Mohammed Ali Hussain, Zakiya Ahmed Hassan
Shahid Iqbal Awan1*, Syed Dilnawaz Ahmad2, Muhammad Amjad Ali3, Muhammad Shahzad Ahmed1, Aurangzeb Rao1
...ed that the magnitude of variability existing in the gene pool was satisfactory for initiating a breeding plan. Relative water content, cell membrane stability, osmotic adjustment and grain yield per plant were major contributors towards variability. Grain yield per plant was closely linked to relative water content, cell membrane stability and specific flag leaf area. Eight clusters were formed through cluster analysis, and...
Tahir Khan, Raziuddin, Fakharuddin* and Muazam Jamal Razi
...cted to estimate genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance for important attributes in Brassica napus using 10 parental lines and their 21 F4 populations. Significant differences were observed among genotypes, parents, F4 populations and parents versus F4 populations for days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, primary branches plant-1 and main raceme length. Among parents, CA2, DH8, ...
Waheed Anwar*, Muhammad S. Haider, Ahmad A. Shahid, Hamid Mushtaq, Usman Hameed, Muhammad Zia Ur Rehman and Muhammad Javed Iqbal
Ahmad Kamran Khan1, Muhammad Hamid Bashir1,*, Bilal Saeed Khan1 and Nazir Javed2
...he localities, while low variability in evenness had been found. The highest diversity of soil inhabiting Mesostigmata (H’=1.93) was recorded in undisturbed soil in April at Dera Ghazi Khan locality and lowest diversity (H’=0.50) in cultivated soils in August at Gujranwala. The highest family richness (S=10) was reported in undisturbed soil at D.G.Khan and the lowest (S=3) was found in cultivated soils in Gujranwala, Chakwal and Bhakkar.
...
Habib Ullah Khan1*, Saleem Ullah1, Hamid Ullah Shah1, Muhammad Arif2
...b and Ni showed moderate variability. It was concluded that acid base treatment of the wood coal resulted in pH, EC and minerals changes which might have good or bad effect on plants grown in those soils....
Mohammad Salim1, Arshad Javid2,*, Faiz-ur-Rahman3, Khalid Javed Iqbal4 and FarmanUllah5
Muhammad Noor, Hidayat ur Rahman and Muhammad Iqbal
...ndicating that the total variability was mostly of genetic nature and hence, could be effectively utilized in maize breeding programs for developing popcorn varieties having early maturity and accompanied with other desirable attributes....
Shams Ur Rehman, Muhammad Arif and Abdul Mateen
Soil-borne viruses in major potato growing areas of Pakistan
...d isolates revealed that variability in the symptoms produced by them on host plant. The interaction and association of vi-ruses (PMTV and TRV) and their vectors was calculated by using Jaccard index of similarity. The association of PMTV to its vector Spongosporsa subteranea in Hazara division was found 27.0% while their association in Malakand division was found 24.4%. The TRV associated to its vectors Trichodorus in Hazara division was found 8.94% while in ...
Mushtaq Ahmad1,*, Mehboob Ahmed1,2 and Nasim Ahmad1
... in many species but the variability exists in technique. Therefore, the present study was aimed to optimize the steps of AO staining protocol for buffalo sperm which has not been explored yet. Semen was collected from two mature buffalo bulls, diluted in tris citrate egg yolk based extender and cryopreserved using standard protocol. The semen straws were thawed at 37oC and stained using different protocols as followed: Protocol 1 (washing effect); ...
Ehtisham Shakeel Khokhar1*, Amir Shakeel1, Muhammad Amir Maqbool1, Muhammad Waheed Anwar1, Zoraiz Tanveer1 and Muhammad Fahad Irfan2
...out to study the genetic variability, coefficient of variations, heritability, genetic advance and correlation among 20 F1 hybrids and 9 parents in upland cotton. Line × tester mating design was deployed to develop crosses and 29 cotton genotypes were field planted in randomized complete block design (RCBD) in three replications to assess the genotypes for plant height (cm), number of sympodial branches, number of monopodial branches, seed cotton yield (...
Syed Asif Imran Shah1*, Shah Jehan Khan2, Kalim Ullah1 and Obaid Ullah Sayal2
...cant (P>0.01) genetic variability among cotton germplasm. Highest and close symmetry between phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variances while lower values of environmental coefficient variance were observed for all the studied attributes which reflected that these traits were genetically controlled and under less influence of environment. Higher broad sense heritability and expected genetic advance reflected that all attributes were governed by addit...
Bashir Ahmad1*, Ahmad-Ur-Rahman Saljoqi1, Hayad Zada2, Shahid Sattar1, Toheed Iqbal3, Saddam Hussain1 and Muhammad Saeed4
...lysis showed 87-96% (R2) variability due to weather parameters on the population dynamics of P. xylostella at District Haripur. ...
Z. A. Soomro, M.B. Kumbhar, A.S. Larik*, M. Imran** and S.A. Brohi***
...1) and exhibited genetic variability among the genotypes for all the traits except sympodia/plant. Genetic parameters computed through variance components method show that all the traits were highly heritable in F2 and F3 generations except sympodia/plant, indicating quantitative pattern of inheritance, offering better chances of selection for these traits in F2 and F3 generations. The traits namely plant height, bolls/plant and seed cotton yield/plant display...
Oguz Bilgin, Kayihan Z. Korkut, Alpay Balkan, and Ismet Baser*
...ghly significant genetic variability was present in parents and their genetic combinations for the characters. The degree and direction of heterosis varied for different characters and for different hybrids. The highest heterosis over mid and better parents (120.14-109.93%) was recorded in hybrid of Kyzyltan91xIDSN209 for grain weight/spike. Maximum limits of heterosis over mid and better parent for spike length, spikelets/spike, grains/spike, spike density, g...
Saba Rafique1,2,*, Khalid Naeem1, Naila Siddique1, Muhammad Athar Abbas1, Aamer Ali Shah2, Akbar Ali1, Abdul Rahim1 and Farooq Rashid1
Muhammad Rasool1,*, Muhammad Zahid1, Muhammad Ismail Khan1, Qadeem Khan2 and Khalid Khan1
...ce Antigen (HBsAg). This variability reduces the efficacy of vaccines prepared to a particular clone of HBV isolates.
...
M. Asif Masood, Irum Raza* and Muhammad Yaseen**
ESTIMATION OF OPTIMUM FIELD PLOT SIZE AND SHAPE IN PADDY YIELD TRIAL
...e effect of plot size on variability in yield of crop as well as studying the coefficients of variation of different plot sizes and shapes of plots. The Smith's index of soil heterogeneity was computed to estimate optimum plot size and shape using yield data of the 12m×24m recorded separately from each basic unit of 1m×1m (288 basic units). Soil productivity contour map described graphically the productivity level of the experimental site. The inde...
Sajid Ali* and Abdul Jabbar**
GROWTH AND VARIABILITY IN AREA PRODUCTION AND YIELD OF SELECTED FRUIT CROPS IN KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA
...roduction along with low variability is highly desirable. The objective of this study was to investigate growth and variability in area, production and yield of selected fruit crops including apple, peach, pear, and plum in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. The study is based on secondary data from 1975-76 to 2011-12 which is further bifurcated into three periods; period-I (from 1975-76 to 1990-91), period-II (from 1991-92 to 201...
Kalim Ullah*, Zahid Usman*,Niamatullah Khan*, Rehmat Ullah**, Fazal Yazdan Saleem***, Shahid Iqbal Khattak**** and Muhammad Ali*****
GENETIC DIVERSITY FOR YIELD AND RELATED TRAITS IN UPLAND COTTON GENOTYPES
... to evaluate the genetic variability and yield potential in cotton cultivars was conducted at the Cotton Research Station, D.I.Khan, Pakistan, during 2013. The experiment was carried out in Randomized Complete Block design replicated four times. The genetic material comprised nine cotton cultivars viz., Gomal-93, SLH-373, BH-186, BH-172, CIM-573, CRIS- 342, CIM-591, CIM-608 and DNH-105. Results depicted the significant (P≤0.01) differences for the investiga...
Syeda Nasreen*, Muhammad Ayub Khan*, Muhammad Arshad*, Maryam Kamal**, Doulat Baig *, M. Tariq*, Talat Gilani* and Musarrat Gilani*
COMBINING ABILITY STUDIES FOR SEED YIELD TRAITS IN SUNFLOWER
...selected on the basis of variability for yield related characters. The lines and tester restorers were crossed in a line x tester mating design resulting in 36 F hybrids. The potential parents with high general 1 combining ability (GCA) effects were identified for yield related traits. Among
females, CMS-H55-2-2-1 expressed the highest significant GCA effects for 1000- seed weight whereas female, CMS-303 represented the highest and significant...
Mubbashira Nazir*, Saira Batool*, Sultan Ali Tariq**, Abid Hussain** and Ya Sakina**
INTERDECADAL GROWTH VARIABILITY AND DECOMPOSITION ANALYSIS OF FRUIT CROPS IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
...970s to 1990s); however, variability in their production escalated and reached to the highest levels for citrus and mango again in 2000s. While, variations in guava production were the highest in 1970s followed by 1980s. On the basis of growth rate data these can be attributed to expansion in area to a great extent and partially to productivity improvement. Variations in production of minor fruits increased overtime (from 1970s to 1990s) and then declined in 2...
Basharat Hussain Shah*, F. S. Hamid*, Shams ul Islam*, Fayaz Ahmad*, Sohail Aslam*, and Noorullah Khan*
EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT PEA (PISUM SATIVUM L.) GENOTYPES FOR YIELD AND OTHER ATTRIBUTES AT SHINKIARI, MANSEHRA
...ut the amount of genetic variability that may exist in different pea cultivars. For this purpose six advance lines/commercial pea varieties were collected from Ayub Agricultural Research Institute (AARI) Faisalabad and one local variety was included in the experiment as a control. The experiment was conducted during 2014-15 at National Tea & High Value Crops Research Institute (NTHRI) Shinkiari, Mansehra. Altogether seven pea genotypes were laid out in Ran...
Ummad-ud-Din Umar*, Muhammad Aslam Khan**, *Ateeq-urRehman*, Abdul Hannan***, Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi*, Azhar Ali Khan****, Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar****
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF POTATO LEAF ROLL VIRUS DISEASE PREDICTION MODEL BASED ON ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS FOR FAISALABAD, PAKISTAN
...ped explained 70% of the variability in disease development and when validated on an independent dataset, the model explained 67.5% of the variability in disease incidence. This prediction model can be used for the management of PLRV in this region....
Ali Haider Saleem1,*, Khalid Javed2, Masroor Ellahi Babar3, Tanveer Hussain3, Asad Ali2, Afzal Ali2, Nisar Ahmad2, Muhammad Zahid Farooq1 and Muhammad Dawood2
... the presence of genetic variability among Lohi animals; this variation might be associated with other economic traits for future breeding programs and marker assisted selection.
...
Ehtisham Shakeel Khokhar*1, Amir Shakeel1, Muhammad Amir Maqbool1, Muhammad Khubaib Abuzar2, Sumaira Zareen2, Syeda Sana Aamir4 and Muhammad Asadullah4
... the presence of genetic variability except fiber fineness. δ2GCA/δ2SCA ratio depicted the predominance of non-additive types of gene action for plant height, number of monopodial branches, number of sympodial branches, numbers of bolls, boll weight, seed cotton yield, lint percentage, fiber length and fiber strength. The parents VH-259, CRS-456 and AA-703 among lines and PB-39 among testers displayed significant GCA effects f...
Muhammad Suleman Bacha1*, Mohammad Nafees1 and Syed Adnan2
...align: justify;">Climate variability significantly affects water, food and energy sectors particularly in developing countries. The current study focused on farmer’s perception about climate change vulnerabilities, their adaptation measures and relationship with the changing climatic records in the district Swat (Pakistan). The data collected through household interviews and focus group discussions. Total 177 questionnaires administered to sample househo...
Baharullah Khattak1*, Saifullah2, Shaukat Hussain2, Musharraf Ahmad2, Asad Ali2, Mohammad Junaid2, Ijaz Ahmad Khan3, Taj Ali Khan1 and Mubbashir Hussain1
...6% J2 mortality. Genetic variability among these isolates, was studied at molecular level by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA procedure. A selected set of three random primers was used for this purpose, which resulted in 113 bands on gel for the 15 isolates of T. harzianum. The analysis of the bi-variate data, using Unweighted Paired Groups Method Averages, divided the indigenous isolates of Trichoderma, into four well-defined clusters. These results clearly...
Yakup Erdal Erturk1, Adem Aksoy2 and Mohammad Masood Tariq3,*
...d that almost all of the variability in AFFLW per enterprise was explained based on the lowest GCV. In this study, social factors (farmer’s age, experience, province, educational level, social security status, and aim in performing animal production), economic factors (dry land, irrigated land, and pasturage land of the farmer) and biological factors (first live weight before fattening, and fattening period of the beef cattle) were found as influential f...
Aqeela Ashraf1,2,*, Muhammad Imran1 and Yung-Fu Chang2
... due to its high genetic variability, enormous number of environmental sources and increased resistance to antibiotics. The present study was aimed to determine the antimicrobial resistance of E. coli isolates from bovine mastitis and identification of antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes associated with them. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion method. Resistance and virulence genes were detected by PCR. The res...
Adel A. Basyouny Shahin,1,* Amira M. Metwally Mohamed2 and Abd El-Reheem A. El Shatter2
...leles. Levels of genetic variability between the two forms were relatively low and are comparatively either within the range or quite different from those of the same species occurring elsewhere. The means of expected (He) and observed (Ho) heterozygosity were 0.175 ± 0.503 and 0.124 ± 0.496, respectively, the mean percentage of polymorphic loci (P) was 29.42%, while the mean number of alleles per locus ...
Yakup Erdal Ertürk
...plained virtually all of variability in the final fattening weight (FFW) for each gender when model assessment criteria (viz. R2, SDRATIO, GCV and Pearson correlation coefficient between real and estimated scores in the final fattening weight) in the current study were considered. SDRATIO estimates of the MARS models for male and female domestic beef cattle were close to 0.05. The estimated FFW scores were correlated alm...
Ghulam Abbas1, Muhammad Jawad Asghar1, Muhammad Rizwan2*, Muhammad Akram1, Jaffar Hussain1 and Fiaz Ahmad1
...s information on genetic variability and correlation of traits. For this purpose, fifty eight exotic and indigenous diverse mungbean genotypes were evaluated for seed yield and other related traits. The genetic analysis of mungbean germplasm revealed high genotypic (GCV) and phenotypic (PCV) coefficients of variability for biological yield (GCV% = 31.70, PCV% = 33.58), harvest index (GCV% = 27.80, PCV% = 30.16) and seed yiel...
Rizwana Qamar1, Maria Ghias1, Fida Hussain1, Sajida Habib1, Muhammad Khuram Razzaq2*, Muhammad Aslam1 and Imran Habib3
...e of significant genetic variability among hybrids and inbred lines. Hybrids had more tolerance to drought conditions on both levels of water stress treatments. With the increase in stress, root length and leaf temperature increased, while shoot length, plant fresh and dry weight, chlorophyll fluorescence and relative water content decreased at seedling stage. Hybrid FH-630 and Hysun-33 are identified as the most drought tolerant genotypes used in present stud...
Imadud Din1*, Fazal Munsif1, Irfan Ahmad Shah3, Hamayoon Khan1, Fahad Ullah Khan1, Ibrarullah2, Shahab Uddin4 and Tauqir Islam1
...ence of adequate genetic variability among the tested wheat genotypes. High PCV and GCV were found in grains spike-1, while highest broad sense heritability with inferior genetic advance was recorded for plant height. Wheat genotype PR-110 out performed for grain yield, while PR-103 exhibited higher biological yield. Highest number of productive tillers m-2 was counted for PR-111, while intense leaf area index was displayed by PR-103. Hybrid-404 had relatively...
Arshad Iqbal1*, Syed Mehar Ali Shah1, Hidayat ur Rahman1, Faiza Aman2 and Aziz-ur-Rahman1
...conducted to investigate variability, heritability and genetic advance among F5:6 lines of rice for various morphological traits. Thirty-eight lines derived from F5 rice cross combinations along with their 8 parents were planted in a randomized complete block design (RCB) having three replications at The University of Agriculture, Peshawar during 2016 rice crop growing season. Data were taken on some of the morphological traits like number of days to heading (...
Khush Bukhat Zahid1*, Ghaffar Ali2, Samina Sabir1 and Mohammad Fayaz2
...etween climate and yield variability. The results show that higher amount of rainfall has a negative and significant impact on the production of all crops including wheat, rice and maize. It may be because unexpected rainfall in Pakistan during monsoon season severely damages crops. This result is consistent with our expectation that high level of rainfall would decrease agricultural productivity and contribute to food insecurity in Pakistan. However, variatio...
Faiz Muhammad1,2, Canfeng Dou1, Zhen-ming Lü1,*, Li Gong1, Xun Du1 and Muhammad Shafi3
...aters.
...
Muhamad Jawad*, Shahid Riaz Malik, Muhammad Aqeel Sarwar, Muhammad Asadullah, Israr Hussain and Rabia Khalid
...raits showed significant variability among the genotypes. Correlation analysis indicates negative correlation of yield with lowest pod height and highly significant correlation between lowest pod height and plant height. Cluster analysis performed for qualitative and quantitative traits separately. It was observed that genotypes with suitable plant type for mechanized harvesting belongs to different cluster and high yielding genotypes belongs to another cluste...
Ali Awais, Charassri Nualsri and Watcharin Soonsuwon*
...">To enhance the genetic variability and to create new and diverse characters to a natural population, researchers sometimes opt for mutation breeding. This research has been done to investigate the effective doses of EMS and to observe the phenotypic variability of the two upland rice genotypes Dawk Pa-yawm (white rice) and Dawk Kha 50 (red rice), in Thailand. Seeds of the potential genotypes has been treated with varying E...
Adile Tatliyer1,*, Sinan Bas1 and Serdar Yagci2
...45 and 57 % of the total variability in live weight, respectively. The achieved results revealed that using of body measurements could allow breeders to conduct better breeding programs. Also, it is recommendable that periods in wide variability should be taken into consideration in selection program....
Manzoor Hussain1, Muhammad Awais2, Farhatullah3, Saiqa Bibi1, Muhammad Rameez Khan3, Afifa Khalid1 and Sajid Ali3*
Senol Celik
...curacy in explaining the variability in LBW compared with others. MARS produced the best fit for 3rd interaction order on the basis of the smallest generalized cross validation (GCV). In the MARS algorithm, BL and CG were the predictors that had the highest relative importance (100%) in the prediction of live body weight and these two predictors could be considered as indirect selection criteria for breeding schemes. It could be suggested that the CART, the CH...
Mohsen M. El-Sherbiny1,2,*, Reny P. Devassy1, Erinn M. Muller3, Abdulmohsin A. Al-Sofyani1 and Ali M. Al-Aidaroos1
...sity as well as the diel variability of the major mesozooplankton taxon, Copepoda was studied with respect to the prevailing hydrographic conditions along the coastal waters of Gulf of Aqaba, Saudi Arabia during the summer period. Conspicuous stratification was evident in the water column while nutrient distribution highlighted the oligotrophic nature of the region. Nitrate showed a notable increase in the deeper layers of almost all the stations and towards t...
Asad Ullah Khan1, Wiqar Ahmad1*, Amir Raza2, Farmanullah Khan3 and Muhammad Sharif3
...align: justify;">Genetic variability among genotypes of a plant is responsible for variation in growth, yield and nutrients uptake performance. This research investigated the survival and growth efficiency of the 10 wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes under sand culture including Batoor-2007, Barsat (NRL 0320), Fakhr-e-Sharhad-99 (FS-99), Tatara-96 (WS 395), Paktunkhwa-15 (PR-103), NIFA Lalma (NRL 0517), Pirsabak 2013, NIFA Insaf (NRL 0707), Shahkar-2015 an...
Wajid Khan* and Raziuddin
...d to investigate genetic variability and heterosis in eight rapeseed genotypes for maturity, morphological and yield traits. The eight parental genotypes i.e., AUP-01, AUP-05, AUP-07, AUP-08, AUP-10, AUP-13, AUP-18 and AUP-21 were crossed in full diallel fashion to generate 56 F1 crosses. These parental genotypes and their F1 hybrids were evaluated during 2015/16 in the field at the University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan. Mean squares revealed significa...
Sajida Sabahat1, Asif Nadeem1,*, Maryam Javed1, Muhammad Yasir Zahoor1, Shahid Nabeel1 and Abu Saeed Hashmi2
... to characterize genetic variability in the growth hormone (GH) and growth hormone receptor (GHR) of Camelus dromedarius. GH is secreted and synthesized from somatotroph cells of the anterior pituitary lobe and plays significant role in growth, development, metabolism, lactation, and reproduction. Growth hormone interact with GHRs and influence on metabolism and growth. Changes in GHR concentration affect signalling pathways, binding capacity and alters...
Sajida Sabahat1, Asif Nadeem1,*, Maryam Javed1, Muhammad Yasir Zahoor1, Abu Saeed Hashmi1, Ghulam Yasein2 and Ghulam Abbas1
...arecha camel has genetic variability in the IGF-1 and may be helpful for preservation strategies and future selection programs.
...
Sana Munir1, Muhammad Kamran Qureshi1*, Ahmad Naeem Shahzad2, Ismat Nawaz3, Muhammad Shahzad Anjam4, Sumaira Rasul4 and Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar5
... about 80.326 % of total variability. Positive contribution towards PC1 was given by seed traits such as lint/seed, seed weight/seed, boll weight, seed index and seed cotton/seed. In biplot analysis, intraspecific hybrids and their parents were present very close to each other while interspecific hybrids, their parent and exotic line were unsimilar and far apart from intraspecific hybrids. Results of linkage cluster analysis (LCA) revealed that among four clus...
Qaisar Jamal*, Akram Shah, Syed Basit Rasheed and Muhammad Adnan
...ia tropica. Temporal variability in the morphology and various morphotypes of the promastigotes were noted. Acquisition and propagation of axenic amastigotes was assessed. During promastigote culture, log, mid-log, and late-log phases were observed respectively on day 4, 5 and 6. The stationary phase was observed on day 7. The day following inoculation, most of the promastigotes were nectomonads having long and slender bodies with roughly uniform width fro...
Muhammad Sohail1*, Imtiaz Hussain2, Maqsood Qamar2, Sikander Khan Tanveer2, Syed Haider Abbas2, Zeshan Ali1 and Muhammad Imtiaz3
... growth stages. However, variability might exist among wheat genotypes in response to stressful conditions. The objective of the study was to test the climatic adaptability potential of the wheat genotypes using canopy temperature measurement as physiological indicator. The trial was comprised of forty spring wheat genotypes which were sown on normal and late planting dates to create variable growing environments under field conditions. Wheat genotypes showed ...
Basharat Hussain Shah*, Farrukh Siyar Hamid, Shams ul Islam, Naveed Ahmed, Fayaz Ahmad, Noorullah Khan and Qamar uz Zaman.
...re the amount of genetic variability that may exist in the available genetic material and to study the variability of yield and yield attributes in advance rice lines. For this purpose, fourteen elite rice lines namely Line-21, Line-25, Line-28, Line-31, Line-37, Line-46, Line-48, Line-50, Line-64, Line-73, Line-80, Line-128, Line-130 and Line-140 developed in the background of Basmati-385 by Department of Genetics, Hazara U...
Muhammad Ilyas1*, Sardar Ali Khan1, Shahid Iqbal Awan1, Shafiq-ur-Rehman1, Muhammad Riaz Khan2 and Sumaira Hafeez1
...a broad range of genetic variability and displayed different levels of drought tolerance. Four inbred lines were selected i.e. VDR-51, DR3-126, DR-37 and 5CDR-53. Crosses were done among the selected inbred lines. Six generations as P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1 and BC2 were prepared for both the crosses to calculate heterosis and inbreeding depression for Randomized Complete Block Design under split plot arrangement. Highly significant inbreeding depression was recorde...
Peimin Yang*, Zongyun Hu, Yixin Liu, Guanghai Jin and Lei Wang
... investigate the genetic variability and population structure of this species in its native range, we analysed variation in the mitochondrial cytochrome b (Cyt b) for 94 specimens collected from five locations. Sequence analysis showed that there were 50 polymorphic sites and 20 haplotypes among five populations, and the samples exhibited high haplotype diversity (h=0.8467) and low nucleotide diversity (Pi=0.0063). Genetic dista...
Qingzhan Ma1, Bo Wu1, Jianping Jiang2 and Zhaobin Song1,3*
...esent study, the genetic variability and relationships of the domestic populations of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) in Sichuan Province, China were studied to determine their genetic background and provide essential data for its artificial breeding. Eight microsatellite markers were used to analyze genetic characteristics of eight channel catfish populations (POPA, POPB, POPC, POPD, POPE, POPF, POPG, and POPH). The average polymorphic informatio...
Muhammad Iqbal1, Sami Ul-Allah2*, Muhammad Naeem1, Muhammad Ijaz2 and Muhammad Qadir Ahmad3
...to investigate genotypic variability and correlations among upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) cultivars for some physical (seed weight, seed surface area and seed density) and biochemical (seed oil contents) seed traits. The study determined the effects of water stress on genetic variability of root and shoot traits and association of the seed traits with seedling vigor. 15 cotton cultivars were studied at two levels of irr...
Muhammad Mohibullah1*, Mehran1, Sundas Batool1, Muhammad Amin1, Zakiullah1, Muhammad Ilyas2, Irfanullah1, Abdur Rehman1 and Sardar Ali3
...height: normal;">Genetic variability and heritability studies were carried out during 2017-2018 for earliness, phonological and yield related parameters in desi Cicer arietinum L. genotypes atAgriculture Research Institute, D. I. Khan, Pakistan. Sixteen chickpea genotypes including 14 accessions along with 2 check varieties (Bhakkar-2011 and Bittle-2016) were grown and evaluated according to (RCB) design in three blocks. High variation were noted in the...
Sajjad Ali1, Muhammad Shahzad Khattak1, Daulat Khan1, Mohammed Sharif2, Hamad Khan1, Asmat Ullah3,
Abdul Malik1
PREDICTING FUTURE TEMPERATURE AND PRECIPITATION OVER PAKISTAN IN THE 21ST CENTURY
...rent models show greater variability compared to temperature changes. An
increase in precipitation in the range of (1-11%) was projected over Pakistan for the mid century. However, central
Balochistan and southern Punjab showed negative precipitation departures ranging from -1 to-11%, thus increasing
the likelihood of droughts in these regions. For the end century, positive precipitation departures were projected
throughout the coun...
increase in precipitation in the range of (1-11%) was projected over Pakistan for the mid century. However, central
Balochistan and southern Punjab showed negative precipitation departures ranging from -1 to-11%, thus increasing
the likelihood of droughts in these regions. For the end century, positive precipitation departures were projected
throughout the coun...
Muhammad Shahzad1, Arif Iqbal Umar1, Syed Hamad Shirazi1, Muhammad Tariq Pervez2*, Zakir Khan1, Waqas Yousaf1
HCDP: HEPATITIS C DATA BANK OF PAKISTAN
...e structural and genetic variability of the sequences efficiently and effectively. HCDP is a specialized database that mainly focuses on the HCV strain from Pakistani community. It helps virologists in drug designing and vaccine development....
Rao Wali Muhammad1, Hafiz Muhammad Wasif Ali2*, Amir Hamza1, Muhammad Qadir Ahmad2, Abdul Qayyum2, Waqas Malik2 and Etrat Noor2
Estimation of Different Genetic Parameters in Various Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Genotypes under Field Condition
...o estimate the extent of variability for studied parameters and to partition the germplasm into various cluster groups on basis of their mean performance. A value of 74% was indicated by the first three PCs, which showed the highest variability between studied parameters. Eigen values >1 contributed variability between the genotypes under field condition. Minimum and maximum heritabilit...
Attiq ur Rehman1,2*, Iftikhar Hussain Khalil3 and Ihtisham Ali4
Genetic Diversity and Traits Association in Tetraploid and Hexaploid Wheat Genotypes in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan
...garding the magnitude of variability as well as the correlation among agronomically important traits renders the basis for development of a successful crop improvement program. An experiment containing 16 wheat genotypes (8 durum and 8 spring wheat) was conducted in crop season of year 2015-2016, at The University of Agriculture, Peshawar. The experimental design used was a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The parameters under s...
Khan Sher1*, Muhammad Subhan1, Muhammad Nisar2, Ali Hazrat2, Zahid Fazal1, Gul Rahim2, Imran Ahmad1, Riaz ul Haq1 and Shamia Bibi1
Genetic Diversity in Common Beans (Phaseolus vulgarus L.) Collected from Different Ecological Zones of Malakand Division (A Part of the Sino Japanese Region of Pakistan)
... identified quantitative variability of 55 common bean landraces. The eigenvalues of more than 60.8% accounted a total of 70% genetic variants. Finally, it was found that a high degree of variance was identified in all germplasm collected from Malakand sections with some additional unique characteristics, such as early cooking, high productivity and protein significance as compared to other parts of the world, which could be utilized for evolving better qualit...
Saeed Ahmad1, Abdul Ghaffar1, Muhammad Habib ur Rahman1,3*, Tanveer-ul-Haq2, Mahmood Alam Khan4 and Arshad Mahmood5
Evaluation of Different Production Systems in Combination with Foliar Sulphur Application for Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under Arid Climatic Conditions of Pakistan
...ropping systems. Climate variability is another emerging threat for current production and cropping systems especially in south regions of Pakistan having high arid climatic conditions. A study was conducted in South Punjab (30°1575 N, 71°5249 E) to evaluate the performance of sunflower production systems (nursery transplanted and direct seeded) and sulphur foliar spray (0, 50, 100 and 150 ppm) on sunflower in a randomized complete block, with split pl...
Atef Mohamed El-Sagheer
Status of Phytonematodes in a Main Commercial Banana Production of Upper Egypt
... observed that there was variability in population density, frequency of occurrence and prominence value of some plant parasitic genera e.g., Meloidogyne in Abo-Teg and East Mangabad has the most prominence value (17.20 and 19.80) followed by Longidorus and Radopholus in Manfalot (17.20 and 15.36), respectively. The lowest prevalent genus was Heterodera which was absent in two surveyed localities viz., Abo-Teg and Assiut regions but present in Manfalot and Eas...
Muhammad Ali Shah, Faiz Ur Rehman, Abbas Mehmood, Fareed Ullah, Sayed Irfan Shah and Syed Majid Rasheed*
Combining Ability, Heritability and Gene Action Assessment in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) for Yield and Yield Attributes
...additive type of genetic variability indicated that it could be integrated as a valuable tool in breeding strategies to choose genotypes of B. napus L. for high yielding traits. ...
Imran Ahmad Rana*, Muhammad Ali Yab and Ch. Abdul Rehman
Quality Engineering Tools Implementation a Comparison of Indian and Pakistani Business Organizations
...ignificant in explaining variability of six sigma results in the region. Results show that the countries were found similar on effect of six sigma practices on customer satisfaction, where common elements like SS Training management, Information and Communication planning and execution, and quality control practices found statistically significant variables explaining variability of customer satisfaction. The study may help ...
Muhammad Rizwan1*, Jehanzeb Farooq1, Muhammad Farooq1,2, Aqeel Sarwar4, Abid Ali3, Farrukh Ilahi1, Muhammad Asif1 and Ghulam Sarwar1
Quantitative Studies in Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) using Multivariate Techniques
... to evaluate the genetic variability for fifteen parameters viz., plant height (cms), days taken in 50% flowering, monopodia plant-1, sympodia plant-1, boll weight (g), No. of bolls plant-1, ginning out turn (%), lint index(g), seed index(g), 2.5 percent span length(mm), bundle strength(g/tex), micronaire (µg/in), fibre elongation (%), uniformity ratio and yield plant-1(g). Using Mahalanobis D2 analysis, these parameters were assembled into seven cluster...
Saba Aleem1*, Mehvish Tahir2, Iram Sharif3, Muqadas Aleem4, Muhammad Najeebullah2, Ali Nawaz1, Amina Batool1, Muhammad Imran Khan1 and Waheed Arshad1
Principal Component and Cluster Analyses as Tools in the Assessment of Genetic Diversity for Late Season Cauliflower Genotypes
...ogram as determining the variability of germplasm is an indispensable assist for crop improvement strategies. Multivariate analyses such as cluster and principal component analysis measures the amount of genetic diversity in respect of several charaters and asseses the relative contribution of different traits to the total variation. In the present study, nineteen genotypes were evaluated for presence of genetic diversity through principal component and cluste...
Ghulam Sarwar1, Amna Nazir1*, Muhammad Rizwan1, Eram Shahzadi2 and Abid Mahmood3
...ontributed 79.9% towards variability. In PC-I, there was maximum positive factor loading of earliness traits, fiber fineness and negative factor loading of sympodia per plant and seed cotton yield. In PC-II, there was maximum positive factor loading of bolls per plant and GOT % while negative factor loading for CLCuV % and fiber length. A biplot between PC-I and PC-II showed that major contribution towards variability of fib...
Muhammad Tahir Waseem1, Abdul Majid Khan1*, Abdul Ghaffar2, Ayesha Iqbal1 and Rana Manzoor Ahmad1,3
...permil; to -3.8‰) variability may indicate a climatic shift in precipitation source or amount rainfall through time. We suspect that grasslands expanded at the expense of forests towards the latest Miocene while environment became drier and warmer. These analyses also reveal that hipparionines shifted from C3 browsing to mixed C3/C4 and to C4diet at the end of Miocene.
...
Ahmad Kamran Khan1, Muhammad Hamid Bashir2*, Shanza Ahmed3, Muhammad Amjad Bashir1, Shahbaz Ali1, Syeda Amber Hameed4, Munaza Batool5, Irfan Ahmed6 and Muhammad Naeem Khan7
...he localities, while low variability with respect to evenness had been found in two different types of soil. The highest diversity of soil inhabiting Prostigmata were recorded in undisturbed type of soil in the month of June at Faisalabad locality (H’=1.33) and lowest (H=0.00) in disturbed soils in October, December at Gujranwala and Chakwal. The highest values of family richness (S=04) was reported in undisturbed soil at Faisalabad, D.G. Khan and Chakwa...
Muhammad Jahanzaib1*, Nazakat Nawaz1, Muhammad Arshad1, Haris Khurshid1, Muzamil Hussain2 and Shahid Ali Khan1
...cted to estimate genetic variability, traits association, and path coefficient analysis in eleven groundnut advanced breeding lines together with check vis BARD-479, using randomized complete block design with three replications at National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan. Through One-Way Analysis of variance significant discrepancies were found among the genotypes for most of the traits. In this study 100 kernels weight was found in s...
Faiza Aman1,*, Neelam Ara1 and Syed Mehar Ali Shah2
...ive traits to assess the variability and association patterns for the characters under study. The genotypes were grown in plots using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) at Horticulture Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar during 2016-2017 pea growing season. All the studied parameters showed significant (p≤0.01) differences, indicating the presence of sufficient variability among the genotypes. Minim...
Grace Okongor, Chukwudi Njoku*, Pauline Essoka and Joel Efiong
...he nexus between climate variability and yam (Dioscorea spp.) production in Ikom Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria. Rainfall, temperature, sunshine and relative humidity (1976-2016), as well as yam yield data (1990-2016) were considered. Results revealed that climate elements fluct...
Md. Sabbir Ahamed1, Md. Rayhan Chowdhury1, Md. Atik Mas-ud1, Sujat Ahmed2, Md. Shahadat Hossain1 and Mohammad Nurul Matin1*
...t: normal;">Here genetic variability, correlation coefficient and character association of yield and yield contributing traits of 13 local rice cultivars grown in Bangladesh were estimated. Results indicated that most traits including, plant height (PH), panicle length (PaL), leaf length (LL), leaf breath (LB), 100-grain weight (100-GW) as well as filled and unfilled grain per panicle (FGPa, UFGPa), and primary branch (PB) obtained significant variation in cas...
Fayaz Ahmad, Noorullah Khan, Farrukh Siyar Hamid, Abdul Waheed, M. Abbas Khan, Imtiaz Ahmad, Shamsul Islam, Basharat Hussain Shah, Sohail Aslam and Qamar uz Zaman
...014-16 to assess genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance as percent of mean for various growth attributing traits of fifteen early flushing tea (Camellia sinensis L) clones. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replication and 100 plants per replication. Data were recorded on plant height (PH), number of branches per plant (NBP), number of leaves per plant (NLP), stem diameter (SD), main root len...
Hafiz Basheer Ahmad1*, Sajida Habib2, Waqas Shafqat Chattha3, Rizwana Qamar2, Shazia Saeed2, Abdul Khaliq1 and Salsabeel Rauf2
...ted 39.57 % of the total variability while second eigenvalue equals 1.24 and showed 17.76% of the total variability. The first two factors showed 57.34% of the initial variability. The principal component analysis for R-lines showed that the first eigenvalue equals 3.73 and represented 53.21% of the total variability while second eigenvalue equals 1.34 a...
Tanweer Fatah Abro1, Asif Ali Kaloi1, Jay Kumar Sootaher1*, Piar Ali Shar1, Tarique Ahmed Baloch2, Tanveer Ali Soomro1, Muhammad Saleem Chang3, Kirshan Kumar Menghwar1 and Waqar Hussain Shah4
...017 to determine genetic variability, heritability, and genetic gain in nine F4 segregating populations for morphological, yield and fiber quality related traits in upland cotton. Significant differences were observed among genotypes, parents, F4 populations and parents x F4 populations for all the studied attributes which articulated greater genetic variation in the breeding material. Heritability estimates were moderate to high for all the traits. The F4 pop...
Saba Aleem1*, Iram Sharif2, Mehvish Tahir3, Muhammad Najeebullah3, Ali Nawaz1, Muhammad Imran Khan1, Amina Batool1 and Waheed Arshad1
... to assess the genotypic variability and relationship of accumulation of glycine betaine, proline, chlorophyll contents, and cell membrane thermostability with yield in different cauliflower varieties under heat stress. Heat stress was imposed by early sowing of genotypes (in July as compared to September sowing). Under the early sown condition, the high temperature was experienced by the plants during the curd development stage. Heat tolerance ability of the ...
Rahat Rukhsana1, Shahnaz Rashid2, Asma Fatima2, Owais Iqbal Khan3, Syed Babar Hussain Shah4, Mumtaz Ali4 and Ghulam Abbas2*
...ted 99.97 % of the total variability in water quality of fish and shrimp ponds at different farms. Positive loadings indicated high contribution of water quality variables throughout the study period....
Syed Muhammad Sulaiman, Nazir Ahmad and Nazir Ahmad Khan*
...e results revealed large variability (P < 0.001) in DM yield, ranging from 1943 to 2763 kg/ha. There was also greater variability (P ˂ 0.001) in morphological characteristics among the wheat cultivars. The percentage of leaves varied from 0.33 to 0.45% and leaf to stem ratio varied from 0.47 to 0.84. There was also marked variation (P ˂ 0.001) in the plant height, ranging from 68.7 to 79.3 cm. The chemical composition s...
K.A. El-Dougdoug1, A.R. Sofy2, A.A. Mousa2 and E.E. Refaey2
Zainab Iftikhar, Muhammad Arif, Iqbal Munir and Sajid Ali
...ing 2017-18, significant variability (P<0.01) was observed for days to jointing and booting, the parameters related to crop duration. The overall impact was negative on the crop duration, resulting in selection of earlier lines. Although selection increased the mean value, the variability decreased for most of the parameters. Variability in Chinese hybrids reflects on the potential of s...
Kang Chen1,2, Dekui He1, Chengzhi Ding3,4, Yintao Jia1 and Yifeng Chen1*
...all;">Otolith geographic variability is investigated as a tool for fish stock discrimination. Despite increasing studies of otoliths in marine ecosystems, feasibility of otolith shape as an investigative tool in freshwater fish assemblages needs to be validated. The aim of this study was to test stocks of Gymnocypris selincuoensis that may be distinguished using otolith shape from three rivers and eight lakes in northern Tibet. Shape indices (SDs) (form...
Muhammad Nauman1, Iftikhar Ali3, Nazir Ahmad1,2*, Fazli Ahad1 and Touheed Iqbal4
...imed to estimate genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advance for quality characters in Brassica carinata L. A total of 22 genotypes comprised of six parental lines and their 16 bulked F2 populations were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications at The University of Agriculture Peshawar during 2013-14. Data were recorded on oil content, protein content, oleic acid, glucosinolates, erucic acid, and linolenic acid. Signif...
Amir Muhammad Khan1, Laila Fayyaz2*, Raziuddin2, Sajid Ali1, Israr-ud-Din1, Sheraz Ahmad2, Haidar Ali1 and Ijaz Ahmad2
Syed Rashid Ali1*, Saad Uddin Khan1 and Ahmed Raza ul Mustafa2
...ility. The exchange rate variability is a risk which may force the producers to change their production preferences. The Cobb-Douglas production function used to examine the functional association between exchange rate variability and behaviour of Pakistani rice producers. The Exchange rate volatility is measured through the Moving Average Standard Deviation and time-series data from 1981 to 2018 collected from various sourc...
Mohammad Aquil Siddiqui1*, Muhammad Mahran Aslam1, Mahboob Ali Sial1, Nighat Seema Soomro1, Muhammad Tahir Khan1, Shafquat Yasmeen1, Shumaila Sial2 and Imtiaz Ahmad Khan1
...align: justify;">Genetic variability is a prerequisite for any effective breeding program. Surhan-2012 (R00-125/14) is the mutant line that developed through mutation breeding (Gamma radiation) from Rainbow parent. Initially, the promising mutant line was selected from mutant population and advanced homozygous mutant progenies during 2004-05 for yield evaluation in zonal varietal trials and the national uniform rapeseed yield trials (NURYT). The resultant vari...
Nida Sadaqat1, Abdul Wajid2, Quratul Ain2, Muhammad Zia Akbar2, Farkhanda Manzoor4, Muhammad Sarwar Khan1, Nasir Ali3, Masroor Ellahi Babar3 and Tanveer Hussain3*
... Punjab urial showed low variability and is resemble to previous findings for wild animals. Prevalence-estimate, transmissibility, distribution, and host-range of prion disease in wild-animals remain undetermined.
... 
