Agro-Morphological Characterization and Diversity Studies of Local and Modern Rice Genotypes in the Coastal Region of Bangladesh
Agro-Morphological Characterization and Diversity Studies of Local and Modern Rice Genotypes in the Coastal Region of Bangladesh
Iftakher Alam1,2, Biswajit Das1,3*, Kazi Md. Younus Tanim1, Rafiat Zannat1,3, Amiya Das Hridoy1,4, H.M. Fahad Hossain1,4, Tarikul Islam1 and Md. Atiqur Rahman Bhuiyan1
ABSTRACT
As a primary food of majority global population, rice is essential to maintain steady and reliable production. However, soil conditions, especially in the coastal region and salinity level, pose threats to achieving optimum productivity. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate morpho-genetic variability finding an appropriate genotype in rice breeding for these regions. This study focused on evaluating the morphological differences among ten local and modern genotypes in Noakhali, a coastal region of Bangladesh, using a randomized complete block design (RCBD). ANOVA results indicated a significant variation (P ≤ 0.001) among the genotypes. The local variety (Rajashail) was relatively early maturing among all. Whereas, for the other morphological traits (number of tillers, number of effective tillers, panicle length, grains per hill and yield), comparatively modern varieties outperformed. Binadhan-10, a modern variety, showed the highest yield of 5.23 tons/ha, demonstrating superior performance in the coastal region due to its adaptability to saline conditions. In the principal component analysis (PCA), the first two PCs explained 68.01% of the total variation between genotypes. Additionally, PC1 separated high-yielding genotypes from low-yielding suggests the studied moderns are high-yielding than locals for coastal regions. These insights might help further rice breeding programs to develop a suitable variety for coastal regions.
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