Morpho-Anatomical Alterations in Asthama Plant (Euphorbia hirta L.) in Various Regions of Faisalabad, Pakistan
Morpho-Anatomical Alterations in Asthama Plant (Euphorbia hirta L.) in Various Regions of Faisalabad, Pakistan
Shahid Ali Khan1*, Farooq Ahmad1, Muhammad Zubair Akram2, Yan Tongyu3, Fatima Urooj1, Kamran Ahmad1, Saeed Ullah4, Sharmeen Zulfiqar5, Tahira Batool6, Aqsa Sarwar1, Yaqoob Sultan7 and Samreen Nazeer8*
ABSTRACT
Euphorbiaceae is the sixth largest family amongst the Anthophyta class of plants. it consists of 340 genera and 9000 species and is cosmopolitan distributed throughout the world. The habits of plants are annuals, perennial herbs, shrubs, and trees. The identifying characteristic feature of plants in this family is the formation of milky latex, because of their succulent nature; they can tolerate or resist water deficit conditions. Different ecotypes of this genus were collected from different areas of Faisalabad region. Different species of this genus Euphorbia hitra was collected by random collection method for morpho-anatomical studies of roots stems, and leaves. After collection, samples were handled carefully and preserved in plastic bottles for sectioning 70% ethanol, and 30% water was used to prepare the solution. The freehand sectioning technique was used for section cutting of roots, stems, and leaves. Permanent slides were prepared after staining. Moreover, the data were subjected to one-way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) to study morpho-anatomical features of Euphorbia hitra species from Faisalabad regions. This study provided evidence about morphological and anatomical modifications of Euphorbia hitra in response to various environmental fluctuations. Anatomical adaptations such as increased root epidermal and endodermal thicknesses, greater stem area, and large cortical region thickness and cell area play a significant role in different habitats. In conclusion, Euphorbia hitra showed very specific modifications in morphological and anatomical attributes that reveal their ecological success in a variety of habitats.
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