which are considered to be a constraining factor in citrus production confirms that most of the variables are interrelated and by resolving ...
Pukhtoon Yar1*, Salman Khan2, Du Ying1 and Muhammad Israr3
...xtension services, high prices of fertilizers, land insecurity, etc. The outcomes of this study showed that the successful completion of CPEC related projects in the energy sector and infrastructure development will boost the agricultural output, provide job opportunities and poverty eradication. ...
Reema Zia* and Noor Paio Khan
...tion in Pakistan’s rice sector and draw policy implications for possible adjustments in policies and future strategy. The quantitative analyses of PSE and SRP reveals overall transfers from rice producers to society. The analysis depicts Pakistan’s stronger position towards WTO trade liberalization in the rice sector. Pakistan would not need to change any of its policies and wo...
M. Azam, Iqtidar Hussaian*, Ghazanfar ullah, A.A. Khakwani, M.S. Baloch, K. Waseem, M. Amjed Nadeem and M.K. Javaid
...e transplanting time for rice in this changing climate scenario to have better yield. The experiment was conducted to study the response of transplanting dates and seedlings densities on fine rice variety “Super Basmati” at Agronomic Research Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan during 2017. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized complete block design with three replications, beca...
Yanhong Hu* and Linkai Cui
...rom the scale insect Ericerus pela using an immunofluorescence assay of the insect cells and a bioinformatics analysis. The result of immunofluorescence assay showed EpFAR to be localized to the cytoplasmic region, and the observed fluorescence pattern was characteristic of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proteins. Comparative analysis of the prediction results showed EpFAR was localized to the ER membrane. These results, combined with the localization of ot...
Arsalan Khan1*, Navid Anjum2, Muhammad Shuaib Khan3, Shakeeb Ullah3,
Ali Zaman3, Kamran Safdar3, Khalid Muhammad3, Ambrina Tariq4,
Muhammad Inam Malik3, Muhammad Kamal Shah3, Atiq ur Rehman3
and Hamza Maris3
...ccine was administered thrice (at weekly interval) in 15 cattle @ 1ml/50 Kg of the body weight of each animal accordingly. Fifteen cohort cattle of different age groups served as controls, administered with the standard acaricidal drug, ivermectin. At the end of each week post administration of this oil based whole crude larval extract, the number of hard ticks was counted with naked eye and the efficacy of this crude tick vaccine was determined in terms of re...
Amjed Ali1, Muhammad Tayyab1,*, Sehrish Firyal1, Abu Saeed Hashmi2, Asif Nadeem3, Shagufta Saeed1, Ali Raza Awan1 and Muhammad Wasim1
...es including wheat bran, rice bran and molasses could increase the enzyme production from 25 to 43.7, 44.3 and 49 µmole/min whereas the nitrogen sources including tryptone, peptone and yeast extract could enhance the enzyme production from 25 to 40.21, 41 and 43.76 µmole/min, respectively. The highest β-lactamase production was recorded when the LB medium was supplemented with 4% wheat bran and 2% yeast extract. The locally produced recombinan...
Mukhtar Iderawumi Abdulraheem1*, Muhammad Ihtisham2*, Abiodun Yusuff Moshood3, Nawab Khan4, Muhammad Owais Shahid5, Shafiq Hussain6, Kumail Abbas6 and Fawad Zaman7
...ing twice, and weeding thrice, whereas mulching types comprised of three levels i.e., no mulching, dry grasses mulching, and polythene mulching. The findings revealed that all of the okra plants tested were susceptible to virus infections regardless of treatment. Those who had a treatment combination of three weedings and polythene mulching, on the other hand, had the lowest incidence and severity of viral infection, while those who received no weeding and no ...
Syed Rashid Ali1*, Saad Uddin Khan1 and Ahmed Raza ul Mustafa2
... to assess the Pakistani rice producer’s behaviour under the exchange rate volatility. The exchange rate variability is a risk which may force the producers to change their production preferences. The Cobb-Douglas production function used to examine the functional association between exchange rate variability and behaviour of Pakistani rice producers. The Exchange rate volatility is measured through the Moving Average ...
Shahid Ali1*, Murtaza1, Waqas Ahmad1, Muhammad Israr2, Aftab Khan3, Hamdullah1 and Syed Attaullah Shah1
...estigate determinants of rice yield in central Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A random sample of 275 rice growers was selected from district Swabi, using a multi-stage random sampling procedure. Pre-tested interview schedule was used for collection of data from rice growers. Through Cobb-Douglas type production function (CDPF) data was analyzed. Results indicated that 1 percent increase in ...
Nazeer Ahmed Lashari1*, Saghir Ahmed Sheikh2, Aijaz Hussain Soomro2 and ShamsuddinTunio3
...the cereals after wheat, rice is highly eaten on the globe. Research revealed that the physico-chemical and cooking traits of the rice change during the storage . The study aimed to determine the physical attributes and baking quality of two coarse (IR-6 and DR-82) and two aromatic (Basmati-385 and Lateefy) rice varieties grown in Pakistan along with their packaging effects and storage cir...
Muhammad Yaseen1*, Muhammad Sallam Shahzad2, Farhat Ullah Khan2, Muhammad Luqman1, Usman Saleem3 and Shoaib Nasir4
...xt-align: justify;">Fine rice of Pakistan is globally famous and its demand is increasing at the national and international level because of the long kernel, strong aroma, and grain elongation at the time of cooking. This crop also serves as a source of livelihood for the majority of the farming community residing in the rice zone. Public sector advisory services are considered as a pillar for agricultural crop productivity;...
Mahmoud M.A.Youssef and Wafaa M. A. El-Nagdi
...heat was used to control rice root nematode, Hirschmanniella oryzae on rice soil and root and wheat soil. Several investigators reported that number of galls and egg-masses of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita on roots of several plants were reduced gradually by increasing gamma irradiation doses. When tomato plants infected by root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita were exposed to combined elevated atmospheric CO...
Hussein Saber Mohammaed Ali Al-Rashedy1* and Wadullah Asaad Abdullah Al-Mtewti2
Yaregal Tilahun1*, Benyam Tadesse1, Getachew Mekonnen2 and Tilahun Bekele3
...vity in the sector with price volatility led to a decline in output. Due to this fact, the studies were assessing the production trend with their bottlenecks, and identify the determinant of tea productivity and inefficiency through Cobb Douglas and stochastic frontier model. Data from a primary and secondary source of information were used from 135 tea out-growers. Based on the results, year 2017-018 has been used as production/base year. However, the p...
Shabana Naz1*, Nishat Ali Khan1, Arnab Tanweer1, Shifa Moazzam1, Qudrat Ullah2, Farkhanda Asad1, Irfan Khattak3, Sajida Batool4 and Rifat Ullah Khan5
...owl. Sampling was done thrice from same birds i.e., once before treatment and twice after treatment with Albendazole and Levamisole. The efficacy of Albendazole and the Levamisole against parasites was calculated. The fecal samples were examined by using flotation and modified Macmaster’s egg counting technique. The results showed that 21 peafowl (8 males and 13 females) were infected with Eimeria sp. (66.33 %), Ascaridia sp.
Farah Deeba1, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir1, Muhammad Irfan2, Muhammad Khan1 and Javed Iqbal Qazi1*
...mploying 5% chitin, 0.5% rice straw, 0.05% peptone, 0.02% CaCl2, and 0.05% yeast extract. The utilization of agro-industrial waste (rice straw) not only decrease the production costs of microbial chitinase but can also providing positive way out for solving environmental pollution problem related to the waste.
...
Muhammad Rizwan1*, Bilal Atta1, Misbah Rizwan2, Arshed Makhdoom Sabir1, Muhammad Tahir3, Muhammad Sabar1, Muddassar Ali1 and Muhammad Yasir Ali4
...ructive and key pests of rice in Asian countries. Effective insecticides are available to cope with this pest, but this solution is not a long-term strategy because of apprehensions about health and environmental hazards, exposure risks, residual perseverance and development of resistance. So there is a need to find out an alternate practice for the management of this pest. Pest damage may be reduced through the proper management of nutrients requirements and ...
Imran Ali Chandio1, Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro1*, Qamaruddin Jogi1, Ghulam Murtaza Jamro2 and Siraj Ahmed Channa3
...eriment was replicated thrice in randomized complete block design. Different doses of nitrogen as broadcasting and fertigation (0, 75, 100, 125 kg N ha-1 in two and three equal splits given at sowing time, 1st, 2nd and 3rd irrigations, respectively) were applied to two sunflower genotypes (HO-1 and Hysun-39). Data analysis revealed nitrogen fertigation, genotypes and their interaction substantially (P≤0.05) affected growth and yield traits of sunflower. Gre...
Ali Zohaib*, Muzzammil Hussain, Iftikhar Ahmad and Adnan Bashir
...w planting technique for rice. However, optimization of seeding rate for producing mat type nursery is crucial to acquire suitable seedlings and planting density for better yield of mechanically transplanted rice (MTR). Current 2-years field study was conducted to determine effect of seeding rate (80, 90, 100 and 110 g per tray) for preparing nursery mats of fine basmati rice on plant grow...
K.M. Injarul Haque, Sharmeen Islam*, Md. Rokibul Islam Khan, Md. Ruhul Amin
... was performed to ensile rice straw, and napier leftovers with rumen contents (RC), and molasses to determine the physical and nutritional properties of silages. Silages were prepared in airtight plastic containers at ambient temperature according to the treatments T0 (0% RC), T1 (5% RC), T2 (10% RC), and T3 (15% RC) with 5% molasses as dry matter basis at 0, 14, 21, and 28 days, respectively. Results showed that the physical qualities (color, odor, and softne...
Jarmuji Jarmuji1,3, Lili Warly2*, Mardiati Zain2, Khasrad Khasrad2
...tein as a substitute for rice bran. The treatments were arranged as follow: P0= OPF + concentrate + 10% commercial sakura block, P1 = OPF + concentrate + 6% sakura block plus, P2 = OPF + concentrate + 8% sakura block plus, P3 = OPF+ concentrate + 10 % sakura block plus, P4 = OPF + concentrate + 12% sakura block plus, P5 = OPF+ concentrate + 14% sakura block plus. Supplementation of sakura block plus in OPF was able to increase rumen fermentation products, dige...
Indah Prihartini1*, Miftachi Ari2, Manar Fayiz Mousa Atoum3,4, Akhis Soleh Ismail1 and Listiari Hendraningsih1
...lignolitic probiotics in rice straw (Oryza sativa L.) on digestibility and efficiency of microbial protein synthesis using in vitro residual gas production and the optimal lignolitic probiotic in rice straw. The materials used were rice straw IR 64 cultivar and lignolitic TPG probiotic. The method used was Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four levels of treatments and th...
Yongjie Xue1, Jinling Yan1, Huifeng Zhao1*, Haijing Zheng2 and Changhai Ma1
...cting the domestic beef price in both the long- and short-term, but the short-term effects can be corrected to coincide with the long-term effects. (2) there is a long-term equilibrium relationship between import price (soybean and beef) and domestic beef price. (3) The price fluctuations of imported soybean and beef will affect domestic beef p
Damat Damat1*, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi2, Juris Burlakovs3, Zane Vincēviča-Gaile4,
Devi Dwi Siskawardani1, Rista Anggriani1 and Anas Tain5
...-height: normal;">Analog rice is a processed rice product produced from non-rice with slightly more carbohydrates than natural rice. Arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea L) canbe used as raw material in analog rice, with red seaweed (Gracilaria spp.) are added to increase the fiber content. A disadvantage of an...
Hussain Ali1, Shahid Sattar Khan1, Fazal Maula2, Said Hussain Shah3* and Misbah Uddin1
...ey pests that infest the rice crop at regular intervals. It is pivotal to find out management strategies for this pest for higher production of rice. Research experiments were conducted to investigate the impact of different rice varieties and synthetic insecticides on the population density of rice stem borer. Experiments were conducted in randomized co...
Shumaila Nazir1, Iqbal Javed1, Muhammad Luqman2* and Azra3
...rts of Kinnow, domestic prices, population of importing countries, domestic exchange rate, exchange rate of importing countries, domestic production, and distance between trading partners were used to estimate the model. Data were collected from the international trade center, Federal Bureau of Statistics; Islamabad, Pakistan Economic Survey, and International Financial Statistics. Domestic prices of Kinnow were obtained fro...
Mohamed Ali Zayed
...e major muscles Triceps Brachii (TB), Longsimus Dorssi (LD) and Biceps Femoris (BF) samples were collected at 24 h postmortem from the carcasses of Bakri lambs. Lambs were separated according on drinking water type into two groups, the 1st group (G1); lambs drank fresh water (274 ppm TDS) (control group). The 2nd group (G2); lambs drank saline water (5980 ppm TDS). The physical, chemical properties and histological structures ...
Ali Zohaib1*, Muzzammil Hussain1, Iftikhar Ahmad1, Mushtaq Ali2, Tahira Tabassum3 and Adnan Bashir1
...its of different Basmati rice varieties is imperative for enhancing the output of rice-wheat cropping system. Hence, two-year study was accomplished to find out the differences in growth, crop maturation duration, yield and economic benefits of Basmati rice varieties (Super Basmati, PK-1121 aromatic, Chenab Basmati, Kissan Basmati, Punjab Basmati, Noor Basmati and NIAB Basmati 2016) in Guj...
Rabia Bibi1, R. Muhammad Tariq2, Samir A.M. Abdelgaleil3 and Munawwer Rasheed1, 4*
Abdul Malik Ahmed, Bhargav Bhushan Nath, Ayub Ali, Jiten Sarma, Bipul Phukan, Imtiaz Ahmed* and Jyotirmoyee Das
...d fish with high market price in the Central Brahmaputra Valley of Assam. A total of 458 specimens comprising of 161 males and 297 females with total length (TL) 7.8 to 15.6 cm and total weight (TW) 5.01 to 38.19 gm were collected monthly basis from August 2017 to July, 2018 from Thekera beel (wetland) of Morigaon District of Assam. The length-weight relationship of Gudusia chapra was found to be W=0.01L2.897, W=0.01L2.9165 and W=0.01L2.9214 for male, female a...
Tehseen Ali Jilani1*, Muhammad Saleem Jilani2, Javeria Sherani3, Kashif Waseem2, Muhammad Sohail Khan2, Hasnain Saleem3, Abdul Manan2, Rashid Jawad2 and Sami Ullah4
...sign (RCBD) replicated thrice during two normal growing seasons (2013-14 and 2014-15). At physiological maturity, data were collected for yield contributory traits. In Season 1, the genotype Minarellet proved to be early maturing by taking lesser number of days to flower initiation (55.48 days) followed by Rando and Coronado. Statistically maximum variability was shown by Climax and Green feast for plant height (81.33 and 80.77 cm), number of pods plant-1 (18....
Muhammad Tahir Latif1*, Muzzammil Hussain1, Ayesha Latif2, Majid Hamid Bajwa1, Iftikhar Ahmad1, Ali Zohaib1, Naeem Faisal1 and Muhammad Hamza3
... survey was conducted in rice-wheat cropping system of Gujranwala zone, Pakistan during Kharif season 2020 to estimate the economic viability and profitability analysis of mechanically transplanted rice (MTR) in comparison to conventional manual transplanting (CT). Convenience and snow-ball non probability sampling method was used due to less adoption rate of MTR with a sample size of 240. Among targeted MTR growers 72% had ...
Didiek Hadjar Goenadi1,2*, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi3,4, Erkata Yandri3,4, Kiman Siregar5,6, Aris Winaya7, Damat Damat7, Wahyu Widodo7, Ahmad Wahyudi7, Praptiningsih Gamawati Adinurani4,8,
Maizirwan Mel9, Ivar Zekker10, Muhammad Zul Mazwan7, Devi Dwi Siskawardani7,
Endang Dwi Purbajanti11 and Ida Ekawati12
...elatively affordable in price, palm oil is in high demand in Asia. Further than a food source, Crude Palm Oil also serves as feedstock for biodiesel – an environmentally friendly renewable energy. In Indonesia, the palm oil industry plays an essential role in the national economy. However, negative issues in oil palm cultivation bring certain apprehension towards its industrial sector in implementing the concept of sustainable development. To overcome th...
Bambang Yudi Ariadi1*, Rahayu Relawati1, Barbara Szymoniuk2 and Waris Ali Khan3
... increasing the selling price. This study aims to analyze the influence of product attributes, psychography, and demography on the purchase of organic vegetables, product attributes, demography, and purchase to the willingness to pay (WTP) for organic vegetables . The research was conducted in East Java, Indonesia, in May 2021, based on an online survey through social media. Questionnaires were filled by 95 respondents who met the requirements. Data were analy...
Momotaz Khanom*, Sheikh Mustafizur Rahman, Muhammad Yousuf Ali, Md. Shahin Parvez, Al-Hasan Antu, Md. Nazmul Ahsan
...supply and inconsistent price. The present study evaluated the effects of early introduction of formulated feed as a substitute for live feed on growth performances of Asian stinging catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis larvae reared in laboratory conditions. Three-day-old larvae hatched through induced breeding (2.0±0.00016 mg; 0.57±0.09cm) were subjected to four feeding treatments in triplicates (100 larvae/aquarium). The catfish larvae were fed wi...
Phassakon Nuntapanich1*, Hathaichanok Nuntapanich2 and Woraman Maicharoen3
...search present the local rice-fish economy system of small farmer households in Tung Kula Ronghai (TKR), Northeast Thailand. Secondary data related to the study site were collected and analyzed to enhance primary data collection. A semi-structured interview was used for in-depth study in the community. Trapping ponds in paddy fields have developed and transferred from the old generation as local wisdom. It is the tools considering as an appropriate technology,...
Md. Enayet Kabir1, Md. Jahangir Alam1*, Md. Mosharaf Hossain2, Zannatul Ferdaushi3
...ding probiotic fermented rice straw-based total mixed ration (TMR) on production performance, haemato-biochemical indices, and faecal bacteria of fattening cattle. A total of eighteen crossbred male cattle of 14-16 months were divided into three equal groups at random. Cattle in the control group (C) were offered ration containing 40% untreated rice straw, 20% green fodder, and 40% concentrate mixture (dry matter basis) fed ...
Sepri Reski*, Maria Endo Mahata, Ridho Kurniawan Rusli
...iets to replace corn and rice bran.
Keywords | Broiler, Carcass, IMO’s fruit waste, Physiology organ, Turbinaria murayana
...
Preparation and Evaluation of Cattle Feed by Ensiling Wet Rice Straw, Market Fish Waste and Molasses
Avijite Sarker, Sharmeen Islam, S.M. Ariful Islam, Md. Rokibul Islam Khan*, Md Mukhlesur Rahman
...uce cattle feed with wet rice straw processed with market fish wastes (MFW) and fermented with 5% molasses to enhance the storage quality and nutrients of rice straw. Feeds were placed in plastic drums and sealed properly. The preparation was completed under room temperature following T0 (0% MFW), T1 (5% MFW), T2 (10% MFW), and T3 (15% MFW) to examine the physical qualities, metabolizable Energy (ME), in vitro organic matter...
Muhammad Musa1*, Saba Saeed2, Azher Mustafa2, Muhammad Ussama Yasin2, Saima Naseer2 and Iftikhar Haider3
...nutrients were sprayed thrice using three different concentrations (0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%) with 15-days interval. Although all activators were found effective to manage PLRV with some variations, but maximum disease was managed by salicylic acid with 0.75% concentration. In case of nutrients application, both solutions were found to be effective against PLRV but macronutrients solution with 0.75% concentration was found more effective than micronutrients solutio...
Muhammad Zeeshan Nadeem1, Muhammad Farrukh Saleem1*, Muhammad Ashfaq Wahid1 and Muhammad Anwar ul Haq2
... design and replicated thrice. The results revealed that seed germination, plant growth, fodder yield and quality were improved by all seed priming agents over the control, but CaCl2 priming outclassed all other priming agents for all the attributes. For example, seed priming of CaCl2 increased plant height significantly during both years of study over the other priming agents. Similarly, maximum fodder yield during both growing seasons (67 t ha-1) was ob...
Iftikhar Alam1*, Muhammad Ali2 and Muhammad Farooq3*
...food quality; high food prices; low food diversity and restricted food environment. Themes related to physical activity were limited physical activity (PA) resources; lack of programmed PA and limited knowledge/awareness support. Participants were very contented with photo-elicitation stimulated discussions. Using these photos, students were able to differentiate between healthy and unhealthy eating and lifestyle habits. Photo elicitation is an effective techn...
Nishant Shah1*, Rakesh Kumar Yadav1, Anil Gautam1*, Shambhu Shah1 and Mohan Kumar Gupta2
Amal Ramadan Fawy1, Hussein Yousef Ahmed2, El-Sayed S.E. Shabana3, Mohamed Abdelfattah Maky4*
...able oils (olive oil and rice bran oil) on their quality. Twenty beef burger samples were collected from Qena markets, Egypt. They were divided into four groups based on their price; A, B, C, and D, with group A being the cheapest while the group D being the most costly. Proximate and quality analysis were conducted. Group D of Egyptian beef burger had a greater protein than other groups as well as being the best in ter...
Ch. Muhammad Rafiq1, Muhammad Rizwan1*, Bilal Atta1, Arshed Makhdoom Sabir1, Misbah Rizwan2, Muhammad Arshad3, Muhammad Zeeshan3, Hamza Latif3, Usama Bin Khalid1, Shawaiz Iqbal1
...a serious insect pest of rice crops throughout Asia. In case of a severe attack, the whole crop turns brown called ‘hopperburn’ and farmers face great yield losses. The experiments were performed to evaluate the planting geometry and nutritional effects on N. lugens abundance and yield attributes of the crop using susceptible rice (var. Basmati 515). Results indicated that planting geometries with more space (60 ...
Muhammad Waqas Imam Malik1, Khalid Usman1*, Amir Hamza1, Muhammad Saad1, Said Ghulam2 and Azmat Ullah1
... design and replicated thrice. Tillage system (i.e. reduced and conventional) was main plot treatment and potassium levels (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 & 250 kg ha-1) sub-plot. K-levels were applied 50, 100, 150, 200, and 200 kg ha-1 as soil application treatments and 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 as a foliar application of 2% K2SO4 solution at peak boll formation stage. Results revealed that tillage did not influence yield and quality attributes of cotton; however, potassiu...
Iqra Ejaz1, Saima Chaudhry2 and Sarah Ghafoor1*
...n of 1% curcumin and licorice, in an animal model of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), as a possible treatment modality. Animal model of OSMF was created by injecting an anti-cancer drug Bleomycin (1mg/mL) into buccal mucosa of animals daily for 8 weeks. The 24 male Wistar rats were equally divided into two groups; six rats (group 1A) were injected with normal saline (control group) while 18 rats (groups 1B, 2A and 2B, experimental groups) were injected with ble...
Auzair Javaid Butt, Irfan Ullah*, Shahid Ali, Khurram Nawaz Saddozai and Jahangir Khan
...produce at a reasonable price and make it accessible for ultimate consumers in preferred shape and location in the required duration. This research is carried out to analyze the existing marketing channels, marketing costs and margins of different market functionaries of potato crop in the selected villages of district Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan in 2019. For this purpose, a total of seventy producers, twenty wholesalers and twenty retailers are rand...
Desy Cahya Widianingrum1*, Himmatul Khasanah1, Melinda Erdya Krismaputri1, Susan Barbara Patricia Sembiring Meliala2
...e wafer consisted of 30% rice straw, 30% concentrate, 30% indigofera, 5% molasses, and 5% VCO. The group of treatments were wafer supplemented with VCO (P0); wafer supplemented with VCO saponification (P1); wafer supplemented with VCO protected by formaldehyde (P2); wafer without VCO (P3); and wafer supplemented with VCO mixed on indigofera (P4). Each treatments were using six replications and tested for their physical quality, rancidity, and rumen fermentatio...
Iqtidar Hussain1*, Shakeel Ahmad Jatoi2, Muhammad Jawad Nazir1, Ehtesham Ul Haq1, Faheem Abbas1 and Muhammad Saqib Raza Shah1
....), maize (Zea mays L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.), pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucumL.), bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench. Response of aqueous leaves extract was assessed through various agronomic and physiological parameters including number of plants emerged, leaves per plant, chlorophyll content, root and shoot length, plant fresh and dry biomass were studied. The strong phytotoxic effect of aqueous extract on all the ...
Sajid Hanif1, Abdul Shakoor1,4*, Muhammad Farrukh Saleem1, Ifra Saleem2, Sajid Ali3, Muhammad Awais Ashraf4, Majid Nadeem4, Hira Shair4, Anwar ul Haq5, Rana Abdul Hamid Khan6 and Muhammad Amir Amin7
...es instigate substantial rice yield reductions. A pot trial was laid out to observe the efficacy of foliar spray of proline on rice in the alleviation of both heat and drought effects in rice. Pot experiment was laid out in Kharif season 2018 inside the glasshouse of University of Agriculture Faisalabad. Treatments viz., control (no stress imposition) and stress treatments viz., drought; h...
Farah Rasheed1*, Ana Aslam1, Muhammad Aftab1, Ghulam Sarwar2, Raheela Naz1, Hina Nazir3, Sadia Sultana1, Amina Kalsom1, Nisa Mukhtar1, Ifra Saleem1, Qudsia Nazir1, Muhammad Arfan-ul-Haq1, Abid Niaz4, Muhammad Arif1, Aamer Sattar1, Sarfraz Hussain5 and Adnan Rafique6
... zinc bioavailability in rice grain. Three level of phosphorus fertilizer viz. 60, 90, 120 kg ha-1 were employed with 5 and 10 kg ha-1 of zinc fertilizer. Treatment applied with the recommended dose of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was taken as control. Paddy yield data were collected and rice grain was analysed for phosphorus, zinc and phytic acid contents. Findings showed that maximum paddy yield (4.80 t ha-1) was fou...
Shahid Ali1*, Murtaza2, Waqas Ahmad1, Nargis Bibi3, Aftab Khan2 and Jahangir Khan1
... technical efficiency of rice farmers in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A sample of 300 rice growers was drawn randomly using a multistage sampling procedure through a well-organized pretested interview schedule. Stochastic frontier models (SFM-1 and SFM-2) were utilized to investigate effects of farm inputs and socioeconomic factors on rice production. Results of SFM-1 explicated that all ...
Tertia Delia Nova1*, Yulia Yelita2, Rizky Machicula1
...nd in swamps, lakes, and rice fields. This feed is classified as an unconventional feed that can be used as an alternative feed ingredient for fibrous protein sources. In addition, it contains several minerals, xanthophyll pigments and -carotene which are important nutrients for ducks. However, the practical use of this plant has not been fully studied. This experimental study used a Randomized Block Design with a Split Plot pattern. The ducks were divided int...
Abdulaziz A. Alaqil1*, Mohammed I. Buhaya2
...i Arabia market’s prices.
Keywords | Laying hens, Linseed oil, Egg production, Blood hematology, Plasma biochemistry, Cholesterol profile, Economic efficiency
...
Zulqarnain Haider1*, Muhammad Akhter2, Syed Sultan Ali1, Tahir Latif1, Rana Ahsan Raza Khan1, Awais Riaz1, Tahira Bibi1, Muhammad Ijaz3, Qasim Raza1, Mohsin Ali Raza4, Samina Sarfaraz1, Muhammad Iqbal1 and Muhammad Rafiq1
... promising elite basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.) lines including three checks were investigated in advance generation. Triplicated randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used during three consecutive years from 2016 to 2018 and the data were subjected to combined ANOVA, correlation, principal component, GGE biplots in order to demonstrate the stability and performance of these advance Basmati lines. A highly significant and exploitable level of genetic var...
Robina Karim1*, Farhan Ali1, Ali Muhammad1, Nasrullah2, Azra3 and Tahir Mehmood4
... vegetables, 74.04 gm of rice, 81.99 gm of pulses, 42.24 gm fats, 77.02 ml milk, 54.66 gm of sugar, 29.81 gm tea and 149.07 gm total fruits daily. In the study area an adult takes 2647.66 calories from the daily food consumption representing a positive figure which is more than the recommended calories of 2350. The estimated poverty line (1.13) based on daily food consumption patterns shows that the people in the study area, on the average, are above the pover...
Hafiz Qaisar Yasin1*, Dora Marinova2 and Muhammad Naveed Tahir3
...four major crops (wheat, rice, cotton and sugarcane) in Punjab. The study found that the average economic values of wheat, rice, cotton, and sugarcane crops are PKR 2.6/m3, PKR 2.4/m3, PKR 2.4/m3, and PKR 3.0/m3, respectively. These values are substantially higher than the current flat-rate canal irrigation water charging rates in Punjab. The research further indicated the need to enhance canal water charging rates to ensure...
Marcos E. Bollido1,2*, Renell Jay G. Villaluz1,2 and Ronald L. Orale1
...ge (ARIMA) models. Pork prices increased by 22-50% in 2021 compared to 2010 data. Live-weight pig prices also increased by 9-39% for the same year in review. It was noted that 27% of the supply was locally produced, and 73% were imported from other regions. Locally sourced pig supply is pegged at 53%, and the rest (47%) are imported from various towns in Samar and other regions. The demand for pork and live pigs is 27% and 5...
Riaz Hussain1*, Adnan Ihsan2, Azaz Ali Shah2, Najeeb Ullah2, Hamza Iftikhar3 and Ranra Jalal4
...ontrol each replicated thrice. Treatments including the extracts of garlic bulb (Allium sativum) @ 2%, tobacco dry leaves (Nicotiana tabacum) @ 2%, red chili (Capsicum spp.) @ 5% and Chinaberry dry fruits (Melia azedarach) @ 10% concentrations were used singly and tobacco dry leaves (N. tabacum) + Chinaberry dry fruits (M. azedarach) @ 1% + 5%, garlicbulb (A. sativum) + Red chili(Capsicum spp.) @1% + 2.5%, tobacco dry leaves (N. tabacum) + Red chili (Capsicum ...
Dede Kardaya*, Ayu Ratnasari, Dewi Wahyuni
...atments consisted of 50% rice bran and 50% aking (leftover rice) diets (R1), 0% GALM in the fermented nonconventional diets (R2), and 6% GALM in the fermented nonconventional diets (R3). The parameters were slaughter weight, carcass weight, carcass percentage, and commercial percentage (wings, breasts, thighs, and back). The R1 diet produced a higher (p<0.05) slaughter weight and carcass weight than R2 and R3 diets, while...
Ali Ahmad1*, Zubair Aslam1, Korkmaz Bellitürk2, Ehsan Ullah1, Ali Raza1 and Muhammad Asif3
...tilizers and get higher price for organic products by utilizing locally available composting material....
Nuraini Nuraini*, Yuliaty Shafan Nur, Ade Djulardi, Robi Amizar, Yesi Chwenta Sari
Ekechukwu Esther1, Ohanu Chinenye1, Ossai Nelson1*, Elijah Okwuonu1, Hinmikaiye Funmilayo1, Ngene Innocent1, Andong Felix1, Ikegbunam Clara2, Echude Daniel1, Ekeh Felicia1 and Odo Gregory1
Farzana Bashir2, Aysha Saleem1, Khalid Iqbal Khichi2, Rubina Nelofer3* and Rauf Ahmad Khan2
...cles (Cu-NP) embedded on rice husk and to use them as a cost effective approach for the removal of microbial contaminant from drinking water. The copper nanoparticles (Cu-NP) were prepared by using copper sulphate, sodium hydroxide and ascorbic acid and then embedded on rice husk for the removal of bacterial contaminants from drinking water. The Cu-NP embedded rice husk then characterized ...
Mahmut Islamoglu
...unn pest Eurygaster integriceps Put. (Heteroptera; Scutelleridae) is the most important pest in Turkey and West Asian countries. In our country, it causes important economic losses in wheat with the epidemics it has made from time to time. E. integriceps spends most of its life in overwintering sites. It is thought that knowing the wintering characteristics of Sunn pest will provide important advantages in the fight against ...
Aqsa Batool1, Masood Rabbani1*, Farhat Nazir Awan2, Sohail Raza1, Sehrish Firyal3 and Shahan Azeem1
...tle and buffalo of wheat rice Punjab, mixed Punjab, cotton/wheat Punjab, Low intensity Punjab and Rain-fed Punjab zones. The study revealed individual seroprevalence of BoHV-1 49.5% in cattle and 51.5% in buffalo. Over all prevalence in five zones of Punjab was observed as 25% in mixed Punjab to 71.25% in Rain-fed Punjab. The BoHV-1 seropositivity ranged from 30 - 60% in cattle and 20-75% in buffaloes. Age, breeds of animals and milking status were not found t...
Ghani Akbar*, Zafar Islam, Muhammad Umar and Shahi Salam
...r productivity is making rice production unsustainable in Pakistan. Therefore, this study evaluated the water saving and productivity benefits of rice on furrow irrigated narrow beds (NB-65cm furrow spacing with 2 crop rows), drip irrigated wide beds (WB-130cm furrow spacing with 5 crop rows) and flood irrigated flat basin (FB) as control. The irrigation was scheduled at above field capacity (30kPa matric potential). The cal...
Phan Truong Khanh* and Tran Thi Hong Ngoc
...ne of the most important rice producing provinces in Vietnam. However, while water is generally abundant, some parts of the province experience seasonal water shortages. This, coupled with the increasing frequency and severity of droughts, perhaps linked to climate change, is impacting adversely on rice production. The overall purpose of the study is planning of irrigation scheduling, it requires information of precise quant...
Pham Tan Nha*, Le Thu Thuy
..., Yeast-fermented broken rice (YR), Probiotic fermented maize (PM). Factor protein level: 20% (CP20) and 16% (CP16). One hundred and eighty Noi chickens at 6 weeks of age (334±9.5 g/bird), and 10 birds per unit (balanced sex) were in the treatment. All treatments were added 4% (DM) of fermented feed to the basal diet. The trial lasted 9 weeks with Noi chickens from 6 to 14 weeks of age. The results showed when adding yeast feed at 4% (DM) to the diet of...
Supply Response Analysis of Gram in the Context of Prices and Non-Prices Factors in Punjab, Pakistan
Naheed Zahra*, Muhammad Qasim, Muhammad Azam Niazi, Muhammad Ishaq and Mubbashira Nazir
... gram in the context of price and non-price factors and to analyze gram production scenario at Punjab, Pakistan by applying ARDL approach. In this study secondary data was used from 1980 to 2018. The estimated results of the study revealed that own prices of gram pulse have positive but statistically insignificant impact on pulses’ production. This can possibly be explained by the fa...
Ahmed Abdul Gafar
...ed the activities of the rice farmers, the rice supply chain to find out if the general view of the impact from literatures is similar or different and then propose pro-active measures/strategies to mitigating shocks against any future outbreak. Data were collected from over 300 households which include about 165 rice farmers. All the rice farmers are ma...
Ifrah Amjad1, Muhammad Nouman Khalid1*, Muhammad Kashif1, Muhammad Noman1, Sajid Ali2, Rizwan Ahmed Shaikh3, Muhammad Babar4, Muhammad Asim Bhutta5 and Amna Bibi5
...na Sub1 and FR-13A. Five rice genotypes (FR-13A, Swarna Sub1, Ciherang Sub1, IR-07-F289 Sub1 and IR-44 Sub1) along with two high yielding local varieties (KSK-133 and Super Basmati) were evaluated under submergence stress in field conditions. The field experiments were laid out in split plot randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Results of ANOVA revealed that chlorophyll contents, plant height, number of productive tillers per plant,...
Bilal Atta1*, Arshed Makhdoom Sabir1, Syed Sultan Ali1, Muhammad Rizwan2, Muhammad Dildar Gogi3, Muhammad Usman Saleem1, Tahir Hussain Awan4, Tahir Latif4, Mohsin Ali Raza1, Muhammad Afzal5 and Nadeem Rehman6
...sing infestation in both rice and wheat mills. Present study was designed to estimate the feeding preference and associated post-harvest losses (growth rate, grain damage and grain losses) of T. castaneum on four rice cultivars (Super Basmati, Basmati 515, Super Basmati 2019 and Super Gold) and their components (Paddy, Brown rice and Polished rice) under...
Muhammad Khalid Bhatti, Khalil Ahmed*, Ghulam Shabir, Muhammad Irfan, Muhammad Ashfaq Anjum, Muhammad Sarfraz, Amar Iqbal Saqib, Abdul Wakeel, Hafeezullah Rafa, Nadeem Iqbal, Muhammad Qaisar Nawaz, Ghulam Qadir, Muhammad Rizwan and Muhammad Faisal Nawaz
... diversity exists within rice species for salinity tolerance. Therefore, a study was executed to identify salinity tolerance of seventeen advance rice lines based on of agronomic characters and Na and K contents. Advance lines of rice namely, SRI-22, SRI-23, SRI-24, SRI-25, SRI-26, SRI-27, SRI-28, SRI-29, SRI-30, SRI-31, SRI-32, SRI-33, SRI-34, SRI-35, SRI-36, SRI-37, and SRI-38 were trans...
Ergi Bahrioglu1, Mustafa Hac Isa2, Sibel Cengiz2 and Ertan Ercan2*
...rent culture substrates (rice husk, peat, cocopeat, garden soil). There were altogether eight experimental groups with triplicates. The initial stocking density of white worms was 150 worms/unit (2.2 Liters of cylindrical containers), and all the experiments were carried out in the dark at a constant temperature at 18oC. Worms were collected from the substrate by heat treatment and the counting was done manually, using dissection tools. Proximate composition o...
I. K. A. Ibrahim1, M. A. EL-Saedy2, S. F. A. Awd-Allah3 and Z. A. Handoo4, †
...Meloidogyne incognita on rice (Oryza sativa) cultivars 'Giza 178' and Sakha 101' were studied in the greenhouse.
Inoculation with H. goldeni alone or one week before inoculation with M. incognita on rice cv. Sakha 101
resulted in a significant increase in the number of cysts of H. goldeni as compared to plants inoculated with M.
incognita concurrently or a week beforehand. When H. daverti ...
I.K.A. Ibrahim1 and Z. A. Handoo2†
...Mi1) and race 3 (Mi3) on rice (Oryza sativa L.) was studied in the greenhouse. Seventeen rice cultivars were tested for resistance to Mi1 and Mi3. The results showed that rice cvs Araby, Giza 159, Giza 170, Giza 171, Giza 172, Giza 177, Giza 178, Nahda, Sakha 101 and Sakha 102 were either susceptible or highly susceptible to Mi1. Rice cvs A95, IR1, IR22 ...
S. Ahmed†, A. Munir, S. Hameed, S. Asad, M. Fayyaz, M. Zakaria and M. Umer
...of
maize and rice cultivation.
...
A. Jabbar, N. Javed†, S.A. Khan and M.A. Ali
A. Tülek, S.S. Ates, K. Akin, H. Surek, R. Kaya and İ. Kepenekci*†
...determine the effects of rice white-tip nematode Aphelenchoides besseyi on yield and
yield components in the experimental fields of the Thrace Agricultural Research Institute, Turkey in 2012. Four
rice cultivars commonly grown in Turkey were used in trial. The experiment was conducted as split plot in a
completely randomized block design with four replications with treatments (naturally in...
Hendro Prasetyo1*, Diah Karmiyati2, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi2, Ahmad Fauzi2, Trias Agung Pakarti1,3, Mardiana Sri Susanti4, Waris Ali Khan5, Leila Neimane6,7 and Maizirwan Mel8,9
...al programs by producing rice of certain superior cultivars to achieve rice self-sufficiency and sustainability and bundling them with beneficial policies. However, quite a large number of rice farmers continue to grow local rice variants. This study aims to identify, analyze, and describe farmers’ attitude and behavior. A survey was employed for q...
Abdelwahab Mohammed Abdelwahab1,2*, Ahmed Almadani1, Ibrahim Almehsen1
...(14.3 ± 0.15 g) thrice a day. The study lasted fourteen weeks. Feed utilization, growth performance, morphological fish characters, chemical fish composition, flesh color, and blood profiles were determined. The obtained results illustrated that fishmeal replacement with 33.0% biofloc resulted in the nearest results if compared to the control diet in feed utilization, growth performance, morphological fish characters, chemical fish composition, and bloo...
Farid S. Nassar1,2, Abdulaziz M. Alsahlawi3, Mohammad A. Al-Mahaish4, Ahmed O. Abbas1,2*, Abdulaziz A. Alaqil1, Nancy N. Kamel5
...production and the high prices of MWM in the global market. In conclusion, the dietary inclusion of MWM as a replacement of the soybean meal has a beneficial effect on the growth performance, carcass and meat characteristics, and physiological aspects of broiler chickens provided that it is used within the recommended levels, i.e., not exceeding 6% in the broiler diets. However, the economic feasibility of MWM inclusion into broiler diets remains at low CBR an...
Jaffar Hussain1*, Zeenat M. Ali1 and Syed Farman Ali Shah2
...nergy requirement, fuel prices, global warming, emission of green house gases and decrease the sources of fossil fuel are the major problems of these days. Due to increased population, urbanization and industrialization energy sources decrease gradually. Major portion of energy come from fossil fuel and to achieve the requirements of energy to find new source. Biodiesel is alternative renewable, biodegradable, non-toxic and eco-friendly of environment. Jatroph...
Roni Pazla1, Novirman Jamarun1*, Elihasridas1, Arief1, Gusri Yanti2, Zaitul Ikhlas2
... concentrate consists of rice bran, corn, palm kernel cake, salt, and minerals. The treatments were as follows: T0= 35% fermented sugarcane shoots (FSS) + 5% fermented tithonia (FT) + 0% avocado waste (AW) + 60% concentrate, T1= 35% FSS + 9.5% FT + 0.5% AW + 55% concentrate, T2= 35% FSS + 14 % FT + 1% AW + 50% concentrate, T3= 35% FSS + 18.5% FT + 1.5% AW + 45% concentrate. The parameters measured included feed consumption (dry matter, organic matter, and crud...
Aqleem Abbas1, Mustansar Mubeen2, Yasir Iftikhar2, Qaiser Shakeel3*, Hafiz M. Imran Arshad4, Maria del Carmen Zuñiga Romano5 and Sarfaraz Hussain6
... of the major threats to rice crops worldwide. The causal agent of RSB is the necrotrophic fungus Rhizoctonia solani. Finding appropriate management strategies to combat the disease to minimize rice yield losses and reduce global food security threats is challenging. However, scientists are still figuring out the best way to safeguard rice crops from RSB. Recently various pathogenesis-rela...
Muhammad Umair1,2, Muhammad Naeem1, Asad Jamil3 and Muhammad Younas2,4*
...ound with application of rice husk biochar @ 0.3% as compared with saline-sodic control. Similarly, maximum decrease in soil Na+ (59.66%) and SAR (63.65%) was also observed in rice husk biochar @ 0.3% when compared with saline-sodic control. However, soil Ca2++Mg2+ was found maximum (39.82%) for rice husk biochar @ 0.15% as compared to saline-sodic control. Similarly, all treatments improv...
Ayaz Ahmed1*, Muhammad Zulfiqar1 and Saadutullah Khan2
...formation about product price, negative role of middleman and informal money lending process. Based on these findings this study made following recommendations. Road, communication and storage facilities should be built in the study areas. Villager’s access to information about certain NTFP price and its market should be enhanced through radio and other media. Forest department should design plan for management and sus...
Saba Iqbal1, Salman Khurshid1*, Hafiza Mehwish Iqbal1, Qurrat-Ul-Ain Akbar1, Aqeel Ahmed Siddique3, Saqib Arif1, Shahid Yousaf2, Masooma Munir4, Abdul Karim Khan4, Shazia Arif5, Abdul Ahad6 and Muhammad Arif7
...or variety of samples matrices. The present work has been undertaken to assess the efficacy of NIRS method for quantitative characterization of wheat grains in terms of hardness. Since wheat is the staple food and its hardness is one of the basic quality traits being used in local and international trade. In addition to the NIR-spectroscopy, wheat grain samples were also analyzed through standard methods for hardness such as hardness index (HI) and particle si...
Muhammad Yaseen1, Muhammad Luqman1*, Sheer Abbas2, Usman Saleem1, Abdul-Gafar Ahmed3 and Muhammad Salman Aslam1
...ps like wheat, maize and rice at district level. It is expected that majority of crops under consideration to be harmfully affected by increasing temperature and irregular rainfalls. It is also observed and categorized the sources through information are collected by farmers about changing in climate conditions. In this study, local adaption practices and strategies, private and government institutional support and efforts, national adaption policies and strat...
MUHAMMAD ASHFAQ*1, QURAT-UL-AIN ASGHAR1, RAHILA HAFEEZ1, AMNA ALI1, MUHAMMAD SALEEM HAIDER1, MUHAMMAD ALI1, MUHAMMAD BILAL CHATTHA1 ABDUL RASHEED1 & MUHAMMAD SAJJAD2
...born micro-flora of five rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties viz. Basmati-198, Basmati-802, Basmati Pak, Basmati Shaheen and Basmati-370 were studied using agar plate and blotter paper method. Highest percentage of myco-flora (17%) was found to be associated with seeds of Basmati Pak that was considerably more than myco-flora associated with all other varieties of rice. The highest percentage of bacterial isolates (16%) was rec...
Nguyen Thi Kim Dong1*, Nguyen Van Thu2 , Nguyen Hoang Qui3
...sh meal 20% (FM), broken rice 80% (BR) and the other three diets, in which the content of FM was 25.0, 50.0 and 100% of the FM level in the basal diet and was replaced by ensiled shrimp by-products corresponding the SBP1, SBP2 and SBP3 diet, respectively. Daily intakes of ether extract (EE) and fiber fractions increased with increasing levels of SBP. The apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), ether extract (EE), and nitroge...
Ovirup Bhushan Paul1, Shodipta Sharma Urmi2, Md. Ashraf Ali Biswas3*
...roughage of silage & rice straw and 30% concentrate mixture. FTMR feed was produced by mixing TMR feed with molasses containing Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Prepared TMR and FTMR feed mixed with rumen fluid buffer for in vitro digestion at 6h, 12h, 24h, & 48h of the incubation period. There were five replications at each of TMR and FTMR dietary treatments. Mean comparison of both TMR and FTMR group evaluated by t-test assuming equal variances. We observe...
Riko Noviadi, Dwi Desmiyeni Putri, Gusma Gama Maradon*, Agung Adi Candra, Nani Irwani, Gadis Apriani, Made Guntur Candra Adinata, I Made Krisnanda
...provide a comparison of price differences in each treatment and can reduce production costs with the application of as much as 11.25% in broiler rations. The oven-drying (P2) can improve the water quality, roasting (P3) can increase metabolic energy, and hot water scalding (P4) can reduce production costs and has economic value by analysis results price BEP of Rp. 25,645.35, Product BEP of 21.38 kg, IOFC of Rp. 734,032.90, R...
Theresia Nur Indah Koni*, Tri Anggarini Yuniwati Foenay, Stormy Vertygo
... and nutrient content of rice bran fermented anaerobically for six days. This experiment used a Completely Randomized Design with four treatments and four replications. The treatments included rice bran without palmyra sap and urea (T0), rice bran with 2% urea (T1), rice bran with 10% palmyra sap (T2), and rice bran wi...
Bismillah Khan1*, Muhammad Mehran Anjum1,2*, Maaz Ullah1, Izharullah1, Aftab Ahmad3 and Jawad Akbar1
...arrangement replicated thrice. Treatments were consisted of sowing dates (1st November, 16th November and 1st December 2020) and wheat lines (MY409-4, MY1617, MY1416, MY291-4, MY1501, MY1419 and MY902) with one local wheat check (PS-15). Sowing dates were assigned to the main plot and wheat lines to the sub plot. Results indicated that local check PS-15 resulted in higher weeds density (79.6 plants m-2), (64.0 plants m-2) and (39.6 plants m-2) 30, 60 and 90 DA...
Shaimaa A.Tawfik2,3, EL S.T. Awad1*, Hoda O.Abu Bakr1, Amira M.Gamal-Eldeen4, Esmat Ashour2, Ismail M.Ahmed1
... at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg trice weekly to be totally 15 mg/kg for two weeks. G1 Control, G2 CSO, G3 Doxorubicin, G4 CSO/DOX. Antioxidant activity, histopathological examination, immunohistochemical analysis of CYP3A4, MRP-1, and c-MYC proteins and expression of miRNAs were assayed. Results: Findings indicated that CSO treatment led to a suppression in hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity and cardiotoxicity induced by DOX in male albino rats evidenced by a signifi...
Fatimah Mohammed Alsarawi1*, Azharia Abdelbagi Elbushra1,2 and Ishtiag Faroug Abdalla1,3
...roducts (GDP), consumer price index, meat price index and population. The results revealed that self-sufficiency of poultry meat was declining by 0.11% and the food gap increased by 24 thousand tons annually. The model results showed a statistically significant positive association between domestic consumption of poultry meat and GDP, and a negative significant statistically relationship with meat pr...
Faiza Siddique1, Muhammad Shahzad Ahmed1, Rana Arsalan Javaid1, Alvina Hanif1, Maria Rabnawaz1, Muhammad Arshad2, Irum Raza3 and Abid Majeed1*
...is environmental stress, rice, which is a drought-sensitive crop, exhibits notable varietal variability. for the estimation of elite coarse rice lines to withstand against the drought stress especially during early plant developmental phases and germination and seedling stage, an experiment was carried out from June to July 2021 at the Rice Molecular Breeding Laboratory of the
Muhammad Hasnain1, Qudsia Nazir2, Ifra Saleem2*, Syed Shahid Hussain Shah1, Muhammad Asif Ali1 and Noor ul Ain3
...ains of staple food like rice and wheat and possible choice to reduce/decrease the Zn deficiency among humans of poor world. Around the globe main/basic reasons of Zn deficiency are intensive agriculture and ignorance to micronutrient fertilization. Soils with less organic matter (OM), high in pH and calcareousness contribute in Zn deficiency. Moreover, efficiency of zinc (Zn) in soils is usually very little due to fixation of Zn in the soil matrix. So, a stud...
Abid Hussain1*, Hassnain Shah1, Muhammad Nadeem Iqbal2 and Tariq Sultan3
...ogy resulted in premium prices of the produce by ten percent. Benefit cost ratio of micronutrients use for citrus orchards was 5.71. Use of micronutrients for off-season vegetables resulted into even better gains; increased productivity of chili pepper, cucumber, bottle gourd and bell papers by 31.9, 40.6, 29.9 and 11.1 percent; with benefit cost ratios of 28.1, 17.4, 15.0 and 11.4, respectively. Similarly, application of Biozote for wheat production increased...
Munasik*, Titin Widiyastuti, Caribu Hadi Prayitno
...livestock, but when the price of corn rises and its supply declines, it becomes essential to find alternative ingredients to use in animal feed. This study explores the use of cassava (tapioca by-products) and tofu dregs as substitutes for corn through fermentation technology using Neurospora sp. This produces alternative feed ingredients with nutrient levels that are in balance with corn. To improve the quality of the cassava-tofu dreg mixture, this study use...
Abdul Hassan1*, Arshad Farooq1, Muhammad Ishaq2, Ghulam Sadiq2 and Asif Nawaz3
...ied in village and land price changes had loading in production risk factors. Government programs and inadequate extension services had loadings in institutional risk factors while financial risk factors were no financial support by input dealers and no capacity to provide inputs. Fluctuation in input prices and market competition in- or sells-off had loadings in market risk factor while factors of human risk had loadings on...
Javeria Khourshid*, Ghulam Abbas, Shahnaz Rashid, Asma Fatima* and Abdul Malik
...ementary pelleted diet thrice daily at 2% of their total body weight. Results showed that WG and SGR were significantly higher in T1, in which we applied Oxy Aqua organic® product without aeration than T2, whereas no significant difference (p>0.05) was found in FCR between treatments. No mortality was occurring during the whole experimental period. Comparative growth analysis of both fish species revealed that OxyAqua organic is highly suitable for enha...
Winda Sartika1*, Budi Hartono2, Hari Dwi Utami2, Lilik Eka Radiati2
...g industry’s beef price is IDR 115,000.00-IDR 120,000.00 per kilogram, about 7.5% lower than the price for household consumers, IDR 130,000.00 per kilogram. The most efficient marketing channel comprises farmers, collectors, and final consumers, with a marketing efficiency value of 0.94 %. Marketing collaboration and active supply chain institutions involved in the supply of raw materials for the rendang industry can m...
Muhammad Usman Shafi1, Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan1*, Tiyyabah Khan2, Waheed Anwar2, Adnan Akhter2 and Muhammad Zubair3
Khalil1*, Dwi Ananta1, Andri Bachtiar2, Hermon3
...and nutritional value of rice straw supplemented with 1% calcite-based mineral mixture, 0.6% molasses, and 0.05% urea. The supplemented straws were stored for 60 days in three bulk treatments: loose stacking, open-tied rolling, and airtight wrapping. The changes in physical appearances, botanical fraction, proximate, and fiber fraction content were determined. The nutritive values of stored rice straws were evaluated by feed...
Siswanto Imam Santoso*, Agus Setiadi, Wahyu Dyah Prastiwi
...eeds, feed, dried-cooked rice, trash fish, processing, business pattern, marketing, technology, and production; the endogenous variable was sustainability. Structural equation modeling (SEM) using TETRAD-IV software was employed to establish the analytical model. The results show that duck farming is sustainable regarding social, economic, and environmental aspects. Medical and technological factors significantly affect production. Social factors, egg processi...
Dede Kardaya*, Deden Sudrajat, Dewi Wahyuni
...eep rearing is the high price of protein source feed in tropical regions. Therefore, in this study, we substituted protein sources of the feed with urea which was processed with slow-release technology to avoid urea poisoning. Slow-release urea-impregnated zeolite (UZ) and Indonesia’s natural zeolite (Z) were examined using 24 heads of seven-eight months old of local male lambs (20.12 ± 2.1 kg BW) allotted to four treatments in a randomized group ...
Rizki Palupi*, Arfan Abrar, Fitri Nova Liya Lubis, Yuni Kurniati, Bianca Ikriza Octa Nadia Putri
...re of concentrate, corn, rice bran and fishmeal, and CCI according to the treatment. The observed variables were nutrient digestibility (dry matter, crude protein and crude fiber), hematological status and blood malondialdehyde levels in blood of broiler chickens. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and further tested by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results of this study indicated that the CCI had a significant (P<0.05) effect on nutrient digestibility, h...
Komal Javed1, Sohaib Muhammad1*, Zarghaam Khan1, Sehar Fatima1, Hassan Nawaz1, Mahrukh1, Tahira Khalid1 and Shariat Ullah2
...lysis of weeds of wheat, rice and sugarcane crops of Tehsil Muridke, District Sheikhupura, Pakistan. Sampling was done randomly with the help of a quadrat method (1m2). For each crop, sixty quadrats were taken from each village i.e., twenty quadrats from each selected site. The data was gathered after every fifteen days during the course of crop. For the determination of Importance Value Index (IVI) percentage frequency, density and percentage cover were deter...
Yuliaty*, Brigida A. Correia, LigiaT. Correia, Joao Americo, Mateus Da Cruz De Carvalho, Joana da C. Freitas
...ent, sorghum can replace rice. However, in Timor-Leste, planting has not been as intensive as staple food crops such as rice, corn and other popular food sources. Many technological innovations to produce high sorghum crop productivity have been produced such as using fertilizer and planting distance set. The research aims to investigate production potency of sorghum which cultivated with vary of level fermented organic fert...
Muhammad Adeel Farooq1, Shaukat Ali1*, Ali Hassan1, Rida Sulayman1, Muhammad Ahsan Kaleem2, Hafsa Shahzad1, Muhammad Summer1, Arooj Latif1, Tahreem Tanveer1
...wheat bran, apple peels, rice husk, and cucumber peels. The mutant strains of Bacillus subtilis (BSAA-5 to BSAA-40) and Bacillus licheniformis (BLAA-5 to BLAA-40) were prepared by exposure to UV radiation for 5 to 40 min to synthesize α-amylase via submerged fermentation. Then the crude α-amylase synthesized by these mutant strains was optimized and partially characterized. In contrast to wild and all other mutant strain BSAA-25 and BLAA-25 strains...
Akbar Hayat1*, Muhammad Asim1*, Tehseen Ashraf2, Ehsan-Ul-Haque1, Rabia Zulifqar2, Maryam Nasir3, Ahmed Raza1, Fahim Khadija1, Sohaib Afzal1 and Shafqat Ali1
Ghulam Sarwar Channa1*, Abdul Razak Mahar1, Inayatullah Rajpar2, Abdul Aziz Mirani3, Saleem Maseeh Bhatti2, Muneer Ali Bhagat1 and Wazir Ali Maitlo4
...is reducing the yield of rice crop in the world. The tolerance level of five native non-aromatic, coarse rice cultivars (IR-6, IR-8, DR-82, DR-83 and DR-92) was tested in the current study. A local nursery was established for each cultivar and healthy seedlings were shifted in isolated hydroponic plastic tubs containing the Hoagland solution and 0 (control), 40, 80, 120 and 160 mM of NaCl concentrations. Amongst the five
Uzma Ishaque1, Erum Iqbal1*, Shahnaz Dawar2 and Nasira Kazi1
... 1865 was collected from rice (Oryza sativa L.) field in Nawabshah, Sindh, Pakistan, which has been described and illustrated. Mononchus oryzae n.sp., is characterized by its body, 1.508-1.528 mm long, lip region 23-24 µm wide, buccal cavity 34-36 x 16-17 µm with tooth apex located at 20-22% of stoma length and 3.9-4.2 anal body diameter long tail. M.oryzae n.sp. comes close to M. nudus Gagarin, 1991 and M. labiatus Shah and Hussain, 2016. It diffe...
Novirman Jamarun1, Roni Pazla1*, Arief2, Elihasridas1, Gusri Yanti3, Rani Winardi Wulan Sari4, Zaitul Ikhlas4
...prised tofu dregs, corn, rice bran, palm kernel cake, minerals, and salt. A randomized block design with four treatments and four groups of goat body weight as replicates was employed in the research. The four treatments were as follows: (T1 = mangrove leaves hay (MLH) 35% + fermented T. diversifolia (FTD) 5% + Concentrate (C) 60%, T2 = MLH 30% + FTD 10% + C 60%, T3= MLH 25% + FTD 15% + C 60%, T4= MLH 20% + FTD 20% + C 60%). Parameters measured included body w...
Hari Prashad Joshi, Kuaanan Techato, Khamphe Phoungthong* and Keshav Raj Panthee
...study of determinants of rice production from a different perspective. This study also has made an effort to investigate the determinants of rice production in Nepal taking annual mean temperature, cultivation area, fertilizer used, and precipitation rate as the independent variable by the use of the Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Model. The data analysis from 1990 to 2019 showed that annual mean annual temperature a...
Amistu KU1,2*, Monahan FJ2, Wims P2, Yonatan KY1 , Fahey AG2, Takele TA3
... feed intake and market price. Moreover, cattle market prices are highly influenced (p<.05) by fasting season, market type/distance and body condition. Therefore, by-product-based beef cattle production systems are practiced in Wolaita, southern Ethiopia and are associated with low-input systems. These has to be improved if beef production in the area is to operate on a commercial basis. ...
Sami Ullah1, Choudary Ihtasham Ali1, Umar Ijaz Ahmed1*, Shoaib Nasir1 and Amjad Masood2
...nsuming healthier food, price is an essential criterion for low-income consumers. Based on the findings, the availability of good quality vegetable oil to the masses requires time which can be ensured by enhancing local vegetable oil production and market competitive prices....
Nadeem Akmal1, Abid Hussain1*, Muhammad Yousaf2, Waqar Akhtar1 and Hassnain Shah1
... of the crop. Currently, rice farming in Pakistan is in transition, with the coexistence of conventional and mechanized farming. In this reference public sector is supporting rice farmers through the knowledge dissemination and service provision in the country for the mechanization of rice crop. In this article economic comparison of mechanical and conventional ric...
Khwaja Junaid and Shah Alam Khan
...ext-align: justify;">The rice leaf folder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Gueee (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), is major leaf feeding pest of rice, Oryza sativa L. (Poaceae), and is widely distributed throughout the rice producing countries in Asian, causing considerable yield losses. Cultivation of susceptible rice varieties is among the major reasons of insect pes...
Baoxuan Nong1,2, Biqiu Wu3, Anlong Xu2, Wenai He2 and Yongfu Qiu2*
... a significant threat to rice production. Identification of WBPH-resistant germplasm and genes can promote the development of resistance varieties and effectively limit pest damage. In this study, fourteen varieties of rice were surveyed for insect resistance by assessing growth rates via seedbox screening, feeding activity via measurements of honeydew excretion, and insect development by counting the number of hatched nymph...
Salma Sharif1, Rana Arsalan Javaid2*, Abid Majeed2, Muhammad Shahzad Ahmed2, Qurat ul Ain Sani2, Faiza Siddique2, Muhammad Arshad3 and Niaz Ali1
...orld’s population, rice (Oryza Sativa L., family=Poaceae, 2n=24) is the second most important food crop after wheat. It is produced in several states all around the world, while primarily being grown in river deltas of Asia and the Southeast Asia. Therefore, it is of major significance to food security in a growing amount of less privileged countries. A study was carried out to assess indigenous rice germplasm using qu...
Rusli Tonda1, Lili Zalizar1*, Wahyu Widodo1, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi1, David Hermawan1, Damat Damat1, Zane Vincēviča-Gaile2, Irum Iqrar3, Trias Agung Pakarti4,5, Shazma Anwar6 and Wirawan Wira7
...arming, and “aking rice” is one such product. After cleaning and rinsing, rice remains are sundried to reach a water content of < 14 %. However, no literature or findings are yet to discover whether “aking rice” is palatable for poultry. Therefore, this study is focused on determining “aking rice” palatability to se...
Irfan Safdar Durrani*, Noreen Asim and Ammar Sohail
... genomic DNA from Indica rice cultivar Dilrosh-97 and subsequently purified and sequenced. Sequence analysis using Plant Care online database revealed 32 different regulatory elements in Nipponbare while 31 different regulatory elements were found in Dilrosh-97. The cis-acting elements were found to be involved in plant hormonal inductions, developments and biotic and abiotic stress response. Notably, the OsGLP12-3 gene promoter from Dilrosh-97 was found to co...
Naeem Tariq Narejo1*, Muhammad Hanif Chandio2, Faheem Saddar3, Majida Parveen Narejo4, Bushra Ainy Dars5, Hafeez ur Rehman Narejo6, Athar Mustafa Laghari2, Shafiq ur Rehman Shaikh3, Shahnaz Rashid7 and Ghulam Abbas7
...e ingredients (wheat and rice bran, powder of mustard oil cakes, whole wheat flour etc.) to have varying levels of crude protein, specifically 35%, 40%, and 45%. The aeration provided to the aquaria was continuous for 24 hours, and feeding occurred twice daily. The findings of this study indicate that T-II demonstrated the highest performance in terms of growth metrics, followed by T-III. Conversely, a significant drop in performance was observed in T-I (p <...
Ikramullah and Inayatullah Jan*
... maize (14.5 kanal), and rice (1.71 kanal). The results of the paired t-test revealed a significant increase in the mean differences of wheat, maize, and rice, after the implementation of OFWM practices as shown by p<0.05 for these crops. Based on the findings, it is concluded that the OFWM component of the FWRDP has a greater role in expansion of irrigated land in the study area. The findings of the study have important ...
Ahmad Khan1, Muhammad Amjad Ali1, Muhammad Tahir1, Samreen Nazeer2*, Muhammad Zubair Akram3*, Muhammad Arslan Azmat1 and Sabina Asghar4
...monly referred to as the rice root-knot nematode (RKN), represents a substantial and prevalent challenge in Southeast Asia. This nematode species is recognized as one of the foremost biotic constraints in the region, making it a prominent and recurring issue for agriculture and crop management. This study investigated the response of fourteen different wheat plant varieties to root knot nematode and their impact on plant growth parameters. Impact of morphologi...
Yu Song1*, Yueping Wei2 and Peng Wang3
... justify;">Co-culture of rice with aquatic animals has garnered widespread interest for its potential to control soil-borne diseases, improve soil quality and increase rice yields. Therefore, it is necessary to further explore its mechanism. In this study, the samples of different growth stages of rice, including tillering stage (TS), jointing stage (JS), heading stage (HS) and mature stag...
Merita Ayu Indrianti1,2*, Didi Rukmana3, Eymal Bahsar Demmallino3, Muh. Hatta Jamil3
...y with the third largest rice production in the world. To strengthen food security in the future, Indonesia needs to implement food protection policies in every region. This underlies the issuance of several related regulations, including Law No. 41 of 2009 about sustainable food agricultural land (LP2B), Government Regulation (PP) No. 12 of 2012 about incentives for protecting LP2B. The success of implementing these regulations is certainly different in each ...
Maria Endo Mahata1*, Yose Rizal1, Zurmiati1, Sepri Reski1, Indah Fitri Sakinah Limbong2, Dian Saputri2
... to increasing trend in prices of traditional feed ingredients, researchers are exploring marine resources as a novel cheap substitutions for poultry industry. This study aims to determine the effect of partial replacement of traditional feed ingredients like corn and rice bran with brown seaweed Sargassum crassifolium on broiler performance. The study employed a fully randomized design, incorporating four replacement treatm...
Makmun1, Imam Mujahidin Fahmid2, Muhammad Saleh S. Ali2*, Muhammad Yamin Saud2, Rahmadanih3
...ined). The rise in feed prices and the fall in egg prices have significantly impacted small and medium-sized farms, driving many into bankruptcy. Farmers can also make do with fewer animals, altered feeding regimens, and a waiting period for more steady prices. In conclusion, farmers who operate large-scale enterprises are less impacted by changes in the cost of inputs and outputs because ...
Nguyen Binh Truong1,2*, Ho Xuan Nghiep1,2, Tran Trung Tuan1,2
...were Maize (Ma), Brocken rice (Br), Cassava chip (Ca) and Wheat (Wh). The proportion of combination (% dry matter intake) in two energy feed sources was 15% and 15% such as MaCa, MaWh, BrCa and BrWh. The results show that dry matter intake per body weight of BrWh (3.42%) and BrCa (3.40%) treatments tended to high compared to the MaCa (3.29%) and MaWh (3.08%) treatments. The organic matter digestibility (%) of BrCa was not different (P>0.05) with MaWh and Br...
Ali Zohaib1*, Muzzammil Hussain2, Ishtiaq Hassan3, Muhammad Tahir Latif2, Tahira Tabassum1 and Naeem Faisal2
...echanically transplanted rice (MTR). Study was performed to evaluate different puddled soil settling periods (24, 48 and 72 hours) and seedling age (20, 25 and 30 days) for decreasing the missing hills while improving plant and root growth, and consequently grain yield of MTR. Experiment was conducted using randomized complete block design (RCBD) with split-plot arrangement and three replications during 2020 and 2021. Shoot and root length as well as dry mass ...
Sukhpreet Kaur Sidhu1*, Gurkirat Singh Sekhon1, Sachin Kumar1, Tejdeep Kaur Kler1 and Anureet Kaur Chandi2
... surrounded by wheat and rice crop fields. Three ponds were selected and surveyed during April 2020 to March 2021 in village Mukrabpur, district Rupnagar (pond I), village Gopalpur, district Ludhiana (pond II) and in Punjab Agricultural University (PAU) campus (pond III), district Ludhiana. Out of 67 bird species recorded 44, 47 and 46 were observed at pond I, pond II and pond III respectively. Seventeen species of purely insectivorous and 19 species of partia...
Taleeha Roheen1, Shagufta Kamal1*, Shazia Anwer Bukhari1, Ghulam Mustafa1 and Saima Rehman2
...anotrophic bacteria from rice paddy soil of different regions of Punjab, Pakistan were studied using phylogenetic analysis. Morphological and biochemical analysis showing the presence of different species of novel methanogenic archaea and sMMO-producing methanotrophic bacteria in rice paddy soil samples. The evolutionary analysis indicated a phylogram with five monophyletic groups (MPG-I to MPG-V). Results revealed that thre...
Skeikh Mustafizur Rahman1*, Mst. Shirin Sharmin Khan1, Yousef Ahmed Alkhamis2,3, Roshmon Thomas Mathew2, Md. Moshiur Rahman1, Mohammed Monirul Islam4, Md. Asadujjaman5 and Md. Golam Sarower1
...lues in relation to the price of individual species. Protein content (13.27–33.56%) between species and methods of cooking varied considerably. The highest amounts of protein (19.18 to 33.55%) were found in the fried fish, while the raw and boiled fish contained almost similar amount (protein, 14.00 to 19.57%). Fat content differed between species ranged from 0.38 to 4% in raw fish, 0.78 to 3.43% in boiled fish, and 15.72 to 33.78% in fried fish. The ash...
Pankaj Gargotra1, Judith Betsy C1*, Cheryl Antony2 and Stephen Sampath Kumar J3
...ch fetching high market price but there is limited data related to its nutritional requirements and reproductive biology. Therefore, a detailed study was carried out to analyze the effect of vitamin enriched diets on the captive maturation and breeding performance of L. thermalis. Vitamins A, C and E were incorporated at three different doses in basal feed containing 23% C.P and fed to brooders for a period of 90 days. Fecundity, GSI, gonad histology, hormone ...
Muhammad Tahir Latif1*, Muzzammil Hussain1, Ali Zohaib2 and Ishtiaq Hassan3
...text-align: justify;">In rice-wheat cropping system the emerging Super Seeder (SS) is a tractor operated single pass solution to incorporate the standing and loose paddy residues into soil without burning, prepares land and concurrently sows wheat seed. This study was conducted during 2022 to assess the pros and cons of SS for wheat sowing as well as to compare the economics of wheat production to conventional tillage/broadcasting method (CT). As the SS has no...
Tran Trung Tuan1,2, Nguyen Binh Truong1,2*
...etary supplementation of rice wine distillers’ by-product (RDB) on digestibility and nitrogen retention of goats. Four female goats, with an average initial body weight used in this experiment was 27.7±1.63 kg at about 10 months old. The experiment was designed as Latin Square with 4 treatments and 4 replications. The study composed of 4 periods. Each period lasted for 3 weeks with 2 weeks for adaptation, followed by 1 week for data collection of ...
Eluzia A. Barus*, Khansa N. Salsabilah, Achmad Firman, Linda Herlina
...,590.53 kg, and the BEP price in rupiah was Rp. 2,187,762,256. The SWOT analysis results show that Camara Farm’s business development strategies should focus on building expansion, better management and price-contractor, higher quality breed, feed, and human resources, business diversification, and technological advancement. Overall, the Camara broiler farm business is profitable in the short term and has p...
Rogia SA Gomez*, Said H Mbaga
...gement, and the selling price of broilers. ...
Zaryab Murad1*, Sobia Bibi1, Shehr e Yar Ahmad1, Mohsin Ali Khan1, Rimsha Sadaf2, Mauz ul Haq1, Umair Manan1 and Muhammad Younas2
...veral health problems as rice (Oryza sativa L.) had the potential that can adsorb a greater amount of Cd. The use of metals polluted rice as a staple food now becomes the main way for exposing human health to metals, thereby the amendment of biochar gained greater attention to sorb and control the uptake of heavy metals by rice. A pot experiment at The University of Agriculture Peshawar de...
Urip Rosani1*, Iman Hernaman1, Rahmat Hidayat1, Darmawan Hidayat2
...trasonic waves to detect rice husks added to rice bran based on physical properties associated with nutrient content. This research utilizes low-intensity ultrasonic waves of 50 kHz transmitted on rice bran mixed with rice husks with particle sizes passing 30 mesh (<0.595 mm). The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between ultrason...
Tri Anggraeni Kusumastuti1, Ikuo Kobayashi2, Ahmad Juwari3, Lovin Dika Antari4*
...livestock ownership and price of each animal. The results of the SWOT analysis show that the main weaknesses in East Java are limited facilities, budget, and livestock mobility conditions but the support of the central government and human resources supports the success of the FMD handling policy. In Miyazaki, policy support is dominated by facilities, human resources, and a strong budget even though there were problems with time accuracy in the initial case o...
Xin Yan Ku1, Phek Jin Kwong1*, Chaiw Yee Teoh1, Mohammad Mijanur Rahman2, Fakar Fariz3
...ts from the palm oil and rice industries as corn replacers, as well as tropic forages like dwarf Napier grass and Trichanthera gigantea for pre-weaning Boer crossbred kids. Proximate analyses were conducted on the feed ingredients and the newly formulated feed before the feeding trial. Twelve (n=12), single-born Boer x Jamnapari crossbred kids, with an average birth weight of 3.25 kg and body condition scoring of 3 to 3.5 were randomly divided into...
Md. Asadujjaman1, Md. Yeamin Hossain2*, Most. Farida Parvin3, Most. Shakila Sarmin2, Fairuz Nawer2, Wasim Sabbir4, Md. Ashekur Rahman2, Nur-E-Farjana Ilah2, Md. Joynal Abedin5, Md. Abdus Samad6 and Gitartha Kaushik7
Shahbaz Hussain1, Asif Ameen2*, Muhammad Ehsan Safdar3, Atif Naeem1, Ahmad Jawad1, Madad Ali1, Muhammad Ather Nadeem3, Ghulam Abbas2, Muhammad Arif2, Muhammad Ahmad Zafar4, Zahid Hassan5
...eds are serious pests in rice sown under direct-seeded rice (DSR) technology. Herbicide-based weed management is becoming increasingly popular, but there is a dire need to choose appropriate herbicides and their effective dose for controlling weeds in DSR fields. A field trial was conducted to appraise the comparative efficacy of three post-emergent herbicides applied at different doses [Clover 20% EC (bispyribac sodium) at ...
Bilal Atta1*, Arshed Makhdoom Sabir1, Muhammad Dildar Gogi2, Muhammad Asif Farooq3, Muhammad Ijaz1, Tahir Hussain Awan1, Muhammad Ahsin Ayub4, Muhammad Usman Saleem1, Amara Nasiba1
...ection and management of rice insect pests (for preserving crop yields, preventing economic losses, and ensuring food security) by analyzing the population dynamics of rice insect pests, focusing on six species: Scirpophaga innotata, Sesamia inferens, Scirpophaga incertulas, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, Sogatella furcifera and Nilaparvata lugens. Population data spanning four years (2019-2022) were collected through the use of ...
Rahamdad Khan1, Abdul Basit, Syed Majid Rasheed* and Syed Salim Shah
...s repeated
thrice. Five maize varieties viz., ‘Azam’, ‘Babar’,s Pahari’, ‘Iqbal’, and ‘Jalal’ comprised
factor A while, Factor B consisted of water extracts from root, stem and leaf of invasive
weeds; Parthenium hysterophorus and Xanthium strumarium. Distilled water was used as
control for comparison. Data were recorded for germination (%), seedlings length (c...
Iqra Munir1, Abdul Ghaffar2, Asad Aslam2, Muhammad Khuram Shahzad1 and
Muhammad Jafir3
...iv>
colona (Jungle rice vern Swanki) and minimum diversity of soil arthropods was recorded
(H´=1.90) from T. portulacastrum + Amaranthus viridis (green amaranth vern. chulai)
Maximum mean richness of soil arthropods (S=3.18±0.24) was reported from T.
portulacastrum + Chenopodium murale, while minimum mean richness of soil arthropods
(S=3±0.23) was reported from the Control group. Maximum...
Pradeep Shah1*, Shrawan Kumar Sah2, Komal Bahadur Basnet2 and Mina Nath Paudel3
...y;">In dry direct seeded rice (DDSR), weeds are the major problems limiting the productivity of crop. Sesbania co-culture with DDSR as well as seed rates of rice affect weed density by smothering effect on weeds and therefore can be a better weed management technique. Two year field experiments were conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Parwanipur, Bara, Nepal from 2015 to 2016 to assess the effect of Sesbania...
Muhammad Ather Nadeem1, Bilal Ahmad Khan 1, Sadia Afzal2, Muhammad Azim
Khan3, Tasawer Abbas4, Muhammad Mansoor Javaid1, Muhammad Mohsin Amin1,
Naila Farooq5 Amir Aziz5
...tata
L. (red rice) seed emergence and initial seedling growth, a study was planned. In this study,
seeds of Oryza punctata were incubated in seven concentrations (0, 0.25, 0.50, 1, 2, 4, and
8%) of different parts i.e. leaves, stem and fruit of C. tinctorius. All the tested
concentrations of various plant parts of C. tinctorius significantly inhibited the mean
emergence time, emergence index, emergenc...
Muhammad Ather Nadeem1, Bilal Ahmad Khan1, Sadia Afzal2, Hasnain Abbas3, Muhammad Khuram Dar3, Muhammad Ehsan Safdar1, Ishtiaq Hassan4, Muhammad Asif1, Muhammad Adnan1, Amir Aziz5
...l seedling growth of red rice (Oryza punctate L.). Aqueous extract of different plant parts (leaves, stem and flower) was used at various concentrations (0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 4% and 8%) along with distilled water as control. The aqueous extracts of leaves, stem and flower of P. somniferum significantly inhibited the emergence, seedling growth as well as root length (cm), shoot length (cm), fresh weight (g) and dry weight (g) of O. punctata. Maximum mean emerge...
Amir Ehsan1*, Muhammad Ehsan Safdar1, Amjed Ali1
...f weeds in direct-seeded rice. To get estimates of economic thresholds of two weeds in direct seeded rice, two-year field trials were conducted at research area of College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Punjab-Pakistan. Treatments included 0, 22, 44, 66 and 88 plants m-2 densities of each of Echinochloa colona and Digera arvensis laid out in randomized complete block design. Augmented densities of E. colona (0, 22, ...
Muhammad Ather Nadeem1 , Bilal Ahmad Khan*1, Saima Anwar2, Ahsan Aziz1, Rizwan Maqbool3, Muhammad Kashif Sohail4, Muhammad Ehsan Safdar1, Muhammad Mansoor Javaid1, Muhammad Mohsin Amin1, Muhammad Kashif Iqbal1, Amir Aziz4
... oleraceus L. on the red rice (Oryza punctata Kotschy ex Steud.)
emergence and initial seedling growth. Treatments included in the study were aqueous
extract of leaves, stem and fruit of Sonchus oleraceus at varying concentrations 0.25, 0.50,
1, 2, 4 and 8 % (w/v) along with distilled water as a control. The allelochemicals present in
the aqueous extracts showed stimulatory, inhibitory and hormetic responses depe...
1Bakhtiar Gul1*, Muhammad Ibrahim and Haroon Khan
...treatments, replicated thrice. Five fragments of fresh rhizomes with active
buds were placed in the soil in pots for investigating the effect of various water regimes on
sprouting of common reed. Sproutings were examined up to two months. While in the 2nd
experiment post emergence herbicides were applied to the re-sprouts to check the efficacy
of various herbicides against common reed management. Various water re...
Muhammad Sikander Hayyat1*, Muhammad Ehsan Safdar1, Muhammad Mansoor
Javaid1
...blematic weed of aerobic rice (Oryza
sativa L.) that greatly reduces in yield. The laboratory studies were undertaken to confirm
allelopathic potential of its plant leachates and soil-decomposition plant residues towards
emergence and seedling growth of rice. In first experiment, aqueous extracts from various
plant parts of red sprangletop (stem, root, leaves, flower and entire...
Muhammad Ather Nadeem1, Bilal Ahmad Khan1*, Saima Anwar2, Rizwan Maqbool3, Mohsin Amin1, Amir Aziz4, Iram Batool3, Athar Mahmood3, Abdul Rehman1, Aafaq Ali5, Aneela Nijabat5
...d Oryza punctata L. (red rice) seed emergence and initial seedling growth, the present study was planned. In this study, seeds of O. punctata were incubated in seven concentrations (0, 0.25, 0.50, 1, 2, 4, and 8%) of different parts i.e. leaf, stem and flower of S. oleraceus. All the tested concentrations of various plant parts significantly inhibited the mean emergence time, emergence index, emergence percentage (%), time taken to 50% emergence as well as gro...
Reshma Sahito1, Nasreen Memon1, Aiman Amur1, Seema Memon1
Shabana Mangi2
...ected from Peas (37) and rice (31) crops while least number on weeds (16), and dwell in weeds near crops, redescriptions of the genus and species are provided, small-sized stink bugs belonging to order Heteroptera (Tribe Carpocorini). The Carpocoris Pudicus causes a remarkable loss to different crops and weed leaves and seeds i.e., vegetables, tomatoes, peas and crops, wheat, rice, sugarcane and weed seeds. The species is re...
Suparada Saphaphan, K. Teepalak Rangubhet, Phongthorn Kongmun*
...amate by-product-treated rice straw (MSGBTRS) as a roughage source in total mixed rations (TMR) on rumen fermentation and microbial ecology using an in vitro gas production technique. Four treatments, Pangola grass hay (PH), rice straw (RS), MSGBTRS, and 3.5% urea-treated rice straw (UTRS), were mixed thoroughly with the concentrated feed ingredients to make TMR at a ratio of 60:40. Treatm...
Md. Abdullah Al-Mamun,MST.SELIMA ZAHAN,RAKIBA SULTAN,SALEQUE AHMED
Inayat Ullah Awan , Khizar Hayat , Gul Hassan , Mushtaq Kazmi , Nazir Hussain
EHSAN ULLAH,MOHSIN TANVEER,SHAKEEL AHMAD,IMRAN KHAN,UMAIR ASHRAF
TASAWER ABBAS,Abdul Khaliq,Asif Tanveer,Muhammad Ehsan Safdar
ALBERT MUNTING,Khan Bahadar Marwat,MUSSARAT Y KHATTAK
Asif Tanveer,MUHAMMAD EHSAN,Ali Zohaib,Abdul Khaliq
Ebrahim Gholamlipour Alamdari , S.S. Deokule
Yoshiharu Fujii,RAZA ULLAH,Zahir Ahmad Zahir,Qamar-uz-Zaman,Sairah Syed,Abdul Khaliq,Misbah-ul-Islam,Zubair Aslam,Muhammad Zahid Ihsan
SHAD KHAN KHALIL,Abdul Rab,Faisal Khan,Syed Junaid Ahmad,IMRAN KHAN,Akhtar Ali,Izhar Ali
J. A. Oladiran,H. I. Usman,J. A. Oladiran,M.G.M. Kolo,M.G.M. Kolo,H. I. Usman
MUHAMMAD SAFDAR BALOCH,EJAZ AHMAD KHAN,MUHAMMAD AMJAD NADIM,IMAM BAKHSH,MUHAMMAD SADIQ,INAYATULLAH AWAN,INAYAT HUSSAIN SHAH,ABDUL AZIZ KHALWANI,IMRAN WAZIR
Md. Hazrat Ali,S. Ahamed,H.M.M. Tariq Hossain
NIGHAT SANA,Arshad Javaid,RUKHSANA BAJWA,Amna Shoaib
Md. Jasim Uddin,Sultan Ahmed,Md. Mahmudul Hasan,Md. Nizamul Hassan
Vivek Yadav, L.R. Singh , Rajendra Singh
JAVED IQBAL,SANAULLAH CHAUDHARY
RANA INAYAT ALI,NADEEM IQBAL,M.U SALEEM,M. AKHTAR
Khan Bahadar Marwat,Haroon Khan,MUHAMMAD AZIM KHAN,GUL HASSAN
Vivek Yadav,Rajendra Singh,Lekhraj Singh
Gul Hassan, Muhammad Saeed , Haroon Khan
Asad Ali Khan,LUQMAN,Imran,Inamullah
NAQIB ULLAH KHAN,GUL HASSAN,Haroon Khan
M. INAYAT KHAN,R.A. SHAD,NASEER A. KHAN,ABDUL GHAFOOR
HAFIZ MUHAMMAD SHAFIQ,ABDUL MAJID,Amar Matloob,Zahid Ata Cheema,Abdul Khaliq
GUL HASSAN,QAYUM NAWAZ KHAN,NAQIB ULLAH KHAN,SANA ULLAH KHAN,ABDUL AZIZ KHAKWANI
Amar Matloob,SADDAM HUSSAIN,MUHAMMAD RIAZ,EHSAN ULLAH,GHULAM MURTAZA,Abdul Khaliq
Amar Matloob,Abdul Khaliq
GUL HASSAN,SAIMA HASHIM,Khan Bahadar Marwat
Rakiba Shultana,A.J. Mridha,Md. Abdullah Al-Mamun,M.K.A. Bhuiyan,A. Mazid
Muhammad Ehsan Safdar,TASAWER ABBAS,Abdul Khaliq,Asif Tanveer
KHIZAR HIYAT,GUL HASSAN,INAYATULLAH AWAN
I.F. Chowdhury,M.F. Karim,A. Rahman,M.H. Ali,S.M. Masum
Mirza Hasanuzzaman , Kamrun Nahar , Md. Rezaul Karim
Shila Pramanik,Rakiba Shultana,Mst. Selima Zahan,Md. Abdullah Al Mamun,Md. Abubakar Siddique
NASEER A. KHAN,R.A. SHAD,M. INAYAT KHAN,ABDUL GHAFOOR
Riaz A. Mann, Shahbaz Ahmad, Gul Hassan , Mohammad Safdar Baloch
U. Ismaila,M.A. Adagba,A.A. Ndarubu,M.N. Ukwungwu,A.U. Gbanguba
QAYUM NAWAZ KHAN,SANA ULLAH KHAN,Gul Hasan,NAQIB ULLAH KHAN
V. Chellamuthu,R. Poonguzhalan,P. Saravanane
H. Morita , A. Uchino , Y. Inusah , A. Zakaria , Y. Tsujimoto and J.I. Sakagami
P. Janaki,S. Jeyaraman,C. Chinnusamy,P. Muthukrishnan
Adusumilli. N. Rao , J.K. Ladha
Abdul Shukor Juraimi,Ahmad Selamat,Azmi Man,Md. Parvez Anwar,Adam Puteh
K M YIM,S E CHEW,S AZLAN,T V GEORGE,M. Azmi
EJAZ AHMAD KHAN,IMAM BAKHSH,IMRAN WAZIR,Mohammad Safdar Baloch,MUHAMMAD AMJAD NADIM,ABDUL AZIZ KHAKWANI,INAYAT ULLAH AWAN,MUHAMMAD SADIQ,INAYAT HUSSAIN SHAH
Muhammad Shahbaz , Sher Muhammad, Faqir Ahmad, Sajjad Ali, Muhammad Riaz and Ghulam Nabi
Umair Talib, Ijaz Ashraf , Robert Agunga and Saleem Ashraf
Syed Said Badshah Bukhari, Muhammad Yousaf Khan Syed Zakir Hussain Shah and Khalid Jan
...0 per acre average crop price. Also the annual losses sustained by the country to the tune of Rs.100 billion will be prevented and the miseries faced by the nation will be brought to an end. This tremendous revenue is capable of setting off the whole debt of the country in less than 6 months. Harnessing the hydel power potential will open new era of development, employment opportunity to the world No.1 largest youth force of the country, this will close the op...
Muhammad Shabir Mughal and Muhammad Muslim
...ltural crops like wheat, rice, maize, sugar-cane etc. This area had footprints of Hindu civilization near Singri Police Chouki, Seth Powaridas dug well on 9th January, 1860 for drinking water, currently the same well is being used for irrigation to forest nursery spread over an area of 5 acres. Singri area is fertile and suitable for planting trees having commercial and medicinal value like Emblica officinalis (Amla), Moringa oilefera (Sohanjna),...
A. W. Jasra and I. Ahmad
...ortunities, high fodder prices, social intolerance and disease incidences are the other important issues. Multipurpose plant species like seabuckthorn and fourwing saltbush together with improved irrigation system and urea molasses blocks as supplemental feed have been identified as viable interventions for livelihood improvement. A policy dialogue is needed to resolve the problems of nomadic community.
Key Words: Pastoralists, livelihood, Juniper Fores...
Chaudhry Abdul Rashid1, Raja Muhammad Omer2, Chaudhry Muhammad Faisal2, Waqar Ahmed3, Zahid Ali4
...is were replicated thrice in each treatment with a spacing of 2m x 3m. Plant height (m) and diametre at breast height (DBH) (cm) were measured annually from 1992 to 1998 Soil samples were analysed for pH, organic matter (OM) %, P, K, total soluble salts (TSS) % and soil saturation % Results indicated that the growth of E camaldulensis was highest in combination with Leuceana leucocephala and Dalhergia sissoo Soil factors had no effect ...
Raza-ul-Haq and Muhammad Tahir Laeeq
...ulching and irrigation thrice a month, while E. camaldulensis gave the best survival (1%) followed by A. altissima (6%) after 4% years of planting....
Kanwar Muhammad Suleman and Muhammad Ayaz
...roduction cost than the price
offered in the international market. Higher production
cost is mainly due to scattered supplies, higher
transportation cost, small scale of chipping and need of
integration in the processing of Eucalyptus wood.
However, chip production cost could be reduced through
economies of scale, specialization, using improved
technology and cut down in the transportation cost....
Bashir Ahmad
...ected by changes in the price received and paid and by technological and marketing developments. In order to enable farmers to achieve maximum economic benefit, knowledge about cost of production and returns from forest products is needed to make appropriate production decisions. Unfortunately, such information is totally missing about various forest trees in the Azad Jammu and Kashmir, where forests occupies about 27.1 percent of total area of 1.33 million he...
Javed Afzal, Abdul Sattar Alvi and Sarwat Naz Mirza
...nd they are sold at low prices.
Consequently, the livestock producer does not get
adequate economic return. So, the rangelands are
a valuable natural resource and need to be
managed properly to get sustained maximum
forage and ensure plant cover to halt soil erosion
and further loss of primary productivity....
*Nasir M. But, **Noor Mohammad, *Sartaj and *M. I. Sultani
...trains were replicated thrice in the plots of 3x4
m size. The grass were harvested at ground level at the
end of the growing season during the last week of
October,1983 and 1984. The harvested material was sun
dried to determine the dry grow Cenchrus ciliaris years
results it is recommended to grow Cenchrus ciliaris (RM
269), Pnicum antidotale (RM269), and Pennisetum purpureum
(A146) in the rangelands of Pothwar tract of Paki...
K. M. Siddiqui
...on of wood energy. The
price of fuel wood has risen continuously over the years
due to acute scarcity of the resources. This situation
is expected to continue in near future. In order to plan
for future fuel wood supplies, data base should be
developed through periodic surveys throughout the
country. Further, there may be increasing pressure in
coming years for conservative use of fuel wood through
adopting of ancient cookstoves and its replacement wit...
M. Iqbal Ahmad
...seed and raw silk and
price fluctuations faced by farmers in sale of cocoons....
K. M. Siddiqui
...oons and raw silk. The
prices of cocoons also fluctuate considerably from year to year, thus adversely affecting
economic returns to the farmers....
K. M. Siddiqui
...er and
pushing up its price steeply. Until early seventies, the forests
in Pakistan were harvested by private contractors, who became
heavily involved in malpractices, and institution of private
contracts came into serious disrepute and was abolished. Since
mid-seventies all the provinces of Pakistan are carrying out their
timber harvesting and marketing either departmentally (Punjab and
Sindh) or through public corporations (NWFP and Azad Kashmi...
Mahmood Iqbal Sheikh, R. W. Hussain and Saliheen Khan
...nnes. Average wholesale price of
firewood was Rs.28/-, 40/-29/17 per 40Kg for Hazara, Peshawar, Kohat and D. I. Khan Civil Division
respectively. The whole-sale price for anthracite coal
was Rs.1400/-, 1600/-, 650/- and 256/- per tonne for
Hazara, Peshawar, Kohat and D. I. Khan Civil Division. The
price in the last two cases is rather low as it is
available from nearby coal mines....
Mohammad Hafeez
...an abnormal rise in the prices of fuel wood during the last few year. One possibilities which could go along way to overcome a major fuel wood crisis in the country is to reconcile with mesquite and grow it systematically in forest plantations particularly in semi-arid and marginal lands where other more valuable forest species cannot be successfully grown. Mesquite grows fast and can tolerate heat and drought and a variety of soils. It is excellent for firewo...
M. I. Shiekh, R.W. Hussain and Saliheen Khan
...e one load. The average price of fore wood is 20/-, 28/- and 35/-per 40 kg for Malakand, Hazara and Peshawar Civil Division respectively. Average rate of rented kilns was load was Rs.300/-....
Mahmood Iqbal Sheikh, Saliheen Khan and R. W. Hussain
...ile the average selling price per piece is Rs.60/-, Rs.46/ and Rs.25/-. The export price for hockey stick and cricket bat is Rs.25. The export price for hockey stick and cricket bat is Rs.140/-and Rs.200/- per piece. The current annual consumption of wood for this industry is around 57,198 m3; the projected demand for 1990, 1995 and 2000 is 67.9, 85.7 and 103.5 thousand cubic me...
M.I. Sheikh, Saliheen Khan and Raja Walayat Hussain
...cost and the whole sale price of one gross of match boxes is Rs.16.85 and Rs.18.27 respectively. The current annual consumption of wood is around 14,662 m3. The demand for round wood for the year 1990,1995, and 2000 comes to 18,069; 20,795 and 24,202 m3 respectively....
Saliheen Khan and M. I. Sheikh
...the whole
sale selling price is Rs. 50 leaving a very nominal profit margin of Rs. 5 per sq.m. The current annual
consumption of wood is around 70,000m3; the projected
demand of round-wood for the years 1990, 1995and 2000 is
107,000,144,000and 180,000m3 respectively....
G. M. Khattak, Mahmood Iqbal Sheikh and Abdul Khaliq
... And in towns, firewood prices are generally out of the reach of the common man. This scarcity is likely to be exacerbated as gas reserves dwindle and oil generated thermal power becomes more expensive....
Mohammad Amjad and Iqbal Mohammad
...ficant. The increase in prices of raw material and wage rates of the workers has raised production costs and undermined the competitive power of the industry. High quality mulberry and willow timber is in short supply. The industry can be assisted by increasing the availability of quality timber at reasonable prices and providing subsidy on exports....
G. M. Khattak
...rn the forests and sow rice, millets, vegetables, cotton, melons and tobacco by dibbling in patches and harvest the crops as they ripen. Every two to three years, as the soils get depleted, they move to another area, leaving their abandoned clearings to revert to forest.
According to Cowan (1923) the Chittagong Hill Tracts were made a district in 1860, and in 1862 toll stations were established on the rivers where duty was collected by the Dist...
Shabana Islam1, Shahida Shujaat1*, Erum Akbar Hussain1, Mateen Abbas2
...eferol, Quercetin, and myricetin) were quantified by means of UV detection in reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The propolis samples exhibited substantial variation (P < 0.05) in the total flavonol and phenolic acid contents, which span a range of 52 to 183 mg/kg dried matter respectively. The agar well diffusion method was employed to assess the additional in vitro antibacterial activity of the samples against two Gram positiv...
Dunia Tahseen Nema Al-Aridhi
... disease (CKD) and hyperuricemia, although the precise relationship is unknown. The present study aimed to discover whether they were directionally connected or not.
This study followed adults aged 18 and above with CKD stages (1-4) over a period of 12 months. It has been conducted in Al-Kindi Teaching Hospital- Baghdad / Iraq, during the period (2022-2023). Data, on demographics, clinical information and lab results including serum acid levels and est...
This study followed adults aged 18 and above with CKD stages (1-4) over a period of 12 months. It has been conducted in Al-Kindi Teaching Hospital- Baghdad / Iraq, during the period (2022-2023). Data, on demographics, clinical information and lab results including serum acid levels and est...
Hina Gul1, Amjad Usman1*, Karishma1 and Seema Zubair2
...reatments were applied thrice after 15 days interval. Results revealed that
the three times application of the tested treatments showed varying toxicity against S.
dorsalis 24, 48, 72 hours and 7 days after spray applications while ladybird beetle and
green lacewing were also significantly affected when recorded 7 days after spray
application. However, Flonicamid 50%WG proved to be the most effective till 7th and...
Duong Thanh Hai1*, Phan Thi Hang1, Nguyen Thi Thuong2, Zábranský Luboš3
...een shown that fermented rice bran and maize by Saccharomyces cerevisiae increases in dry matter, protein digestibility and the villi height in the chicken duodenum. However, whether effects of feed fermentation on carcass characteristics, meat quality and amino acid contents remain unknown. This study was conducted to examine the effects of maize and rice bran fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae on carcass characteristi...
Muddassir Ali, Fraz Ahmad Khan*, Mohsin Ali Raza, Muhammad Shahid Munir and Muhammad Usman Saleem
...of grain losses and head rice yield. This research evaluated the three harvesting methods: a Head-feed harvester (model PRO-588I-G, Kubota, Japan), a Whole-stalk harvester (model 8060, NH, Italy), and manual harvesting. The experiments were carried out on an area of 12,060 m2 with a complete randomized design (CRD) and three replications during the year 2021. The yield-related crop parameters were measured before harvesting. All crop parameters were non-signif...
Hafiz Muhammad Usama Shaheen1, Nasir Ahmed Rajput1*, Muhammad Atiq1, Ghalib Ayaz Kachelo1, Hadeed Ahmad1, Muhammad Wahab1, Muhammad Faran Tahir1 and Abuzar Hasnain2
...own leaf spot disease of rice caused by Bipolaris oryzae is the most devastating disease, causing potential yield losses. A number of commonly available phytoextracts were explored as potentially safer alternatives to harmful synthetic chemicals for the management of brown leaf spot of rice. For the management of BLS of rice, fourty-four phyto-extracts were screened for their potency in pr...
Ayoola Mathew Oluwaseyi1*, Aderemi Foluke Abimbola1, Alikwe Philip2 , Tumgbulu Samuel2, Eniufuoma Augustina2
...tments each replicated thrice for eight weeks. Results revealed that average body weight gain, average daily feed intake, and feed conversion ratio were significantly (p<0.05) affected by ECLM while spleen and bursa of fabricius were not significantly (p>0.05) affected by ECLM feed additive. Measured serum total protein of the groups on ECLM were significantly (p<0.05) higher, while serum cholesterol were significantly (p<0.05) lower than those on ...
Iman Hernaman1*, Budi Ayuningsih1, Diky Ramdani2, Romy Zamhir Islami1, Shelvia Octaviana1, Ina Aviana1, Galuh Rahayu1, Aldena Bina Salimah1, Urip Rosani1, Atun Budiman1, Muhammad Rifqi Ismiraj3
...ining corncobs soaked in rice hull ash filtrate. The research was conducted experimentally using a descriptive method and complete randomized design (RAL) followed by the Duncan test. Analysis of mineral rice hull comes from three locations in three different regencies in West Java. Corncobs were soaked with rice hull ash filtrate with a ratio of 1: 1 for three hours with four different co...
Hawraa F.H. Alowaid1*, Afrah Adil Hassan1, Majdy Faisal Majeed2
...s accessibility and low price. High doses or prolonged administration of TML are linked to hepatic and renal damage. There is currently no known precise mechanism for how TML damages the liver and kidneys. The goal of the current investigation was to assess the potential contribution of oxidative stress dysfunction to the etiology of renal and hepatic injury brought on by TML. For this purpose, male adult rats were treated with TML (15 and 30 mg/kg/day oral ad...
Muhammad Muneeb1, Ali Hussain2*, Qurat-ul-Ain Ahmad3, Arshad Javid1 and Jibran Hussain3
... gL−1) while using rice straw and animal manure, respectively in a 60-day trial of anaerobic incubation. Mixture of industrial and agricultural waste reduced about 90 % of the total added sulphate. A trend of decrease in pH with time was observed in all the incubated cultures. Our findings will be helpful for devising sustainable waste management strategies....
Ashiq Ullah1, Sarzamin Khan1, Muhammad Shuaib1*, Sohaib ul Hassan2, Abubakar Sufyan3, Kinkpe Lionel5, Muhammad Shahkar Uzair1, Majid Ali1, Aamir Khan4, Qudrat Ullah2 and Waqar Azeem6
...amine the effect of liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) extract on growth performance, gut morphometry, and economics in broilers. One hundred and twenty days old broiler chicks were used for the experiment and were divided into four groups each with three replicates of ten birds. Group 1 was control with normal water while 1, 1.5, and 2ml/liter of liquorice extract (LE) in drinking water were provided to the remaining three grou...
Efi Rokana1, Iin Rohmatul Fatimah1, Brilian Desca Dianingtyas1, Niswatin Hasanah2, Wulandari3, Zein Ahmad Baihaqi1,3*
... grass, corn plants, and rice straw. Employing a completely randomized design (CRD) with three treatments and nine replications, the research examined dry matter intake, body weight gain, feed efficiency, and income over feed cost (IOFC). Results indicated that feeding with different types of forage did not significantly impact dry matter intake (P>0.05) but significantly affected body weight gain, feed conversion, feed efficiency (P<0.05), and IOFC (P&l...
Qaisar Mehmood1*, Ali Raza2, Asif Ali Abro3, Nargis Shaheen4 and Muhammad Riaz5
... nation, trade, support prices, and planning about the cultivation sector....
Iswahyudi Iswahyudi1,2, Wahyu Widodo1*, Warkoyo Warkoyo1, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi3, Damat Damat1,
Dyah Roeswitawati1, Shazma Anwar4, Thontowi Djauhari Nur Subchi1, Irma Rahmaita Utarid5, Marchel Putra Garfansa2, Mohammad Shoimus Sholeh2, Ida Ekawati6, Rusli Tonda7, Wahyu Alvina Mujianti2, Dody Sukma RA8, Sri Utami Lestari8 and Choirul Anam9
...ers affect the growth of rice plants. HDPE (High Density Polyethylene) showed no effect on root elongation compared to LDPE (Low Density Polyethylene) and PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) although all MPs still reduced plant growth (27 % HDPE, 36 % PVC and 20 % LDPE), fresh weight (20 % HDPE, 33 % PVC, and 25 % LDPE) and total chlorophyll (72.5 % HDPE, 33.3 % PVC, and 19.8 % LDPE). HDPE types tend to require a longer time to fragment into smaller plastic si...
Murad Muhammad1,2,3*, Shahid Ullah1, Nimrah Ameen4, Abdul Wahab3,5, Abdul Basit6, Muqadas Batool7, Muhammad Nazim2,3 and Haroon Khan8
...ly found in field crops (rice, vegetables, wheat, and maize) in District Dir Upper, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Many medicinal plants grow wild or as weeds worldwide, including in Pakistan. The Dir Upper district boasts a diverse weed flora with significant medicinal value for daily use. Surveys using semi-structured open-ended questionnaires were carried out in distant villages of the Larjam subdivisions, specifically interviewing 120 local respondents (85 males, inc...
Norsida Man1*, Shin Yee Siaw2, Munifah Siti Amira Yusuf2 and Siti Azizah3
... funds, regulating drug prices, regularly visiting farmers’ ranches, and identifying farmers’ needs and expectations as a roadmap for developing this sector to make it more appealing to join and a viable investment venture....
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Development Strategies on Broiler Farming in Indonesia: A Review
Supardi Rusdiana1, Tatan Kostaman1*, Priyono Priyono2, Diana Andrianita Kusumaningrum1, Lisa Praharani1, Yeni Widiawati1, Agustin Herliatika1, Nurul Pratiwi1, Nurul Azizah1, Paul Ade Iji3
...he broiler and its meat price decreased in the early pandemic, but they significantly rebounded at the end of the pandemic. Nevertheless, the cost of broilers among farmers has experienced a significant decline of 6.34%, while the price of broiler meat at the consumer level declined by 3.9% during the early pandemic. The crucial impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on Indonesian broiler production included disruption in supply c...
Paulus Klau Tahuk*, Gerson Frans Bira, Wolfhardus Vinansius Feka
... corn, pollard bran, and rice bran. Variables observed included feed intake and digestibility, as well as growth performance metrics such as average daily gain (ADG), conversion rate, and feed efficiency. While there were no significant differences in dry matter (DM) and gross energy (GE) intake among treatments, significant variations (P<0.05) were observed in the intake of organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), carbohydrates (CHO), and...
Byamungu Mayange Tomple1*, Ik-Hwan Jo2, Rajaraman Bharanidharan1, Seun-Gun Won2 and Muhammad Mahboob Ali Hamid3*
...N/ha), each replicated thrice. The findings revealed a positive correlation between manure fertilization application and kenaf growth, with the greatest plant height observed at the highest manure fertilization levels. The manure fertilization application level of 200 kg N/ha resulted in the highest dry matter (DM) yield, coupled with the highest crude protein (CP) content in kenaf leaves. Elevating manure fertilization level had a significant diminishing effe...
Iffat Ara Mahzabin, Mohammad Maruf Hasan*, Saifur Rahman, Md. Asaduzzaman Sarker and Md. Yeakub Ali
.... Furthermore, providing rice during ban season, forming fishermen cooperative societies, and taking a lease of government open water bodies were the essential services received by the respondents using their ID cards. Among the selected characteristics of the fishermen, credit received, perceived economic return, extension media contact, organizational participation, and attitude towards extension service providers were identified as the influential factors a...
Syeda Rubab Zaidi* and Safdar Ali Mirza
...rces (sugarcane bagasse, rice bran), 1.5% urea as nitrogen source among other sources that include peptone, yeast extract, ammonium sulpate and ammonium chloride. Abench top fermenter was used in order to carry out scaled up studies). All the optimized cultural conditions were adjusted to culture Aspergillus niger for enhanced production of laccase enzyme. Concentrated crude laccase enzyme extract was obtained by filtration and centrifugation. Partial purifica...
Fasih Ullah Haider1,2, Sardar Alam Cheema1and Muhammad Farooq1,3
...opping system i.e. wheat-rice, wheat- maize and wheat- cotton cropping systems. Herbicides are used in order to minimizet weed infestation, but the use of herbicides or inorganic chemicals against weeds is also developing resistance in weeds to herbicides. Despite that herbicides are also affecting the environment especially human health. Pesticides not only damage the human health but also pollute the air, soil, water and becoming part of food chain. One of t...
Shahida Naveed1, Salma2, Inayatullah Khattak3 and Khan Bahadar Marwat4
...;">Weeds flora of maize, rice and tobacco crop, fields were studied at six villages namely Karnal Sher Kalay, Tarakai, Bachai, Kalu Khan, Adina and Ismaila of Tehsil Razzar, District Swabi during summer 2016 with ethnomedicinal perspectives. A total of 62 most common weeds, belonging to 57 genera and 28 families, were found to be used by local folks for the treatment of different ailments. Among the monocots, family Poaceae was the dominant family having nine ...
Shah Fahad* and Akhtar Ali
...ide subsidy and support price to the rural farmer for enhancing agriculture production for high return etc....
Muhammad Jan1*, Muhammad Ashraf Sumrah2, Muhammad Azhar Iqbal1, Inam-ul-Haq1, Attiq Ur Rehman1, Javeria Sherani3, Muhammad Imran3 and Rizwan Latif4
...: justify;">The highest price and demand of olive oil and other value-added products enforcing the farmer of Potohar area to cultivate marginal land in Pakistan. Currently, more than 5.00 million olive plants had been planted over an area of 40450 hectares in the area of Balochistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Punjab, Azad Jammu Kashmir (AJK) and Gilgit Balistan (GB). This is only possible due to availability of certified olive plants in a bulk quantity. Center...
Abid Jan* and Asad Ullah
...s and prevailing market prices (P=0.000 and tau-b=-0.320). Furthermore, socioeconomic status explains the association between awareness of monetary damage and food wastage. People from high socioeconomic status, under the influence of awareness of monetary damage due to food wastage, were more likely to reduce food wastage than those from middle and low socioeconomic status groups. Effective awareness drive to control food wastage using appropriate communicati...
Sadia Rashid1, Muhammad Waqas Alam Chattha2, Almazea Fatima1*, Muhammad Farooq Hyder3 and Nazia Tabasam1
...one hand and the higher prices, on the other hand negatively effecting the use of this input in wheat production. This study was designed to identify the impact of fertilizer shortage and their high prices effect on fertilizer use and their subsequent impact on wheat productivity. This study was carried out in the Faisalabad district. Data were collected from 110 farmers in the district of Faisalabad. For data analysis, stat...
Sutaryo Sutaryo1*, Jeksen Nikolas1, Nain Ufidiyati1, Ivena Setiany1, Nadlirotun Luthfi2, Retno Adiwinarti1, Agung Purnomoadi1
...p;...
Adi Tiya Warman1, Panjono1*, Tri Satya Mastuti Widi1, Sigit Bintara1, Bayu Andri Atmoko2, Endang Baliarti3
...er calves with a market price 90-110% higher than Bali calves. In contrast, 22.11% of respondents chose frozen semen from Bali cattle to purify the Bali cattle breed. Farmers’ decision-making process in choosing bull breeds for AI mating showed a positive correlation with total cows owned (rs = 0.24), cow breed (rs = 0.51), and AI cost (rs = 0.47). Hence, it can be concluded that farmers’ decision-making in choosing frozen semen for beef cattle is ...
Efe Peterson Irikefe-Ekeke1, Oghenebrorhie Obakanurhe1*, Adimabua Mike Moemeka1, UfuomaGodstime Sorhue2, Ifeoma Jane Onwumelu1, Ifo Alex Amata2
...s. This was replicated thrice with six rabbits per replicate and was assigned to 7 diets in a completely randomized arrangement. The diets involved three levels of organic chromium (0.02, 0.04 and 0.06g/kg diet) and three inorganic chromium levels (0.02, 0.04 and 0.06g/kg diet), and the treatment without chromium was the control in a completely randomized design. Feed and water were supplied to the animals’ ad libitum. Data were collected on performance ...
Mujahid Ali1*, Malik Muhammad Akram2, Emily Silverman3, Asif Iqbal1, Muhammad Mohsan1, Haseeb Ahsan4
...n, maize, sugarcane, and rice. Seepage from rivers/canals, mismanagement, unequal distribution, pollution, and salinization are major contributing factors to the water crisis. Climatic conditions, global warming, and lack of rainfall are worsening agricultural losses in this arid environment. More awareness is needed in the farming community to focus on water-saving strategies, water budgeting, and using monitoring software to evaluate areas to conserve water....
Tarek M. Mousa-Balabel1*, Ebrahim M. Farg2 and Abobakr A. Elkot1
...perimental pen with long rice straw bedding. The results revealed that there was a significant (P<0.05) increase in feed intake and body weight gain on the concrete and long rice straw beddings (P<0.05). The feed conversion ratio was significantly improved in rubber mat. The ingestive behavior (feeding and drinking time) was improved in the concrete floor group. On the other hand, the longest and shortest resting durat...
Nguyen Thi Hanh Chi1,2, Ho Xuan Nghiep1,2, Tran Trung Tuan1,2, Nguyen Binh Truong1,2*
...ava chips (Ma.C); broken rice and cassava chips (BrR.C); cassava chips, and urea (Ma.C.U); broken rice, cassava chips, and urea (BrR.C.U). The basal diet was premix, tofu waste, Operculina turpethum vines, and ad libitum fresh elephant grass. The dry matter consumption per body weight showed a tendency towards a decrease in Ma.C.U (3.11%) and Ma.C treatments (3.11%) than in BrR.C.U (3.31%) and BrR.C (3.25%) treatments. Crude...
Bounthan Sounyvong1, Yohan Lee2 and Eun-Jae Lee3*
...e more rodents in burned rice field stands than in burned rubber plantation stands. The value of overstory to understory vegetation coverage and the volume of coarse woody debris were strongly associated with small-mammal abundance in the PKKNPA. Thus, post-fire silvicultural practices should take the differences in small rodent abundance as well as forest structure into account. Long-term experiments may help illuminate the potential effects of management str...
Muhammad Usman Saleem*, Tahir Hussain Awan, Bilal Atta, Arshed Makhdoom Sabir and Muhammad Ijaz
... justify;">Direct-seeded rice cultivation is gaining popularity due to their potential for reduced labor and water use, but optimal fertilizer management remains a critical factor to achieve higher yield and rice quality. This study investigated the impact of fertilizer combinations on agronomic and yield traits of Basmati rice (cv. Basmati 515) cultivated with a direct-seeded
Qasim H.A. Aljboori* and Saadoon Murad Saadoon
...at causes rot disease in rice and affects plant growth. Many Fusarium species can infect rice plants and affect its growth, in addition to producing various mycotoxins that are dangerous to humans and animals. Therefore, a study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of four levels of agricultural sulphur (0,100,200 and 300 g/m2)and the fungicide Benomyl (100 ppm) against F. solani fungus infecting three varieties of
Ammara Khan1, Khalid Mehmood1,2*, Ali Raza1, Ishtiaq Hassan3 and Ayesha Sultana4,5
...nmental challenges. When rice crop precedes wheat sowing in same fields, the farmers are elicited to burn the rice residues for urgent land preparation which poses multiple threats to soil characteristics. This study investigates the effects of different rice-residues management practices on wheat productivity and soil health. Field trials were conducted for a period of two consecutive yea...
Elena Balarezo*, Jose Luis Flores and Miguel Angel Toro-Jarrin
... lowers the final sales price. The aim of this study was to implement and test a milk quality program to improve product quality and sales prices. We carried out an initial diagnosis of management practices and bacteriological quality of milk, followed by program implementation directed to project promoters and community members. We checked the bacteriological quality of milk and industry price
Arshad Javaid1*, Freeha Anjum1, Aneela Anwar2, Mahrukh Asif1, Sadia Ahmad1 and Malik F.H. Ferdosi3
... causes blast disease in rice. In the present study, methanolic root extract of a medicinal herb Tribulus terrestris was assessed for its antifungal activity against this fungal pathogen. Roots of T. terretris were collected from Lahore, Pakistan and shade dried. The dried and crushed roots were extracted in methanol for two weeks and the effect of 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5% concentrations of the extract was checked in vitro against P. oryzae using malt extract broth a...
Muhammad Waqas1*, Razia Bashir1, Haroon Ali2, Arslan Shahzad1 and Tehmina Saddique3
...on and rising petroleum prices underscore the urgent need for renewable, eco-friendly, and sustainable biofuels. Fossil fuels, which currently meet over 80-85% of global energy demands, are rapidly depleting, with Pakistan heavily dependent on them for nearly 88% of its energy needs. This study aimed to evaluate the bioenergy potential of Spirogyra microalgae for biodiesel production, offering a sustainable solution to fossil fuel dependence and environmental ...
Roheela Yasmeen1*, Sadia Amjad1 and Naseem Zahra2
...0 million tons of milled rice produced globally each year. Significant food wastage occurs due to poor storage conditions, with an estimated economic loss of US$1.6 million in the rice industry attributed to aflatoxins (AFs), which also pose serious health risks. Various research efforts are underway to improve storage methods and reduce AF contamination. In this study, white and brown rice
Qurat-ul-Ain1*, A. Ahmad2, Farhat Nazir Awan3, M. Rabbani1 and M. Hassan Mushtaq4
...y zone (34%) followed by rice wheat (27%), cotton-wheat (21%), mixed-crop (19%) and lowest in the rain-fed zone (17.5%). Quarantine practices, housing management, abortion and parity were found the potential risk factors significantly associated (p<0.05) with BVDV prevalence while breeding system exhibited non-significant association with BVDV (p>0.05). In vaccine trial, self-prepared vaccine proved to be equally effective as commercial vaccine although ...
Pakistan Journal of Zoology
December
Featuring
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Sero-Epidemiology and Evaluation of First Self-Prepared Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Vaccine in Cattle of Punjab, Pakistan
Qurat-ul-Ain, A. Ahmad, Farhat Nazir Awan, M. Rabbani and M. Hassan Mushtaq
Pakistan J. Zool., Vol. 57, Iss. 1, pp. 41-49
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Effect of Serum Immunoglobulin G on Norepinephrine Transporter Expression in Mouse Sympathetic Neurons
Jian Bai, Xiyuan Dong, Longjie Gu, Jianhua Wang and Chen Gong
Pakistan J. Zool., Vol. 57, Iss. 1, pp. 33-39
-
The Effect of Airport Lawn Vehicles on the Flocking Behaviour of Barn Swallows
Jiaojiao Wang, Peng Pan, Tingting Wu and Jianhua Hou
Pakistan J. Zool., Vol. 57, Iss. 1, pp. 25-31
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Morpho-Biometric Characterization of the North African (Tunisian) Local Chicken Populations
Nour Elhouda Fehri, Mohamed Aroua, Safa Bejaoui, Manel Ben Larbi, Sami Dridi and Bayrem Jemmali
Pakistan J. Zool., Vol. 57, Iss. 1, pp. 19-24
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