Hanqin Shen1,3, Boliang Wu1,2, Guangwei Li1, Feng Chen1, Qingbin Luo1,3, Yimin Chen1, Qingmei Xie1,2,3*
... H9N2 AIVs can evade the pressure of vaccination by genetic evolution and antigen variation. Moreover, the ratio of L226 in the haemagglutin (HA) receptor binding site has increased, which indicates that the H9N2 virus has the increasing potential to infection and cause human epidemics. The threat to the poultry industry and public health should not be ignored. In this review, we summarised the findings of recent studies on H9N2 AIVs epidemics and strategies f...
Muhammad Mushtaq, Umer Sadique, Naila Chand, Iftikhar Ahmed, Said Sajjad Ali Shah, Ijaz Ahmad, Imran Ullah and Muqadar Shah
... of diabetes, high blood pressure and kidney failure. Hypercholesterolemia is mainly caused by high fat diet, obesity and diabetes.Hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic effect of water based infusion of Withania somnifera was investigated in broiler chicks. One hundred and twenty (120) day-old broiler’s chicks were alienated into four treatment groups namely WST-0, WST-I, WST-II and WST-III with three replication. Group WST-0 was kept as a control, while WST-I,...
Shagufta Jabeen1, Muhammad Saqlain Raja1, Sadia Saeed1, Muhammad Mobeen Zafar1, Rizwana Abdul Ghani1, Abid Mahmood1, Muhammad Fiaz2, Pakeeza Arzoo Shiaq1, Shahid Mahmood Baig3, S.M. Saqlan Naqvi1 and Ghazala Kaukab Raja1*
... low literacy rate, peer pressure, occupation type, and stress are among risk factors increasing susceptibility towards heroin addiction in our studied cohort. Drug abuse initiated at an early age seems to trigger transition to heroin addiction under the influence of environmental risk factors.
...
Manzoor Hussain*, Miloslav Zouhar and Pavel Ryšánek
Tasnim Farasat*, Saima Sharif, Farkhanda Manzoor, Muneeza Zafar and Shagufta Naz
...olic and diastolic blood pressure, cholesterol level and serum insulin were significantly higher (p< 0.05) in proliferative group of diabetic retinopathy, while triglyceride level, HbA1c (%), and low density lipoprotein (LDL) were non-significantly higher (p> 0.05) in diabetic retinopathy groups. To conclude high prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was observed among newly diagnosed diabetic patients....
Imed Ben Salem*, Aymen Ben Ibrahim, M’barek Chetoui and Said Nouira
...olution due to selective pressure, as is also the case in the genus Gerbillus....
Tuli Dey, Sonnet Poddar and Mukti Barua
...ukewarm water and manual pressure replacement in non-raising condition of hindquarter. Vulvar Retention Suture (modified Bhuners suture) was given for not to recurrence of the condition. Proper postoperative treatment with antibiotic, antihistaminic and hormonal drugs were given. This case as well as the condition of the animal were followed up and gave the result of successful recovery without any complication....
Wazha Mugabe1,2, Lawrence Akanyang1, Mackenzie Nsinamwa1, Batanani Moatswi1, Naledi Matthews1, Kealeboga Dipheko1, Imtiaz Ahmed Ujjan3 and Assar Ali Shah2*
...sition caused by grazing pressure is critical since fodder trees form the base diet for browser such as goat as well as maintenance purposes for cattle in the dry season. Thus understanding the dynamics on rangeland response to grazing could prove worthy in finding an equilibrium point for optimizing animal productivity, with limited range degradation. Therefore, the current study was aimed at determining and comparing fodder tree species composition along gra...
Baohua Chen1,2, Wenzhu Peng3, Jian Xu2, Jingyan Feng1,2, Chuanju Dong1,2 and Peng Xu2,3,*
...s because of the greater pressure they suffer in aquatic environment. In this study, we identified a set of 27 GSTs including 8 classes of members in common carp genome. Both sequences alignment and phylogenetic analysis exhibited that genes derived from the same GST class from different species share more similarity than genes of different classes in the same species. Copy number of GSTs examining showed that five classes of GST genes in common carp have unde...
Farah Ashfaq* and Tasnim Farasat
...tolic and systolic blood pressure, lipid profile and fasting glucose, serum resistin and insulin of three hundred over weight, obese males and females, 17 to 30 years and 100 comparable control subjects were included. Serum resistin and insulin, fasting glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol were found significantly high in overweight and obese groups as compared to the normal weight group (p<0.01). In overweight group, resistin levels were significantly re...
Rana Muhammad Aadil1,2*, Xin-An Zeng1, Saqib Jabbar3, Akmal Nazir2, Abid Aslam Mann2, Muhammad Kashif Iqbal Khan2, Abdullah2, Amna Ramzan2
...ontrol, thermal and high pressure processing (HPP) techniques on some quality parameters of grapefruit juice were investigated based on pH, acidity, ºBrix, viscosity, cloud value, hunter color values, bioactive compounds, microorganisms and enzyme analysis. The grapefruit juice was treated with processing variables of HPP treatment (0, 150, 200 and 250 MPa), temperature (40, 50 and 60 oC), for processing time of 3 minutes and thermal treatment ...
Rana Hanan1*, Muhammad Waqar Shafi1, Sumair Anwar2 and Numrah Nawaz1
...nsent. We recorded blood pressure at three different time points, one minute apart in sitting position after ten minutes of rest. The average of three measurements was considered as final reading. Data regarding related variables was entered and analysed using SPSS version 21. Out of 100 (43 males and 57 females), three students were hypertensive, 55 pre-hypertensive and 42 normotensive; among pre-hypertensive female students were more in number as compared to...
Shahid Mehmood1,*, Bushra Nisar Khan1, Hassan Raza1, Rida Ahmad1, Azhar Muhammad3, Zulfiqar Ali2, Farhan Abid1, Fehmeeda Bibi4 and Syed Maviz Ahmed5
...oncern. Human population pressure, habitat degradation and lack of awareness are the main threats that ultimately will cause reduction in species numbers around the study area. Therefore, there is an urgent need to save and protect bird diversity by maintaining the suitable habitat of the area.
...
Sana Qanber Abbasi1*, Ejaz Ahmed2 and Rabia Sattar1
...story and recorded blood pressure was documented on a questionnaire. The results were analyzed using SPSS 21. One way ANOVA and Independent sample T test were applied to compare the proBNP levels. A P-value of < 0.05 was taken as significant. Serum pro BNP levels were raised in migraine patients and also in hypertensive patients with migraine (p-value 0.00). Serum pro BNP levels were found to be raised in both migraineurs and hypertensive migraineurs but th...
Muhammad Kashif Maan1, Muhammad Arif Khan1, Shehla Gul Bokhari1, Muhammad Ijaz2, Hamid Akbar1, Sajid Umar 3 and Muhammad Luqman Sohail4,*
...roups. Heart rate, blood pressure and saturation of oxygen were decreased in both groups but this decline was significantly lesser (P<0.05) in isoflurane administered group compared to xylazine-ketamine administered group. Both xylazine-ketamine and isoflurane proved to be suitable anesthetic agents for successful ovariohysterectomy in rabbits. As injectable anesthesia caused significant effect on serum biochemical and cardiovascular parameters when compare...
Naheed Akhtar*, Awais Iqbal**, Habib Iqbal Javed*, Javed Khan*, Muhammad Riaz*, Waseem Ahmad Gillani*, Tariq Mahmood*, Awais Rasool* and Tahira Yasmin*
EVALUATION OF RECOMMENDED WHEAT VARIETIES FOR RESISTANCE AGAINST SCHIZAPHIS GRAMINUM (RONDANI) (APHIDIDAE: HOMOPTERA) UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS
...her yield and least pest pressure....
Sidra Majeed*, Mubbashira Nazir*, Sumia Bint Zaman * and Waqas Farooq*
POTENTIAL OF SUGAR BEET PRODUCTION IN PAKISTAN: A REVIEW
... Sugar beet will not put pressure on water resources if cultivated on commercial scale. The government is in favor of beet sugar but sugarcane mill owners are reluctant to encourage sugar beet cultivation due to some technical barrier. Beet growing experiment at different sites of Punjab, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) and Sindh have revealed encouraging results....
Zafar Islam*, Abdul Ghafoor Mangrio*, Muhammad Munir Ahmad*, Ghani Akber*, Sher Muhammad**, Muhammad Umair*** and Yaskina****
APPLICATION AND DISTRIBUTION OF IRRIGATION WATER UNDER VARIOUS SIZES OF CENTER PIVOT SPRINKLER SYSTEMS
... efficiency of three low pressure central pivot sprinkler irrigation systems for their water distribution, uniformity and tendency to recommend changes in system maintenance or repair. The main objective of this study was to evaluate existing central pivot sprinkler irrigation systems under field conditions at different locations in the country. The study was carried out to evaluate water distribution under central pivot irrigation systems at three locations; ...
Hina Zubair1, Saima Perveen2, Saeed Alam3, Akkad Rafiq4* and Sara Ejaz
...lization owing to social pressure of family. Findings of this study showed that the majority of the individuals are comfortable with the use of intrauterine contraception devices; however need of the hour is to introduce awareness compaigns to educate general public for better use of contraception especially male partner as it is less invasive compared to female partner. ...
Lili Zhang, Yuanxiao Wang, Yili Kong, Hussain Ahmad, Rui Yan, Li Dong, Jingfei Zhang and Tian Wang*
...>, and C* values, pressure loss, and the ratio of MyHC IIb to other isoforms of the longissimus dorsi muscle were increased significantly by IUGR (P<0.05). Our results suggested that IUGR resulted in low postnatal growth rates, increased ratio of MyHC IIb to other isoforms, lower water-holding capacity and meat color of slaughtering pigs.
...
Evolutionary Analysis and Phylodynamics of Avian Influenza Virus H5N1 between 2015 and 2016 in Egypt
Osama Elshazly1, AbdelSatar Arafa1, Mohammed A. Rohaim2, Ismaeil M. Reda2 and Hussein A. Hussein2*
...y, analysis of selection pressures in the HA gene revealed a positive selection pressure. Deduced amino acid analysis revealed characteristic mutations at HA antigenic sites besides two other mutations (129∆, I151T) that were found to be stable in recent subclade 2.2.1.1 isolates from humans and chickens. Our results revealed that linking the epidemiological and sequence data is important to understand the prevalence, ...
Kaleem Ullah1, Zafar Niaz2, Sami Ullah Mumtaz3, Sajid Abaidullah4*
...ease in pulmonary artery pressure.
...
Rana Khurram Aftab1*, Farhat Ijaz2, Samia Jawed3
...h towards lowering blood pressure.
Objectives: To determine the frequency of obesity according to body mass index and waist hip ratio and its relationship with hypertension among medical students.
Methodology: It was a descriptive cross sectional study where a total of 213 students of 1st year MBBS and BDS were involved. Their waist circumference, hip circumference, height and weight were recorded. Moreover, on ...
Ghulam Abbas1, Khalid Pervez Akhtar1, Muhammad Ahsan2, Muhammad Jawad Asghar1, Fiaz Ahmad1 and Muhammad Rizwan3*
...YMD despite high disease pressure and can, therefore, be used directly as varieties to manage the disease after evaluation for acceptable agronomic characteristics, adaptation, and stability in various regions or can be used as a resistant source in further breeding programs ...
Iqra Arooj1,* and Shahida Hasnain2
...mily history, high blood pressure etc. Previous genome wide association studies have identified association of large number of loci with risk of CHD in different populations. The purpose of this study was to determine the association of 6q25.1/rs6922269 and 9p21.3/rs1333049 loci with risk of CHD in a population of Punjab province of Pakistan. A total of 645 subjects were included in this study of which 435 were patients visiting hospitals of Lahore and Gujranw...
Yang Liu1,2,3, Baimei Liu1,2,3, Chenchen Li1,2,3 and Meiwen An1,2,3,*
...oblasts co-culture under pressure, and study the role of IL-1α and MMP-3 in terms of regulating fibroblasts-keratinocytes collagen metabolism with pressure.Chitosan-gelatin scaffolds were fabricated by vacuum freeze drying. Keratinocytes and fibroblasts were seeding on scaffolds to form systems as: keratinocytes monoculture (KM), fibroblasts monoculture (FM), co-culture of keratinocytes and fibroblasts (KM&FM). ...
Fan Shuli1*, Ameer Hussain Jarwar1,3, Xiaoyan Wang2, Long Wang1 and Qifeng Ma1
...ng a limited insect-pest-pressure. Moreover, water scarcity is extremely high temperature in the core zones colligate, which is already under observations where the temperature is extremely high. In Pakistan, closely 1.7 million peoples they are engaged in growing cotton crop. The farmers of Pakistan surveying and evolution for high quality of fiber and high quality of lint yield sweetening, the Pakistan also fulfills its 18.8% of comestible oil demand from co...
Yuan Li1, Liyan Zhang2, Karhoe Loh3, Ji Feng1, Xinqing Zheng1, Puqing Song1 and Longshan Lin1,*
...rmed under the differing pressures of natural selection. This study is expected to provide a basis for future research of the population genetics of P. minor.
...
Waqas Ali* and Mudasser Habib
...under positive selection pressure for serotype A (position 141) located in known critical antigenic region but as a whole protein was under negative selection pressure for serotype O, A and Asia 1. Therefore, under mass vaccination campaigns and drastic environmental conditions strains under negative selection has the ability to make escape mutants. ...
Tevfik Ceyhan1,*, Osman Samsun2 and Okan Akyol1
...ords, there is a fishing pressure on the garfish stock in the Black Sea due to absence of minimum landing size (MLS) of the garfish. Apart from direct fishing control measures aiming to reduce fishing mortality, the establishment of a MLS of 38cm that coincides with the length at first maturity would be also beneficial for the stock. Our results suggest that the garfish stock undergoes high levels of fishing pressure and the...
Manzoor Hussain1, Muhammad Awais2, Farhatullah3, Saiqa Bibi1, Muhammad Rameez Khan3, Afifa Khalid1 and Sajid Ali3*
...y. A moderate crown rust pressure was observed during oat season 2015-16, with relatively late crown rust onset after mid of April. Based on the crown rust resistance response, the tested germplasm was clustered into four groups i.e., G1 contained eight, G2 contained three, G3 contained two and G4 contained three genotypes. Group 1 could be regarded as the most resistant genotypes group, and contained genotypes O-SA-1, O-SA-5, O-SA-15, O-SA-10, O-SA-14, O-SA-4...
SiRui Wang1,2, Fekede Regasa Joka1,2, XiaoLong Wang1,2,* and SuYing Bai2,*
... to detect the selection pressure. Phylogenetic analyses of the reported sequences of jungle fowl (Gallus gallus) and the 10 tested birds were performed. A total of 10 nucleotide sequences of the GED region of the Mx gene in wild birds were obtained, with a length of 231 bp, encoding 77 amino acids. The third locus in all tested amino acid sequences contains a Ser residue that corresponds to amino acid position 631, the virus resistance site, in ...
Fady Samir1, Rania F. El Naggar2, Mohamed M. Hamoud3, Manal M. Zaki1, Abdulrhman M. Gamal1, Samah E. Laban1, Shaimaa A. E. Nasr1, El Shaimaa Ismael1, Osama K. Zahran1*
...s apply unique selective pressures on NDV glycoproteins and their role in changing the NDV evolution in Egypt. ...
Mehboob Arslan* and Xin Yang
...thin the host cells. The pressure exerted by invading pathogen disrupts the internal balance and dictate the host-pathogen niches. For absolute survival, proliferation, and propagation inside the host cell, viruses modulate certain metabolic pathways to destabilize the host metabolism. These alterations in host metabolic signaling as a result of virus-host interaction generate a favorable environment for the viral pathogens. This phenomenon is a hotspot for in...
Qamar Zeb1*, Silvia I. Rondon2, Hayat Badshah,1 and Arsalan Khan1
...luenced aphid population pressure, and indirectly influenced the natural population of parasitoids and predators.
...
Tariq Mahmood Khalil1,2*, Muhammad Ajmal2, Taj Ali Khan2, Zia Ul Haq2, Muhammad Shahzad Khattak2 and Abdul Malik2
...s at different operating pressures. Data was consequently used for evaluating the hydraulic flow characteristics. Nine types of emitters marked S1-S9 having sample size of 27 were tested on the hydraulic bench. When evaluated for compliance with manufacturer claim for being marked as PC and Non-PC, all the emitters passed the test except for S1. The statistical uniformity of S9 ranked highest (96.62%) compared to other emitter types, while S2 ranked lowest (87...
Faisal Azeem Abbassi1, Atta Ullah2, Muhammad Saim Hashmi1, Khadim Hussain1* and Nasim Akhter1
...ropriate steps to reduce pressure on natural resources, to make further investment in human capital to enable people entering into more rewarding livelihood strategies and to educate households to use remittance money for job creating activities to enhance employment opportunities and to augment household income. ...
Ahsan Numan1,4, Khadija Irfan Khawaja2, Abdul Basit Qureshi3, Muhammad Shahbaz Yousaf4, Imtiaz Rabbani4, Hafsa Zaneb5 and Habib Rehman4*
... elevated systolic blood pressure (p<0.05), blood sugar (p < 0.05), HbA1c (p<0.001), cholesterol (p<0.01), LDL (p<0.001), triglycerides (p<0.05) and more obese (p<0.01) when compared with the diabetic patients without clinical DSP. Occurrence of fatty liver was more (p<0.01) frequently seen in the patients with the DSP (87.80%) than having no clinical DSP (83.17%). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the DSP was...
Ahmet Ozer Sehirli1,2, Serkan Sayiner3*, Ayliz Velioglu-Ogunc4, Nedime Serakinci5, Emel Eksioglu-Demiralp6, Berrak Yegen7, Feriha Ercan8 andGoksel Sener2
...or in combination. Blood pressure and heart rate were monitored at weekly intervals over a period of six weeks. Serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) concentrations, urinary volume, creatinine, and both serum and urinary electrolyte levels were measured. In addition, the apoptosis rate of white blood cells was analysed from plasma samples. Tissue samples from the brain, hear...
Mubashir Mehdi1*, Muhammad Bilal Ahsan1, Burhan Ahmad1, Khuram Nawaz Sadozai2, Gulnaaz Hameed3 and Muhammad Asif4
...anagement and increasing pressure for certified and standardized products has pushed mango farms in Pakistan to acquire certifications like Global GAP. Workers’ working conditions and their basic rights can influence on sustainability of mango value chain system in Pakistan particularly under the guidelines of LO decent work agenda. Double-log regression model is used to assess the effects of decent work agenda and its effect on social upgrading of worke...
Ayesha Iqbal1, Ghulam Sarwar1, Abdul Majid Khan1*, Muhammad Tahir Waseem1, Ayesha Iqbal1, Rana Manzoor Ahmad1,2, Muhammad Ameen1
...nary, climaticor hunting pressures.
Tajwali Khan1*, Ihtzaz Qamar1, Feroz Shah2, Kareem Akhtar2, Rehman Akhtar3
MODEL FOR FUEL DROPLET EVAPORATION IN COMBUSTION CHAMBER OF LIQUID PROPELLANT ROCKET ENGINES
...oplet curvature on vapor pressure is incorporated in the
model. The model is applied on a small-scale combustion chamber of bi-propellant liquid rocket engine where fuel
concentration away from droplet is not zero. A code is generated and applied. The results of the model show that
fuel droplet diameter, combustion chamber pressure, chamber diameter, mass flow rate and droplet relative velocity
wi...
model. The model is applied on a small-scale combustion chamber of bi-propellant liquid rocket engine where fuel
concentration away from droplet is not zero. A code is generated and applied. The results of the model show that
fuel droplet diameter, combustion chamber pressure, chamber diameter, mass flow rate and droplet relative velocity
wi...
Naseem Ahmad1, Sahar Noor1, Rehman Akhtar1*, Misbah Ullah1, Khizar Azam2
PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT OF COMPRESSOR TO RECOVER FLARE GAS USING DESIGN OF EXPERIMENT TECHNIQUES
...ce the recuperate of low pressure burn gas and
the proposed approach of the performance parameters guide to cost effective taking out the low pressure flare gas
minimizes harmful environmental impacts and achieve financial benefits. ...
the proposed approach of the performance parameters guide to cost effective taking out the low pressure flare gas
minimizes harmful environmental impacts and achieve financial benefits. ...
Misbah Ullah1, Rehman Akhtar1, Sikandar Bilal Khattak1, Khawar Naeem1 and Khizar Azam2
FACTORS IDENTIFICATION FOR COAL BRIQUETTES MANUFACTURING USING STATISTICAL EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN APPROACH
... />
Binder composition, pressure, particle size, and coal type are analyzed for higher calorific value and compressive
strength simultaneously. Experiments are conducted in order to obtain the response of desired variables for the given
three levels of each factor. Full factorial design approach with analysis of variance (ANOVA) is deployed to get the
optimum values of the response variables under the given conditions....
strength simultaneously. Experiments are conducted in order to obtain the response of desired variables for the given
three levels of each factor. Full factorial design approach with analysis of variance (ANOVA) is deployed to get the
optimum values of the response variables under the given conditions....
Muhammad Kaleem Sarwar1, Zulfiqar Ali Chaudary2, M.Tousif Bhatti3, Daulat Khan
EVALUATION OF AIR VENTS AND RAMP ANGLES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF ORIFICE SPILLWAY AERATORS
...he cavity length, cavity pressure, flow velocity and water depth at the aerator were measured by changing operating
conditions. Non-dimensional jet length (λ), air entrainment co-efficient (β) and non-dimensional cavity pressure (Pn)
were computed to evaluate the performance of the aerator against ramp angle and air vent size. Results noted an
improvement in the performance of aerator with th...
conditions. Non-dimensional jet length (λ), air entrainment co-efficient (β) and non-dimensional cavity pressure (Pn)
were computed to evaluate the performance of the aerator against ramp angle and air vent size. Results noted an
improvement in the performance of aerator with th...
Muhammad Asad Ali, Mirza Jahanzaib, Muhammad Ahsan Ul Haq
ANALYZING THE EFFECT OF SQUEEZE CASTING PROCESS PARAMETERS ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF OVERCAST AL-ALLOY JOINT USING RSM
...ameters named as squeeze pressure, pressure duration and melt temperature. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to analyze the effect of above mentioned input parameters on UTS and YS. Empirical models for UTS and YS were developed which help the practitioners to achieve desired UTS and YS by using optimum vales of input parameters. ANOVA results shows that melt temperature has most significant effect on UTS and Y...
Muhammad Asad Ali 1*, Mirza Jahanzaib1, Muhammad Ahsan Ul Haq1
ANALYZING THE EFFECT OF SQUEEZE CASTING PROCESS PARAMETERS ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF OVERCAST ALUMINIUM-ALLOY JOINT USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY
...ameters named as squeeze pressure,
pressure duration and melt temperature. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to analyze the effect of
above mentioned input parameters on ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and yield strength (YS). Empirical models for
UTS and YS were developed which help the practitioners to achieve desired UTS and YS by using optimum vales of
input p...
Farid Ullah Khan·
PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT OF VIBRATION-BASED ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY HARVESTER DUE TO REDUCED AIR DAMPING
...acuum and without vacuum pressures are reported. The harvesters are subjected to harmonic excitation with constant acceleration frequency-sweeps. In the developed energy harvesters, the air damping is decreased by generating vacuum
Syed Mufeed Hadi Naqvi1*, Badar Naseem Siddiqui1, Waqar-Ul-Hassan Tareen1, Muhammad Ameer Qarib Naqvi2 and Naseeb Hussain3
Usage of Mobile Phone by Vegetable Growers and its Impact on Vegetable Production
...rea is restricted due to pressure of cash and food crops by 0.62 million ha, otherwise vegetable production is included in the cropping pattern of Pakistan. The present study was conducted in district Dera Ghazi Khan for analyzing the factors affecting the usage of mobile phone in vegetable production. Out of four, two tehsils from district were selected by using simple random sampling, then four union councils from each tehsil and three villages from each uni...
Asad Naeem Shah1,2, GE Yun-shan1, HE Chao1,3
MACROSCOPIC SPRAY CHARACTERISTICS OF DIESEL AND BIODIESEL-DIESEL BLEND: AN EXPERIMENTAL COMPARISON
...uration and ambient pressure on spray development, spray tip penetration (L) and cone angle (β) of biodiesel-diesel (20%/80%: v/v) blend (B20) and diesel, and hence compares the quality of the fuels. Both ‘L’ and ‘β’ play a key role in the fuel evaporation and mixing of fuel with air in the combustion chamber. It was found that the injection pressure, spray tip penetratio...
Zahir Shah1*, Saima Munawar1, Ihsan Ullah2, Taif Shah3, Haq Aman Ullah1, Saqib Nawaz1, Farhan Anwar Khan1 and Manoj Kumar Shah4
Combined Physico-chemical and Analgesic Effects of Electroacupuncture Plus Clonidine in Goats
...gher mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate up to 10-60min than those groups treated of clonidine. Moreover, a significantly lower serum glucose concentration was noted in EA plus 10µg/kg of clonidine treated goats at 15-60 min than those treated with clonidine alone. Creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, alanine/aspartate aminotransferase activities, and hematological variables for differently treated groups were insignificant. In conc...
Xuya Zhou1, Ying Liu1, Deqin Xu1, Jie Bao1, Yaru Cao2 and Yong Jin3*
...ng arthritis rats. Blood pressure was measured by a noninvasive caudal artery blood pressure meter. Western blot analysis showed that unification of two drugs caused protein expression levels of COX-2 to reduce obviously and increased protein expression levels of CYP4A1. Immunohistochemistry showed the increased expression of CYP4A1. Elisa indicated that the decreased production of PGE-2 and the increased production of 20-HE...
Mehreen Ijaz
Effect of Weave Type on Tensile Strength of Cotton Fabrics
...ucture that resisted the pressure applied by using tensile tester. It is suggested to use plain interlacing pattern for manufacturing durable structures both for apparel and upholstery industry. This study can help textile manufacturers to alter their construction specifications for preparing strong fabrics for various end uses. ...
Fangqing Liu1, Jared Atlas2, Chaohao Du1, Anoop Das3 and Longying Wen1*
...related with atmospheric pressure (P<0.05), along with body weight, body length, rictus, wing length, tarsus and skull length in males (P<0.05). A significant positive correlation was observed between wing length of males and wind speed (P=0.017). Conversely, body weight, body length, wing length and tail length in males were significantly negatively correlated with air temperature (P<0.05). Many measures of body size (wing...
Ahmad Sadiq1, Muzafar Shah2*, Habib Ullah1, Irfan Ali1, Amir Alam3,
Navid Jalil1 and Muhammad Khan3
...erol (TC) systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were significantly higher in patients (p<0.05) than normal or controlled. In patients with low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and body mass index (BMI) were found to be significantly lower (p > 0.05) than normal or control. Gender-based analysis has shown that HbA1c, RBS, DBP and SBP in male patients have signific...
Pengfei Liu1*, Hongxia Liu2 and Jiajia Xiao1
... indicator to assess the pressure of sexual selection between two sexes.
...
Muhammad Farooq1*, Elham Azadfar2, Zohre Bahrami3, Mahniya Sharifi3, A. Shakoor4, Shabir Ahmed5, Iftikhar Ahmed Solangi1, Muhammad Noman Khan6, Memona Siddique7, Naila Ilyas8*, Muhammad Bakhtiar9, Mohamed El-Fatieh Ismael1 and Wang Yunyang1
Optimization of Drying Process of Rambutan by Combined Method of Osmosis Ultrasound and Complementary Drying of Hot Air
...ic solution, the osmotic pressure, which is a key factor in mass transfer in the osmotic dehydration process, increases by increasing concentration, the percentage of solids gain increased; shrinkage and rehydration decreased. Conclusively, the drying of Rambutan by use of osmosis-ultrasound dehydration process when compared to osmotic dehydration, showed a significant decrease in the shrinkage of fruits resulting in rehydration, i.e., causing the percentage o...
Muhammad Naeem1,2, Nasir Rajput1,2, Sher Ali3, Asmatullah Kaka2, Dildar Hussain Kalhoro2, Mehvish Rajput2 and Tian Wang1,*
...swere treated with steam pressure, i.e. TRS-I (exposed to 15.5 kgf/cm2 steam pressure for 90 sec), TRS-II (exposed to 15.5 kgf/cm2 steam pressure for 120 sec).The results regarding chemical composition revealed that steam treated straw had higher (P<0.05) dry matter (DM), ash and acid detergent fiber (ADF) contents; lower (P<0.05) organic matter (OM) than...
Saima Siddiqui1, Ghulam Hussain Abro1, Tajwar Sultana Syed 1, Abdul Sattar Buriro2, Sohail Ahmad3, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed4 and Muhammad Asam Riaz4*
...logical marker to manage pressure of sucking pests such as jassid (Amrasca bigutulla bigutulla Ishida), thrips (Thrips tabaci Lind.) and whitefly (Bemisia tabaci Gen.) on cotton. To this end, the present research was conducted on various cotton varieties classified on the basis of their genetic characteristics such as nectard (CIM-554, CIM-557and MNH-786), nectariless (Stoneville-701, Stoneville-697, and Stoneville-857), high gossypol (CIM...
Muhammad Farooq1*, Allah Rakha2,Jawad Ul Hassan2, Iftikhar Ahmed Solangi1, A. Shakoor3, Muhammad Bakhtiar4, Muhammad Noman Khan5,Shoaib Khan5, Ibrar Ahmad6, Shabir Ahmed7 andWang Yunyang1*
...lso used to reduce blood pressure and increase resistance of person against many diseases. Keeping in perspective the position of dietary and medicinal values of mushroom in this research mushroom powder was added into muffins to improve nutritious and dietetic status of muffin. To achieve desired objective mushroom powder was mixed with wheat flour to improve sensory attributes of muffins. The proximate analysis of mushroom based powder and wheat flour was al...
Amreen Zahra1, Mushtaq A. Saleem1*, Hasnain Javed2, Muhammad Azmat Ullah Khan3, Muhammad Naveed1 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori4
...This induces a selection pressure and a rate of increased virulency on Gag-Pol cleavage sites. These results significantly highlight the fact that the identified SNPs possibly contribute towards a positive selection pressure contributing to the identification of novel mutations like S61A, S61M and M90L at Gag-Pol cleavage sites harboring dominant drug resistance mutations. 3D structure validation demonstrated 87.3% in Gag an...
Shakeel Ahmad1, Muhammad Israr2*, Muhammad Amin3, Muhammad Sadiq Hashmi4, Nafees Ahmad5 and Rasheed Ahmad6
...y due to over population pressure coupled by natural hazards, while savannas (40.63–49.25%), permanent wetlands (0.03–0.07%), and natural vegetation (3.13–14.96%), were increased significantly as a result of the different internations for the conservations in the area. As a result, the development of LULC maps will play a vital role in sustainable management of LULC in northern Pakistan due to the lack of ground and reliable data towards the ...
Donglai Li1,Mei Han1,Huw Lloyd2, Linyu Jin1, Lei Zhang1, Jiangxia Yin1 and Dongmei Wan1*
...f strictly environmental pressure on males that would favor discrimination may account for a lack of an adjustment in feeding effort. The absence of discrimination between own and EPP chicks in parental care suggests that females pay no fitness cost as a result of EPCs, which may explain the high frequency of EPY in nests.
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Hina Fatima1*, Bushra Yasmin2 and Lal Khan Almas3
...tion and high population pressure, this is the dire need of time to get farmers involved in advanced and intensive farming techniques to attain self-sufficiency in production. This study conducted the efficiency and productivity analysis by applying the parametric and non-parametric techniques to evaluate the optimal utilization of farm resources in multiple cropping system and the efficiency gains from tunnel technology. The data were collected from 150 multi...
Khaliq Dad1, Muhammad Nawaz2*, Muhamamd Ibrahim3, Fengliang Zhao4, Rumsha Hassan2, Humaira Nawaz5, Muhammad Usman Saleem6, Kinat Javed2, Ayesha Komal2 and Hajra Naz2
...in population is putting pressure on urbanization, agriculture and industrialization which have resulted in gradual increase in Cd level. It is released from industries as an impurity and pollutes soil, water and air in different ways. High solubility in water increases its mobility in the soil ecosystem. The use of sludge and chemical sprays on crops increase the Cd contamination besides some other heavy metals. Through nutrient cycling, it is taken up from t...
Liping Liu and Pengfei Liu*
...tes divergence selective pressure between two sexes. We determined the sex and age through plumage coloration and measured 6 body measurements of each bird in 122 Brambling Fringilla montifringilla individuals in a wintering roost, which were captured randomly with mist nets. We found both the sex ratios of juveniles and adults were male-biased in this roost, which possible originated from different migrating strategies with sex and age. Culmen length, wing le...
Meiping Deng1, Xiaowen Ye1, Jiashan Wu1, Lijuan Chen1, Xiaoxia Jiang1, Changzheng Zhang1, Peiling Zhou1* and Yi Luo2*
...coline on systemic blood pressure (BP) modulation and the modulatory characteristics. After rats were anaesthetized, saline or arecoline was intravenously administrated, and the systemic BP signals were recorded. We calculated the reaction times, the mean arterial pressure (MAP), the maximum changes in MAP, and the area under the curve (AUC; MAP change relative to the reaction time) due to arecoline stimulations. The results...
Suherman Suherman1*, AndhiniPutri Trianita1, Hadiyanto Hadiyanto1 and Wea Aanisah Mentari Putri2
...eeze-drying time (t) and pressure (P) on mass balance and characteristics of dried mango slices produced through treatments based on time 13 h and 17 h and pressure 25 Pa, 30 Pa, and 35 Pa, with temperature constant -50 oC. Freeze-dried mango was calculated for mass balance and analyzed for water content, color, and hedonic test. The mass balance yield was around 82.47 % of the product wasted during the drying pro...
Song Jiang, Dong-liang Liu, Fa-lin Zhou, Xian-bin Mo, Qi-bin Yang, Jian-hua Huang, Li-shi Yang and Shi-gui Jiang*
...te that the body osmotic pressure regulation and the body’s immune process consume a lot of energy.
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Bibek Aryal, Naresh Pandey and Laxman Khanal*
...tation and anthropogenic pressure. Our findings could be instrumental in the proper management of urban biodiversity.
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