Manzoor Hussain*, Miloslav Zouhar and Pavel Rysanek
...on of northern root knot nematode M. hapla and giving vigour to the plants. In laboratory experiment, L. muscarium was the most effective against nematode eggs (95.6%) and second stage juveniles (J2) (95.8%) infection. In greenhouse experiment, similar trend was found. L. muscarium proved to be more effective against M. hapla whereas S. rugosoannulata and C. rosea showed better resul...
Manzoor Hussain*, Miloslav Zouhar and Pavel Rysanek
... control sugar beet cyst nematodes Heterodera schachtii. Lecanicillium muscarium decreased nematode population significantly (P=0.05 and caused reductions in final numbers of cysts per 250 g of soil, eggs and juveniles per cyst. Nematicides effects were not quite significant among each other but had tremendous effects in reducing nematode population compared to that of untreated control. A...
Manzoor Hussain*, Miloslav Zouhar and Pavel Ryšánek
...ps. It is a cyst-forming nematode that affects plant growth and yield. We report on studies aimed to evaluate the effects of five nematophagous fungi on the population dynamics of this pest in sugar beets in laboratory and greenhouse trials. The fungi chosen were Arthrobotrys oligospora, Dactylella oviparasitica, Clonostachys rosea, Stropharia rugosoannulata, and Lecanicillium muscarium. In the laboratory experiment, S. rugosoannulata proved to be the most eff...
Manzoor Hussain*, Miloslav Zouhar and Pavel Ryšánek
...ynamics of the root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, and the nematophagous fungus, Lecanicillium muscarium, on tomato. The nematode population densities were measured by determining the number of galls and egg masses, juveniles and eggs per root system, and reproduction factor. Four initial populations (Pi) (500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 eggs) mixed with antagonistic fungal conidia levels (1×103, 1×104, 1×...
Manzoor Hussain*, Miloslav Zouhar and Pavel Ryšánek
...the control of root knot nematode, Meloidogyne hapla, through soil application under greenhouse conditions. A significant (P=0.05) reduction in the number of galls and egg masses, eggs and juveniles (J2), and the reproduction factor (Rf=Pf/Pi) was observed in the plants treated with L. muscarium compared to the control. However, all chemical nematicides were also effective in reducing the nematode infestation significantly (...
Ali Murad Rahoo1,2, Tariq Mukhtar3,*, Simon R. Gowen1, Rehana Kanwal Rahoo4 and Shaukat Ibrahim Abro5
...tion of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) depend on the use of host insects for in vivo production. As there is little information regarding relationship between nematode dosage and production of infective juveniles (IJ) of Steinernema feltiae and ability to locate hosts, therefore, in the present studies investigations were done on these aspects. A significantly greater emergence of IJ of S. feltiae from Galleria mellonella ...
Muhammad Raheel1,*, Nazir Javed2, Sajid Aleem Khan2, Hafiz Muhammad Aatif3 and Sohail Ahmed4
...cies of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) was checked on Galleria mellonella larvae. The native species included Steinernema asiaticum and Heterorhabditis indica whereas exotic species were S. feltiae and H. bacteriophora. G. mellonella larvae were exposed to 300 IJs of each species. After inoculation at different temperatures, the reproductive potential of EPNs increased with increasing temperature and was found to be the best at 25oC. No EPNs species could r...
Glomus mosseae (Gerd and Trappe) and Neemex Reduce Invasion and Development of Meloidogyne incognita
Atta ur Rehman Khan1,2*, Nazir Javed2, Shahbaz Talib Sahi2, Tariq Mukhtar1, Sajid Aleem Khan2 and Waqas Ashraf3
...;">Among plant parasitic nematodes, root knot nematodes are the major problem for vegetables including eggplant. Chemical control of nematodes is hazardous to health and causes environmental pollution by contaminating underground water. The bio-protectant potential of mycorrhizal fungus (Glomus mosseae) and neemex® (Azadirachtin) against invasion and development of Meloidogyn...
Matiyar Rahaman Khan1,*, Sabyasachi Pal2, Ghule Tushar Manohar2, Somnath Bhattacharyya3, Amit Singh4, Prahlad Sarkar5 and Samuel Lalliansanga6
...ign: justify;">Root knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) infects passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) in Mizoram, India and infected plants showed declined symptoms and poor fruit yield. Infested plants displayed stunting and yellowing and thick-root symptoms. The association of the root knot nematode species was identified based on observations on morphology of different life stages, beta-esterase phenotype and ...
M. B. Meah
Biopesticides for crop growth and crop protection
...ot by 91%. Severities of nematode and virus infection were also reduced significantly with allamanda spray. Active compounds in allamanda leaves have been separated and identified.Formulated trichoderma effectively controlled soil-borne diseases including root-knot nematode. Mahogany oil spray reduced infestation of stem borer,leaf hoppers of rice; shoot & fruit borer of brinjal and fruit flies of vegetables.Biopesticide...
B. Ramanujam, R. D. Prasad, S. Sriram and R. Rangeswaran
Mass production, formulation, quality control and delivery of Trichoderma for plant disease management
...ive effects on some root nematodes without adversely affecting beneficial microbes like Rhizobium and capable of promoting growth of certain crops. There are two major methods of inoculum production of Trichoderma spp. viz., solid state fermentation and liquid state fermentation. In solid fermentation, the fungus is grown on various cereal grains, agricultural wastes and byproducts. The solid state production is highly labour intensive and fit for cottage indu...
A. K. Chaubey and Satyandra Kumar
Bio-management of root knot nematode and root rot disease by antagonistic fungi and rhizobacteria
...suppression of root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita and wilt fungus, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici on tomato in laboratory and pot culture experiment. All the isolates were isolated by serial dilution and cultured in liquid protein supplemented broth medium and culture filtrates (CF) were prepared. In in-vitro test single eggmasses of uniform size were kept in 5ml CF in 5cm diameter Petri plates. Antifungal activity was tested by dual culture of w...
M. S. A. Mamun and M. Ahmed
Integrated pest management in tea: prospects and future strategies in Bangladesh
... such as insects, mites, nematodes, diseases and weeds. Globally 1034 species of arthropods and 82 species of nematodes are associated with tea plants. Among them 25 species of insects, 4 species of mites and 10 species of nematodes are recorded from Bangladesh. Enormous crop loss was incurred due to the attack of these pests and largely responsible for the declining productivity of tea. E...
M.A. Pendse, P.P. Karwande and M.N. Limaye
Past, present and future of nematophagous fungi as bio-agent to control plant parasitic nematodes
...the major antagonists of nematodes. They include nematode trapping fungi as well as endoparasitic fungi. For more than a century scientists are studying different facets of biology of NF including their potential as a bioagents to control nematodes. Their inconsistent success in control of nematodes in field trials, however, is enigmatic. This paper take...
Rashid Pervez, Santhosh J. Eapen, S. Devasahayam and M. Dinsha
Characterization of entomopathogenic nematode, Stein-ernema carpocapsae from ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) rhizosphere in India
...late of entomopathogenic nematode from ginger rhizosphere was collected from Faizabad district of Uttar Pradesh (India). Morphological and morphometric studies identified the isolate as Stein-ernema carpocapsae. This was further confirmed by ITS-rDNA sequences analysis. Phylogenetic was constructed for studying relationship with known isolates. Pathogenic potential of the isolate of S. carpocapsae (IISR-EPN 06) on the larva of shoot borer (Conogethes punctifer...
A. K. Ganguly and Uma Rao
Decades of researches in biochemical and molecular nematology at IARI
...ology of plant parasitic nematodes during the early seventies of last century. The main research areas were biochemical mechanism of resistance against phytonematodes and diagnostics of economically important plant parasitic nematodes. Specific isozymes have been identified for differentiating the important root knot nematodes species of India belonging ...
Muhammad Arslan Khan1,*, Sajid Aleem Khan1, Imran-ul-haq1 and Rashad Waseem Khan2
... rot fungi and root-knot nematode cause huge losses to cotton. Experiments were conducted to assess the role of fungi and root knot nematodes in root rot disease complex of cotton and to optimize their control. For this purpose fifteen cotton growing areas in Southern Punjab were surveyed in year 2013-14. Data were recorded on disease prevalence, incidence, frequency percent of root rot fungi and nem...
Ali Murad Rahoo,1,2,* Tariq Mukhtar,1,3 Shoukat Ibrahim Abro,4 Barkat Ali Bughio5 and Rehana Kanwal Rahoo6
...lity of entomopathogenic nematodes as biological control agents of specific target insects is affected by their level of infectivity and reproductive capacity. Therefore, in the present study the productivity of five entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernema feltiae, S. kraussei, S. carpocapsae, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and H. indica) were compared in Galleria mellonella larvae. The production of infe...
S. Shahid Shaukat*, Mian Sayed**, Aly Khan, M. Azhar Khan* and Babar Qazi***
...s on population of three nematode species associated with guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) and the yield of guar were investigated. The chemical nematicides and plant extracts significantly reduced the population densities of all three nematodes. Carbofuran was most effective against all the nematodes. Apart from other three treatments, Tridax procumbens emerged as an effective phytonematici...
Aly Khan* and S. Shahid Shaukat**
..."> A survey of phytonematodes associated with pomegranate was conducted encompassing 12 localities of Balochistan Province. Twelve genera were recorded from the rhizosphere of pomegranate. The most dominant species was Meloidogyne incognita. Species diversity (H’) was highest in Wadh while lowest in Ali Dasht. Equitability (J’) component of diversity was highest in Kork and lowest in Ali Dasht, while species richness (d’) component was h...
Jaime Molina-Ochoa1, 2, 6,*, Edelmira Galindo-Velasco2, Ana María Rosales-Gutiérrez2, Martín González-Ramírez3, Roberto Lezama-Gutiérrez3, Wilberth Chan-Cupul3, Steven R. Skoda4, Muhammad Irfan Ullah5, Luis Jorge García-Márquez2 and John E. Foster6
...rvey of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) belonging to the families Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae was conducted in the municipality of Tecomán, Colima, Mexico in an effort to obtain alternative controls for cattle ticks. Soil cores from grasslands were baited with last instars of the great wax moth (GWM), Galleria mellonella L., and an EPN isolate was obtained, it belonged to the genus Heterorhabditis and identified as JMO71. The ...
Hina Safdar1,*, Nazir Javed1, Sajid Aleem Khan1 and Muhammad Arshad2
...tial of entomopathogenic nematodes (Heterorhabditis bacteriophora and Steinernema glaseri) against different larval instars (2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th) of armyworm (Spodoptera litura F.) at different exposure times were evaluated. Entomopathogenic nematodes were applied at 1000 IJs/ml and larvae maintained at 25°C. Mortality was recorded upto four days. Both sp...
Muhammad Zameer Kayani1,*, Tariq Mukhtar2 and Muhammad Arshad Hussain3
... threatened by root-knot nematodes. As the damaging effects of Meloidogyne incognita have not been assessed on cucumber, therefore, the present studies report the effects of five initial population densities of M. incognita on growth and yield of cucumber and nematode reproduction. All inoculum densities caused significant reductions in growth and yield of cucumber and were found to be positively correlated wit...
Ali Murad Rahoo1,*, Tariq Mukhtar2, Ali Murad Jakhar3, Rehana Kanwal Rahoo3
...tion of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) are not yet available and the development and use of EPN mainly depends on the use of host insects such as greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella) for in vivo production. Since G. mellonella may not always be available, therefore, yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) could be an alternative host. Therefore, in the present studies recovery of two EPN (Steinernema feltiae and Heterorhabd...
Tariq Mukhtar,1,* Abdul Jabbar1, Muhammad Usman Raja1 and Humayun Javed2
...ution of wheat seed gall nematode Anguina tritici (Steinbuch) in Sargodha division of the Punjab province of Pakistan. The overall incidence of ear cockle of wheat in the division was found to be 1.2% while the overall prevalence was 27%. As regards districts, the maximum incidence was recorded in district Bhakkar followed by Khushab. Similarly, the maximum prevalence was observed in district Bhakkar followed by Sargodha while it was the minimum in dist...
Ghulam Muhae-ud-Din1,4, Anam Moosa1, Umer Farooq Ghummen1, Muhammad Jabran1, Amjad Abbas1, Muhammad Naveed2, Abdul Jabbar1 and Muhammad Amjad Ali1,3,*
...angerous plant parasitic nematode species that infects a huge number of crop plants. It also infects the ornamental plants resulting in a serious growth-limiting factor in ornamentals. In this study, the response of ten ornamental plants to M. incognita was assessed in pot experiments. All the ornamental plant species showed varying degree of infection of M. incognita. Rhapis excels and Ophiopogan japonicas were moderately resistant...
Baharullah Khattak1*, Saifullah2, Shaukat Hussain2, Musharraf Ahmad2, Asad Ali2, Mohammad Junaid2, Ijaz Ahmad Khan3, Taj Ali Khan1 and Mubbashir Hussain1
...gens including root knot nematodes (RKN). In the present studies, 15 isolates of Trichoderma harzianum were collected from different the root knot nematodes-infested tomato field of Malakand and Swat, Pakistan. These isolates were tested for their nematocidal effects against Meloidogyne javanica. Anti-J2 antagonistic test divided the isolates into 5 antagonistic groups or AGs. AG1 was observed as the most antagonistic group,...
Nadia Saeed1,Mian Sayed Khan2, Habib Ahmad3, Muhammad Abdullah4 and Muzafar Shah5,*
...ted with plant parasitic nematodes were treated with different organic amendments pigeon manure, horse dung, cow dung, duck manure and castor oil cakes at the rate of 8 Kg/tree and saw dust at the rate of 10kg/tree, respectively. Untreated trees were kept for the comparison. Soil samples and sub samples of both treated and untreated trees after 3, 6 and 12 month from Abbottabad and Mansehra by using Bearmann funnel technique. After Quantitative analysis of bot...
Muhammad Zameer Kayani1,*and Tariq Mukhtar2
.../i>.
...
Matiyar Rahaman Khan1,*, Sabayasachi Pal2, Amit Singh2, Ashok Dhananjaybhai Patel3, Bhagubhai Ambaram Patel3, Tushar Manohar Ghule2 and Victor Phani1
...tion of citrus root knot nematode (Meloidogyne indica) on the roots of citrus and Bt-cotton was found in Gujarat of India. The detection of M. indica and its diagnostic symptoms on some hosts (citrus and Bt-cotton) was recorded and the nematode species was authentically identified as Meloidogyne indica Whitehead, 1968 which was first time described on citrus from Delhi, India. The species is further char...
Manzoor Hussain*, Miloslav Zouhar and Pavel Ryšánek
...raction and repulsion of nematodes to several fungi. Of the 14 fungi tested, 11 attracted root-knot nematodes, one repelled nematodes, and two were neutral. The attraction intensity was directly proportional to time and based on the nutrients provided by the nematodes. In this experiment, the nematophagous fungi Arthrobotrys oligospora, A. superba, A....
Manzoor Hussain*, Miloslav Zouhar and Pavel Ryšánek
...nd other plant parasitic nematodes multiplied significantly more in untreated soil than in treated soil, which clearly indicated that L. muscarium effectively reduced the nematode infestation level in the soil.
...
Ali Murad Rahoo1, Tariq Mukhtar2,*, Barkat Ali Bughio3 and Rehana Kanwal Rahoo4
...ness of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) as biological control agents of specific target insects depends on their level of infectivity and reproductive capacity. Nematodes with higher levels of infectivity and reproduction within a specific target host may be more effective in controlling a particular insect under field conditions. The production of infective juveniles (IJ) from Galleria mellonella cadavers may differ...
Zafar Iqbal*, Farah Ansar, Zil-e-Huma
...yptocotyle sp.), two nematode (Capillaria sp., Camallanus sp.); two crustaceans (Argulus foliaceus and Lernaea cyprinacea,), one mollusca (Glochdium). The pathogenic fungal genera isolated were: Aspergillus, Alternaria, Penicillium, Mucor. Blastomyces, Rhizopus and Fusarium. Ten bacterial genera were also isolated; Aeromonas, Pseudomonas, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Acinetobacte...
Ali Murad Rahoo1,*, Tariq Mukhtar2, Barkat Ali Bughio3 and Rehana Kanwal Rahoo4
...ploying entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) in Pakistan can be harsh and the survival of infective juveniles (IJ) following inundative applications would be quite short. The application of EPN in cadavers may be appropriate because of the non-availability of industrially produced isolates. Therefore, in the present studies, Galleria mellonella and Tenebrio molitor were compared for invasion and production of IJ of Steinernema feltiae and H...
Muhammad Arshad Hussain1 and Tariq Mukhtar2,*
... threatened by root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.). As very little information is available on the distribution of root-knot nematodes in okra plantations, therefore, in the present studies surveys were conducted to record incidence, prevalence, and severity of root-knot nematode species associated with okra in the major vegetable growing districts of the Punjab province of Pakis...
Bata Shalangwa Ishaku1, Batim Turdam1, Maimadu Abdullahi1, Waziri Ibrahim Anjili2 and Mayowa Olabode2
...ive for gastrointestinal nematodes. A greater proportion (70.7%) of the nematodes were Strongyles followed by mixed infection of Strongyles and Parasacaris equorum (15.2%) and Strongyloides westeri (14 1%). Chi-square test and odds ratio were used to analyzed data obtained. The prevalence of the gastrointestinal nematodes was not found to be associated with factors such as sex, age and loc...
Ashfaque Ahmed Nahiyoon1,*, Shahina Fayyaz2 and Nasira Kazi2
...plant parasitic and soil nematodes associated with cotton plants in Sindh. During 2017–2018 extensive surveys were conducted at the time of cropping and at harvesting and soil root samples were collected from different fields in the cotton producing regions of five districts of Sindh viz., Sanghar, Mirpurkhas, Umerkot, Mityari and Tando Allahyar. The analysis of samples resulted in the identification of one new species of soil
Shamsudin Bojang1, Idris Abd Ghani2, Jugah Kadir1, Adamu Saidu Paiko1, Yasir Iftikhar3 and Muhammad Kamran3,4,*
... Peninsular Malaysia for nematode, Meloidogyne graminis infections on the turf grasses. Samples were collected based on the sparsely growth and chlorotic appearance of the greens. A total of 36 soils and roots sample were collected. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to identify the parasitic nematode. Both the field symptoms and SEM micrographs confirmed that the nematode ...
Tariq Mukhtar1,* and Muhammad Arshad Hussain2
...v>The Javanese root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne javanica)is becoming a serious threat to okra production in Pakistan. The damaging potential of this nematode has not been studied on resistant and susceptible okra cultivars, therefore, in the present study, the effects of six inoculum levels of M. javanica were compared on a highly susceptible cultivar of okra ‘Sharmeeli’ and a moderatel...
Aly Khan1,*, Khalil A. Khanzada1 and S. Shahid Shaukat2
...tan. A total of 13 plant nematodes were recorded. Out of these seven nematodes were encountered in only one locality. Most common species in maize fields was found to be Pratylenchus zeae that occurred in 5 out of eight localities, one-way of variance was performed for those nematodes that occurred in two or more localities. With one exception, the density differed significantly amo...
Khansa Nazir1,*, Tariq Mukhtar1 and Humayun Javed2
...ement of plant parasitic nematodes using nanoparticles can be one of the important alternatives. In the present study, the nematicidal activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) was investigated against the most destructive root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita). The maximum mortality of juveniles was recorded at a concentration of 100 mg/ml followed by 75 mg/ml of AgNP. The minimum mortality was recorded with 25 mg/...
Muhammad Tariq Adnan Khan*, Tariq Mukhtar and Muhammad Saeed
...ss damage and suppressed nematode infection considerably and therefore, recommended for cultivation in root-knot nematode infested fields to abate yield losses and repress the nematode from further multiplication.
...
Muhammad Saeed1,2,*, Tariq Mukhtar1 and Malik Abdul Rehman3
...ation dynamics of citrus nematode (Tylenchulus semipenetrans) in a production area is required for the assessment of damaging potential of the nematode to citrus, identification of key factors that influence population densities, and to devise effective management strategies. In the present study, seasonal fluctuations in the population densities of T. semipenetrans were studied in two citrus orchards naturally...
Manzoor Hussain*, Marie Maňasová, Miloslav Zouhar and Pavel Ryšánek
...ainst northern root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne hapla, on carrots in a greenhouse. All fungi and chemicals proved to be efficient in reducing the infestation level of Meloidogyne hapla and providing better growth of carrots compared to their controls. Maximum reductions in nematode population were observed in the plants treated with Lecanicillium muscarium and both chemicals. Lecanicilli...
Zelle Huma1*, Ahmad-Ur-Rahman Saljoqi1 and Farman Ali2
...collect entomopathogenic nematodes, Insect bait technique was used for Entomopathogenic nematodes collection. For this experiment, Galleria mellonella larvae were reared in the laboratory. When samples soil were collected from different regions of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa for nematodes collection G. mellonella larvae were left in sampling jar and were collected back after 2-3...
Abdul Razzaq1*, Muhammad Islam2, Zahra Islam3, Zahida Fatima1, Munib Hussain4 and Farmanullah5,6
...y;">The gastrointestinal nematodes are common pathogens in grazing sheep/goats throughout the world which impairs productivity and leads to high economic losses. In most part of the world, drug resistance against anthelmintic is now very common. In this context, various alternative control programs including herbal use against these worms is also an important option. To explore the problem, three available synthetic anthelmintic (Oxfendazole alone, oxfendazole...
Nadia Saeed1, Mian Sayed Khan2, Habib Ahmad3, Muzafar Shah4*
...ratio of plant parasitic nematodes associated with Walnut (Juglans regia L.) in different areas of Hazara Division, KP, Pakistan. Soil samples collected from walnut trees showed that Abbottabad and Mansehra had both parasitic and saprophytic nematodes whereas Kohistan had only saprophytic nematodes. Helicotylenchus sp. was found in abundance from Abbottabad and Mansehra along...
Erum Iqbal*, Nasir Mehmood, Nasira Kazi and Shahina Fayyaz
...number of plant and soil nematodes were encountered. Soil sample analysis revealed two and a known plant parasitic nematode species viz., Paratylenchus manilkarii n. sp., P. sindhicus n. sp.,and Pratylenchus kralli Ryss, 1982 as a new record species. P. manilkarii n. sp., is characterized by the lateral field with four incisures; stylet 28-29 µm long; vulval lips protruding with vulval flap;...
Ju Zhang1,2, Dong-Sheng Jia3, Shi-Hao Zhao1,2, Xiao-Liang Xie3, Hong Chen4 and Hai-Feng Li4,*
...in sir-2.1 mutant nematodes. The antioxidant activity of HGQ was investigated by determining reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, paraquat-stress survival rate, malondialdehyde (MDA) content as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities.We observed that HGQ exerted little effect on the growth of wild-type N2 nematodes at concentration < 0.6 mg/ml, and 0.05 mg/ml o...
Babar Khan1,2 *, Nazir Javed1, Sajid Aleem Khan1, Nasir Ahmed Rajput1, Muhammad Atiq1, Abdul Jabbar1, Abdul Rehman3, Anam Moosa1 and Muhammad Amjad Ali1*
...small;">Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are considered as very effective biological agents against several soil dwelling pests. The following research demonstrates the reproductive potential of EPN specie Steinernema kraussei against last instar larvae of four lepidopteran insects, wax moth (Galleria mellonella), pink bollworm(Pectinophora gossypiella), eggplant fruit borer (Leucinodes orbonalis) and armyworm (Spodoptera litura...
Sumaira Akram1, Sajid Aleem Khan1*, Nazir Javed1 and Saeed Ahmad2
Aouicha Djebroune1*, Aissa Mokabli1, Miloud Hammache2 and Gahdab Chakali2
... small;">The potato cyst nematodes (PCN) Globodera rostochiensis and Globodera pallida are considered as being redoubtable pests of potato crop and are subject to strict quarantine regulations in several countries. In Algeria, the potato crop is the most important food crop widely cultivated in different agricultural areas. In this investigation, the response of three potato varieties; Kondor, Spunta and Desiree to the evolution of populations of...
Housh Muhammad Solangi1, Javaid Ali Gadahi1*, Mansoor Tariq2, Bachal Bhutto1, Zubair Ahmed Laghari1, Jamila Soomro3, Taufeeq Ahhmed Khosa1 and Abdullah G Arijo1
...a blood sucking abomasal nematode parasite of small ruminants producing the economic losses. The present study was conducted to explore the immunogenic properties of H. contortus crude proteins (HcCP). Protein profile of HcCP was checked by SDS PAGE and immunogenic proteins were recognized by the antisera produced by using the HcCP as antigen. Infective stage of the H. contortus (L3) was used for the challenge infection. Protein band pattern rang...
Ali Asghar1*, Tariq Mukhtar1, Muhammad Usman Raja1 and Asim Gulzar2
...action between root-knot nematodes and bacterial wilt is lacking in chili, therefore, in the present study, effects of Meloidogyne javanica and Ralstonia solanacearum were studied on chili singly and in combinations. Significant effects of M. javanica and R. solanacearum and their interaction were observed in case of shoot and root lengths and weights of chili. The mean lengths and weights of shoot and root varied significantly as a...
I. Erum, K. Nasira, H. Sagir, S. Raza and Firoza, K.
Description of Discolaimus miniodontii n.sp. and Laevides hunderansis n. sp. with notes on Discolaimoides spatilabium (Nematoda: Dorylaimida) from District Ghizer, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan
...lded two new and a known nematode species of the order Dorylaimida viz., Discolaimus miniodontii n. sp. and Laevides manilkarii n. sp.; and a new report of a known species Discolaimoides spatilabium from District Ghizer, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. Discolaimus miniodontii n. sp., is characterized by having smallest odontostyle (9-10µm); relatively smaller and slender body (L=1.0-1.14mm; a= 38.5-45.8); sclerotized odontostyle, its aperture occupying 50-55...
A.N. Ashfaque1, F. Shahina1 and S. Dawar2
Diversity of nematode fauna associated with cotton fields of high temperature areas of Sindh, Pakistan
...: justify;">Diversity of nematode fauna in relation to their occurrence in high temperature cotton growing areas of Sindh by using Euclidean distance has been estimated. The fauna obtained in June2017 and June 2018 surveys of cotton fields of five Districts Sanghar, Mirpurkhas, Umerkot, Mitiari and Tando Allah Yar of Sindh where temperature in May to July raised up to 40ºC -50ºC.The data was subjected to construct the dendrogram for interpretation on...
M. Rufai1† , A. A.Wahab2 , Q. O. Adeshina1 , J. C. Umehokoh1 and O. O.Ologunro1
Occurrence of entomopathogenic nematodes in Osun State, Southwestern Nigeria
...ence of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) was determined in three senatorial districts of Osun State in relation to soil texture, vegetation, moisture and pH. A total of 110 soil samples were randomly collected from various cultivated fields in different locations. The soil samples were baited twice using last instar larvae of the Galleria mellonella (greater wax moth) for presence of entomopathogenic nematodes. Four EPN iso...
A. S. M. El-Nuby1† , S. A. Montasser2 and I. A. El-Khadrawy
Control of root-knot nematodes using wild plants colonized Sinai, Egypt
...amined against root-knot nematode (RKN). The selected seven plants viz., Artemisia judaica, A. monosperma, Bassia muricata, Cornulaca monacantha, Salsola kali and Zygophyllum album with different dilutions (25%, 50%, 75% &100%). The potent nematicidal efficacy observed in the extract of A. judaica followed by A. monosperma. In vivo trial post inoculation treatments were effective than pre one, the maximum reduction in nematode
H. Soofi†1 , N. A. Birmani1 , A. M. Dharejo1 , A. R. Abbasi2 , G. S. Ghachal1
Description of new nematode species Rhabdochona (Rhabdochona) sindhicus of genus Rhabdochona (Railliet, 1916) from Indus River Pakistan
...ign: justify;"> New nematode species of genus Rhabdochona collected form host catfishes Rita rita of Indus River, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. Collected nematodes were processes with standard method for feature research. New species Rhabdochona (Rhabdochona) sindhicus differs from other species of genus with body shape and size, buccal capsule shape, prostomal teeth arrangement, nerve ring position, 18 pairs of caudal pap...
K. Osei1† , A. I. Adama1 , E. C. Tagoe2 and J. Sackey-Asante1
Biochar effect on nematodes and insects population density, soil improvement and yield of okra
... such as plant parasitic nematodes (PPN) and foliar insects have been implicated as major constraints to okra production (Asare-Bediako et al., 2014b). The attack of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) has been reported as the most serious, widespread and alarming which causes tremendous yield losses (Hussain et al., 2011; Kayani et al., 2013; Barros et al., 2014). Flea beetle (Podagrica spp.) is the most important insect...
M. M. A Youssef and W. M. A. El-Nagdi †
Effect of some temperature changes on the population density of some plant parasitic nematode species
...
Plant parasitic nematode are known to be sensitive to some climatic changes such as temperature, and most stages of nematodes may be killed when exposed to temperatures above 40°C (Santmayer,1955). Hence, during the study, the effect of temperature changes during a year representing the all four seasons (autumn, spring, summer and winter) on the numerical fluctuations in the population density of some parasitic ...
Huma Abbas1*, Nazir Javed1,Muhammad Kamran2, Sajid Aleem Khan1, Hira Abbas3, Ehetisham-ul-Haq2, Abdul Jabbar1, Mehwish Naz1 and Ihsan Ullah4
... higher reduction in the nematode reproduction parameters was observed in all the chemicals as compared to root dip method. Efficacy of all the chemicals was also tested in microplots already infested with nematode. Significant suppression in nematode population was observed in all the tested chemicals when applied in infested microplots. The results of the present investigation suggest su...
Md. Aminul Islam1*, A.N.M. Aminoor Rahman2, Mohammad Shah Alam3 and Md. Taimur Islam4
Gastrointestinal Nematodiasis in Quail in Bangladesh
...direct smear methods and nematodes identified by the presence of characteristic eggs in the feces. Five types of nematode eggs found on different farms. The overall prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodiasis were (17.5%), which could consider relatively higher. The highest rate of infection found for Heterakis gallinarum (7%) and the lowest rate of infection found for Trichuris spp. (1.5%). A significant difference in nemat...
Zafar Ahmad Handoo1*, Mihail Radu Kantor1 and Ekramullah Khan2
Description of Seven New Species and One New Record of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes (Nematoda: Tylenchida) Associated with Economically Important Crops of Kashmir Valley, Jammu and Kashmir (Part-1 of the series)
...soil and plant-parasitic nematodes of vegetable and fruit crops of Kashmir valley, Jammu and Kashmir, seven new species and one new record of following species were recovered: Helicotylenchus siddiqii sp. nov. from soil around roots of Glycine max L. Miller, from Kashmir University Campus, Hazratbal, Srinagar, Kashmir; H. fotedariensis sp. nov. from soil around roots of Brassica oleraceae var. botrytis L. from Zadibal, Srinagar, Kashmir; H. harwaniensis sp. no...
Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi1*, Olubumi Atolani2 and Gabriel Ademola Olatunji3
Toxicity Effect of Eucalyptus globulus on Pratylenchus spp. of Zea mays
...d is largely hampered by nematode infestation, especially the Pratylenchus spp. Experiments were conducted in a screenhouse and under field conditions to evaluate the toxicity of fractions and essential oil of Eucalyptus globulus (Myrtaceae) against Pratylenchus spp. infecting Zea mays. The phytochemical basis of the plant was partly established using Infrared (IR) spectroscopy, Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), proton and carbon-13 Nuclear...
Ashraf Ismail Afia1 and Ahmed Soliman Mohmed El-Nuby2*
Soybean Genotypes Response to Root-Gall Nematode
...ceptibility to root-gall nematode (RGN), Meloidogyne incognita race 2, under greenhouse conditions. Significant differences among the genotypes resistance degrees were achieved. Substantial variations existed among the soybean genetic resources with regard to the evaluated parameters. According to reduction percentage in reproduction factor (RPRF), the tested genotypes were ranked as resistant or susceptible to challenge nematode
Muhammad Tariq-Khan1*, Syed Zanib Ali Gardazi1, Abu Daud Ahmad Khan1, Muhammad Ilyas2 and Ishaq Ahmad3,4
Virulence and Distribution Trends of Root-Knot Nematode (RKN) Fauna on Summer Vegetables in District Bagh, Azad Jammu and Kashmir (Pakistan)
...ign: justify;">Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) are important group of plant parasitic nematodes belong to genus Meloidogyne with extensive host range. A comprehensive survey study was carried out to document host and non-host plants in cultivated fields of Bagh district, Azad Jammu and Kashmir. Total of 111 vegetable fields from 82 locations of study areas was surveyed during summer 2013, 2014, 2016 and 2017. Okra, Eggplant, toma...
Wajahat Azeem1,*, Tariq Mukhtar1 and Tooba Hamid2
...-size: small;">Root-knot nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne badly affect crop production worldwide and cause huge yield losses. Among the known root-knot species, Meloidogyne incognita is by far the most destructive, widely distributed and the most dominant and prevalent. In the present study, the efficacy of a biological control agent, Trichoderma harzianum and an antagonistic plant, Azadirachta indica was tested against M. inco...
Shahid Ahmed1,2*, Huiqing Su1, Xuqian Sun1, Peng Feng1, Yongpan Chen1, Liang Yu1, Qian Liu1 and Heng Jian1
Performance of Cereal Varieties against Cereal Cyst Nematode (Heterodera avenae)
...rne pathogen cereal cyst nematode (CCN) Heterodera avenae is one of the biotic stress factors that directly affects the crop physiology from seed germination to crop maturity and limits the cereal production in different agro-ecologies of the world. In China, this pathogen is widespread in more than 20 provinces and infects the major cereal varieties and germplasm being adopted for cereal crop production annually. We tested number of cereal accessions to see t...
Atef Mohamed El-Sagheer
Status of Phytonematodes in a Main Commercial Banana Production of Upper Egypt
...r the prevalence of phytonematodes in Assiut governorate at middle of Upper Egypt. The encountered phytonematodes were identified during the survey belong to sixteen genera comprising sixteen genera belonging to nine families viz., Criconemella, Criconemoides, Ditylenchus, Helicotylenchus, Heterodera, Hoplolaimus, Longidorus, Meloidogyne, Paratylenchus, Pratylenchus, Radopholus, Rotylenchulus, Rotylenchus, Tylenchorhynchus, ...
Samreen Khan, Tabassum Ara Khanum, Nasira Kazi, Salma Javed* and Shahina Fayyaz
Description of Aphelenchoides acacia n. sp. and Aphelenchoides naurangiensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) with Observation on Aphelenchoides saprophilus Franklin, 1957 from District Lakki Marwat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
...rst record for Pakistani nematode fauna....
Majid Shahi Bajestani1, Esmat Mahdikhani Moghadam2*, Reza Aghnoum3 and Hamid Rohani2
Study of Plant Parasitic Nematodes and Description of New Record (Rotylenchus alius) Associated with Barley (Hordium vulgare L.) in Khorasan Razavi Province, Northeast Iran
...lence of Plant parasitic nematodes. In morphological and morphometrical identification 18 species were recorded belonging to nine genera. Among these species, Rotylenchus alius was found as a new record from Iran and Basiria gracilis, Boleodorus thylactus, Ditylenchus apus and Meloidogyne arenaria were reported as new host record from barley fields of Iran. Meloidogyne arenaria, was selected for detailed investigation at molecular level. Molecular traits on Me...
Mahmoud Mohamed Ahmed Youssef* and Suzan Abd-Elazeim Hassabo
The Role of Genetic Engineering in Management of Plant Parasitic Nematodes with Emphasis on Root-Knot Nematodes: A Review
... could control root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita. The development of such strains by genetic manipulation by transferring gene (s) required for saponins production is effective in increasing crop yield together with fixing nitrogen. Escherchia coli is still used as a host for the recombinant DNA technology – based industrial production of proteins and peptides to manage root-knot nematode. Mi gene resistance in...
Maria Syafiqah Ghazali1, Azlan Che’ Amat2 and Nor Azlina Abdul Aziz1*
...recovered including four nematodes (Toxocara cati, Ancylostoma spp., Toxascaris leonina, and Oxyuris sp.), a cestode (Spirometra sp.), and a protozoan (Isospora sp.). Half (n=5/10) of the large felines had mixed infections with Toxocara cati and Ancylostoma spp.
...
Javeria Afzal, Muhammad Abid, Faisal Hussain* and Alia Abbas
...luated against root-knot nematodes. Plants were collected from different areas of Karachi. Aqueous extracts (2, 6 and 10%) of these five plant species were made for the experiment. All selected plant species inhibited egg hatching and caused larval mortality. Maximum reduction (24.3%) in egg hatching was recorded in C. album stem extract at 2% concentration. The minimum reduction (0.33%) was observed in the leaf extract of A. viridis at 10% conce...
Salma Javed and Samreen Khan*
...omenon of fungal feeding nematode Aphelenchus avenae have been thoroughly examined in vitro system by ensuring Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA). Two fungal species Fusarium oxysporum and Aspergillus niger were examined for their aptitude to assist the population rate of the said species. Nematodes were collected from soil around the rhizospheres of sponge gourd (Luffa cylindrical L.) field in the vicinity of National Nematological...
Hira Soofi, Abdul Rasool Abbasi and Arifa Bhutto
...ishes for examination of nematodes and were process through standard method of temporary slide. A new species, Contracaecum malhi, were identifed in having differential diagnostic characters such as body shape and size, shape of cephalic end and its structures, ventricular shape, spicule shape and size, numbers and arrangement of caudal papillae, posterior end with 3 rectal gland and large spine at tip, genital structure of female. The name of new species Cont...
Salma Javed, Samreen Khan*, Nasira Kazi and Tabassum Ara Khanum
Zafar Ahmad Handoo1*, Mihail Radu Kantor1 and Ekramullah Khan2
...soil and plant-parasitic nematodes of vegetable and fruit crops of Kashmir valley, Jammu and Kashmir, ten new species including two new genera of following were recovered: Fotedaronema kashmiriensis gen. n. sp. nov., from soil around roots of Pyrus communis L. from Sonamarg, Parasicagutter chitwoodi gen. n. sp. nov., from soil around roots of Pyrus malus L. in Pattan, Kochinema pahalgamiensis sp. nov., from soil around roots of Brassica oleraceae from Pahalgam...
Mohammed Akinlabi Rufai1*, Abideen Akinkunmi Wahab2, Kamil Ayo Fasasi1, Quadri Olusegun Adeshina1 and Mary Tolulope Awotidebe1
...centrifugation method of nematodes extraction. The five different concentrations of H. bacteriophora were made in distilled water (µg/l); one sample not treated with nematode was served as control. Biocidal efficacy was achieved by collecting soil samples, sterilized and kept into experimental plastic plates labelled as A, B, C, D, and E. This was further divided by weight into five equal portions labelled as A1-A5, B1...
Saima Maher1,3*, Shahina Fayyaz2, Nadra Naheed3 and Zarbakth Dar1
...incognita (the root-knot nematode). The seven pure bioactive compounds have been isolated and examined, from which VA 4 and VA7 had a potential effect against M. incognita by showing 90% mortality at 0.1 g/mL after 48 hours of exposure. The LC50 0.0149, 0.1575 μg/ml of (VA4 and VA7), respectively found to be significantly effective than compounds VA5 (LC50 = 0.1575 μg/ml), VA 6 (LC50 =0.1575 μg/ml), VA2 (LC50 = 0.6269μg/ml and VA3 (LC50 = 0.25) VA1...
Aly Khan1*, Shagufta Ambreen Sheikh2, Khalil Ahmed Khanzada1, Syed Shahid Shaukat3 and Javaid Akhtar1
...ide) and carbofuran on 3 nematode populations and two bacteria associated with the rhizosphere of brinjal. The effect of the nematicides was observed on the population size of the selected nematodes and bacteria as well as the yield of brinjal crop. All three nematode populations were markedly reduced by the applied nematicides. The bacterial populations (Pseudomonas and Klebsiella) howeve...
Sagir Hussain*, Qamar Abbas, Abdur Razzaq and Sher Wali Khan
...xt-align: justify;">Cyst nematode, the Heterodera Schmidt (1871) is one of the most widely distributed and economically important plant parasitic nematode genus. During the present investigation of plant-parasitic nematode fauna from Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan, four cyst nematode species viz., Heterodera avenae Wollenweber, 1924; H. mani Mathews,1971; H....
Amira A. Mazyad1; A. A. Kheder1; Ahmed K. El-Attar1; W. Amer.2; Mahasen, H. Ismail.2; Amal, A.F.1
...y Xiphinema americanumas nematode vector or mechanically from infected strawberry plants onto 16 host species belonging to seven families. Typical leaf curling, chlorosis, vein clearing and stunting were appeared on indicator host (cucumber) 3 weeks post inoculation. Stability experiments of SLRSV showed that the thermal inactivation point was 48-62°C; the dilution end point was 10-4 to 10-6 and the longevity in vitro 10 - 18 days at room temperature. The ...
Ayu Suci Wulandari1, Siwi Indarti1,2*, Muhannad Illayan Massadeh3 and Nguyen Van Minh4
...normal;">Plant-parasitic nematodes are one of the most prominent type of pests in garlic (Allium sativum L.). To determine the influence of elevation and soil abiotic factor to abundance and diversity of plant parasitic nematode in garlic crops, this research was conducted Sampling was carried out in four locations: Brebes, Magelang, Tegal and Temanggung, Central Java, Indonesia. Samples of soil, roots and ...
Raheela Noor Memon1*, Nadir Ali Birmani1, Naeem Tariq Narejo2 and Shahnaz Rashid3
...ps, such as cestodes and nematodes were not noted. These helminths infected the gut of Cyprinuscarpio including trematode and acanthocephalan. No additional organs were found to be infected with helminths parasites. Helminths prevalence were documented as 41% in September, 40% in August, 36% in October, 33% in June, September (30.76%) and April (25%). During September and October, the helminthes were most abundant, with no infections documented in January, Feb...
Salma Javed1* and Daniyal Siddiq2
...ign: justify;">Root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) is a pest of tomato Solanum lycopersicum (L.), causing reduction in yield and quality. The use of natural plant products as biopesticides in the prevention and control of pests and diseases has been increasing. Nematicidal activity of “Black plum Syzygium cumini, leaf aqueous, ethanol and methanol extracts were investigated for managing the population of Meloidogyne javanica, in tomato. In laboratory c...
Asma Hanif* and Shahnaz Dawar
...nd 30C against root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica using hatching and mortality test at different time intervals. Notable results were noticed by Kent-20 and Santonine-43 at all tested concentrations by reducing the hatching and complete mortality of M. javanica after 96 hours, while Cina (Q) showed greater reduction in hatching and mortality at 100% concentration followed by minimum hatching of eggs when used at 75 and 50% concentrations but in case of 20...
Ilker Kepenekci1, F. Dolunay Erdoğuş2 and Adnan Tülek3*
...economy. Plant parasitic nematodes (PPN) are serious pests of several plants worldwide including straw berry. So far, no record of any plant parasitic nematode (PPN) exists detailing the species found in strawberry growing areas of Kyrgyzstan. This research aimed to provide a faunistic and taxonomic record of PPNs from soil and plant samples collected from strawberry orchards in 10 different locations in Tokmok area of north...
Mohammed Abdel-Mageed Abdel-Aziz Abdel-Mageed1, Eman Alsayed Hammad2*, Nashaat Abdel-Aziz Mahmoud1 and Anas Farag El-Mesalamy1
...tested against root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica. All the tested materials affected the survival of the nematode juveniles and egg-masses hatched depending on materials property, concentrations and solvents used in extraction. The aqueous extract had the best percentage of mortality and inhibition of egg hatching compared to the acetonic and methanolic extracts. Whereas, aqueous extracts of deadly nightshade, winter c...
Mahmoud M.A.Youssef and Wafaa M. A. El-Nagdi
...trolling plant-parasitic nematodes. Higher soil temperatures with transparent or black plastic cover reduced citrus nematode, Tylenchulus semipenetrans on navel orange and reniform nematode, Rotylenchulus reniformis on sunflower. Also, dry heat was used to control rice root nematode, Hirschmanniella oryzae on rice soil and root and wheat soil. Several in...
Christopher Oche Eche1*, Juliana Iye Oluwatayo1, Demben Moses Esang2, Paul Madina2 and Alexander Uloko1
...th eucalyptus biochar on nematodes associated with beniseed as well as their impact on yield. A total of nine treatments combinations were evaluated using a 3 x 3 factorial experiment laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in three replications. The treatments combinations consisted of single applications of sawdust and eucalyptus biochar, and mixed formulations of sawdust + eucalyptus biochar applied in powder forms at the rates of 0 t/ha, 2.5 ...
Mohamed S. Khalil
... justify;">The root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) is one of the most destructive pests to vegetable crops worldwide. Non-fumigant and/or fumigant nematicides, as well as biological agents are the most utilized tools to manage the root-knot nematodes (RKNs). Environmental and health defects were notice with using synthetic nematicides. Thus, in this work an attempt was conducted to provide alternative approach could be...
Atef El-Sagheer1*, Anas El-Mesalamy1, Abdel-Monem Anany2 and Nashaat Mahmoud1
...aused best percentage of nematode reduction (71.46%). Followed by S. roseus at (1012) (42.95 %), then in third treatment with C. albidus (103) by (40.50 %). On the other hand, all tested treatments decreased the negative effects of nematodes and enhanced growth characters of squash plants. The highest enhancement in the growth characters were recorded in treatment with P. guilliermondii filtrate at (1012)....
Sonam Khatri1, Shaheen Faizi2, Shahina Fayyaz1 and Erum Iqbal1*
...by the emergence of phytonematodes triggering huge yield losses worldwide. Traditionally, synthetic chemicals are widely and commonly used to combat nematode pests; however, the chemical poses negative impact on environment and biodiversity which create urgency in development of an alternative biosafe measure to control these pests. In this regards, researchers have focused on the use of phytopesticides which are eco-friendl...
Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi
...ation by plant parasitic nematodes most notably, the cyst nematode Heterodera sacchari. Broadly, synthetic nematicides are utilized in the suppression of soil nematode infestation of sugarcane, with positive outcome in yield. However, emergence of resistant nematode strains and health hazards are associated with the ceaseless use of the synthetics. The e...
Samreen Khan*, Salma Javed, Tabassum Ara Khanum, Nasira Kazi
...tract | Entomopathogenic nematodes are one of the perfect biological control agents against many insect pests all around the world. In this regard, to collect data about entomopathogenic nematodes regarding their presence and distribution in remote areas such as one of the southern district Lakki Marwat of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. Extensive surveys carried out in the months of October 2019 to February 2020. Total 73 soil...
Hongqun Li1,*, Liganag Xing1, Xiaoli Liu2, Yonglan Pu3, Yuqing Yang3 and Yongyao Fu1
...ase, caused by pine wood nematode, is one of the most dangerous biological hazards which leads to great economic losses and ecological damage in the invaded range. Here the geographical distribution of potential pine wilt disease was analyzed by using the Maxent model in the current and future conditions. Our results indicated that Maxent model provided satisfactory result with the AUC value of 0.871 and 0.841 for the model training and testing, respectively. ...
Irshad Ahmad1,2*
... entomopathogenic fungi, nematodes as well as adopting the regulatory methods of domestic and international quarantine. This paper provides updated information about IPM, which look like a promising paradigm that can be adopted for the control of red palm weevil....
Ahmed Abdel-Rady1,2, Walaa Mostafa3*
...ction level; the highest nematode infection level was observed in the cold months (December-April) with a prevalence of 36.44% and lowest prevalence (15.17%) in hot months (May-September) (P<0.05). Females were found to be more prone to infection (31.48%) than males (14.61%) (P<0.05). Young sheep less than 6 months old were slightly less infected (25.62%) than old animals (6-36 months) (26.25%), but the age did not affect significantly the
Doaa Khairy1, Mohamed Ali Osman2 and Fatma Abdel Mohsen Mostafa1*
...y (P<0.05) suppressed nematode population, root galling and number of egg masses. The highest nematicidal activity was performed by leaf extracts mixture of moringa, neem and canola. NPK, chlorophyll Aand B, salicylic acid, phenols and phenylalinine enzyme (PAL) in tomato leaves were significantly (P<0.05) induced by plant extracts mixture. Phytochemical analysis of aqueous neem leaf extract demonstrated the occurrence of a number of flavonoids (21) and ...
Hosny Kesba1, Ashraf Suloma2, Samy Sayed3*, Abdullah Abdel-Rahman1 and Shaimaa Diab1
...ustify;">Plant-parasitic nematodes particularly the genus Meloidogyne are a primary limiting factor in the production of many plants and is a major problem in organic systems. This study was carried out to examine the influence of irrigation with different effluent water sources, including semi-intensive tilapia pond (STP), intensive tilapia biofloc (ITB) systems, and well water (WW), on the reproduction of Meloidogyne incognita infecting eggplants7 or 45 days...
Uzochukwu Ephraim Emeto, Chukwuemeka Calistus Okolo* and Nwakaego Ernestina Nweze
... and prevalence rates of nematodes and cestodes affecting the horse population. Strongyliasis occured in epidemic proportion within the horse population in the area. This underscores the need for review of extant treatment and control programs....
Judith Kiptoo1*, Daniel Mutisya2, Paul Ndegwa1, Ruth Amata3, Lucy Irungu4 and Rotich Godfrey5
...ustify;">Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) cause major crop losses by damaging plant roots and causing reduced absorption of soil nutrient elements. A two-year survey in 2018 and 2019 was conducted in most citrus growing regions in Kenya to assess the abundance, distribution and diversity of plant parasitic nematodes from different soil rhizosphere. Nematode population in 200cc of soil and ...
Eman Alsayed Hammad and Atef Mohamed El-Sagheer
...ign: justify;">Root-knot nematodes represent one of the most important plant pathogens in most Pomegranate cultivation regions. By studying the structure of the plant-parasitic nematodes community inhabiting the rhizosphere of Pomegranate fields, it was found that Meloidogyne is the most common genus and harmful one. So, the efficacy comparative of Chitosan, Marjoram emulsion oil, Trichoderma asperellum, and Vermicompost as ...
Muhammad Anwar Ul Haq1*, Tariq Mukhtar1, Muhammad Inam-ul-Haq1 and Azeem Khalid2
...ic restraints, root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp. are economically very important and cause losses to the tune of $ 125 billion per year throughout the world. The present studies were aimed to evaluate 21 eggplant genotypes against the most destructive nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, under greenhouse conditions. Of all the genotypes/varieties of eggplant, Janak and Pala were found resistant and moderately resistant to M....
Tabassum Ara Khanum, Nasir Mehmood* and Shahina Fayyaz
...e known free-living soil nematode species, Neorhabditis andrassyii n. sp., and Poikilolaimus oxycercus which represents a new record of this species from Pakistan. Neorhabditis andrassyii n. sp. is characterized by having male (1109-1222) µm long body, spicules 32-44 µm long, gubernaculum slightly curved, boat shaped with flat distal end eight pairs of bursal papillae were present. Tail (46-68) µm long conical with fine tip, leptoderan bursa....
Eman Alsayed Hammad1* and Mahmoud Mohamed Hassanin Hasanin2
...9 g/plants for root-knot nematode infected plants, respectively, compared to 2.7 and 4.4 g/plants for F. oxysporum infected plants....
Erum Iqbal*, Firoza Kazi and Saboohi Raza
...ustify;">Plant-parasitic nematodes are potential pests of agricultural crops including wheat and cause quantitative and qualitative loss to crop production worldwide. They cause serious damage to many important agricultural crops and add to the problem of food security worldwide. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most important economic cereal crop in the world and Pakistan stands in eighth position in global wheat production. The wheat crop is susceptible t...
Ghassan Zahid1, 2*, Sara Iftikhar3, Muhammad Umer Farooq4 and Shakeel Ahmed Soomro5
...s, certain pathogens and nematodes, market devaluation and access, urbanization, poor gardening, poverty climate change, small landholdings, exogenous factors and managerial decisions, etc. So, to counter these fruit yield declining factors the use of advanced molecular markers is a handy option for the improvement of the fruit germplasm in Pakistan. Additionally, they also have diverse applications in the area of genetic diversity, varietal identification stu...
Aiman Batool1, Muhammad Sohail Sajid1,2*, Hafiz Muhammad Rizwan3**, Asif Iqbal4, Imaad Rashid5, Ibadullah Jan6, Faiza Bano7, Fiaz Ahmad8, Waqas Ahmad1, Muhammad Nisar Khan1
...31%). In the study area, nematodes (sheep = 48.43%, goat = 34.38%), babesia (sheep = 17.71%, goat = 3.91%) and ticks (goat = 48.70%; sheep = 39.58%) were prevalent significantly (P < 0.05). However, the association of extrinsic factors like tehsils with the prevalence of ectoparasites was non-significant (P > 0.05) in the sheep and goat population. The present study provides useful data on the prevalence and association of various intrinsic and extrinsic...
Faiza Saleem1, Aly Khan2*, Rafia Rehana Ghazi3, Nasira Khatoon1, Samina Waheed1, Mian Sayed Khan4
Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi
...zation. The reduction in nematode population in the screenhouse and field signifies that fractions from M. indica could be employed in place of the environmentally undependable synthetic nematicides, while encouraging a sustainable and safe environment in tomato cultivation....
Rizwana Abdul Ghaffar* and Kamil Nadeem
...hem. The majority of the nematode parasites that inhabit the body of the pigeon reside in the intestine. Nematodes are the worms that inhabit the intestines either by making coils in the tunnels of the intestine or by attaching themselves to the mucosal layers. This causes severe pathogenicity in the intestine as a result the pigeon shows signs and symptoms of illness. Pathological studies of tissues from infected intestine ...
Saima Mehar1 and Salma Javed2*
...population of root- knot nematodes....
Makhamadi Abramatov1*, Abdurakhim Kuchboev2, Bakhtiyor Ruziev3 and Khumoyun Sobirov2
...sity of gastrointestinal nematodes in domestic ruminants of Uzbekistan. Nematodes were collected from the gastrointestinal tract of 611 small ruminants and 105 of cattle during the 2018-2020 in the farms of in Uzbekistan. These nematodes represented 28 species, including sheep - 25, goats - 21 and, cattle – 22 of these 27 species belonged to in are geohelminthes, and only 1 species w...
Indyah Aryani 1,3*, Suyadi Suyadi2, Hartutik Hartutik2, Kuswati Kuswati2
...cattles were infected by nematode worm as follows: Oesophagostomum sp., Cooperia sp., Capilaria sp., Ostertagia sp, and Moniezia sp) while, 14 Madura cattles infected by trematode worms (Fasciola sp and Paramphistomum sp). The prevalence of gastrointestinal endoparasite was found as follows: Cooperia sp. 31%, Fasciola sp. 12%, Oesophagostomum sp. 6%, Moniezia sp. 4%, Paramphistomum sp. 2%, Capilaria sp. 2%, and Ostertagia sp. 2%. To sum up, endoparasite infec...
Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi
...tables and resistance of nematodes to the currently used nematicides. This has prompted the evaluation of medicinal plants as probable sources of nematicides. A study was conducted in the screenhouse to evaluate the nematicidal potential of Tridax procumbens and Sida acuta (weeds) on root knot nematodes Meloidogyne incognita infesting lettuce and carrots. T. procubmens and S. acuta was applied as soil amendment (400, 600 &am...
Yasemin Yıldırım Meşepınar and İlker Kepenekci*
...are the entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) in the families Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae. This study assessed the effects of EPNs (Nematoda: Steinernematidae) species [Steinernema feltiae (Balıkesir isolates) and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Çanakkale isolates) (Nematoda: Heterorhabditidae)] detected in our country (Turkey) against the larvae and pupae of P. operculella in greenhouse-pot experiments. S. feltiae was the most effective killing ...
Reza Aghnoum*, Hamid-Reza Sharifi, Masoud Ghodsi and Ahmad Zare Fizabadi
... on non-plant pathogenic nematodes is not well understood. This study was carried out to determine the effect of CA on population density of fungivorous (Aphelenchus avenae) and free-living nematodes under four crop rotation patterns. The experiment was arranged as a split plot in randomized complete block design with three tillage systems (conventional tillage, minimum tillage and no-tillage) as the main plots and three lev...
Md. Aminul Islam1*, SM Mostafizur Rahaman Sumon1, ANM Aminoor Rahman2, Fahima Khatun3
... five different types of nematodes were observed in all the investigated dairy farms. The highest infection rate (11.76%) and the lowest infection rate (4.71%) was found for Neoascaris spp. (Toxocara spp.) and Fasciola spp., respectively. Hemonchus spp. were fully (100%) susceptible to Ivermectin, Fenbendazole, and Levamisole. Neoascaris spp. were shown 33.33% and 16.67% resistant against Ivermectin and Fenbendazole, respectively. The Fasciola spp. was 66.67% ...
Abdurakhim E. Kuchboev1*, Mehmonjon Kh. Egamberdiyev2
...p;...
Nourhan M.M. Hassnin, Ali H.H. Ali and Hosny H. Kesba*
...ied in their reaction to nematode infection. Rootstock, 6001 F1 reduced significantly nematode parameters meanwhile BS F1 was insignificant. Levels of ClabZIP59 and ClabZIP52 genes expression were upregulated significantly in nematode infected treatments compared to the check. Root exudates of Aswan F1/6001 F1 (HR) and Aswan F1/BS F1 (MS) cultivars were analyzed by GC/MS/MS and revealed th...
Huma Abbas1*, Nazir Javed1, Muhammad Kamran2, Sajid Aleem Khan1, Abdul Jabbar1, Akhtar Hameed1, Hira Abbas3, Azhar Iqbal2 and Ehetisham-ul-Haq2
...development of root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita and the growth of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants. Tomato seedlings were transplanted in sterilized soil amended with Cartap, Virtako, Cure and Azadirachtin at their recommended doses and inoculated with 500 freshly hatched juveniles (J2s) of M. incognita. Data were recorded after 7, 14, 21 and 28 days to check the invasion and development stages. All the treatments significantly reduced invasion an...
Wafaa M.A. El-Nagdi1, Ahmed E.A. Mahgoob2, Mahmoud M.A. Youssef1*, Entesar H. Taha2, Mona M.S. Zayed3 and Nora R.A. Saleh1
...controlling of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (Ne) on eggplant as influenced by time of addition. The obtained results proved that, the tested isolates adversely affected reproduction of root-knot nematode, M. incognita, either when bacterium was added before, after or at the same time with Ne inoculation. On the basis of the average overall percentages nematode reduction, bacte...
Rubab Malik, Nasira Khatoon* and Samina Waheed
...nd out the prevalence of nematode parasites in different birds of Karachi, Hyderabad, Jacobabad and to find out the histopathological changes caused by Heterakis gallinarum in the intestine of common quail. The overall prevalence of nematodes parasitic infection was 7.48% while the overall intensity was 9.62. The histopathological study revealed complete destruction of villi and crypt glands. The intestine showed heavy infil...
Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi1*, Mariam Temitope Baker2 and Gabriel Ademola Olatunji2
... infested with root-knot nematodes (RKNs), thus reducing yield and expected income. Principally, synthetic nematicides are employed in the management of RKNs on agricultural fields. The synthetics are confronted with a web of regulations on account of their unhealty negative effect on humans and the environment. Plant protection is primarily saddled with replacing the synthetics. A promising technique is the application of bio-pesticides. Organic fatty acid es...
S. Samina and Y.I. Erum†
...rsity of plant parasitic nematodes at different locations of Kurram Agency, Pakistan. For this purpose, surveys were conducted and 150 samples of root and soil were collected from different locations of Kurram Agency. The detail morphological and taxonomical studies revealed a total of 26 species of plant parasitic nematodes belong to 17 genera, 13 families, 15 subfamilies and 3 orders while free-living soil
M. M. A. Youssef† and W. M. A. El-Nagdi
...ion density of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita was studied under screen house conditions. It was found that there is a positive correlation between eggplant density and population density of root-knot nematode, M. incognita in roots i.e., when number of plants in the same pot increased (1-4 plants/pot), a higher number of nematode juveniles in plant roots occurred. Thus, plant de...
S. F. A. Awad-Allah 1 and M. S. Khalil 2
...of galls, egg-masses and nematode final populations. The most potent materials in reducing the numbers of M. incognita in banana soil, in a descending order, were: fenamiphos, Nemaless®, vermicompost and vermicompost tea (VCT)....
W. M. A. El-Nagdi1†, M. M. A.Youssef1, H. Abd-El-Khair1, M. M. M. Abd Elgawad1 and M. G. Dawood2
...n average percentages of nematode reduction, P. fluorescens (Pf) achieved (89.0%) followed by the combined treatments of Pf+Bs (88.5%) and Pf + Bs + Bp (86.3%) as compared to untreated positive and negative controls. As for cowpea vegetative growth, the highest plant growth increase (69.0%) was observed in combined treatment of Bs+Bp followed by 55.6% in single treatment of Pf and the least plant growth was obtained in combined treatment of Pf + Bs + Bp (54.8%...
H. M. Hassan† and S. A. Ibrahim
...cies of entomopathogenic nematodes, Steinernema carpocapsae and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora were tested against cotton leaf worm Spodoptera littoralis. All tested insecticides caused less mortality to the tested entomopathogenic nematodes. Magic smart significantly surpassed other insecticides causing the mortality of 11.6 and 13.8 % to the entomopathogenic nematodes S. carpocapsae and H...
S. Ahmed†, Q. Liu and H. Jian
A. Beyan1, A. Seid†2 and H. Shifa1
...average yield. Root-knot nematodes and Fusarium wilt are among the most economically important pathogens of tomato. A study was initiated with the objectives of determining the interaction effect of M. javanica (MJ) and F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL) disease complex and evaluating the response of selected tomato genotypes against this disease complex under glasshouse condition. A glasshouse experiment was laid out in a factorial randomized design with 1...
N. Hajra
...AM) fungi with root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita and their effect on carbon and nitrogen metabolism of Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standley, a mycorrhizal plant of family Cucurbitaceae. Biochemical analysis including carbon and nitrogen profiles was taken into account.The estimation of carbon profile comprising of carbohydrate, glucose, sucrose and total soluble sugars and nitrogen profile comprising of proteins, amino acids protease and proline. Resul...
A. Ghasemzadeh1, S. Jamali1†, M. Esfahani2 and H. Pedramfar1
...iotic stresses caused by nematodes create restrictions in plant growth. In this article, the physiological effects of root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita Race 2) stress was assessed on photosynthetic fluorescence attributes in two tomato cultivars, Falat Y as a susceptible, and Gina VF as a tolerant cultivar. The experiment was done in a completely randomized split plot design under greenhouse conditions with four
R. Hadadfar1, E. Mahdikhani-Moghadam2†, S. Baghaee2 and M. S. Bajestani1
...on ice to laboratory and nematodes were extracted by centrifugal methods. Psilenchus species were identified on morphological and morphometrical characters based on recent valid keys. Seven species from Psilenchus genus were identified viz., Psilenchus curcumerus, P. aestuarius, P. iranicus, P. hilarus, P. bilineatus, P. pratensis and P. bahiablancae of which P. bilineatus, P. pratensis and P. bahiablancae are new reports of these species for Iranian
H. M. Hassan, M. M. Tantawy*, A. M. Younes and M. O. Sayed
...lence of plant parasitic nematodes in Maghagha, Samallot, Minia and Abokorkas Districts of Minia Governorate. Soil and root samples were collected during fruiting seasons of grapevine in 2012 and 2013. The nematodes encountered were identified as Meloidogyne spp., Helicotylenchus spp., Longidorus spp., Pratylenchus spp., Tylenchulus semipenetrans and Hoplolaimus spp. Community analysis of these plant parasitic
S. Miheret1, A. Seid2† and N. Hailu3
... management of root-knot nematodes under farmer’s field conditions....
I. K. A. Ibrahim1, Z. A. Handoo 2†, A. M. Zid1 and M. R. Kantor2
...ltivars to the root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne arenaria (Ma), M. incognita race 1 (Mil) and/or M. javanica (Mj) was determined in green house studies. The results showed that the cotton cvs Giza 77, Giza 85, Giza 88, Giza 89 and sesame cvs Shandwil 1 and Toshka 1 were resistant (R) to the tested nematode species. On the other hand, six flax cultivars were tested, among them Giza 1 and Giza 5 were susceptible (S) to all the t...
W. M. El-Nagdi,1†, Z. , E. Ghareeb2 and E. M. Zayed3
...rally infected root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita during the 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 seasons in Nubaria region, El-Behera Governorate, Egypt. Highly significant differences among the genotypes were detected for all studied traits except for fresh foliage weight. The relative susceptibility to root-knot nematode parameters (gall index, gall size, gall area and damage index) indicated that two fodder beet genotypes Beta...
A.H. Choshali1, S. Rezaee2, S. Jamali3, H. Reza3, Zamanizadeh4 and F. Rejali5
...osseae against root knot-nematode Meloidogyne incognita were studied. Mycorrhizal plants which pre-colonized for 7 weeks inoculated with 1500 J2 per 1 kg soil. The quantitative activity of chitinase and ß 1, 3 glucanase enzymes was assessed on 2, 4, 6 and 8th days after M. incognita inoculation based on split- plot in time design. Also the results showed that AMF pre-inoculation caused a significant decrease in RKN pathogenicity factors (number of galls,...
L. Yue, S. Ahmed†, Q. Liu and H. Jian
...agement of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne icognita was investigated along with a nematicide Fosthiazate on tomato susceptible cultivar cv. Baiguoqiangfeng. The S. rubrogriseus culture filtrates (CF) showed maximum mortality of second stage juvenile (J2) followed by Bacillus sp., at 12 h and 24 h duration of exposure time as compared to the control treatment containing medium (L.B). In the green house experiments Fosthiazate had significant increased the ro...
F. Shahina†, K. Nasira, K. Firoza and Y. I. Erum
...ine and entomopathogenic nematode species described and reported during last sixty nine years (1952-2019) from Pakistan. The information compiled in this paper came gradually from many and diverse sources. It is the product of the efforts of several authors who contributed to gather knowledge on the biological diversity through systematics and faunistic studies. Information published in different scientific journals, newsletters, reports, book chapters, books ...
M. Israr1†, M. Habib1 and K. Nasira2
...ces. The plant parasitic nematodes were extracted from soil samples by Cobb’s sieving and decanting method (Cobb, 1918) followed by modified Baermann technique (Baermann, 1917). After processing, the nematode genera and species were identified (Siddiqi, 2000). Tylenchorhynchus usmanensis is reported from the first time from Pakistan is briefly redescribed and illustrated....
Y. Danso†, J. Adomako, K. Osei and B. Abugri
Hira Anwar1, Muhammad Jabran1,3, Anam Moosa2, Usman Arshad2, Abdul Haseeb1, Abdul Jabbar1, Muhammad Burhan4, Amjad Abbas1, Muhammad Naveed5 and Muhammad Amjad Ali1*
...ustify;">Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are a serious threat to food security. Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) are important plant parasitic nematodes that affect vegetable crops worldwide including okra. Among the RKNs, Meloidogyne incognita [(Kofold and White) Chitwood] is one of the major constraints to okra production. In this study, the effect of different bacterial strains i.e., Bacillu...
E. Mahdikhani-Moghadam†, J. A. A. Bub, S. B. Chery and S. Alvani
...>...
S. Aatika, K. Nasira and F. Shahina†
...study of plant parasitic nematodes, the following species of nematodes were encountered from maize and
its adjoining crops from Punjab, Pakistan. New species Filenchus maqbooli n. sp., characterized by small body with
short stylet and tail long, filiform has been described. Five new record species of plant parasitic nematodes viz.,
A. M. Rahoo1, 2, †, T. Mukhtar3, B. A. Bughio4, S. R. Gowen1 and R. K. Rahoo5
...ing relationship between nematode dosage and infective juveniles (IJ) production are
available for Steinernema affine. Therefore, in the present study the effect of inoculation doses of S. affine and
extraction methods was investigated on the production of IJ in Galleria mellonella. There was significantly greater
emergence of IJ of S. affine from the Galleria mellonella using White traps than with modified Baermann extracti...
M. S. Bajestani1, K. Dolatabadi2†, E. Mahdikhani-Moghadam1
... sativa L.) on root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica @ 1500, 2500 and 5000
juveniles were studied on susceptible tomato cv. Karoon under greenhouse condition. Although all the treatments
reduced root infections rate and significantly effect on root weight (P ≤ 0.05). It was observed that when the
nematode inoculum increased, reproduction factor also increased while extract treatments...
S. A. Montasser1†, N. A. Mahmoud2, A. F. El-Mesalamy2 and M. A. A. Abdel-Mageed2
...eloidogyne javanica. The nematode
species succeeded in developing and multiplying on almost all the tested crops. According to rating scale
based on nematode reproduction, Lencoln and Victory cultivars of pea were considered as highly susceptible
hosts with (Rf) values 36.5 and 25.68 folds, respectively. While Maser-1 cultivar of broad bean and Bronco,
Exira, Giza-6, Polista an...
A. S. A. Saad1, M. A. Radwan2†, H. A. Mesbah1, H. S. Ibrahim3 and M. S. Khalil3
...r managing the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita in tomatoes based on number of galls per
root system, number of egg-masses, eggs per egg-mass and number of juveniles (J2) in the soil as well as plant
growth characteristics. All nematicidal treatments reduced the incidence of root-knot nematodes when compared
with the untreated check. However, fenamipho...
A.M. El-Baha1, A. A. El-Sherbiny2†, M. Z. M. Salem1, N. Shaarawy3 and N. H. Mohamed3
...st root-knot
nematode, Meloidogyne incognita under laboratory conditions. All concentrations significantly inhibited egg
hatching (31.24–66.35%) and mortality of second stage juvenile. Inhibition of egg hatching (%) and mortality (%) of
J2 were increased linearly with increasing concentration of EOs. Corymbia citriodora EO was more effective than
E. camaldulensis in inhibiting egg hatchability and suppressi...
J. Salma, K. Nasira, M. Saima and F. Shahina†
...tively.
...
I. K.A. Ibrahim1, Z.A. Handoo2† and A. B. A. Basyony1
...or the detection of cyst nematodes. The results showed
the prevalence of nine cyst nematode species associated with different crop plants: Heterodera avenae on wheat, H.
daverti and H. trifolii on Egyptian clover, H. leuceilyma on Bermuda grass, H. lespedezae on lentil, H. goldeni on
qasabagrass, H. schachtii on cabbage and sugar beet, H. zeae on corn and wheat and Globodera rostochiensis ...
M. Behdani1†, F.J. Afshar2, M.R. Mirzaee1
...th root-knot
nematode. On the basis of perineal pattern the nematode was identified as Meloidogyne javanica and is the first
report on B. vulgaris in Iran.
...
K. A. Tabassum,† J. Salma and H. Sagir
C. C. Famina1†, A. Usman2 and M. K. M. Nasser1
...ities of plant parasitic nematodes in soil
samples associated with banana (Musa paradisiaca), a survey was conducted in the Kondotty Taluk of Malappuram
district, Kerala, India. A total of 12 genera of nematodes including six commonly occurring nematodes in the banana
rhizosphere, three new records from banana and one new uni...
Mutala’liah, S. Indarti † and N. S. Putra
...th BP 42 variety i.e. 27 nematodes per 100 ml of soil and 60 nematodes per 10 g of roots, respectively.
Relationship between pH and soil temperature with population abundance was negative correlation whereas soil
moisture and organic matter had positive correlation. Vertical distribution of Pratylenchus sp. in all fields on
Excelsa coffee, BP 308 and BP 42 variety were detected in < 30 ...
M. A. Radwan†, M. M. Abu-Elamayem, S. A. A. Farrag and N. S. Ahmed
...re effective in reducing nematode
galls than soil drench application. Foliar application of ASA caused superior effect in the reduction of J2 in soil (100
%) followed by AA (89.44 %), OA (88.25 %) and SA (70.69 %). CA (96.52 %) was tended to be the most effective
chemicals in reducing J2 in soil when applied as soil drench. All treatments enhanced shoot and root length of tomato
as well as shoot weight compared w...
M. Bajestani1†, E. Moghadam2 and K. Dolatabadi3
...ties ten plant parasitic nematodes
species were identified on morphological and morphometrical characters viz., Boleodorus thylactus, Filenchus
cylindricaudus, Geocenamus tenuidens, Irantylenchus clavidorus, Merlinius brevidens, M. communicus, M.
pistaciei, Neopsilenchus magnidens, Pratylenchus neglectus and Zygotylenchus guevarai. Among these species M.
communicus and M. pistaciei ar...
Istkhar† and A. K. Chaubey†
...) placed the
nematode in bicornutum group and differentiated from other compared Steinernema spp. The morphological
characters of 3rd stage infective juveniles and 1st generation males showed close resemblance with S. abbasi, S.
thermophilum and S. pakistanense however, the body length was varied (583mm vs 541mm, 555 mm and 683 mm,
respectively). The morphometrical characters and life history events placed the pr...
K. Nasira, S. Shamim and F. Shahina†
...div>In the present study nematodes were selected as bio-indicators for these pollutants at eight localities of Sindh, which
are Malir, Karachi; Kalri (Keenjhar) Lake, Thatta; Karachi Canal and Al-Manzar at River Indus near Jamshoro;
Goth Detha Hyderabad; Khesana Mori near Tandojam; Mirpurkhas and Jamesabad (Kot Ghulam Mohammad).
Samples from different sources of freshwater viz., river, lake, cana...
E. Yavuzaslanoglu1†, U. Gozel2, C. Gozel2 and M. Aydogdu3
... of the entomopathogenic nematodes in apple growing areas in
Karaman province, Turkey and their efficacy on Galleria mellonella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Soil samples were
collected from 130 apple orchards in April 2012 and 2013. Entomopathogenic nematodes were found in 25 samples
(19.23%). Entomopathogenic nematodes species isolated: Heterorhabditis bac...
H. Ravindra1, N. Adivappar2, M. Sehgal3 D. M. Soumya4 and H. B. Narasimhamurthy4
...div>
prevalence of nematode. Heavy infestation of root-knot nematode was observed on coriander with small to big sized
galls or knots on the roots. Soil and root samples were collected for analysis of nematode infestation. Coriander
plants also exhibited poor growth showing stunting and chlorosis due to severe infestation. This is the first report of
R. Singh1† and R. Z. Sayyed2
... infected with root-knot nematode Meloidogyne
incognita. Histochemistry of the roots revealed an increase in protein, nucleic acids (RNA and DNA) and
amylodextrin (hydrolyzed starch) concentration in the infected regions as compared with normal healthy sections.
Protein localization found more pronounced at the sites of infection of M. incognita viz., cortical cells, giant cells,
abnormal xylem, medullary region ...
D. A. Darban1†, S. R. Gowen1, B. Pembroke1 and F. Hussain2
A. M. Rahoo1,2,†, T. Mukhtar3, S. R. Gowen2, B. Pembroke2 and M. A. Rahu4
...iv>...
M. M. A. Youssef† and W. M. A. El-Nagdi
...ion density of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita on subsequent common dry bean
(Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Treatments were made by removing whole plant or cutting sugar beet above the surface of
soil in each pot 6, 12, 18, 24, 30 and 36 days after nematode inoculation. The population density of root-knot
nematode as indicated by the number of galls ...
A. M. Khan1,†, S. Naz1 and M. Abid2
...naturally occurring soil nematode namely Meloidogyne
javanica anti fungal activity against Fusarium moniliforme and Rhizoctonia solani and fertilizing potential on okra
Abelmoschus esculentus. It was observed that the soil sample which was mixed with algal powder supported the
growth of the okra plant and proved that the alga under investigation possessing some level of fertilizing potential.
...
A. Jabbar, N. Javed†, A. Munir1, S. A. Khan and H. Abbas
I. K. A. Ibrahim1 and Z. A. Handoo2†
...es in Egypt.
...
A. M. Rahoo1,*, †, T. Mukhtar2, S. I. Abro3, S. R. Gowen1 and B. A. Bughio4
... use of entomopathogenic nematodes
(EPNs) is among the viable alternatives. The successful management by EPNs is dependent on their establishment in
soils, infectivity, persistence and pathogenicity for longer periods. In the present study, emergence of Steinernema
feltiae infective juveniles (IJs) from infected Galleria mellonella cadavers was monitored under moist and dry
conditions at 5 and 10oC. Greater numbe...
I. K. A. Ibrahim1, M. A. EL-Saedy2, S. F. A. Awd-Allah3 and Z. A. Handoo4, †
...interactions of the cyst nematodes Heterodera daverti, H. goldeni and H. zeae with the root-knot nematode
Meloidogyne incognita on rice (Oryza sativa) cultivars 'Giza 178' and Sakha 101' were studied in the greenhouse.
Inoculation with H. goldeni alone or one week before inoculation with M. incognita on rice cv. Sakha 101
resulted in a significant increase in the number of cysts of H. gold...
Y. I. Erum and F. Shahina†
...onse against cereal cyst nematodes Heterodera avenae, through Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA
(RAPD) technique. A total of 589 bands were generated using 14 primers with an average of 28.8 bands/genotype. Maximum
percentage of polymorphic loci was 92.86% for genotype TJ-83. Inferences have been made regarding bioassay and
molecular characterization that the most diverse and resistant genotype against CCN was Moomal-2002 as ...
A. Sattar1, †, A. Khan2, N. Khatoon1 and A. Mujahid3
.../div>
methods. The nematode parasites namely; Raphidascaris acus (Bloch, 1779) larvae, Metabronema magnum (Taylor,
1925), Haplonema immutatum (Ward et Magath, 1917) and Hedruris bryttosi (Yamaguti, 1935) were recorded from
the gut of the catfish, Arius arius (Hamilton, 1822). These are new host records as these parasites have not been
reported from Arius arius species in the region, off the Karachi coast.
...
K. Nasira† and S. Shamim
...stimation on fresh water nematode community structure from various
water sources (river, lakes, canals, ponds, reservoirs and irrigation sources: tube well and tanks) and evaluation of
feeding categories at eight collecting sites of Sindh. After analysis it was found that different parameters of
community structure of fresh water nematodes varied considerably at different surveyed sites. <...
M. S. Yasir†, A. K. Sajid, N. Javed and M. Ghani
.../div>
of root-knot nematodes. During the survey, a total of 160 root samples were collected from different localities and
cultivars of date-palm. The maximum prevalence was recorded from locality Nouroz Kalat (100%) and the
minimum prevalence recorded was (20%) from Totazai and Raskoh. The incidence, as well as severity varied in all
the cultivars. The maximum severity and incidence of root...
A. M. Korayem1†, M. M. M. Mohamed1 and S. M. El-Ashry2
... infested with root-knot nematode Meloidogyne arenaria
was estimated during two successive seasons. Severity of nematode infestation (damage) was assayed at harvest
stage as root-gall indices (GI) based on scale of 1-6 (1= no infection and 6= 100% root galling). In the first season
(2014-2015) relationship between nematode damage and yield of broad bean ...
M. M. A. Youssef1†, Wafaa M. A. El-Nagdi1, and Mona G. Dawood2
...or controlling root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita on cowpea in screen house. On the basis of the average
percentages nematode reduction, mashed storage roots at the highest rate (20g) achieved 85.1% increase followed by
dry leaves at the same rate caused the reduction 81.6%. Average nematode reduction (79.5%) was caused by using
fresh leaves of su...
A. A. Galal1,2, S. F. Abou-Elwafa1,3, F. J. Kopisch-Obuch1 and C. Jung1
...ants against root lesion nematode (RLN) had
been standerdized. The plants were grown in 150 cm³ instead of 20 cm³ tubes and we increased the inoculum size
from 400 to 1000 nematodes/plant in combination with a nutrient solution better adapted to the barley crop. Six
barley accessions were tested with Pratylenchus neglectus and Pratylenchus penetrans. Tests were evaluated 7, 8, 9,...
Ahmed S.M.H. EL Roby
...mopathogenic
nematodes (EPNs) against sugarcane mealybug Saccharococcus sacchari under laboratory conditions (27 ± 2 °C,
RH 65 ± 10%). The EPNs used in the study are Steinernema sp. (strain: AT4), Steinernema sp. (strain: EMB),
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (strain: EKB20), Heterorhabditis sp. (strain: EIK) and Steinernema glasri (strain:
New Jersey). The bioassays were carried out on Petri dish...
I. Kepenekci1†, S. Toksöz2, T. Atay1 and I. Saruhan2
...cies of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) (Steinernema feltiae, S. carpocapsae and Heterorhabditis
bacteriophora) isolated from Turkey [S. feltiae (Aydin isolate), S. carpocapsae (Black sea isolate), H. bacteriophora
(Aydin isolate) and H. bacteriophora (Çanakkale isolate)] and from Kyrgyzstan [S. feltiae(KG3) and H.
bacteriophora (KG81)] were tested for the control of black timber bark beetle, Xylosandrus germanus (B...
Fawzia, I. Moursy1, Amira, Sh.Soliman1, A. E.M. Khalil2,Samaa, M. Shawky2 and A. A. Taher2 †
...nts to control root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita on cucumber. Seasonal
fluctuation of the root-knot nematode M. incognita was studied on two cucumber cultivars (Madia and Slaprty)
during the period from March to November in seasons 2015/2016 and 2016/2017. Soil population increased
gradually on two cultivars during spring and throughout summer to reach peak in August began to decrea...
A.W. Aseffa1, F. F. Addisu2, G. N. Roge3, L. T. Hadis4, T. B. Abera5, M. G. Gero6 and B. H. Meressa1†
M. M. A. Youssef †and Wafaa M. A. El-Nagdi
...or controlling root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita on eggplant under screen house conditions. Three solutions of yeast and sucrose (as a bio-fermenter) at different yeast concentrations (1, 2 & 3% yeast) + a fixed concentration of 2% sucrose and three solutions of sucrose and yeast at different sucrose concentrations (2, 3 & 4% sucrose), a fixed concentration of 2% yeast were applied. The results indicated that there was a positive correlation (R...
I.K.A. Ibrahim1 and Z. A. Handoo2†
...thogenicity of root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita race 1(Mi1) and race 3 (Mi3) on rice (Oryza sativa L.) was studied in the greenhouse. Seventeen rice cultivars were tested for resistance to Mi1 and Mi3. The results showed that rice cvs Araby, Giza 159, Giza 170, Giza 171, Giza 172, Giza 177, Giza 178, Nahda, Sakha 101 and Sakha 102 were either susceptible or highly susceptible to Mi1. Rice cvs A95, IR1, IR22 and Japonica 47 were moderately susceptible t...
S. Fatemy†1 and H. Ghasemi2
...hatching response of the nematodes to root diffusates of these cvs was also investigated. Disinfected cysts of G. rostochiensis were placed in root diffusates and the numbers of hatched second stage juveniles (J2) were counted weekly over a 6-week period. Pots were planted with a single sprout of each cv. and the soil was inoculated with a suspension of 400 freshly hatched J2. There was a significant difference in the numbers of J2 that had entered the roots a...
S. Ahmed†, Q. Liu and H. Jian
...juveniles of cereal cyst nematode, Heterodera avenae. The isolate XZ33-3 showed significant results against juveniles (J2s) mortality followed by the isolate of XZ 17-1, XZ 24-2-1, MH 58-60-10, MH 58-60-04 and isolate MH 01-04-01, respectively. Among them four Bacillus isolates were identified on molecular basis using 16S rDNA, physiologically and biochemically and grouped as plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB). In the green house experiments identified iso...
A. S. A. Saad1, M. B. Al-Kadi1, A. A. A. Deeabes2 and A. M. El-Kholy2†
... management of root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) affecting okra plants in vitro as well as in vivo conditions. Five concentrations of all chemicals were prepared. Data of in vitro studies showed a marked nematicidal and nematode hatching inhibitory activity against root-knot nematode (M. incognita). However, the nematicidal activity differed between treatments as compared to contr...
M. Israr†1, F. Shahina1 and M. Habib2
...es infected by root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) was evaluated. It was observed that physiological and biochemical changes occurred due to the invasion of root-knot nematodes in the studied vegetables. Results show that there was a significant difference in root-knot development and reproduction in infected and un-infected host plants. Data indicates that highest reproduction rate and root-knot index was observed in...
Uzma Ishaque1, Nasira Kazi1, Erum Iqbal1* and Shahnaz Dawar2
...the survey of predacious nematode of Pakistan two new species and eight new records of the following species were recovered. Mylonchulus musae n. sp., collected from the rhizophoric soil of Musa paradisiaca L. in Karachi Sindh, Discolaimus tabacum n. sp., from the roots of Nicotiana tabacum L. in Manshera, KP, Discolaimus conicus Siddiqi, 2005 from the roots of Saccharum officinarum L. in Mirpurkhas, Sindh, Discolaimus laksi Khan and Laha, 1982 from soil aroun...
F. Shahina† and G. Mehreen
...y seven entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema isolates were examined using genetic analysis by ITS
rDNA and 12S mtDNA. Phylogenetic analysis of these isolates was inferred by using four different methods i.e.,
Maximum Evolution (ME), Maximum Likelihood (ML), Maximum Parsimony (MP) and Neighbor Joining (NJ)
based on the two makers. Sequence composition and phylogenetic analyses of these isolates showed closeness with
<...
O.S. Osunlola† and B. Fawole1
...d vascular cells. Female nematode
displaced root cells and occupied large cavities and the surrounding cells were compressed. The nematode induced
formation of an average of four giant cells each with 7 ± 0.5 nuclei around the head of nematode close to vascular
cells. Nematode eggs w...
I. Jafri, A.A. Shahid, A. Ibrahim† and M. Atif
...iv>remarkably suppressed nematode infestations because they act as growth inhabiting agents for juveniles;
reduce gall masses, diminish knot formation on root system, toghether with increasing shoot and root
length as compared to other treatments.
...
N. Hajra, F. Shahina1, †, K. Firoza1 and R. Maria
...M) fungi inoculated with nematodes in roots of Luffa cylindrica
(L.) Roem was studied under greenhouse conditions. Six treatments were used; viz., C = Control, T1 = VAM only,
T2 = nematodes only, T3 = VAM and nematodes simultaneously, T4 = VAM fungi one week before nematodes and
T5 = VAM fungi one week after
C. Azhagumurugan† and M.K. Rajan
...he root-knot
nematode, Meloidogyne incognita infecting the black gram, Vigna mungo with different inoculums levels (5, 10, 15,
20 and 25 egg-masses/plant) with different concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 ppm). The control and treated plants
were analyzed for various growth characteristics such as, root and shoot length, fresh and dry weight of root and
shoot, leaf area, root gall index and chlorophyll content ...
A.M. Korayem, M.M.M. Mohamed† and S.M. EL-Ashry1
...
Effect of root-knot nematode Meloidogyne arenaria was studied on common dry bean plants under natural
infestation in the field at two different seasons of planting. In the first season, bean was grown in Autumn, 2012
while, the second season in early Spring, 2013. For the first season, the relation between nematode initial population
density and bean yield was significantly negative (...
A. Khan†, S.S. Shaukat1, K.A. Khanzada and M.S. Khan2
...ts was evaluated against nematodes associated with peach (Prunus persica L.
Batsch) seedlings. Three major nematode populations were found in the soils including Helicotylenchus
pseudorobustus, Xiphinema americanum and Pratylenchus thornei. Soil containing nematodes was collected from
peach orchards near Kalat, Balochistan and filled in pots and peach se...
S. Ahmed†, A. Munir, S. Hameed, S. Asad, M. Fayyaz, M. Zakaria and M. Umer
...akistan and assessed for nematode populations. Analysis of soil samples
revealed the presence of eight genera of plant parasitic and soil nematodes. The most frequently isolated
nematode population from all the soil samples were Tylenchorhynchus sp., Xiphinema sp., and Cephalobus sp.
Prevalence of nematodes were high i...
R.R. Arain, R.N. Syed, A.Q. Rajput, M.A. Khanzada1, N.A. Rajput and A.M. Lodhi1†
...ell.
...
H. Ravindra†, M. Sehgal1, R. Murali, T.G. Manu, H.B. Narasimhamurthy and M. Latha
Z.A. Handoo1,†, I.K.A. Ibrahim2, D.J. Chitwood1 and A.A. Mokbel2,3
...vey, specimens of dagger nematode (Xiphinema sp.) were collected from soil around the rhizosphere of
citrus trees (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) with poor growth appearance and low yield from EL-Nobarria, EL-Behera
governorate, northern Egypt, during 2012-13. Dagger nematode (Xiphinema rivesi Dalmasso, 1969) was identified
on morphology of females that included female body and total stylet ...
M.M.A. Youssef† and W.M.A. El-Nagdi
...stance against root-knot nematode
Meloidogyne incognita under screen house conditions. All the tested varieties varied in their degree of
susceptibility/resistance according to nematode damage index. Host vigor calculated as an average of percentages
root weight potential and the tested technological characteristics (total soluble solids %) were used as a new scale to
assess ho...
C. Azhagumurugan and M.K. Rajan
... elengi on the root-knot nematode
Meloidogyne incognita infecting the black gram Vigna mungo with different inoculum levels of egg-masses (5, 10,
15, 20 and 25). Plants treated with the leaf extract of M. elengi at different concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25
ppm). The control and experimental plants were analyzed for various biochemical constituents such as,
carbohydrate, protein, amino acid, lipid, proline an...
W.M.A. El-Nagdi, M.M.A. Youssef† and M.F.M. Eissa
...ng age was determined on nematode reproduction to
susceptible date palm cv., Sewi inoculated with root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita. Seedlings of 4, 3 and 2
month old supported more nematode populations than 0 and 1 month old seedlings as indicated by number of galls
and egg-masses on roots and juveniles in soil but t...
S.A. Khan†, M. Abid and F. Hussain1
...eld.
...
D.A. Darban†, S.R. Gowen, B. Pembroke, F. Hussain1 and R.A. Memon2
...v>
infected female nematodes and reduced numbers of egg-masses and total females per plant compared with the first
crop. The results of this experiment suggest that dispersal of spores from the degrading females occurs after 2 weeks
and this is reflected in a significant reduction in egg-masses, galling and the female population between the 1 week
and 3 weeks treatments. The greatest percentage of infected females and ...
W.M.A. El-Nagdi and M.M.A. Youssef†
...or controlling root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita resulted that sugar beet-Hybrid
maize and sugar beet-sesame cropping sequences proved most effective against root-knot nematode as they reduced
nematode parameters as indicated by the number of galls, egg-masses and hatched juveniles on roots. Consequently,
they lowered...
A. Zia†, K. Zia*, S.A. Anwar** and M. Iqbal
...association of root-knot nematode (RKN) species with tomato crop and to assess their infestation. Hundred and
sixty-one samples from 23 locations scattered over the vegetable growing areas of four tehsils of Faisalabad district
including Faisalabad, Chak Jhumra, Jaranwala and Samundri. The results showed that 87% of the tomato fields
were infested. The incidence of RKN ranged from 0 to 100% with an average of 36%. The gallin...
A.E. Ismail† and A.M. Kheir*
...s and cysts of corn cyst nematode, Heterodera zeae under stress of a cropping
sequence regime revealed that the average numbers in each stage greatly fluctuated. The density of juveniles or
cysts gradually increased with the favorable host (Giza 2 corn) to reach its peak at the crop maturity, while the
nematode population dropped sharply when the field became f...
H. Ravindra†, M. Sehgal*, A.S. Pawan, B.S. Archana, S.A. Shruti and H.B. Narasimhamurty
...s conducted in root-knot nematode infested plot to evaluate the efficacy of acacia compost
individually and in integration with bioagents viz., Pochonia chlamydosporia and Paecilomyces lilacinus. Acacia
compost, poultry manure and carbofuran were also tested. All the treatments were significantly superior over
untreated check. Acasia compost enhanced the growth parameters with drastic reduction i...
M.A.M. El-Saedy, A.A. Mokbel*† and S.E. Hammad**
...or controlling root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita infecting tomato plants under laboratory,
greenhouse and field conditions. Treatments with essential oils of arugula, camphor, castor, garlic, nigella, onion
and sesame resulted in 48.0-92.7% reduction in numbers of root galls/root under laboratory conditions. Similarly,
application of these oils resulted in great reductions of 59.2-92.8% and 47.4-89.6% in numbers of r...
A.W. Amin† and A.W. Mona*
...t-knot were evaluated in nematode naturally infested soil under greenhouse
conditions in two successive spring seasons (2011 and 2012). Cucumber, Cucumis sativus var. Sinai was planted as
a scion. Results indicate that cucumber plants grafted onto Ercola hybrid 6001, C. maxima x C. moshata (Ercola
6001) and Bh had highly significant less root galling, number of females and egg-masses than non-gra...
I. Kepenekci
...cies of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) has been identified worldwide belonging to
Steinernema (65), Neosteinernema (1) and Heterorhabditis (16). This number is going up in parallel to new
investigations. Five species of Steinernema and three Heterorhabditis species were identified in Turkey. There are
only a few literature supports about detrimental effects of Turkey origin EPNs on maleficent groups having
eco...
T. Shiferaw†, N. Dechassa* and P.K. Sakhuja*
...n in naturally root-knot nematode
infested soil to determine the influence of poultry litter and rapeseed cake application against root-knot nematode
infestation in tomato var. Mraglobe. Five levels of poultry litter (control (0), 5, 10, 15 and 20 ton/ha) and three
levels of rapeseed cake (control (0), 100, 200 kg/ha) was applied in experimental plot three weeks before
transpla...
A.E. Ismail† and A.M. Kheir*
...esults revealed that the nematode final population and rate of build-up
correlated negatively with the host age. The nematode multiplied highly on the youngest seedlings; and was more
virulent on the youngest than on the oldest plants.
...
I. Umar† and A. Mamman*
...and extract on root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica in the
laboratory and screen house was investigated. Nematodes egg suspension at 100 eggs/5ml syringe introduced into
each Petri dish containing both crude and diluted extracts of fruit powder (5, 10, 15 and 20 ml) except the control,
which received only distilled water. Petri dishes were treated to the same concentrations of the extra...
F. Shahina†, K.A. Tabassum and M.A. Habib*
...>
entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) isolates have positive results. Four EPN isolates viz., Steinernema
pakistanense, S. asiaticum, S. feltiae and Heterorhabditis indica were assessed for their infectivity against the
cotton bollworm complex in field. EPNs cultured on Galleria mellonella L. and stored in distilled water at 5 °C,
were kept at room temperature for 24 hrs before use. The number of bollworms on plants ...
T.S. Rizvi and F. Shahina†
...nst rootknot
nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) at 28 ± 2 C in laboratory. Gas chromatograph interfaced to a Mass
spectrometer (GC-MS) results indicated that C. colocynthis contains various bioactive compounds. The mentholic
extracts of seed had the highest mortality (100%) at highest exposure time (72 hrs) while, the pulp and fruit extracts
showed 60 and 80% mortality, respectively. Among various extracts of c...
Z. Gill and K. Firoza†
...d seven free-living soil nematode species associated
with date palm plantations in district Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan. Population density and frequency of all nematodes
varied considerably at all surveyed sites. Occurrence of plant parasitic nematodes was found high at Gambat
(33.3%) and low in Kingri (15.38%). In free-living soil <...
M.A. Haq†, K. Mahmood*, M. Shahid*, S.A. Khan and A. Tahir**
...v>new hosts of root-knot nematode (RKN) in the area around the Plant Pathology Research Institute,
Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Yellow sweet clover and krund roots
found moderately infested with root-knot nematode galls and whitish pear-shaped mature females
were isolated from these root-galls. On these hosts, the most common and abundant species of rootknot<...
M. Shahi-Bajestani† and E. Mahdikhani-Moghadam
...6 species of
nematodes viz., Psilenchus curcumerus, Ditylenchus apus, D. medians, Basiria gracilis, B. graminophila,
Aphelenchus isomerus, A. avenae, Boleodorus thylactus, Zygotylenchus guevarai, Pratylenchus thornei, P.
neglectus, Irantylenchus clavidorus, Neopsilenchus magnidens, Neopsilenchus paragracilis, Nothotylenchus
ferepolitor, Filenchus pratensis. Among these species Neopsilenchus paragracilis and Notho...
M.M.A. Youssef and A.M.S. Lashein†
...ted with plant parasitic nematodes, Rotylenchulus
reniformis and Helicotylenchus sp. An experiment was carried out to investigate the efficacy of acetyl salicylic
(ASA) and γ-amino-n-butyric acids (GABA) as chemical resistance inducer at the concentrations of 5, 10 and 20
mM against nematodes and consequently on date palm yield. The results showed that number of R. reniformis in soil...
A.A. Mokbel
...iv>Twelve phytoparasitic nematode genera were found infected or associated with the rhizosphere of peanut plants.
Meloidogyne arenaria was the most common nematode in all collected soil samples followed by Tylenchorhynchus
spp., Helicotylenchus spp., M. javanica and Pratylenchus penetrans. All tested peanut cultivars were resistant to M.
incognita race 2 and moderately resistant to M. java...
A. Tülek, S.S. Ates, K. Akin, H. Surek, R. Kaya and İ. Kepenekci*†
...ffects of rice white-tip nematode Aphelenchoides besseyi on yield and
yield components in the experimental fields of the Thrace Agricultural Research Institute, Turkey in 2012. Four
rice cultivars commonly grown in Turkey were used in trial. The experiment was conducted as split plot in a
completely randomized block design with four replications with treatments (naturally infected seeds, artificially
A. Khan†, Saifullah, M. Iqbal* and S. Hussain
...onopileatus against phytonematodes of
vegetables was determined in this study. Crude extract from Pleurotus spp., were tested against Pratylenchus,
Xiphinema, Tylenchorhynchus, Tylenchus, Helicotylenchus, Ditylenchus, Psilenchus, Aphelenchus, Hoplolaimus,
Longidorus, Aphelenchoides and Paralongidorus spp. Extracts from the fruiting bodies, mushroom waste and broth
culture of Pleurotus species at four different co...
F. Toumi†*,**, L. Waeyenberge*, R. Yousef***, H. Khalil****, K. Al-Assas*** and M. Moens*,**
A.A. Anter, A.W. Amin†, A.H. Ashoub* and A.S. El-Nuby*
... pots. Three days-before nematode inoculation time treatment
maximized the efficacy of tested chemicals in reducing nematode galls, egg-masses and eggs numbers
followed by synchronized addition with inoculation. While, post-inoculation treatment was less effective.
Reiterative doses post-inoculation were improved the efficacy of single dose revealed that three doses
remained mo...
A.W. Amin†, A.A. Anter, A.H. Ashoub* and A.S. El-Nuby*
...significant reduction in nematode development and reproduction. The most effective strains were M.
methanica, B. cereus, B. brevis and O. proteus. They were achieving the highest reduction in nematode total
population and fecundity. Plant growth was improved as a result of application of rhizobacteria. Antioxidant
enzymes activity for both peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase were elevated in...
W.M.A. El-Nagdi†, M.M.A. Youssef and M.G. Dawood*
...ted to control root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita infecting eggplant
Solanum melongena with aqueous extracts of garlic Allium sativum mashed clove and oil. The plant materials were
diluted with distilled water at concentrations of 2.5, 1.25 and 0.625% and drenched in each plot. Results showed that
the plant extracts showed nematicidal and nematode-hatching inhibitory activity reduced...
O.A. Fabiyi†, G.A. Olatunji* and A.T. Aramide*
...ields than untreated and nematode infested plots in the field. The GC/MS result indicated that the major
constituents of the orange peel oils were limonene, octanal and citroneloll.
...
A. Khan†, S.S. Shaukat*, N. Khatoon**, J. Akhtar and A.G. Rizwana**
...kistan. Seven species of nematodes were found associated with the seedlings/rootstock including Aphelenchus avenae,
Helicotylenchus indicus, Hoplolaimus indicus, Meloidogyne javanica, M. incognita, Xiphinema americanum and X. index.
A matrix of similarity between six vineyard-nurseries was computed using Bray-Curtis index.
... 
Belema Robert1, Favour Welenya1, Deborah Achi1, Cynthia Onyeagwara1, Soala Obie Minimah2, Ebele Anulika Obichi2, Chidinma Charity Amuzie1*
...yloides stercoralis is a nematode parasite causing the disease condition referred to as strongyloidiasis in man. Part of its life cycle is spent on the soil qualifying it as a geo-helminth. This research examined the geo-helminth species associated with selected edible vegetables from markets and farms in Port Harcourt metropolis, Nigeria. Methodology: Vegetables (fluted pumpkin leaves, waterleaves, bitter leaves and scent leaves) were purchased and harvested ...
Hina Safdar1,2*, Nazir Javed2, Sajid Aleem Khan2, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed3, Arif Mehmood3 and Muhammad Arshad4
...stify;">Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are effective biocontrol agents against different insect pests. However, very little work has been done in Pakistan on the symbiotic bacteria associated with EPNs and their metabolites. In this laboratory study, two bacterial isolates i.e. Xenorhabdus spp. associated with EPN Steinernema glaseri (Steiner) (Steinernematidae) and Photorhabdus spp. associated with EPN Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (Poinar) (Heterorhabditi...
Zarema Alimsultanova Magomedova1, Kheda Khalitovna Dadaeva1, Roza Said-Akhmedovna Zakhkieva1, Islam Khasanovich Shakhbiev1*, Boris Kazievich Laipanov2
...r infection with eggs of nematodes of the genus Nematodirus Ransom, 1907. In the lowland zone of the Chechen Republic, 37.50% of soil samples, 23.00% of water samples were contaminated with invasive elements, respectively, in the foothill zone, 41.00% and 26.50% of samples, in the mountainous zone - 29.00% and 15 .00% of soil and water samples. In all climatic zones, on average, 27.83% of soil and water samples were contaminated with eggs of
Kamilla Gadzhimuradovna Alieva1, Patimat Mitkhatovna Daniyalova1, Svetlana Aleksandrovna Shemyakova2*, Kerim Khasanovich Bolatchiev2, Ismail Anatolyevich Bittirov3
...ontaminated with eggs of nematodes of the genus Trichocephalus (Schrank, 1788) was high in densely populated areas. In natural water bodies of pastures in Kabardino-Balkaria, their number was 96.30%, in water bodies of pastures in settlements - 88.40%. in the water area of rivers - 72.70%, in reservoirs on the territory of farms - 90.60%, in kosher reservoirs - 100%, in watering places for sheep - 100%, in reservoirs of sheep resting areas - 100%. %. Egg...
Zarema Alimsultanova Magomedova1*, Kheda Khalitovna Dadaeva1, Roza Said-Akhmedovna Zakhkieva1, Khasan Khamitovich Shakhbiev1, Boris Kazievich Laipanov2
...eration, the most common nematodes of a zoonotic nature are toxocarоsis and ankylostomоsis, which occur in dogs in rural and urban settlements with an EI of 70%. The aim of this work is to study nematodes in dogs in rural and urban settlements of the North Caucasus and test new drugs: tableted Helmicide F, powder Fenbental 50% and Mebentfen powder 50% for the treatment of intestinal nematode...
Vetlana Aleksandrovna Shemyakova1, Boris Kazievich Laipanov1, Ismail Anatolyevich Bittirov2, Kerim Khasanovich Bolatchiev1, Kamilla Gadzhimuradovna Alieva4, Anatoly Murashevich Bittirov2,3*
.... ...
S. Namjou, E. Shokoohi and Z. Lori
A.W. Amin, Abd-El Wanis, Mona, A. Rahman and Tomader
J. Salma and F. Shahina
...b(255, 255, 255);">Eight nematode species of the genera Steinernema and
S. A. Khanzada, M. Naeemullah, A. Munir†, S. Iftikhar and S. Masood
...ated for the presence of nematode fauna associated with their rhizospheres. Six plant parasitic and six saprophytic nematode genera were found associated with mint rhizosphere. Tylenchorhynchus
A. N. Mahar, N. D. Jan†, A. Q. Mahar and S. R. Gowen
... 255);">Entomopathogenic nematodes Steinernema carpocapsae
M. A. Radwan†, S. A. A. Farrag, M. M. Abu-Elamayem and N. S. Ahmed
...ed against the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita on tomato based on numbers of galls and juveniles (J
B. K. Goswami, C. Bhattacharya, R. Paul and T. A. Khan
...lin content in root-knot nematode infected Coleus plants. Among the tested treatments,
A.E. Ismail and M. M. Mohamed
...action against root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne arenaria infesting sugar beet and plant growth, yield and total soluble sugars (TSS %) under new reclaimed sandy loam field. Results indicated that all treatments at their rates significantly (p≤ 0.05 and / or 0.01) reduced females, galls and egg-mass numbers as compared to un-amended plants. All rates of Ch M treatment gave best results in protecting sugar beet plants and diminishing the ...
M. A. Haq, M. Shahid and K. Mahmood
...a new host of root- knot nematode (RKN) was recorded. Moderate galls on the roots of Convolvulus arvensis were observed due to RKN infestation. Under the stereoscopic...
W. Khan, N. U. Nisa, A. Khan and S. M. H. M. Naqvi
...ion on the prevalence of nematode intestinal parasites among individuals relevant to education under and above 15 years age in Swat, Pakistan. Stool samples were randomly collected during January 2006 to December 2008 and examined from a total of 420 individuals including 238 and 182 under and above 15 years age, respectively from Urban and Rural area of Swat, Pakistan. The techniques used were wet mount (WMT), sedimentation and centrifugation. A number of 171...
A. Khan, B. Nawab, S. S. Shaukat, M. A. Samad and J. K. Tareen
...ation densities of three nematodes and yield of chilli. The populations of Meloidogyne incognita,
D. S. Srivastava, M. Sehgal†, A. Kumar, S. Verma, B. K. Dwivedi and S. P. Singh
...ation of plant parasitic nematodes associated with vegetable growing fields i.e., tomato and okra. Soil and root samples were collected from 238 tomato fields represents 16 different locations (villages) where TSS-1 to TSS-238 varieties and 227 soil and root samples from the okra fields were collected (OSS-1 to OSS-227) represents 16 different locations (16 villages) to identify the hot spots of plant-parasitic nematode
Saima Akter1, Md. Rasel Prank1, Shariful Islam1, Sharmin Akter1, Injamamul Hasnine1, Murshed Uddin Ahmed2, Md. Shohel Al Faruk3*
...of trematode was 49.58%, nematode was 57.86%, and protozoa was 9.1%. The infestation rate of the Strongylys group (45.4%) was dominant followed by Fasciola gigantica (24.79%), Paramphistomum spp. (24.79%), Neoascaris spp. (12.4%) and Eimeria (9.09 %). The parasitic infestation in cows was higher than in heifer, bull, and calf based on animal categories, and the animals within 2 years of age were more susceptible to parasitic infestation. As there are no previo...
SAFDAR ALI KHAN1, FARHEEN ANSARI1, SANWAL ASLAM2*, AMJAD HUSSAIN3, MUREED HUSSAIN1, MAJID MAHMOOD4, ALI MUHAMMAD4, RAHMAT ALI1 , ASAD ASLAM3 AND FATIMA ALI1
... were found positive for nematodes, 6 (9.83%) for cestodes and remaining 13 (21.31%) had mixed infection; Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum and tapeworm. However, no adult helminthes were observed in farm chicken except that the gastroinstential tract (GIT) contents of chicken have shown the presence of parasitic eggs by microscopic examination. The highest occurrence of helminthes parasitic infections 68.9% was recorded in growers, followed ...
Ahmed E.A. Mahgoob1, Wafaa M.A. El-Nagdi2, Mahmoud M.A. Youssef2*, Entesar H. Taha1, Mona M.S. Zayed3, Hassan Abd- El-Khair4 and Nora R.A. Saleh2
...ntials against root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita under in vitro conditions. The present results indicated that the tested bacterial isolates at two concentrations (25 and 50%) significantly (p≤0.05) inhibited M. incognita- egg hatching at each exposure period (24, 48, 72 and 96 hrs) compared to untreated control. As for the percentages of the second stage juveniles mortality increased with increasing the concentrations and exposure periods. Generall...
Mostafa Mohamed Attia Hammam, Moawad Mohamed Mohamed Mohamed* and Mahfouz Mohamed Mostafa Abd-Elgawad
...ign: justify;">Root-knot nematodes (RKNs, Meloidogyne spp.) cause major agricultural losses worldwide. Some chemical nematicides are effective, but health and ecological issues are confronting their use. Biological nematicides are safe and promising alternatives. The present study examines M. arenaria damage on faba bean and presents effective control methods as Egypt is the world’s largest importer of faba bean. Using gain thresholds, the study compares...
Salwa N. Zeinl and Hanaa S. Zawam2
...ly transmitted by dagger nematodes (Xiphinema spp) It was transmitted to bait plants grown in soil containing Xiphinema spp. nematodes, The virus was identified according to host range, mode of transmission, particle morphology, serological tests, and SDS-Polyacrylamide gels. Purification of ACLSV was performed using bentonite/polyethylene glycol. Electron micrograph of purified virus preparation revealed flexuous filamentou...
Ahamed Mohamed Korayem, Moawad Mohamed Mohamed* and Mohamed and Mostafa Mohamed Attia Hamman
...ntification of root-knot nematode species infecting soybean grown in six Egyptian governorates; Beni-Suef and Menia representing middle Egypt and Alexandria, El-Beheira, Kafr-Elsheikh and Dakahlia representing northern Egypt, was conducted during the growing season 2020. A total of 100 root samples were collected and processed for identification of root-knot nematode species. Data revealed the presence of three root-knot
Saima Mehar1, Amtul Sami2 and Erum Iqbal3*
...e juveniles of root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica. After 72 hours, C. cyminum (MeOH) demonstrated the maximum nematicidal activity in egg hatching (15%±2.10) of M. javanica, followed by N. sativa (Ether), 22.33±6.86%, at the lowest administered dose of 0.25 % concentration. After 72 hours of treatment, C. cyminum (MeOH) and N. sativa (BeOH) had a non-significant difference in nematotoxic impact (90.0±10.3, 88.0±7.2 mortality %,...
Aqleem Abbas1, Mustansar Mubeen2, Waqar Younus1, Qaiser Shakeel3, Yasir Iftikhar2*, Sonum Bashir2, Muhammad Ahmad Zeshan2 and Azhar Hussain1
...e, gummosis disease, and nematodes and pests such as insect pests, i.e., fruit fly, armyworms, apple wooly aphids, aphids, mealy bug, scales and whiteflies, and parasitic weeds are considerably affecting GB crops. These diseases and pests can jeopardize GB’s food supply if not monitored regularly. The consequences of these biotic agents range from minor symptoms to catastrophic events that destroy whole fields. Plant protection units are needed to tackle...
Mohamed Adam1*, Hassan Sobhy2, Mohamed Abouzid3, Dalia Elhafny4 and El-Desouki Ibrahim5
...o control the root- knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita on grape, in comparison with chemical nematicides: Nemacab (ethoprophos 20% Ec), Dento (fenamiphos 40% Ec) and Vaydate (oxamyl 24% Ec) during two successive seasons (2016 and 2017) under field conditions. Drenching of soil with a suspension of all tested products significantly reduced the nematodes populations in soil compared with the untreated control in both trails. ...
Atef M. El-Sagheer1*, Aline F. Barros2, El-Sayed M. Abd El-Aal3, Mohamed M. Gad4, Doaa S. Mahmoud4 and Amr M. El-Marzoky3
...>Several plant-parasitic nematodes have been associated with banana (Musa cavendishii) and some of the most economically important ones are Radopholus similis and Meloidogyne spp. the purpose of this study is mainly to clarify the pathogenic effects of both nematodes (Radopholus similis and Meloidogyne incognita, alone or in combination), as a histological modification in root tissues under natural conditions of banana culti...
Ahmed El-Sayed Ismail
...rulence of the corn cyst nematode, Heterodera zeae such as corn genotype, corn age, corn nutritional status, and cropping sequence regime. For the first factor, when two local corn cultivars, namely, Giza 2 (susceptible) and Kahera 1 (resistant), were subjected to the infection by H. zeae to determine the biotic effect of the host susceptibility on development and reproduction of the nematode, the final population and rate o...
Ramzan Ali1, Erum Iqbal1*, Muhammad Ismail Bhatti2 and Saboohi Raza1
...Plant parasitic and soil nematodes were found associated with different vegetation of the Thar Desert, Sindh, Pakistan. Taxonomic studies of Tylenchorhynchus neoclavicaudatus Mathur, Sanwal and Lal, 1978, Tylenchorhynchus mashhoodi Siddiqi and Basir, 1958, Pratylenchus curvicauda Siddiqi, Dabur and Bajaj, 1991, Pratylenchus elamini Zeidan and Geraert, 1991, Hemicyclophora punensis Darekar and Khan, 1981, Tylencholaimus shamimi Islam and Ahmed, 2021, Makatinus ...
Sumbul Zulfiqar and A.G. Rizwana*
... and identify variety of nematodes (Philometrids) from female reproductive organs of marine edible fish Pomadasys maculatus (Bloch, 1793). Fishes were collected from Karachi coast, Kemari, further processed in parasitology lab, University of Karachi. Ovaries were inspected to observe presence of Philometra sp. and other parasites too. In a year, from February 2021 till January 2022, 120 samples of Pomadasys maculatus (Bloch, 1793) were examined out of which on...
Sagir Hussain1, Erum Iqbal2*, Nasira Kazi2, Sher Wali Khan1, Qamar Abbas1 and Abdul Razaq1
... of some plant parasitic nematode populations, recovered from agricultural fields during surveys of the districts Gilgit and Nager, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. The analysis of samples yielded a new nematode species and two new reported species belonging to the order Tylenchida as new geographical records for Pakistan. Hemicycliophora pyri n. sp., is characterized by the broadly rounded lip region with two indistinct annuli, ...
Uzma Ishaque1, Erum Iqbal1*, Shahnaz Dawar2 and Nasira Kazi1
...urvey for predatory soil nematodes of the order Mononchida, a new species of the genus Mononchus Bastian, 1865 was collected from rice (Oryza sativa L.) field in Nawabshah, Sindh, Pakistan, which has been described and illustrated. Mononchus oryzae n.sp., is characterized by its body, 1.508-1.528 mm long, lip region 23-24 µm wide, buccal cavity 34-36 x 16-17 µm with tooth apex located at 20-22% of stoma length and 3.9-4.2 anal body diameter long ta...
Bdour Muhammed Al-Shweily1*, Jawad Bulbul Al-Zaidawi2, Muhammed Jubair Hanawi1
...y safe organisms such as nematodes and fungi are employed. This study examines their efficacy in controlling the insect larvae and pupae. The integration of these indigenous biological control agents yielded notable mortality rates for the targeted larvae and pupae. The highest rates were achieved when using a higher concentration of fungi, specifically 20×10^6 spore/mL, in combination with 100 infective juveniles/mL of nematode<...
Muhammad Abdul Mannan1,2, Sharmin Chowdhury2, Md Abul Hashem3,4 and Md. Hazzaz Bin Kabir1,5*
...ly destructive parasitic nematode in small ruminants that causes significant economic losses to sheep and goat breeding operations worldwide. To combat this problem and minimize economic damage, effective preventative measures should be aimed at high-risk populations and a thorough understanding of the epidemiology is crucial. This study aimed to improve the understanding of the molecular epidemiology of Haemonchus contortus in sheep and goat carcasses in the ...
Mahmoud Mohamed Ahmed Youssef and Wafaa Mohamed Abd - El-Hameed El-Nagdi
...ssayed against root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita second stage juveniles (J2s). The obtained results revealed that the tested extracts at 10% caused 100% nematode mortality at 72 h of exposure followed by the other concentrations with the percentages of net mortality ranging from 49 at the lowest concentration of mashed leaves to 100% at the highest concentration of mashed leaves and flowers. Under screen house condit...
Shiferaw Demissie Tola1, Diriba Muleta2, Fassil Assefa2 and Beira Hailu Meressa1*
...damage caused by certain nematode population densities is crucial in deciding whether or not to cultivate pepper and selecting the most suitable management strategies. To understand the relationship between the initial nematode density (Pi) and the final nematode population (Pf), and the damage potential of Meloidogyne incognita to var. Dinsire, a study was conducted under greenhouse condi...
Anshara Javed Qureshi and Ishrat Aziz*
...ence of gastrointestinal nematodes (Capillaria specie) or the risk of capillariasis in domestic pigeons (Columbia Livia) in the Bahawalpur area of Pakistan was investigated in May 2023. Fecal samples of 100 pigeons (30 males and 70 females) belonging to 30 different breeds were collected from four different houses of the Dilawar colony area of Bahawalpur, and proceeded qualitatively through direct microscopy and floatation method. In this study, 18 (11 males a...
Aishat Adetola Anifowose*, Nkechi Betsy Izuogu and Benoit Katchitche Sossou
...aints posed by root-knot nematodes (RKN) and hazards of chemical nematicides in sweet potato production, effective microorganisms (EM) and compost manure were applied singly and in combination on two varieties of sweet potato under field and -screenhouse conditions. The trials were 2x5 (screenhouse) and 2x4 (field) factorial experiments fitted into a randomized complete block design (RCBD), respectively, and the field was naturally infested. Each pot in the sc...
Mahfouz M.M. Abd-Elgawad
...tify;">Sound sampling of nematodes is basic to their related research and management. Several models of nematodes have been applied to characterize their possible spatial and temporal distribution patterns. These models can provide several advantages such as determining sample size optimization and nematode transformation counts necessary to meet assumptions for parametric statistical anal...
Mahmoud M.A. Youssef1, Wafaa M.A. El-Nagdi1*, Hassan Abd- El-Khair2, Usama S. Elkelany1, Mahfouz M.M. Abd-Elgawad1 and Mona G. Dawood3
...P recorded 66.8 or 60.5% nematode reductions, respectively, as each fungal agent was applied in soil before planting. However, such reductions were 83.7 and 78.7%, respectively, when Tv or Tvr were used as single treatments indicating more efficacy on M. incognita populations in the absence of PP. All treatments significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased weights of plant branches and tubers; especially by individual than combined treatments. Biochemical compounds w...
Bakhtawar Soomro* and Shakeel Ahmed Memon
...t-align: justify;">A new nematode, Diplotriaena murtazi n.sp., was recorded from the body cavity of common myna Acridotheres tristis of District Larkana, Sindh, Pakistan. In all, 20 nematodes (♂♂) were recorded. Present nematode reflects diversification from their congeners in the following charaters viz: body measurement; shape; size and shape of trident; shape of spicules and presenc...
Ahmad Khan1, Muhammad Amjad Ali1, Muhammad Tahir1, Samreen Nazeer2*, Muhammad Zubair Akram3*, Muhammad Arslan Azmat1 and Sabina Asghar4
...to as the rice root-knot nematode (RKN), represents a substantial and prevalent challenge in Southeast Asia. This nematode species is recognized as one of the foremost biotic constraints in the region, making it a prominent and recurring issue for agriculture and crop management. This study investigated the response of fourteen different wheat plant varieties to root knot nematode and thei...
Nusirat Aderinsola Sadiku1, Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi2* and Tesleem Taye Bello3
...or in managing root-knot nematodes of Lactuca sativa in greenhouse trials. Bambusa vulgaris biomass was carbonised at 500 oC in a locally fabricated pyrolizer with automatic temperature control to obtain the Bamboo Pyroligneous Liquor (BPL). Two weeks old lettuce plants were inoculated with 1,000 juveniles of Meloidogyne incognita. BPL was applied at three concentrations of 100, 200 and 400 mg/ml. Results revealed that nematode<...
Muhammad Ali Raza1*, Aneela Zameer Durrani2, Muhammad Muddassir Ali3, Tariq Usman4, Bilques Bano5, Nazia Rubab6, Syed Tasadak Mehdi7, Muhammad Wasim Iqbal8, Kumayl Hassan Akhtar9, Hira Hameed10
...cies of gastrointestinal nematodes. The study design also included infected but un-medicated and uninfected and un-medicated controls. Faecal egg count reduction and larval counts from coprocultures were carried out pre and post treatments to analyze the anthelmintic activity. There was significant difference among the various treatment (p< 0.05) and on various days (p<0.05). The highest decrease in the egg per gram was depicted by levamisole; the ...
Daniel Offiong Etim1*, Idorenyin Asukwo Udo2, Rosemary Anietie Bassey1, Victoria Barrong Ogar1 and Etim John Umana1
...5) reduced root galling, nematode density in soil per plant and nematode reproduction factor (Rf). The combination of different rates of poultry manure with either species of Trichoderma at various spore densities were significantly (P<0.05) inhibited root galling and nematode population more than single application. The combination of T. viride at 2.65 x 107 spores/ml or T. harzianum 2...
Abdul Haseeb1, Yasir Iftikhar1, Muhammad Ahmad Zeshan1*, Safdar Ali2, Rana Binyamin3, Salman Ghuffar4 and Muhammad Usman Ghani5,6
...ut for the assessment of nematode population distribution in all 7 Tehsils of district Sargodha (Pakistan) viz: Sargodha, Silanwali, Sahiwal, Shahpur, Bhalwal, Kot Momin and Bhera. Population densities of nematode were assessed in different genera of citrus crop i.e. kinnow, sweet orange, feutral’s early, grape fruit and sweet lime, both in healthy and declining orchards. Whitehead and Hemming tray method was used for ...
Kunlayaphat Wuthijaree1, Pattaraporn Tatsapong1, Sukanya Yung-Rahang2, Prayad Thirawong2, Koonphol Pongmanee2*
...minths identified, three nematode species (Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum, Capillaria spp.), and cestodes and trematodes were found. Overall, the total prevalence of helminth infection was 79.9% (183/229), of which most were nematodes (72.1%), with a mean (± standard deviation) burden of 7.41 ± 12.81 (ranging from 0 to 78) worms per chicken. The most common helminth species identified in the examined Tha...
Olaolu Fadeyi1,2, Oluwatoyin Fabiyi3*, Tesleem Bello4 and Gabriel Olatunji5
...ign: justify;">Root knot nematodes belonging to the Genus Meloidogyne are regarded as very serious pests of many vegetables. Okra production in Nigeria and many parts of the world is threatened by the menace of RKNs and causing significant yield losses in production. Many growers result to the use of synthetic nematicides to combat this risk. However, due to the increasing awareness about the detrimental effects of chemicals on human health and the environment...
Nadir Ali Birmani1*, Ramesh1, Shakeel Ahmed Memon2, Raheela Noor Memon1, Badar Alam Samejo3 and Mehtab Ali Mahar3
...gn: justify;">Pathogenic nematodes were collected from the gastrointestinal tract of Indian Gerbil Tatera indica Hardwicke, 1807 in Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan. A total of 32 nematodes were collected from 09 hosts out of 22 hosts examined. These specimens were identified as the members of genus Gongylonema Molin, 1857 (Spirurida: Spiruroidea: Gongylonematidae) based on presence of various cuticular bosses on anterior portion ...
Habibeh Jabbari
...: justify;">Cabbage cyst nematode, Heterodera cruciferae Franklin, 1945 causing serious damage on different cabbage cultivars and other host plants. High incidence of this nematode revealed by soil and root samples in the vegetable growing farmlands in Tabriz, Iran. Different populations of H. cruciferae were collected from the region and characterized based on morphological, morphometric and molecular features, four out of ...
Yousef Abdal Jalil Fadladdin1, Ateeq Ullah2*, Raheela Nawaz3, Yagoob Garedaghi4, Abbas M.A. Al-Azab5 and Mashael Abdullah Aldamigh6
Asmahan M.S. Lashein1, Al-Kazafy H. Sabry2 and Mahmoud M.A. Youssef1*
...iocontrolling root- knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita infecting eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) cv. Baladi i.e. at the recommended and other two lower concentrations. The tested materials at the highest concentrations were more effective in reducing nematode criteria than the other concentrations compared to untreated control. The moderate and highest concentrations of methoxyfenozide caused the highest percentages of red...
Wafaa M. A. El-Nagdi1*, Ahmed E.A. Mahgoob2, Mahmoud M.A. Youssef1, Mona M.S. Zayed3, Entesar H. Taha2 and Nora R.A. Saleh1
...fungi (AMF) on root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (Ne) on eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) were evaluated. In general, the combined treatments by AMF and Pf isolates decreased significantly (P≤0.05) root-knot nematode as indicated by numbers of egg masses, eggs and galls per root system more than single treatments. Co-toxicity% for the two applied combined treatments of each bacterial isolate+ AMF, added at the same...
Mthi S. 1,2, Ikusika O.O.1*, Washaya S.3, Mpendulo C.T.1, Nowers C.B.2
J.C. PRUSTY,P. K. SWAIN,A. ACHARYA
Roshan Ara1, Muhammad Ali Khanzada1, Amir Khan Korai1*, Abdul Mubeen Lodhi, Anam Mehwish Khanzada1, Khalid Hussain Qureshi1, Shakal Khan Korai2*
... the impact of root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) infection on chilli plants and evaluated the efficacy of various chemical nematicides in controlling the infection. Infected plants exhibited symptoms such as pale green to yellow discolouration, stunted growth, and the development of knots on roots containing egg masses and female nematodes. Pathogenicity tests on “Ghotki” chilli plants revealed a direct ...
Hanif Gul and M. Ismail Chaudhry
...es. The potential use of nematodes as natural
regulators of insect populations has been discussed by
Glasser and Wilcox as early as 1918. Zwalurvenburg
(1928) and La Rivers (1949) presented early lists of
nematodes insect associations. Theodorides (1950) cited
over 100 species and sub-species of nematode associated
with insects in France. Ruhm (1956) listed a similar
number of
Hanif Gul and M. Ismail Chaudhry
...e species susceptible to nematodes may promote an increase in the nematode population that result in an unacceptably large decrease in rate of growth. Nematode diseases are one of the causes of poor crop yield on the old farmlands and contributed to their abandonment....
Amjad Mahmood Chima
...ceptibility to damage by nematodes varied. The quality and durability of blooms was good in all varieties except one variety of daffodils. Varieties resistant to nematode attack differed in their multiplication rates....
Bashir Hussain Shah and M. Ismail Chaudhry
...enera of plant parasitic nematodes belonging to the Order Tylenchida were found in the soil and roots of Eucalyptus saplings in Silvicultural research plots Pakistan Forest Institute, Peshawar, Forest Plantations at Jallo, Chichawatni and Changa Manga, and in Eucalyptus plantation in Watershed Management Project area at Garhi Habibullah, Distt. Hazara. Nine genera of ectoparasitic nematodes and some free living
Rauf Khan1, Shazia Mansuri1,2*, Muhammad Abid1, Muneeba Khan2, Anjum Perveen2, Afshan Rehman3 and Rubina Noureen1
...ssieri against root-knot nematodes has been investigated. The results revealed that all the solvent extracts contained anti-nematodal properties; however, variations in mortality rates were observed. Specifically, the chloroform extract of the leaves of P. boissieri exhibited 84% inhibitory activity against nematodes after 72 hours of exposure. The results indicated that exposure of nematode
Nematode Community Structure in Musa acuminata Colla (Lakatan) Farms with Continuous Cropping System
Baby Nhor K. Ambel1*, Nneka Djen A. Matandog1, Neil Pep Dave N. Sumaya2, Florence Roy P. Salvaña1, Bryan Lloyd P. Bretaña1 and Ma. Teodora N. Cabasan1*
...l health as reflected by nematode community structure. For the extraction of nematodes, soil and root samples were collected from various banana farms practicing monocropping for 2-4, 5-9 and 10-15 years. Farms with prolonged monocropping showed an increased population of plant-parasitic nematodes compared to free-living nematodes. ...
Camilo Romero Núñez1, Laura Miranda Contreras1, Rafael Heredia Cárdenas1, Ariadna Flores Ortega2*, Linda Guiliana Bautista Gómez3
... and positivity for this nematode. Access to the outdoors exhibited a strong association (Chi2= 48.31, p= 0.0001) with Toxocara spp. prevalence and was identified as a risk factor (OR= 1.63, p= 0.0001). Additionally, farm-raised cats also showed an association (Chi2= 15.26, p= 0.001) with Toxocara prevalence in feces. Younger cats exhibited an association with Toxocara spp. (Chi2= 6.31, p= 0.04) and were identified as a risk factor (OR= 1.20, p= 0.01), indicat...
Sardorbek N. Turgunov, Oybek O. Amirov*, Erkinjon B. Shakarboev, Abdurakhim E. Kuchboev
...r characteristics of the nematode Parascaris equorum collected from horses of the Fergana Valley, Uzbekistan. The total length of the male Parascaris equorum nematode was 175.5±3.86 mm, and that of the female was 293.7±4.83 mm. For molecular genetic studies from the collected samples, genomic DNA was extracted using the head of male of P. equorum species. QIAamp DNA Mini Kit reagents (QIAGEN, Germany) were used...
Yujun Shuai and Jinhong Zhao*
...isease-causing parasitic nematode belonging to the Anisakidae family. In this study, the nematode samples of A. simplex were collected from rockfish Sebastes sp. From the comparison and analysis of the mitochondrial genome of Anisakis simplex, the results revealed a full-length genome with 13,903 bp, including 12 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNAs and 22 tRNAs. There was no encoding gene of atp8, which was consistent with the gen...
Daniel Offiong Etim1*, Etim Johnson Umana1, Idorenyin Asukwo Udo2, Ndarake Eden Ini-Ibehe1
...ign: justify;">Root-knot nematodes and fungi are serious pathogens affecting okra production. It has been observed that okra production has not been maximized due to nematode and fungus infestation. A research into the control of Meloidogyne incognita and Sclerotium rolfsii were examined in screenhouse. One gram of Trichoderma viride at 2.40×107 CFU/g and Trichoderma harzianum at 1.40×107 CFU/g of millet were app...
Marwa M. El-Deriny1,2*, Rania H. Wahdan1, Marwa S. Fouad3 and Dina S.S. Ibrahim1,2*
...eria (PGPR) on root knot nematode in eggplant.In greenhouse, a standard microbial fertilizer (NPK) and four microbial isolates involved Pseudomonas fluorescens, Serratia marcescens, Bacillus subtilis, and Trichoderma viride were tested and it was found thatthe dual treatments composed of NPK and Pseudomonas fluorescens or T. viride, significantly reduced the total population of root-knot nematode, M. javanica, with a reducti...
Real Datta1*, Md- Tariqul Islam2, Md. Afradul Islam3, Apurbo Kumar Mondal4, Tilak Chandra Nath1, Kazi Mehetazul Islam1, Jamal Uddin Bhuiyan1
...t gastrointestinal (GIT) nematodes species affecting cattle and to ascertain the prevalence and associated risk factors of GIT nematodes in cattle in Sylhet district of Bangladesh. The investigation included the identification of nematode species, a questionnaire survey, and fecal testing. This study investigated the connections between various significant risk factors and the prevalence o...
Saima Maher1*, Salma javed2*, Gul mina1, Rizwana Salam1, Farah Mukhttar1, Noureen Khan3 and Fakhra Batool3
...strated activity against nematodes. The effectiveness of medicinal plant extracts against M. incognita, the research also emphasizes the need for further investigations to isolate active components, optimize concentrations, and develop practical application methods for field use. The research emphasizes the need for further investigations to isolate active components, optimize concentrations, and develop practical application methods for field use. These findi...
Kouakou Yadom Yao François-Regis*, Kra Kouamé Daniel and Atta Diallo Hortense
...y against okra root-knot nematodes. Aqueous extracts of five types of castor leaves were prepared. These were immature (ILV) and mature (MLV) leaves from vegetative plants and immature (ILF) and mature (MLF) leaves from flowering plants. The fifth type (ATL), a mixture of all leaf types, was used as a control. Second-stage juveniles and eggs of M. incognita were exposed to extracts for 72 hours and 10 days, respectively. Egg-hatching inhibition and juvenile mo...
Estrelle Anne Tacbas1, Neil Pep Dave Sumaya2 and Nanette Hope Sumaya1,3*
...cation against parasitic nematodes in determining the anthelmintic potential for the following concentrations of Artocarpus heterophyllus and Artocarpus camansi, 10000 ppm, 7500 ppm, 5000 ppm. The phytochemical results revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, and tannins in both plant crude extracts. Different developmental stages of C. elegans (i.e., 1st to 4th larval stages (L1-L4), young adult (YA) and adult ...
Rand K. Abbas1, Zahraa S. Hadi1*, Zainab A. Hussein2, Sajad K. Matooq3
...There were three type of nematode: Ascardia galli (28.85%), Heterakis gallinarum (21.15%), and Epomidiostomum (7.69%). Our results showed that there is significant decreasing in the concentration of Hb, PCV, and RBC (P values= 0.021, 0.009, 0.034) respectively of chickens infected with helminthes compared to the control group. While the WBC was noticed with increased significantly (P value= 0.045) in the infected chickens. Histological examination of the chick...
Eman Abdelrazik1, Sahar H. Abdel-Baset2*, Abdelghafar M. Abu-Elsaoud3,4 and Shimaa M.A. Mohamed5
...crops is plant-parasitic nematodes, which are the most destructive pathogens that affect peanuts globally. A survey of plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) in peanuts was conducted in Ismailia, Egypt. The host suitability of four Egyptian peanut cultivars for Meloidogyne arenaria cultivation under greenhouse conditions was also examined. Additionally, the effects of fulvic acid, compost, and cattle manure, either alone or in com...
Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi* and Abigail Abosede Olojede
...ustify;">Plant parasitic nematodes are salient pests of cabbage plants often controlled with agrochemicals. This procedure is laden with environmental pollution which calls for agro-biocides development in the control of plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs). Screenhouse trials were set up to assess the effectiveness of silver nanoparticles on Meloidogyne incognita populations in cabbage plants using aqueous extracts from Bixa or...
Mohsin Raza1, Zeshan Hussain2, Fazil Abbas2, Muhammad Atiq Ashraf3, Hadj Henni Imene4 and Talha Riaz5
...ens, including bacteria, nematodes, viruses, viroids, fungi, and phytoplasmas. In Pakistan, significant viral infections, particularly PVY, PMTV, PLRV, PVM, PVS, PVA, and PVX, are of serious concern, with alarmingly high prevalence of PLRV, PVX, and PVY in key potato-growing regions. Effective management of these viral threats is challenging due to the lack of direct chemical controls, underscoring the importance of prevention as the primary strategy. Rapid an...
Hosts and Viruses
December
Featuring
-
Advanced Strategies for Detection and Diagnosis of Potato Viruses: Harnessing Molecular Innovations and Digital Tools for Precision Agriculture
Mohsin Raza, Zeshan Hussain, Fazil Abbas, Muhammad Atiq Ashraf, Hadj Henni Imene and Talha Riaz
Hosts and Viruses, Vol.12, Pages 39-46
-
Current Understanding and Future Perspective of Bats Antiviral Innate Immunity
King Hei Ip
Hosts and Viruses, Vol.12, Pages 01-38
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