Mirza Imran Shahzad1,*, Anna Iqbal2, Farrah Ali1, Nuzhat Sial3, Muhammad Ashfaq4, Abul Hasanat5 and Azra Khanum6
...sion method. Supernatant fraction of E. coli was positive against Sal. typhi and supernatant fraction of P. multocida was positive against E. coli, which show that antimicrobial agents were secretory in nature. Sonicated fractions were on second order to produce antimicrobial activities. The freeze thaw method was least effective in secretin...
D.K. Hazra, Megha Pant, S.K. Raza and P. K. Patanjali
Formulation technology: key parameters for food safety with respect to agrochemicals use in crop protection
...: justify;">A very small fraction of all applied pesticides is directly involved in the pesticidal mechanism. This implies that most of the applied pesticides find their way as 'residue' in food chains where they undergo concentration and pro-duce potential, long term, adverse health effects. Pesticides in developing countries in Asia and Pacific region are mainly available as dust, wettable powder, emulsifiable concentrates, solutions, etc. These types of for...
Muhammad Mansoor, Zaigham Abbas and Nageen Husssain*
...duals. Gluten, a protein fraction commonly found in wheat grains, associated with food related disorders and a number of autoimmune diseases. We hypothesized that gluten containing diet would further exacerbate an already undergoing arbitrary immune reaction in SLE patients. Pristane was injected in female BALB/c mice to induce the disease. After five months, mice in various groups were treated with prednisone and fed with gluten containing and standard diet f...
Jawad Anwar* and Zafar Iqbal
... in strong activity were fractionated into acetonitrile and ethyl acetate followed by testing against human pathogenic bacterial strains (Eschericia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus) using 96 well microtitre plate method. The Ethyl acetate fraction showed maximum zone of inhibition (24.25±1.06 mm) against X. campestris and (23.15±2.12 mm) against C. michiganensis on growth nutrient broth (...
Xiaopeng Tang1,3, Rong Xiang1, Sijia Chen1,3, Shufen Yang1,3, Hu Liu1,3, Rejun Fang1,3,* and Aike Li2,*
...no acid (AA) and peptide fractions, and the AA digestibility and metabolic energy of fermented cottonseed meal (FCSM) and enzymatic hydrolyzed cotton seed meal (EHCSM) in white leghorn roosters. Firstly, CSM were fermented with Aspergillus niger, or hydrolyzed with alcalase and flavourzyme. Secondly, a total of 32 white leghorn roosters with similar body weight (1.95± 0.14 kg) were randomly assigned into 1 of 4 treatments, 1) starvation grou...
Burcu Onuk1,*, Murat Kabak1, Bünyamin Sahin2 and Nazan Gezer İnce3
... using volume and volume fraction approach of the stereology. In this study, 14 seagulls and 7 storks were examined and volume fractions of the nasal cavity and nasal structures were estimated. Heads of animals were scanned in computed tomography. The images were sampled randomly at a 1/5 sampling fraction. 11-16 sections for the stork and 16-20 sections for the seagull were examined. The ...
Kaleem Ullah1, Zafar Niaz2, Sami Ullah Mumtaz3, Sajid Abaidullah4*
... Similarly mean ejection fraction of the patients turned out to be 60.6±4.6. The mean peak mitral filling velocity of the patients was 69.8±15.9 cm/s. The mean peak mitral filling rate of the patients was 57.2±30.9 cm/s and mean E/A ratio was 1.3±0.3. The mean iso-volumetric relaxation time of the patients was 84.2±14.7 msec. The mean mitral E deceleration time of the patients was 187.4±25.1 msec. The mean atrial flow ...
Munir Ahmad1, Aisha Hameed2*, Saba Khaliq3, Hamid Saeed Malik4 and Shahida Mohsin5
...ildren and forms a major fraction of childhood malignancies in the developed countries. Numerous chromosomal aberrations have been observed in ALL including translocations which result in the production of fusion genes (BCR-ABL, TEL-AML1, and MLL-AF4). These chromosomal rearrangements have great prognostic and therapeutic significance. Amongst these, TEL-AML1 fusion gene represents a subgroup of ALL cases, which are associated with many clinically impor...
Nuzhat Huma1, Fozia Ghaffar1, Saima Rafiq2,*, Imran Pasha1, Aysha Sameen1, Imran Hayat2 and Imtiaz Hussain2
...us compounds and protein fractionations of casein and whey proteins of milk from different dairy animals like buffalo, cow, sheep, goat and camel. The buffalo and sheep milks have comparatively higher fat, solid-not-fat and total solid contents than other milks. Maximum whey proteins were found in the sheep milk (0.78%) whereas cow milk had lowest contents (0.54%). Non-casein-nitrogen (NCN) contents in sheep milk were higher followed by camel and buffalo milks...
Nadia Khan1*, Abdul Waheed1, Farrukh Siyar Hamid1, Naveed Ahmed1, Zafar Iqbal2, Seemab Ali1, Madiha Bashir1 and Hina Gul3
...eals that the methanolic fraction of oil possesses metabolites like carbohydrates, amino acids, alkaloids, flavonoids and glycosides. To test the antibacterial activity of the extracted seed oil, Agar well diffusion assay was employed. Effectiveness of the oil against selected bacterial species was measured in terms of zone of inhibition in millimeters. Amoxicillin was used as a positive control. The results showed that Clavibacter sp. and E. coli exhibit resi...
Muhammad Babar Khawar, Nadeem Sheikh*
Effect of paper industry leachate on various serological indices and serum proteins of wistar rats
...ntal groups. The protein fractions of 317, 212, 178, 134, 89, 74 and 68 KDa were found in Group 1 compared to control (331, 215, 180, 139, 112, 91, 75 and 69 KDa). However, protein fraction of 202, 171, 136 and 91 KDa were present in Group 2 compared to control. These findings confirmed that paper industry leachate is extremely noxious and induce alterations in various serological parameters and also interfere with the expre...
Muddasir Hassan Abbasi1, 2, Noor Fatima1, Syed Shahid Imran Bukhari1, Asma Rashid khan3, Nadeem Sheikh2*
Variations in proteins and transaminases following experimental induction of Bisphenol A in mice
...samples revealed protein fractions (KDa) of 149, 132, 101,
72, 75 and (163, 114, 91, 75, 72, respectively. Conclusively, it can be stated that extensive use of BPA in various
application cause serious health hazards, as noted by changes in serum proteins and transaminases. Therefore,
further investigation of its toxicity is necessary in order to consider it safe....
72, 75 and (163, 114, 91, 75, 72, respectively. Conclusively, it can be stated that extensive use of BPA in various
application cause serious health hazards, as noted by changes in serum proteins and transaminases. Therefore,
further investigation of its toxicity is necessary in order to consider it safe....
Nabila Roohi, Mehjabeen, Samina Ashraf*
Effects of cigarette smoking on serum proteins profile in male active and passive smokers
...serum total proteins and fractions
(albumin, total globulins, gamma globulins and non-gamma globulins) of active and
passive smokers. Blood samples of 180 cigarette smokers were collected from
different locations of Lahore and 60 healthy non-smokers from University of the
Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam campus Lahore, in terms of comparable age, height, weight
and socioeconomic set up. Serum protein profile was analyzed using commercial...
(albumin, total globulins, gamma globulins and non-gamma globulins) of active and
passive smokers. Blood samples of 180 cigarette smokers were collected from
different locations of Lahore and 60 healthy non-smokers from University of the
Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam campus Lahore, in terms of comparable age, height, weight
and socioeconomic set up. Serum protein profile was analyzed using commercial...
Atiq-ur-Rehman1,2,*, Abida Latif1,*, Rukhsana Anwar1, Nasir Abbas1, Sajid Nawaz2 and Hamid Turab Mirza3
...ode of action of various fractions of methanolic extract of the aerial parts of this plant. Various fractions (n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol) from the most active methanolic extract were prepared. Hypoglycemic potential was investigated by α-amylase inhibitory assay. Different concentrations of fractions (20-100 µg/ml) were subjected to in vitro &alph...
Sabi-Ur-Rehman1, Anwar Khalid2, Qazi Najam Us Saqib3, Farooq Ahmad1, Shaheed-Ur-Rehman4, Neelam Zaman3, Ayeza Mehmood5 and Abdul Samad6*
...s given by ethyl acetate fraction of leaves against P. fluorescens and A. niger respectively. The crude saponins isolated from leaves did not give significant results against the tested bacterial strains where as it was significantly active against fungal strains. The results were compared to standard drug, Ciprofloxacin and Fluconazole which gave 30.0±0.0 mm and 28.0±0.0 mm zone of inhibition respectively. The phytochemical analysis of leaves an...
Gul Afshan1,2,*, Soumble Zulfiqar2, Sumaira Mehboob2, Muhammad Tahir Javed Khan1 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori2,*
...on and refolding through fractional dialysis with urea. Multiple alignment with other sequences showed nucleotide variations of HCV3a E2 compared with already reported sequences. A total of 140 (11%) point mutations were found in Pakistan’s gene sequence, out of which general and specific differences were 93 (9%) and 47 (4%), respectively. The general differences usually occur in common population while the specific differences are present only in some c...
Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1*, Ghulam Sarwar1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Noor-Us-Sabah1, Ayesha Zafar1 and Sher Muhammad2
...ative response. Leaching fractions may help keeping salt concentration low in the root zone when irrigation water is saline. In this experiment three types of water (canal, EC = 2 and 3 dS m-1) were used as such and with leaching fraction of 10 and 20 %. This experiment was conducted in the field and RCBD design was used to make its layout. All the treatments were replicated four times. Sorghum was used as test crop. Pre and...
Muhammad Naeem Khan* and Asad Jan
...MCE) and various solvent fractions and in-vitro antimicrobial activities of whole plant of D. botrys. Qualitative phytochemical screening of MCE and solvent fractions of D. botrys showed the presence of alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and sterols, however in n-hexane fraction (HxF) only flavonoids and saponins were detected. In quantitative analysis, among all the solvent...
Naila Riaz1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir2, Muhammad Khalid Mukhtar1, Ali Hassan2, Shaukat Ali2, Shafaat Yar Khan1
...t study, different venom fractions were isolated from the crude venom of Hottentota tamulus (Fabricius, 1798) and Androctonus finitimus (Pocock, 1897) by HPLC. The toxicity and acetylcholinesterase activity of selected venom fractions were determined using of Musca domestica adults. Only one fraction (out of 7) from H. tamulus venom and one
Nihat Tekel1, Ilkay Baritci1, Halit Deniz Sireli1, Muhittin Tutkun1, Ecevit Eyduran2 and Mohammad Masood Tariq3,*
...ncy and valuable carcass fractions of Awassi x (Romanov x Awassi) G1 crossbred male lambs were found similar to the corresponding values of Awassi breed.
...
Erum Yawar Iqbal1*, Ashfaque Ahmed Nahiyoon1, Shahnaz Dawar2 and Shahina Fayyaz1
... extract of all bacterialfractions were found to be least effective as compared to cell-free supernatant, bacterial suspension and methanol extract suggesting that EPB has the potential to release its metabolites with insecticidal mode of actions in the surrounding culture media. New species proficiency was evaluated in comparison with other indigenous isolates and resulted in most efficient at 30ºC after 24h and proved to have good effectiveness as biolo...
Boxin Dou, Ying Liu*, Yumeng Liu, Lili Fan, Yongqiang Ma, and Yanguo Shi
...ates of RB proteins were fractionated and the new ACE inhibitory triplet was isolated and identified. The amino acid sequence of the ACEI was identified as Ile-Thr-Leu or Leu-Thr-Ile. In vitro, ACE inhibition assays showed that the IC50 value of the peptide was 0.0118 mg.ml-1. The inhibitory activity of the peptide slightly increased after incubation with gastrointestinal proteases. It was revealed that the ACE inhibitin...
Aqeel Nawaz1, Muhammad Ali Kamran1
PARAMETRIC SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF CONVEX STAR PORT PROPELLANT GRAIN FOR SOLID ROCKET MOTOR
...nalysis of
sliver fraction (tail-off)and neutrality. The purpose of the study is to expand the design domain by evaluating entire
convex Star family under both neutral and least sliver content conditions.The computer program associated to it
is essentially the ballistic design analysis of the convex star grain configuration.Results showed that neutrality and
sliver fraction are dependent oncertain...
sliver fraction (tail-off)and neutrality. The purpose of the study is to expand the design domain by evaluating entire
convex Star family under both neutral and least sliver content conditions.The computer program associated to it
is essentially the ballistic design analysis of the convex star grain configuration.Results showed that neutrality and
sliver fraction are dependent oncertain...
Tehmina Amjad1, Ishfaq Ahmad1, Muhammad Akram Shaikh2, Nabila Naz1
VARIATION IN CITATION BASED FRACTIONAL COUNTING OF AUTHORSHIP
...iation in citation based fractional Vf -index which not only consider the number
of authors but also the variation factor in the number of citations. Vf -Index considers the consistency in received
citations of publication in addition to their quality and quantity for indexing. We have used Co-efficient of quartile
deviation for calculation of variation in received citations because it is sensitive for both skewed and un-skewed
data...
of authors but also the variation factor in the number of citations. Vf -Index considers the consistency in received
citations of publication in addition to their quality and quantity for indexing. We have used Co-efficient of quartile
deviation for calculation of variation in received citations because it is sensitive for both skewed and un-skewed
data...
Nisar Mohammad*, Mohammad Mansoor Khan* Noor Mohammad*
CHARACTERIZATION OF TALC-CARBONATE ROCK OF MINGORA EMERALD MINES, DISTRICT SWAT, KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA, PAKISTAN
... using SEM-EDX X-Rays Diffraction (XRD) , Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Heavy Media Separation to determine talc content in the original rock. Petrograph...
Muhammad Imran Ahmad*, Nan Zhang**, Megan Jobson**, Muhammad Younas*, Kamran Ghani***
DELUMPING PROCEDURE FOR PREDICTION OF DISTRIBUTION OF PRODUCTS IN DISTILLATION USING A SHORT-CUT MODEL
...ration of petroleum fractions at conceptual design stage. A methodology for prediction of detailed product distribution for distillation processes using short-cut calculations of distillation is developed in this work. The proposed delumping procedure is explained in this paper, and an illustrative example is presented to elucidate the application in modeling of distillation using short-cut calculation methods. The proposed methodology help...
Magbolah Salem Helal Alzahrani
...poprotein HDL, LDL, VLDL fraction levels, indicating liver damage. Rats given CCl4 and fed on 5% M. chamomilla showed the most significant increase in organ weight as compared to all levels of treatment suggesting that M. chamomilla can reduce liver damage. Rats given CCl4 then fed on a combination of all levels of M. chamomilla showed a decrease of AST, ALT and ALP enzyme levels in the serum, suggesting a reduction i...
Qurrat ul Ain Akbar*, Saqib Arif, Shahid Yousaf, Salman Khurshid and Najmus Sahar
Effects of Flour Particle Size on Farinographic Properties of Wheat Dough
.... Each type of flour was fractionated separately into coarse (1000 to 1500µm), medium (500 to <1000 µm) and fine (<500 µm) fractions on the basis of particle size. All the farinographic parameters (except dough development time) were influenced by particle size of wheat flour. Water absorption was negatively related with flour particle size. Dough stability was positively related to flour particle siz...
Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi1*, Olubumi Atolani2 and Gabriel Ademola Olatunji3
Toxicity Effect of Eucalyptus globulus on Pratylenchus spp. of Zea mays
...evaluate the toxicity of fractions and essential oil of Eucalyptus globulus (Myrtaceae) against Pratylenchus spp. infecting Zea mays. The phytochemical basis of the plant was partly established using Infrared (IR) spectroscopy, Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), proton and carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H-NMR and 13C NMR) Spectroscopy analysis. Effect of application of plant phytochemicals on the planted maize was also examined in te...
Simeen Mansoor, Jabeen Farheen* and Meher Hassan
..., 86, 76, 62, and 61 kDa fractions were identified the first time, which may be involved in temperature stress acclimation. Conclusively, the sublethal-temperature along with phytohormones are involved in green gram growth, proteome expression, and thermotolerance via initiating antioxidant defense signaling.
...
Qaiser Shakeel1*, Rabia Tahir Bajwa1, Yasir Iftikhar2, Mustansar Mubeen2, Muhammad Luqman3, Waqas Ashraf1 and Ifrah Rashid4
...pesticides upon purified fractions with no hazardous effects on environment as well as humans....
Weenghar Ali Chandio1, Tajnees Pirzada1*, Abdul Majid2 and Farzana Rashid3
...hniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Finally, the effect of extracted humic acid on wheat seed germination profile including root/shoot length, germination and fresh/ dry weight was investigated by applying varied concentrations of HA (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20ppm).UV-Visible spectroscopy confirmed the presence of HA in soil sample. XRD demonstrated that HA extracted had semi-crystalline...
Shahida Sabir1, Anwar Ali Shad1, Tariq Masood1*, Zafar Ali Shah1, Nasiruddin2, Yaseen Ahmad1 and Syed Sartaj Alam3
...oids were present in all fractions except n-hexane and petroleum ether while tannins were present in all the fractions. Flavonoids, lipids, terpenoids and glycosides were present in extracts at moderate to high concentrations. Methanolic fraction of mushroom proved to be bactericidal with highest % inhibition (65, 36 and 75 %) recorded at 25 mg/L concentration against all the three bacteri...
Ameer Hamza1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Noor Us-Sabah1, Ghulam Sarwar1 and Muhammad Luqman2,*
...ater along with leaching fraction could be useful by keeping low concentration of salts in the root surrounding area. This study assessed the role of leaching in alleviating the negative effect of saline water on soil characteristics. Results of the studies indicated that 6.57% reduction in soil pH (7.6), 46.06% reduction in EC (1.3 dS m-1), and 46.41% reduction in SAR (5.3) while 17.34%, 5.4% and 5.66% increase in soil organic matter, soil available phosphoru...
Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Potential of the Roots of Berberis brevissima Jafri. (Berberidaceae)
Zain Ullah1*, Anwar Ali Shad1 and Saqib Ali2
...reening on ethyl acetate fraction (Fr. C) obtained from the roots of Berberis brevissima Jafri. resulted in three compounds. Their structures were elucidated as β-Sitosterol-3-O-β-ᴅ-glucopyranoside (1), Berberine (2), and Pakistanine (3) using spectroscopic analysis, including mass, 1D, and 2D NMR data techniques. The antibacterial assays of the obtained six oil sub-fractions (H-1 to H-6) were accomplished agains...
Asim Mushtaq1*, Asra Nafees1, Raza Muhammad Khan1, Amina Israr1 and Zaeem Uddin Ali2
...f fibers. At high weight fraction, the long fibers during mixing a formed pile of hair-like structure in concrete cylinder thus not helping the PFRC increase its strength. The utilization of fibers in cement can result in bond setting aside to 10 percent, and within sight of fly residue, saving might be up to 35 percent. All these benefits result in the overall enhanced durability of concrete.
...
Muhammad Waheed* and Dost Muhammad
... fertilizers can alter P fractionations in soil and boost up its availability to plant in calcareous soils. For this purpose, a pot experiment was conducted in the green house of the University of Agriculture Peshawar to assess changes in P fractionations and wheat seedlings growth in two diverse calcareous soils. The pretreated composts were prepared by mixing 0, 2 and 4 % P with FYM on dry weight basis either from RP (rock...
Reena Ambreen1, Sadaf Sarfraz1*, Fouzia Qamar2 and Shomaila Skinadar1
Tajnees Pirzada1*, Weenghar Ali Chandio1, Mansoor Ali Kalhoro2, Mir Munsif Ali Talpur1, Waheed Ali Mirbahar1, Abdul Ghafar Solangi1, Zulfiquar Ali Jumani1 and Rehana Kerio1
...hniques such as X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), UV-Vis spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).The data confirmed the adsorption of humic acid on the surface of ZnO nanoparticles. The HA/ZnO NPs exposure significantly increased germination by 83 %, root length (60 %), shoot length (78 %), fresh weight (71.4 %) and dry weight (45.9 %).. The HA/ZnO NPs were applied as co-fertilizer to upgrade the Brassica campestris seed germin...
Sadarman1, Agung Irawan2, Muhammad Ridla3, Anuraga Jayanegara3*, Nahrowi3, Roni Ridwan4, Ahmad Sofyan5, Hendra Herdian5, I Nyoman Guna Darma5, Teguh Wahyono6, Dewi Febrina1, Rakhmad Perkasa Harahap7, Rizki Amalia Nurfitriani8, Danung Nur Adli9
...he values of the soluble fraction (a), degradation rate (c), and effective degradability (ED) value. However, there was a significant decrease in the value of potentially degradable fraction (b) and a+b (potential degradation) of dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) (p<0.05) for the SSR with or without fermentation. In conclusion, extracted CT and HT from acacia and chestnut showed a protective effect on the potentiall...
Ali Ghazi Atiyah1*, Nadia Hameed Rija Al-Falahi2 and Ghazi Atiya Zarraq3
...haracterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and simulation body fluid. The results reveal that β-CPP powder was pure, well crystallinity and the designed scaffold had multiparous surface with pillars particles morphology, with Ca/P ratio (0.8) which matched with theoretical predictions. Also, there was a formation of rough precipitation layer when using SBF showed the bioactivity of the scaffol...
Ishrat Younus1,2 and Afshan Siddiq1*
...re need to carry out the fractional extraction of crude extract with different solvents based on polarity to identify the active constituents with exact analgesic and antipyretic mechanistic action of Raphanus caudatus as well as clinical trials are required in future for medicinal use of the plant in humans....
Min Li1, Shiwu Deng2*, Yiqian Peng3 and Hong Li2
...eft ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDd) and left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESd) of SD rats were measured by echocardiography, and the mRNA expression level of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma co-activator 1-a (PGC1 a), superoxide dismutase (SOD2) and citrate synthase (Cs) were detected by real-time PCR. Ultrastructural changes of myocardial mitochondria were observed by transmission e...
Arab Khan Lund1*, Atta Hussain Shah2, Gul Bahar Khaskheli2, Mool Chand Malhi3, Ahmed Sultan Jatoi4, Abdul Samad Mangsi5 and Asad Ali Khaskheli6
...cluded that the nitrogen fractions markedly affected by different heating and time combinations followed by physical properties while less effect on the chemical components of milk ultimately nutritive value....
El-Kholy KH1*, Tag El-Din H1, Seham NE Seleem1, Eman Hussein2 AM El-Shhat2
... total protein and their fractions (albumin and globulin) and all lipid profile were insignificant affects by in-ovo different SV solutions, times of eggs dipping and their interaction. The best values of body weight gain, feed conversion ratio and performance index were recorded in that group dipping eggs at 0.05% SV followed by groups dipping at 0.15 or 0.10 % SV throughout the experimental period. According to the results, it can be concluded that in-ovo di...
Hafiz Liaqat Ali1, Muhammad Tahir Hassan1*, Muftooh Ur Rehman Siddiqi2, Mehwish Arshad1 and Muhammad Mudassar Sharif3
...gine speed, and hydrogen fractions. The main performance parameters included heat release, mass fraction burned (MFB), power (frictional, effective, indicated), efficiency (mechanical, indicated, brake thermal), and coefficient of variation for indicated mean effective pressure (COVIMEP). Hydrogen blending in NG extends the lean ignition limit, accelerates combustion, and enhances the efficiency of combustion. Hyd...
Zahra Jamilah Sabrina1, Adrian Pearl Gunawan2, Beryl Reinaldo Chandra2, Ilham Pangestu Harwoko3, Johannes Marulitua Nainggolan4,Widi Nugroho1*
...py (FTIR), XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The course of fracture healings was analysed at 21 days post-treatment using Emery’s score and Kruskal-Wallis and Mann Whitney U statistics. Results showed that micro-CHA has a molecular formula of Ca10(PO4)3(CO3)5(OH) and a crystallinity level of 89.97%. Nano-CHA has agglomerate sizes of 82.68 – 153.00 nm. Emery’s score in the nano-CHA+PRP group was highest amongst al...
The Effect of Pomegranate Peel on Soybean Meal Protein Degradation and Milk Production in Dairy Cows
Soliman Mohammed Soliman1*, Mohsen Mahmoud Shoukry2, Ahmed Mohammed El-Okazy1, Ahmed Mahmoud El-Morsy1, Mahmoud Mohammed Soliman1
...e immediately degradable fraction (a), the potential fraction degradation (b), and a lower rate of degradation. Diets containing SBM treated with 200 or 250 gm of PP reduced in vitro gas production, methane production, and TVFA and ammonia concentrations without effect on physiological rumen activity. Moreover, milk yield and milk composition were not affected. However, the concentration of milk urea nitrogen (MUN) was signi...
Syeda Rubab Zaidi* and Safdar Ali Mirza
...estimation. The purified fraction was then subjected to enzymatic characterization to find its thermal stability, effect of pH and selected chemical compounds. Other significant experimental findings were; optimum incubation period was 7 days, inoculum size was 3 discs of 0.5 cm, CuSO4 as inducer improved production, laccase activity of crude extract i.e. 10.89U/ml increased to 15.07U/ml with purification of the enzyme, the purified samples of enzyme was signi...
Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi
...spect of chromatographic fractions from Mangifera indica as a substitute to synthetic nematicides in the control of Meloidogyne incognita pests of tomato was evaluated. Crude extracts of M. indica bark was fractionated on silica-gel (120-150 mesh) using glass column. The resulting fractions were investigated in screenhouse and field trials. The fractions...
Saima Mehar1 and Salma Javed2*
...ssessment of two primary fractions of W. coagulans crude extract, chloroform and butanol, is the focus of the current study. Crude extracts were tested against Meloidogyne incognitain vitro conditions. The second stage juveniles (J2) were exposed at 24, 48 and 72 hours in different concentrations of plant extracts. During in-vitro condition inhibition of egg hatchability and J2 juveniles’ mortality varied according to the concentration of plant extract. ...
Lyudmila Yakovlevna Rodionova*, Irina Valeryevna Sobol, Lyudmila Vladimirovna Donchenko, Artem Vasilevich Stepovoy and Andrey Georgievich Koshchaev
... Data on the content and fractional composition of pectin substances in different parts of pumpkins are presented. The kinetics of changes in the content of pectin substances in pumpkins after harvesting and storage for 90 days are shown. To assess the quality indicators of pectin substances, their analytical characteristics are determined – the content of free carboxyl groups, methoxyl, and acetyl components. The high content of galacturonic acid determ...
Diagnosis of Staphylococcus aureus Infection in Bovine Mastitis using its Affinity Purified Fraction
Ehab A. Fouad1*, Khaled A. Abd El-Razik2 , Eman H. Abdel-Rahman3
...tify;">Affinity purified fraction from Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was extracted, characterized and evaluated for its potency in diagnosis of S. aureus mastitis through indirect Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). For purification of fraction, bacterial fresh cultures were centrifuged at 3000 rpm / 20 min and were homogenate in phosphate buffer saline and centrifuged at 15000 rpm / 20 min that known as the crude...
Mai A Fadel1*, Ahmed M Elmahdy1, Jihan Mostafa Badr2, Mohammed AM Saleh3, Mona A.A. AbdelRahman3
...cidal concentration, and fractional inhibitory concentration were determined. High Performance Liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed to quantify the concentrations of enrofloxacin and amoxicillin in serum and different tissues of chickens. The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics indices of both antibiotics were calculated and statistically analyzed. Aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, urea, and creatinine serum level were also e...
Ghulam Ali Bajwa1*, Zahid Rızwan2 and Muhammad Atıf Majeed1
...ic combinations to avoid fractioning of genetic diversity and gene erosion. In this study ten bivoltine hybrids were screened by heterosis using 11 biological and silk yielding quantitative traits. Heterosis was measured using multiple evaluation index (MEI), mid-parent heterosis (MPH) and better-parent heterosis (BPH), and hybrids were ranked using MEI and cumulative sub-ordinate function (CSF). The hybrids produced MEI >50 with the highest in PO206×...
Hossam Mahrous Ebeid1, Ahmed Abdelkader Aboamer1*, Amgad Ahmed Abu Elella2, Ibrahim Mohamed Khattab3, Osama Hefny Matloup1, Fatma Ibrahim Hadhoud1
...igh ruminally degradable fraction (76.1%). Increasing supplementation amount of DMSC in goats’ diets reduced their blood cholesterol (linear; P = 0.012). However, total protein, albumin, globulin, urea-N, glucose, and liver enzymes showed no significant changes. DMSC supplementation increased milk energy content (MJ/kg), milk total solids, non-fat solids, protein, and lactose (g/kg) (linear; P < 0.05). In conclusion, supplementing lactating goats&rsqu...
Siriporn Namted, Kanokporn Poungpong, Wiriya Loongyai, Choawit Rakangthong, Chaiyapoom Bunchasak*
...east extract (YE), their fractions, and the dosage as feed additive on the growth performance, immune function, and gut morphology of pigs. Inconsistent results have been reported for the various yeast products utilized in the animal feed industry, with differing types of YE processing (autolysis or hydrolysis) and differing doses/responses. In a feed additive, the components of the cell wall (β-glucan and mannan-oligosaccharides) and some of their cellul...
Ayesha Saeed1*, Farzana Kishwar2, Ahsan Nazir3, Sharjeel Abid4, Muhammad Abiodullah5, and Danial Ali6
...studied through X-ray diffraction (XRD). SAMA nanofibers exhibited highest antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus (gram positive bacteria) than Escherichia coli (gram negative bacteria), while SAHRS nanofibers showed moderate value against both bacteria. It was concluded that prepared antibacterial nanofiber cosmetic mask has an excellent application in medical cosmetic industry....
Rani Winardi Wulan Sari1, Novirman Jamarun2*, Suyitman3, Khasrad4, Elihasridas2, James Hellyward5, Gusri Yanti1
...vitro nutrient and fiber fraction digestibility, Volatile Fatty Acid (VFA), Ammonia (NH3), and gas production. No significantly differences (p>0.05) were observed in the pH among the treatments. The nutritional degradation, fiber degradation, VFA and NH3 in the P3 higher than other treatments (p<0.05). P3 had digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), cellulose, and hemicellulose...
Fahrauk Faramayuda*, Soraya Riyanti and Sitty Mahanadhiandinie
...thanol extract, n-hexane fraction, the water fraction and the ethyl acetate fraction of white tea leaves had IC50 values of 2.03, 4.77, 2.17 and 1.55 μg/mL, respectively. Quercetin was used for comparison which showed IC50 value of 1.05 µg/mL. The ethyl acetate fraction had an antioxidant activity, equivalent to quercetin, and can be categ...
Layth Saleem Salman Al-Shihmani
...istribution of some sand fraction. As for the sand minerals, a discrepancy was noted in some heavy and light sand minerals between the front and rear of the dam. It was found that both the difference in the mineral content of the sedimentary cycles and the effect of the Kut Dam on the velocity of the flow of the river load had a role in the variation in the distribution of soils in that region....
Salma Bessalah1, Samira Jebahi2, Asim Faraz3*, Amel Raoufi2, Cem Tırınk4, Walid Dridi2, Mahmoud Daouad2, Hassib Keskes5, Touhami Khorchani1, Khaled Farah2, Abdul Waheed3 and Mohamed Hammadi1
...copy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) for the first time. Results revealed that gelatin yield increased significantly (P<0.05) as the extraction temperature and time increased (19.71%) at 70°C for 12 h. EPR spectroscopy demonstrated that 10 kGy of radiation-induced the decomposition of side groups. New peak positions (Paramagnetic centers) were located at around 3800 G. Moreover, an enhancement of EPR peak (3300 and 3400 G) (g-factor = 2.0) was detect...
Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi1*, Mariam Temitope Baker2 and Gabriel Ademola Olatunji2
...h grade), which afforded fractions that were analysed with GCMS and FTIR for constituent identification. The result shows octanoic acid; hexanoic acid methyl ester; ethyl octanoate; 9, 12-octadecadienoic acid methyl ester; dodecanoic acid; octadecanoic acid methyl ester; decanoic acid; octadecanoic acid ethyl ester and tetradecanoic acid as the major components while the infra red spectral diagnostic signals agree with the expected vibrational frequencies corr...
O. A. Fabiyi
...aticidal activity of the fractions were
evaluated in the laboratory using a 4x4x3 factorial experiment, while the crude extracts were tested on
Meloidogyne incognita infecting Abelmoschus esculentus in the field. Three hundred juveniles were used for the
assessment. Acetone extract coded DNLO/Me2CO caused a significant increase in plant height, number of leaves,
number of fruits per plant and fruit weight per pla...
T.S. Rizvi and F. Shahina†
...er 72 hrs. Ethyl acetate fraction was most active at
highest concentrations causing 60% nematode mortality after 72 hrs. However, aqueous fraction (1 and 0.5)
showed 40% mortality after 72 hrs exposure.
...
O. A. Fabiyi, G. A. Olatunji and O. Atolani
...umn. The chromatographic fractions were tested in vitro along with their crudes and carbofuran on Meloidogyne incognita juveniles and eggs. The ...
Nguyen Thi Kim Dong1*, Nguyen Van Thu2 , Nguyen Hoang Qui3
...r extract (EE) and fiber fractions increased with increasing levels of SBP. The apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), ether extract (EE), and nitrogen-free extract (NFE), as well as nitrogen retention, decreased linearly with increasing SBP (P <0.05). The apparent total tract digestibility of the majority of individual amino acids was greater than their apparent ileal digestibility (P <0.05). Individual amino acid di...
MUHAMMAD MUNEEB SOHAIL1, FATIMA AMEER2, GUR CHARN SINGH2, MUHAMMAD ZAID1*
...y measured. Plasma lipid fractions were accordingly determined. Participants suffering from bacterial/viral infection, hemophilia, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, or anemia were excluded from this study. Statistically significant and non-significant results were obtained for different lipoprotein fractions. Although, Body Mass Index (BMI) was a good classical indicator of obesity, other indicators li...
Saima Mehar1, Amtul Sami2 and Erum Iqbal3*
...gt;ether >Hexane, all fractionates showed positive reactivity and potential....
Khalil1*, Dwi Ananta1, Andri Bachtiar2, Hermon3
...l appearances, botanical fraction, proximate, and fiber fraction content were determined. The nutritive values of stored rice straws were evaluated by feeding four male Indonesian-indigenous Pesisir cattle in a 4x4 Latin Square design. There were four experimental diets: basal diet + fresh rice straw (FRS), basal diet + stacking-supplemented rice straw (SSRS), basal diet +rolling-supplemented rice straw (RSRS), and basal die...
Amina Rahat1, Zahin Anjum1*, Sehlina Zehra2, Fatima Umal Baneen3 and Rabia Chishti1
... Additionally, Different fractions of the A. sativum, P. ovata, N. sativa were prepared anad analyzed for antibacterial, insecticidal and antifungal activities. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that almost all the plant extracts showed potential antibacterial, insecticidal and antifungal activities against different microbes....
Altaf Ur Rahman1, Muhammad Ajmal Khan2*, Ali Hazrat3, Awais Farid4, Muhammad Yahya3* and Inam Ullah5
...otential. The methanolic fraction of C. jacquemontii was evaluated for quantitative phytochemical constituents. The antibacterial efficacy was investigated via well diffusion method by using a concentration of 100 µg/ml. Furthermore, the antioxidant potential of extract was estimated at various concentration (50, 100, 150, 200, 250 µg/ml) through 2, 2-Diphenyl -1- picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assay (150 µg/ml). Results showed that the methanolic ex...
Tabark F Ahmed, Nibras Z. Yahya*
...acterial effects through fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC index < 1) against tested isolate, while the combination of ascorbic acid with erythromycin exhibited antagonistic effects. Furthermore, time-kill analysis showed that ASCORBIC/CIP combination exhibited highest synergistic and bactericidal effect. It was determined that in vitro study against E. coli O157 in the treatment of urinary tract infection, the combination of ascorbic acid and ciprof...
Abdel-Khalek El-Sayed Abdel-Khalek1*, Abdelaziz M. Sakr2, Wael M. Nagy2, Hesham S. Abou-Serie2, Entesar Z. Eliraqy2
...tributed into five equal fractions, each fraction was diluted with Tris-extender at each level of PEE (PEE0, PEE1, PEE2, PEE3, and PEE4). Semen was gradually diluted at 37 °C with each extender at a rate of 1: 10, equilibrated for 4 hours at 4 °C, packaged in French straws, and frozen in liquid nitrogen at -196 °C. Evaluation of semen was achieved pre-freezing in equilibrated semen and post-thawing in sem...
Rabail Hassan Toor1,3, Raazia Tasadduq2, Jane B. Lian3, Janet L. Stein3, Gary S. Stein3 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori1*
...ry effects of CQ (hexane fraction). The present study explores anti-resorptive effects of CQ-H on bones. We utilized RAW264.7 murine macrophage cell line as osteoclast precursors, and resveratrol (RSV) as a standard for its anti-osteoclast activity. Upon RANK-L induction of RAW264.7 cells to differentiate into osteoclasts, we found 10ng/ml CQ-H as most efficacious concentration for inhibiting osteoclastogenesis with 57.8% inhibition of TRAP activity. Whereas, ...
ZAMARA MASOOD1, FAROOQ SALEEM1, SARFRAZ AHMAD2, TALHA JAMSHAID3, IMRAN WAHEED4,
MUHAMMAD AZEEM1, UMAR FAROOQ GOHAR5 & HAFIZ MUHAMMAD ARSALAN6, 7*
...xed fats and oils in all fractions. Floral
extracts were found to contain highest total phenolic contents (64 to 73
mg GAE/g), whereas leaves n-hexane fraction exhibited maximum DPPH
potential (70 %). All the extracts showed promising antimicrobial activity
in terms of zone of inhibition against selected bacterial strains, both Gram
positive and Gram negative i.e. f...
SHEHLA AKBAR*, SAIQA ISHTIAQ*, KHALID HUSSAIN, ANS MUNIR & SAIRA REHMAN
...or was calculated of all fractions by
adopting the standard procedure. By using concentration 200μg/ml and
400μg/ml methanolic fraction showed 4.57 and 4.86, hexane 1.54 and
5.0, aqueous 1.07 and 2.33, chloroform 0.94 and 3.87, ethyl acetate
18.56 and 28.41, butanol 4.34 and 7.91. Ethyl acetate fraction showed
highest SPF va...
Hamdy Abdala El-Nagar1, Abdelaziz Mohamed Elhais2, Ayman Hassan Abd El-Aziz3, Wael Mohamed Wafa1, Mohamed Sobhy Elsayed Farrag2, Moataz Ibrahim Badawy1, Safaa Elsayed Salah Atia2
...total proteins and their fractions, total lipids, total cholesterol, and glucose, and the lowest urea and creatinine levels (P<0.05). Plasma immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, and IgM) and total antioxidant capacity increased to the maximal values, while AST and ALT activities decreased to the minimum values in G4. Feeding Friesian calves on milk supplied with propolis (5 g) plus thyme oil (2 ml) per calf during the suckling period can improve growth performance, g...
Hermawan Setyo Widodo1,2*, Tridjoko Wisnu Murti1, Ali Agus1, Ambar Pertiwiningrum1
...hen sequencing. SDS-PAGE fractionated then quantified the milk proteins from 34 PE, 57 SA, and 15 SP does. The study found the A allele was predominate followed by F and N on PE and SA. However, the SP goat only has A and F alleles in equal frequency, and the E allele was only found on SA. The AF genotype predominated on all breeds in almost half of its population, thus, the most diverse was SA. The Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium of PE and SA indicated the infl...
Kanda Yanuar Muhamad1,3, Trioso Purnawarman2, Chaerul Basri2*
...e knowledge, and a small fraction (4%) have poor knowledge. However, there are still misconceptions and gaps in understanding, particularly concerning transmission, waste handling, and prevention of zoonoses originating from reptiles. Therefore, efforts should be made to enhance the knowledge of zoonoses from reptiles among importers and reptile traders, aiming to prevent the transmission of zoonotic diseases from the reptiles being traded. ...
Ashfaq Hussain1, Javed Khan2, Ammara Blouch3, Ahmad-Ur-Rahman Saljoqi1, Ashraf Khan4,5* and Zaheer Sikandar6
...ty. The maximum survival fraction was observed for pre-pual and fourth instar larvae, while the minimum was found for the egg stage. Mortality survival ratio (MSR) was found to be maximum at the egg stage and minimum at the 4th instar and pre-pupal stages, while the Indispensable mortality (I.M.) was found to be maximum at the egg stage and minimum at 4th instar and pre-pupal stages. Life expectancy (ex) was found to be maximum in the egg phase (4.67) and mini...
Abdul Aziz1,2, Hamad Bin Rashid1*, Muhammad Arif Khan1, Asim Khalid Mahmood1, Ayesha Hassan1, Hamid Akbar1, Sadaf Imran1, Naveed Hussain1, Muhammad Umar1, Muhammad Asif1, Sajjad Javaid1 and Mamoona Chaudhry3
...stify;">Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) has become a promising candidate for regenerative therapy. SVF is preferred over culture-expanded stem cells due to its quick availability for clinical use and easy preparation. Burn wounds are a serious problem faced by veterinary clinicians in various animals. In this regard, the study was planned for the preparation and characterization of SVF from the adipose tissue of rabbits. Twelve healthy rabbits having body weig...
El-Dougdoug, Kh.A. t , S.A. Ghaza12 , A.A. Mousa2, H. Fahmyj and A.R. sofy2
... differences in isozymes fractions, RF value and intensity as compared with healthy plant. Results were confirmed by peroxidase activity where the level of peroxidase activity was considerably higher in ARC leaves than TB and the last TN. The total RNA content in infected leaves gave the highest content in ARC followed by TB isolate while the lowest was recorded in isolate. Finally, RT-PCR showed differences between CPsV-EG isolates of PCR-products...
Rahmat Rahmat1, Muhammad Yusuf2*, Abdul Latief Toleng2, Herdis Herdis3, Athhar Manabi Diansyah2, Hasrin Hasrin4
...h in the upper and lower fraction. In the movement pattern of sexed sperms, There was no significant difference in the kinematics parameters (P>0.05) in the T1, T2 and T3 treatments. The proportion of X:Y with freeze-dried albumin on the upper layer showed T1 (57.00:39.13) significantly different (P<0.05) from T2 (69.61:25.49) and T3 (75.00:24.00), while the lower layer showed T1 (33.17:64.36) significantly different (P<0.05) from T2 (23.27:72.77) and...
MUHAMMAD ASLAM1*, ZAHRA NOREEN2, AMINA ASGHAR1, ABRAR HUSSAIN2, RASHAD MEHMOOD3, MUHAMMAD USMAN KHAN4, KAYNAT SALEEM5, MUHAMMAD TAHIR HUSSAIN6* & ASMA CHAUDHARY7
... spectral data, X-ray diffraction studies and also investigated using density functional theory (DFT). Optimized geometry was obtained by performing DFT calculations at B3LYP level of theory and 6311+G (d,p) basis set. Frontier molecular orbital analysis has been executed at B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) level of theory. The global reactivity parameters were explored using the energy of frontier molecular orbitals. Natural bond orbital analysis has been carried out at B3...
MAHRUKH SHAHID1, KHAJISTA JABEEN1* & SUMERA IQBAL1
...ty order. These secluded fractions were further tested to evaluate their in vitro antifungal activity along with a reference fungicide (Mancozeb). Data obtained after 7 days of incubation depicts that maximum antifungal activity was observed in fungicide with 89% inhibition in the radial diameter of the test fungus. n-hexane and chloroform also effectively retarded the growth of F. oxysporum, whereas n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractio...
Olaolu Fadeyi1,2, Oluwatoyin Fabiyi3*, Tesleem Bello4 and Gabriel Olatunji5
...of Anacardium occidental fractions. Analysis of ethanol extract of A. occidentale using gas chromatography spectrometry revealed the presence of several phyto constituents such as phenol, triterpenoids, flavonoids and other bio-active compounds. The array of fatty acid esters revealed in the GCMS result of the fractions especially fraction 52-71/Z2 is responsible for the exhibited toxicity...
Waseem Abbas, Imtiaz Ahmed* and Imran Khan
Igor Ponjiger1, Milutin Kovacevic1*, Vladimir Markovic1, Zoran Ristic1 and Vukan Lavadinovic2
...ly differed between four fractions of the hunting ground - Bački Petrovac, Kulpin, Gložan, and Maglić. Density varied from 27 in Bački Petrovac to 50 individuals per 100 ha in Maglić. The population was negatively affected by mean patch size and by the area under no vegetation during the winter period. Conservation measures should focus on enhancing habitat heterogeneity by reducing field size, and fostering sowing during the late autumn period....
Shah Zeb Khan1, Ali Hazrat1*, Farman Ali Khan2, Muhammad Yahya1, Gul Rahim1, Muhammad Mukhtiar3, Muhammad Ajmal Khan4 and Hayat Ullah1
...anolic which was further fractionated into n-hexane (HR, HS), Chloroform (CR, CS), ethyl acetate (EtR, EtS) and butanol (BR, BS) soluble fractions by solvent-solvent extraction. In phytochemical tests of roots fractions; HR showed the presence of terpenoids, while saponins, alkaloids and flavonoids were detected in CR. EtR was enriched in terpenoids and phenols and the butanol
Sanaullah Sattar1, Ali Hussain1,2*, Javed Iqbal Qazi2, Arshad Javid1 and Shahid Mehmood1
...ium without it. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic analyses reveals the presence of FeS in the corrosion product. Our findings of this study will be helpful for devising corrosion-protecting strategies....
Syeda Fakehha Naqvi1, Iqra Haider Khan1 and Arshad Javaid1
... study, n-hexane soluble fraction of methanolic stem extract of this weed was subjected to GC-MS analysis to identify various biologically active constituents. There were 28 compounds in this fraction. Major compounds included oleic acid (16.55%), palmitic acid (11.22%), β-sitosterol (9.63%), hexadecanoic acid (7.71%) and methyl oleate (5.90%). Other prominent compounds were piperine (4.75%), nonacosane (4.69%), monopla...
Iqra Haider Khan1 and *Arshad Javaid1
...as partitioned into five fractions using organic solvents of variable polarities. A range of concentrations (1.562 to 200 mg mL-1) of each fraction was used in laboratory bioassays. n-Butanol fraction showed the highest antifungal activity followed by chloroform and n-hexane fractions causing 68–82%, 52–82% and 42–82% decrease in biomas...
Farrukh Avais1, Anser Ali1, Hamza Javed2, Muhammad Saleem3, Tehreem Tahir4,
Muhammad Rafiq5,*
...urther processed for 1:1 fractional distillation to prepare
methanolic n-hexane (MeOH_n-Hx), methanolic ethyl acetate (MeOH_EA) and
methanolic chloroform (MeOH_CHCl3) extracts, aiming to evaluate tyrosinase and antioxidant
activities in-vitro. Our results confirmed that all MeOH-crude AS and MP extracts
showed significant anti-oxidant activity with IC50 values ranging from 0.05 ± 0.2 mg/ml
to 4...
*Arshad Javaid1, Syeda Fakehha Naqvi1 and Iqra Haider Khan1
...present in ethyl acetate fraction of root extract of C. murale were
identified. The weed plants were collected from Jehlem, Pakistan. Its roots were dried,
powdered and extracted in methanol. After evaporation of the solvent, the remaining
extract was mixed in water and partitioned with n-hexane, chloroform and finally with ethyl
acetate. The last fraction was analyzed through ...
Iqra Haider Khan1, *Arshad Javaid1 and Nadeem Shad1
...s of polar and non-polar fractions of methanolic extract of hemp (Cannabis sativa
L.) leaves against A. versicolor. Dried leaves of hemp were soaked in methanol for two
weeks. The material was filtered and the methanol was evaporated on a rotary evaporator.
Thereafter, water was added to the residues and the aqueous mixture was successively
partitioned with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. Diffe...
Shabnam Javed1, Amna Shoaib2 and Zaid Mehmood1
...-MS analysis of n-hexane fraction of S. tomentosa led to identification
of five compounds viz. 3,13-dimethylpentadecanoic acid (1), 2,4-dimethyltetradecanoic acid
(2), 2,4-heptadecadienoic acid; ethyl ester (3), 2-butyl cyclopropane dodecanoic acid (4)
and heptadecanoic acid; ethyl ester (5). Further isolation and identification of active
constituents in S. tomentosa could confirm the discovery of novel plant dru...
Shabnam Javed1 and Amna Shoaib2
... methanolic extracts and fractions (n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl
acetate and water) against three cancer cell lines (lung A-549, hepatocellular HepG2and
urinary bladder EI-138). Cytotoxic assays were carried out with five concentrations (0.05,
0.01, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.5 mg mL-1) of methanolic extract and its subfractions through MTT
assay [3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-dip...
S. M. Chughtai, Jehandar Shah, Syed Zahir Shah and Sardar Hussain Shah
...moisture and the coarser fraction of soil. In moderately wet new alluvial lands, Saccharum spontaneum was the leading dominant; on relatively drier sites,
Astragalus graveolens took the lead over; and in more wet habitats, Salvia-Polypogon community dominated the scene. The stable land was dominated by Cynodon-Imperata community representing a relatively a advanced stage of succession....
F. W. Khan, Khawas Khan and M.N. Malik
...mical constants of these fractions determined. The separation of tallow appears feasible since it does not involve any cumbersome steps in processing....
Budi Santoso*, Bambang Tjahyono Hariadi, Marlyn Nelce Lekitoo
...ecreased the crude fiber fraction in complete feed silage generated from palm frond, while also enhancing the quality of fermentation and nutrient digestibility.
Keywords | Fermentation, Methane, Oil palm frond, Ruminant, Silage
...
Javairia Mehboob1, Syeda Hafsa Ali1*, Fahima Ashraf Kasi1, Syeda Ayesha Ali2, Safa
Farooqi3, Muneeza Arbab4,
...meter and using X-ray diffraction (XRD). We
further determined antimicrobial activity of these biogenic nanoparticles against pathogenic
bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli) and Plant pathogenic fungal
strains (Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger). Our results confirmed the formation of
AgNPs with size <100 nm. Antibacterial activity of lavender mediated AgNP was highly
<...
Hina Ilyas1, Umar Hanif2, Anser Ali1, Zahid Hassan Tarar3,Hamza Javed4, Tehreem Tahir5, Muhammad Rafiq6*
...re further processed for fractional distillation using ethyl acetate (EA), n-hexane (n-Hx) and chloroform (CHCl3) preparing total 20 extracts aiming to test their anti-tyrosinase potential, in-vitro. Our results confirmed that all C. bergamia and F. carica crude extracts showed significant anti-oxidant activity with IC50 range of 384.2 ± 19.1 to 77.3 ± 10.0 μgmL-1, collectively. Moreover, significant anti-tyrosinase activity for C. bergamia (I...
Humam T. Hadi1*, Orooba M. S. Ibrahim2
... size analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The SaAuNPs showed a UV-visible spectrum at 562 nm, a zeta potential of 90mV, and a particle size of 48nm. The XRD revealed a crystalline nature of the particles, and the SEM showed regular spherical nanoparticles. The study also showed that clove oil and salicylic acid had similar results but to a lesser extent and with non-significant findings. The outcomes suggest that SaAuNPs ...
Bunga Rimta Barus1, Masfria Masfria2*, Aminah Dalimunthe3, Sovia Lenny4
...aining the ethyl acetate fraction obtained from red ginger leaves in facilitating the healing process of excision wounds. The study utilized 30 male Wistar rats, divided into six groups with five rats each, to ensure robust statistical analysis. The ethyl acetate fraction was extracted using a detailed maceration and fractionation process with 96% ethanol, followed by formulation into a ge...
Saitul Fakhri1*, Heni Suryani2, Teja Kaswari1, Munawwaroh Pane1, Neneng Hariyati1, Dodi Rolis Limbong1, Anuraga Jayanegara3, Daniel Komwihangilo4
...ate parameters and fiber fractions. One gram of the sample from each treatment group was incubated with buffered rumen fluid at 39°C for 72 h. Gas production was measured after incubation for 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36, 48, 62, and 72 h. pH, NH3, organic matter degradation (OMD) and microbial yield (MBO) were measured at the end of the incubation period. The gas data were fitted using an exponential model. Results revealed that the steam decreased (P<0....
Hina Yasin1,2*, Shaukat Mahmud2, Hina Abrar1, Kaneez Fatima3, Rabia Bushra1 and Saima Zahid2
...ethanol and successively fractionated using n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and water. Mentioned biological activities were determined in different groups of wistar strain mice by administering various leaves extracts in differential dose pattern (81, 54 and 27 mg/kg). Cytotoxic activity was assessed by the Brine shrimp bioassay method. Results showed that extracts significantly responded as analgesic drug comparable to standard drug using different method...
Aulia Puspita Anugra Yekti, Ani Atul Arif, Putri Utami, Habib Asshidiq Syah, Anggita Dian Pramudhita, Rr. Ani Rizqianti, Trinil Susilawati*
...y was T0: sexing PDGC 10 fractions using Andromed® diluent. T1: sexing PDGC 10 fractions using tris aminomethane diluent + 20% egg yolk. T2: sexing PDGC 5 fractions using Andromed® diluent. T43: sexing PDGC 10 fractions using tris aminomethane diluent + 20% egg yolk. Parameters measured include motility, viability, abnormalities, concentration, T...
Yusuf Subagyo*, Merryafinola Ifani, Hermawan Setyo Widodo
...evels. The ethyl acetate fraction has higher toxicity 13.34±5.78; 50.00±10.00; 100.00±0.00% and hexane as lowest 6.67±5.78; 20.00±0.00; 60.00±10.00%. Fraction from 50% Ethanol extraction has the lowest LC50 (560.63ppm). Replacement of concentrate using dried C. calothyrsus in the diet of lactating PE goats had no effect (P>0.05) on productive performance such daily gain of T1-T2-T...
Shaymaa Jabbar Hassoon1*, Hiba Ibrahim Ali2, Ayat Jasim Mohammed3, Oras Salman4
...roscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The results showed the meat samples comprised Staphylococcus aureus (14%), Escherichia coli(8%) and pseudomonas(2%) , all isolated bacteria were confirmed by VITEK 2 system. The results of UV-Vis analysis showed a silver surface plasmon resonance band at 420 nm. AgNPs’ spherical form and diverse diameters D1 (21.10) and D2 (21.39) were observed using SEM. While FT-IR spec...
Jaafar Haider Abd Alrudah1, Nada Fadhil Abbas2*, Farah Ali Hadi1, Haider Tuma Kaab3
... antigen from whole-cell fraction (WCF) antigen in mice. The estimation of humoral immune responses and IgG showed that the levels of the antibodies were higher in the immunized group than in the control group. Collectively, the study revealed a high level of IgG antibodies in the serum of pigeons immunized with the attenuated WCF antigen. However, future work is warranted to use a purified vaccines to demonstrate the immune induction potentials in pigeons.&nb...
