Ali Muhammad*, Muhammad Ayub
...uit. Phenolic compounds, flavonoids and anthocyanins which are the major components of olive fruits degrades significantly during four weeks of treatment process. Results showed that during brine treatment, fermentation take place which significantly convert the oleourepean into simple sugar and decreased during treatment process. Lye solution penetrates inside the msesocarp and than endocarp during four weeks of treatment process. The lye ...
Taghreed A. Hafiz1, Murad A. Mubaraki1*, Mohamed A. Dkhil2,3 and Saleh Al-Quraishy2
...e total polyphenolic and flavonoids contents were determined using a spectrophotometric method. The antiradical scavenging property and the maximum nontoxic concentration of the extract was determined using DPPH assay and MTT method, respectively. Serial concentrations of the extract not exceed the maximum nontoxic concentration were used against Vero cells for anti-HSV-1 and ant-HSV-2 effects by plaque assay. The results of the phytochemical analysis sho...
Rana Muhammad Aadil1,2*, Xin-An Zeng1, Saqib Jabbar3, Akmal Nazir2, Abid Aslam Mann2, Muhammad Kashif Iqbal Khan2, Abdullah2, Amna Ramzan2
...nt capacity (TAC), total flavonoids (TF) and total flavonols as equated to thermal and control, while ºBrix, pH and acidity remain unchanged in all HPP treatments with control and thermal. After this, we suggested that HPP treatment (250 MPa/60 °C/3 min) has a potential against thermal to progress the value of grapefruit juice and could be applicable at industrial scales.
...
Jiandong Wu, Miao Ye and Zaigui Wang*
...nd purification of total flavonoids from corn silk, and the anti-hyperlipidemic activities was analyzed in rabbits by feeding experiment. Firstly, the high extraction yield (5.32 mg·g-1) of total flavonoids were obtained under the optimal extraction conditions, which are 80°C for 3 h with corn silk over 60% ethanol ratio of 1:30. Then, the AB-8 resin was selected for the purification of
Irfan Ali Sabir1, Saeed Ahmad1*, Muhammad Nafees2, Ahmad Sattar Khan1, Maryam3 and Ishtiaq Ahmad2
...52.0 µg 100-1) and flavonoids (1.79 µg 100-1) were significantly high in ‘Faisalabad Selection’. Faisalabad Selection and ‘Surkha Burma’ exhibited high score for taste, flavor, texture, aroma and pulp color compared to other indigenous and exotic varieties. It is concluded that ‘Faisalabad Selection’, ‘Surkha Burma’ and ‘Kensington Pride’ among indigenous and exotic varieties, respectively...
Ashraf M. Mounir, A.N. El shahat* and A.M. Abdul Azeem
...enolic content and total flavonoids of frankincense has been significantly increased under the effect of gamma-rays in this work. Injection of isoprenaline hydrochloride (100 mg/ kg B.Wt./day) to rats resulted in cardiac oxidative stress, inflammation, hyper-lipidemia and increase cardiac marker enzymes. Treatment of rats with GFAE (45 mg/kg/day) prior to injection of ISO provide significant cardio-protective effects evidenced by an obvious reduction in...
Asma Sohail1*, Aina Rafique2, Kashif Sarfraz Abbasi1 and Maryum Arif3
...eas maximum phenolic and flavonoid contents were significantly higher in Muzafati freeze dried date powders. Results suggest that freeze dried date fruit powder had the highest potential to be used as functional foods as they are potential source of antioxidants. Date powder also showed probable antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli. Overall, results showed that freeze drying is the most effective method for gaining maximum antioxidant activity from ...
Nadia Khan1*, Abdul Waheed1, Farrukh Siyar Hamid1, Naveed Ahmed1, Zafar Iqbal2, Seemab Ali1, Madiha Bashir1 and Hina Gul3
... amino acids, alkaloids, flavonoids and glycosides. To test the antibacterial activity of the extracted seed oil, Agar well diffusion assay was employed. Effectiveness of the oil against selected bacterial species was measured in terms of zone of inhibition in millimeters. Amoxicillin was used as a positive control. The results showed that Clavibacter sp. and E. coli exhibit resistant to the oil extract while Xanthomonas sp. displayed nil results. The present ...
Tahir Abbas*1, Khawaja Raees Ahmad2, Asmatullah3, Khalid Pervaiz Lone4, Muhammad Ali Kanwal2, Sadia Suleman2
Reno-hepatic protective effects of Jambul against chromium induced anomalies in mice
...presence of anthocyanin, flavonoids and β-sitosterol. The JFE’sprotective effects against heavy metals environmental toxicants especially Cr+6 is novel and cheapest; that should be sponsored for ethno-medicinal purpose....
Sabi-Ur-Rehman1, Anwar Khalid2, Qazi Najam Us Saqib3, Farooq Ahmad1, Shaheed-Ur-Rehman4, Neelam Zaman3, Ayeza Mehmood5 and Abdul Samad6*
...es, tannins, phenols and flavonoids etc. It is concluded that S. saligna crude extracts as well as crude saponins exhibit broad antimicrobial spectrum against various disease-causing microbes. ...
Muhammad Naeem Khan* and Asad Jan
...e of alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and sterols, however in n-hexane fraction (HxF) only flavonoids and saponins were detected. In quantitative analysis, among all the solvents, ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) had highest amount of phenol (27.4 mg/g), flavonoids (15.5 mg/g) and alkaloids (3.14 mg/g), while MCE displayed maximum amount of saponins (34.3 mg/g). In the proxima...
Syeda Naila, Muhammad Ibrar, Fazal Hadi* and Muhammad Nauman Khan
... carbohydrates, phenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponin, fats and oils ...
Aamir Mushtaq1,2, Rukhsana Anwar1 and Mobasher Ahmad1,2,*
...mg of GAE/g of extract), flavonoids (87.67 ± 0.67 mg of RE/g of extract), tannins (194.04 ± 1.79 mg of TAE/g of extract) and anti-oxidants (IC50 value = 59.60 µg/ml found by DPPH method) in plant extract. Higher inflexion ratio (0.25 ± 0.05), most of time spent in dark area (158.34 ± 4.88 sec), increased no of hole pokings (34.16 ± 2.01), significant (P < 0.001) elevation in superoxide dismutase (17...
Magbolah Salem Helal Alzahrani
... and matricin as well as flavonoids. This study aims to elucidate the possible therapeutic applications of different levels of M. chamomilla on the functional status of liver, in rats injected with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), a known hepatotoxin. Thirty-six male albino rats were treated with subcutaneous injection of CCl4 in paraffin oil 50% V/V (2ml/kg b. wt.) twice a week for 2 weeks to induce chronic liver damage. After injecti...
Gregory Ejikeme Odo1,*, Juliana Ekenma Agwu1, Nkechi Nweze2, Clara Ikegbunam2,Felicia Ekeh N1, Vincent Ejere1, Ngozi Ezenwaji1, Reginald Njokuocha2, Godwin Ngwu1 and Fabian Okafor1
...0.1px;">days. The flavonoid contents were higher in relative high abundance (+++) more than other constituents such as the cardiac glycosides, steroids, saponins, and tannins are moderate in abundance (other constituents such as the cardiac glycosides, steroids, saponins, and tannins that were moderate in abundance (++). There was a dose duration dependent (p < 0.05) decrease in RBC in all the groups. There were also duration-dependent decrease in MC...
Rabab Rafaqat1, Habib Ahmed Rathore1, Tariq Masud2, Imran Hayat1* and Imtiaz Hussain1
Determination of Different Chemical Constituents of Fruit, Leaves and Oil of Olea cuspidata (Wild Olive) Grown at Rawalakot, Azad Jammu and Kashmir
... content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of fruit and leaves extracts in these solvents were determined. Oil was extracted from wild olive fruit by the process of solvent extraction and was studied for physicochemical properties like refractive index, specific gravity, pH, free fatty acid, peroxide value, iodine value, saponification number and unsaponifiable matter. Results indicated that fruit and leaves of wild olive grown at Rawalakot Azad Jammu an...
Bushra Baig and Saeeda Yousaf*
Shahida Sabir1, Anwar Ali Shad1, Tariq Masood1*, Zafar Ali Shah1, Nasiruddin2, Yaseen Ahmad1 and Syed Sartaj Alam3
Ibadullah Jan1*, Iqbal Munir2, Inamullah Khan3, Syed Muhammad Suhail4 and Aqib Iqbal2
...tential and ability of a flavonoid compound (Dosiflavone), obtained from Dodonaea viscosa, as an anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic along with in vivo acute toxicity in the animal model. Different techniques such as xylene induced ear edema model, Carrageenan induced paw edema model, Hot plate pain model, Ethanoic acid-induced pain model, Yeast instigated pyrexia model acute toxicity model was used to investigate Dosiflavone. Dosiflavone showed sign...
Chao-Qun Shi1, Hong-Ying Lin1, Jin-Qing Zheng1, Fan Yang1, Kwame Ayisi Lartey1, Dan-Ju Kang1, Hwa-Chian Robert Wang2, Ravi Gooneratne3*and Jin-Jun Chen1*
...the feasibility of total flavonoids from C. odorata (TFCO) as an antibacterial agent in vitro, and the mechanism of action of TFCO in combating Escherichia coli-induced diarrhoea in mice. MBC and MIC values of 0.25 and 0.125 g TFCO/ml showed it was effective as an antibacterial agent against E. coli (CMCC 44752) in vitro. Ninety Kunming mice were randomly divided into five groups of 18 mice per group (1 male: 1 female). ...
Vishal Ambidi 1,3, Sanjeev Bantewad2, Suraj Prasad Mishra1, Anupama Hingane1 and Jagdish Jaba1*
... phenols, tannins, total flavonoids present in seeds showed significant negative correlation with correlation coffecient (r) being (-0.729**, - 0.650**, -0.783**), respectively with percent pod damage by pod borer complex. Thus genotypes with maximum pod wall thickness, high non glandular trichome density and high phenol, tannins, flavonoids content in pigeonpea genotypes showed tolerance to pod borer complex.
... 
Sonam Khatri1, Shaheen Faizi2, Shahina Fayyaz1 and Erum Iqbal1*
...s, fatty acids terpenes, flavonoids and steroids are assembled in this article which further provide a basis for a noteworthy nematicidal effect....
A.M. Abdul Azeem, Ashraf M. Mounir and Amr N. El-Shahat*
...olic compounds and total flavonoid contents of dried pumpkin seeds as well to determine the hypoglycemic influence of γ-irradiated pumpkin seeds dried powder (GPSDP) on diabetic rats. In this work, the level of total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of raw dried pumpkin seeds was significantly increase under the effect of γ-irradiation (10 kGy). The results showed that glucose and testicular malondialdehyde ...
Juliet N. Ozioko1, Obinna V. Ayogu2, Benjamin O. Ezema1, Dilibe C. Uramah3 and Kingsley O. Omeje*,1
...dard methods. Alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponnins and terpernoids were detected. The leaf extract had 0.415 % of alkaloids, 0.102 mg/TAEq of tannins, 0.211 mg/QEq of flavonoids and 0.360 mg/GAEq of phenolics. Phytol, oleic acids, hexadecanoic acids and octadecanoic acids were detected in the leaf extract by Gas Chomatography-Mass Spectroscopy. White blood cells, hemoglobin and platelets were some of the hematological i...
Naila Shahzadi1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1*, Shaukat Ali1, Muhammad Farooq Bhatti2, Azizullah1, Shafaat Yar Khan3, Abdul Khaliq4
...ary metabolites (phenols flavonoids, phenolic amino acids and proline) and white hen’s egg at different larval instars. Economic parameters (pupal weight, shell ratio (%), cocoon weight, filament length, shell weight, denier, fibroin and sericin contents) and biological traits (fresh weight of each larva, silk gland, pupa and moth) of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) have been enhanced with natural food supplements. The current review h...
Doaa Khairy1, Mohamed Ali Osman2 and Fatma Abdel Mohsen Mostafa1*
...ccurrence of a number of flavonoids (21) and phenolic compounds (23) including Hespiridin, Naringin, Rosmarinic acid, Pyrogallol, Salicylic acid and Gallic acid which are implicated in plant preservation and hence induce strength against nematode infection. The results of current study indicated that aqueous leaf extracts of neem, moringa and canola parts in mixture can act as plant growth promoters and potentially be developed into a commercial nematicide to ...
Rasha Ali Taha Hamza1, Atef Saad Osheba1, Hassan Mohamed Sobhy2, Sahar Hussein Abdalla Hekal2*
...ll as total phenolic and flavonoids contents in both water and ethanolic extracts of galangal and sumac extracts. Also, the effect of previous extracts on quality attributes of beef burger was evaluated. The ethanolic extracts of both galangal and sumac were shown to have significantly higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents than the aqueous extract, in particular 90% Ethanol Extract, where the 90% Ethanol Extract of su...
Tao Ren1, Guiqiu Cao2, Xiao Han3, Feng Tan1, Qiaoli Chen4, Shicheng Yang5 and Haiyan Zhang6*
...nd health. Naringenin, a flavonoid possesses the potent antioxidant potential and it is proposed to be useful in the treatment of CVD. In this experimental study, we aimed to scrutinize the cardio-protective effect of naringenin against the I/R induced myocardial injury and elucidate the possible mechanism of action. In vitro studies, the H9c2 cardiomyocytes cells were treated with naringenin or without naringenin and then subjected to I/R, respectively. At en...
Emtenan M. Hanafi1*, Fouad M. Tawfeek2, Walid S. El Nattat1, Moetazza M. Alshafei3, Seham S. Kassem3, Kawkab A. Ahmed4, Enas N. Danial5, Hagar Elbakry3, Hoda S. El-Sayed2
...f male albino rat. Total flavonoids, total phenolics, DPPH, HPLC and antimicrobial test against different types of bacteria were done for SP extract. BL has been microencapsulated in association with SP. Twentiy eight. adult male rats were divided into 4 equal groups. G1 received high fat diet (HFD), G2 received HFD and microencapsulated BL, G3 was supplemented by HFD plus encapsulated SP and BL. While G4 received basic diet as a control. After 2 months, anima...
Imtiaz Ahmed*, Imran Khan and Zia Ud Din
...Total polyphenols, total flavonoids content and antioxidant potential of the wheat flour, chamomile powder, wild thyme powder, mixture of chamomile and wild thyme at the ratio of 1:1, control bread and composite test bread samples were performed using standard methods. Folin-Ciocalteu, Aluminium chloride, and Colorimetric assays (ABTS and DPPH) were followed to determine total phenolic content, flavonoid contents and antioxi...
Muhammad Ajmal Khan1, Muhammad Yahya2*, Ali Hazrat2, Javed Khan3, Saeed Jan4, Tabinda Nowsheen2 and Inam Ullah5
...evaluated for alkaloids, flavonoids and terpenoids contents. The antibacterial activity of methanolic leaves extract of T. camphoratum was carried out against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains through agar well diffusion assay (small wells were made with cork borer and 6μl of plant extract was added to the wells). The antioxidant activity of methanolic leaves extract was evaluated through a well established protocol 2,2-diphenyl-picrylhydraz...
Hairul Islam M. Ibrahim1,2, Abdalla A. Sayed1,3, Abdel Naser A. Ahmed4,5 and Emad A. Ahmed*1,6
...Pinocembrin is a type of flavonoid present in honey and propolis. It has high antioxidant and neuroprotective effect. The present study was designed to evaluate the immunomodulatory properties of pinocembrin (PCB) and the anti-apoptosis effects using in vitro and in vivo mice splenocytes and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in C57BL/6j female mice, respectively. The reduction of clinical symptoms and disease index were evaluated by histochemical...
Eman A. Al-Shahari1,2, Eman R. ElBealy3, Abdelhalim A. Alkhazendar4 and Abeer A. Alm-Eldeen4*
... tolerance. Quercetin, a flavonoid has the ability to face the oxidative injury through its antioxidant activity. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the possible role of quercetin in modulating liver’s function and structure in aged male rats. Forty eight male albino rats (3 and 30 months old) were used. Half of the rats at each age received 200 mg quercetin/Kg every other day for 2 weeks. Thirty months old rats showed a decrease in...
Al-Hassan M. Mostafa1*, Gehan Mohammed Sayed2
... In conclusion, the high flavonoid and phenol content of A. sativum ingredients have the ability to repair the degenerative hazards induced in a goat infested by Haemonchus contortus which aid in healing process. However, the time that Coriandrum sativum needs for repairing affected tissue is relatively more than that of Allium sativum.
Keywords | Goat, Haemonchus contortus, Garlic, Coriander and abomasum.
...
Juweria Abid1, Shakeel Ahmad2, Humaira Wasila3, Tooba Asif4, Muhammad Farooq5* and Attaullah Jan6
...henolic compounds, total flavonoids and antioxidant activity. Physicochemical characteristics, proximate composition and energy density were also estimated. Statistical analysis showed significant differences (p <0.05). Fat content (6.73±0.06%) and total solid (15.21±0.01%) were found highest in Buffalo milk. Mineral analysis revealed that Sheep milk contain marked level of calcium, magnesium and zinc that is (196.00±3.61, 19.00±...
Shakeel Ahmad1*, Humaira Wasila2, Juweria Abid3, Nazir Muhammad4 and Hazrat Usman5
...sed for evaluating total flavonoids contents. Antioxidant activity was assessed by the DPPH method. The results showed that moisture was high in Buttermilk (92.15±0.13 g/100g), ash and proteins in Manpasand (5.71±0.03, 25.36±0.04 g/100g respectively), carbohydrates in Mardani Paida (79.69±0.14 g/100g), and fats in Butter (81.71±0.04 g/100g). Khoa showed the highest amount of calcium and iron (612.00±0.01, 2.756±...
Maham Tariq, Aqsa Akhtar and Nauman Khalid*
...tract having the highest flavonoids and antioxidant capacity was selected to blend with carrot juice for hard candy formulation. Five different concentrations of fennel extract and carrot juice were added for the formulation of hard candy containing 30% (w/w) sugar, 30% (w/w) corn syrup, 0-40% (w/w) fennel seed extract, and 0 to 40% (w/w) carrot juice. The results showed the highest content of flavonoids in 40% (w/w) carrot ...
Fawziah M. Albarakaty*
...xtracts have аlkaloids, flavonoids, tаnnins, and sаponin chemicals. It is, therefore, possible to conclude that plum (Prunus domestica L.) peel extracts have great antibacterial action opposed to examined bacteria. Still, their аntifungal action opposed to Cаndida аlbicans has not been identified. Further research is needed, both environmentally and scientifically, as reuse of fruit peels cаn bе usеd аs a fodder аdditive in the аnimal rаtion.
...
Ayesha Saeed1*, Farzana Kishwar2, Ahsan Nazir3, Sharjeel Abid4, Muhammad Abiodullah5, and Danial Ali6
...terpenoids, polyphenols, flavonoids, and alkaloids. Keeping in view and get benefit from their fruitful properties the aim of the study was to develop antibacterial dry sheet nanofiber mask loaded with leaf extracts of MA and HRS as antibacterial agents in SA/PVA nanofibers through electrospinning method, which was just wet before its application. Leaf extracts were used at three concentration levels (0.5, 1, and 1.5 %). Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) imag...
Widiastuti Ardiansyah1,3, Osfar Sjofjan2*, Eko Widodo2, Suyadi Suyadi2, Danung Nur Adli2
... bioactive compounds and flavonoids, while a total of 280 Mojosari ducks aged 20–28 weeks were used in the second step. The study comprised a descriptive analysis and a completely randomized design with six treatments and four replications with eight Mojosari laying ducks in each experimental unit. An extraction and maceration were employed during the early screening of the bioactive compound of turmeric. The treatments consisted of T0 = basal diet, T1 =...
Fahrauk Faramayuda*, Soraya Riyanti and Sitty Mahanadhiandinie
...n showed the presence of flavonoids, polyphenols, and monoterpene-sesquiterpenes. Ethyl acetate extract of white tea leaves has very strong antioxidant activity....
Rezqita Putri Pitaloka1, Kartiawati Alipin1, Mas Rizky A.A Syamsunarno2, Gemilang Lara Utama3, Ramdan Panigoro2, Ratu Safitri1*
...ds, such as brazilin and flavonoid with the ability to chelate Fe. This study aims to determine the effect of sappan wood ethanol extract (SWEE) as an adjuvant and substitute for iron chelator. The adjuvant test group was given 60 mg/kg BW iron dextran (ID), 75 mg/kg BW deferiprone (DFP), and 50 to 200 mg/kg BW SWEE, while the substitute group was administered with 60 mg/kg BW ID and DFP:SWEE with a gradient ratio. The ID was given orally for the first 14 days...
Hafiz Husnain Nawaz1*, Ayesha Ahsan2, Amir Afzal1, Muhammad Ashraf Sumrah1, Muhammad Jan1, Kashif Ali1, Muhammad Arsalan1 and Rizwan Latif3
... carotenoids, phenolics, flavonoids, and other scavenging components, make them more potent. Thus, the 50µg/ml concentration plant extract solution has the lowest radical scavenging percentage, whereas the 1000µg/ml concentration plant extract solution has the highest DPPH percentage 80%. The results of the test reveal that the extract concentration had an influence on the assay’s absorbance, or, to put it another way, an increase in extract ...
Saima Rubab1,3*, Ghazala H Rizwani2, Arjumand Iqbal Durrani3, Iram Liaqat4*, Urooj Zafar5, Mahjabeen6, Farah Batool7, Noor-E- Seher3, Naveera Younas3 and Ayesha Sadiqa8
... polyphenolic compounds, flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides and carbohydrates in all plant parts with varied strength. Phytochemical analysis showed comparatively high percentage yield of ethanolic extract of all plant parts, hence was employed for evaluating the antimicrobial potential against 11 Gram positive bacteria, 9 Gram negative bacteria, 2 yeasts, 2 dermatophytes and 7 saprophytes. The petroleum ether seed extract and methanolic leaf extract was evalua...
Nadia A Eltablawy1, Ibrahim El Tantawy El Sayed2, Hamed Mohamed Abdel Barry2, Marwa A. Ibrahim3*, Maha Nageib Ahmed Serag ElDein2
...lic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), DPPH. radical scavenging, FRAP and FRAC were determined in the TME extract. Forty-eight adult male Wistar rats were divided equally into six groups: control non-treated, Doxorubicin (DOX) challenge (rats were injected with 2.5 mg/kg of DOX in six injections over 2 weeks), TME was solely administered for four weeks, two weeks pre and two weeks co-administration of TME (100 mg/kg) with DOX as well as TME (100 mg/...
A.A. Tanimola† and B. Fawole1
...
tannins, saponins, flavonoids, cardenolides, phenols, alkaloids and anthraquinones. However, total phenol (14.3
mg/g), tannins (14.5 mg/g) and saponins (59.8 mg/g) were highest in AKY than in other aloes. Flavonoid content
(3.7 mg/g) was highest in AAR while alkaloid content was highest in AST. The infrared analyses revealed that the
Aloe species had similar functional groups; amines...
O. A. Fabiyi
...revealed the presence of flavonoids, steroids,
terpenoids, reducing sugars, phenols, alkaloids, glycosides and carbohydrates. Nematicidal activity of D. oliveri
leaves is being reported for the first time. The crude extracts and chromatographic fractions are potent at very low
concentrations compared with standard carbofuran. Therefore, the leaves of D. oliveri could be employed as a
viable source of natural nema...
TAHIR MEHMOOD*, ANUM AFZAL, ABDUL KARIM, MUHAMMAD ASHRAF SHAHEEN &
HINA ARSHAD
...mpounds using TFC (total flavonoid content), DPPH scavenging activity, reducing power assay and ABTS (radical scavenging activity) of different solvent extracts, from Citrus limon (unripe and ripened) peels. In unripe peels the total flavonoid contents, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging activity and reducing power ranged from 18.23-57.56 mg/g CE (catechin equivalent), 21.69-65.82%, 38.96-84.83% and 0....
SYED ZULFIQAR ALI ABIDI, HAFIZ ABDULLAH SHAKIR, SYED SHAHID ALI, & JAVED IQBAL QAZI*
...rate, cardiac glycoside, flavonoid, phenol, phlobatannine, free amino acids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, quinine, oxalic acid and steroids). Twenty one plants showed the presence of phytochemicals. The use of piscicidal property of these plants may improve the production of aquaculture by getting rid of unwanted fish species.
Key Words: Alcoholic extract, Aqueous extract, Phytochemicals, Metabolites, Plants
...
Sahar Ezeldien1,2, Foromo Dramou2, Fatma M. Yousseff3*, Alexander A. Nikishov2, Sergy B Seleznev2
...mint. The total phenols, flavonoids, , and antioxidant potential of chamomile extract were all assayed. The results showed that the chamomile aqueous extract is rich in phenolic(108.92 μg/ml) and flavonoid (66.41 μmol/ml ) compounds. Additionally, chamomile extract is a potent antioxidant(1.77 ng/ml). Laying quails supplemented with chamomile aqueous extract showed increased body weight and egg mass, as well as a lower...
Hamdi Mayulu1*, Endang Sawitri2
...ethod was used to assess flavonoid content. In addition, antioxidant capacity was determined with Radical Scavenging Activity 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and expressed with IC50 value. The data obtained were analyzed using the single factor Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with the IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The results showed that the concentrations of flavonoids, tannins, and total phenolics w...
Amina Rahat1, Zahin Anjum1*, Sehlina Zehra2, Fatima Umal Baneen3 and Rabia Chishti1
...the compounds coumarins, flavonoids, phenolics, alkaloids, terpenoids, tannins, essential oils, lectin, polypeptides, and polyacetylenes are present in medicinal plants. These bioactive chemicals serve as a foundation for the creation of antibiotics that are utilized to cure infectious illnesses. Allium sativum is being used traditionally since ages for many purposes. It is extensively used in numerous dishes throughout the world and due to its aromatic nature...
Altaf Ur Rahman1, Muhammad Ajmal Khan2*, Ali Hazrat3, Awais Farid4, Muhammad Yahya3* and Inam Ullah5
...kaloids content (3.60%), flavonoids (3.40%) and terpenoids 2.30%. The methanolic extract of C. jacquemontii depicted promising antibacterial potential towards various tested bacterial strain in order of P. aeruginosa > E. coli > S. typhi > MRSA comparable to vancomycin. The highest percent mean growth inhibition (MGI) was observed against P. aeruginosa of 90.5±4.3 compared to vancomycin (61.26±6.31). The Zone of Inhibition (ZOI) noted ag...
Abdur Rauf1*, Farooq Jan1, Muhammad Qayash2, Zia-ul-Islam3, Rizwanullah1, Ikramullah Khan1, Muhammad Shuaib4, Muhammad Khalid5 and Samrin Gul6
... of alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, and phenols in the ethanolic crude extract....
Mohammad Bani Ismail
...ntain SPN, a C-glycoside flavonoid used in traditional medicine. A growing body of evidence indicates they have pharmacological potential against a wide range of diseases. Spinosin (SPN), however, has not been examined in relation to doxorubicin (Dox) induced cardiac injuries. To find out if SPN can reverse Dox-induced cardiomyopathies, we conducted this study. Results showed that Dox treatment led to bigger cardiomyocytes, more inflammatory markers, and more ...
Chen Zhao, Lulu Ding, Ying Ye, Congying Kou, Haoran Xiao, Jing Zhu and Jicang Wang*
...genin (Nar) is a natural flavonoid that protects many tissues of the body from the toxic effects of heavy metals. Studies have explored the adverse effects of Cd on rats and other animals, but the mechanism of Cd-induced autophagy in the kidney and the antagonistic effect of Nar on Cd are still unclear. In this study, SD rats were treated with Cd and/or Nar to investigate the protective effect of Nar on Cd-induced toxicity. The rats were treated for 4 weeks. T...
A.M. Abdul Azeem1, A.N. El shahat1* and Mohamed H.M. Abd el Megid2
...s an important series of flavonoids such as naringin and its aglycone naringenin that play significant roles against various physiological threats. Synthesis of nano-selenium particles (SeNPs) using a natural source as a reducing agents might have more advantages as an alternative to physical and chemical methods because it is inexpensive and considered environmentally friendly. Therefore, the objective of this study was to synthesize selenium nanoparticles fr...
A.M. Abdul Azeem1, A.N. El shahat1* and Mohamed H.M. Abd el Megid2
...s an important series of flavonoids such as naringin and its aglycone naringenin that play significant roles against various physiological threats. Synthesis of nano-selenium particles (SeNPs) using a natural source as a reducing agents might have more advantages as an alternative to physical and chemical methods because it is inexpensive and considered environmentally friendly. Therefore, the objective of this study was to synthesize selenium nanoparticles fr...
Mustafa M. Khalaf*, Rana A. Salih
...potent antioxidant among flavonoid chemicals is quercetin, the aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of quercetin against cyclophosphamide. An explanation of quercetin’s hepatoprotective effects against cyclophosphamide-induced hepatotoxicity. Twenty-eight male Westar rats (that weighed 200–250 g) were chosen at random and divided into four equal groups for this investigation. During the initial periods of acute exposure, the anim...
ZAMARA MASOOD1, FAROOQ SALEEM1, SARFRAZ AHMAD2, TALHA JAMSHAID3, IMRAN WAHEED4,
MUHAMMAD AZEEM1, UMAR FAROOQ GOHAR5 & HAFIZ MUHAMMAD ARSALAN6, 7*
...ac glycosides, saponins, flavonoids, cumarins, steroids,
proteins, and amino acids, fixed fats and oils in all fractions. Floral
extracts were found to contain highest total phenolic contents (64 to 73
mg GAE/g), whereas leaves n-hexane fraction exhibited maximum DPPH
potential (70 %). All the extracts showed promising antimicrobial activity
in terms of zone of inhibition against selected bacterial st...
SHEHLA AKBAR*, SAIQA ISHTIAQ*, KHALID HUSSAIN, ANS MUNIR & SAIRA REHMAN
...olics (28.40%) and total flavonoids
(5.67%) were found in given plant samples. were found in the samples.
Haemolytic and DNA protection studies of Misopates orontium were also
performed. Solar protection factor was calculated of all fractions by
adopting the standard procedure. By using concentration 200μg/ml and
400μg/ml methanolic fraction showed 4.57 and 4.86, hexane 1.54 and
5.0,...
Orooba Mohammed Saeed Ibrahim1*, Rawaa Saladdin Jumaa2, Nibras Zeyad Yahya1
...loids, phenol, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, and glycosides. The test organism was more sensitive to C. limonum compared to C. aurantium. The MICs ranged from 1.56 to 12.5mg/ml; MBCs, (3.125 - 25mg/ml) and MBC/MIC ratios (2.0-4.0). Furthermore, a time killing curve of each 4x MICs and 8x MICs concentrations of juice extract showed a distinguished bactericidal effect at 6th hr. Therefore, the use of citrus fruit juice as medicine to treat infections is support...
Qasim Ali1, Mudssar Ali1*, Muhammad Awais Ahmad1, Asif Sajjad2 and Shafqat Saeed1
...uch as C, B-complex, and flavonoids, which play a crucial role in maintaining a balanced human diet. The process of pollination, a vital ecosystem service, substantially contributes to enhancing the nutritional quality and yield of cross-pollinated fruits and vegetables. To evaluate the impact of bees and syrphid flies on enhancing the physical and biochemical characteristics of litchi fruit, an experimental investigation was conducted in a Litchi orchard situ...
Aamir Ali, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir*, Azizullah, Shaukat Ali, Muhammad Farooq Bhatti, Muhammad Summer and Ali Haidar Gormani
...ive substances including flavonoids, phenols and alkaloids. Mulberry leaves extracts have also shown significant pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer, anti-diabetic and antidepressant activities. Further studies should explore the mulberry leaves potentials as these plants have got the attention of both the pharmacological and commercial industries.
Fatemeh Beheshti1, Maliheh Safavi2, Mohammad Reza Akbari Eidgahi1,3, Parviz Kokhaei4, Mehdi Vazirian5 and Ali Akbar Shabani1,3*
...00 g dry leaves weight), flavonoid (19.9 ± 3.98 mg catechin equivalent /100 g dry leaves weight), and steroids content (6.85 ± 0.07 mg steroids equivalent /100 g dry leaves weight) compared to chloroform extract. In addition, GC-MS research showed that the extracts of I. purpurea leaves contain a wide diversity of chemicals. Findings from this research revealed that I. purpurea leaves contain chemicals with excellent antioxidant and biological ca...
Sara H. Zughayyar*, Amer H. Gyad
...drates, phenols, resins, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, coumarins, terpenes, and glycosides, while steroids and proteins were absent. The extract displayed antidiarrheal activity comparable to loperamide, showing a significant reduction in intestinal content volume and weight (P≤0.05). In conclusion, the ethanolic extract of Prosopis farcta L. fruits demonstrated promising antidiarrheal activity, potentially due to the phytochemical constituents identifie...
Sidra Hafeez1, Tayyaba Sanaullah2, Hafsa Naeem3, Mah Noor Hassan4, Muttalib5, Farhana Kausar6, Muhammad Salman Hameed7*, Muhammad Anayat Ullah8, Abdul Samad9, Memoona Bashir10 and Sadaf Shabbir11
...rotenoids, alkaloids and flavonoids and necessary for food security against disease causing agents like bacteria, fungi etc. Black rot is a serious disease in pumpkin caused by fungus (Didymella bryoniae) and damaged fruit with the symptoms of dark brown lesions but causal organism identification through DNA is still unknown. We collected infected leaf from C. pepp from the vicinity of The University of Agriculture, Faisalabad and isolated D. bryoniae on the r...
Oghenebrorhie M. Oghenochuko1,4*, Olubukola T. Adenubi3, Olusola L. Ajayi3, Fakilahyel M. Mshelbwala3, Johnny O. Olukunle3, Samson A. Rahman3 and Godfrey N.O. Ezeri2
...l), magnesium (210mg/l), flavonoids (0.46%), saponins (0.28%), tannins (0.95%). PCV, Hb, RBC and WBC were increased in all treatments but values were higher in bath treatment for RBC (3.0×1012/L), PCV (32.7%), Hb (10.7%). MCV, MCH and MCHC showed similar trend. Similar trends as in RBC and WBC were observed in total proteins. Liver and kidney functionality as expressed by ALT, AST, ALP, creatinine and BUN exhibited no damaging effect on organs. Degenerat...
Ahmed M. Manthoor, Ali H. Saliem*
...e presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, carbohydrates, tannins, free amino acid and protein. While the gram staining, cultural characteristics, biochemical tests, Vitek 2 system and PCR tests referred to that bacteria was E. Coli. Bacteria was susceptible to the alcoholic extract of P. oleracea and gave an inhibitory zone 14-30 mm, while 15- 37 mm for ciprofloxacin. The MIC was 32 mg/ml for the extract and 25 µg/ml for the antibiotic. The MBC was ...
Tabinda Nowsheen1, Sayed Wadood Ali Shah2, Ali Hazrat1*, Muhammad Yahya1, Gul Rahim1, Muhammad Mukhtiar4 and Muhammad Ajmal Khan3
...dicates the existence of flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, tannins, phenolics steroids and carbohydrates but deficient of proteins. In minimum inhibitory concentration assay, the crude methanolic extracts showed significant inhibition against all tested bacterial strains at25, 50 and 100 µg/ml. The methanolic crude extract of A. maritime various parts showed MIC of 37.5µg/ml for S. aureus which is gram-positive bacteria followed by 75µg/ml fo...
Muhammad Akram1, Anirban Mandal2*, Mehwish Iqbal3, Arindam Mukherjee4, Ritika Bandyopadhyay5, Surendar Rangasamy6, Rida Zainab1, Muhammad Talha Khalil1, Pragnesh Parmar7 and Umme Laila1
..., for instance, rutin, a flavonoid glycoside generally found in a range of botanicals, is efficient against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), and influenza A virus. Ascorbic acid, beta carotene and lots of phenolics play active parts in decreasing inflammation, postponing aging, and averting certain kinds of carcinomas. There are some phenolic compounds such as tannins, flavonoids, vit...
ASIFA BASHIR1, AAMIR MUSHTAQ2* & TOOBA MEHBOOB3
...ins, phenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, amino acids and proteins in crude extract with phenolic and flavonoid contents observed as 9.9 mg/g equivalent of gallic acid and 100 mg/g equivalent of rutin, respectively. Free radical scavenging activity by plant extract was observed as 68±0.33 % as compared to rutin (58±1.15 %) at concentration 2.56 mg/ml. Similarly, in vivo studies indicated that P...
UMER YOUNAS, SHAHID IQBAL* & JAMSHED AKBAR
...f total phenolics, total flavonoids and ascorbic acid contents. In addition, radicals (DPPH• & ABTS•+) scavenging potentials were also determined. Results revealed that drying methods have no significant influence on recovery of antioxidants from sample matrix. However, methanolic extracts exhibited highest antioxidant potential that confirmed superiority of methanol as extraction media over the other solvents used. In addition, microwave-assiste...
MUHAMMAD NADEEM1, MUHAMMAD WASEEM MUMTAZ1&MUHAMMAD DANISH1
...52 mgGAE/g DE) and total flavonoid content (155.91±1.75 mgRE/g DE) in 60% hydro-ethanolic V. negundo leaf extract. Furthermore, total antioxidant power (254.35±1.56 mg AAE/g DE) and antidiabetic effectbased on α-amylase inhibitory assay (IC50=42.91±1.24 μg/mL) was also depicted to be highest in the same extract. Based on current findings, 60% ethanolic extract of V. negundo leaves was revealed to be most potent for its antioxidant...
Olaolu Fadeyi1,2, Oluwatoyin Fabiyi3*, Tesleem Bello4 and Gabriel Olatunji5
...s phenol, triterpenoids, flavonoids and other bio-active compounds. The array of fatty acid esters revealed in the GCMS result of the fractions especially fraction 52-71/Z2 is responsible for the exhibited toxicity to M. incognita with observed reduction in nematode population in roots and soil of the Okro plants. This resulted in increased fruit weight and the number of fruits per plant....
Saadatin Nurul Jannah1, Edhy Sudjarwo1, Osfar Sjofjan2*
...f food substances, total flavonoid active compounds, and antioxidant activity as a substitute for synthetic antibiotic feed additives given to broiler chickens. This study was conducted using a laboratory experiment using garlic peel powder as a material, an active substance content test using a quantitative flavonoid test, and antioxidant activity. Additionally, onion peels are used as a feed additive for broiler chickens t...
Shah Zeb Khan1, Ali Hazrat1*, Farman Ali Khan2, Muhammad Yahya1, Gul Rahim1, Muhammad Mukhtiar3, Muhammad Ajmal Khan4 and Hayat Ullah1
...veral natural compounds (flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, glycosides, and saponins) in the bark of V. negundo (L.) roots and stem, as well as their potential antioxidant and antibacterial properties. The crude was obtained in 95 % methanolic which was further fractionated into n-hexane (HR, HS), Chloroform (CR, CS), ethyl acetate (EtR, EtS) and butanol (BR, BS) soluble fractions by solvent-solvent extraction. In phytochemical tests of roots fractions; HR sho...
Mona Adel El-Wakeel1 and Ibrahim Mohamed El-Metwally1
...c
compounds, flavonoids and essential oils in orange peels may be responsible for this
inhibitory effect.
...
Eman Ali Hussein1*, Majdy Faisal Majeed2
...lla foenum-graecum (TFG) flavonoid extract could protect the kidneys from the effects of (SZ). The goal of the current study was to determine if the ethanolic extract of (TFG) exhibited antioxidant activity against nephropathy resulting from the effects of diabetes due to (SZ). Animals in groups 2, 3, 4, and 5 were employed as experimental groups, whereas rats in group 1 received orally gavages of tap water and served as negative controls. Group 2 developed di...
Kingsley O. Omeje1, Juliet N. Ozioko2, Amaechi L. Ogara2, Benjamin O. Ezema2* and Dilibe C. Urama3
...ny diseases. Glycosides, flavonoids, saponnins, alkaloids and tannins were detected in the extract with flavonoids (3.62 mg/QEq), glycosides (0.194 mg/100g), tannins (8.508mg/TAEq) and alkaloids (6.43%) were quantified. There was no sign of mortality or toxicity after the acute and chronic toxicity tests after 24 hr. Some hematological indices (red blood, white blood cells, packed cell volume, lymphocytes, neutrophil, mean c...
Sanam Zarif Satti1, Tanvir Ahmad Quereshi2, Mehwish Zarif3 and Iftikhar Ahmad4
...ng total phenolics total flavonoids and antioxidant activity was observed. Highest value of total phenolic content was observed for B.aristata (80.25 mg GAE g-1) while lowest values was recorded for C. oblique (10.25 mg GAE g-1), highest value of flavonoid content was recorded as (38.5 mg QE g-1) and comparatively highest value of antioxidant activity was recorded for B. aris...
Kremlin Mark B. Ampode
...LM, rich in phenolic and flavonoid compounds, has the potential to be a safe and effective alternative to antibiotic growth promoters in broiler chickens, warranting further investigation into the mechanisms underlying its beneficial effects.
Keywords | Origanum vulgare, Antimicrobial alternatives, Phenolic compounds, Flavonoid compounds, Gut health, Mortality
...
Zara Naeem1, Khajista Jabeen1*, Muhammad Khalid Saeed2, Sumera Iqbal1
...s, alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, and tannins while the plant was devoid of terpenoids, phlobatannins, and glycosides. Hence it can be concluded that the methanolic leaf extract of the tested plant effectively inhibited the growth of test mycotoxigenic fungi....
Suherman Suherman1*, Muhammad Fahri Rizky1, Zaki Bahrul Fikri1, Hadiyanto Hadiyanto1, Zane Vincevica-Gaile2, Anwar Saeed Khan3, Erkata Yandri4,5 and Iswahyudi Iswahyudi6
...elatively high minerals, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and essential oils. Agricultural products are still dried using conventional methods. Although, traditional drying is relatively simple, it has disadvantages such as relatively long drying time, relatively low drying quality, significant damage, and the sun’s ultraviolet rays can also damage the chemical components of dried materials. Therefore, a new drying process technology, Photovoltaic Ventilat...
Saima Maher1*, Salma javed2*, Gul mina1, Rizwana Salam1, Farah Mukhttar1, Noureen Khan3 and Fakhra Batool3
...g alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, tannins and phenolic compounds. These compounds were found to contribute to the observed anti-nematicidal activity of the plant extracts. The study concluded that the plant extracts possess significant potential as nematicidal agents based on their phytochemical composition and demonstrated activity against nematodes. The effectiveness of medicinal plant extracts against M. incognita, the research also emphasizes the need f...
Mehak Muhammad Ashfaq1*, Aqsa Naeem Chawla1, Muhammad Umaid Ali1 and Adnan Ahmed Bhutto2
...dy, eating foods high in flavonoids is linked to a lower risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and other neurological conditions, including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and others. Nevertheless, due to research constraints and confounding variables such as study design, population size, and usage of various chocolate product types, dosages, and contents, additional large-scale human experiments are required to validate and advocate the chocola...
Estrelle Anne Tacbas1, Neil Pep Dave Sumaya2 and Nanette Hope Sumaya1,3*
...e presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, and tannins in both plant crude extracts. Different developmental stages of C. elegans (i.e., 1st to 4th larval stages (L1-L4), young adult (YA) and adult nematodes) were used for in vitro anthelmintic assay, mortality, development of life stages, and reproduction of the nematode. Both plant extracts caused high mortality in the L4 stage for their LC50 and LC90 values. Notably, the crude extracts of both...
Bingzhao Yan1, Guiping Chen2, Lulu Ding1, Ruxue Huang1, Wenjing Yu1 and Jicang Wang1*
... belongs to the class of flavonoids and is thought to have health benefits and protect many tissues from heavy metals. This experiment aimed to explore the effect of Que on Cd-induced PERK-CHOP apoptosis pathway in rat testis. A total of 24 8-week-old Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into four groups: control group, CdCl2 group, CdCl2+Que group, and Que group. The control group was gavaged daily with distilled water and 0.9% sodium chloride solution, and...
Yusuf Subagyo*, Merryafinola Ifani, Hermawan Setyo Widodo
...steroids, triterpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, carbohydrates, and tannins. Few toxic compounds, such as tannins in C. calothyrsus, were not at harmful levels. The ethyl acetate fraction has higher toxicity 13.34±5.78; 50.00±10.00; 100.00±0.00% and hexane as lowest 6.67±5.78; 20.00±0.00; 60.00±10.00%. Fraction from 50% Ethanol extraction has the lowest LC50 (560.63ppm). Replacement of concentrate using dried C. calothyr...
MohamadRahijan AbdulWahab*andAhmadAimanSalahudin
...nts, phenolic acids, and flavonoidsthat are capable of promoting health and wound healing. However, few studies have beenconducted on factors determining stingless bee honey consumption. This study aims to ascertain customer satisfaction, attitude, and purchase intent with reference to Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, and stingless bee honey consumption. The study’s other goals include figuring out how attitude and customer satisfaction are related, as well as...
Nur Anis Hashim1, Nor Hasima Mahmod1*, Abubakar Abdullahi Lema2, Lee-Hoon Ho3 and Mohammad Moneruzzaman Khandaker1
... content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC). Next, the samples were subjected to qualitative phytochemical screenings. DPPH scavenging activity was the highest in an FC sample extracted by methanol with 81.697 mg/mL. The highest TPC was measured in an OD sample extracted by ethanol (172.04 ±0.43) and the most TFC was found in FC ethanol extract (22.9±0.03). Among the fresh calyx and three drying methods investigated, FC in ethanol produces t...
Salim Saifullah1* and Achyut Adhikari2
...s advantages. Nepetin, a flavonoid found in Artemisia plants, has been shown to possess various biological effects including anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-apoptotic properties. In this study, nepetin as yellowish powder was isolated from A. vulgaris extract through column chromatography. Structure of the compound was elucidated through various spectroscopic techniques such as Mass and NMR (1D and 2D)....
Adham Omar Mohamad Sallam1*, Ashraf Abd El-Hakem Ahmed El-Komy1, Enas Abdulrahman Hasan Farag2, Samar Saber Ibrahim3
...ts and anti-inflammatory flavonoids, mitigates the hepato-renal toxicity induced by Meloxicam. Fifty albino rats were divided into five groups: A control, vehicle control, Meloxicam-treated, GSE-treated, and a combination treatment group. The study evaluated biochemical parameters, oxidative stress markers, and histological changes in liver and kidney tissues. This study addresses a significant gap in understanding how GSE can counteract NSAID toxicity, with p...
Syarifah Nurul Waqiah1, Ratmawati Malaka2*, Ambo Ako2, Sadam Suliman Mohamed Yousof3, Hanif Uzwa Hasanah Sudirman4
...not exist), tannins (%), flavonoids (ppm), and pH on herbal sprays. The results revealed that the measurement of wound area in dairy cattle after herbal sprays at P0=0.66 cm, P1=2.22 cm, P2=0.06 cm, and P3=0.00 cm; wound drying time was faster at P0=11 days, P1=9 days, P2=8 days, and P3=5 days; and significantly faster wound healing time at P0=14 days, P1=12 days, P2=11 days, and P3=10 days. The compounds of the herbal spray, saponins at P0 = Not exist, P1 = E...
Herna Febrianty Sianipar1,2,3, Wahyu Widoretno1, Luchman Hakim1, Rezi Rahmi Amolia4, Fatchiyah Fatchiyah1,2,5*
...phytochemical, and total flavonoid content. Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and the Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Potential (FRAP) method were employed to determine antioxidant activity. Proximate content and amino acid content tests showed that Castanopsis argantea had significantly higher levels (P<0.05) of carbohydrates (84.09%), fat (3.07%), energy from fat (27.69 Kcal/100 g), total energy (386.34 Kcal/100g), and...
