Protective Effects of Atractylodes macrocephala Polysaccharide on iIELs and the IL-6, TNF-α mRNA Level in E. coli induced Diarrheal Mice
Protective Effects of Atractylodes macrocephala Polysaccharide on iIELs and the IL-6, TNF-α mRNA Level in E. coli induced Diarrheal Mice
Zhongqing Wang1, Qiuyue Wu1, Ruiling Ye1, Fazul Nabi1,4, Yangfei Shang1, Sarfaraz Ali4 and Juan Liu1,2,3*
ABSTRACT
Study was carried out to investigate the protective effects of Atractylodes macrocephala polysaccharide (AMP) on the quantity of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (iIELs), and the IL-6, TNF-α mRNA transcription level in duodenum of diarrheal mice. A total 72 mice were randomly divided into 6 groups: control (CG), infection (IG), positive drug (PG), AMP low/middle/high dose (LG/ MG/ HG) groups respectively, (n=12). The mice were induced by diarrhea with E. coli (5×107CFU) via i.p injection (0.5 mL/time/d) after seven days of pre-administration except in CG. After the induction of the diarrhea, the pathological signs and the quantity of iIELs in small intestine and the mRNA level of IL-6 and TNF-α in duodenum were analyzed by qRT-PCR from all groups at 6 h and 4 d, respectively. IG group shows abnormal mental state and the lack of the appetite; however, AMP pre-treatment caused the normal state and appetite. The duodenal mucosa in IG was seriously injured; with epithelial hyperplasia and necrosis. However, the intestinal histology of duodenal mucosa was reverted by AMP pre-treatment with normal structure and morphology with protective rate of 0 %, 70 %, 66.7 %, 40 % and 33.3 %, from IG, PG, HG, MG and LG groups respectively at 6 h. As compared to CG, the quantity of iIELs in IG was significantly (P<0.01) higher at 6 h and 4 d in duodenum and ileum of diarrheal mice; however, the iIELs quantity in IG was significantly (P<0.01) higher and lower at 6 h and 4 d in jejunum, respectively. The AMP pre-treatment reduced iIELs in duodenum and ileum at 6 h and 4 d, respectively and increased iIELs in jejunum at 6 h and 4 d. The mRNA level of IL-6 and TNF-α in duodenum was increased in IG at 6 h and 4 d as compared to CG (P<0.01). Although the IL-6 and TNF-α in levels in duodenum decreased significantly with AMP pre-treatment as compared with IG (P<0.05). Results suggested AMP showed anti-diarrheal activity which maintained immune barrier in intestinal mucosa through regulating the quantity of iIELs and soothing the duodenal inflammatory injury might via NF-κB inflammatory pathway.
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