Muhammad Irshad1, Abdur Rab1, Javed Rahman2, Muhammad Sajid1, Ilyas Khan2, Sajad Ali1, Muhammad Razaq1, Sallahuddin1
...al percentage, number of roots plant-1 and plant height were significantly affected by planting dates and soil media. Maximum survival percentage (29.16%), number of root plant-1 (13.31), and plant height (40.42 cm) was recorded for the cuttings planted on 20th Feb. On the other hand minimum days to 50% sprout- ing (28.49) were recorded for cuttings planted on 2nd March. Significant effect of planting media was observed for most of vegetative stages including ...
Muhammad Shah Zaman1, Ghulam Muhammad Ali2, Aish Muhammad1, Khalid Farooq2, Iqbal Hussain1*
...t-1 (0.166 g), number of roots (4.6) and root length (2.5 cm) at 60 mM NaCl followed by Sh-5. Desiree and Cardinal were moderately tolerant varieties to NaCl stress. The most sensitive variety Asterix produced minimum plant height (2.7 cm), number of nodes (2.4), number of roots (2.6), root length (0.7 cm), root weight (0.021 g) and shoot weight (0.045 g) at 20 mM NaCl. The most salt sensitive potato varieties evaluated in ...
Sadiq Hussain, Muhammad Sharif, Sarmad Khan, Fazli Wahid, Hina Nihar, Wiqar Ahmad, Imran Khan, Nadeem Haider and Tabassum Yaseen
... and 36 g pot-1, maximum roots dry weight of 5.6 and 5.41g pot-1, hundred grains weight of 4.64 g and 4.6 g were observed for the mycorrhiza inoculation with half and full dose of vermicompost treatments, respectively. Highest straw yield of 21.5 g and 21.2 g pot-1, maximum plant N uptake of 0.71 g and 0.68 g pot-1 were obtained by mycorrhiza inoculated with half and full doses of vermicompost treatments. Plants P uptake of 0.09 g and 0.08 g pot-1 were found i...
Manzoor Hussain*, Miloslav Zouhar and Pavel Ryšánek
...ing the experiments. The roots were stained with Phloxine B, the egg-masses were quantified, the root systems were rated for galling, and the egg masses were measured on a 0 to 5 scale, where 0 = no gall or egg masses, 1 = 1-2, 2 = 3-10, 3 = 11-30, 4 = 31-100, and 5 = >100 galls or egg masses per root system. The nematode reproduction rate (Pf/Pi, where Pf = final nematode population / initial nematode population) decreased proportionately with the increase...
Glomus mosseae (Gerd and Trappe) and Neemex Reduce Invasion and Development of Meloidogyne incognita
Atta ur Rehman Khan1,2*, Nazir Javed2, Shahbaz Talib Sahi2, Tariq Mukhtar1, Sajid Aleem Khan2 and Waqas Ashraf3
...> was tested in eggplant roots in greenhouse pot trials. Neemex (5 g, 10 g and 15 g) and G. mosseae (100 g, 150 g and 200 g) were applied as protective treatment. The roots of eggplant were inoculated with 1000 second stage juveniles of M. incognita. Eggplants inoculated with nematodes only served as control. Each treatment was replicated tenfold. Data were recorded after one week interval up to five weeks to r...
Abdul Wajid Khalil and Zafar Iqbal
... of the aerial parts and roots of B. procumbens. The result of carbohydrate (75.56±0.046%) of aerial parts was found higher as compared to the roots (31.22±0.05%) while protein (37.46±0.02%) and organic matter (21.25±0.03%) was recorded higher in roots than the aerial parts of B. procumbens. Calcium (309.73±0.06mg/100g), potassium (274.59±0.08mg/10...
B. Ramanujam, R. D. Prasad, S. Sriram and R. Rangeswaran
Mass production, formulation, quality control and delivery of Trichoderma for plant disease management
...e treated by dipping the roots in Trichoderma suspensions before planting. Granular or pellets preparations and Trichoderma enriched FYM have been used for soil application directly and have provided effective control of diseases both nurseries and field conditions. To ensure that the products of Trichoderma do not affect the environment, human beings and other living organisms adversely and to prevent the sale of poor quality products to the farmers, the Cent...
Adnan Yousaf1,Jia Wu1, Qaiser Shakeel2, Yasir Iftikhar3, Muhammad Irfan Ullah4, Uzma Tahira5,Mustansar Mubeen1 and Wubei Dong1,*
... as well. At harvesting, roots of C-302 contained significantly fewer galls (30) and egg-masses (51) compared to the other fourteen cultivars. Seven cultivars including C-33, Gola Peshawari, 11-2010, 18-2010, 15-2010, 27-2010 and C-68 had 10 root galling and egg-masses indices (from a scale of 0-10). Hence, present study shows that none of the available chili cultivars are resistant to attack from M. incognita and S. rolfsii. The moderate toleran...
Muhammad Arslan Khan1,*, Sajid Aleem Khan1, Imran-ul-haq1 and Rashad Waseem Khan2
...ntly isolated (78%) from roots as well as in soil samples (81.7%) collected from infected fields. Among nematodes, Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White) chitwood showed the maximum frequency percentage (72.3%). Results confirmed the presence of fungi and nematodes interacting each other to enhance the disease. Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thom) and Trichoderma harzianum (Rifai) (alone and in combination) were used as bio-control agents again...
Mohammad Umar Farooq1*, Sarfaraz Ahmad2, Ghulam Nabi1, Ijaz Ali1 and Imtiaz Ahmad1
...sed due to their shallow roots habit and also least portion of phytomass was left behind on the soil surface. Therefore, maximum carbon was leached down into soil. Similarly in un-grazed site, as their above portion of grass was not so grazed, but the carbon was leached into soil due to their shallow roots all the carbon leached down into soil. The carbon sequestration in underground and the aerial phytomass depends upo...
Nargis Bano and Khalid Mahmood Qureshi*
...d root length, number of roots and water use efficiency. SA treatment therefore decreased adverse effect of stress on strawberry plants. Thus the result suggests that SA at a concentration of 3mML-1 concentration could be used commercially to improve yield of strawberry.
...
Riaz Alam* and Muhammad Sajid
...tage (38.89%), number of roots (4.31), root length (4.61 cm) and root weight (1.77g) with more number of re-sprouts (3.18) and shoot length (5.28 cm). The time intervals of air layering also significantly influenced the rooting and growth attributes of olive cultivars. Mid August, proved to be the most favorable time for air-layering in terms of rooting percentage (42.40%), number of root (4.37), root length (4.35 cm), weight (1.68 g), number of re-sprout (3.6...
Sumaira Zareen1, Syeda Sadaf Zahra2, Ayeza Mehmood3, Muhammad Asadullah4* and Aish Muhammad5
... with 4.69 mean value of roots per shoot at an average root length of 3.86 cm. After acclimatization and transplantation, 90% of the In- vitro derived plants were found healthy in ex vivo conditions.
... 
Muhammad Asim, Muhammad Asif, Muhammad Munir* and Muhammad Aslam**
...ted plants. The stem and roots of Williams-82 plants had a percent distribution of ABA that was higher than NODI-3. The phloem sap of Williams-82 had higher accumulation of 3H-ABA at all stages after treatment. The basal levels of ABA in phloem sap were lower in NODI- 3 than in Williams-82. Inoculation further accentuated this difference. The major changes in ABA level in phloem sap and leaves occurred between 48 to 96 h after inoculation....
Ahmed Aziz Kurd, Amanullah, Saifullah Khan, Basharat Hussain Shah and Munir Ahmed Khetran*
...aximum average number of roots per cutting (4.443) and average root length (5.687 cm) were recorded with 4000 ppm IBA treatment. Percentage of rooted cuttings decreased with increased IBA concentration, whereas, number of roots and root length increased with increased IBA concentration. It was concluded that to obtain the most roots per cutting and the longest root length, application of 4...
Mazher Abbas*, Tahir Mehmood**, Arshed Bashir*, Muneeb Zafar*** and Aneela Afzal****
ECONOMICS OF LALLEMANTIA ROYLEANA (TUKHAM-EBALANGOO) PRODUCTION IN THE LOW INTENSITY CROPPING ZONE OF THE PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
...different from its Greek roots The study was conducted to assess the economics of medicinal crops in the low intensity cropping zone of Punjab. Therefore 80 respondents were taken from Karror Laal Eson and Layyah tehsil of Layyah in Punjab. Percent area allocated to Lallemantia royleana crop was comparatively higher at small farms as compared to medium and large farms. The study showed higher yield of L. royleana at large farms as compared to medium and small ...
Muhammad Mudasar Aslam ⃰, Muhammad Jamil**, Ijaz Malook**, Amana Khatoon*, Ali Rehman*, Abdur Rahim***, Pirzada Khan*, Shakir Ullah Khan Shakir*, Shahid Irfan*, Faizan Ullah****, Khair Ul Bashar**, Mahideen Afridi** and Shafiq Ur Rehman*
PHYTOTOXIC EFFECTS OF CALOTROPIS PROCERA, TAMARIX APHYLLA AND PEGANUM HARMALA ON PLANT GROWTH OF WHEAT AND MUSTARD
Feroza Haider1,2, Shamim Gul2,3*, Javaid Hussain4, Sadaf Asalam Ghori5, Muhammad Naeem Shahwani6, Muhammad Murad6 and Abdul Manan Kakar7
...inc in the edible parts (roots) of Brassica rapa (turnip) under groundwater and wastewater irrigation. Biochars were applied at 0.25, 0.5 and 1 kg m-2 to soil. Amendment of biochar increased significantly the aboveground plant biomass by 28% - 34.3% under groundwater and 18.3% - 30.4% under wastewater irrigation. Dry weight of root biomass increased by 16.1% - 20.2% under groundwater and by 21% - 31.2% under wastewater irrigation in response to biochar amendme...
Zakirullah Jan1, Shamsher Ali1*, Tariq Sultan2, Muhammad Jamal Khan1, Zahir Shah1 and Farmanullah Khan1
...ters and rice shoots and roots tissue analysis for various nutrients uptake/concentration. The data revealed that all strains of cyanobacteria had significantly (p < 0.05) improved the nutrients up-take/concentration and agronomic traits of rice crop as compared to control. Among the strains, the Gloeobacter strain (MMF-4) surpassed by augmenting all agronomic parameters of rice crop like plant height (85 cm), plant fresh weight (45 g), dry weight (24.5 g) ...
Matiyar Rahaman Khan1,*, Sabayasachi Pal2, Amit Singh2, Ashok Dhananjaybhai Patel3, Bhagubhai Ambaram Patel3, Tushar Manohar Ghule2 and Victor Phani1
...ogyne indica) on the roots of citrus and Bt-cotton was found in Gujarat of India. The detection of M. indica and its diagnostic symptoms on some hosts (citrus and Bt-cotton) was recorded and the nematode species was authentically identified as Meloidogyne indica Whitehead, 1968 which was first time described on citrus from Delhi, India. The species is further characterized based on detailed morphological, morphometric descriptions and beta-es...
Qudsia Yousafi1,*, Muhammad Afzal2, Muhammad Aslam3 and Allah Ditta Abid4
...l the plant parts except roots. The effect of removal of BSFB infested brinjal shoots and use of light trap was studied for management of this insect pest. The study was conducted on spring sown crop during 2013 in Sahiwal, Pakitan using brinjal variety, Nirala. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with four treatments each repeated three times. The treatments were T1= removal of infested shoots, T2= Use of light trap, T3= T1+T2 and ...
Bushra Qadir1, Muhammad Asim2 and Mohammad Akmal1*
... five samplings to study roots and shoot growth. Averaged across varieties and extracts, results revealed that plant length (roots with shoot) was significantly (p<0.05) changed with a minimum at the thermal unit (TU) 677 to a maximum at TU 3257. Averaged across TU and extracts, the variety Cuf-101 showed the maximum plant length, root length and shoot length. Averaged across TU and varieties, seeds treated with extracts ...
Shamsher Ali1*, Muhammad Jamal Khan2, Zahir Shah2, Naveedullah3 and Abdul Jalal1
...er of leaves, shoots and roots weight. The results revealed that all data parameters except number of leaves were affected significantly (p < 0.05) by different levels of salinity. Irrespective of maize varieties, the percent emergence, plant height, number of leaves, shoots and roots weight of Maize were reduced with linear increasing levels of salinity. Among the genotypes, maximum 1st, 2nd percent emergence (50% and 96...
Ali Awais, Charassri Nualsri and Watcharin Soonsuwon*
...otypic variations in the roots, seeds, panicles and leaf morphology. Phenotypic observations determined that the Dawk Kha 50 has more potential of variability than Dawk Pa-yawm towards EMS. Later selection in the advance generations might be useful to isolate agronomically useful mutants for the future use in upland rice breeding programme. ...
Sabi-Ur-Rehman1, Anwar Khalid2, Qazi Najam Us Saqib3, Farooq Ahmad1, Shaheed-Ur-Rehman4, Neelam Zaman3, Ayeza Mehmood5 and Abdul Samad6*
...isolated from leaves and roots of Sarcococca saligna, using disc diffusion method. The tested bacterial strains include, B. subtilis, E. coli, S. aureus, P. fluorescens and fungal strains were Aspergillus. niger, A. flavus, and D. turcica. The maximum zones of inhibition, 23.00±0.56 mm and 25.00±0.50 mm was given by ethyl acetate fraction of leaves against P. fluorescens and A. niger respectively. The crude saponins isolated from leaves did not g...
Adile Tatliyer1,*, Sinan Bas1 and Serdar Yagci2
...ch is the characteristic roots of a square matrix with p×p were higher than 1 were elected by applying the Varimax rotation in explanatory factor analysis. In the first period of average 11 days after birth, 2 factor scores (FS) were used as new latent predictors in order to predict live body weight in multiple linear regression model. The 2FS at the first period, 3 FS at the second period, 4 FS at the third period accounted for 80, 45...
Shamsudin Bojang1, Idris Abd Ghani2, Jugah Kadir1, Adamu Saidu Paiko1, Yasir Iftikhar3 and Muhammad Kamran3,4,*
... A total of 36 soils and roots sample were collected. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to identify the parasitic nematode. Both the field symptoms and SEM micrographs confirmed that the nematode isolate was M. graminis. Since this nematode has been known to damage the greens and other plants in other part of the world then the probability for the specie to adapt to other hosts other than the family of poaceae under Malaysian climate should no...
Lichao Feng1,2, Shaoqing Zhang4, Dianyuan Chen2, Sina Adl3 and Donghui Wu1,4*
...he larvae were reared on roots of the same grasses and germinated maize seedlings. Additionally, potato tuber the common food used to grew the beetles that was selected as a reference to demonstrate that blooming wildflowers through their pollen and nectar can control the A. fuscicollis population and distribution around the field. The greatest number of eggs were deposited by mated couples when the pollen, or nectar mixture was offered compared to the ...
Kamran Aziz1*, Aamir Saleem1 and Arshad Mahmood Malik2
...the plants parts such as roots, shoots, leaves and other parts. The present study was conducted to estimate the decomposition rate, litter fall production and elemental composition of Cedrus deodara and Pinus wallichiana in the study area Dungagali, Taohidabad, Kuzagali and Khanspur situated around the Ayubia National Park. The research was carried from September, 2016 to August, 2017. Litter bag technique was used to estimate the decomposition rate, elemental...
Zubaria Malik, Zahir Shah* and Muhammad Tariq
...dment on AMF in soil and roots of wheat and maize crops in a rotation experiment involving cereals {wheat (Triticum aestivum), maize (Zea mays L.)} and legumes {chickpea (Cicer arientinum), mungbean (Vigna radiata)} in a calcareous alkaline soil of Peshawar valley during 2015/16 and 2016/17. This study was conducted in an already established experiment which was in a randomized complete block design with split plot settings. Keeping cropping systems in main pl...
Muhammad Saeed1,2,*, Tariq Mukhtar1 and Malik Abdul Rehman3
...rly, females per gram of roots also followed the same pattern. The number of nematodes in the soil and females in the roots were the higher during the months of April to June and August-September showing two peaks throughout the year. The regression analysis between temperature and number of nematodes in the soil and females in the roots showed highly significant results at both the orchar...
Hala Rajab1, Muhammad Sayyar Khan1*, Safdar Hussain Shah1 and Syed Mehar Ali Shah2
...es for calli, shoots and roots induction in a variety of genotypes. While false positive lines were obtained in the result of floral-dip method, the tissue culture based method led to successful regeneration of shoots on Murashige and Skoog (MS) media containing BAP 3 mgL-1 and developed roots in ½ MS media supplemented with IBA 3 mgL-1 in case of OSCAR cultivar. Successful selection of transgenic lines was achieved ...
Noorullah Khan1*, Farrukh Siyar Hamid1, Fayaz Ahmad1, Sabaz Ali Khan2, Imtiaz Ahmed1, Muhammad Abbas Khan1, Shamsul Islam1, Abdul Waheed1, Basharat Hussain Shah1 and Hussain Shah3
...first-order adventitious roots (NFARP) plant-1 (9.5), seedling survival rate (SSR) (51.7), and plant height (85.5 cm) were recorded in plants treated with 3000 ppm IBA. Contrarily the longest roots of 50.7 cm were observed with IBA concentration of 5000 ppm. Correlation analysis revealed that SSR % and growth of kiwi seedlings are strongly associated with NFARP as we found strong correlation (P<0.001) among NFARP, SSR% an...
Stanley Uchenna Onwudike* and Vivian Chizoba Edoziem
...horus forms within these roots zones, appropriate agronomic management practices such as crop rotation, mixed cropping and shifting cultivation is recommended for sustainable phosphorus management in the studied soil. ...
Muhammad Rasheed*, Tayyaba Naseer, Asma Hassan, Fayaz ul Hassan, Rifat Hayat, Ghulam Jilani, Samman Gul Vaseer and Muhammad Bilal Ali
...y forming nodules on the roots of legume plants. To ensure an optimum rhizobial population in the rhizosphere is necessary that improves the nodulation, N2 fixation and growth of legume crops. The experiment was conducted to access the effect of isolated bacteria from nodules on growth and nodulation of the lentil cultivars. Different cultivars were used in this experiment; Markaz 2009, Masoor 2009 and NIA 2005 treatments were used viz BS0 (control), (Pseudomo...
Pushpa1, Nighat Seema Soomro1, Shahla Karim Baloch2, Mehmooda Buriro1, Aijaz Ahmed Soomro1, Muhammad Tahir Khan3, Qamar Uddin Jogi1*, Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro1 and Farheen Deeba Soomro1
...st shoots (14.46 cm) and roots (3.20 cm) were seen in variety TJ83 at the highest concentration of Avena fatua powder (75g kg-1 soil). The minimum shoot fresh weight (0.13 g), root fresh weight (0.10 g), shoot dry weight (0.04 g), and root dry weight (0.03 g) were also noticed in variety TJ83 under the highest treatment of Avena fatua powder (75g kg-1 soil). Similarly, minimum seed vigor index (496.9) was also seen in same variety under the maximum treatment o...
Ahmad Naeem Shahzad1, Muhammad Kamran Qureshi2, Samee Ullah1, Muhammad Latif3, Shakeel Ahmad1 and Syed Asad Hussain Bukhari1*
...entrations in leaves and roots of plants. Different morphological traits of plants including number of leaves, leaf fresh weight, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, plant height, leaf dry weight and root dry weight were severely hampered by salt stress. The absence of necrosis in cotton leaves under salt treatments indicated that growth was primarily restricted by the osmotic component of salt stress. Activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase...
Muhammad Rafay1,*, Ghafoor Ahmad1, Tahira Ruby2, Muhammad Abdullah3, Fahad Rasheed4, Muhammad Abid1, Sohail Akhtar5, Zulfiqar Ahmad6 and Riaz Hussain7
...re made of dry grass and roots by a group of individuals of jungle babbler on Albizzia species having an average clutch size of 4 eggs. Average peripheral and core diameter, depth of nest was 13, 9 and 7 cm, respectively. Breeding completed in 36 days including incubation, nestling, post nestling and fledgling stages of 13, 5, 4, and 14 days, respectively. Overall predation during these stages was 57%. Adults consumed grains, insects, termites and flies...
Akbar Hayat*, Muhammad Nawaz Khan, Ehsan Ul Haque, Ahmed Raza, Faheem Khadeeja
Muhammad Usman Saleem, Nadeem Iqbal, Shawaiz Iqbal*, Usama Bin Khalid, Adila Iram, Muhammad Akhter, Tahir Latif and Tahir Hussain Awan
...fines the penetration of roots and growth of a subsequent wheat crop after the harvesting of rice crop. DSR technology helps by eliminating the need for continuous ponding of water and thus lessens water use for rice production, resulting in saving of 15-20% of water over TPR. DSR is also a less labor-intensive and more farmers-friendly, time-saving and cost-effective technology than TPR. The Rice Research Institute, Kala Shah Kaku, has refined the DSR technol...
Bala Gambo Jahun1,2*, Muhammad Yamin2,3, Desa Bin Ahmad2, Muhammad Razif Mahdi2, Shamsuddin Suleiman4 and Salihu Ahmad Abdulkadir5
...d may damage the shallow roots of oil palms. This study investigates the influence of blade lifting angles, tractor’s forward speed and tractor’s PTO speed in predicting mulching depth. Four blades with lifting angles of 0°, 60°, 120°, and 150°; 02 tractor’s PTO speeds of 540 and 1000 RPM and 03 tractor’s forward speeds of 1, 3, and 5 km/h were assessed for determining the effect on mulching depth in oil palm plantation....
Biomass Allometric Equations of Naturally Growing Cedrus deodara in Dry Temperate Forests Ecosystems
Abdul Raqeeb1,3, Syed Moazzam Nizami2,4*, Aamir Saleem3, Lubna Ansari3, Saeed Gulzar3, Basit Ali3, Masooma Saleem5
... including excavation of roots was carried for overall 60 trees. The results revealed generic equations for above ground biomass and volume. However, statistical analysis pointed out several significant differences in biomass allocation among C. deodara tree due to stand characteristics, highlighting the role and importance of microenvironment in regional and national forest inventories. The study provides a comprehensive tool for estimating volume and biomass...
U. A. Al-Karim, A. A. Alshimaysawe, A. E. Mohammed† , W. A. R. Aljaafri and F. A. Al-Fadhal
Evaluation of biological seed treatments for management of Rotylenchulus reniformis on cotton
...ggs isolated from cotton roots compared with the non-treated control. Abamectin also inhibited the number of vermiform life-stages found in the soil as compared to the nontreated control. Biological seed treatments produced no negative effects on plant growth. The use of different biological control agents as seed treatments can manage plant-parasitic nematodes and limit the crop damage....
M. M. A Youssef and W. M. A. El-Nagdi †
Effect of some temperature changes on the population density of some plant parasitic nematode species
...d olive in both soil and roots was investigated. These nematodes were negatively correlated with the prevailing average soil temperature during four seasons (autumn= 20°C; spring= 22°C; summer= 27°C and winter= 14°C)....
Shaukat Ali*, Shah Khusro*, Laiq Hasan**, Asif Ali Khan**
A SURVEY OF MOBILE PHONES CONTEXT-AWARENESS USING SENSING COMPUTING RESEARCH
...a new bottle, having its roots extended from context-aware mobile computing. Mobile phones sensing capabilities can be exploited for developing context-aware applications to answer a number of real-world problems belonging to different sectors including automatic road condition detection and traffic monitoring, social networking, environmental pollution monitoring, and healthcare monitoring etc. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of...
Ghulam Murtaza1, Ghulam Sarwar1*, Muhammad Ashraf Malik2, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Ayesha Zafar1 and Sher Muhammad3
...ation in the vicinity of roots which results in reduced yield along with soil deterioration. Organic matter application can prove helpful in keeping the salt level low in root rhizosphere. To check the efficacy of organic matter in mitigating the harmful impacts of salty water irrigation on soil characteristics, this trail was conducted. The irrigation water of 3 different types (canal water and saline water of electrical conductivity values 2 and 3 dS m-1) we...
Zhi Yijin, Shao Mingqin* and Li Quanjiang
...where it ate vegetation (roots) or seeds. Shorebirds have narrow habitat niches, and are limited largely to shallow water areas. Of species pairs, the pied avocet Recurvirostra avosetta and Eurasian spoonbill Platalea leucorodia have the highest habitat niche overlap, as their diet and foraging pattern are similar; these two species reduce competition by foraging in different areas. Three small-sized shorebirds are recorded in each water depth ca...
Tabassum Yaseen1*, Shehzad Ahmad1, Khushnood Ur Rehman2, Fayaz Asad1, Abdul Waheed1, Rani Gul3, Hussain Gulab4 and Naveed Akhtar2
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Spore Density and Root Colonization in Weeds of Carrot field at Charsadda, Pakistan
...ions with plants through roots. It forms the multi colonization systems with the roots and provide benefits to the host plants. The present study was conducted to evaluate the occurrence and distributions of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the rhizospheric soil of major weeds of District Charsadda. In the present study roots and rhizospheric soil of 15 weeds species belonging to 12 familie...
Zafar Ahmad Handoo1*, Mihail Radu Kantor1 and Ekramullah Khan2
Description of Seven New Species and One New Record of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes (Nematoda: Tylenchida) Associated with Economically Important Crops of Kashmir Valley, Jammu and Kashmir (Part-1 of the series)
...p. nov. from soil around roots of Glycine max L. Miller, from Kashmir University Campus, Hazratbal, Srinagar, Kashmir; H. fotedariensis sp. nov. from soil around roots of Brassica oleraceae var. botrytis L. from Zadibal, Srinagar, Kashmir; H. harwaniensis sp. nov. from soil around roots of Lycopersicum esculentum Miller, in Harwan, Srinagar, Kashmir; H. mushtaqi sp. nov. from soil around <...
Safiullah1, Azmat Ali Awan2, Mohammad Ilyas3, Fahim Ullah Khan3, Arshad Iqbal3*, Muhammad Adil3 and Asad Ullah1
Effects of Different Concentrations of Naphthalene Acetic Acid on Rooting of Various Olive Varieties
... sprout (34.89), maximum roots cutting-1 (5.78), root length (5.36 cm), shoot length (16.66 cm), shoot diameter (0.30cm), number of leaves shoot-1 (15.78), number of branches cutting-1 (4.89) and plant survival percentage (50.36%) were noted in cuttings treated with 3000 ppm of NAA solution. Regarding interaction both varieties and NAA concentrations showed significant results for all variables except days to root appearance, length of shoot (cm), shoot diamet...
Malik Abdul Rehman1*, Hafiz Muhammad Ehsan2, Tehseen Ashraf2, Zulfiqar Ali Gurmani3, Sajjad Khan3 and Mujahid Ali2
Effect of Growing Media on Plant Growth of Rough Lemon (Citrus jambhiri Lush.) and Poncirus (Citrus trifoliata)
...rough lemon and poncirus rootstocks. Five plants per treatment were growing in black polythene bags filled with the required media using a Completely Randomized Design with three replications. Data of stem length stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, and survival percentage was recorded. Chemical analysis of leaf was done by taking samples from treatments were analyzed for determination of N, P, K. Results indicated that stem length, stem diameter, numbe...
Majid Shahi Bajestani1, Esmat Mahdikhani Moghadam2*, Reza Aghnoum3 and Hamid Rohani2
Study of Plant Parasitic Nematodes and Description of New Record (Rotylenchus alius) Associated with Barley (Hordium vulgare L.) in Khorasan Razavi Province, Northeast Iran
... (SEM) assay on infected roots by Meloidogyne arenaria showed that this species has been able to create gall in barley root and disrupt on cellular metabolism....
Kartika Noerwijati1*, Sholihin Sholihin1, Tinuk Sri Wahyuni1, Rohmad Budiono2, Nguyen Van Minh3, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi4, Zane Vincēviča-Gaile5 and Lulu Husna6
...plants that only produce roots. However, there were F1 plants which had higher tuber yields than the average yield of the check varieties. The harvest index in F1 population ranged from 0.25 to 0.96 with an average of 0.75. The analysis cluster based on fresh tuber yield and harvest index of the F1 families formed five clusters. The characteristics of these cluster were fresh tuber yield ranged from 4.84 kg to 7.4 kg with avera...
Muhammad Ihtisham1, Noor Amjad2, Muhammad Nauman3, Asghar Ali3, Khawar Riaz3, Muhammad Sajid3, Muhammad Owais Shahid*3
...ight (1.55 g), length of roots (20.99 cm) and winter survival of plants (93.03%). It was concluded from the results that scarification durations of 90 and 135 min and sowing on 4th-14th April were the most effective in improving the germination, growth attributes and winter survival of Sophora....
Javaria Sherani1,2*, Muhammad Saleem Jilani1, Tanveer Ahmad2, Sohail Kamaran3, Abdul Manan2, Tehseen Ali Jilani2 and Mateen Sajid2
...ion between grafting and rootstock is often neglected. To explore cross-interaction between grafting and rootstock on different fruit yield and quality traits, we examined the scion-root interaction of four scion cultivars viz. Delhi White, Suffen, Karela and Mahmud Wali during March-April 2013-14. After the establishment of plant, data were recorded for yield and fruit quality traits during three consecutive years (2016-19)...
Zafar Ahmad Handoo1*, Mihail Radu Kantor1 and Ekramullah Khan2
.... nov., from soil around roots of Pyrus communis L. from Sonamarg, Parasicagutter chitwoodi gen. n. sp. nov., from soil around roots of Pyrus malus L. in Pattan, Kochinema pahalgamiensis sp. nov., from soil around roots of Brassica oleraceae from Pahalgam, Kochinema kanganiensis sp. nov., from soil around roots of Lycopersicum esculentum Miller, in Kanga...
Jabeen Farheen1,2*, Simeen Mansoor1 and Maria Abid1
...gn where the grown onion roots were exposed to 0%, 0.001%, 0.01%, 0.1%, and 1% concentration of FCA for 120 hours for macroscopic and 36 h for microscopic evaluation. The onion root tips morpho-physiology was severely affected as the concentration of FCAs increased. The macroscopic analysis manifested that allura red had 95% broken-ended extremely thin and transparent root tips at 1% concentration. In the microscopic analysis, FCAs induced eight different kind...
Fayaz Ahmad, Noorullah Khan, Farrukh Siyar Hamid, Abdul Waheed, M. Abbas Khan, Imtiaz Ahmad, Shamsul Islam, Basharat Hussain Shah, Sohail Aslam and Qamar uz Zaman
... (RD), number of lateral roots per plant (NLRP), dry shoot weight (DRW) and dry root weight (DRW). The highest plant height (78.66 cm) was produced by clone BP2-2, followed by Clones BP1-4, BP1-3, BP3-1 and BP2-5 with plant height of 70.46, 67.60, 67.20 and 66.36 cm respectively. Clone BP2-2 also produced highest number of leaves per plant (34.66), stem diameter (6.53 mm), root length (35.10 cm), root diameter (6.55 mm), number of lateral
Muhammad Fiyyaz1, Ghulam Sarwar1*, Noor-Us-Sabah1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Muhammad Aftab2, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Sher Muhammad3, Muhammad Latif4, Ayesha Zafar1, Imran Shehzad1, Sarfraz Hussain5, Aneela Riaz6 and Abid Niaz2
...(2.88%) concentration in roots of maize plants....
Muhammad Rafique1, Inam Ul Haq1*, Humara Umar2, Muhammad Jan2 and Muhammad Azhar Iqbal2
....33%), average number of roots (8.36), average root length (9.40 cm) and survival rate of olive cuttings (39.00%). While poor rooting was observed under T1 (5 seconds) with respect to rooting ratio (19.66%), average number of roots (1.96), average root length (3.66 cm) and survival percentage of cuttings (15.66%). Resultantly, local nurserymen can produce more number of true to type olive plants for sustainability of olive s...
Tahseen Ullah* and Noorul Amin
...ves weight and number of roots have non-significantly affected by IBA concentration and types of stem cutting. The results had shown that sprouting percentage was highest (99.33 %) in hard wood cutting while minimum sprouting (20 %) in soft wood cutting treated with IBA 6000 ppm while highest survival rate of 85.23% in soft wood cutting, highest sprout weight of 14.37 g, highest shoot length (30.8 cm) and maximum number of branches (6) was found in hard wood c...
Asmaa A.M. Abd El-Ghani *; Ahmed B.M.; Abdel-Raouf A. ; Nagwa S. Ata* and H.A. Hussein
... persica(L.)
roots was investigated on bovine herpes-1 (BHV-1) infection in vitro. An ethanolic
extract of Salvadora persica was used in two concentrations. MDBK cells grown on
Minimum Essential Medium (MEM) were used for virus propagation and titration. The
effects of two concentrations of Salvadora persica on viral growth in MDBK cells as
well as cytolytic activity of BHV-1 were evaluated at differe...
El-Dougdoug K.A.1, Sofy A.R.2, Rehab A. Dawoud3 and Korkar H.M.4
... lowest shoot length and roots
number were recorded with 40 and 50gm sucrose conc.especially at 15°C for 12
months will higher shoot length were recorded with 60 and 70% sucrose at 15°C.
All survival shoot tips at 1st subculture recultured on fresh modified MS media
revealed viability and resumed growth within three weeks. These plantlets were
tested against BBTV by DAS-ELISA. The highest plan...
Maryam Yousaf1, Salman Ahmad1*, Romana Anjum2 and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed3
..., it progressed into the roots and stem, started blocking of the xylem and phloem by producing tylones and deposition of phenolic compounds that supported the FOL to further multiply until the seedlings started wilting and became dead. Moreover, a gradual decrease in shoot height and root length was also observed in the diseased plant as compared to healthy plants....
Muhammad Rafique1, Muhammad Azhar Iqbal2, Inam Ul Haq1*, Muhammad Ramzan Anser2, Humara Umar2 and Muhammad Ashraf Sumrah2
...ot initiation, number of roots, root length, days to shifting, rooted cutting percentage and callus percentage were collected under four different treatments. Cutting under the only green net (5944 lux), white net (11428 lux) only upper side white net (8484 lux) and both green and white net (5538). The results were found significant regarding the interaction between varieties and treatments; however, non-significant variation in varieties was found regarding t...
Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Potential of the Roots of Berberis brevissima Jafri. (Berberidaceae)
Zain Ullah1*, Anwar Ali Shad1 and Saqib Ali2
...Fr. C) obtained from the roots of Berberis brevissima Jafri. resulted in three compounds. Their structures were elucidated as β-Sitosterol-3-O-β-á´…-glucopyranoside (1), Berberine (2), and Pakistanine (3) using spectroscopic analysis, including mass, 1D, and 2D NMR data techniques. The antibacterial assays of the obtained six oil sub-fractions (H-1 to H-6) were accomplished against S. epidermis, E. coli, and S. aureus bacterial strains and the result...
Ayu Suci Wulandari1, Siwi Indarti1,2*, Muhannad Illayan Massadeh3 and Nguyen Van Minh4
...onesia. Samples of soil, roots and tubers were collected. Soil abiotic factors are taken measurements such as pH, temperature, and organic matter. The altitudes are measured using the Geograpichal Positioning System (GPS). The results showed that there were five parasitic nematodes genera in garlic, that are Ditylenchus sp., Helicotylenchus sp., Hoplolaimus sp., Rotylenchulus sp., and Pratylenchus sp. Abiotic factors as tempe...
Asma Hanif* and Shahnaz Dawar
...he nematode infection on roots plant....
Mahmoud M.A.Youssef and Wafaa M. A. El-Nagdi
...Meloidogyne incognita on roots of several plants were reduced gradually by increasing gamma irradiation doses. When tomato plants infected by root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita were exposed to combined elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration (+100 ppm) and higher temperature (+2oC), tomato shoot dry weight and nematode control were increased compared to prevailing conditions....
Riaz Alam1*, Muhammad Sajid2 and Durri Shahwar3
....47%), maximum number of roots (6.38) per layering, root length (7.03 cm), root weight (2.62 g) and more number of re-sprouts (5.57), followed by number of days to root appearance (38.80), rooting percentage (65.73%), number of roots (5.69) and root length (6.14 cm) produced by the saplings of cultivar Frontoio. The layering treated with 2000 ppm IBA solution took less days to root appearance (35.13), accomplished 72.00% roo...
Mohamed S. Khalil
...mation of M. javanica in roots of eggplants. Milbemectin (Milbeknock 1% EC) was applied at 0.1% (1 ml/l) and 0.5% (5 ml/l) in compared with the non-fumigant nematicide fenamiphos (40% EC). Results revealed that all tested doses of milbemectin suppressed galls (ranged from 50.59 to 75.50%, of both experiment) and egg masses (ranged from 66.67 to 87.01%, of both experiment) significantly, while fenamiphos recorded moderate reductions. Also, the measured plant in...
Mazhar Ullah and Mohammad Sayyar Khan*
Rasool Bux Kalhoro1, Ghulam Mustafa Laghari2*, Ghulam Hyder Jamro2 and Muhammad Ibrahim Keerio2
...nd their number in plant roots. In the case of crop growth rate (gm-2 day-1) and net assimilation rate (gm-2 day-1), both were significantly higher 0.719-0.707 and 17.46 to 17.12 gm-2 day-1 at 45 cm row spacing in combination with different seed rates. The results for biochemical characteristics of soybean plant exhibited maximum nitrogen 0.485%, phosphorus 0.506%andpotassium 0.502%in stem, potassium 1.405%in leaves, potassium 1.753%in pods, protein content 41...
Uzma Ishaq1, Shahnaz Dawar2, Nasira Kazi1, Erum Iqbal1* and Saboohi Raza3
...ted from soil around the roots of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) from Umerkot, Sindh, Pakistan. The new species is characterized by having a combination of characters: body length of female 0.7-1.0 mm, vulva at 56-59 percent of body length, anterior part of buccal cavity 5-7 µm wide, pharynx 198-238 µm long, tail 30-33 µm long, post uterine sac 10-16 µm in length, apex of dorsal tooth 3-5 µm from anterior end. Morphometric and mor...
Shehzadi Saima1*, Faiza Ghaffar1, Ghulam Yasin1, Muhammad Nawaz2 and Khalid Masood Ahmad1
... dry and fresh weight of roots and shoots in all varieties considerably (P<0.05). Over all Nerali performed better and thus concluded as tolerant variety while Rama posa was proved to be a sensitive variety.
...
Syarif Husen1*, Devi Dwi Siskawardani2, Setiawan Deny Rexmardi1, Erny Ishartati1, Muhidin Muhidin1, Jumpen Onthong3 and Ivar Zekker4
...ems that supported plant roots growth and optimum capability to absorb nutrients.
...
Judith Kiptoo1*, Daniel Mutisya2, Paul Ndegwa1, Ruth Amata3, Lucy Irungu4 and Rotich Godfrey5
...losses by damaging plant roots and causing reduced absorption of soil nutrient elements. A two-year survey in 2018 and 2019 was conducted in most citrus growing regions in Kenya to assess the abundance, distribution and diversity of plant parasitic nematodes from different soil rhizosphere. Nematode population in 200cc of soil and 5g of roots were collected for PPNs extraction by using modified Baermann’s technique and...
Muhammad Anwar Ul Haq1*, Tariq Mukhtar1, Muhammad Inam-ul-Haq1 and Azeem Khalid2
...iles were recovered from roots and soils of resistant genotype (Janak) followed by moderately resistant genotype (Pala) while maximum juveniles were recovered from roots and soils of susceptible and highly susceptible genotypes. Likewise, variations were also observed in reproduction of the nematode on 21 genotypes. Minimum reproductive factor of M. incognita was observed on Janak followed by Pala and maximum was recorded on...
Samreen Khan*, Salma Javed and Nasira Kazi
... sample collected around roots of paper flower (Bougainvillea spectabilis L.), thoroughly described and illustrated from village Sarai Naurang located in southern district Lakki Marwat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The population was identified as new species and related with Group 2 of Aphelenchoides species, distinguished via length of female’s body 428-444 µm (0.42-0.44 mm), cephalic region rounded and offset. Lateral field found with three inc...
Akbar Hayat1*, Marayam Nasir2, Ehsan-Ul-Haque1, Muhammad Asim1, Sohaib Afzaal1, Shagufta Naz3, Muhammad Nawaz1, Abid Mahmood4, Faheem Khadija1, Fiaz Hussain1 and Tariq Mehmood5
...ds upon the selection of rootstock. Kinnow ‘Mandarin’ is a major citrus cultivar being cultivated in Pakistan. The current study aimed to investigate the nutritional status and growth and yield of Kinnow mandarin grafted on four overseas and two indigenous rootstocks in Pakistan. Experiments were conducted at experimental station of Citrus Research Institute, Sargodha from 2016 to 2020. Results revealed over all ...
Xiaowei Huang1, Jinji Wang1, Zhun Yu2, Minghua Duan1* and Zhe Lin1*
...e that isolated from the roots of Angelica sinensis. This study aims to investigate its protective effect on kidney injury and its influence on BMP-7/Smads/TGF-β1 signal pathway in irradiated rats. Total 60 Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: the normal (normal saline), model (normal saline), and low, medium, high dose of ASP groups (9.0, 18.0 and 36.0 mg/mL, 2.0 mL/kg·d, intragastric gavage once a day for 14 days). On the...
Nagina Zeb* and Noor ul Amin
...es (123), more number of roots (4.73), and plant survival percentage (61.78 %) as compared to the cuttings planted on August, 30 in both the years. Regarding cutting types, semi hard wood cuttings took minimum days to sprouting (16.91), more number of sprouts (4.30), sprout length (32.74 cm) number of leaves (113), number of roots (3.66) and higher plant survival percentage (40.81 %) in comparison to hard wood cuttings. Amon...
Inam Ul Haq1*, Humara Umar1, Farah Umar2, Naeem Akhtar3 and Muhammad Jan4
...% with average number of roots per cutting 4.4 and root length 4.3 cm was observed. This treatment also showed higher callusing 80.5%, sprouting 83.3% and survival rate 51.1% as compared to all other treatments. Among other treatments T5 (IBA+PB) and T4 (IBA+UP) are ranked second and third respectively in term of higher rooting ability. The minimum rooting was observed in T7 (UP+PB). The present study demonstrated the effect of combined treatment of IBA+UP+PB ...
Saima Rubab1,3*, Ghazala H Rizwani2, Arjumand Iqbal Durrani3, Iram Liaqat4*, Urooj Zafar5, Mahjabeen6, Farah Batool7, Noor-E- Seher3, Naveera Younas3 and Ayesha Sadiqa8
...troscopy (FTIR) of dried roots, stems, leaves and seeds provided a conclusive support to the above results. Anti-inflammatory effect was less significant (p < 0.05) in seed extract, while leaf extract displayed highly significant results both at low and high doses. Likewise, both seed and leaf showed significant analgesic effects. However, compared to seed extract which showed highly significant (p < 0.001) increase in concentration dependent manner, lea...
Nourhan M.M. Hassnin, Ali H.H. Ali and Hosny H. Kesba*
...katosa F1, and RG F1) as rootstocks, watermelon hybrids (Aswan F1 and Nems) as scions, and their accessions to Meloidogyne incognita was detected. Nematode penetration, development, and potential reproduction were estimated. The rootstocks (6001 F1, Ohbkatosa F1, and RG F1) were considered highly resistant and BS F1 resistant. Scions (Aswan F1, and Nems) were moderately susceptible. Grafted watermelon hybrids varied in their...
Huma Abbas1*, Nazir Javed1, Muhammad Kamran2, Sajid Aleem Khan1, Abdul Jabbar1, Akhtar Hameed1, Hira Abbas3, Azhar Iqbal2 and Ehetisham-ul-Haq2
...pment of M. incognita in roots. Different application methods regarding protective and curative were used to test the efficacy of Cartap, Virtako, Cure and Azadirachtin. Results revealed that Protective application of bio and synthetic chemicals was more effective at nematode suppression rather than being curative. Then the impact of bio and synthetic chemicals were tested in combination with NPK on nematode reproduction. Following treatments i.e. Virtako + NP...
M. M. A. Youssef† and W. M. A. El-Nagdi
...ematode, M. incognita in roots i.e., when number of plants in the same pot increased (1-4 plants/pot), a higher number of nematode juveniles in plant roots occurred. Thus, plant density, such as 4 plants if produced it promoted the number of the hatched juveniles, galls and egg-masses in roots as compared to the plant densities of 1, 2 and 3/pot. However, number of juveniles in soil decrea...
W. M. A. El-Nagdi1†, M. M. A.Youssef1, H. Abd-El-Khair1, M. M. M. Abd Elgawad1 and M. G. Dawood2
... of bacterial nodules on roots of cowpea was obtained by the combined treatment Pf + Bp, followed by the combined treatment Bs + Bp i.e. 88.9%. The combined treatments of Bs + Bp and Pf + Bp were responsible for increasing phenolic and soluble proteins, respectively. The effects of combined treatments of Pf+Bs and Pf +Bp were recorded for highest contents of photosynthetic pigments than the other treatments either as single or combined treatments....
R. Hadadfar1, E. Mahdikhani-Moghadam2†, S. Baghaee2 and M. S. Bajestani1
...t samples from pistachio roots rhizosphere (Depth 30-50 cm) were collected during years 2016-2017. Samples were transferred on ice to laboratory and nematodes were extracted by centrifugal methods. Psilenchus species were identified on morphological and morphometrical characters based on recent valid keys. Seven species from Psilenchus genus were identified viz., Psilenchus curcumerus, P. aestuarius, P. iranicus, P. hilarus, P. bilineatus, P. pratensis and P. ...
I. K. A. Ibrahim1, Z. A. Handoo 2†, A. M. Zid1 and M. R. Kantor2
...y and Williams), 3 peach rootstocks (Bitter almond, Baladi, and Nemaguard), and 6 ornamental palm trees (California Washington palm, Mexican Washington, Canary date palm, Queen palm, Common palmetto, and Date palm) were tested for resistance to Mi1 and Mj. The banana and peach rootstock Bitter almond were highly susceptible to Mil and Mj. Baladi peach rootstock was highly susceptible to Mj...
A.H. Choshali1, S. Rezaee2, S. Jamali3, H. Reza3, Zamanizadeh4 and F. Rejali5
...le and tolerant cucumber roots pre-colonized with Funneliformis mosseae against root knot-nematode Meloidogyne incognita were studied. Mycorrhizal plants which pre-colonized for 7 weeks inoculated with 1500 J2 per 1 kg soil. The quantitative activity of chitinase and ß 1, 3 glucanase enzymes was assessed on 2, 4, 6 and 8th days after M. incognita inoculation based on split- plot in time design. Also the results showed that AMF pre-inoculation caused a si...
L. Yue, S. Ahmed†, Q. Liu and H. Jian
...nematode galls on tomato roots followed by biocontrol agent S. rubrogriseus and Bacillus sp., as compared to the untreated control treatment after 60 DPI and 90 DPI....
M. Israr1, F. Shahina2† and K. Nasira2
...bed from soil around the roots of turnip (Brassica rapa L.) plants collected from Mianwali, Punjab, Pakistan. Aphelenchoides turnipi n. sp. belongs to the Group 2 of Aphelenchoides species sensu Shahina with one or sometimes two mucronate structures in female tail terminus and is characterized by small body size (0.29-0.38 mm); two lateral incisures in the lateral field; small stylet with minute basal swellings (stylet: 7-9 μm); vulva at 67-69 percent of bo...
Mutala’liah, S. Indarti † and N. S. Putra
...lds. Samples of soil and roots were collected and various parameters of soil
abiotic factors (pH, soil moisture, soil temperature, soil texture and organic matter) were obtained from each of the
three fields. Vertical distribution was assessed using two soil sample depths (30 cm and 50 cm). This research
showed that the highest population abundance of Pratylenchus sp. both from soil and roots<...
H. Ravindra1, N. Adivappar2, M. Sehgal3 D. M. Soumya4 and H. B. Narasimhamurthy4
...iv>galls or knots on the roots. Soil and root samples were collected for analysis of nematode infestation. Coriander
plants also exhibited poor growth showing stunting and chlorosis due to severe infestation. This is the first report of
root-knot nematode from Karnataka.
...
R. Singh1† and R. Z. Sayyed2
...
normal and galled roots of sponge gourd, Luffa cylindrica L., infected with root-knot nematode Meloidogyne
incognita. Histochemistry of the roots revealed an increase in protein, nucleic acids (RNA and DNA) and
amylodextrin (hydrolyzed starch) concentration in the infected regions as compared with normal healthy sections.
Protein localization found more pronounced at the sites of in...
M. M. A. Youssef† and W. M. A. El-Nagdi
... galls and egg-masses on roots of sugar beet increased gradually as
influenced by the time of gathering. Root-knot nematode started to lay egg-masses after the 18th day to the 24thday
till the end of experiment. On subsequent common dry bean, root-knot nematode significantly (p≤0.05) reduced on
that cultivar of dry bean as influenced by the tested treatments made to sugar beet i.e. cutting or ...
M. M. A. Youssef1†, Wafaa M. A. El-Nagdi1, and Mona G. Dawood2
...eaves and mashed storage roots of sugar beet @20 and 10g were tested
for controlling root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita on cowpea in screen house. On the basis of the average
percentages nematode reduction, mashed storage roots at the highest rate (20g) achieved 85.1% increase followed by
dry leaves at the same rate caused the reduction 81.6%. Average nematode reduction (79.5%) was ...
Fawzia, I. Moursy1, Amira, Sh.Soliman1, A. E.M. Khalil2,Samaa, M. Shawky2 and A. A. Taher2 †
...incognita in soil and on roots compared with check. Data
indicated percent increase of fresh weight of the whole plant which was greatly improved in all treatments.
...
S. Fatemy†1 and H. Ghasemi2
... J2 that had entered the roots as well as a delay of 1-2 weeks in the rate of development of juveniles in the resistant compared to the susceptible cvs. Overall, 44%, 23%, 10% and 4% of inoculated J2 were found in the roots of susceptible Marfona, and resistant Satina, Agria and Banba cultivars, respectively. The first J3 appeared in roots one week after J2 entered the
S. Ahmed†, Q. Liu and H. Jian
...atode infection of wheat roots when juveniles were used as inoculum after 10 days post inoculation. Noteworthy reduction in white female cyst development was observed on roots treated with Avermectin seed coating followed by isolates B. cereus XZ 24-2-1, B. cereus XZ-33-3, B. weihenstephansis MH-58-60-01 and B. thuringiensis MH 032-003 as compared to control treatment....
Uzma Ishaque1, Nasira Kazi1, Erum Iqbal1* and Shahnaz Dawar2
...tabacum n. sp., from the roots of Nicotiana tabacum L. in Manshera, KP, Discolaimus conicus Siddiqi, 2005 from the roots of Saccharum officinarum L. in Mirpurkhas, Sindh, Discolaimus laksi Khan and Laha, 1982 from soil around the roots of Gossypium hirsutum L. in Sargodha, Punjab, Discolaimus omanensis Siddiqi, 2005 from roots of Mangifera indica L., in ...
O.S. Osunlola† and B. Fawole1
...ogyne incognita infected roots of sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) were observed for histopathology
changes included cellular disorganization in the root cortex, endodermis and vascular cells. Female nematode
displaced root cells and occupied large cavities and the surrounding cells were compressed. The nematode induced
formation of an average of four giant cells each with 7 ± 0.5 nuclei around the head of nema...
A.A. Tanimola and B. Fawole1
...tract (WE) of leaves and roots of Aloe schweinfurthii
(ASF), Aloe succrotina (AST), Aloe vera (AVR), Aloe chinensis (ACS), Aloe arborescens (AAR), Aloe keayi
(AKY), Aloe macrocarpa (AMC) and Aloe schweinfurthii x Aloe vera (ASV) on egg-hatching and mortality of
second-stage juveniles (J2) of Meloidogyne incognita was investigated in vitro. Extracts were tested at
concentrations of 50,000 mg/kg and 25,000 mg/kg in...
N. Hajra, F. Shahina1, †, K. Firoza1 and R. Maria
...ulated with nematodes in roots of Luffa cylindrica
(L.) Roem was studied under greenhouse conditions. Six treatments were used; viz., C = Control, T1 = VAM only,
T2 = nematodes only, T3 = VAM and nematodes simultaneously, T4 = VAM fungi one week before nematodes and
T5 = VAM fungi one week after nematodes. Damage produced by nematodes was observed in T2 and T5, vascular
tissue obliterated by root-knot nematodes. ...
W.M.A. El-Nagdi, M.M.A. Youssef† and M.F.M. Eissa
...tify;">and egg-masses on roots and juveniles in soil but they were rated as less affected by root-knot nematode depending
their plant growth vigor. It is concluded that younger date palm seedlings seem to require root tissue maturation
before expressing full resistance against root-knot nematode.
...
D.A. Darban†, S.R. Gowen, B. Pembroke, F. Hussain1 and R.A. Memon2
W.M.A. El-Nagdi and M.M.A. Youssef†
...and hatched juveniles on roots. Consequently,
they lowered rates of nematode population ranged from 0 and 0.01, respectively. However, the higher nematode
populations were supported rest crops. It is concluded that use of poor or non host crops may be beneficial for
controlling root-knot nematode population densities in intensive cropping system.
...
A.W. Amin† and A.W. Mona*
...uitable and selected two rootstocks, wax melon, Benincasa hispida (grafted
onto Bh) and C. maxima x C. moshata Ercola hybrid 6001 (grafted onto Ercola 6001), marigold (Tagetes spp.) as
root antagonistic plant and Rugby as a nematicide (two formulation, Rugby 10G and Rugby 20L) for control of
Meloidogyne incognita cucumber root-knot were evaluated in nematode naturally infested soil under greenhouse
M.A. Haq†, K. Mahmood*, M. Shahid*, S.A. Khan and A. Tahir**
...w sweet clover and krund roots
found moderately infested with root-knot nematode galls and whitish pear-shaped mature females
were isolated from these root-galls. On these hosts, the most common and abundant species of rootknot
nematode M. incognita (Kofoid & White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949 was identified on the basis of
perineal patterns (Eisenback et al., 1981). These new host records of M. incognita have not b...
M.M.A. Youssef and A.M.S. Lashein†
... in soil
and roots and Helicotylenchus sp., were reduced in soil one month after application at the harvest according to the
tested concentrations as compared with control significantly (p≤0.05). GABA achieved at the highest and moderate
concentrations the highest dates yield (%) increases (25.4 and 17.8%) as compared to ASA (16.2% and 12.9%),
respectively. The lowest concentration from each material achieved ...
A.A. Anter, A.W. Amin†, A.H. Ashoub* and A.S. El-Nuby*
...vated in infected tomato roots than
healthy ones. Chemical activators showed enhancing in these antioxidant activities, indicating the SAR four
chemicals was occurred. In conclusion, CSA, NSA, BABA and SA have
...
W.M.A. El-Nagdi†, M.M.A. Youssef and M.G. Dawood*
...and hatched juveniles on roots of eggplant and number of juveniles in soil at harvest
stage compared to untreated plants significantly (p ≤ 0.05). Lower concentration of the tested materials caused
higher percentages reduction the mentioned nematode criteria. Vice versa, increase in length of shoots, dry and fresh
weights of shoots and roots occurred by higher concentration of each mate...
A. Khan†, S.S. Shaukat*, N. Khatoon**, J. Akhtar and A.G. Rizwana**
...samples of seedlings and rootstock of grapevine were selected from 6 vineyard from two districts of Balochistan,
Pakistan. Seven species of nematodes were found associated with the seedlings/rootstock including Aphelenchus avenae,
Helicotylenchus indicus, Hoplolaimus indicus, Meloidogyne javanica, M. incognita, Xiphinema americanum and X. index.
A matrix of similarity between six vineyard-...
Saima Mumtaz1,3*, M. Imran Kasana1, Riaz Alam1, Noorullah Khan1, Muhammad Noman1, Sanjeela Sabahat1 and Hussain Shah2
...27cm) and more number of roots (6.4±0.81) compared to all other cultivars. Moreover, considerable difference was observed for root ability among all litchi cultivars tested as “Gola” produced maximum, longer and heavier roots with less mortality rate compared to all other cultivars. ...
A.W. Amin, Abd-El Wanis, Mona, A. Rahman and Tomader
M. A. Haq, M. Shahid and K. Mahmood
...d. Moderate galls on the roots of Convolvulus arvensis were observed due to RKN infestation. Under the stereoscopic microscope mature whitish pear shaped females were...
B. Archana and R. Saxena
...ous extract of all plant roots exhibited nematicidal activity. LC50 values calculated as 1024 ppm for C. roseus, 1867 ppm for S. nigrum, 1968 ppm for A. spinosus, 3428 ppm for C. album and 962 ppm for O. sanctum. LC50 values showed that out of these extracts O. sanctum found to be the most effective. In vivo experiment was conducted to study the effect of root extract of O. sanctum on M. incognita infecting French bean. Different concentrations viz., 10000 ppm...
Mostafa Mohamed Attia Hammam, Moawad Mohamed Mohamed Mohamed* and Mahfouz Mohamed Mostafa Abd-Elgawad
...iza 843’ faba bean roots was apparent at harvest. Significant relations were established between the M. arenaria population levels at harvest and weights of faba bean pods. Consequently, the gain thresholds were calculated based on the combined costs of nematode sampling and control. Their calculated values demonstrated more costs in applying the chemical (oxamyl) than the biological (Nemaless, bacterial strains of Serratia marcescens) nematicide; that i...
Anwar ul Haq1, Maqsooda Parveen2, Shehzadi Saima3* and Khalid Masood Ahmad1*
...caused poor anchorage of roots that results in shipping losses of these pot plants. Optimum concentration of appropriate auxins is used to promote effective rooting. Completely randomized design (CRD) is adopted and it consisted of five treatments including control and different concentration of both auxins viz. 1-Naphthalene acetic acid (50 mg/L,100 mg/L) and Indole-3-acetic acid (100 mg/L, 200 mg/L) on tip cuttings of chrysanthemum. In this experiment, 15 po...
Isatay Tusupovich Jakupov, Gulzhan Tursunovna Yeszhanova, Gulnur Kurbanalievna Mamytbekova*
... extracting extract from roots, stems in the Soxlet extractor. The pharmacological and therapeutic efficacy of the ethanol extract of C. leucocladum has been studied. A toxicity test was carried out on white mice using 10%, 20%, 40% concentration of C. leucocladum, no death of mice was recorded within 30 days. When studying the irritating and allergic effects of C. leucocladum on rabbits, it was found that no irritating effect and allergic reaction was observe...
Atef M. El-Sagheer1*, Aline F. Barros2, El-Sayed M. Abd El-Aal3, Mohamed M. Gad4, Doaa S. Mahmoud4 and Amr M. El-Marzoky3
...he vascular cylinder. In roots infested with M. incognita only, the laceration of the feeding site in the inner cortical tissue and spread to the vascular cylinder were selected as the initial feeding site, as shown. Multinucleate cells, giant cells, and thickening of cell walls were also associated with this penetration. The cytoplasmic globules as phenolic and lignified structures were shown to be associated with the feeding sites of two species. In combinat...
Akbar Hayat1*, Muhammad Asim1*, Tehseen Ashraf2, Ehsan-Ul-Haque1, Rabia Zulifqar2, Maryam Nasir3, Ahmed Raza1, Fahim Khadija1, Sohaib Afzal1 and Shafqat Ali1
...emon (Citrus jambhiri L) rootstock. Potting media has vital role in the production of healthy and vigorous plants in the nursery. The trial was designed with seven treatment combinations of growing substrates that was five times repeated for each treatment in Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The rough lemon rootstock was tested for growth with all different types of media as T1 = Soil + silt + sand (2:1:1), T2 = Rice husk...
Afifatul H.A. Adilah1, Junun Sartohadi2* and Suci Handayani1
...becomes smaller. Coconut roots function to stabilize the physical properties of soil which can ensure continuous infiltration and percolation processes during rain events so that the amount of water stored in the soil increases. Those two trees may be planted along the natural drainage canal that is usually located at the edge of dry-land agricultural fields.
...
Tahir Rasool Qamar1, Sanaullah Iqbal1*, Muhammad Nasir1 and Habib-ur- Rehman2
...e the effects of chicory roots derived fructans, in raw form, against CRC in rats. After acclimatization period, forty male Wistar rats were randomly and equally divided into four groups. Chicory powder treatments were started to group G4 before administering carcinogenic injections. After one-month, groups G2-G4 received four subcutaneous injections of carcinogen 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride (DMH) at dose of 40 mg/kg body weight, twice a week for 2 w...
Salma Jameel Askar
...antial side effects, beetroots act as a medicinal herb in the treatment of hematological disorders, and act as antioxidant. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of sub-chronic exposure to meloxicam, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, on hematological alterations and liver functions parameters in albino male rats and to determine the effects of Beetroots ethanolic extract in alleviation these alterations. Eighte...
ZAMARA MASOOD1, FAROOQ SALEEM1, SARFRAZ AHMAD2, TALHA JAMSHAID3, IMRAN WAHEED4,
MUHAMMAD AZEEM1, UMAR FAROOQ GOHAR5 & HAFIZ MUHAMMAD ARSALAN6, 7*
...study, different leaves, roots and floral extracts i.e. methanol,
chloroform, and n-hexane of Ranunculus laetus (R. laetus) were tested to
find out their bioactivities. The yield obtained from the methanolic extracts
was 15.12%, 20.5% and 31.3%, while that of chloroform extracts 4.15%,
16.15% and 29.6% and that of n-hexane extract 4.52%, 10.55% and
31.8%. The established protocols were carried out wit...
SHEZA AYAZ KHILJI1* ZAHOOR AHMAD SAJID2 & SONIA GHULAM BARI1
...esh weight of leaves and roots, dry weight of roots and leaves, were recorded in the different concentrations of industrial effluents. The maximum growth was observed in 10 and 15% concentrations and minimum in 100% (industrial effluents). The uptake of metals Cr, Cd, and Pb was recorded after 15, 30 and 45 days of the experiment. The protein and chlorophyll content were reported in Eichhornia crassipes after 45 days. Amount...
Shakirat Bolatito Ibrahim1, Raheem Olatunji Aminu1,2*, Aisha Olushola Arowolo1 and Adams Sanusi Musa1
...seholds consume cereals, roots, and tubers. As indicated by the household dietary diversity score, 85.64% of households showed a high level of dietary diversity. The food expenditure data shows that food insecurity affected 59% of households, with levels of severity and depth of food insecurity of 0.27 and 0.19, respectively. The ordered logit result indicates that gender, farmer association, cooperative society, extension visits, access to credit, remittances...
Ehtesham Khan, Talha Ahmed, M. Irfan Anis* and Syed Ahsan Rehman
...nutrient solution on the roots of plant in a closed habitat in order to procure fast and healthy plant growth. It is a soil-less culture as soil is just the medium for the plant for nutrients ingestion. As nutrients are supplied in an air water culture in the form of mist directly to the roots. This type of farming uses the micro elements from the nutrient solution in the form of mist in a more efficient way than from soil. ...
Jinwen Liu, Hong Li, Jinhua Zhang, Jianping Li and Xiujuan Yan*
...re grub that feed on the roots, and Rhopalosiphum maidis, the aboveground herbivore aphid that feed on the leaf were chosen as research objects. Four groups were set based on field investigation, including aphid with grub (A & G), aphid (A), grub (G) and blank control (C) groups, and the effects on the host plant corn (Zea mays L.) was investigated. One-way ANOVA and Pearson analysis was performed to process the data. The results showed that, the interacti...
Amer Hakeem Chyad1, Omar S.I. Al-Janabi2*, Orooba Mohammed Saeed Ibrahim1, Najeeb Mohaamed Hussein3
...be. Chelidonium majus L. roots extract significantly altered all tested parameters (sperm count, total testosterone levels, FSH, and LH) compared to the CP group (P 0.05). Root extract of Chelidonium majus L. can be administered. Increase in all parameters and decrease in CP’s adverse effects on the testis.
Keywords | Herbal medicine, Biochemical indices, Chelidonium majus L.
...et orange on sour orange rootstock in Egypt. There is an importance for hot-growing temperatures to symptom development of citrus viroids. The geographical distribution of the gummy bark disease in some world countries depend on high temperatures for viroid-symptom expression. So, correlation between climatic factors and gummy bark disease through GIS is studied. We designed a satellite map for the gummy bark disease distribution all over the world using the p...
Khatab, Eman A.H.; Zein, Salwa N. and Ahmed, Amal A.
...were higher than that in roots; on the other hand the percentages Of virus detection in anthers and pistils were higher than that in sepals....
S. A. Sidaros*, S. A. EL-Kewey*, Eman A. H. khattab**, M. M. ELsharkawy*
... of ripened seeds and in roots of infected plants. BBSV was detected in stained seeds more than un-stained seeds obtained from infected faba bean plants. ...
S.Y.M. Mahmoud1 and M. Hashem2
...stunted, and constricted roots which developed proliferation of rootlets. The foliar symptoms appeared as yellowing rounded patches in the field, including general chlorosis, wilting and necrotic vein yellowing. Samples Of rhizomania-like symptom roots and its adjacent soil were taken from these areas and tested for the presence of BNYVV using indirect DAS-ELISA with specific polyclonal antibodies to C-terminal 60 amino acid...
Tabinda Nowsheen1, Sayed Wadood Ali Shah2, Ali Hazrat1*, Muhammad Yahya1, Gul Rahim1, Muhammad Mukhtiar4 and Muhammad Ajmal Khan3
...act of leaves, stem, and roots of Artemisia maritime. The phytochemical screening of A. maritime leaves, stem and roots extract indicates the existence of flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, tannins, phenolics steroids and carbohydrates but deficient of proteins. In minimum inhibitory concentration assay, the crude methanolic extracts showed significant inhibition against all tested bacterial strains at25, 50 and 100 µg/...
Olaolu Fadeyi1,2, Oluwatoyin Fabiyi3*, Tesleem Bello4 and Gabriel Olatunji5
...n nematode population in roots and soil of the Okro plants. This resulted in increased fruit weight and the number of fruits per plant....
Habibeh Jabbari
...from the rhizosphere and roots of four different cabbage cultivars were subjected to further studies. All the populations showed same range of morphometric and morphological characters fitted thoroughly with the identity of H. cruciferae. Different primers for amplification of ITS1-5.8S-ITS2, D2-D3 rDNA and hsp 90 genes, showed similarity between the nematode populations. ITS-RFLP profiles generated by 16 different restriction enzymes did not differentiate the...
Iqra Munir*, Farrah Iftikhar, Hira Fatima, Sunbal Khalil Chaudhari and Roha Ramash
...ded were fruits, leaves, roots, barks, seeds, and sometimes whole plant. There was a total of 50 plants out of which 20 plants were used through the preparation of decoction, 17 plants in the powder form and 10 plants used through infusion. 80% plants used to cure cough, asthma, fever, influenza, diabetes and liver diseases. 60% plants used to cure digestive diseases, diarrhea, cancer, inflammation, stomachache and dysentery. About 30% plants used to cure card...
Shah Zeb Khan1, Ali Hazrat1*, Farman Ali Khan2, Muhammad Yahya1, Gul Rahim1, Muhammad Mukhtiar3, Muhammad Ajmal Khan4 and Hayat Ullah1
... bark of V. negundo (L.) roots and stem, as well as their potential antioxidant and antibacterial properties. The crude was obtained in 95 % methanolic which was further fractionated into n-hexane (HR, HS), Chloroform (CR, CS), ethyl acetate (EtR, EtS) and butanol (BR, BS) soluble fractions by solvent-solvent extraction. In phytochemical tests of roots fractions; HR showed the presence of terpenoids, while saponins, alkaloid...
Muhammad Ather Nadeem1, Bilal Ahmad Khan*1, Saima Anwar2, Hasnain Abbas3, Muhammad Yasin1, Rizwan Maqbool3, Muhammad Mohsin Amin1, Amir Aziz5, Muhammad Sikander Hayyat1, Muhammad Shozib Javed5
...queous extracts of leaf, roots and fruits applied at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8% (w/v) along with a control (0%). Data regarding seed emergence, emergence index, emergence percentage, root length, shoot length and seedling dry weight were recorded. All the tested concentrations of all the parts of S. oleraceus significantly inhibited the seed emergence, emergence index, emergence percentage (%), growth and delayed mean emergence time and time taken to 50% emerge...
Farrukh Avais1, Anser Ali1, Hamza Javed2, Muhammad Saleem3, Tehreem Tahir4,
Muhammad Rafiq5,*
...extracts from leaves and roots of Garlic Allium sativum (AS) and Peppermint Mentha
piperita (MP), which were further processed for 1:1 fractional distillation to prepare
methanolic n-hexane (MeOH_n-Hx), methanolic ethyl acetate (MeOH_EA) and
methanolic chloroform (MeOH_CHCl3) extracts, aiming to evaluate tyrosinase and antioxidant
activities in-vitro. Our results confirmed that all MeOH-crude AS and MP extracts
*Arshad Javaid1, Syeda Fakehha Naqvi1 and Iqra Haider Khan1
...om Jehlem, Pakistan. Its roots were dried,
powdered and extracted in methanol. After evaporation of the solvent, the remaining
extract was mixed in water and partitioned with n-hexane, chloroform and finally with ethyl
acetate. The last fraction was analyzed through GC-MS that indicated the presence of 15
compounds. These included the three major compounds namely o-xylene (15.03%),
cyclopentanol (13.4...
Afza Tabassum, Shad Khan Khalil, Ziaur Rahman , Misbahullah, Madeeha Alamzeb, Sajid Khan and Muhammad Ilyas
Roshan Ara1, Muhammad Ali Khanzada1, Amir Khan Korai1*, Abdul Mubeen Lodhi, Anam Mehwish Khanzada1, Khalid Hussain Qureshi1, Shakal Khan Korai2*
... development of knots on roots containing egg masses and female nematodes. Pathogenicity tests on “Ghotki” chilli plants revealed a direct correlation between inoculum levels of M. incognita and infection severity, with higher inoculum levels resulting in increased knot formation, nematode counts in roots and soil and reduced shoot and root growth. Four chemical nematicides (Actara, Furadan, Ulala, and Rugby) wer...
Shad K. Khalil, John G. Mexal, Abdur Rehman, A. Z. Khan and Iftikhar Hussain Khalil
...ed in heavier shoots and roots than late emerged seedlings.
Key word: PEG 8000, concentration, duration, stratification, biomass, eldarica pine.
...
Muhammad Afzal and Aqeela Mobeen Akhter
...eks the shoots developed roots in the same media without adding any rooting hormones. These plantlets showed a good growth response in earthen pots and 85% survival of plants in soil was recorded....
J. Kayode and P. O. Tedela
...nd the number of lateral roots produced improved with the frequency of watering, Statistical analyses at 5% level revealed that the different watering treatments had no significant effects on these growth parameters in different soil samples. Both the soil type and the frequency of watering affected the number of nodules. The dry weight of nodules was affected by soil type but the soil type and the frequency of watering did not significantly affect the dry sho...
Muhamamd Arif Chaudhary and Ejaz Ahmed
...ere were recorded 9 dead roots in top die, 7 in thinned canopy, 6 in vertically half dead and none in healthy. A maximum number of termite royal chambers with fungal garden were noted in thinned canopy followed by completely dead, top die and healthy tree. White or black fungal material and decay of roots were recorded on all the tree roots except completely dead. However no Rahizobial nod...
Syed Shahinshah Gilani, S. M. Chaghtai and Umbrin Khan
...followed by whole plant, roots and stem. Enhancing effect on the growth of radicle was not observed However, it was observed on the growth of plumule by roots and stem extracts only....
Sarfaraz Hussain Bangash
...oration and cessation of roots and height-growth (Bangash & Gardiner, 1985). Boron deficiency causes increase in total sugar and starch in leaves and stems of boron deficient plant (Oram, 1961); while a greater amount of benzene insoluble matter is also found in the leaves of normal plants and in the stem of boron deficient plants. Certain parts of plants die because of lack of sugar of inadequate presence of boron. Thus boron deficiency symptoms may be an exp...
Altaf Hussain and Shams-ur-Rehman
... (cm), average number of roots/cutting and average number of secondary roots were non-significant. The highest average root length/cutting (8.90 cm) was attained in October whereas maximum average number of roots/cutting (2.90) and maximum average number of secondary order roots (4.42 cm) were observed in March....
Hanif Gul
...on showed that damage to roots of
seedlings caused maximum stress while removal of foliage
partly decreased stress on the seedling in the initial
stages. All the dying and dead plants were found
infested by termites while healthy plants were safe from
termite infestation. Chemical control trials with
chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides afforded protection
for more than 20 years while trials with pyrethroids are
in progress and have shown efficacy for ...
Mohammad Saleem and C. A. Call
...eminal, and adventitious roots than
Cymbopogon jwarancusa seedlings. Both
species showed evidence of sub-coleoptile
internode elongation and sub-coleoptile
internode root development characteristic of
panicoid-typeseedlings. The different types of grass seedling morphology are discussed in relation to seedling establishment on arid and semiarid rangelands....
Shakeel Haider Zaidi, Anwar Ahmad Khan and Muhammad Muslim
...xtracted from leaves and roots. It
is widely used in a number of pharmaceutical
preparations. In order to develop regeneration
techniques of the plant for its conservation experiments
on regeneration and cultural studies were conducted for
3 consecutive years in its natural habitat. Standardized
techniques of raising seedlings from seeds or by
root-stock were developed. The plant was successfully
regenerated in its natural habitat. Suitable spacing
fo...
Hanif Gul and M. Ismail Chaudhry
... sites. Plants with 3/4
roots cut showed maximum stress and plant mortality,
followed by half root cut and low irrigation frequency.
Foliage loss helped in improving vitality of plants by
reducing moisture loss through transpiration thereby
decreasing plant mortality. Further, almost all dying
and dead plants were infested by termites at Kharian
while only 30% of dead plants were infested at D. I.
Khan showing that termites are not the cause of
mortal...
Ghazala Nasim
...izae recorded in the roots but also
in other portions such as scales on the rhizomes and
epidermis of the root tubers (so called Maju). Scales of
Kachoor had many kinds of spores, majority of which were
formed by a Glomus sp....
M. Bashir Khan
...determined separately in roots, stems and
leaves of Atropa acuminate fed with nutrient solution
having different source of nitrogen fertilizer. All
sources of nitrogen fertilizer increased the total
biomass and the highest increase (27.2% of control) was
in the plants fed with both ammonium and nitrate. The
highest increase (34.7% of control) in the alkaloid
concentration was in the plants fed with only
ammonium.The increase in the Putrescine le...
*Sadiqa Malik, **Nazir Ahmad and **Mahmood Akram
...ng-bean.
The maximum of roots was produced by dark-green colored
zone located at 0.64 Rf...
S. H. Iqbal, Shahbaz and Ghazala Nasim
...phae colonized the young roots and formed coils,
arbuscules and vesicles inside the cortical cells.
Coiled and linear hyphae were very common, digestion
stages were observed. Extrametrical mycelium was also
found. Some endophytes other then VA, with septate,
hyaline or coloured mycelium were found penetrating into
the root. A mixture of endogonaceous spores formed the
rhizosphere mycoflora....
Suppression of Chir pine regeneration by Imperata cylindrical (L) P. Beauv. in Hazara Civil Division
P. H. Haydock Wilson and A. R. Beg
...ntensity on the seedling roots was also assessed at
different depths in the soil in each sample plot and an
attempt was made to correlate this with soil phenol
concentration. Results were inconclusive and lend no
support to the hypothesis positing allelopathic
suppression of mycorrhiza by phenols secreted by
Imperata. No recommendations for management are made, as
the problem of Imperata colonization does not appear
pressing, relative bot...
A. B. I. Igboanugo
...e number of adventitious roots
formed. However, in higher concentrations of IBA,
rooting was achieved in longer hours of soaking only.
Root length increased with the concentration of IBA, but
no roots were formed in 75ppm concentration. There is
the potential for raising planting stocks of E.
cloeziana and the other eucalypts from lignotubers.
...
M. A. Ogigirigi and A. B. I. Igboanugo
...0-60 cm in the
soil the roots of the exotics were able to penetrate
beyond the plinths. Among the exotic, Eucalypts proved
best at penetrating the plinths, having comparatively
larger sized and more numerous roots that were well
distributed along the soil profile. Closely following
the eucalypt were the pines. Roots of all trees studied
at Nimbia grew better than those at other loca...
Rehana Perveen, Mehmood Akram and Ihsan Ilahi
...AP 0.5 mg/1 NAA 0.5 mg/1 roots developed at 0.5mg/1 of
BAP & NAA 0.5+1.0 mg/1 of BAP shoot buds also developed.
Callus pieces cultured on MS medium supplemented with
different combinations of NAA &BAP showed progressive
anatomical changes accompanying differentiation of roots
and shoot buds....
M. I. R. Khan
...hores or the respiratory roots protruding all around the mangrove trees to considerable distances. Associated with the mangrove tree growth on relatively higher ground out-side the reach of the high tides and wave action are the salt bushes like Salicornia, Suaeda, Haloleplis and Limonium etc.
...
Ashiq Ahmad
...ayensis and tuberous roots of Lindelofia anchusoides. Some behavioral studies were also conducted.
...
M. Saleem Khattak, Hafiz Inayatullah and Sharafat Khan
...y failed to produce any
roots. The number and length of roots per cutting were
greater with 9000 PPM of Indole butyric acid. In general
the effect of 1-Naphthalene acetic acid was found
comparatively inferior Indole 3-acetic acid and Indole
3-butyric acid.
...
Adil Al-Kinany
...the length of transplant roots, while P5 had no significant influence on all the characters observed. Similarly, CO2-gas exchange level of transplants was found to be of the same magnitude in different treatments....
Adil Al-Kinany
...ight of stems as well as roots. The experimental
results of Populus tremula cuttings indicated that there
are bright prospects of boosting their rooting and
survival percentage by using higher concentrations than
2000 ppm of alone or in mixture with NAA. With Picea
abies, though IBA at 4000 ppm gave better survival
percentage and number of roots per plant than 200 ppm or
control, the differences among th...
Khial Badshah and Zakaullah
...plants through injured roots. Plant debris, infected young transplanting mateiial and seeds served as source of infection. The pathogen proved specific to Ocimum spp.
Vergouskii (1958) studied some peculiarities in the development of Fusariosis in basil. The high temperature at which basil seedlings were forced was found mainly responsible for the extensive spread of Fusariosis (Fasarium sp.) in nurseries. It was concluded that the tempe...
Mahmood Iqbal Sheikh
...ater direct to the plant roots through sub-surface irrigation. Since there would be no loss of water due to evaporation or seepage, the plants are supplied with a quantity just sufficient for their survival and growth....
Musarrat Nasreen Ali and Anwar Ahmad Khan
...wish orange branched tap roots and violet berries. The plants are distributed throughout the hilly areas of Pakistan, from Baluchistan to Dir, Chitral, Gilgit, Hazara, Murree and Azad Kashmir at an elevation of 900-3,000 metres (4)....
Ashiq Ahmad and M. Ismail Chaudhry
...rcupine food consists of roots and bark of succulent plants, agricultural crops and perennial grasses. Trees are debarked, young plants and shisham stumps are uprooted. They breed twice a year and usually give birth to tow young ones who live initially in mother's milk switching to tender barks 2-3 months later.
...
Bashir Hussain Shah and M. Ismail Chaudhry
...re found in the soil and roots of Eucalyptus saplings in Silvicultural research plots Pakistan Forest Institute, Peshawar, Forest Plantations at Jallo, Chichawatni and Changa Manga, and in Eucalyptus plantation in Watershed Management Project area at Garhi Habibullah, Distt. Hazara. Nine genera of ectoparasitic nematodes and some free living nematodes were also recovered. The percentage of the plant parasitic nematodes of the genera, Rotylenchus Paratylenchus ...
*Arshad Javaid1, Iqra Haider Khan1 and Malik F. H. Ferdosi2
Cristian Mendoza1*, Adriana Celi-Soto2, Ernesto Cañarte3 and George Cedeño-García2
...centage of fresh damaged roots, and leaf emission were assessed. There were fewer S. valida larvae and damaged roots in the treatments with fruitless bunches and fiber at 180 days and with leaves at 90 days after beginning the treatments, while in absolute control, the larval population rose over time. The application of physical barriers reduced the incidence of root borer attacks by 40% compared to areas where these...
Noorullah Khan1, Shahid Ali1, Azher Zeb2, M. Noman1, M. Imran Kasana1, Rashid Iqbal Khan1*, Saima Mumtaz1, Shumaila Rasheed1, M. Muneer3 and M. Qamar-Uz-Zaman1
Iswahyudi Iswahyudi1,2, Wahyu Widodo1*, Warkoyo Warkoyo1, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi3, Damat Damat1,
Dyah Roeswitawati1, Shazma Anwar4, Thontowi Djauhari Nur Subchi1, Irma Rahmaita Utarid5, Marchel Putra Garfansa2, Mohammad Shoimus Sholeh2, Ida Ekawati6, Rusli Tonda7, Wahyu Alvina Mujianti2, Dody Sukma RA8, Sri Utami Lestari8 and Choirul Anam9
... slowing germination and roots development. Of all the stages of growth, seeding has an important role in the crop yields obtained. The examined the impact of three polymer MPs (1 % w w–1) on paddy seeding and control as a comparison with four repetitions by using soil culture experiment for 20 d. Plant height, leaf length, root length, fresh weight, chlorophyll, and MPs identification in the roots were obse...
Arba Aleem, Norrizah Jaafar Sidik*, Wan Razarinah Wan, Abdul Razak and Norfatimah Mohamed Yunus
...o the soil via the plant roots where they shape the soil microbiology and helps to create the symbiotic interaction. It is controlled by a complex network of mechanisms impacted by symbiotic interaction which incorporates the complex network mechanism of biotic and abiotic method. In abiotic conditions, plant exudates via roots to deal with different stresses from the environment such as salinity, drought, and heat stress. I...
Sushan Chowhan1,2*, Md. Moshiur Rahman3, Razia Sultana4,5, Md. Abdur Rouf6, Majharul Islam7 and Sharmin Ara Jannat8
...ess problems at the grassroots level, rather than focusing solely on R and D. Emphasizing grassroots solutions can pave the way to a more resilient and self-sufficient agricultural sector....
Pangesti Nugrahani1*, Hery Purnobasuki2, Arif Nur Muhammad Ansori3, Jatuporn Anuchai4 and Anugerah Dany Priyanto5,6
...ed the highest number of roots, with the ½ MS0 treatment displaying the highest number of leaves. In conclusion, utilizing MS growth media without BAP in banana tissue culture resulted in plantlets with robust growth and vigor, although the production of shoots was limited. The addition of 3 mgL-1 BAP at 1/2 MS gave the best number of shoots....
Shahid Ali Khan1*, Farooq Ahmad1, Muhammad Zubair Akram2, Yan Tongyu3, Fatima Urooj1, Kamran Ahmad1, Saeed Ullah4, Sharmeen Zulfiqar5, Tahira Batool6, Aqsa Sarwar1, Yaqoob Sultan7 and Samreen Nazeer8*
...ho-anatomical studies of roots stems, and leaves. After collection, samples were handled carefully and preserved in plastic bottles for sectioning 70% ethanol, and 30% water was used to prepare the solution. The freehand sectioning technique was used for section cutting of roots, stems, and leaves. Permanent slides were prepared after staining. Moreover, the data were subjected to one-way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) to stud...
Shahid Ali Khan1*, Farooq Ahmad1, Fatima Urooj1, Shabana Ehsan2, Yan Tongyu3, Tahira Batool4, Aqsa Bibi1, Muhammad Bilal1, Amrat Eman1, Javeria Tariq1, Ansa Asghar1, Yang Yan5, Asima Shabbir2 and Samreen Nazeer6*
...al examinations of their roots, stems, and leaves. The freehand sectioning technique was employed to perform section cutting of roots, stems, and leaves. Slides were prepared for long-term use after undergoing the staining process. Furthermore, the data was processed by using ANOVA technique. The primary objective of this investigation is to analyze, categorize, and confirm the existing classification of these taxa. This stu...
Jumiati Asis1, Nur Aainaa Hasbullah1, Mohamadu Boyie Jalloh1, Noor Khairani Mohamad Basri1, Palanivell Perumal2, Peter Mojiun2 and Mohd. Rashid Mohd. Rakib1*
...tage of necrotic primary roots as compared to the positive control. The disease reduction was up to 57.70% and 43.86% when plants were treated with T4RH and T8R, respectively. Additionally, the Trichoderma treatment recorded significantly higher chlorophyll content, plant height, bole diameter, and number of fronds as compared to the positive control. The findings from this study suggested that T. virens T4RH and T. asperellum T8R have the...
Nbaa Mutea Abid AL-Alh1, Nuha Hatem Khalaf1, Nagam Khudhair1*, Ahmed Khalid2
Rukayat Omolara Folarin1,2, Nurhadirah Hairil1, Nurafiqah Anis Ismail1, Putri Athirah Zamrifana1, Lina Nadhirah Abdullah1, Muhammad Afiq Zabhin1, Ariff Imran Alkaf1, Farrah Izzuanie Zainudin1, Hanisah Basir1, Asmad Kari1, Enike Dwi Kusumawati3, I Wayan Karyasa4 and Connie Fay Komilus1*
...c fodder (leaves, stems, roots, and grain) are fed to livestock by the farmers. This experiment aimed to identify the effect of goat manure liquid fertilizer on growth performance, production yield and proximate composition of all four parts of wheatgrass, including the appropriate day of harvesting. This study used a complete randomised design (CRD) with four treatments in triplicates. Four treatment levels were control (C) without goat manurer; Treatment 1 (...
