Jonas Johansson Wensman1*a, Karl-Johan Leuchowius2,3 a, Jiting Yan1, Anna-Lena Berg4, Liv Bode5, Hanns Ludwig5, Sandor Belak6, Ulf Landegren2, Ola Soderberg2, Mikael Berg6
...g with various signaling pathways. In this study, we focused on some of these interactions (BDV P-HMGB1, BDV N/P-Cdc2). First, we used rat glioma cell cultures persistently infected with a laboratory strain of BDV (C6BV ) to establish the assay. Next, in situ PLA was applied to detect BDV P in brain tissues of infected animals. Finally, protein-protein interactions were visualized in both C6BV and brain tissues of experimentally as well as naturally infected a...
Iqra Mahmood1, Asif Nadeem1*, Masroor Ellahi Babar2, Muhammad Muddassir Ali1, Maryam Javed1, Aisha Siddiqa1, Tanveer Hussain2 and Muhammad Tariq Pervez2
... Network, functional and pathway analysis of the mammary gland genes were performed to find mastitis resistant genes, which helped us to identify prime genes of mammary gland that are more resistant to mastitis, and analysis of those resistant genes helped to find the solution of mastitis and immunity related diseases.
...tabolite in sphingolipid pathway of the cells that has an ability to promote cell death in tumor cells when produced endogenously in the cells or applied exogenously. Ceramidases, which are main component of ceramide pathway catalyze metabolism of proapoptotic ceramide to anti-apoptotic sphingosine and other fatty acids. In this study we have evaluated the pro-apoptotic effect of ceranib-2, a human ceramidase inhibitor and o...
Gabriela Mansano do Nascimento, Helena Lage Ferreira and Clarice Weis Arns
...transcription activators pathway, interferon induces the transcription of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), responsible for playing an essential and decisive role in the virus pathology. Some studies have already reported the overexpression of these genes against IBDV infection in susceptible cells. The protection ability of ISGs to safeguard chicken cells against the virus could be potentially applied for vaccine production, better vaccination protocols and...
Pinar Oztopcu-Vatan1, Gokhan Kus2, Emine Inan3, Melek Gunindi Korkut3, Selda Kabadere4,* and Ruhi Uyar4
...ygenase and lipoxygenase pathways of arachidonic acid metabolism, changes the survival rate and induces apoptosis in a hepatoma cell line (H4IIE). We determined in vitro survival rate with MTT assay, the morphological changes with an inverted microscope, apoptosis using flow cytometry and statistical significance with one way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test. IC50 values of licofelone were determined as ...
Wenqiao Hui1, Jishun Tang1, Dejian Zhu1, Qian Ban2* and Sheng Chen1*
...in to activate signaling pathways which modulate the expression of hypothalamic genes involved in reproduction and metabolism. We found that leptin significantly upregulated the LEPR in the adipose tissue of goat at the puberty onset stage. Moreover, we observed that LEPR, JAK2, STAT3 (P<0.05), KISS1 (P<0.05) were also upregulated in the hypothalamic tissue, except NPY, which was downregulated. Taken together, it is, therefore, inferred that probably lep...
Sanjukta Chakrabarti1, Colin J. Barrow2, Rupinder K. Kanwar3, Venkata Ramana1*, Rakesh N. Veedu4,5 and Jagat R. Kanwar3*
... the signal transduction pathways. Thus blocking VEGF is an efficient strategy for blocking tumor angiogenesis. Several anti-VEGF drugs have been developed over the last two decades and some are still at different development stages of pre-clinical and clinical trials. In this study, we explored the anti-angiogenic properties of three anti-VEGF molecules such as two fusion proteins, VEGF TrapR1R2 and VEGFR1(D1-D3)-Fc, and one DNA aptamer, RNV66, in an in vivo ...
Xue-yang Wang1, Shang-zhi Zhang1, Ming-hui Liu2, Dong Yu1, Yan Ma1, Dong-qiong Fei1, Hai-zhong Yu1 and Jia-ping Xu1,*
...on and the Wnt signaling pathway. However, the function of ARM-repeat protein in Bombyx mori has not been completely clarified. In this study, a gene encoding ARM-repeat protein was identified, which has an open reading fragment of 1923 bp, encoding a predicted 641 amino acid residues with a molecular weight of approximately 71.2 kDa. BmARM-like mRNA showed highest expression in hemolymph, significantly high expression levels in 4th
Guang-Xin E1, Yong-Ju Zhao1, Yue-Hui Ma2, Ming-Xing Chu2, Jia-Hua Zhang1, Zhong-Quan Zhao1, Hui-Jiang Gao2, Huai-Zhi Jiang3, Di Liu4, Li Liu5, Yan-Bin Zhu6, Wang-Dui Basang6, Luo-Bu Danjiu7, Tian-Wu An8, Xiao-Lin Luo8, Shi-Cheng He7 and Yong-Fu Huang1,*
...to 56 GO categories, and pathway analysis revealed that these DEGs were significantly enriched in 41 of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways, including signaling pathways regulating the pluripotency of stem cells, the p53 signaling pathway, and oxidative phosphorylation. The results of the present study confirmed that the selection...
Lihong Qin1, Guoliang Zhang1, Chaojie Zhu1, Jian Wu1, Zhihui Zhao2,* and Yumin Zhao1,*
...d miR-449a/FKBP1B pathways could play a vital role in bull testis development.
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Tania A. Shakoori1,*, Soumble Zulfiqar2, Khadija Irfan Khawaja3 and Faisal Masud4
...ivates the intracellular pathways involving key metabolic regulator molecules. However, the effect of NaB on Sirt1/AMPK and Akt/mTOR axes is not reported. We compared genetic expression of Sirt1, AMPK, Akt, and mTOR in adipose tissue from mice treated with NaB versus placebo. Four groups of mice (n=27) mice were administered oral NaB, intraperitoneal (i.p) NaB, oral placebo or i.p placebo for 16 days. RNA was isolated from the epididymal fat pads and relative ...
Yanjie Guo1, Weini Wu1, Hongmei Wang2, Xiao Guo2 and Yongping Xu2,*
...tem by sympathetic nerve pathways, we used immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR, Western blot and in situ hybridization to detect the expression and distribution of IL-18Rα in the inferior mesenteric ganglion of the female goat. Our results showed that IL-18Rα mRNA and proteins are expressed in the IMG, which provides molecular evidence for the study of immune and neuro-modulation in the female reproductive system.
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Sher Nawab Khan* and Ghulam Hassan
...dy to explore resistance pathway. These lines could be used as a source of aphids resistance in future wheat breeding program ...
Guifen Liu1,2, Xiaomu Liu1,2, Khuram Shahzad3, Wei You1,2, Juan J. Loor3,* and Fachun Wan1,2,4,*
...most-affected biological pathways among the DEG. Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) software also was used to analyze upstream transcription regulators and gene networks. Bioinformatics analysis results indicated that 18 months being a key age for alterations in metabolism. The results of IPA analysis revealed that several transcription regulators related to disease, cell growth, proliferation and lipid metabolism, including P...
Ayesha Noreen1, Dilara A. Bukhari2 and Abdul Rehman1,*
... activate the signalling pathways, promoting cell proliferation, invasion, inducing angiogenesis, inflammation and cellular transformation in cancer. A better understanding into the mechanism of ROS in cancer progression might be useful for the development of biomarkers and therapeutic strategies. The objective of this review was to summarize the roles of ROS in different stages of cancer, cell invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis.
...
Jingen Xu1, Yang Liu2, Erhui Jin1, Youfang Gu1, Qin Zhang3 and Shenghe Li1,*
...ceptor protein signaling pathway, intrinsic to membrane, cell junction and ion transport. KEGG pathway analysis showed that the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction was significantly enriched. The results offer a foundation for exploration of immune functions and genetic control of peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets. Also, several differentially expressed immune-related genes may be candidate genes for disease resistan...
Binbin Shan, Yan Liu, Changping Yang, Shengnan Liu and Dianrong Sun*
...classified into 311 KEGG pathways. Finally, we predicted the coding sequences of 13,072 unigenes and obtained 9,222 SSRs in the present study. The whole transcriptome is an important foundation for future genomic research on the P. penicillatus and can provide comprehensively understanding and further characterizations of transcriptomes of non-model organisms.
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Xiaojie Ding, Xiling Sun, Zuien Wang, Qiusheng Zheng, Xiaofei Yu, Wenjin Hao, Kejun Wang, Wenjuan Xu and Zhengping Dong*
...e TLR4/9-NF-kB signaling pathway in rats with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). The model was established by means of acetic acid enema plus restraint stress. The rat fecal moisture content, fecal trait score, and abdominal wall withdrawal reflex (AWR) score were used to determine whether the model was successful. The effects of Wumei Pill on the TLR4/9-NF-kB signaling pathway rats with IBS-D was observe...
Song Jiang1,2, Fa-lin Zhou1, Qi-bin Yang1, Jian-hua Huang1, Li-shi Yang1 and Shi-gui Jiang1*
...uction of many signaling pathways in response to thermal stress. Additional ATP was also produced after cold and heat stress, suggesting that more energy was required to cope with temperature extremes. Our findings indicate that temperature stress led to oxygen metabolism disorder, possibly due to the temperature being beyond the oxygen- and capacity-limitation of thermal tolerance of P. monodon. Oxygen metabolism disruption might also impact energy met...
Waqas Ali* and Mudasser Habib
...lection and evolutionary pathways are rare. In present study, 336 strains of serotype O (n = 178), A (n = 82) and Asia 1 (n = 76) were downloaded from NCBI database that mainly belonging to Pakistan, along with three vaccinal strains. Phylogenetic analysis (maximum likelihood) showed that lineages Pan Asia II, An Iran-05, and Group VII within serotype O, A and Asia 1 are causing majority of the outbreaks in the Pakistan during recent years. Moreover, only one ...
Tasleem Akhtar, Nadeem Sheikh*
Induction of acute phase in response to tacrolimus induced hepatotoxicity
...tivation of inflammatory pathways may contribute to the beginning and progression of many complications in the body. Current study was aimed to evaluate the status of acute phase response and inflammation by examining the alterations in the level of acute phase proteins due to the toxic effect of an immunosuppressive drug (tacrolimus). Aqueous suspension of tacrolimus powder (3 mg/ml) was orally given to four experimental groups of wistar rats. Control group w...
Zhen-li Li1,2, Hui-fang Zhou2,*, Bo-ru Zhou2, Bei Liu2, Xiao-fei Jiang2 and Jian-ya Xu2
..., and cAMP-PKA signaling pathways, such as PKC, p38mapk, ERK, CAM, and PKA were assessed by real-time PCR and western blot analysis. BSZYF increased the serum FSH levels suppressed by mifepristone (P<0.05). Moreover, the expression of c-Jun, Elk-1, Egr-1, CREB, PKA, p38mapk, JNK, ERK, and PKA was significantly up-regulated in the BSZYF group compared with that in the mifepristone group (P<0.05). However, there was no statistical difference in Nur77 and C...
Jian Wang1,*, Zhi Liu2, Sheng Xu2, Mei-Fen Hu2, Xiao-Rui Liu1 and Wen-Jie Cai1
...njury via the inhibition pathway of micro inflammatory immune. In order to prevent excessive micro inflammation, the patients with infection should have been repeated Hemodialysis.
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Bei Liu1, Yanli Hong1, Huifang Zhou1,*, Zhenzhen Cao1, Shuang Zhang1, Jing Jin1, Miao Jiang1, Cunsi Shen2 and Jianjian Ji2
...tream cAMP-PKA signaling pathways in RPC cells were also detected. The secretion and transcription levels of FSH and LH in Cetrorelix group were significantly decreased, while the expression of GnRHR was significantly increased compared to the blank group (p<0.05). Use of CSF with BSZYD alone showed no significant effect on the secretion of RPC, and the expressions of GnRHR and related hub genes in cAMP-PKA pathway...
Ummad-ud-Din Umar1, Syed Burhan-ud-Din2, Muhammad Fahad Khan1, Ateeq ur Rehman1, Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi1*, Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar3, Azhar Ali Khan3 and Naila Ilyas1
...nts by triggering the SA pathway. Induced resistance was assessed by evaluating the appearance of symptoms and detection of virus titter through ELISA. Different concentrations of SA and BTH were exogenously applied to activate the inherent resistance of mungbean by the production of defense associated compounds. All treatments were supportive in suppressing plant infection as compared to infected control, but the most promising outcome of treatments was obser...
Xu Lijie, Obaid Ullah, Liu Haixing, Ihsan Ali, Zhongshu Li* and Nan-Zhu Fang*
...tor 2 (Nrf2) antioxidant pathways by binding to the promoters of antioxidant genes and regulates the expression of genes that associate with NADPH oxidase. To understand the role of PPARγ in the development of early embryos and define the mechanism responsible for the arrest in development during the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT), we used an embryo model of oxidative damage by H2O2. We found that H2O2 ex...
Bibi Nazia Murtaza1,2, Azhar Qayum3, Shamaila Inayat Nadeem1, Naif Awdh Al-Maliki4, Abdulaziz Alamri4 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori2,5,*
...GFR) in the RAS/RAF/MAPK pathway. Wild type KRAS is associated with EGFR-signalling activation. In normal physiological conditions, it is activated by upstream signals when the GTP is exchanged with GDP. Playing an important role in regulation of differentiation and cell growth, RasGTPases behave as genetic switches. This transient process of GAP-mediated GTP hydrolysis becomes altered when the Kras gene is mutated. The most common Kras mutations are found in ...
Mehboob Arslan* and Xin Yang
...cific cellular metabolic pathways that aid the production of viral particles. Viruses need to breach a complex network of metabolic intrinsic factors and microenvironment established within the host cells. The pressure exerted by invading pathogen disrupts the internal balance and dictate the host-pathogen niches. For absolute survival, proliferation, and propagation inside the host cell, viruses modulate certain metabolic pathway
Ghulam Murtaza1*, Razia Sultana2, Muhammad Arshad Malik3, Sibtain Afzal4, Mubashar Hussain5, Shahid Bashir6
...ce over different reward pathways of the brain. In Pakistan, nicotine use is very high and its consumption is expected to increase further in future. This article focuses on the increase of nicotine consumption in Pakistan and how people can get rid of smoking habit using the latest method such as transcranial direct current stimulation.
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Xiaona Cao1,3-5, Yuanyuan Ren2-5, Xiaoteng Cui2-5, Baoxin Qian2-5, Chunyan Zhao 2-5, Jie Yang2-5, Chao Su2-5,* and Xingjie Gao2-5,*
...r importin-β pathway seems to be involved in the nuclear import of hnRNP A1, rather than HuR and TIA1. However, the slightly enhanced cytoplasmic accumulation of hnRNP A1 can not influence the formation of hnRNP A1 granules during oxidative stress. Timely and effective dynamic distribution of specific stress-associated proteins in the section of nucleus, cytoplasm, and SG structure is more likely to contribute to the minimization of the detrimental...
Songhao Zhang1, Yiwen Gong1, Jian Xu1, Mou Hu2, Peng Xu3 and Yanliang Jiang1,2,4,*
...red carp. Moreover, gene pathway analysis of the differentially expressed genes was conducted. We proposed the skin color and body shape depended upon at least four pathways including melanin biosynthesis, TGF-beta signaling, Wnt signaling and MAPK signaling pathways. We obtained candidate genes that may affect the morphological characteristics of purse red carp resulted from the long hist...
Farah Bilal*, Abdulmohsen Alhejaily, Shahida Husnain
...ortant component of PI3K pathway. Being a regulatory gene for RAS, PI3K and EGFR pathways, any change in PIK3CA gene sequence plays vital role in several cancers including lung cancer. Purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of common nucleotide changes (E545K/E542K and H1047R/H1047L) occur in PIK3CA gene in non smoker patients of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Somatic mutational analysis was ...
Sajida Sabahat1, Asif Nadeem1,*, Maryam Javed1, Muhammad Yasir Zahoor1, Shahid Nabeel1 and Abu Saeed Hashmi2
...ration affect signalling pathways, binding capacity and alters activity of GH. Therefore, the GH and GHR genes are considered important candidate genes. DNA samples of Marecha camel were collected from the Camel Breeding and Research Station at Rakhmani Bhakar, Pakistan. Two significant polymorphic sites were identified in GH gene and three in GHR gene. Out of these, T1720A polymorphism in GH and A211927G polymorphism in GHR genes changed the amino acid from l...
Li-na Li1, Sheng Li2, Ping Gui3, Jing-hui Li1, Fen Ai4,* and Li-li Cai1,*
...of NF-κB signaling pathway induced by irradiation as well. Our data suggest that MSCCM could reduce irradiation-induced TGF-β1 production and ameliorate collagen deposition by inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway. Our present study provides new insights into the treatment effect of uMSCs in radiation pulmonary fibrosis.
...
Ping Jiang1 , Zhihui Zhao1, 2, Xiaohui Li2, Mengyan Wang2, Lixin Xia2, Yang Cao3, Runjun Yang2 and Xibi Fang2*
... in the lipid metabolism pathway.
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