Muhammad Zahid1*, Muhammad Salman2, Shah Alam Khan2, Alamzeb1, Inamullah Khan1
... Swat (40.73%). Bordeaux mixture treatment applied to tree trunks was very effective in reducing the borer infestation during dormant season. After pruning orchards, Nurelle-D 505EC and Triazofos 40EC @ 75ml of each proved to be the best toxicants, which showed synergistic effect in Bordeaux mixture (Copper oxychloride 75g + Lime 3kg + water 10L) in reducing borer infestation (exit holes/ gum points) in the month of January....
Haq Aman Ullah1*, Aneela Zameer Durrani2, Muhammad Ijaz2 and Aqeel Javeed3
...and homemade concentrate mixture of dairy goats was investigated in district Lahore of Pakistan. A total of Twenty 20 goat farms were randomly selected and out of that 40 feed samples 2 from each farm were collected in the month of April. All the samples were analysed for the determination of aflatoxin B1 by using reverse phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC. Out of total samples Aflatoxin B1 was detected in 33 feed samples, with a percent contam...
Muhammad Siddiq1* and Hamid Ullah Shah2
...ils treated in sole or admixture at various ratios were kept at different stress conditions for three months. Data was recorded on peroxide value (PV), free fatty acid (FFA), anisidine value (AV), iodine value (IV), color index (CI) and beta carotene (BC) value of the oils. The results showed considerable variations in all the studied parameters tested in different blends under various stress conditions. Maximum PV (10.76%), FFA (2.44%), AV (2.29), IV (77.09) ...
Adel Eid Mohamed Mahmoud*
... in the concentrate feed mixtures on digestibility, blood and ruminal parameters, growth performance, meat analysis and feed intake of growing lambs. Fifty one Barki lambs with body weight of 30±0.57 kg; in three groups (17 animals, each). Experimental rations were composed of concentrate and clover hay in a 60:40 concentrate: roughage ratio.There was no effect of bakery by-products inclusion on nutrients digestibility and nutritive values except digest...
K.N. Ahmed, S.H.A. Pramanik, M. Khatun A. Nargis M. R. Hasan
Efficacy of plant extracts in the suppression of insect pests and their effect on the yield of sunflower crop under different climatic conditions
...Ricinus communis) oil, a mixture of Neem seed oil and sesame oil, leaf extracts of custard apple (Annona squamosa ) and Bara Bishkatali ( Polygonum orienta) were tested against the pest infestation. The treatment of custard apple leaf extract produced the most favourable result in respect of pest control and crop yield. The other treatments also exhibited better results in comparison to control followed by Bara Bishkatali, Neem seed oil, a
Basudeb Dasgupta, Partha Dutta and Srikanta Das
Biological control of foot rot of betelvine (Piper betle L.) caused by Phytophthora parasitica Dastur
...erly intervals. Bordeaux mixture (BM) was used to compare the treatments in preventing the intensity of foot rot. The results revealed that minimum foot rot disease occurred where four drenching and eight sprayings of BM at monthly and fortnightly intervals respectively were applied in the 1st year. In the 2nd year, the minimum foot rot disease was recorded in the treatment where four applications of the Trichoderma preparation ha-1 at quarterly intervals were...
Partha Pratim Ghosh and 2N. C. Mandal
Some disease management practices for bacterial wilt of potato
...hate + Muriate of Potash mixture at 20:5:3:1 in each bacterial wilt affected plant + mancozeb spray @ 2.5 gL-1 at 50, 57 and 60 DAP) were the best treatment in terms of their responses to yield, disease management and higher return per rupee investment. The highest tuber yield and low disease intensity was obtained from T1 (TPS whole tuber planting) followed by T4 (supervised management) but under congenial condition for a particular disease like bacterial wil...
P.P. Ghosh*, C. Ghosh, B. Mahato, A. Chakraborty, S.K. Bhattacharya and M.K. Bhattacharjya
...pplication of 7 days old mixture of bioinoculant formulation and well rotten cow-dung manure (1:40 w/w) or need based curative application of bleaching powder at 20 kg per ha through every irrigation.
...
Muhammad Abu Bakar1, Muhammad Anjum Aqueel1, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1, Muhammad Irfan Ullah1,*, Muhammad Arshad1, Mubasshir Sohail1,2 and Jaime Molina-Ochoa3,4
...vironment. Plant-derived mixtures are normally more easily degradable and could show a minor undesirable impact on environment with respect to synthetic compounds. This study was planned to check the efficacy of four different essential oils (neem oil, lemon oil, eucalyptus oil and orange oil) at different doses against percent mortality of Varroa mites. The essential oils were applied at two different doses (2.5ml and 5ml) and percent mortality data wa...
Rana Fartab Shoukat1, Shoaib Freed1,*, Kanwar Waqas Ahmad1 and Ateeq-ur-Rehman2
...onducted by using binary mixtures of entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana (isolates Bb-01, Bb-10), Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae (isolate Ma-11.1, Ma-2.4)and Isaria fumosorosea (isolates If-2.3, If-02) and chemical insecticides i.e., bifenthrin, lambda cyhalothrin, imidacloprid, triazophos, spinosad, pyriproxyfen and nitrinpyrum, as larvicides against C. pipiens. Highest larval percent mortality (73.3 &p...
Faiza Ambreen*1 and Muhammad Javed2
...age induced by pesticide mixture (endosulfan+chlorpyrifos) in peripheral blood erythrocytes of freshwater fish, Oreochromis niloticus by using Comet assay. The 96-h LC50 value of pesticide mixture was estimated for 180-old fingerlings of O. niloticusin a static system and then four sub-lethal concentrations viz. 1/3rd of LC50, 1/4th of LC50, 1/5...
Syed Kashif Nawaz*, Faiza Zubair and Sidra Kanwal
...oding vs. non-coding and mixture of both types on the basis of overlapping gene structure. Our analyses revealed that human genome has various types of overlapping genes. The occurrence of these overlapping genes is not solely dependent on the size of the chromosomes.
...
Jo Ik-Hwan1, Choi Kwang-Won1 and Muhammad Fiaz2,*
...ntrol, whereas rye-vetch mixture had increased (P<0.05) crude protein (CP) yield and carrying capacity for Hanwoo heifers than that of rye monoculture. DM and TDN yield under 100 kg manure was higher (P<0.05) than control and 50 kg N/ha levels but not different (P>0.05) with that of 150 kg N/ha. Manure levels did not affect (P>0.05) protein yield. The carrying capacity for Hanwoo heifers was not different among zero, 50 and 100 kg manure levels, wh...
Nasia Batool*, Imtiaz Ahmad Qamar**, Imdad Hussain Mirza** and Muhammad Fateh Ullah Khan**
MIXING LESS PALATABLE GRASSES WITH UREA, MOLASSES AND EFFECTIVE MICROORGANISMS AND ITS EFFECT ON CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND DIGESTIBILITY IN GOATS
...Crude protein content of mixtures improved as compared with sole grasses. Digestibility of HC supplemented with urea, molasses and EM in various combinations was also studied in growing goats. The highest digestibility of DM in goats was recorded in HC + 4% urea + 4% molasses treatment (85.51%) followed by HC + 4% urea (78.57%) and HC + 4% urea + 4% molasses + 1:100 EM (78.00%)....
Tanzila Kazmi*, Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry*, Aftab Ahmed** and Shaheer Ellahi Khan**
FARMERS BELIEFS ABOUT INDIGENOUS FARMING PRACTICES AND SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
...ment. During the study a mixture of qualitative techniques including interview guide(s), focus group discussions (FGDs) and case study were used. The study revealed that indigenous knowledge is a long term process and demands a complete approach to achieve destined goals. On the other hand it was also found that the lack of knowledge is a hindrance to achieve required outcome(s) from modern techniques. Thus, the public institutes need to be strengthened so tha...
Maqsood Qamar*, S. Dilanawaz Ahmad Gardazi**, Riaz-ud-Din*, Muhammad Sohail* and Syed Haider Abbas*
PARTIAL RESISTANCE TO STRIPE RUST AND ITS EFFECT ON SUSTAINABILITY OF WHEAT YIELD
...patible reaction) to the mixture of prevailing stripe rust inoculums. Very low level of DS and AUDPC were recorded in the remaining cultivars/lines indicating a high level of partial resistance to stripe rust compared to the susceptible check cultivar, Inqalab 91. Among eight cultivars/lines that showed compatible type of reaction (IT ≥7), one was resistant (relative AUDPC ≤ 20% of Inqalab 91) and six showed very high resistance levels (relative AUDPC &l...
ZafarUllah*, Muhammad Azim Malik*, Muhammad Ansar*, Shahzada Sohail Ijaz* and Muhammad Rasheed*
WINTER FORAGE QUALITY OF OATS (AVENA SATIVA), BARLEY (HORDEUM VULGARE) AND VETCH (VICIA SATIVA) IN PURE STAND AND CEREAL LEGUME MIXTURE
... stands and cereallegume mixtures. Treatments comprised oats pure stand, oats in oatsvetch mixture, barley pure stand, barley in barley-vetch mixture, vetch pure stand, vetch in oats-vetch mixture and vetch in barley-vetch mixture. Forage yield and quality of oats and barley were improved in oats-vetch and barley-vetch...
Maimoona Bashir*, Imtiaz Ahmad Qamar*, Muhammad Fateh Ullah Khan* and Abdul Razzaq*
EFFECT OF MIXING LOW PALATABLE GRASSES AND IPIL IPIL LEAVES ON FORAGE QUALITY
...5-55%). DM content among mixtures was also variable. For the treatment grass 75% + Ipil ipil 25%, DM range was 65-70%, for grass 50% + Ipil ipil 50%, it was 60-65% and for grass 25% + Ipil ipil 75%, it was 55%. The CP value of the treatments showed significant variation ranging from less than 10% in grasses to almost 30% in pure Ipil ipil leaves. The mixtures had CP content corresponding to proportions of grasses and legume ...
Maimoona Bashir*, Imtiaz Ahmad Qamar*, Muhammad Fateh Ullah Khan* and Raheel Babar*
EFFECT OF MIXING LOW PALATABLE GRASS OF HETEROPOGON CONTORTUS WITH IPIL IPIL LEAVES ON DIGESTIBILITY IN GOATS
...grass and ipil ipil leaf mixture are better regarding forage quality and nutrient digestibility and can be recommended as animal feed....
Muhammad Tahir* and Nawal Zafar*
FORAGE YIELD AND QUALITY PERFORMANCE OF RABI CEREALS SOWN ALONE AND IN BLENDED POPULATION AT VARIABLE SEED RATIOS
...lts showed that the crop mixtures and their variable seed ratios showed significant effects on fodder yield and quality traits. -1 The maximum number of tillers, number of leaves plant , leaf area, crop growth -1 -1 rate, fresh weight plant , dry weight plant , green forage yield and dry matter yield were obtained in plots where barley was sown alone at 100% seed ratio. The highest crude fiber and total ash percentage was observed in plots where oat was sown a...
Muhammad Tahir* and Neelam Yasin*
EFFECT OF MICRONUTRIENTS FOLIAR APPLICATION ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF MAIZE
...cation of micronutrients mixture @ 250, 500, 750, 1000, 1250 and 1500 ml ha at stem elongation stage of maize. All micronutrients treatments significantly improved plant height, cob length, number of grains rows cob , cob weight, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, biological yield, harvest index, grain protein and grain oil contents. However, micronutrients application at stem elongation stage showed non-significant effect on plant papulation and number of cobs p...
Tassadduq Rasool*, Ali Zohaib*, Ehsanullah*, Riaz Ahmad*, Tasawer Abbas*, Tahira Tabassum*, Muhammad Ather Nadeem*, Mahmood-ul-Hassan*
FORAGE YIELD AND QUALITY IN PEARL MILLET-SESBANIA INTERCROPPING SYSTEM UNDER VARIOUS GEOMETRICAL PATTERNS
...proved quality of fodder mixture, compared to sole-cropping. Crude protein (84%) was improved most by cross planting over sole pearl millet, while, crude fiber (36%) and ash contents (20%) were improved by blended seed sowing, as compared to sole cropping of sesbania. Potential benefits of forage pearl millet can be acquired by intercropping with sesbania and following the planting geometry of sesbania intercropped in 45 cm apart two-row strips of pearl millet...
Anum Rafique, Sajid Abdullah, Khalid Abbas, Huma Naz* and Wardah Hassan
...ronic exposure of metals mixture (Pb+Cr) for 15 days and other group of fish was kept under controlled conditions. Partial purification of SOD was done by Ammonium sulphate precipitation. Ion-exchange column chromatography was used to purify enzyme for further partial characterization against different range of temperature and pH. As a result of ion exchange chromatography enzyme from kidney of control and Pb+Cr treated fish had highest activity as 508.33 and ...
Huma Naz1,*, Sajid Abdullah2, Sidra Naz3, Sidra Abbas2, Wardah Hassan2, Shakeela Perveen2, Moazama Batool1, Laiba Shafique2
...entration of Fe+Ni+Pb+Zn mixture for the fish, Cirrhina mrigala was determined in this research work. The fish were exposed to each of the 19 different concentrations (5-90 mg/L) of Fe+Zn+Pb+Ni mixture to determine 96 h LC50 and lethal concentration. During acute toxicity test, behavioral changes and catalase activity in liver, kidney, gills, brain and muscle of the fish were also studied. The mean 96 h LC<...
Xiaqing Chen, Yü Huang and Zhen Huang*
...of each component in the mixtures. The synergistic effects were observed in treatments T4 (3.5+40.0), T5 (7.0+20.0) and T6 (7.0+40.0), respectively. The treatment T3 (3.5+20.0) was determined as additive effects according to their cumulative adjusted mortalities, Me and Chi-square values. The current research on the joint action of ethylacetate extracts from T. hamatum with carbendazim offered a promising, safe and effective alternative to fungicides in...
Dan Yü, Chuchu Li, Yü Huang and Zhen Huang*
...f each component used in mixtures. Additive effects were observed in all treatments according to the mycelial growth inhibition, Me and Chi-square values. The use of T. hamatum offers a promising and effective co-formulation product or alternative to chemical fungicides in controlling popcorn disease of mulberry.
...
Sana Rana1, Sajid Abdullah1, Huma Naz2* and Khalid Abbas1
...thrin(DM)+endoslfan(END) mixture on catalase (CAT) activity in gills of carnivorous fish Channa striata was observed. Fish were exposed to sub-lethal concentration (1/3rd of LC50) of DM+END mixture for 14-day. CAT was partially purified by using ammonium sulphate precipitation technique and kinetic characterization was also performed against different pH and temperature. CAT activity was measured spectrophotometrically at A2...
Fariha Latif* and Muhammad Javed
...igala towards metals mixture (Cd+Cr+Cu+Pb) were determined during present research work. Sensitivity of the three fish species (120-day old) towards metals mixture was measured in term of 96 h LC50 and lethal concentration. These acute toxicity tests were performed at constant temperature (30oC), pH (8) and total hardness (250 mgL-1). All the three fish species varied significantly in the...
Huma Naz1,*, Sajid Abdullah2, Khalid Abbas2 and Muhammad Anjum Zia3
... lead (Pb)+chromium (Cr) mixture on superoxide dismutase (SOD) from kidney of Labeo rohita exposed to sub-lethal concentration for 14 days was evaluated. After purification, specific activity of enzyme was 1750.13 and 1272.72 U mg-1 in kidney of metal exposed and control fish, respectively. The enzyme from metal exposed kidney was 2.68 fold purified with 58.73 % age recovery. Results of characterization showed that SOD had broad range of pH f...
Ragia S. Mohamed1, Rania F. El Naggar2, Mamdouh. M. Hamoud1, Mohamed M. Hamoud3, Abdulrhman M. Gamal1, Samah E. Laban1, Shimaa A.E. Nasr1, Manal M. Zaki1, ElShaimaa Ismael1, Osama K. Zahran1*
...id the moisture % of the mixture was 67%, and this wet manure remained moist (67%) till day 4; due to the humid environmental conditions applied at room temperature. Later, the moisture content of the treated manure decreased gradually and recorded 52.5%, 40% and 32% at the 8th, 28th and 33rd days of experiment; respectively. To recapitulate, both moisture % and pH of the poultry manure is greatly affect Newcastle disease virus persistence in the farm environm...
Huma Naz1,*, Sajid Abdullah2, Khalid Abbas2, Wardah Hassan3, Moazama Batool4, Shakeela Perveen5, Sadia Maalik4 and Sajida Mushtaq4
...ticides toxic effects of mixture of organochlorine (endosulfan) and organophosphate (chlorpyrifos) investigated on the activity of antioxidant enzymes viz. superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase and glutathione S-transferase in different organs (liver, gills, kidney, brain, heart and muscle) of fish, Labeo rohita. The LC50 of chlorpyrifos+endosulfan mixture was calculated as 1.95±0.02 μgL...
Muhammad Shoaib Saleem* and Muhammad Faheem Akbar
Lichao Feng1,2, Shaoqing Zhang4, Dianyuan Chen2, Sina Adl3 and Donghui Wu1,4*
...en the pollen, or nectar mixture was offered compared to the other foods. Each of the five food sources provided a high hatching rate, but particularly the pollen, nectar and potato. Maize seedlings were a better food for larvae than were grass roots, and larvae also consumed more maize in the field. Wild flowers were the most important factor which determined the abundance of A. fuscicollis. Maize, grasses and the wild flowers could explain the alterna...
Fatima Tufail1, Sajid Abdullah1, Huma Naz2*, Khalid Abbas1, Laiba Shafique3
... (END),deltamethrin (DM) mixture on hepatic catalase (CAT) activity of fish, Channa striata exposed to the sub-lethal concentration (1/3rd of LC50) for 14 days. The CAT was partially purified by using ammonium sulphate precipitation technique. Results of partial purification demonstrated that the exposure of insecticides mixture decreased the hepatic CAT activity in fish (43.33±1.41 UmL
Huma Naz1*, Sajid Abdullah2, Khalid Abbas2, Muhammad Rizwan Tariq3, Laiba Shafique4, Ghazala Nazeer5
...(END)+chlorpyrifos (CPF) mixture for Catla catla was computed. The genotoxicity of END+CPF mixture in RBCs of fish was also evaluated by comet assay. To check the genotoxicity of END+CPF mixture, blood of fish was sampled after 24-hr of intervals. Some fishes were also kept in clean water known as negative control (NC) and for positive control (PC) cyclophosphamide was injected into...
Lusha Liu1,*, Lei Cheng2, Xingqi Zhang3, Yulong Li1 and Jianping Jiang1,*
...ra (57.14%)and M. mixture (71.43%).These results indicate that the Illumina paired-end sequencing system is of great value for identifying massive numbers of genic microsatellites in M. fissipes with high-efficiency. Furthermore, the described polymorphic loci in this study should be useful for population genetic and conservation genetic studies in M. fissipes and other closely related species from this important genus Microhyla...
Zafar Abbas1*, Muhammad Mubashir1, Umair Riaz1, Zeenat Javid1, Muhammad Ashraf1, Saeed ur Rehman1, Muhammad Javid Qamar1, Syed Ali Zulqadar1 and Shahzada Munawar Mehdi2
...d compost as well as its mixture with full NPK considerably increase the growth and total yield attributes of Okra. On the other hand, in contrast to all other treatments, the joint use of 50% NPK+50% PM exhibits the most significant impact on okra growth. ...
Saeed Murtaza1,*, Nazir Ahmad2, Muhammad Asif Raza3, Muhammad Saleem Akhtar1, Muhammad Mazhar Ayaz4, Muhammad Ali5 and Rais Ahmed6
...d stages, it exhibited a mixture of anechoic and hyperechoic areas, encircled by a thick hyperechoic border. In early cases of testicular degeneration, testicular parenchyma showed reduced echogenicity. However, in advanced cases, hyperechoic areas were scattered in affected parenchyma. Testicular abscesses showed anechoic cavities with some hyperechoic areas. In chronic epididymitis, echogenicity of epididymal tail was increased, probably due to fibrosis of o...
Tanzeela Riaz1, Farah Rauf Shakoori2,*, Hareem Mansoor1, Sana Khan1 and Mushtaq A. Saleem1
...tive toxic unit, the 3:1 mixture of abamectin:emamectin showed higher toxicity among all the tested mixtures. The toxic effect of LC20 of this 3:1 mixture on soluble and total proteins, total lipids, glucose, glycogen, free amino acid and trehalose contents was also recorded. The results indicated that contents of glycogen, trehalose, total lipids, free amino acids, soluble prot...
Aamir Saleem1, Arshad Mahmood Malik2*, Najam Ul Hassan1 and Imtiaz A. Qamar3
...gested that grass-legume mixtures can improve livestock and pasture productivity, sustainability and as well as to fix atmospheric nitrogen and this may improve soil N status also. These mixtures were also recommended for use in the semi-arid region of Pakistan as it would be beneficial economically. ...
Sibgha Noreen*, Sumrina Faiz, Muhammad Salim Akhter, Kausar Hussain Shah
...cid, proline and their admixture) @ 200 mgL-1 on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) grown under saline environment (150 mM NaCl). The results showed that salinity stress (150 mM) resulted into significant decrease in biomass accumulation of sunflower up to 50%, while it was improved by 80% in control by the foliar application of osmoprotectants. Chlorophyll (Chl-a, chl b and total chlorophyll) contents were also decreased significantly due to saline environment;...
Sumaira Abbas1, Muhammad Sultan Haider2,*, Fatima Kafayet1, Sana Ashraf2, Atifa Masood3 and Moazma Batool4
...ut by hexane and acetone mixture (1:1 v/v). Carotenoid concentration was determined by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and found satisfactory. By mixing fish meal, sunflower meal and rice polish four treatment diets, T1, T2, T3, were prepared and citrus peel powder was added @ 200g, 400g and 600g/ 1000g, respectively. While fourth one, control diet (To) was without citrus peels. These is nitrogenous diets (30% protei...
Khursheed Ahmed, Shoaib Freed*, Rana Fartab Shoukat and Kanwar Waqas Ahmad
Ajmalud Din1*, Munir Ahmad2, Fahad Masoud Watto2, Sheraz Ahmed1, Imtiaz Ali1 and Muhammad Kausar Nawaz Shah2
...ith sterile, homogenized mixture of loam, sand and compost soil. Two factorial Completely Randomized Design was followed with three replications and two treatments. The experiment was conducted during 2015-16 in the experimental site of the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Data were recorded on drought-related physiological traits viz. proline content, osmotic adjustment, excised leaf water reten...
Yousaf Ali1, Muhammad Zamin1*, Ibadullah Jan1, Shahen Shah2, Muhammad Mazhar Hussain3, Fazli Rabbi4 and Muhammad Amin5
...ium treatments (compost, mixture, clay and sand) and six tomato genotypes (Nadir, Money Maker, Pakit, Nagina, Roma and Rio grande) with three replications. The results revealed that the combination of compost and mixture has significant effect on shoot height, number of leaves, stem and root length, however stem diameter was significantly affected by compost and non significantly affected by genotypes. As far as the genotype...
Jam Nazeer Ahmad1,2*, Rashid Mushtaq1, Samina Jam Nazeer Ahmad1,2*Mubasher Ahmad Malik1, Mujahid Manzoor1, Muhammad Tahir2, Zubair Aslam4, Sumaira Maqsood5, Ishita Ahuja3 and Atle M. Bones3
...may be inferred that the mixtures of the correct sub-lethal doses of Spinoad and NPV in combination may be used against destructive pests such as S. litura. This strategy also has a great potential in insecticide resistance management (IRPM) against such pests in vegetable and major crop growing areas of Pakistan.
...
Derya Kocamaz* and Elif Oruc
.../L), individually and in mixtures, for 7 and 15 days. Fish were then left to depurate in pesticide-free water for 7 days. Results showed that acetyhcholin-esterase, catalase and estradiol/testosterone levels decreased, while the amount of etoxyresorufin-O-deetylase (EROD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione (GSH) and protein carbonil (PCO) increased in comparison to the control. After the recovery period, EROD, GST, malond...
Seval Dernekbasi* and Emin Karatas
...th safflower oil (SFO)], mixture oil trial (CSFO; continuously fed by diet containing both %50 CO and %50 SFO), alternate cycled feeding trial [(FO/CO; fish fed by diet with CO for 2 weeks and FO for the following 2 weeks), (FO/SFO; fish fed by diet with SFO for 2 weeks and FO for following 2 weeks) and (FO/CSFO; fish fed by diet with CSFO for 2 weeks and FO for following 2 weeks)] for 12 weeks. Significantly higher SGR and the best FCR were detected in the CS...
Tehreem Usman1, Sajid Abdullah1, Huma Naz2*, Khalid Abbas1, Laiba Shafique3 and Qaisra Siddique1
... idella under binary mixtures of insecticides viz. endosulfan(ES)+chlorpyrifos(CPF) and endosulfan(ES)+bifenthrin (BIF). The fish behaviour was observed from both treated and control groups. Fish under exposure of insecticides mixtures exhibit abnormal behaviour and tried to jump out from water, come to surface and gulp air, showed increased opercular movement and erratic movements, hyper-activity and swimming very fast....
Muhammad Rasheed1*, Zafar Ullah1, Muhammad Ansar1, Asma Hassan1, Shahzada Sohail Ijaz2, Muhammad Hussain Shah4 and Muhammad Arshadullah3
... (Vicia sativa) grown in mixture stands under conservation and conventional tillage systems. The highest number of tillers plant-1 (11) for Oats was recorded in oats-vetch mixture under conventional tillage (CT) while comparing minimum tillage (MT) to zero tillage (ZT) 43 percent higher yield of oats was obtained under MT. The impact of cereal legume mixture on forage yield was optimistic....
Khuram Rashid1, Saroosh Danish2, Muhammad Akram Tahir3
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON UTILIZATION OF WASTE RUBBER TIRES AS FILLER IN CONCRETE
...tional aggregates. Seven mixtures
were proportioned; one mixture with conventional aggregates was the control specimen, three mixtures were casted
by replacing fine aggregate by waste rubber tires powder and remaining three were proportioned by replacing coarse
aggregate by waste rubber tires chips. Fresh and hardened properties of rubberized concrete were evaluated an...
were proportioned; one mixture with conventional aggregates was the control specimen, three mixtures were casted
by replacing fine aggregate by waste rubber tires powder and remaining three were proportioned by replacing coarse
aggregate by waste rubber tires chips. Fresh and hardened properties of rubberized concrete were evaluated an...
Nisar Mohammad٭, Mohammad Mansoor Khan٭, Noor Mohammad٭
EXTRACTION OF HIGH QUALITY TALC FROM TALC-CARBONATE ROCK OF MINGORA EMERALD MINES BY FLOTATION AND LEACHING
...nt for carbonates, equal mixture of oleic acid and kerosene oil as collector gave encouraging results. It was found that talc can be separated as float at pH 6 - 7±0.2 in rougher flotation and 10 - 11±0.2 in cleaning flotation, depressant dosage 0.10kg/ton, and collector dosage of 1.2 kg/ton. Talc concentrate at recovery of about 60 - 70% with a grade of 92.50% from an ore containing about 50 to 70% talc was obtained. The final concentrate was tr...
Saeed Gul*, Muhammad Irfan*, Hazrat Bilal*, Atta-ur-rehman*, Umair Khan*, Sadaqat ullah khan*
RECYCLING OF USED ENGINE OIL USING SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND DISTILLATION
... of used engine oil is a mixture of ethanol, 1- butanol and toluene. The effect of operating parameters on the recycling process has been investigated for optimal conditions. The process parameters considered were agitator speed for blending, boiler temperature and solvent to used oil ratio. The maximum recovery for refined oil was 72% using solvent to used oil ratio of 9:1 at a boiler temperature 120° C and agitator speed of 600 rpm. The maximum solvent r...
Muhammad Waseem*, Irshad Ahmad**, Muhammad Asif Khan**
DETERMINISTIC SEISMIC HAZARD ANALYSIS AND SELECTION OF TIME HISTORIES FOR DYNAMIC ANALYSIS FOR A SITE IN SWABI
...ense gravels with a mixture of silt, clay, and sand. On top and bottom of the slope, boy’s hostels are being built. This necessitates seismic hazard analysis to be evaluated and a suit of acceleration time histories be selected for dynamic analysis of the slope. Three time histories are selected in this study from real earthquakes that matches parameters with the controlling earthquake.
...
Sri Nuryani Hidayah Utami*, Andin Muhammad Abduh, Eko Hanudin and Benito Heru Purwanto
Study on the NPK Uptake and Growth of Rice under Two different Cropping Systems with different Doses of Organic Fertilizer in the Imogiri Subdistrict, Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia
...was the same, which is a mixture of cow manure and neem compost (1:1) at doses of 0, 3, 6, and 9 ton ha-1. The research data are presented in tables and graphs to show the effects of modification of the rice cropping system on the nutrient uptake. The results showed that the Jarwo 2:1 provided a higher N, P, K uptake compared to the Grid system. The provision of PFA had an impact on increasing the number of tillers, the number of productive tillers, and the nu...
Zubia Rahim1, Gulnaz Parveen1*, Salma Gul2 and Khushnood-ur-Rehman3
Ameliorating Effects of Salt Stress (KCl, NaCl) on Growth and Germination Parameters of Pearl Millet (Pennisetum americanum)
... effects of NaCl, KCl, a mixture of NaCl + KCl in various concentrations on the growth and germination of Pearl millet (Pennisetum americanum), locally named as Bajra. Five seeds sown in petri dishes to observe the radical, plumule length and germination percentage after treatments to 100, 150, 200 and 250mM concentration of above mentioned salts. Control petri dishes/ pots were irrigated with distilled water. The experiment was extended to study growth (numbe...
Faiza Altaf1, Shamim Gul1,2*, Tasawar Ali Chandio3, Gul Bano Rehman1, Attiq-ur-Rehman Kakar4, Sami Ullah4, Naqeebullah Khan4, Umbreen Shaheen5, Muhammad Naeem Shahwani6, Muhammad Ajmal7 and Misbah Manzoor8
...dung-derived) biochar as mixtures with air-dried poultry manure on the growth and concentration of heavy metals in edible tissues of tomato and lettuce. These biochars were separately mixed with poultry manure as 1:1 ratio on air-dry weight bases. Soil was contaminated with chromite mine tailing debris at 2% amendment rate (980 g soil + 20 g debris). Biochar-poultry manure mixtures were applied in soil at 10% and 20% amendme...
Ahmad Abrar Khan* and Muhammad Idrees
...r oil and 69.7% Bordeaux mixture while unfortunately,60.6% of the respondents were not doing hoeing practice. The Regression analysis results reported application of chemical fertilizers, FYM, irrigation in drought periods, pruning, winter oil and Bordeaux mixture application were positively and significantly related to apricot production while simultaneously flat-headed borer and brown rot were found inversely but significa...
Hagar E. Mohammed1, Ranwa A. Elrayess2 and Heba N. Gad El-Hak2*
... of these two herbs as a mixture has no effects on male reproductive health.
...
Muhammad Irfan Ullah1*, Sana Majeed1, Muhammad Arshad1, Nimra Altaf1, Muhammad Luqman2, Asad Abdullah1 and Muhammad Afzal3
...d after application of a mixture of emamectin benzoate and P. hysterophorus in comparison to control +ve treatment (untreated). The survival rate was also decreased by using this combination compared to the alone application of insecticide. These findings reflect P. hysterophorus extract’s interference with the regulation of feeding and metabolism of S. litura. Further, the results promote P. hysterophorus extract in combination with emamectin benzoate f...
Fawzy Rania1, AboElkhair M.1, Bazid A.M.1, Sultan H.2, Hussien A.H.3
...tian poultry industry. A mixture of genetic mutations and or recombination events has been occurred during replication of coronaviruses including IBV which called quasispecies. Serotypic and or genotypic classification of IBV is mainly based on the S1 subunit of Spike (S) gene. In the present study, thirty tracheal samples of broiler flocks suspected to be infected with IBV were collected from different Egyptian governorates during 2012. Isolation and genetic ...
Samah A. Mokbel1, Ashraf A. Abd El-Mohsen2
Sadiq Haladu1*, Taiwo Oladoye Akande2 and Mudassir Nasir3
...eaf meal, diet 6 with 1% mixture of FLM and MLM and diet 7 with 2% mixture of FLM and MLM, the mixture was in the of ratio 1:1. The diets were fed to 105 Isa brown laying birds with 15 birds per treatment arranged in 2x3+1 factorial. Samples of blood and egg yolk taken were analyzed for serum components, haematological indices and lipid profiles. The results of plasma lipid profile showed ...
Radwa M. Shafie 1 and Soha S. M. Mostafa2
...ed, individually or in a mixture, against Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) infection on Vicia faba L. Giza 716 and Chenopodium amaranticolor Cost and Reyn. The non-inoculated algal synthetic media were used as control. Findings revealed that the mixture of the three algal filtrates gave the highest percentages of inhibition. Lower inhibition effect was produced by culture filtrate of N. muscorum and S. platensis, respectively...
Abeera Razzaq1, Sajid Abdullah1, Huma Naz2*, Khalid Abbas1, Laiba Shafique3 and Qingyou Liu3
...t (Co) and chromium (Cr) mixture to fish Labeo rohita by using micronuclei assay. Fish were exposed to the four sub-lethal doses (26.61, 13.30, 19.98 and 7.98 mgL-1) of Cr+Cr mixture for 28 days and blood was sampled after 7 days interval. A group (n=10) of fish were also kept in clean water (negative control=NC) and cyclophasphamid (positive control=PC), separately. Blood from caudal vein of fish was colle...
Aliya Munir1, Sajid Abdullah1*, Huma Naz2*, Khalid Abbas1, Tanveer Ahmed3 and Zahid Farooq2
...thrin+endosulfan (DM+ES) mixture for 4-day. Sampling was performed after a 24-hr period. Fish were sacrificed and organs were collected to calculate the POx activity. It was observed that the exposure of DM+ES significantly accelerated the POx level in gills, liver and kidney of fish in a time dependent manner. ...
Ahmed Ali Moryani1, Nasir Rajput1*, Muhammad Naeem1, Atta Hussain Shah1 and Hidayatullah Soomro2
...were supplemented with a mixture of all 3 herbs/plants at 2ml/L; mixed with distilled water and another with citric acid. The dressing percentage was observed significantly (P < 0.05) higher in compound II supplementary group F and lowest in control group A. Whereas, the fat pad percentage recorded significantly (P < 0.05) lowest in the compound II supplementary group F and highest in control group A. The relative weight of organs; liver, pancreas, splee...
Dilan Ozmen Ozgun1, Gonca Alak2, Arzu Ucar2, Sinan Bilginer3, Halise Inci Gul3, Mahmut Kocaman2, Cem Yamalı3, Veysel Parlak2, Muhammed Atamanalp2, Ahmad Maslat4 and Telat Yanık2*
...small;">In this study, a mixture of a suitable chalcone and p-hydrazinobenzenesulfonamide hydrochloride in 1:1.1 mol ratio in ethanol (25 ml) in the presence of glacial acetic acid (0.05 ml) was refluxed for synthesis of 4-(3-(4-Bromophenyl)-5-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-1-yl) benzenesulfonamide, B4, for 7h at first experiment. Effects of B4 on antioxidant enzymes of gill and liver, and changes in hematological parameters ...
Nabila Kousar1, Tanzeela Riaz2, Anum Feroz1, Abdul Rauf Shakoori3 and Farah Rauf Shakoori1*
...pest populations and the mixture 0.5DM+1DE was found to be most effective among all mixtures on the basis of LC50 values and relative toxic unit. The toxicity of this mixture was analyzed on glucose, glycogen, trehalose, total proteins, soluble proteins, free amino acids and total lipids contents of 4th instars larva of most resistant GUW and least resistant LAB-S pop...
Izaz Hussain, Ahmad Khan* and Habib Akbar
...ce having HA (applied as mixture with 1 kg soil for each plot) and FYM (soil incorporated with rotavator) one month before sowing. Maize growth contributing parameters (leaves plant-1, leaf area and index, ear length, and plant height) were improved in treated plots than control plots. The application of 50 L BM ha-1 improved maize growth contributing parameters over 25 L BM ha-1. Increasing the application rate of HA from 3 to 9 kg ha-1 had increased leaves p...
Jo Ik-Hwan1, Choi Kwang-Won1, Muhammad Yaqoob2 and Muhammad Fiaz3*
...cale hairy vetch and pea mixtures was not different (P>0.05) across all manure levels. Yield of total digestible nutrients (TDN) was highest at 150 kg N/ha in triticale sole monocrop, followed by 100, 50 and 0 kg N/ha levels. The overall TDN yield in triticale vetch mixture with 100 kg N/ha was higher (P<0.05) than control and not different (P>0.05) from 50 and 150 kg N/ha levels. However, TDN yield of triticale-pea...
Reena Ambreen1, Sadaf Sarfraz1*, Fouzia Qamar2 and Shomaila Skinadar1
...water solvent-surfactant mixtures plays a significant role in numerous fields of industries such as polymer industry, enhanced oil recovery, emulsion, drug distribution, textile staining and detergency. Surface active agents molecules tend to aggregate themselves into structures named as micelles. The formation of these micelles is accountable for the hydrophobic substances that are solubilized in surfactant-water system. The present review focuses to study th...
Xueli Jiang1,2, Jie Gao3, Muhammad Zahid Sharif1,2, Xuewen Zhang4 and Fanglin Liu1,*
...ar with complex phenolic mixture. In the study, we investigate the bee losses of Apis mellifera in the flowering period of the Mexican sunflower Tithonia diversifolia in southwestern China, and use data mining approach to model the relationships between nectar phenolics and bee losses. The results show that bee losses are closely related to the phenolics of isochlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid and galangin, identified fro...
Muhammad Awais1,2, Waqas Ahmad3, Akhtar Rasool Asif4, Sayyed Aun Muhammad1, Iahtasham Khan1*, Muhammad Amjad Ali5, Muhammad Qaiser Riaz1 and Muhammad Saqib2
...H-PImxr (an equal volume mixture of Acacia honey + Pyodine gel) respectively. Significant differences were found among four treatments with respect to contraction, granulation tissue, tensile strength, healing time and hydroxyproline contents measurement in both experiments. Honey and povidone mixture treated animals showed significantly improved wound contraction, healing time, tensile strength and hydroxyproline mea...
Nasir Ali Tauqir1, Asim Faraz2*, Annamaria Passantino3, Muhammad Asif Shahzad1, Rana Muhammad Bilal4, Adeel Tahir1, Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq2 and Abdul Waheed2
... steep liquor and enzose mixture as a non-conventional protein ingredient in day old broiler chicks. For this purpose, 42 days study was conducted using hubbard broiler chicks (n=200). The birds were divided into 5 groups containing 4 replicates having 10 chicks each. Birds were offered 5 iso-caloric and isonitrogenous broiler starter (metabolizable energy 2850 kcal/ kg; crude protein 20%) diet from day 1-21 and broiler finisher (metabolizable en...
He Yujiao1,2, Xie Huichun1, Lin Gonghua2,3, ZhangTongzuo2,3, Su Jianping2,3 and Du Yurong1*
...e region have a higher admixture. Due to a faster mutation rate, microsatellite markers offer better insight into newer evolutionary events than mtDNA, likely resulting in the discrepancies we observe between the two markers. We suggest that combining the two different markers may be beneficial in obtaining a more complete assessment of the population genetic structure.
... 
Tilahun Woretaw1, Netsanet Beyero2*, Yonatan Kassu3
...spectively. The drinking mixture of P. schimperiana in milk, and water was higher during the dry season and lowered during the wet season. The estimated biomass yields were 4.34±0.13 kg and 5.56±0.119 kg in the dry and wet seasons, respectively. Further feeding trial experiments should be conducted on live animals especially on a dairy animal for studying the response, for optimal production, productivity, and economic efficiency.
Keyword...
Tintin Rostini1*, Irwan Zakir1, Danang Biyatmoko2
...holesterol, Ca and P). A mixture of yeast and curcuma supplementation from local feed-based rations significantly improved the performance of the Jawarandu Goat. concluded that the use of 0.5% yeast and 2% temulawak was the best in goat ration supplementation. Based on the results, it was concluded that the use of yeast ang curcuma supplements improves the performance of goat production.
Keywords | Jawarandu Goat, Digestibility, Daily gain, P...
Tran Thi Bich Ngoc1,2, Ninh Thi Huyen1,2, Nguyen Cong Oanh2, Pham Kim Dang2*
Fulencio Ferretiz-Rodríguez1, Jose Alejandro Roque-Jiménez1, Héctor A. Lee-Rangel1*, Gregorio Alvarez-Fuentes1, Juan Carlos Garcia-Lopez1, Rolando Rojo-Rubio2
...airy cattle. Some herbal mixtures with conjugates of choline and methionine have improved milk yield in dairy cattle. An experiment was conducted to evaluate two herbal formulas as sources of choline and methionine on dairy cows production and metabolites change. Thirty-two Holstein cows (Body Condition Score 3.01 ± 0.16) fed a basal diet, were randomly assigned to one of four treatments: Control diet, Biocholine (BIO) supplementation (15 grams/cow/day)...
Zane Vincevica-Gaile1, Karina Stankevica1, Maris Klavins1, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi2, Damat Damat3*, Praptiningsih Gawawati Adinurani4, Lili Zalizar5, Muhammad Zul Mazwan6, Juris Burlakovs7,
Didiek Hadjar Goenadi8,9, Rista Anggriani3 and Aamir Sohail10
...ediments in a mass ratio mixture of 67:100, optimally applicable for soil improvement at a rate of 50 g L–1. Besides, regional opportunities in Indonesia and Latvia are referred. It was concluded that peat-free soil amendment elaboration can be better implemented on a regional scale after assessing agricultural needs, soil specifics, and available raw material variety applicable as ingredients in soil-improving products.
&n...
Wafaa M.A. Ghoneem, Reham R. El-Tanany and Adel E.M. Mahmoud*
...er hay, concentrate feed mixture (CFM) plus sodium bicarbonate (1% of dry matter (DM)), while lambs in G2 and G3 groups fed clover hay, CFM plus natural zeolite (clinoptilolite) at the level of 1 and 2% of DM, respectively. Results showed that there were insignificant (P<0.05) differences among groups in the digestion coefficients (%) of dry matter, crude fiber, ether extract, nitrogen-free extract, and feeding value expressed as digestible crude protein. A...
Amir Z. Allam, Hayam A. Mansour, Nermeen M.L. Malak, Heba H.S. Abdel-Naeem*
..., addition of O into the mixture of T-O, O-CL, or T-O-CL improved their antibacterial activity. Furthermore, treatment of chicken patties with TCL, TO, OCL, as well as TOCL completely suppressed the growth of LAB (< 2 log10 CFU/g) at 0-time of examination and during the entire freezing storage. Additionally, the highest reduction rate in APC, psychrotrophic, and Enterobacteriaceae count was observed in samples treated with mixture
Ramy S. Yehia1,3, Essam A. Shaalan2* and Hashem M. Al-Sheikh1
...h fungi as well as their mixtures with essential oils were evaluated against house fly larvae under laboratory conditions. Batches of house fly larvae (25 individuals per replicate and 4 replicates per dose of fungi) were subjected to five doses from each fungus (101, 103, 105, 107 and 109 conidia/ml) in plastic cups for one min then transferred to a clean one. Both test and control cups were incubated for 7 days to determine LC50, 90 and EI50, 90. Joint actio...
Doaa Khairy1, Mohamed Ali Osman2 and Fatma Abdel Mohsen Mostafa1*
...tomato growth in vivo. A mixture of moringa or neem aqueous leaf extracts with different parts of canola viz. leaf, stem and root gave better results than did single ones. Dual application of neem leaf extracts and canola parts extracts exhibited detectable augmentation in plant biomass better than other treatments. However, triple application of canola, moringa and neem leaf extracts (41.0%) surpassed all treatments and improved tomato length. All treatments ...
Taiwo Oladoye Akande*, Dayo Johnson Ogunyemi, Priscilla Funmilola Okunlola, Emmanuel Owolabi, Odetayo Olakanmi
...the three PFAs and their mixture used in this study improved the performance, nutrient utilization, and carcass traits of broilers. The overall benefits accrued in birds fed with the blend of the PFAs. While garlic showed a higher anti-lipogenic tendency, moringa had a greater influence on the feed intake and growth of the experimental birds.
Keywords | Blood lipids, Broiler, Carcass yield, Ilea digestibility, Phytogenic additive
...
Fan Xu1,2*, Cheng Wu3 and Su Zeng1
...y pharmacy intravenous admixture service. The drug concentration should be more than 0.05 μg/ml, and the drug concentration 0.1 μg/ml is the most appropriate. Lipo-PGE1 and DN-PGE1 injection can be administered by intravenous drip. The finished infusion should be used up within 6 h after the dispensing....
Md. Enayet Kabir1, Md. Jahangir Alam1*, Md. Mosharaf Hossain2, Zannatul Ferdaushi3
...der, and 40% concentrate mixture (dry matter basis) fed separately as a conventional feeding system. Cattle in the other two treatment groups were fed TMR, where one fed TMR (TMR1) with control ration and the other fed TMR (TMR2) with the same feed ingredients in the same quantity except probiotic fermented rice straw instead of untreated rice straw of TMR1. The trial lasted ninety days. Feeding of TMR2 improved the growth rate (P<0.05) of fattening cattle ...
Amjed Ali1, Muhammad Tayyab1*, Abu Saeed Hashmi2, Asif Nadeem3, Shumaila Hanif4, Sehrish Firyal1, Shagufta Saeed1, Ali Raza Awan1 and Muhammad Wasim1
...TA in the activity assay mixture reduced the β-lactamase activity to 91% while Zn2+, Co2+, Mn2+ enhanced the enzymatic activity to 144, 121 and 108% when used at a final concentration of 1 mM. The ionic and non-ionic detergents showed slight inhibitory impact on the recombinant β-lactamase activity. The enzyme exhibited the Km and Vmax values of 2.27 mM and 45.45µmol/min, respectively when benzylpenicillin was utilized as substrate. The degrada...
The Effect of Pomegranate Peel on Soybean Meal Protein Degradation and Milk Production in Dairy Cows
Soliman Mohammed Soliman1*, Mohsen Mahmoud Shoukry2, Ahmed Mohammed El-Okazy1, Ahmed Mahmoud El-Morsy1, Mahmoud Mohammed Soliman1
...in source used to fodder mixtures. However, more than 60% of the protein is degradable in the rumen. Several attempts have been made to reduce protein degradation. This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of different supplementation levels of pomegranate peel (PP) on the in situ degradation of soybean meal (SBM) by using three ruminally cannulated. In order to determine the optimal levels of PP to reduce the degradation of SBM, for evaluated...
Abd El-Moniem Ali S. Mahgoub, Ahmed Mohamed Abd El-Hafeez, Mahmoud Yassin Mohamed*, Al-Moataz Bellah Mahfouz Shaarawy, Mohamed Ibrahim Nassar
...ol (60% concentrate feed mixture + 40% clover hay). The remaining rations were supplemented with sesban hay by 10% (R2), 20% (R3), and 30% (R4) as a replacement from the clover hay ratio in the control ration. Results showed that supplementation of sesban hay increased the nutritive value of digestible crude protein (P < 0.0001), ruminal pH, and NH3-N values. Total dry matter intake tended insignificantly decrease with increasing levels from sesban hay. Fin...
Mimi Syazwani Jaapar1, Eric Lim Teik Chung1,2*, Nazri Nayan1, Mamat Hamidi Kamalludin1,2, Mookiah Saminathan3, Kalai Vaani Muniandy2, Muhammad Hazziq Mohd Hamdan1, Shokri Jusoh1, Faez Firdaus Abdullah Jesse2,4
...ion, 10% of B. decumbens mixture displayed minimal effects in the in vitro assessment, while 60% of B. decumbens mixture showed the most significant results out of all three treatments indicating the presence of saponins did influence negatively on the gas production and ruminal fermentation characteristics.
Keywords | Brachiaria decumbens, Gas production, Rumen fermentation characteristics, Saponins, Sheep.
Iqtidar Hussain1, Haroon Shahzad2*, Sami Ullah2*, Muhammad Jawad Nazir1 and Muhammad Rizwan3
...se of maize to herbicide mixture of Atrazine plus Mesotrion. The research was investigated in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with split plot arrangements. The varieties were allotted to main plots and weed management practices were allocated in subplots. This study focused on the parameters about weed densities before and after weed management and other agronomic parameters including grain yield. Relative weed densities of Cyprus rotundus L., Eleusi...
Yasmin M.M. Mahmoud
...eceived concentrate feed mixture (CFM) and BH (60:40 %) as control diet (T0). Tested groups T1 and T2 were given rations containing (BB) 10 % or 20 % as replacement of (BH) in the control diet, respectively, for 90 days as an experimental period. As digestibility trials were conducted on the goats to determine the digestion coefficients and feeding values of rations used. Results revealed that goat groups that received T1 and T2 recorded a significant increase...
Yasmin M. M. Mahmoud*
...ed from concentrate feed mixture and berseem hay with rate of 60 and 40%, respectively. Kids in the 2nd (G1) and 3rd (G2) groups were fed the control ration supplemented with 1% or 2%-DCHL as a replacement of berseem hay in control ration. Results revealed that digestion coefficients, feeding value, final body weight and weight gain were significantly (P<0.05) higher with diets containing up to 2%-DCHL than control one. Feed intake were higher (P<0.05) f...
Imtiaz Ahmed*, Imran Khan and Zia Ud Din
...s then replaced with the mixture at 1 , 2 and 3 % incorporation levels, to prepare composite test bread.Total polyphenols, total flavonoids content and antioxidant potential of the wheat flour, chamomile powder, wild thyme powder, mixture of chamomile and wild thyme at the ratio of 1:1, control bread and composite test bread samples were performed using standard methods. Folin-Ciocalteu, Aluminium chloride, and Colorimetric ...
Zohair S. Mulla1*, Mostafa M. Abdelhafeez2
..., citric acid, and their mixture containing equal volumes of both acetic and citric acids at 0.5%, 1%, and 2%. The achieved results in the current study declared high microbial counts for the tested meat products, particularly for the ground beef. E. coli was isolated from the examined meat products at 40% for ground beef, 20% for beef burger, and 10% for beef sausage, respectively. The recovered E. coli were further identified into six serotypes, namely E. co...
Diagnosis of Staphylococcus aureus Infection in Bovine Mastitis using its Affinity Purified Fraction
Ehab A. Fouad1*, Khaled A. Abd El-Razik2 , Eman H. Abdel-Rahman3
...fraction was eluted with mixture of glycine (0.1 M) and sodium chloride (0.5 M) at pH (2.3). Purified antigens and unbound were inspected of protein concentration. In the crude antigen, there were two bands with molecular weights of 73 and 64 KDa, compared to ten bands with molecular weights ranging from 209 to 24 KDa. The isolated fraction showed diagnostic properties of S. aureus mastitis using indirect ELISA with 100% sensitivity and 95 % specificity. The f...
Faiza Ghazanfar1, Masood Rabbani1*, Aamir Ghafoor2 and Muhammad Hassan Mushtaq3
...synergistic actions of a mixture of organic acids are effective for decreasing Campylobacter jejuni colonization in vivo. Moreover, our study also suggests that there is no direct impact of organic acids on weight gain and FCR of the birds statistically....
Maham Tariq, Aqsa Akhtar and Nauman Khalid*
...uice formulation and the mixture of candies containing 10% (w/w) carrot juice and 30% (w/w) fennel extract, while the highest antioxidant activity was observed in candies containing 30% (w/w) carrot juice and 10% (w/w) fennel extract. The formulated candies showed a good sensory profile and can be utilized as a potential source of functional candies for improving the nutritional profile of children....
Sehrish Akram1, Abida Butt1* and Shakil Ahmad Khan2
.... The toxicity of binary mixture of IMF + Pb showed synergism against all instars of silkworm. While, binary mixture of IMT + Pb displayed synergism, additive, and antagonism and antagonism activity in silkworm larvae in silkworm larvae. The results of our study provide useful data for the assessment of ecological risk of the tested compounds (single or mixture) against different silkworm ...
Ibrahim S. Abu-Alya1*, Nagwa I. Sheraiba2, Enas K. Aziz2, Noha A. Osman2, Afaf A. Kishta1
...diet supplemented with a mixture of 0.5% garlic and 0.5% ginger oil. The fish group received ginger oil in its diet at a 0.5% rate (T4) showed a significant increase of growth performance (overall body weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate) with a lower feed conversion ratio. Besides, garlic oil supplementation on fish diet at a 0.5% rate (T2) improved the overall body weight. The plasma biochemical parameters results indicate that garlic oil and/or gi...
Sehrish Ashraaf1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1*, Chand Raza1, Ayesha Muzamil1, Farman Ahmad Chaudhary2, Muhammad Summer1 and Aamir Ali1
...he preliminary results a mixture of best concentration of sericin and curcumin was successfully achieved and was used in further studies. In the group that was given carrageenan alone, the number of erythrocytes, hemoglobin and platelets were decreased, whereas count of white blood cells was increased significantly. The effect of sericin and curcumin was dose dependent. The highest concentrations of sericin (0.09 mg/ml) and curcumin (3%) reversed the blood par...
Sehrish Ashraaf1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1*, Chand Raza1, Ayesha Muzamil1, Farman Ahmad Chaudhary2, Muhammad Summer1 and Aamir Ali1
...he preliminary results a mixture of best concentration of sericin and curcumin was successfully achieved and was used in further studies. In the group that was given carrageenan alone, the number of erythrocytes, hemoglobin and platelets were decreased, whereas count of white blood cells was increased significantly. The effect of sericin and curcumin was dose dependent. The highest concentrations of sericin (0.09 mg/ml) and curcumin (3%) reversed the blood par...
Hemat A. Abdel Magied*, Heba H. Habib, Amany H. Waly, Ahmed Fadl, Sayed M. Shalash
...100) (P) individually or mixture (PEP) and either on low crude protein (CP) and low metabolizable energy (ME) were studied on growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of Arbor Acres broiler chickens. Two experiments were conducted in current study; experiments 1 (EXP1) evaluated the effects of PE and/or P supplementation to standard corn-soybean broiler diet (STD). while experiment 2 (EXP2) examined the PEP supplemented to different levels ...
Noha M. Abd El-Azeem*, Hemat A. Abdel Magied, Mervat N. Ghazal, Nehad A. Ramadan, Enayat H. Abo El-Azayem, Y. S. Hussein, Heba H. Habib
...dditives, especially the mixture among them, by protecting against oxidative stress factors caused by pregnancy and lactation in female rabbits under heat stress.
Keywords | Antioxidant; Turmeric; MOS; Biostrong; stress; Rabbit does
...
Nina Chen1, Shuang Xu2, Juanjuan Lin1* and Moslem Lari Najafi3
...lution, fat emulsion and mixture containing 25 kinds of antibiotics were prepared by the proportion suitable for piggyback infusion (33:10:40). The number of fine particles was analyzed by automatic particle counter. According to results, even 24 h after preparation, 12 β-lactam antibiotics, clindamycin phosphate, teicoplanin, trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole and micafungin sodium did not change significantly. The particle size of the ...
Sugiharto Sugiharto*, Ikania Agusetyaningsih, Endang Widiastuti, Hanny Indrat Wahyuni, Turrini Yudiarti, Tri Agus Sartono
...inated papaya seed and a mixture of germinated papaya seed and chitosan on growth and haematological parameters in broilers stocked in high-density pens from 15 to 28 days old. A total of 490 broiler chicks were distributed into four groups, including CONT (chicks receiving basal feed and raised under normal density [10 chicks per m2]), HSD (chicks receiving basal feed and raised under high density [20 chicks per m2]), HSD-P (chicks receiving 0.5% germinated p...
Istna Mangisah1*, Heni Rizqiati2, Nyoman Suthama1
...lia tuber extract (LDTE) mixture on intestinal microbial, digestive and immune organs weights, nutrient digestibility, and productive performance of broiler starter. Day-old broiler chickens with an average body weight of 45.61 ± 3.46 g, a total of 160 birds, were placed evenly in 20 experimental plots. The treatment tested was the LDTE level in 100 grams of feed, LDTE0 = without LDTE, LDTE1 = 1 mL, LDTE2 = 2 mL, and LDTE3 = 3 mL. The treatment was giv...
Emel Hulya Yukseloglu1, Fatma Cavus Yonar1*, Omer Karatas1, Gulten Rayimoglu1, Faruk Asicioglu1, Elif Canpolat1, Onur Ozturk2 and Itir Erkan3
...ility and repeatability, mixture and contamination study parameters. Validation parameters and population genetics data were calculated by using Arlequin v 3.5.2.2 version. According to our results, SE33 (PM=0.014) locus showed the greatest power of discrimination and TPOX (PM=0.132) has the least power of discrimination power in Turkish population. Combined power of exclusion and combined power of discrimination were calculated as 99.99999963% and 99.99999999...
Kamel Etman Ibrahim Etman*, Salah Kamal Sayed, Farouk Amin El-Sayed, Abd-Alghany Hasaneen Ghoniem, Mostafa Mohamed El-Nahrawy, Mona Ahmed Alsayed Farag
...ns 60 % concentrate feed mixture (CFM), 30 % corn silage (CS) and 10 % alfalfa hay (AH). The 2nd and 3rd animal groups were fed control ration supplemented with 5 gm probiotics bacteria and 10 gm fibrolytic enzyme per head , respectively. The experiment lasted about 180 days. Animals fed rations B and C appeared improvement in daily live body weight (LBW) gain with rate of 8.43 % and 13.19%, respectively. Consequently, animals fed supplemented rations showed ...
Khalid Farooq, Muhammad Tahir and Nazir Ahmad Khan*
...(DM) basis in the forage mixture were evaluated in comparison with a control/traditional diet. A total of 18 calves were allocated to the six experimental diets according to a randomized complete block designed and the dietary groups were balanced for age, BW and sex. Data on intakes of DM, nutrients and metabolizable energy (ME), digestibility of DM and nutrients, body weight (BW) gain and body condition score (BCS) were recorded. The intake of all nutrients ...
Amal G. Abdelrahman1, Nabil A. Yassien1, Hussein M.H. Mohamed1, Khaled S. Tolba2, Heba H.S. Abdel-Naeem1*
...group was treated with a mixture of those extracts (5% kiwi + 5 % pineapple) in addition to the control group. All groups were kept in frozen storage at ‒18 °C for 3 months and subjected to proximate chemical analysis, measurement of deterioration criteria, and sensory quality. The results revealed that all enzyme-treated samples significantly increase protein content and significantly decrease the fat content, pH, and thiobarbituric acid value with a si...
Ibrahim Samir Abd El-Hamid1, Alaa Emara Rabee2, Moustafa Mohamed M. A. Ghandour2, Rasha Salah Mohammed3, Ahmed Mohamed. Sallam4
...mentation phytochemicals mixture on semen quality, blood metabolism, oxidative status and testicular structures. Three groups of fourteen Damascus bucks were formed. The first group (control, n=4) served as the control group. The second group (n=5) supplemented with 10 g/head/day of plant herb mixtures (PHM), along with turmeric (Curcuma longa), ginger (Zingiber officinaleor), and garlic (Allium sativum). The third group (n=...
S. Miheret1, A. Seid2† and N. Hailu3
...surveyed tomato farms in mixture. Meloidogyne incognita was more prevalent than M. javanica from the surveyed tomato farms across the six localities. In a glasshouse experiment the intercropping of tomato with the antagonistic marigold followed by tomato with garlic intercropping was found highly reducing root galls, egg-mass and J2 per plant as compared to the inoculated tomato-sole cropping and with other antagonistic plants. Further research is needed to ev...
Sony A.E. Moningkey1*, Ronny A.V. Tuturoong1, Ingriet D.R. Lumenta1 and Nova L.I.M. Ogi2
...rumen content and sludge mixture fermented with Cellulomonas sp. in the complete feed composition to optimize the rabbit’s performance, weight increment, and food conversion. The study used 30 calf male rabbits strain New Zealand White (8–11 weeks old, 435-1,037 g). The feed consisted of fermented rumen content sludge mixture (FRCSM), and other feed materials, such as corn, coconut cake, pollard, bran, sugar drop...
A. Yu. Aliev1*, A.A., Aliev1, A.M. Musaev1, M.Z. Magomedov2
...gative reaction (-), the mixture of milk and the indicator remained homogeneous, pale raspberry colored, with a dubious (+) - it contained traces of the formation of the color of raspberry jelly. To detect latent mastitis in sheep, we proposed the rapid test of the A1 test, which is an aqueous solution of sulfanol and cresol red. Unlike a 2% mastidine solution, it is more sensitive. We also recommend for the treatment of serous mastitis in lactating sheep, int...
Hesham A. Mahran1,2*, Shawky M Aboelhadid3, Saad S. Alqahtani4,5, Mohamed Z. Sayed Ahmed4,5
...haracterized. The binary mixture of cinnamon with sesame oil (CS) was prepared at a rate of one part cinnamon to 3 parts sesame oil. Multiple concentrations from these formulations were prepared and tested against laboratory-reared adults and pupae of C. pipiens. The safety results showed that the ordinary form of cinnamon oil was safer for human skin cell fibroblast and human epidermoid Skin carcinoma than the other forms at high concentrations. Meanwhile, CN...
Safriyanto Dako1, Nibras Karnain Laya1, Syukri I Gubali1, Ari Ardiantoro2, V.M Ani Nurgiartiningsih3, Gatot Ciptadi3, Desinta Wulandari3, Suyadi Suyadi3*
... Gorontalo-Bonebolango admixture and North Gorontalo cattle were mixed with the PO cattle population. In conclusion, markers used were highly informative and polymorphic in investigating genetic diversity in Bonebolango, Gorontalo, and North Gorontalo populations, while the genetic relationship among cattle populations was divided into two main clusters, i.e., the Bali and PO populations, which closely reflect the breeding process in the research area. This in...
Subramaniyam Suresh, Saravanakumar Marimuthu*, Prashanth D’Souza
...ld. The freshly prepared mixture of PTF (40 g/cow/day) in concentrate feed and water was fed to the dairy cows for four consecutive weeks. The effectiveness of PTF was evaluated by assessing the parameters like milk yield (L), 4% fat corrected milk (4% FCM), milk fat (%), blood beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) (mmol/L), and serum cholesterol & triglycerides (mg/dL), and liver marker enzymes (IU/L) viz. aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT)...
Ovirup Bhushan Paul1, Shodipta Sharma Urmi2, Md. Ashraf Ali Biswas3*
...traw and 30% concentrate mixture. FTMR feed was produced by mixing TMR feed with molasses containing Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Prepared TMR and FTMR feed mixed with rumen fluid buffer for in vitro digestion at 6h, 12h, 24h, & 48h of the incubation period. There were five replications at each of TMR and FTMR dietary treatments. Mean comparison of both TMR and FTMR group evaluated by t-test assuming equal variances. We observed decreasing tendency of pH wit...
Theresia Nur Indah Koni*, Tri Anggarini Yuniwati Foenay, Stormy Vertygo
...a, palmyra sap and their mixture had a significant effect (P<0,05) on the value of pH, NH3 and lactic acid. Treatment T2 had the lowest values of pH and NH3 but had highest lactic acid. Additionally, the use of urea, palmyra sap and their mixture had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the value of dry matter, crude protein and crude fiber content of rice bran. Treatment T3 had the lowest dry matter and crude fiber conten...
Munasik*, Titin Widiyastuti, Caribu Hadi Prayitno
...of the cassava-tofu dreg mixture, this study used red oncom mushrooms enriched with Na-glutamate during the fermentation process. The research used a completely randomized factorial design, where two factors were considered: the addition level of Na-glutamate (0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%), and the addition level of red oncom mushrooms (0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%). Each treatment was repeated twice, followed by an orthogonal polynomial test. The variables observed were nu...
Pawinee Kingkan1, Thanathip Supcharoenkul1, Chaowit Rakangthong1, Chaiyapoom Bunchasak1, Komwit Surachat2,3, Wiriya Loongyai1*
...diet supplemented with a mixture of amoxicillin and colistin (Amox-Co) and a basal diet supplemented with amoxicillin and 1 g/kg of a bacteriophage cocktail (Amox-Phage). Each treatment consisted of eight replicate pens, with 50 pigs per replicate. Average daily gain (ADG) and the FCR did not differ between the groups. The Amox-Phage group showed greater resistance to diarrhoea compared with the Amox-Co group during week 6 (p < 0.05). The Amox-Co group show...
Sigit Bintara1*, Riyan Nugroho Aji1, Panjono2, Ali Agus3
...d water, and an egg yolk mixture to a proportion of 20% egg yolk 8% (v/v) glycerol (Merck, Germany), penicillin (1,000 IU/mL), and streptomycin (1,000 mg/mL). Sperm was diluted to 50 million/mL and treated with lycopene extract levels of 0% (control), 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4% in a diluent, equilibrated at the temperature of 5°C for 4 hours, packed in 0.25 ml straw, and refrozen into liquid nitrogen vapor about 5 cm above the liquid nitrogen surface for 10 minute...
Khalil1*, Dwi Ananta1, Andri Bachtiar2, Hermon3
...1% calcite-based mineral mixture, 0.6% molasses, and 0.05% urea. The supplemented straws were stored for 60 days in three bulk treatments: loose stacking, open-tied rolling, and airtight wrapping. The changes in physical appearances, botanical fraction, proximate, and fiber fraction content were determined. The nutritive values of stored rice straws were evaluated by feeding four male Indonesian-indigenous Pesisir cattle in a 4x4 Latin Square design. There wer...
Rizki Palupi*, Arfan Abrar, Fitri Nova Liya Lubis, Yuni Kurniati, Bianca Ikriza Octa Nadia Putri
... broiler chicken feed: a mixture of concentrate, corn, rice bran and fishmeal, and CCI according to the treatment. The observed variables were nutrient digestibility (dry matter, crude protein and crude fiber), hematological status and blood malondialdehyde levels in blood of broiler chickens. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and further tested by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results of this study indicated that the CCI had a significant (P<0.05) effec...
Walaa I. Mohameden1, Haidy G. Abdel-Rahman2, Ibrahim M. Hegab3*
...upplemented with mineral mixture for 60 days. Skin conditions and behavioral modifications were monitored alongside blood and plasma samples were harvested at days 0, 30, and 60 of the study for hematological and biochemical analysis. Results revealed an overall improvement in animal health, skin conditions, and liver and kidney functions. Significant (P < 0.05) increases in plasma proteins, zinc, and copper were recorded, while malondialdehyde, TNF-α...
Amirul Faiz Mohd Azmi1,4, Hafandi Ahmad1, Norhariani Mohd Nor1, Goh Yong Meng1, Mohd Zamri Saad2, Md Zuki Abu Bakar1, Norafizah Abdul Rahman5,6, Agung Irawan7,9, Anuraga Jayanegara8,9, Hasliza Abu Hassim1,3,9*
...concentrates solely or a mixture with bypass fat into a grass-based diet could decrease methane production, as well as methanogens without giving a detrimental effect on rumen fermentation but also increase the degree of fatty acids saturation partially via increasing the abundance of fibrolytic bacteria. Thus, both dietary treatments are highly recommended to enhance optimal rumen fermentation and eventually support production performance. ...
The Effect of Adding Malic and Acetic Acids to Drinking Water on The Productive Performance of Quail
Ali A. M. Al-Kuhla1*, Yaman S. Fadhil1, Saffanah K. Mahmood2
... on intestine. Moreover, mixture of acetic and malic acid could be more helpful in digestion and absorption of nutrients in the small intestine. ...
Yunilas1*, Muheri Indra Aja Nasution2, Edhy Mirwandhono1, Adi Fathul Qohar3
...time for chitin. Using a mixture of organic acids at a dose of 9% and a fermentation time of 15 days resulted in the highest reduction in chitin content from 18.05% to 11.60% (a decrease of 35.74%).
...
Arief1*, Roni Pazla2
...ats through the use of a mixture of high-quality forages such as Mirasolia diversifolia (Md), Indigofera zoolingeriana (Iz), and Gliricidia sepium (Gs) with palm concentrate (PC). We used a completely randomized design, implementing four treatments with four replicates as follows: Treatment T1: Control; 60% Company Ration + 40% Company Concentrate, T2: 60% (Md+Gs) + 15% CC +25% PC, T3: 60% (Iz+Gs) + 15% CC + 25% PC, T4: 60% (Md+Iz) + 15% CC +25% PC. The findin...
Promising Immunomodulation Potential of Ganoderma lucidium and Oregano as Mixture on Broiler Chicken
Fateh A. Badi*, Anwar A. G. Al-Kubati, Naif Al-Gabri
...d group was treated with mixture of both Ganoderma lucidium and Origanum vulgare with 1gm/Kg from each (GO group) and the fourth group was the control group (C group). The hematological parameter (haematocrit, Hb, RBC, MCV, MHC and MHCH) were measured. The immuno-stimulation in each group were measured using total, differential WBC count, heterophil to lymphocyte ratio, bursa index, spleen index, bursa to spleen ratio and phagocytosis index using carbon c...
Amna Ali Mohammed Makoof Zabanoot, Al Wafaa Ahmed Suhail Qatan, Amal Salim Mahad Hubais, Khadijah Hamid Musallam Bait Said and Selvaraju Sivamani*
...me in soil-rejected lime mixture with fixed 5 g of soil) and tested for pH, electrical conductivity, and cation exchange capacity. An optimal combination of soil and rejected lime from each mountain was selected to grow the green gram plant for 28 days. The western mountainous range of Dhofar Governorate showed better growth with 4 plants, and length of the stem, root, and plant as 14.2, 2.1 and 16.3 cm, respectively. Thus, it is be concluded that rejected lim...
Wei Wan1, Xiao-Li Wang1, Shu-Juan Wang2, Qin Si2 and Li-Qing Duan1*
...of individual and binary mixture of these monoterpenoids against adult P. sinica. The effects of these monoterpenoids on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities in P. sinica were assessed in vitro. Correlation between numbers of synergistic or antagonistic binary mixtures and AChE or GST activities was analyzed. The results showed that 2-ethylimidazole had the strongest acute toxicity again...
Haigang Wu1,2, Bingjie Ma1, Jinni Liu1, Fei Zhang3, Kaiwei Deng1 and Hualing Gong1,2*
...ying hens. We utilized a mixture of 8 components that included the Fabaceae family members Radix astragali and Sophora flavescens as well as dandelion, pine needle powder, marigold, rosemary, Shenqu (a leavened mixture) and Gardenia jasminoides. Our study groups included 2000 healthy 350 days old laying hens that were randomly divided into 4 groups and standard feed was supplemented with 0 (control), 0.5, 1 and 1.5 % additiv...
Omaima Khamiss
...showing clearly that the mixture with Spli GV enhance the effect of Spli NPV when it was introduced 24hr prior to NPV or simultaneously: In addition to' protein profiles by SDS-PAGE, TEM electron microscopy ultrathin sections and hybridization dot blots, gel transfer to follow the probable mechanism especially with the high percentage of genome homology that was over 66% with one of five tested restriction enzymes. These observations suggest an important possi...
El-Tabakh, SAA l ; Abdel Wahab, KSE; Badr, AF and Helal, IG
...alf serum and antibiotic mixture (IOOU penicillin and 100 mgm streptomycin/ml) and subcultured at 3-4 days. HepG2 cells were maintained throughout the experiment in Ham F-12 medium maintenance medium with 2% fetal calf serum; 1000 IU penicillin and 1000 mgm streptomycin antibiotic mixture; with 4% (w/v) polyethylene glycol (PEG), 2% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO); and IOYI lovastatin for the experimental infection with HCV. ...
Sahar A. Youssef I and A. A. Shalaby
...ination in an artificial mixture with no interference. This method saves time and reagent costs compared with rnonospecific RT-PCR needs several reactions for the sarne number of tests. Using this method, jnany samples can be simultaneously analyzed and it can be used routinely för sanitary and cettification prograrnmes.
...
A-New-Whitefly-Transmitted-Geminivirus
...fficult to diagnose such mixtures by biological properties. Two types of yellow leaf curl symptoms were collected from tomato plants grown at different locations in Egypt. The collected plants were subjected to biological analysis, the viral causal agent vector of the two types of symptoms was found to be Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius). Based on diagnostic host species and back inoculation assay two different types of symptoms were found. The first consists of ide...
M.E. Shawky and A.M. Daoud.
...ing Studies. When enzyme mixtures in the reaction were optimized. The best results were obtained with Tth and PFU polymerases at concentrations of 2.50-0.40, 2.50-0.50 and 2.50-0.60 units, respectively...
Compatibility of Selected Insecticides Against Sucking Insect Pests of Cotton Under Field Conditions
M. Tariq Mushtaq1, Faisal Manzoor1, M. Ishtiaq1*, Mirza Abdul Qayyum1, Muqarrab Ali2, M. Akram3, M. Rafiq Shahid3 and Saleem Riaz1
...of different insecticide mixtures against sucking insect pests i.e., whitefly and jassid. Compatibility of four insecticides combinations i.e., buprofezin + flonicamid, buprofezin + nitenpyram at recommended and half dose of recommended for two years. In separate experiment two combinations of pyriproxyfen + imidacloprid and pyriproxyfen + matrine applied at recommended doses (RD) and 1/2 of recommended doses (HD) were applied on cotton crop against whitefly a...
Moazama Batool1*, Saima Naz2*, Sheeza Bano1, Sadia Nazir3, Ghulam Abbas4, Ahmad Manan Mustafa Chatha5, Maria Lateef2 and Fatima Yasmin2
...ead, nickel, and cadmium mixture....
Waseem Abbas, Imtiaz Ahmed* and Imran Khan
... powder, thyme powder, a mixture of chamomile and wild thyme at the ratio of 1:1, control bread (CB) and composite test bread samples were performed using standard methods. In-vitro starch digestibility and total starch were determined by Megazyme starch assay kit. A nine-point hedonic scale assessed bread samples for consumer acceptance. The findings of proximate composition showed a significant increase in ash at 2 and 3 % incorporation. The fiber content al...
Muhammad Atif Raza1, Muhammad Tariq Javed2, Muhammad Fiaz1*, Muhammad Shakeel3, Muhammad Shahbaz Ul Haq2, Amna Kanwal2, Syeda Maryam Hussain1 and Muhammad Zubair Siddiqi4
...c oxide and copper oxide mixture (37.5 + 15 mg/Kg/d) was found optimum alternate to Florfenicol antibiotic against Salmonella gallinarum infection in broiler birds. Hence, Zinc oxide and copper oxide nanoparticles could be an adequate alternative treatment replacing antibiotics against Fowl Typhoid in broilers....
Mouhamed Zakiou Kolawole Adissa Raimi1, Ghulam Hussain2, Nousheen Zafeer3, Faheem Ahmad1, Muhammad Irfan4, Anwar Ullah1, Imdad Kaleem1 and Asghar Shabbir1*
...honey, black seed oil or mixture of both for 6 weeks after demyelination. Behavioral tests were performed at the end of treatment. Afterwards, oligodendrocyte population was estimated in cerebellar white matter after histology. It was found that all three treatments efficiently induce remyelination. Interestingly, the mixture of honey and black seed was significantly more efficient than honey and black seed alone. Our data s...
Syed Makhdoom Hussain*, Hafiza Hina Shafqat, Muhammad Faisal, Mahnoor Saleem, Zeeshan Yousaf and Muhammad Amjad
...ower oil, canola oil and mixture of all mentioned vegetable oils respectively. Triplicate tanks were used and every tank had 15 fingerlings. Results demonstrated that significant (p<0.05) improvement in growth performance i.e. weight gain % (WG %) (210.48), minimum feed conversion ratio (FCR) (1.11) and maximum specific growth rate (SGR) (1.61) of fingerlings were noted when fed with test diet-VI-based on plant mixture oi...
Huma Naz1*, Sajid Abdullah2, Tanveer Ahmed3*, Khalid Abbas2, Syed Qaswar Ali Shah1, Muhammad Rizwan1, Fareeha Latif4, Adnan Ahmad Qazi1, Muhammad Adeel Hassan5
... exposed to insecticides mixture was increased throughout the experiment. Similarly, the frequency of micronuclei (MN) and other nuclear anomalies (NAs) were also increased as the duration of exposure passed. It is concluded that exposure of fish to insecticides may cause considerable genetic damage to the fish. The both Comet and MN Assay are good biomarkers to identify the insecticides pollution. The results of our study can be utilized in environmental risk...
Iqra Haider Khan1, *Arshad Javaid1 and Nadeem Shad1
...residues and the aqueous mixture was successively
partitioned with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. Different concentrations
of each fraction were prepared which ranged from 1.562 to 200 mg mL-1. Antifungal activity
was carried out in malt extract broth medium. In general, all the concentrations of the four
organic solvent fractions significantly controlled the growth of A. versicolor. There wer...
Muhammad Tahir Laeeq and Muhammad Asif Aziz
...lants. (iii) use of four mixtures of soil, sand and farmyard manure in the ratios of 3:2:1, 2:2:1, 4:3:2 and 3:2:2. (iv) use of four sizes of polythene bags (17.8 x 10.6 cm, 17.8 x 8.9 cm, 16.5 x 10.6 cm and 20.3 x 10.2 cm).
The result of fertilizer experiment revealed that control seedlings and those treated at intervals of 4,6 and 8 days with urea gave significantly better survival as compared to those seedlings treated at an intervals 2 days. Howe...
Ch. Muhammad Muslim, Sohail Sikander and Shabbir Mughal
...hene tubes filled with a mixture of soil, sand and farm yard manure in equal proportion for germination test. It was found that seed lot treated with 300 ppm solution of Gibberellic acid give highest germination percentage....
G.A. Bajwa and H. Gul
... tried separately and in mixture as growth inhibitor and pesticide in the laboratory against Plusia orichalcea, a serious defoliator of nursery plants being environmentally safe for this purpose seed of A. indica, bark of C. fistula and leaves & tender shoots of C. procera were used The reduction in larval body weight in treated larvae was 74 19% to 78.92% over control in case of C. procera and the mi...
Mian Muhammad Shafiq
...aretic species contain a mixture of
those common to a large part of Eurasia, and with those with affinities to the
Middle East, Western Asia, Central Asia and Tibet. The rate of endemism is relatively and 11%
low (5% for plants, 4% for mammals, none for birds, 10% for reptiles for fish) but the blending of elements from different origins has ensured a diverse and interesting flora and fauna....
Tanvir Ahmad Qureshi
... C) old trees and
their mixtures; 50 percent A/50 percent B, 50 percent B/
50 percent C and 50 percent A / 50 percent C, bonded
with urea formaldehyde resin. Static bending, internal
bond, screw withdrawal, thickness swelling, water
absorption and linear expansion of particleboards for
each age class and their mixtures were determined.
Boards easily met industry specifications for all
properties except linear expansi...
Maqsood Ahmed and H. Verplancke
...eight
and soil-hydrogel mixtures were saturated with saline
solutions prepared by mixing NaCl at different
proportions in deionized water after sowing seeds of
three different species. Germination and growth were
recorded. Both growth parameters responded positively to
the addition of polymer, and negatively to the salt
concentration in saturating solutions. A variation was
also observed between the species....
Ghulam Akbar, Shahid Rafique and Muhammad Asghar
Mohammad Saleem and C. A. Call
...noculture and in a 50:50 mixture in an 11-month (44-week) greenhouse study. Defoliation treatments were implemented when plants were 32 weeks old; and consisted of: equally clipping (3-cm stubble height) plants in monoculture and mixture zero, one, two or three times at 4-week intervals (32, 36. and 40 weeks after emergence), and clipping (3-cm stubble height) one species in mixture zero...
Wali-ur-Rehman and M. Ismail Chaudhry
.......
S. H. Iqbal, Shahbaz and Ghazala Nasim
...rating into
the root. A mixture of endogonaceous spores formed the
rhizosphere mycoflora....
Bashir Mohammad Khan and M. Ismail Chaudhry
...olbex. Perizin and
Frow mixture were evaluated, under local condition, for
their efficacy against the tracheal mite disease of
honey bees in aparies in N.W.F.P. The fumigants
significantly reduced the number of sick bees and showed
gradual increase in assumption of normal routine
foraging than in the control where the colony population
quickly dwindled resulting in complete collapse. Folbex
strip fumigation proved comparatively economical and
more eff...
M. I. Sultani, Muhammad Banaras Bhatti, Sartaj and Anjum Amin
...eatments of grass legume mixture during 1982.The green and dry matter yield was
found significantly higher in monoculture pure form as
compared to the other treatments throughout the growing
period. Legume in the pure form as well as in mixture
significantly increased the total soil nitrogen in soil.
The increase in crude protein contents was associated
with the increase of legume in the grass legume
Sarfaraz Hussain Bangash and Mahmood Iqbal Sheikh
...led with 50:50 sand-soil mixture, were arranged for this study. Initial height of plants was recorded. The fertilizers were added in a water solution, 50 ml to each tube, on 1-5-1979:...
Sultan Maqsood Khan
... Nitrogen and phosphorus mixture doubled total forage and grass production and many times increased the production of desirable species, undesirable species, Chrysopogon aucheri and Cymbopogon martini. However, both nitrogen and phosphorus, when applied separately had no effect on the production of total forage, grass, any palatability class or any important forage species. No fertilizer treatment appreciably affected the forage production of int...
Adil Al-Kinany
...AA singly as well as in
mixture was studied from February, 1979 to June, 1979
under glass house conditions at the Department of
Biology, Dresden Technical University, Dresden. The
choice of the species for this work was predominantly
guided by their close similarity in silvicultural
behavior with economically important species of Iraq.
The IBA and NAA treatments of the four experiments were
laid in randomized complete block design, each
treatments bei...
Anwar Ahmad Khan, Munawar Sultana and Shakeel Haider Zaidi
...awar in1:1 soil and sand mixture at one meter depth and planted after the storage period. Two months storage period gave significantly high (at 5%level) sprouting as compared to one month storage. Planting of full size rhizomes were tested against rhizome pieces (5, 7.5 and 10 cm). though full rhizomes gave significantly higher sprouts, planting 5 cm pieces with one or two buds each would give a higher total number of plants. At Dungagali July planting gave si...
Dr. K. M. Salim and Gul Shahid
... and situation it is a mixture of Poor Monsoon Western type and Poor Mediterranean vegetation types. The annual precipitation is about 16 inches most of which is received during winter. The temperature range is around 28-90-92°F at Cherat. Snowfall at Cherat is upto a foot or two in colder winters but is variable from place to place. There is a steady wind blowing most of the time usually from the South-East to North-West. Storms are common when ...
Mohammad Hafeez
... It may occur pure or in mixture with other trees. It is not found in loamy soil but has been introduced. (3). In West Pakistan it is mainly found in Attock, Jhelum and Rawalpindi Forest Divisions. It is also found in small quantity in Baluchistan, Sind and Hazara (N. W. F. P.).
It is used as fuel wood, for agricultural implements and for hedge purposes. In some places the wood is also used for building small houses. Phulai Gum locally known as
It is used as fuel wood, for agricultural implements and for hedge purposes. In some places the wood is also used for building small houses. Phulai Gum locally known as
Chir
Siti Fatonah*, Herman and Dewi Yuni Safitri
...atus, M. bracteata and a mixture of both on the germination and growth of Paspalum conjugatum and Borreria alata weeds.Treatments consisted of extracts of M. bracteata, C. citratus and a mixture of both extracts at various concentrations (0% or control, 20% and 60%). Spraying of the extracts started at the time of seed planting, then spraying was done every 3 days for 30 days. All aqueous extract treatments showed toxicity e...
Muhammad Muneeb1, Ali Hussain2*, Qurat-ul-Ain Ahmad3, Arshad Javid1 and Jibran Hussain3
Muhammad Ihsan Ullah2, Muhammad Hasnain1*, Muhmmad Luqman2, Hammad Hussnain2, Muhammad Tauseef2, Abrar Ahmad2, Muhammad Shahid2, Qaisar Abbas3, Mussurrat Hussain3, Ali Raza2, Muhammad Musadique Ahmad Khan4, Muhammad Kashif Nadeem5, Sajid Nadeem6
...pray against thrips, the mixture of Imidacloprid and Acephate reduced the maximum insect infestation from 16.33 to 6.79 per leaf, respectively. The overall reduction percent of Imidacloprid + Acephate after 1st, 3rd, and 7th days was 10.89, 9.78, and 6.79%, respectively. All tested insecticides caused a significant reduction in jassid, whitefly, and thrips even after first and second spray....
Yusra Karim1, Munawar Saleem Ahmad1, Javed Khan2, Imtiaz Khan3*, Said Hussain Shah2, Syeda Anika Shamsher4, Imran Qazi5, Habib-Ur-Rehman Kakar6 and Wajih Ullah7
...aration of spore/crystal mixtures at various concentrations. The larvae of S. litura and H. armigera were reared in a laboratory under control. Following tests, the LC50 (96-hours) of the CRY1F protein-crystal mixture against lepidoptera pests was determined to be 158.37 µg/ml for S. litura and 170.73 µg/ml for H. armigera. The endotoxin mixes of CRY1F exhibit considerable potency, causing 100% mortal...
Razaq Animashahun1, Funmilayo Okeniyi1, Olayinka Alabi1, Samuel Olawoye1, Precious Oluwafemi1, Princess Odhe1, Oluwatola Akintola1, Adedeji Animashahun2
...the results imply that a mixture of leaves should be encouraged.
Keywords | Feed, Weight gain, Fodder, Peroxidation, Production, Shelf life
...
Nurhayati1*, Chandra Utami Wirawati2, Dwi Desmiyeni Putri1
...fermented product from a mixture of palm kernel cake (PKC) and cassava byproduct (CB) by optimizing the addition of minerals and fermentation duration. The fermentation experiment was designed using a Completely Randomized Design with a 4x6 factorial pattern with three replications for each treatment combination. The first factor was the level of mineral addition (M0 = no mineral addition, M1 = mineral addition with the composition: 2.5 g KCl, 12.5 g ZA, 7.5 g...
Nurhayati1*, Chandra Utami Wirawati2, Dwi Desmiyeni Putri1
...fermented product from a mixture of palm kernel cake (PKC) and cassava byproduct (CB) by optimizing the addition of minerals and fermentation duration. The fermentation experiment was designed using a Completely Randomized Design with a 4x6 factorial pattern with three replications for each treatment combination. The first factor was the level of mineral addition (M0 = no mineral addition, M1 = mineral addition with the composition: 2.5 g KCl, 12.5 g ZA, 7.5 g...
Abdessatar Omezine1
... better performance of a mixture. It is difficult to interpret the results of a simple mixture experiment, if the phenomena act together. An experimental design is used to study interactions between chilies or peppers, Capsicum annuum L. var. ‘Baklouti’ and Setaria verticillata (L.) P. BEAUVOIS. A replacement series design was used to compare C. annuum/ S.verticillata interactions under monocultures vs. polycultu...
Essa D Alhtheal1*, Sufian S Salman2, Salah M AL-Kubaisi3
...uted with 100 ml DW, and mixtures were prepared by stirring at 80 Co for three and adding five drops of acetic acid. The physical properties and chemical composition were characterized using FE-SEM. Preparation of chitosan nanoparticles with sizes ranging from 20 – 50 nanometers. For succession. Bone marrow examination, counting myeloid cells to nucleated red blood cells revealed significant differences (P < 0.05) between the negative control group an...
Ngele Blessing Alfred, Agba Mary-Ibenreh Ogaboh*, Bassey Rosemary Anietie and Egeh Ajah Egwu
...d chlorophyll content. A mixture of sawdust and sand (1:1) was utilized as the growth medium. Detergent solutions with concentrations of 1g/l, 2.5g/l, and 5.0g/l were prepared, with deionized water as the control (0g/l). Maize seeds were sown in germination trays and irrigated with these solutions to assess the effects on germination, growth performance, oxidative stress enzyme activities, and chlorophyll content. The detergent concentrations did not significa...
Kouakou Yadom Yao François-Regis*, Kra Kouamé Daniel and Atta Diallo Hortense
... The fifth type (ATL), a mixture of all leaf types, was used as a control. Second-stage juveniles and eggs of M. incognita were exposed to extracts for 72 hours and 10 days, respectively. Egg-hatching inhibition and juvenile mortality were used to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of extracts. Castor leaf extracts were applied to okra soils infested with M. incognita. The gall index, gall reduction, and nematode reproduction were determined. The unhatched egg rat...
Abdussalam Muhyideen Zainab Funmilayo and Lee-Hoon Ho*
... 15 min. After that, the mixtures were all kept at 90°C for five minutes in order to pasteurize the juice. Beetroot juice without treatment: fresh juice and juice with enzyme extraction but not pasteurised nor clarified served as control 1 and control 2, respectively. The juices were evaluated for pH, total titratable acidity, total soluble solids, vitamin C content, and microbial load at six-day intervals for 30 days. The pH and vitamin C content of the b...
Nurul Aini Kamaruddin, Nur Qistina Afiqah Muhamad Asri and Nur Alya Adila Rosli
...A. microphylla). The mixture of treatment feeds was analysed using proximate analysis. For feeding experiments, twelve 4-year-old female Saanen doelings were chosen for this study and were divided into four groups, with each group containing three doelings of similar weight. Each group was given a different diet for three weeks. Weekly data were recorded on growth performance, including body measurements, live weight, feed intake, average daily gain (ADG),...
Ahmad Ibrahim Jalali1, Mudssar Ali1*, Hafiz Mohkum Hammad2,4 and Fawad Zafar Ahmad Khan1,3
...d plant powders and sand mixtures, and eucalyptus based biopesticides) on fall armyworm control, as well as their effects on non-target fauna. The results showed that fall armyworm damage was lowest in synthetic pesticide treatment, followed equally by eucalyptus-based biopesticide, sand mixtures of neem, red pepper, ash and turmeric, while the highest damage was recorded where no management was done. For the occurrence of t...
Wan Nurfarzana Wan Mohamad Zani1, Norrizah Jaafar Sidik1*, Asmah Awal2, Nurul Izzati Osman3, Lyena Watty Zuraine Ahmad1 and Mohd Khairi Nordin4
... in a greenhouse using a mixture of soil, sand and compost....
Kamal Ahmed El-Shazly1, Amira Abd El-Latif1, Nagwa Elhawary2, Asmaa F. Alswaf1, Foad Farrag3, Samy Sayed4, Mohamed El-Sharnouby5 and Mustafa Shukry6*
... infected treated with a mixture of cashew oil at a dose of 1ml and toltrazuril 1.25ml/liter drinking water. On the 15th the oocysts of the Eimeria tenella parasite were implanted orally into all but the negative control groups. According to the current findings, G2 demonstrated a significant increase in feed conversion rate, oocysts count, lesion score, mortality rate, count total leucocytic, ALP, ALT, AST, total bilirubin, creatinine, urea, uric acid, and MD...
Jumiati Asis1, Nur Aainaa Hasbullah1, Mohamadu Boyie Jalloh1, Noor Khairani Mohamad Basri1, Palanivell Perumal2, Peter Mojiun2 and Mohd. Rashid Mohd. Rakib1*
...ock inoculum. Single and mixture conidial suspensions 1×106 of T4RH and T8R were applied to the Ganoderma-inoculated plants. It was found that T4RH, T8R, and mixed Trichoderma treatments have significantly lower disease incidence, disease severity index, area under disease progress curve, and percentage of necrotic primary roots as compared to the positive control. The disease reduction was up to 57.70% and 43.86% when plants wer...
Mahisba Waris1, Muhammad Azim Khan2*, Muhammad Fawad1*, Nabeela Jafer1, Rashid Hussain3 and Haseeb Ahmad3
...eaker. Subsequently, the mixture was passed through muslin cloth and various concentration was prepared (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%). Statistical analysis of data reveal that various concentration of moringa aqueous extract significantly affected germination indices of okra seeds with highest germination (93.3%), followed by germination energy (93.3%), germination rate index (22.7), and the mean germination rate (0.245) observed in the control. In addition, the m...
Abdullah Khazal Mohsen1, Sura Emad Jassim2, Tania T. Alaridhi3, Amran M. Al-Erjan4, Qais R. Lahhob5*, Mustafa Mudhafar6,7
...en the calves fed on the mixture on a daily basis. All the calves in the study were treated with an oral decoquinate that would help prevent coccidiosis in the calves, and vaccination was also conducted against respiratory as well as gastrointestinal infections. Some of the microbiological techniques employed in counting the E. coli O157:H7 bacteria involve centrifugation and culturing and latex agglutination among others. Finally, regarding evaluation of the ...
Shaila Akter1, MD Zobayer Rahman2*, Farzana Islam1, Zamal Hussan1, Rasel Mia3, Kazi Rabeya Akther1, Nirmal Chandra Roy1
... a 75% feed and 25% floc mixture (T2) significantly enhances growth metrics-such as weight gain, length, and feed conversion ratio-without water exchange. The findings demonstrate BFT’s potential to improve feed efficiency, maintain water quality, and sustain high survival rates, offering a resource-efficient strategy to advance sustainable aquaculture practices.
...
Heba Saleh Shaheed1, Zainab J. Malik2*, Ghusoon A.A. Alneamah1, Salih T.H.2
...zed intramuscular with a mixture consisting of ketamine hydrochloride (40 mg/kg of B.W. and xylazine hydrochloride (20 mg/kg B.W.). After anesthetizing the animals , in the upper part of the abdomen the location of operation is determine, , and the incision surgically made exposing the fourth lobe of the animal. The liver was manipulated with impact forceps, and stitches were applied to the lobe then by using the surgical scissors to cutting the tied lobe away...
