Khalid Ali1*, Amanullah Jan2
... economic returns of the farming community....
Moustafa Kardjadj
...omic losses to livestock farming and industry has increased global concern for the disease. Currently, 3 serotypes of FMD virus (O, A and SAT-2) and 06 lineage are circulating in the North Africa, of which serotype O is responsible for most of the outbreaks. However, the rapid spread of SAT2 and other exotic FMDV lineages in Libya and Egypt demonstrated the need for a robust surveillance system to detect and respond eff...
Amitha Reena Gomes1, Belamaranahally Muniveerappa Veeregowda2, Sonnahallipura Munivenkatappa Byregowda1, Vinayagamurthy Balamurugan3*
...threat to small ruminant farming. Global announcement of PPR eradication by 2030 has opened lot of research gaps for the development of vaccines and diagnostics for differentiating infected and vaccinated animals. With the advent of recombinant DNA technology, recombinant protein based vaccines and/or diagnostics are being tested in various heterologous systems across the globe for development of vaccines and/or diagnostic antigens. The recombinant viral prote...
Shahab e Saqib, Mokbul Morshed Ahmad, Sanaullah Panezai, Hidayatullah, Khalid Khan Khattak
...a were collected from 87 farming households in Mardan Tehsil of Mardan District. Questionnaire was the main tool used to collect the data from farmers. The credit access ratio formula was employed that measured farmers’ access, in relative terms, to their landholdings. Likewise, credit adequacy formula was used to investigate farmers’ credit adequacy. A probit model was employed to find the important factors affecting access to credit. Results of a...
Inamullah Khan, Muhammad Subhan Qureshi, Rajwali Khan, Syed Muhammad Sohail, Ijaz Ahmad, Muhammad Shoaib and Asim Ijaz
... in intensive, extensive farming and nomads was 74.07%, 57% and 83.3% respectively. Breeding through natural service was in greater risk (94%) as compared to artificial insemination (78%). In humans overall sero-prevalence was recorded 12.12%, 09.59% and 08.59% by SPAT, i-ELISA and PCR respectively. Highest incidence was found in farm workers (14.5%) followed by butchers (10.5%), veterinary assistant (10%) and abattoir workers (08.33%). High incidence was obse...
Muhammad Khurshid, Muhammad Nafees, Inam-ur-Rahim and Wajid Rashid
... to commercial vegetable farming in upland areas and this has exposed the traditional nomadic life to socio-economic and environmentally vulnerability in upland areas....
Ghani Akbar, Muhammad Munir Ahmad, Muhammad Asif, Iqbal Hassan, Qurban Hussain3 and Greg Hamilton
...olled traffic raised bed farming (CTRBF) system, which may be helpful for agriculture sustainability and food security....
Sania Subhan Qureshi, Mian Saeed Sarwar and Zahir Shah
... left;">Backyard poultry farming has been in practice in Peshawar and the surrounding regions. It provides a source of meat and eggs to the local population and helps in poverty alleviation and a source of family income through entrepreneurship. A hen with the complaint of swelling on abdominal region, came to Veterinary Teaching Hospital, The University of Agriculture Peshawar. Physical examination was performed and it was diagnosed a case of muscle tumor (m...
Oluwasogo David Olorunfemi, Oluwasegun Adetokunbo Adekunle, Felix Olayinka Oladipo, Temitope Oluwaseun Oladele and Oladimeji Idowu Oladele
...n Kwara State where fish farming is prominent and well-practiced was carried out. Forty fish farmers were then randomly selected from the fish farmers’ association chapter present in each selected Local Government Area. Interview-schedule was used to elicit information from the respondents. The findings revealed that the fish farmers were economically active with a mean age of 42.5 years, majority (73.1%) were males, married (74.4%) and had one level of ...
Bahattin Cak1, Orhan Yilmaz1, Siddik Keskin2, Tahir Bayril3 and Mohammad Masood Tariq4*
...d efficiency of the goat farming system....
Amjad Ali and Abbas Ullah Jan
...ate the benefits of good farming practices for reduction of gap between the most technical efficient and the inefficient farmers. Empirical results illustrate that there exist opportunity to increase yield at present level of inputs use and technology....
Muhammad Jamal Nasir, Anwar Saeed Khan, Said Alam and Saeed Akhtar
...ure is changed to market farming i.e. from wheat to vegetable and sugarcane. The yield per acre of almost every crop grown has been increased, which considerably increased the crop revenue. Due to availability of irrigation water, the current fallow in both the Rabi (winter cropping) and Kharif (summer cropping) has decreased with matching increase in area net sown. The study suggests that mouza has capacity for further increase in cropping intensity and culti...
Hina Fatima, Lal Almas and Bushra Yasmin
...d at adapting innovative farming techniques must be implemented in an efficient manner. Effectively implementation of agricultural schemes, formal education and in-formal education should be realized. During and after conducting the agricultural research, it is needed to recommend the farmers about the rate of inputs application i.e. seed, pesticide spray and NPK that are best suited to the local weather patterns and cropping systems....
Naushad Khan1*, Shahnaz Akhtar1, Munir Khan1, Shaista Naz2, Javeria Tanveer1 and Muhammad Kaleem3
...olds. Due to small scale farming in the province the maize growers are always in need of loan for the purchase of inputs. The present study examined the effect of ZTBL credit program on maize productivity in district Mardan of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. For this, a sample of 226 farmers was selected by employing multi stage sampling technique. At first stage, all the three tehsils (i.e.; Mardan, Takht Bhai and Katlang) of the district were selected. At seco...
Muhammad Zafarullah Khan
...y level having practical farming experience. Study suggests pre-service along with in-service trainings along with higher degree in agriculture i.e. PhD for improving their technical competencies in agricultural mechanization...
Neelum Andaleeb, Munir Khan and Syed Attaullah Shah
...ortant role in livestock farming in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. A survey was conducted in district Mardan to determine women’s participation in livestock farming and to investigate factors affecting their participation. A multistage sampling method was used to select a sample of 274 livestock farm households from 6 rural Union Councils, and a well-structured questionnaire was used to collect data from female respondents throug...
Dhananjoy Mandal 2K. Baral 3M. K. Dasgupta
Developing site-specific appropriate precision agriculture
... but not for the peasant farming or the pest complex ridden unaided agriculture as in India. PA is not about an abstract of characterization. The specific values indicating variations in population at exact grids and helping the individual farmer in decision-making in pest management at varied pesticide doses depending on varied soil pest population intensity and spatial distribution. Often it ends up in reducing the quantum of a pesticide threatened with with...
Khurram Shahzad and Mohammad Akmal*
...e splits for sustainable farming system for Peshawar climate and surroundings....
Shah Saud Ahmad and Muhammad Zafarullah Khan*
...ment associated with the farming. FSC should take steps to build the capacity of the farmers regarding the latest improved practices of vegetable cultivation to achieve more production....
Muhammad Zafarullah Khan
... the stakeholders of the farming community....
Shahab e Saqib1*, Himayatullah Khan2, Sanaullah Panezai3, Ubaid Ali4 and Mazhar Ali5
...sed to collect data from farming households’ heads. Credit fungibility ratio and ANOVA were used to explore the credit fungibility and credit margin of investment among the groups of farmers. Results showed that a considerable proportion of loan was used in non-agricultural activities by all farmers in general and small farmers in particular. The findings of the study suggest that a strong monitoring of farmers is needed in the study area. In addition, f...
Muhammad Aqeel Sarwar1,2*, Muhammad Tahir2, Abid Ali3, Manzoor Hussain3, Muhammad Waheed Anwar4, Muhammad Khubaib Abuzar5 and Ijaz Ahmad6
... and becoming popular in farming community as a green manure. An experiment was conducted for evaluating green maunuring of moringa and jantar along with inorganic fertilizers to enhance the yield and quality attributes of autumn maize at Agronomic Research Farm, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. There were two factors, green manuring (No green manuring, moringa green manuring and Jantar green manuring) and different levels of NPK fertilizers (no fertiliz...
Muhammad Luqman1,3, Raheel Saqib2*, Xu Shiwei3 and Yu Wen3
...comprises of a number of farming activities, where both men and women are involved in multiple diverse nature of field operations. Inspite of their high contribution in farm and non-farm activities, there exist gender disparity with reference to agricultural extension, education and other farm advisory services. The study was conducted in district Sargodha located in the central Punjab, Pakistan. Personal interviews were conducted from male head as well as spo...
Ronaq Zaman*, Shahid Ali and Inam Ullah
...ucated people in broiler farming. Broilers farmers also need to be provided with loan facility on easy installments, for a smooth running of broiler farms in future. ...
Sumia Bint Zaman, Sidra Majeed and Shahid Ahmad*
...he potential of Jatropha farming in Pakistan and to conduct a comparative economic analysis of alternate feasible options e.g. production of oilseeds, which are also being imported in large quantities. Temporal analysis (1950-09) for edible oil consumption, production and imports is made. Projections for edible oil are worked out up to 2030. As there have been large variations in yield of Jatropha reported by various studies conducted in India and other countr...
Rubina Bano, Hassnain Shah, Muhammad Sharif and Waqar Akhtar*
...bility analysis. Broiler farming was done by adult males on full time basis. It was the main source of income of a family. The average flock size in the study area was 4033 birds. The study also bifurcates the cost structure and fixed cost accounts for 7 % while variable cost accounts for 93% of total cost of production. Feed makes the major share and accounts for 49.34%. Broiler production in the study area is profitable with a profitability index of 0.24, ca...
Muhammad Zafarullah Khan1*, Rehmat Ullah1, Asif Nawaz1 and Ejaz Ashraf2
...ts had above 20 years of farming experience. A rapid increase in the registration of farmers with Farm Services Centers was found in the last five years. Chi-square results indicated highly significant association (P≤0.05) between the duration of registration with Farm Services centers, fertilizers and farm machinery provided to the respondents. Farm Services Center’s performed their commitment very well with respect to empowerment of farmers in diffe...
Muhammad Amjed Iqbal1*, Azhar Abbas1, Raza Ullah1, Umar Ijaz Ahmed2, Ali Sher3 and Shoaib Akhtar4
...rce of income along with farming for agricultural households. The present study is aimed at investigating the significance of non-farm income in farm household’s poverty and income inequality. Data were collected from 480 cotton growing respondents from six districts of Punjab province of Pakistan and Foster, Greer and Thorbecke (FGT) poverty index along with Gini coefficient were estimated to assess the impacts of non-farm income on household’s po...
Farhat Ullah Khan, Nowshad Khan and Zaibunnisa Abdullah*
Corresponding author: farhatkhan7@gmail.com (This is part of Ph.D. work of senior author)
IMPACT OFKINNOW (MANDARIN) YIELD LOSSES ON SOCIOECONOMIC CONDITIONS OF THE FARMING COMMUNITY IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
...onomic conditions of the farming community of the area. In this study, 20 union councils from Tehsil Sargodha were selected on the characteristics important for higher production of kinnow. Then ten growers from each union council were chosen randomly. Total 200 respondents were interviewed through interview schedule. Simple percentage and chi-square techniques were used for analysis. According to analysis 91.5% respondents reported that yield losses of kinnow...
Muhammad Tariq*, Raja Muhammad Omer**, Muhammad Ashraf Mian*, Obaid Ur Rehman***, Amjad Tahir Virk and Kazim Abbass**
PROMOTING CERTIFIED SEED AVAILABILITY OF WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L) THROUGH PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP AND ITS IMPACT ON YIELD IN RAINFED AREAS
...crease the income of the farming community of the area....
Muhammad Zubair Anwar, M. Azeem Khan, Ikram Saeed, Akhtar Ali*, Shafique Zahid and Abdul Majid**
SMALL FARMERS PERCEPTIONS REGARDING IMPROVED FODDER AND FORAGE VARIETIES: RESULTS OF PARTICIPATORY ON FARM RESEARCH
...ral component of rainfed farming system. Livestock rearing is also a substitute of crop farming and provide security against crop failure in uncertain weather conditions. Estimates reveal that livestock contribution into an average annual income of a farmer is about 40% of the total household income. Livestock feeding is a critical component of livestock management in the rainfed farming s...
Amir Khatam*, Sher Muhammad, and Ijaz Ashraf**
ROLE OF INDIVIDUAL CONTACT METHODS IN DISSEMINATION OF AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES
...l technologies among the farming community, whereas only 31.78% and 22.85% of the farmer respondents are aware of the office call and telephone calls, respectively, for diffusion of information regarding latest agricultural technologies. However, awareness regarding personal letters as an extension method among the farming community was proved as the lowest (18.93%) entity in the study area. The extent of the use of individu...
Amir Khatam*, Sher Muhammad and Ijaz Ashraf**
ROLE OF FARMER FIELD SCHOOLS IN ENHANCING SKILLS OF FARMING COMMUNITY IN KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA, PAKISTAN
...S in enhancing skills of farming community in the central region of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The data were collected through survey method on various aspects from 280 randomly selected farmer respondents. The data collected were analyzed by applying simple descriptive statistics showing means, scores, ranking order and standard deviations. The results show that skills were highly enhanced in st the aspect of nursery raising techniques which was ranked 1 w...
Sajida Taj*, Akhter Ali*, Nadeem Akmal*, Shujaat Yaqoob** and Mubarik Ali***
RAISED BED TECHNOLOGY FOR WHEAT CROP IN IRRIGATED AREAS OF PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
... new technologies by the farming community. However, the small farmers can also be benefited with the technology with proper education regarding the technology in the area with good social mobilization for the conservation of scarce and valuable farm resources....
Naheed Zahra*, Muhammad Zubair Anwar*, Sonila Hassan** and Irfan Mehmood**
INSTITUTIONAL CREDIT ARRANGEMENT AND THEIR IMPLICATION ON AGRICULTURAL INCOME IN THE SELECTED VILLAGES OF RAWALPINDI DISTRICT
... of credit, ownership of farming machinery, access to market and family labour also have a positive and statistically significant relationship with the dependent variable except the age of the farmer. Therefore it is recommended that there is a strong need to enhance easy and timely accessibility of institutional credit for all growers so that they could increase their agricultural productivity that will further lead to increase their agricultural income. It i...
Imtiaz Ahmad Qamar*, Maqsood Ahmad*, Gulshan Riaz* and Sartaj Khan*
PERFORMANCE OF SUMMER FORAGE LEGUMES AND THEIR RESIDUAL EFFECT ON SUBSEQUENT OAT CROP IN SUBTROPICAL SUBHUMID POTHWAR, PAKISTAN
...the current cereal based farming system of Pothwar would not only increase forage availability to the underfed livestock of the area resulting in the increased livestock production but will also improve the N fertility of the soil. Potentially higher production of the subsequent non-leguminous crops will result as residual effect of this improved N status...
Abid Hussain*, Khalid Mahmood Aujla* and Sonila Hassan**
ECONOMICS OF COW MILK PRODUCTION IN SINDH AND AZAD JAMMU & KASHMIR
...production is profitable farming activity in irrigated areas of Sindh and mountainous-AJK with benefit-cost ratios of 1.5 and 1.4, respectively. While, benefit-cost ratios of cow milk production were 1.0 and 0.7 in desert and coastal areas of Sindh, respectively, indicating subsistence nature of cow farming in these ecologies....
Tanzila Kazmi*, Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry*, Aftab Ahmed** and Shaheer Ellahi Khan**
FARMERS BELIEFS ABOUT INDIGENOUS FARMING PRACTICES AND SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
...regarding the indigenous farming practices and how it is related with sustainable agricultural development. During the study a mixture of qualitative techniques including interview guide(s), focus group discussions (FGDs) and case study were used. The study revealed that indigenous knowledge is a long term process and demands a complete approach to achieve destined goals. On the other hand it was also found that the lack of knowledge is a hindrance to achieve ...
Ali Ahsan Bajwa*, Ehsanullah*, Shakeel Ahmad Anjum*, Wahaj Nafees*, Mohsin Tanveer* and Hafiz Salman Saeed*
IMPACT OF FERTILIZER USE ON WEED MANAGEMENT IN CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE - A REVIEW
...;"> Intensive farming has been adopted to produce large amounts of food grains and cash crops but environment is being deteriorated at alarming rate also. Increased use of fertilizers, pesticides, chemical growth regulators, machinery and poor management practices are accelerating environmental pollution, soil degradation, global warming, climatic change and food deterioration. Conservation agriculture offers a sustainable solution for all these pro...
Syeda Aimen Hadi*, Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry*, Aftab Ahmed** and Shaheer Ellahi Khan***
PERCEPTION, APPROACHES AND PRACTICES OF LOCAL FARMING AND DEVELOPMENT: AN ANTHROPOLOGICAL APPROACH
... the local approaches of farming in designing and implementation of development projects. These approaches are representative of a particular ecological, social, economical, and political system, shaped by the constraints and opportunities associated to the area. Effective and successful development projects must include the local perceptions, their approaches and practices, as the locals are the ones most representative of their issues and have the most worka...
Muhammad Asif Jamil*, Nowshad Khan*, FarhatUllah Khan* and Muhammad Zakria*
EFFECTIVENESS OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES IN DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION TO THE FARMING COMMUNITY OF DISTRICT BHIMBER, AZAD JAMMU AND KASHMIR
...on advisory services for farming community of Bhimber district of Azad Jammu and Kashmir. The convenient sampling as well as multistage sampling method was used to collect the data from the study area. The overall data consists of 150 farmers. The study revealed that respondent's acquaintance with extension staff was very low as only 18.00% of the respondents had personal acquaintance with the extension staff and 12.67% of them knew extension staff through the...
Junaid Alvi*, Ijaz Ashraf*, Khalid Mehmood Ch*, Muhammad Iftikhar* and Saleem Ashraf**
IMPACT OF LIVESTOCK IN UPLIFTING RURAL LIVELIHOOD
...roved livestock and crop farming initiatives. The livestock sector plays a key role in boosting the national economy and improving the citizens' livelihoods. The study focused on the potential contribution of the livestock sector in uplifting livelihoods. Data were collected through face to face interview using interview schedule from 120 randomly selected livestock producers in SubDistrict Jaranwala of District Faisalabad. Data showed that, livestock
Ali Raza Shah**, Muhammad Saffar Mirjat**, Abdul Quadir Mughal***, Inayatullah Rajper** and Asif Ali Mirani****
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT TILLAGE SYSTEMS IN A CLAY LOAM SOIL*
...) and controlled traffic farming (CTF) was carried out to evaluate the performance of tillage systems. Results indicated that the soil pulverization was higher (P<0.05) under MT and lower under CT treatments while, it was nonsignificant between MT and CTF treatments. Similarly, soil volume disturbed and effective ploughing depth was maximum (P<0.05) under CT followed by MT, CTF and minimum under ZT. Similarly the operating speed was significantly higher ...
Ahmed Fatima*
INCIDENCE OF POVERTY AND THE ROLE OF NON-FARM ACTIVITIES
...tan) were calculated for farming and non-farming households. The indices of poverty were also measured for households that only did farming, undertook farming and non-farm activities and those that did no farming in the various agro-climatic zones. Finally, incidence and severity of poverty as well as the spread of inc...
Arshia Naeem*, Maria Anjum*, Mariam Rehman*, Zahid Mahmood** and Muhammad Asif Kamran**
AN INTEGRATED INFORMATION SYSTEM TO FACILITATE FARMERS IN WHEAT, SUGARCANE AND OTHER CROP DISEASES IDENTIFICATION
...rom conventional ways of farming to easy, effective and efficient smart solutions are required to minimize yield losses in crop plants. An integrated application to facilitate farmers to communicate their crop related issues directly to agriculture scientists is proposed. This 'AXPERT Platform' consists of web application that provides user centered interface to farmers and a desktop application that facilitates agricultural scientists to identify crop disease...
Sher Muhammad , Ijaz Ashraf*, Amir Khatam**, and Naima
Nawaz***
SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF FARMERS AND THEIR PARTICIPATION IN ACTIVITIES OF MODEL FARM SERVICES CENTERS IN KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA, PAKISTAN
...akhtunkhwa (KPK) to lead farming communities towards sustainable agriculture by putting emphasis on the delivery of demand-based services through their active involvement. This improved situation regarding availability of agricultural inputs and good decision making may result in active participation by farmers in farm related activities. The present paper focuses on farmers' participation in various activities of MFSCs as influenced by their socio-economic ch...
Muhammad Sharif1*, Shahzada Sohail Ijaz2, Muhammad Ansar3, Ijaz Ahmad4 and Syed Abdul Sadiq5
...put cost of small holder farming community of Pothwar, Pakistan. A two-year field study was carried out with a split plot design, having conventional tillage (CT), minimum tillage (MT), reduced tillage (RT) and zero tillage (ZT) systems in main plots,while residue retained (R+) and removed (R-)in sub-plots.The results showed that seedling emergence, wheat biomass and grain yield were statistically same under CT (83 plants m-2, ...
Wazha Mugabe1,3,Gaolebale Segolame Mpapho1, John Kamau1, Wameotsile Mahabile2, Shalaulani James Nsoso1, Kealeboga Dipheko1 and Assar Ali Shah3,*
...ting of milk the current farming setup of using meat breed for milk could prove beneficial to both the meat and dairy sectors.
...
Grace Chinenye Onyishi, Ifeanyi Oscar Aguzie, Joseph O. Okoro, Christopher Didigwu Nwani*, Ngozi Ezenwaji, Ndubisi Stanley Oluah and Fabian C. Okafor
...ly for sustainable snail farming, and finally for maintenance of snail biodiversity.
...
Zakirullah Jan1, Shamsher Ali1*, Tariq Sultan2, Muhammad Jamal Khan1, Zahir Shah1 and Farmanullah Khan1
...he socioeconomics of the farming community. Among the microbes, cyanobacteria are known as photoautotrophic, blue green algae which is not a truly eukaryotic algae and grown in different and such complex habitats freely and symbiotic association with large numbers of plants and microbial mats. In this regard, a pot experiment was carried out with the aim to assess the impact of different strains of cyanobacteria on rice crop growth and nutrients uptake under s...
Safdar Ali1*, Obaidullah Shafique1, Tariq Mahmood2, Muhammad Amir Hanif1, Ijaz Ahmed3 and Bashir Ahmad Khan4
...crop production. Precise farming techniques can promote crop production without damaging soil and water, reducing losses due to leaching of nitrogen and enhancing long lasting incorporation of nutrients by micro-organisms present in the soil. Another major breakthrough of nanotechnology for improvement in agriculture production is the development of insect-resistant varieties by DNA transfer in the plants or nanoparticle-mediated gene. Biofuel production from ...
Rehman-Ud-din* and Naeem-Ur-Rehman Khattak
...rs do not have their own farming machines/animals. Per acre productivity of mechanised farmers is a little bit greater than the non-mechanised farmers. The outstanding feature of farm mechanisation is the time-saving factor that enables mechanised farmers to spend their spare time on other aspects of life like education, business, other professions and social activities. ...
Ghulam Abbas1, Muhammad Jawad Asghar1, Muhammad Rizwan2*, Muhammad Akram1, Jaffar Hussain1 and Fiaz Ahmad1
...aining popularity in the farming community of Pakistan. Improvement of mungbean germplasm for high seed yield requires information on genetic variability and correlation of traits. For this purpose, fifty eight exotic and indigenous diverse mungbean genotypes were evaluated for seed yield and other related traits. The genetic analysis of mungbean germplasm revealed high genotypic (GCV) and phenotypic (PCV) coefficients of variability for biological yield (GCV%...
Muhammad Khalid1,2 and Muhammad Naeem2*
...is for this species from farming system of southern Punjab, Pakistan is provided. ...
Raphael Olanrewaju Babatunde, Adeyemi Esther Omoniwa and Miriam Ukemenam
...dicator of livelihood of farming households in Kwara state, Nigeria. A sampling technique comprising of three stages was used to randomly select 200 farming households in the study area. Data were collected using questionnaire and were analyzed using the Gini-coefficient and the Ordinary Least Square method. The result showed an overall gini-coefficient for gender inequality in schooling of 0.35, with the value for boys and ...
Naeem Ahmad1,* and Zulqurnain2*
... the suitable strain for farming is always a critical decision for farmers. The purpose of the present study was to compare the growth performance of two GIFT strains (GIFT-Th, imported from Thailand; GIFT-Tw, obtained from a local hatchery) in two earthen ponds, fed with commercially available feed. Similar feeding regime and physical conditions were maintained for both treatments. It was found that there was no significant difference in final total length (T...
Aftab Khan, Shahid Ali, Syed Attaullah Shah and Muhammad Fayaz
... also needs to encourage farming community of Central and Southern zones for afforestation in order to control increase in temperature. ...
Impacts of Climate Change on Livestock and Livestock Produces: A Case Study of Banke District, Nepal
Anish Shrestha* and Samata Baral
...ts impact on their usual farming practices. But, majority of farmers (57.88%) are still unaware about climate change and how to deal with it. Among total respondent, only 15% of them stated that their source of awareness about climate change was extension worker, which indicates very minimal interaction between farmers and extension worker. Most significant impacts of the climate change were increased disease pest infestation, loss of appetite and decreased mi...
Asad Ullah1, Umar Sadique Khattak2, Sultan Ayaz1, Muhammad Subhan Qureshi2, Imad Khan1, Ibad Ullah Jan2, Irfan Khattak1, Raheela Taj3, Sahar Nigar4, Naimat Ullah Khan1,Mumtaz Ali Khan5 and Muhammad Luqman Sohail6,*
...status, risk factors and farming practices were gathered through a pre-form questionnaire. Results revealed that prevalence of bovine tuberculosis was 5.88%. Statistical analysis revealed significant association of age (OR= 3.267; CI = 1.686-6.331) and herd size (OR = 2.600; CI = 1.421-4.760) with CCIT positivity. Similarly, induction of new animals into the herd (OR= 2.661; CI = 1.758-4.028) and sheltering the animals at night (OR= 2.448; CI = 1.568-3.882) al...
Qudrat Ullah1,*, Huma Jamil1, Zafar Iqbal Qureshi1, Muhammad Saqib2 and Heinrich Neubauer3
... livestock farm, type of farming, region (locality of farm), presence of ticks, animal health status and season of sampling. In conclusion, the study indicates the occurrence of antibodies to C. burnetii at the government livestock farms included in the study.
...
Muhammad Luqman1, Raheel Saqib2*, Mujahid Karim1, Khalid Nawab2, Abdur Rehman3 and Muhammad Yaseen1
...%) of respondents. Small farming is very common as more than 60.0% of the respondents had only up to 5 acres of land. Majority (65.6%) were perceived as poor (having monthly income >7000 PKR). Regarding impact of agro forestry on rural household food security “good source of fuel wood” ranked first (mean=2.95). Small land holding was one of the major constraints (mean=2.62). Decrease in soil loss was the main advantage of agro-forestry as percei...
Aneel Salman1, Muhammad Iftikhar ul Husnain1, Inayatullah Jan2*, Muhammad Ashfaq2, Mudassar Rashid1 and Usman Shakoor1
... efforts to change their farming practices. However, a few adaptation measures like use of different crop varieties, tree planting, and drip irrigation methods are prevalent in the research area. The major hurdles that farmers perceived in adaptation are limited access to credit, lack of access to information, and institutional support. As expected, no significant variations were found across districts in the characteristics of respondents (age and income) tha...
Amjad Ali1, Abbas Ullah Jan1, Lal Almas2, Noor Piao Khan1 and Khurran Nawaz Saddozai1
...unction. Respondent age, farming experience, education, family size, off-farm income, farm to home distance, tenancy and extension contacts are determinants in allocative inefficiency model. Results of the study revealed that except farmyard manure and pesticides all other explanatory variables are significant influencing factors in total cost of sugarcane production in district Charsadda. In socio-economic characteristics family size and extension contacts sh...
Zubina Hameed1, Muhammad Azim Malik1, Safdar Ali1*, Muhammad Ansar1, Farina Shaheen1, Ijaz Ahmad2 and Khisrao Kalim3
...e to subsistence kind of farming and dependence on rainfall, people are reluctant to do expenses on chemical control of weeds in wheat. Similarly, due to lack of awareness, they use wheat weeds as animal fodder and the hand weeding affects crop stand and its tillering which ultimately reduces the wheat yield of the pothwar region. So, chemical control of weeds was hypothesized to be the best solution for winter weeds of rainfed wheat’s weeds and for this...
Abir Ishtiaq, Muhammad Naeem*
Length-weight relationships and condition factor for farmed Catla catla (Hamilton, 1822) from southern Punjab, Pakistan
...haila (Catla catla) from farming system. Mean±S.E. total
length (TL) and body weight (W) of studied samples have been calculated as 39.29±0.23 cm and 827.43±14.55 g,
respectively. For LWRs, specimens of C.catla were collected from fish ponds and grouped into three categories on
the basis of the feed offered to them which contained 15%, 20% and 25% crude protein (CP). The regression
estimates for LWRs were highly...
length (TL) and body weight (W) of studied samples have been calculated as 39.29±0.23 cm and 827.43±14.55 g,
respectively. For LWRs, specimens of C.catla were collected from fish ponds and grouped into three categories on
the basis of the feed offered to them which contained 15%, 20% and 25% crude protein (CP). The regression
estimates for LWRs were highly...
Umair Talib1, Ijaz Ashraf2, Robert Agunga1 and Saleem Ashraf3*
... or practice subsistence farming which degrades the environment. Therefore, there is an urgent need for climate smart extension education for these farmers. The main purpose for this study was to examine environmental degradation/climate change associated problems faced/ perceived by resource-poor farmers and ways adopted to mitigate them. The specific objectives of study were to determine farm damages of resource-poor farmers under environmental degradation; ...
Neelum Andaleeb1*, Munir Khan1, Syed Attaullah Shah1 and Rahmat Ullah2
...rticipation in livestock farming. A multistage sampling technique was used to collect a sample of 274 livestock farm households from six union councils of district Mardan. Data were collected through face to face interviews from female members of the selected livestock farm households in 2015-16. Data were analyzed by ordered logit model to determine factors affecting households welfare, measured as daily per capita income level. Variables, such as income gene...
Amara Amjad Hashmi1,2,*, Maqbool Hussain Sial3, Waqar Akram4 and Maaida Hussain Hashmi5,6
...estock produced at home, farming, consumption of food crop produced at home and foreign and domestic remittances plays a significant positive role in caloric intake of food insecure households. ...
Khwaja Tariq Ziad1, Umar Hayat1, Muhammad2 and Muhammad Suleman Bacha3*
...ory of old traditions of farming. The current study is designed to analyse the response of participants an informal and formal supply chains for small-scale dairy farmers in Pakistan. The study aimed at explaining the costs of the chosen supply channels and their transaction costs, the role of the mid-agent opportunistic behaviour in the relative milk supply chain. Using case study and qualitative method approach, eight key informants including five farmers, o...
Shamsher Ali1*, Muhammad Jamal Khan2, Zahir Shah2, Naveedullah3 and Abdul Jalal1
...conomic condition of the farming community. Growing of salt tolerant crop genotypes of species on salt affected lands is an effective tool for getting desirable productivity. A two-factor experiment using complete randomized design with three replications in pots having silt loam soil was carried out on April 03, 2016 to examine three maize genotypes (Iqbal, Jalal, and Azam) under different salinity levels i.e. 0.4, 2.7, 5.2 and 7.6 dS m-1 at Amir Muhammad Kha...
Muhammad Huzaifa Mehmood1, Muhammad Ahmad Iqbal2, Muhammad Daood1, Muhammad Rizwan Tariq3*, Khubaib Ali3
...t production in backyard farming system in rural areas of Pakistan. The quality of meat depends upon the nutritious value, texture profile, taste and flavour. Mostly dieticians recommend rabbit meat due to low in caloric value then other traditional meats. To enhance the quality of rabbit meat oat is used as feed for rabbits, because oat is good source of dietary ingredients. In this study 2-4% oat seeds were used to investigate their dietary response. The ran...
Ejaz Ashraf1*, Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel2, Nosheen Fatima1, Raheel Babar3 and Ikramul Haq4
...ariation, new issues for farming community are on the rise. These issues are related to protection of natural environment and biodiversity which is one of the critical problems encounter by farmers of Pakistan. It is vitally important to take proactive measures to enact timely solutions to this issue, and avoid further losses in biodiversity. The present study was aimed to determine the awareness level of the respondents regarding biodiversity conservation. Th...
Syed Amjad Kamal Jan* and Naushad Khan
...le in the economy of the farming community. Till today no study was arranged in this district to analyze the situation. Seeing to its importance the present study was started in 2016 and completed in2018. The major objectives of the study were to determine the factors which affect the production per acre of rice and analyze the problems and constraints faced to rice grower in the study area. The universe of the study was Lower Dir District which consist of sev...
Sonia1, Khuram Nawaz Sadozai1*, Noor Paio Khan2, Abbas Ullah Jan1 and Gulnaz Hameed3
...at crop varieties to the farming community. ...
Muhammad Ali1,2*, Norsida Man2 and Farrah Melissa Muharam2
...assess the motivation of farming community towards agricultural risk management in Malaysia. The research data were gathered through pre designed interview schedule from 360 randomly selected farmers through multistage cluster sampling technique. In order to measure motivation of respondents, likert scale items comprising 1 as strongly disagree to 5 as strongly agree were used. The research findings reveal that farmers were motivated to manage their agricultur...
Ayesha Chaudhary1, Fouzia Mumtaz1, Muhammad Yaseen2* and Muhammad Younis Afzal3
...efinitely disturbing the farming approaches through an increase in disease spread, and careless usage of natural resources. Due to these effects, pastoral families are at high risk, hence there is a need to make farmers aware of the reasons and causes of climate change so that they may contribute to their side in actively advocating the cause. The present study was survey-based research and carried out in the Faisalabad district of Punjab, Pakistan. The data w...
Dilshad Ahmad1* and Muhammad Afzal2
...iliarity of expertise in farming practices can overcome inefficiencies in both districts with cultivating varieties of Bt and Non-Bt cottonseed. ...
Dilshad Ahmad1* and Muhammad Afzal2
...lems concerning to small farming community in securing farming institutional credit. ...
Muhamamd Naeem1 and Murad Khan2*
Saeed Ullah1, Muhammad Israr1*, Shakeel Ahmad2, Nafees Ahmad3 and Asif Yaseen4
...re from the heads of the farming households (HH) and analysed by descriptive statistics and Chi-square test. It was found that majority (62%) of the farmers were in the age groups of 41-60. HH size of the farmers was 6-9 members per HH. Farming experience of the HH heads was 21-31 and above years as reported by 63.33% of the respondents. Chi-square P-values pointed that age, HH size and farming
Muhammad Zain Saleem1,*, Raheela Akhtar1, Asim Aslam1, Muhammad Imran Rashid2, Zafar Iqbal Chaudhry1, Muhammad Adeel Manzoor1, Bilal Ahmed Shah3, Rais Ahmed4 and Muhammad Yasin5
...ts could be due to mixed farming of small and large ruminants, sharing of same pasture, presence of reservoirs host in a farm, which might be the main risk factors for cross-infection of Brucella species in their non-specific hosts. B. abortus could be identified as causative agent of caprine and ovine brucellosis in Pakistan. Results of this study can be used for the development of effective eradication and control strategies for brucellosis in ...
Fan Yi1,2, Xiaobin Yang1, Shigen Ye1, Hua Li1 and Ruijun Li1,*
...n in P. olivaceus farming potentially enhances P. olivaceus resistance against E. tarda infection.
... 
Abdul Kabir1, Laiba Uroog2*, Naushad Ahmad3, Fawad Ahmad3, Muhammad Saqib3, Noor Badshah4 and Taj Ali Khan3
...onment in herds of mixed farming. The study results may be helpful in developing the strategic policies against the control of disease. ...
Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi*
... practicing ones. Since, farming community has adopted rice crop in non-core areas of Indian Sub-continent where it was out of question before this. Climate change has a drastic effect for the development of this disease and still there are no remedies to tackle this problem. Environmental issues are also needed to be addressed in the future research agenda of this disease.
...
...
Arshad Farooq* and Muhammad Zafarullah Khan
... their interests in cane farming, sugar mills support, mono and poly agricultural practices, lack of agricultural extension activities etc. Training and awareness programs through various types of mass media should be launched for reducing the knowledge gap and to equip the cane farmers with latest technology. ...
Hafiz Umar Farid1, Muhammad Zubair2, Zahid Mahmood Khan1, Aamir Shakoor1*, Behzad Mustafa1, Aftab Ahmad Khan3, Muhamad Naveed Anjum4, Ijaz Ahmad5 and Muhammad Mubeen6
... low adoptability by the farming communities, despite their proven benefits. It was highly desirable to analyze and evaluate certain parameters which keep systems functional as well as ensure adoptability of these systems at farmer’s fields. A total of 30 sites were selected randomly in Punjab province of Pakistan where HEIS were installed. Twelve parameters were selected based on the survey conducted that influenced the HEIS functionality as well as ado...
An Empirical Analysis of Livestock Activities of the Model Farm Service Center in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Tariq Shah1*, Umar Hayat1, Muhammad Suleman Bacha2 and Muhammad3
... boost the prosperity in farming community. ...
Shahid Ali1*, Asim Khan1, Aftab Khan1 and Bakhtawar Riaz2
...rience farmers in tomato farming. Government also needs to allocate more funds for extension services to provide formal and informal education to tomato growers. ...
Ayat Ullah* and Ayesha Khan
...ease their visits to the farming community and may reach maximum farmers and encourage them to visit the extension office for seeking information. ...
Mehran Ahmad, Syed Attaullah Shah and Shahid Ali*
...mated coefficient of net farming (dummy) is 0.25; implies that tomato yield with net farming is 25 percent more than traditional production technology. DAP, Nitrate and Urea, labor and FYM had positive significant effects on tomato yield. Estimated allocative efficiencies of DAP, Nitrate and FYM, were greater than 1, indicating that growers were underutilizing these inputs. This might be due to growers’ lack of knowled...
Shumaila Sadiq1,2*, Abdul Saboor2, Fouzia Jamshaid3, Abdul Qayyum Mohsin2 and Azeem Khalid2
...y predominantly targeted farming community to determine farmers’ climate change vulnerability index among 9 agro-climatic zones of Pakistan by using data sets from PMD (1981-2010) and HIES (2010-11). Findings revealed that farmers in KPK and Balochistan were the most while farmers in Mixed Punjab and Cotton-Wheat Sindh were the least vulnerable to climate change. In depth analysis of variables of sub-indices suggested that weather related hazards, couple...
Ayub Khan* and Ghaffar Ali
... be generated from local farming community to implement the suggested program, and in this direction the concerned government and non-government organizations can play key role in educating and mobilizing farmers ...
Rizwan Ahmad and Muhammad Zulfiqar*
...how that age of farmers, farming experience and education level of the farmers are positively and significantly, except education, associated with perception regarding climate change. However, size of HH, farming types and area under cultivation are negatively associated. Whereas association is insignificant in respect of farming types and area under cultivation. Regarding farmers’ a...
Sanaullah and Urooba Pervaiz*
...the delivery of improved farming practices through extension trainings. Tomato income was increased with a significant mean difference of Rs.104457 after extension recommendations. It is concluded that extension department performed well in the empowerment of farmers and increasing crop yield in the study area. The study recommends need based trainings for growers, availability of credit/loan facilities, provision of subsidized inputs and irrigation water in t...
Aftab Khan1, Shahid Ali1, Murtaza1, Sufyan Ullah Khan2 and Syed Attaullah Shah1
...hat might be due to poor farming skills of the sampled respondents, lack of information regarding application of such inputs and lack of availability of credit to them to use the appropriate and recommended dose of these inputs. Allocative efficiencies of tractor hours, FYM and labour were 1.16, 1.02 and 0.97, respectively, suggesting that these inputs were efficiently utilized. Facilitation of maize growers with subsidized and timely availability of inputs, p...
Sajjad Ali1, Atta-ur-Rahman1 and Sher Ali2*
...nfrastructure instead of farming remains at the same speed till 2055, there will be no agricultural land in the tehsil for farming. Population increase is the main cause of such firm land loss. Statistical technique like central tendencies, dispersion and co-efficient of correlation were applied on population, area under built-up environment, cultivated area and crop production in the study area. During the study period from...
Mustasim Famous*, Obaidul Islam, Shameema Khatun, Mohammed Mustafizur Rahman and Tania Ferdoushi
... and prospects of turkey farming in different turkey farms of Sylhet district of Bangladesh. Data were collected from 6 turkey farms under the Sylhet region. The observation was taken of status of farmers, source of technical support, the turkey flock size (according to age variation), feed intake, housing system, feeding system, quantity of feed supplied to each turkey/day, floor space, feeder space, waterer space uses in turkey marketing age, weight, price o...
Muhammad Sharif1*, Sadullah1, Ghulam Rasool2, Muhammad Nasir Khan1, Zubair Rehman1, Ahmed Khan2, Ijaz Ahmad3 and Khalid Hussain4
...o explore an alternative farming system which improves soil properties, environment friendly and provide sufficient crop yield. Conservation tillage system is successfully practiced worldwide as a resource conserving techniques. Therefore, an experiment was conducted under the treatments, i.e. conventional tillage (CT), Zero tillage (ZT) and Chisel plough (CP) during the year 2016 at the field research area of Balochistan Agriculture College, Quetta. The study...
Ejaz Ashraf1*, Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel2, Umar Mumtaz1, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan3 and Abdul Naveed4
...those were not active in farming system (above the age of 60 years) was prepared with the help of Field Staff of the Extension Department of district Sargodha. Finally, 425 potential respondents were identified from which sample of 120 respondents was randomly selected. The data were collected by using interview schedule. Descriptive as well as inferential statistics were employed for interpretation of the desired results. Significant association was observed ...
Muhammad Qasim1*, Said Qasim2, Muhammad Naeem1, Amir Nawaz Khan3 and Shahid Iqbal4
...ected for the study i.e. farming fishers, fishing farmers and occasional fishers, through two stage cluster sampling. Livelihoods asset pentagons were used for the analysis. Considerable decline in physical and economic assets were noted among all the three types of fishers, whereas the total value of livelihood assets for farming fishers deteriorated from 0.40 in 2001 to 0.33 in 2016. The study recommends that concerned aut...
Wajid Shah Yousafzai1, Irfan Ullah1*, Amjad Ali1, Mahmood Iqbal2 and Salman Khan1
... economic benefit of the farming community in Pakistan, therefore analyzing its potential remain major focus in various studies. Current study has been designed with main aim to estimate the allocative efficiency of onion production in District swat. Using multistage sampling technique cross sectional data was collected from 105 sample respondents in three villages (Aboha, Manyar and Parrai) of Tehsil Barikot, district Swat. Simple Linear Regression Model was ...
Raheel Saqib1*, Muhammad Luqman2, Iqbal Javed3, Abdur Rehman4, Muhammad Yaseen2, Saleem Ashraf5 and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed2
...holds used to adopt only farming as their major livelihood strategy. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that problem of poverty and hunger (PPH) can easily be estimated from different livelihood assets like education, ability to produce enough food, access to rural advisory (extension) services, access to financial support structures (in the form of social safety nets) and crop diversification strategies. ...
Shahid Ali1*, Farhan1, Murtaza1, Neelum Andaleeb2 and Amjad Ali1
...efficiency while age and farming experience of the sampled respondents were statistically insignificant. It is recommended that extension department should train farmers to improve their farming skills and provide them formal as well as informal education to enhance the technical efficiency of wheat growers. ...
Turab Ali Kaurajo1*, Huma Rizwana1, Gulbahar Khaskheli2, Muhammad Haroon Baloch1, Muhammad Naeem Rajput1, Asad Ali Khaskheli3 and Mohsin Solangi1
...onal methods. The modern farming does not exit and extension services are rarely available to motivate and educate the camel herders. Higher load carrying capacity, hair production and body weight was observed in Kharai breed, however; milk production and lactation length was better in Dhatti breed. ...
Iffat Nawaz1*, Farhatullah1, Fida Muhammad1, Sajid Ali2 and Ghulam Muhammad Ali3
... accessions grown by the farming community in Himalaya region are an important source of genetic diversity. A total of 96 indigenous accessions of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were collected from three different areas of Himalaya region of Pakistan. In all accessions, 78.1% were collected from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa while 11.5% from Kashmir and 10.4% from Gilgit Baltistan. Primary evaluation of seed characteristics was done according to International Board...
Muhammad Bakhtiar Khan1 and Jangraiz Khan2*
...nomic analysis of Tunnel farming of off-season vegetables has been done for district Peshawar. Primary data was collected from eighty-four farmers who had grown off-season vegetables through tunnel-farming, and seasonal vegetables without tunnel and their productivity were compared. It was found that output per acre in tunnel was significantly higher than that of without tunnel. All the three vegetables viz tomato, cucumber ...
Saba1, Shahnaz Akhtar1, Waqar Khalid2* and Saifullah Khan3
...clusion in the livestock farming operations. The findings of this study recommend that the importance of rural women’s involvement in the livestock sector should be identified in federal and provincial government plans and agricultural policy formulations. The study also recommends that the provision of agriculture credit facilities and livestock training facilities to women farmers could stimulate their involvement in livestock practices and anticipates...
Chen Shi, Jianlong Zhang and Guanghui Teng*
...t of precision livestock farming that closely related to the growth characteristics and traits. It is significant for monitoring and understanding the pig growth at different stages effectively. In this study, the experiment adopted a management and data acquisition system based on LabVIEW, which automatically acquired and recorded the body measurements and body weights of 30 pigs during 90-day grower-finisher stage. Three body ratios between two each body mea...
Sanaullah1*, Urooba Pervaiz1, Shahid Ali2, Mohammad Fayaz2 and Aftab Khan2
...e the impact of improved farming practices on maize yield in Bajaur Agency of Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) of Pakistan. A sample of 166 respondents was selected through multistage stratified random sampling technique. Data were collected with the help of a pre-tested and validated well-structured interview schedule. Analysis was carried through multiple regression and independent sample t-test. Results indicated that extension visits, involvement...
Gong Ga1,2 and SuoLang Sizhu2,*
... raw pork and mixed farming of different species of domestic animals are consumed traditionally. In this study, 173 serum samples of Tibetan swine were tested for anti-HEV IgM and IgG antibodies by the ELISA. HEV RNA were measured in feces (n=173), serum (n=173) and tissue ((including liver, spleen, kidney and intestine, n=21) by nested RT-PCR and qRT-PCR. HEV antigens were detected in tissues by immunohistochemistry analysis. Overall, we found that ...
Aftab Khan1, Shahid Ali1*, Asim Khan1, Muhammad Waqas1 and Sufyan Ullah Khan2
...ified that education and farming experience has negative and significant effect on farmers’ inefficiency. It is recommended that maize farmers need to be provided with formal as well as informal education, agricultural trainings and credit on easy terms for purchase of costly inputs. ...
Muhammad Shuaib Khan1, Shakeeb Ullah1, Nisha. A.R2, Muhammad Umar3, Muhammad Inamullah Malik1*, Syed Muhammad Kamal Shah1, A. Zaman1, Shakir Ullah1, Imdad Ullah1, Sumera Ali Khan4
...lon Pro";">Domestic farming has a great contribution in rural agriculture, livestock and dairy sectors of Pakistan. Their help ranges from the crop and livestock production to cottage industry. The women in rural societies of Pakistan deliver many farm duties especially in the Punjab province, anterior Sindh, KP, Gilgat-Baltistan and Baluchistan. In the hilly areas men and women of the rural community use the donkeys for daily practice work like fetching ...
Arshad Farooq1*, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan2, Abdul Hassan1, Muhammad Ishaq3 and Asif Nawaz2
...ear increase in the cane farming experience of the farmers would likely bring 6 percent reduction in the knowledge gap of the farmers. The results further explained that land owners had more knowledge gap than that of tenant farmers while contact with the agriculture extension department reduces the knowledge gap of sugarcane recommended management practices. The results further show that the coefficient value of knowledge gap of district Mardan farmers is hig...
Shah Nawaz Khuhro1*, Irshad Ali Junejo1, Muhammad Haroon Hullio1, Mohammad Farooque Hassan2, Sultan Ahmed Maitlo3 and Mukhtiar Ahmed Shaikh4
...ards. In our country the farming community not has information on safe handling and applies of pesticides. ...
Ghani Akbar
...table due to traditional farming methods. Therefore, this paper is aimed to investigate the key agricultural issues and to identify strategies for utilizing the full potential of agriculture for improving livelihood in this region. This study indicated that climate change induced hazards of land degradation and water scarcity due to frequent floods and droughts, decline in traditional springfed Kuhl (gravity channel) irrigation system, low productivity of crop...
Abdus Salam* and Muhammad Zafarullah Khan
...test technologies to the farming communities and motivating them for its adoption can be achieved through better use of communication among relevant stakeholders. The existing extension and communication strategies used in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province have many limitations. The present study was thus conducted to compare and analyze the farmers’ perceptions regarding use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in agriculture extension at three...
Asif Nawaz1*, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan1, Rehmat Ullah1, Arshad Farooq2 and Abdul Hassan2
Assessment of Weed Management Competency of Field Assistants in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
...xtension services to the farming community regarding weeds management. Thus, this study was conducted to assess the weeds management competency level of Field Assistants of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Agriculture Extension Department. Data from 234 randomly selected Field Assistants were collected through pre-tested and validated interview schedule to achieve study objectives. Results showed that highest ranked weeds management competencies at possessed level were fami...
Kemi F. Omotesho*, Adedamola V. Adetayo, Adeniyi F. Akinrinde and Deborah A. Olabode
Challenges to the Adoption of Agricultural Innovations: The Case of Yam Minisett Technology in Kwara State, Nigeria
...n average of 28 years of farming experience. Only 58.5 percent of the farmers had adopted the YMT. Training was most required in the preparation of minisett dust and insecticide application (MWDS= 3.58). Reasons for non-adoption of the technology included wrong perception of the technology, low technological know-how and increased production cost with mean scores of 2.92. High cost of production (MS=2.57), unavailability and poor quality of dust and insecticid...
Hina Fatima1*, Sania Shaheen2, Lal Khan Almas3 and Sehrish Haroon4
Profit Efficiency among Transplanting and Direct Seeded Rice Producers (Case Study of Certain Rice Growing Areas of Province Punjab, Pakistan)
...hrough adopting improved farming practices and production techniques. Moreover, the results also demonstrated that farmer’s education, age, farming experience, extension service facility and land tenancy considerably effects profit efficiency of rice producers. Therefore, the efficiency of rice farmers can be improved through increase in the number of educated people in farming syste...
Asif Nawaz*, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan, Rehmat Ullah, Khalid Nawab and Urooba Pervaiz
Investigation of Professional Competency Level and Training Needs of Field Assistants in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
...xtension services to the farming community. Therefore, it is vital for administration and management of the extension organizations to investigate competency level of their staff so that training can be provided to them for successful execution of extension tasks. Hence, this study was designed with objective to inspect professional competency level and training needs of Field Assistants of Agriculture Extension Department Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. A sample of 234 r...
Fazli Rabbi1*, Muhammad Idrees2, Shahid Ali1, Muhammad Zamin3 and Hazrat Bilal4
Farmers Perceptions and Adoption of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in Peach (Prunus persica L.) Production and Marketing
...eived ICTs as useful for farming activities. The analysis also revealed that 58.5% of the farmers are of the view that ICTs have facilitated their access to markets and information. While others 78.6 % opinioned that ICTs have reduced the influence of the middle man in peach (P. persica L.) marketing. The findings further show a positive association between ICTs use and farmers’ socioeconomic and farm-level characteristics. More educated farmers and thos...
Sajad Ali1*, Jangraiz Khan2, Arshadullah Jadoon3, Muhammad Riaz4 and Abid Khan1
Evaluation of Farmers Socioeconomic Characteristics Influencing Tomato Output in District Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
...nvolvement, family size, farming experience, age, and source of income and land size. The results showed a highly significant positive relationship of tomato production with all socio-economic factors except female involvement in the study area. Therefore, extension services and training should be fortified through extension agents for those farmers having no basic education for improving their skills and production of tomato, in turn it will contribute the de...
Ejaz Ashraf1*, Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel2, Saima Sadaf1, Adnan Ahmad1, Usman Rafique1 and Muhammad Arshad Javed1
An Assessment of Farmers’ Awareness Level Regarding Integrated Farming System in District Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan
...hallenges. An integrated farming system (IFS) holds a special position with the central concept that nothing is supposed to be wasted here. It is an integrated approach to farming compared with existing monoculture approach. It passes on to an agricultural system that integrates crop production and livestock. IFS helps small scale farmers to increase cash income, improve quality and quantity of food produced by methodical ex...
Ejaz Ashraf1*, Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel2, Saima Sadaf1, Adnan Ahmad1, Usman Rafique1 and Muhammad Arshad Javed1
An Assessment of Farmers’ Awareness Level Regarding Integrated Farming System in District Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan
...hallenges. An integrated farming system (IFS) holds a special position with the central concept that nothing is supposed to be wasted here. It is an integrated approach to farming compared with existing monoculture approach. It passes on to an agricultural system that integrates crop production and livestock. IFS helps small scale farmers to increase cash income, improve quality and quantity of food produced by methodical ex...
Zakeer Ahmed Khan Abbasi* and Allah Nawaz
...e awareness empowers the farming communities to take appropriate measures to mitigate the negative consequences of this phenomenon but the responses are not necessarily identical in scale and forms . In developed countries, climate change awareness is much advanced therefore, their climate change adaptations are also far better than those employed by farmers in the developing countries like Pakistan. The climate change awareness obviously determines the nature...
Abdul Waheed*, Asim Faraz, Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq
...";">As desi poultry farming is an integral part of rural households everywhere in Pakistan, therefore a preliminary study was launched to highlight some aspects of this farming system prevailing in southern Punjab. For this reason data was collected from 30 households and was subjective to descriptive statistical analysis. The farmer’s family size averaged 6.4±1.6 with average monthly income of Rs. 14322.6&...
Murtaza1, Syed Attaullah Shah1*, Shahid Ali1, Amjad Ali1 and Asia Baig2
Economic Analysis of Maize Production in Central Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
...squo;s formal education, farming experience and level of involvement in agriculture and combined family structure as important factors significantly reducing inefficiency in maize production. The study recommends formal education and agricultural training for maize growers, provision of subsidy for hybrid seeds and chemical fertilizers and price support for their produce during harvest season....
Oluwatoyin Olagunju1* and Luqman Abiodun Akinbile2
Farmers Perceptions of the Effect of Rural Transportation Systems on Farming Income in Ondo State, Nigeria
...erated by the farmers on farming activities. Based on the results of the study, it could be inferred that improved transport systems would enable farmers to work harder to increase productivity and reduce poverty in rural areas. The study recommended the development of motorable roads with sufficient infrastructure and the establishment of an agency or board capable of monitoring rural infrastructure, in particular, transport infrastructure to promote easy mov...
Muhammad Jan1*, Tanveer ul Haq2, Hina Sattar3, Madiha Butt4, Abdul Khaliq5, Muhammad Arif6 and Abdul Rauf7
...excellent choice for the farming community. The field trial was conducted with the aspect to screen out the drought-tolerant variety of chick pea keeping in view the physiological and biochemical attributes under drought conditions. Drought stress adversely reduced the vegetative growth in term of primary branches, secondary branches and pod yield. Based on biochemical, morphological and physiological parameters a significant difference was observed among the ...
Shahzad Malik* and Ayesha Khan
Gap Analysis of Farmers’ Capacity Building by Public and Private Agriculture Extension Sectors in Central Plain Valley of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
...ting techniques, organic farming, integrated pest management, seed rate ratio and orchard layout. Overall, there was a big gap in the performance of the public sector extension and private sector extension in capacity building. It is therefore, recommended that both the Public and Private Agriculture Extension Sector should work on joint venture basis and hold joint extension activities for the betterment of farming communit...
Israr Yasin1, Ismail Qureshi1*, Shahjahn Qaimkhani1, Gulam Mustafa Solangi3, Ismail Qaimkhani1, Ismail Brohi1 and Abdul Ahad Soomro2
A Perspective on Household Dairy Farming in District Naushahro Feroze, Sindh, Pakistan
...ation on household dairy farming with special reference to management of livestock, milk production and marketing as well as role of livestock in household income in district Naushahro Feroze of Sindh-Province Pakistan. Six hundred households were selected from 40 villages in four out of nine Talukas (administrative units) using multistage clustering method. Estimates of the study revealed that 54% of the households possessed buffaloes. Average number of buffa...
Kanwar Muhammad Raheel Mehboob1, Rashid Iqbal2*, Muhammad Israr3,4, Jaweria Shamshad5, Umair Riaz6, Muhammad Habib-ur-Rahman7,8, Fawad Ali9, Arif Nawaz10, Maliha Sarfraz11, Abdul Waheed12, Muhammad Tahir Khan13 and Muhammad Aslam2
Assessment of the Consequences of Heat Changes on Cotton Cultivars Growth, Phenology and Yield at Different Sowing Regimes
...as entire development of farming crops. All periods of phenology of crops are temperature sensitive. Hence, information on appropriate temperature for best yield is significant so as to get maximum production. In current examination, a field test was directed to evaluate the phenology, relative development, ideal sowing time, comparative growth just as yield execution of three cultivars of Bacillus thuringiensis Cotton (Bt. Cotton) at different sowing systems ...
Rana Shahzad Noor1,2, Fiaz Hussain2, Irfan Abbas3, Muhammad Umair2, Abu Saad2, Muhammad Umar Farooq4 and Yong Sun1*
Assessing Sustainability of Rainfed Wheat (Triticum Aestivum) Production under Various Soil Tillage Systems: An Energy and Economic Analysis
...re measured in CT and ZT farming treatments, respectively. The maximum and lowest energy values were calculated in PT (6.03) and CT (5.14), respectively. The maximum specific energy measured was (7.17 MJ kg-1) in ZT treatment, while the least specific energy was calculated in the RT (6.54 MJ kg-1). Soil tillage systems have sequence in term of net energy values (MJ) as PT> RT> CT> ZT. The profitability of ZT, PT, RT and CT were 0.95, 0.69, 0.52 and 0....
Md. Aminul Islam1*, A.N.M. Aminoor Rahman2, Mohammad Shah Alam3 and Md. Taimur Islam4
Gastrointestinal Nematodiasis in Quail in Bangladesh
...t-align: justify;">Quail farming becoming more popular day by day in Bangladesh. Gastrointestinal nematodiasis is an important cause of loss of quail production. Our study report is an attempt to find out the prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodiasis in quail in Bangladesh. A total of 200 fecal samples were collected from quail farms from various regions of Bangladesh. The fecal samples analyzed by direct smear methods and nematodes identified by the presenc...
Muhammad Yaseen1*, Xu Shiwei2, Yu Wen2, Ejaz Ashraf1, Muhammad Luqman1, Muhammad Ameen3 and Sadia Hassan4
Farmers Behavior to Participate in Public Sector Agricultural Extension Services: Comparative Analysis of Pakistan and China
...educational level of the farming community together with the involvement of youth in agricultural farming and agro-based enterprises to achieve sustainable rural livelihood and improved living standards....
Sri Nuryani Hidayah Utami*, Andin Muhammad Abduh, Eko Hanudin and Benito Heru Purwanto
Study on the NPK Uptake and Growth of Rice under Two different Cropping Systems with different Doses of Organic Fertilizer in the Imogiri Subdistrict, Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia
...d rice growth in organic farming using the grid system and the cropping system with longitudinal rows given space in between. The distance between plants within a row is 12.5 cm, and the distance between rows is 25 cm. A PFA of 50 cm is given for every two rows of rice plants. The before-mentioned cropping system is called Jarwo 2:1. The fertilization treatment for both rice cropping systems was the same, which is a mixture of cow manure and neem compost (1:1)...
Mehnaz Safdar and Urooba Pervaiz*
Constraints in Accessing Agricultural Extension Services by Rural Women: Evidence from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
... were arranged for women farming community hindering women in getting desirable field production. Various cultural constraints i.e. pardah, language barrier, and mobility had negative impact on farming operations. It is recommended there is dire need to establish female extension staff. Government should provide basic trainings and subsidized inputs to women in the study area....
Muhammad Yaseen1*, Muhammad Luqman1*, Zahoor Hussain2, Usman Saleem3, Asif Nawaz1, Tahir Munir Butt4 and Muhammad Umer Mehmood1
Assessment of Knowledge Level and Information Sources of Vegetable Growers regarding Tunnel Farming in District Sargodha
...hose expenditures tunnel farming to a maximum level can give us a way forward. This transverse study has the Sargodha district as its universe. All the vegetable growers who used to grow off-season vegetables were the population of the study. The snowball sampling technique led us to have 8 off-season vegetable growers in Sargodha tehsil, 13 in Bhulwal, 27 in Bhera, 17 in Kot Momin, 9 in Shah pur, 11 in Sillanwali, and 5 in Sahiwal. This way a sample of 90 res...
Muhammad Javaid1*, Unsar Naeem-Ullah1, Waheed S. Khan2, Shafqat Saeed1, Mirza Abdul Qayyum1 and Muhammad Arslan Khan1
Role of Nanotechnology in Crop Protection and Production: A Review
... facilitate in precision farming, targeted use of inputs i.e. nanofertilizers and to overcome the environmental stress seed treatments with nanoparticles, to improve the crop yield use of smart gene delivery system. This technology can also be useful for sustainable water use and irrigation water filtration. It also plays an important role in pollution reduction. Green revolution of any developing countries can be achieved by adopting nanotechnology....
Muhammad Luqman1*, Roshan Hussain1, Muhammad Yaseen1, Muhammad Umer Mehmood1, Ijaz Asghar2 and Usman Saleem1
Comparative Analysis of Dietary Intake Patterns of Rural and Urban Communities of Southern Punjab, Pakistan
...endent upon business and farming as their livelihood source. Among rural communities, food group of fats and sugars was much popular and urban community of study area was much inclined towards the food group of carbohydrates. Specifically, in breakfast both of the communities prefer proteins with fats and sugar commodities. In lunch rural community is much attracted towards carbohydrates and dairy products, while urban community prefers wheat bread with fruits...
Sanaullah1*, Abdul Basit2 and Inayat Ullah3
Challenges and Prospects of Farm Mechanization in Pakistan: A Case Study of Rural Farmers in District Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
...hile 68% respondents had farming as their income source and land owners were 64% with small landholding (46%). The study exposed that illiteracy of the respondents (4.10), et al system (3.98), lack of trained machinery operators (4.27), access of roads to the farm (4.45), adequate capital (4.00) and costly inputs (3.80) were some of the challenges plaguing the use of agricultural mechanization in the rural area. It was established that agricultural mechanizati...
Luka Anthony*, Olugbenga Omotayo Alabi, Elizabeth Samuel Ebukiba and Vandi Gamba
...among small-holder rural farming households are the main focus to improve rice production and increase the income of the farmers. Primary data were used for this study. Data were obtained using a well-designed well-structured questionnaire. The questionnaires were administered to two hundred and seven (207) small-holder rural rice farming households. Multi-stage sampling technique was adopted. Data were analyzed using Multin...
Muhammad Tariq Chaudhary1, Saleem Ashraf 2, Muhammad Yaseen3 and Muhammad Luqman3
...espondents was rural and farming was key source of income for more than half of respondents (56.14%). Satisfaction with classroom facilities (Mean=2.47±0.67), higher grades in examination (Mean=2.39±0.77) and relevance of the coursework (Mean=2.38±0.75) learned at training institutes helped respondents to get through the recruitment process. Regression analysis affirmed that extra-curricular activities (P<0.05), being a sportsman, (P<...
Raheel Saqib1*, Muhammad Luqman2, Saleem Ashraf3, Tahir Munir Butt4, Abdur Rehman5, Imtiaz Hussain6 and Muhammad Umer Mehmood2
...-height: normal;">Family farming is basically a system to establish a set up for forestry, agricultural, fisheries, countryside and aquaculture production. Through family farming employment generation takes place and unemployment issue prevailing in the society minimizes. The output of the family farm is high productivity and enhancement in farm income. Directly or indirectly, family farming
Muhammad Yaseen1, Xu Shiwei2, Yu Wen2, Muhammad Luqman1*, Raheel Saqib3, Muhammad Ameen4, Sadia Hassan5 and Tahir Munir Butt6
...ledge building among the farming community. Farmers use various traditional and modern information sources such as extension field staff, fellow farmers, private sector, electronic media, print media, and information communication technologies (ICTs) gadgets to get the latest information necessary for agricultural productivity. This study aimed to explore the patterns of farmers to access and receive information from different sources. A well-structured and ex...
Tariq Ali Mastoi1, Zulfiqar Ali Mastoi2*, Zahoor Ahmed Khetran3, Ghulam Hussain Alizai2, Binish Baig4, Mitha Khan2 and Syed Jahangir Shah1
...nts had old and outdated farming techniques in practice. The mainstream 35.72% respondents obtained credits upto Rs. 40,001-50,000 and others 33.92% secured loan up to Rs.50,001-80,000. It was reported that 51.25 % respondents considered that procedures of the credit are more complicated and difficult to be followed. However, 63.75 % revealed that Passbook is one of the obstacles in getting loan. On the basis of findings, it is suggested that inquire about per...
Saleem Maseeh Bhatti1*, Muhammad Aslam Panhwar1, Zohaib ur Rehman Bughio1, Muhammad Saleem Sarki1, Allah Wadhayo Gandahi1, and Niaz Ahmed Wahocho2
...e included in strawberry farming for profitable yields and high Zn concentration in strawberry fruit....
Asim Faraz1*, Abdul Waheed1, Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq1 and Muhammad Shahid Nabeel2
...ial for commercial camel farming and it could be the source for future food production especially in arid and semi-arid areas of Pakistan. Research work on production potential of Marecha camel is scanty. In the current study, 10 male Marecha calves (Camelus dromedarius) around 300±30 days of age were weaned at 9 months age and used in 90 days trial to study their growth rate. Calves were raised in two groups with 5 each under stall-fed condition...
Talat Farid Ahmed1*, Shamim-ul-Sibtain Shah1, Ashfaq Ahmed Sheikh2, Hashim Nisar Hashmi3, Muhammad Atiqullah Khan1 and Muhammad Azeem Afzal1
...tion of the area, stable farming in the Pachad area and providing maximum use of flood water for agriculture to increase production and ultimately for socio-economic uplift of the area. The data regarding flood levels and topographic maps have collected from Irrigation and NESPAK departments. It is concluded that by the Construction of Management Structures for Hill Torrents will resulted; enhanced cultivable area i.e. over 90,000 acres annually, resulted thou...
Mohammad Tariq Aziz* and Ayesha Khan
... above matric, 45.5% had farming experience of 1-10 years while 67% have knowledge about agriculture extension department. All the respondents have knowledge about ICTs in which mobile phone was owned by 42.8% respondents in the research area followed by TV (25%) and radio (17.0%) while respondents who have telephone was recorded as 15.2% as a ICT tool. In the research area 7.1% of the respondent avail information through TV program, 9.9% through radio broadca...
Muhammad Yamin1*, Usama Ali Zafar1, Ghulam Usman2, Muhammad Nauman1, Muhammad Rizwan3, Muhammad Nadeem1, Muhammad Azhar Ali1 and Usman Haider1
...-align: justify;">Tunnel farming is getting popular in the farmer’s community of Pakistan due to the possibility of growing off-season vegetable crops with high yield in a controlled environment. In the current study, the development and validation of IoT system consisting of monitoring and control units were carried out for controlling the environmental factors in tunnel farming. Three tunnels were set for monitoring ...
Rahat Rukhsana1, Shahnaz Rashid2, Asma Fatima2, Owais Iqbal Khan3, Syed Babar Hussain Shah4, Mumtaz Ali4 and Ghulam Abbas2*
...ters for fish and shrimp farming. Water samples (n = 3 each) were collected from these farms and analyzed for contents of ammonia, alkalinity, temperature, nitrate, salinity, nitrite, pH, total hardness, dissolved oxygen (DO), chlorophyll-a and phytoplankton-density during the period from March, 2015 to June, 2016. The chlorophyll-a concentration was determined by using the acetone extraction technique. Ponds water sample (50 liters) was filtered through plank...
Summara Abbasi* and Khalid Nawab
...rage age of 51 years and farming experience of upto 11 years. Results from the binary logistic model indicate that number of family members, farm knowledge, accessibility of extension services, gender, credit access, farm size, farming experience, and crossbreeds’ availability had a positive association with dairy technology adoption, while age and market distance had a negative association. According to the study resu...
Mehnaz Safdar1, Urooba Pervaiz1* and Dawood Jan2
...cision making process of farming and family matters. Rural women have less access to farm inputs and less income generating opportunities. It is concluded that non-availability of timely technical knowledge and extension services, low family income, less access to farm inputs and inadequate income generating opportunities were the major constraints. Women farmers should be given easy and quick opportunity to open bank account, credit facilities and agriculture...
Amar Iqbal Saqib, Khalil Ahmed*, Muhammad Khalid Bhatti, Ghulam Qadir, Muhammad Qaisar Nawaz, Muhammad Ashfaq Anjum, Abdul Rasul Naseem, Aftab Ahmad Sheikh and Belqees Akhter
...ble rainfall changes and farming community is compelled to use underground brackish water. Therefore, a lysimetric study was undertaken to remediate hazardous effects of brackish water on rice-wheat crops through practicable and economical methods in two different textured soils. Treatments were: (A) Types of soils. 1) sandy loam, 2) clay loam, (B) Remedial strategies, 1). canal water, 2) saline-sodic tube well water (continuous), 3) three irrigations of tube ...
Shaista Shafi* and Amjad Farooq
...n be recommended for the farming of brassica crops....
Ain-ul-Abad Syed1*, Zaheer Ahmed Khan1, Shakeel Hussain Chattha1, Irfan Ahmed Shaikh2, Mian Noor Hussain Asghar Ali1, Zohaib ur Rehman Bughio3, Shahzad Hussain Dahri2 and Ghous Bakhsh Buriro4
...stitute for conventional farming practices that could conserve water, fertilizer and generate more sustainable food vertically and horizontally. Two treatments were performed, each with two replications. The treatments included hydroponic (soil-less) and geoponic (soil) spinach seed cultivation. The seed was initially grown in a seedling tray before being transferred onto a prepared plot and a hydroponic model, respectively. All the standard materials (made of...
Pukhtoon Yar1*, Salman Khan2, Du Ying1 and Muhammad Israr3
...ad shedding, traditional farming practices, poor extension services, high prices of fertilizers, land insecurity, etc. The outcomes of this study showed that the successful completion of CPEC related projects in the energy sector and infrastructure development will boost the agricultural output, provide job opportunities and poverty eradication. ...
Ghani Akbar*, Muhammad Asif and Zafar Islam
...is sativus) under tunnel farming compared with traditional open-air farming method in Potohar, a rainfed area in Pakistan. The results indicated increased production potential per unit of land (46%) and per unit of water (74%) and larger farm income (3.47 BCR) than the traditional open-air farming method. These production benefits can be instrumental in improving livelihood and nutrition o...
Hina Fatima1*, Bushra Yasmin2 and Lal Khan Almas3
...n advanced and intensive farming techniques to attain self-sufficiency in production. This study conducted the efficiency and productivity analysis by applying the parametric and non-parametric techniques to evaluate the optimal utilization of farm resources in multiple cropping system and the efficiency gains from tunnel technology. The data were collected from 150 multiple bitter gourd-capsicum cropping system farms. The empirical findings yielded an average...
Tanmoy Mandal1 and Sunil Kr. Ghosh2*
...ntrol to promote organic farming.
...
Asim Faraz1*, Abdul Waheed1, Nasir Ali Tauqir2 and Muhammad Shahid Nabeel3
Zhongyong Wu1, Wenzhu Li2, Chunxia Ni1, Zhuolin He1, Xiao Hou1 and Wanxia Pu1*
...nt. Differences in dairy farming practices, geographical environments, and the use of antibiotics may be the reasons for the varied distribution of different genotypes in those provinces.
...
Naveed Farah1*, Izhar Ahmad Khan1, Asif Ali Abro2, Jehanzeb Masood Cheema3 and Muhammad Luqman4*
...ed toward more intensive farming from traditional extensive agriculture in response to declining agricultural land and, the 65.2 % (Faisalabad) and 71.8 % (Sahiwal) of respondents rely on farming plus non-farming activities as alternate livelihood strategies. The results of independent T-test reveals that the human and social assets index show an improved livelihood in Faisalabad. However,...
Muhammad Yaseen*, Muhammad Adnan, Muhammad Luqman, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed and Muhammad Umer Mehmood
...pectively. Lack of basic farming knowledge and skills is the topmost factor hindering youth involvement in agricultural activities with a mean value of 4.63 and S.D. value of 0.522. The government should give loans to youth for establishing their agriculture business ranked at 1st with a mean value of 4.72 for youth priorities in agricultural activities. Results of this study would be helpful for public and private sector institutions working for youth engagem...
Kemi Funmilayo Omotesho1*, Philip Akintunde Fatodu1 and Toyin Benedict Ajibade2
... and average of 12 years farming experience. Farmers’ level of record keeping was low (Mean=2.26), and their attitude was poor (index=0.43). Farmers’ knowledge of record keeping was fair (index=0.66) while they had high intensions towards keeping records (index=0.77). Farmers’ overall behavior was fair (index=0.62) and determined by years of schooling (β=0.034) and age (β=0.013) at P<0.05. Poor understanding of the importance of ...
Muhammad Yaseen1*, Muhammad Sallam Shahzad2, Farhat Ullah Khan2, Muhammad Luqman1, Usman Saleem3 and Shoaib Nasir4
... for the majority of the farming community residing in the rice zone. Public sector advisory services are considered as a pillar for agricultural crop productivity; therefore, the present study was designed to explore the role of public sector advisory services for rice productivity as perceived by the farming community in the Narowal District. A multi-stage sampling technique was used for this study; firstly, one tehsil out...
Iffat Nawaz1*, Tahseen Zeb1, Bibi Saima Zeb2 and Javaria Sherani3
...ultivated in traditional farming systems are the sole source of its production. 108 land races of beans including 96 landraces of Himalayan region, the ten Mesoamerican and the two Andean genotypes were evaluated at three locations during 2015 and 2016 at the Summer Agricultural Research Station Kaghan, Batakundi Potato Seed Farm Batakundi and Agricultural Research Station Baffa, Mansehra. This two year study is pioneer in Pakistan with an objective to documen...
Ayesha Khan1*, Asmatullah2, Urooba Perviaz1, Khalid Nawab1 and Mahmood Iqbal1
... selected crops. Organic farming is the dire need of the day; to overcome the excessive use of chemical fertilizers alternative methods are adopted to decrease use of fertilizers. One of the techniques for organic farming is EM-Technology. EM-Technology is used in addition with animal manure and other organic wastes effectively in agriculture. The universe of the study was Malakand division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The EM-Tech...
Nawab Khan1, Ram L. Ray2, Muhammad Ihtisham3*, Badar Naseem Siddiqui4*, Muhammad Khayyam5, Raheel Anjum6 and Simplice A. Asongu7
..., and they had excellent farming knowledge and apple growing experience. Furthermore, a non-significant association exists between age and adoption, and a significant association between landholding and awareness about recommendations has been found. A non-significant association existed between apple-growing experience and awareness/ adoption of recommendations. It is recommended that apple growers need direct or indirect training about the latest technologie...
Muhammad Waryam Warraich1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Noor-us-Sabah1*, Ghulam Sarwar1, Muhammad Aftab2, Fakhar Mujeeb3, Muhammad Zeeshan Maznoor1, Aneela Riaz4 and Sarfraz Hussain2
...le losses from Pakistani farming system is very essential to sustain crop growth. Keeping in view of these issues, a pot study was performed at the departmental research area. The aim of the research was to depict the efficacy of the use of carbon sequestering fertilizer (compost, press mud and fly ash) along with conventional potassium fertilizers (MOP & SOP) on wheat growth and potassium availability in soil. Carbon sequestering fertilizers were applied ...
Safdar Ali1*, Muhammad Umar1, Bashir Ahmad Khan2, Ijaz Ahmed3, Amir Manzoor1, Muhammad Saqib Riaz1, Muhammad Irfan Arif1 and Asif Nawaz1
...e is subsistence kind of farming in Pothwar Region of Pakistan. The per unit area income of farmers is very low and the soils of this region are very poor. Mostly mono-cropping system is prevailing here. So, the pearl millet and mung bean were selected as test crops to evaluate the intercropping system in this region for the ultimate improvement of the net profitability of the farmers per unit area simultaneously not compromising with the food security and soi...
Arshad Farooq1, Abdul Hassan1, Muhammad Ishaq2, Asif Nawaz3*, Iltaf Ullah4 and Hidayatullah5
...ieties (20%) and organic farming (16.67%). Knowledge index revealed that both districts’ farmers had 35.71% knowledge level in fourteen different indicators in the study area. The farmers of district Charsadda had slightly high knowledge level (38.67%) compared to district Nowshera farmers (32.75%). Results of regression model showed that land holdings, formal education, agricultural extension department contact, and farm services centers membership had ...
Altaf Hussain1*, Muhammad Saad Ashraf3, Asim Shamim1, Mohsin Nawaz1, Arslan Mehboob2 and Urooj Fatima2
...usly threatening poultry farming. Despite the use of mass and intense vaccination regimens, the disease continues to sustain in many countries around the globe including Pakistan. However, to some extent, the epidemic strains and epidemic patterns predominant strains of IBDV in Pakistan is unclear. This highlights the need to characterize field strains of IBDV to ascertain the evidence of vaccine failure and to establish foundations for the development of vacc...
Mahreen Alam*, Muhammad Ashfaq, Sarfraz Hassan and Asghar Ali
...ilk yield to improve the farming community’s economic status. ...
Saba Iqbal, Asmat Ullah*, Muhammad Luqman, Hafiz Muhammad Akram, Muhammad Kashif Munir and Nawal Zafar
...acrificing income of the farming community and evidencing sustainability in production systems. Thus, a two years field study (during 2017-18 and 2018-19) was conducted at research area of Agronomic Research Station Khanewal, Punjab, Pakistan to compare the existing traditional winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) planting techniques (broadcast and drill) with the water efficient planting techniques (ridge and bed planting) to evaluate their water use efficienc...
Muhammad Niamatullah1, Abdur Rehman1* and Raheel Saqib2
...come of farmers had kept farming community above poverty line and the significant (P<0.05) relationships noticed between kinds of land and sources of irrigation, which in turn inducing farmers to become regular user of tube well irrigation. The significant (P<0.01) impact of inputs used on the adaptation of efficient networks of tube well irrigation in Dera Ismail Khan District. The results of the study concluded that those farmers who had used tube well...
Ndumiso Malusi1, Andrew Bamidele Falowo2, Yiseyon Sunday Hosu3,4, Emrobowansan Monday Idamokoro3,4*
.../p>...
Tahir Munir Butt1*, Azra2, Muhammad Luqman3, Naveed Farah4 and Muhammad Yaseen3
...who used to do vegetable farming using wastewater. Total sample size of the study was 240 vegetable growers. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected by conducting research survey. Interview schedule as well as interview guide was used as the research instruments. The data thus collected were analyzed using SPSS for interpretation. Findings revealed the most prominent reason behind wastewater irrigation was uncertainty about energy supply. In addition,...
Palwasha1, Siraj-ud-Din1 and Muhammad Fahim2*
Mohammad Mahmudi1,2*, Muhammad Musa1,2, Sulastri Arsad1,2, Evellin Dewi Lusiana1,2, Alamanda Bunga1, Nur Azlina Wati1
...pment of whiteleg shrimp farming industries has destroyed coastal environments due to land conversion, particularly mangroves. Recently, the concept of eco-green aquaculture by integrating mangroves and shrimp ponds has been discussed as an attempt to preserve mangrove forests as well as using them as wastewater treatment for aquaculture sewage. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of integrated super-intensive shrimp aquaculture with mangroves in t...
Abid Hussain1*, Saifullah Khan2, Shamas Liaqat3 and Shafiullah4
...zing pastures along with farming and toursims realted
activities have good potential to fulfill livelihood needs of the people along with farming and tourism related activities. Public and private sector initiatives to improve agricultural resource base of the area have also been identified in the article.
... 
Doaa Khairy1, Mohamed Ali Osman2 and Fatma Abdel Mohsen Mostafa1*
... sustainable and organic farming systems....
Husmaini1*, Riza Andesca Putra1, Indri Juliyarsi1, Tevina Edwin1, Linda Suhartati1, Aditya Alqamal Alianta1, Harmaini2
...spondents has 5-10 years farming experience, 56.14% respondents distributed in Jorong Koto Tuo, 98.2% respondend raising KCB as a side business, 56.1% of KCB was for breeding purposing, and 50.88% respondents owned of 25-50 chickens. The farmers still used a traditional maintenance system with natural mating, own seed sources, and hatching methods in maintenance management. There were cuts in KBC 59.65% with 277 chickens and sales of KBC 64.91% with 397 chicke...
Mashakgene Isaac Senoamadi, Thobela Louis, Tyasi Teedzai Chitura*
... parasites in a communal farming system of Limpopo province, South Africa. Twenty-six sheep and one-hundred and sixty-three goats were evaluated for clinical haemonchosis using the FAMACHA© diagnostic system. Information on the methods of control used by the smallholder farmers was gathered through a questionnaire-based survey that was carried out by interviewing forty-seven Small ruminants farmers (both males and females) of mixed ages. The average FAMAC...
Sajad Ali1*, Naeem Ur Rehman Khatak1, Shahab E. Saqib2 and Saleem ur Rehman1
...re rented land for their farming and livelihood. Land preparation, fertilizers, chemicals, and irrigation were significant factors influencing wheat productivity for owner cultivators, whereas age, household size, land preparation, fertilizers, chemicals, and irrigation were significant factors influencing wheat productivity for tenant wheat growers. The statistical value of the dummy variable revealed that the owner wheat growers had higher productivity (almo...
Arshad Farooq1, Muhammad Ishaq2, Abdul Hassan1, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan3 and Asif Nawaz3*
...advisory services to the farming community in district Mardan. This study was conducted with the objective to find out the impact of mobile phones on knowledge level of farmers about improved agricultural management techniques. Out of 203 subscribers (beneficiary farmers), sixty farmers were interviewed through interview schedule. Knowledge index was used for measuring farmers’ knowledge level. The study revealed that application of mobile phones decreas...
Md. Taimur Islam1*, Mirza Mienur Meher2, Anas Bin Harun3 and Md. Golam Haider1
...strict biosecurity, good farming practices and proper vaccination should be taken into consideration for the prevention of these respiratory diseases to ensure sustainable poultry production in Bangladesh....
Anis Suraya Mohamad Abir1, Sakinah Yusof1, Abd Rahaman Yasmin1,2, Abdul Rahman Omar1,3, Kok Lian Ho4, Wen Siang Tan1,5, Abdul Razak Mariatulqabtiah1,6*
...se in commercial poultry farming, as it can affect many production-system variables, such as size, performance and viability. Studies on the interactions between chicken bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (chBM-DCs) and FWPV and its recombinant viruses are limited compared to other avian viral infectious diseases. Therefore, this study characterised the response of chBM-DCs to infection with the wild-type (WT) FP9 strain of FWPV compared to a recombinant FWPV...
Ikele*, Chika Bright, Ujunwa Aghaji, Mgbenka, Benard Obialo
...erable limit for catfish farming. Significant weight gain, specific growth rate, LWRs, survival rate, and floc volumes were observed at the end of experiment. Observed changes in the catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and malondialdehyde activities in the gill were between day 14 and 21. Significant levels (p<0.05) of floc volumes (67.33 to 72 ml) were obtained from the total suspended solids maintained between 111 to 324 mg/L. Total he...
Phassakon Nuntapanich1*, Hathaichanok Nuntapanich2 and Woraman Maicharoen3
...ale farmer. All of these farming practices are efficient using of natural resources as the local wisdom that shield against inevitable shock in household economy and food security including encourage interaction between people in the community. The farmers in the study site obtain benefits from ecosystem services such as increasing income and maintaining food security (rice and fish) by using local wisdom. Therefore, to ensure sustainable development of rice-f...
Abid Hussain1, Mubbashira Nazir2*, Saira Batool2 and Sidra Majeed1
... profitability enhancing farming technologies. Access to market and enabling institutions are critical for adoption of these technologies. Characteristics of adopters of these technologies as delineated above should also be given due consideration in promotion of the technologies....
Muhammad Luqman1*, Adeel Mustafa1, Sheer Abbas2, Muhammad Yaseen1, Muhammad Umer Mehomood1 and Raheel Saqib3
Syed Muhammad Amir1*, Shehzad Khan2, Asif Ali Abro3, Ehsan Inamullah4 and Tahir Mehmood5
...mpacts and existing poor farming systems in Pakistan have driven implementation of biogas technology by governmental and non-governmental organizations. This study focuses on the rate of successful adoption of bio gas technology and its multiple impacts on 113 farming households in two purposively selected districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province (i.e. district Mardan and Dera Ismail Khan). Based on the descriptive nature of...
Nurul Isnaini*, Akhmad Kurniawan, Muhammad Nur Ihsan, Dedes Amertaningtyas, Artharini Irsyammawati, Faizal Andri
...lm and cattle integrated farming system. Indonesian local cows (n=200) and Brahman crossbred bulls (n=10) were raised under oil palm and cattle integrated farming system. Data were collected for cow and calf performance from two consequent calvings that were distributed into two groups according to the rainy days and rainfall for a year backward from the calving date. The rainy days were categorized as lo...
Farmer’s Access to ICTs Tools and Productivity Enhancement in District Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Ayesha Khan*, Mohammad Tariq Aziz, Urooba Pervaiz and Muhammad Zafarullah Khan
...ents were 80%, 45.5% had farming experience of 1-10 years, half of the respondents (50.1%) were owners, 40.2% had land size of 5.1-10 acres and the majority (78.6%) is indulged in agriculture as main occupation. All the respondents have knowledge about ICTs but 55.4% had access to internet and the tools used to access internet include mobile (54.8%), DSL (27.5%), telephone (9.7%) and USB (8.0%). In the research area 69.6% respondent know how to use ICT tools w...
Nadia Farooq1*, Asad Ullah1, Mussawar Shah1 and Muhammad Idrees2
...nemployed and belongs to farming families. Moreover, the majority of respondents’ families were having 8-12 acres of arable agricultural land. However, respondents were lacking very limited access to arable land due to various problems; which decline their interest in the agricultural sector....
Ghulam Qadir1, Khalil Ahmed1*, Muhammad Ashfaq Anjum1, Quais Muhammad Affan2, Muhammad Zaighum Mushtaq3, Muhammad Amjad Qureshi4, Amar Iqbal Saqib1, Hafeezullah Rafa1, Abdul Wakeel1, Ghulam Shabir1, Muhammad Rizwan1, Muhammad Qaisar Nawaz1 and Muhammad Faisal Nawaz1
...onomic importance to the farming community. Therefore, a three-years pot experiment was executed to explore the salinity tolerance of medicinal plants i.e., Podeena (Mentha spicata), Hina (Lawsonia inermis), Qulfa (portulace oleracea), Methi (Trigonella foenumgraceum), Dill (Anethum graveolens) and Kalwanji (nigella sativa), under dual stress of ECe (electrical conductivity of soil extract) 0.79, 6 and 8 dS m-1 and SAR (sodium adsorption ratio) 5.99, 25 and 35...
Shahid Ali1*, Murtaza2, Waqas Ahmad1, Nargis Bibi3, Aftab Khan2 and Jahangir Khan1
... justify;">Education and farming experience of farmers are considered the most important factors in allocation of inputs during production process. This study, therefore, aimed at evaluating effect of education and farming experience on technical efficiency of rice farmers in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A sample of 300 rice growers was drawn randomly using a multistage sampling procedure through a well-organized pretested ...
Arshad Mahmood Malik1*, Nigah Hussain1 and Nasim Akhter2
...ff-farm work, farm size, farming experience and family size, on changing dynamics of agriculture labour. Results indicated that socio-economic factors significantly affect the agriculture labour dynamics in irrigated areas. Off-farm work has inverse relationship with agriculture labour supply indicating inter-sectoral labor migration, while family size, farm size and farming experience has direct relationship with agricultur...
Fatin Khalil*, Harinath Yapati, Zainab Al Blallam, Ronia Jose
...m viability of livestock farming as future climate challenges become more apparent. We generate new seasonal resilience phenotypes in this study, which indicate production performance and metabolic changes in response to changing weather. We examine the impact of calendar season (summer and winter) on animal performance resilience by assessing various parameters of ewes, lambs, pregnant, male, and lactating Naeemi breed animals from the Agriculture Research St...
Olufemi Bolarin, Sijuade Adebukola Adebayo and Sola Emmanuel Komolafe*
...Mean=1.42) and change in farming type (crop- livestock Mean=1.36) were not commonly used by farmers meanwhile the farmers preferred planting of early maturing yam seed (Mean=3.58), use of mulching (Mean=3.46), crop rotation (Mean=3.27), organic fertilizer (Mean=3.07) and cover crops (Mean=3.05). The result of regression analysis showed that coefficient value of farm size (p=0.017) and membership of cooperatives (p=0.013) positively enhanced resilience building...
Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi
...rmal sector in vegetable farming has culminated in severe environmental pollution, increase in unacceptable percentage of residue in vegetables and resistance of nematodes to the currently used nematicides. This has prompted the evaluation of medicinal plants as probable sources of nematicides. A study was conducted in the screenhouse to evaluate the nematicidal potential of Tridax procumbens and Sida acuta (weeds) on root knot nematodes Meloidogyne incognita ...
Shandana* and Ayesha Khan
...sampled respondents have farming experience of 21 to 30 years. More than half of the respondents (55%) owned mobile, 22.5% of the respondents owned telephone, 52.8% of the respondents owned television and 9.8% of the sampled respondents owned radio in the study area. About, 49.8% respondents were uncertain about the favorable effects of ICTs on production while 14.2% of the respondents agreed about favorable effects of ICTs on production. Krushkal Wallis analy...
Naheed Zahra1*, Saira Batool1, Mubbashira Nazir1, Ghulam Akbar Malik2 and Iffat Batool3
...n’s involvement in farming and livestock in Pothohar, particularly in rain-fed areas of Punjab, Pakistan. The research was carried out at Thatti Gujran, one of Fateh Jhang’s villages during 2018-19. The purpose of this research was to see how many female farmers contribute to farming and livestock activities. The formal survey collected data from eighty (80) female farmers using the random sampling technique. Res...
Ejaz Ul Haq, Urooba Pervaiz*, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan and Ayesha Khan
...creating awareness among farming community regarding off-season vegetables. Data were collected from 60 sample respondents from three circles (Mattani, Peshawar and Tarnab) through pre-tested and well-structured interview schedule during February- March, 2020. The results showed that 48.3% farmers were motivated by extension staff towards tunnel technology, only 6.7% farmers got training regarding tunnel farming, 70% respond...
Pharaoh C. Sianangama1*, Brian Tembo2, Sylvia J. Harrison1, Rubaijaniza Abigaba1,3
Ty Nguyen, Giang Thi Huong Phung, Lan Le Thuy Hoang and Giang Van Tran*
...c basis for breeding and farming and conservation of this species in the future.
...
Abdul Kabir1, Muhammad Rasheed2, Hubdar Ali Kaleri5, Depeesh Kumar Bhuptani3, Mithan Kumar4, Raza Ali Mangi6, Abdul Wahid Solangi4, Sheva Dari1, Saqib Kakar4, Panah Munir4, Ekra Akbar4 and Rameez Raja Kaleri4,5*
...ng livestock and poultry farming at high range. In the December of 2019, outbreak of corona virus started in China. The most common symptoms of this viral infection was observed and reported by the International Committee on the Taxonomy of Viruses SARS Cov 2. Main signs and symptoms of infections has been observed, tiredness, shortness in respiration, pain in chest area, dry cough, fever with difficulty in breathiness. Its genome sequence homology study also ...
Asim Zubair1*, Zohaib Atta Mehdie2, Iffat Batool3, Ghulam Akbar Malik4 and Ayesha Aziz5
Muhammad Yaseen1*, Muhammad Luqman1*, Bushra Pervaiz2, Rana Shahzad Noor3, Muhammad Ameen4, Sadia Hassan3 and Wassi Abbas1
... food security among the farming community are imperative. The present study was designed to explore various rural advisory service mechanisms for improving food security in the Sargodha district. The sample size of the study was 120 farmers. An interview schedule was used as a research instrument for data collection using the face-to-face interview method. Descriptive statistics; mean, frequencies and percentages were applied to draw results and to interpret....
Aulia Evi Susanti1*, Rudy Priyanto2, Muladno2, Dewi Apri Astuti3, Lucia Cyrilla2
... business in smallholder farming system was feasible with improved feed, increased marketing and a maximum interest rate of 6% per year. It was concluded that the beef cattle business in smallholder farming system was feasible with improved feed, increased marketing and a maximum interest rate of 6% per year.
Keywords | Cattle business, Dynamic model, Financial feasibility, Sustainability
... 
