The Fundamental Role of GDF9 In Mammalian Ovarian Function: A Computational Biology Analysis
The Fundamental Role of GDF9 In Mammalian Ovarian Function: A Computational Biology Analysis
Sri Rahayu*, Muhaimin Rifa’i and Widodo
ABSTRACT
Endocrine hormones and other significant paracrine variables regulate ovarian follicle growth from the preantral to the antral stages. Growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9), which is secreted by oocytes, is a paracrine factor that plays a vital role in follicular development. We performed a computational biology analysis to determine the role of GFD9 in mammalian ovarian function. We constructed a three-dimensional model of GDF9 using I-TASSER and human GDF9 protein sequences obtained from UniProt. We also analyzed GDF9 gene expression levels using GENEVESTIGATOR. Furthermore, we identified the proteins that interact with GDF9 using the Biological General Repository for Interaction Datasets and investigated their network formation using the STRING database. Finally, we performed a pathway analysis for GDF9 using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes databases and Wiki Pathways. Our results showed that GDF9 was composed of a protein, signal peptide, and mature protein and was highly expressed in oocytes. The interaction between GDF9 and other proteins was shown to activate various biological processes in the follicle, including the bone morphogenetic protein pathway, SMAD protein signaling, and the regulation of progesterone secretion. We concluded that GDF9 is important for female gonad development, ovulation cycle mechanisms, ovarian follicle growth, and female fertility.
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