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John Teehan

...ital questions of public safety and the costs we are willing to pay for that safety. They also raise questions of how to understand the complex conditions that give rise to such events and the conditions for such events are always complex, even when facile “explanations” are readily available, i.e. the violent nature of Islam, their hatred of Western freedom, etc. A consistent element in many such explanations is...

Kang-Seuk Choi

...mmunogenicity and a high safety profile.  Thus, VLPs are considered one of the most promising approaches to vaccine development and are an alternative to inactivated IBD vaccines. In addition, VLP technology has many applications. This paper reviews the potential of VLPs as an alternative to IBD vaccines, along with their specific applications in the field.

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Md Riton Choudhury, Koushik Brahmachari, Sudeshna Kar and Rupayan Deb

Integration of weed management practices in rice-potato-groundnut cropping sequence
...s. From the point of eco-safety measures and economy, combination of hand weeding and mulching can be judiciously recommended in potato and groundnut.


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Anjan Bhattacharyya, Suhrid Ranjan Barik & Pritam Ganguly

New pesticide molecules, formulation technology and uses: Present status and future challenges
... to the crops along with safety to the natural enemies of different pests as a whole safety to environment.
 

 

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Shumaila Ashfaq1, Liaqat Ali2*, Muhammad Ashraf Zia2, Rizwan Ahmad Khan2 and Mehtash Butt3
...arean section due to its safety than general anaesthesia. Post dural puncture headache (PDPH) is commonly occurring problem associated with spinal anaesthesia and causes a considerable morbidity. PDPH depends on several factor and various methods have been used to reduce and treat the pain of PDPH. We evaluated effects of hydrocortisone on the treatment of PDPH in obstetrical patient.To compare mean decrease in Visual Analogue Scalepain score in patients who d...
...display also defines the safety of these groups of lions kept in distinct captive environment. This is evident that the quality of lodging environs and area range had solid connection with frequency of various normal and abnormal types of behavior in captive animals.
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Raania Ahsan* and Zafar Altaf**

...the country. National Biosafety Guidelines of 2005, must be followed to approve all genetically modified crop varieties including cotton. This will encourage the introduction of this advanced technology through legal means with its complete package of benefits. After approval of Bt cotton cultivation by Government of Pakistan, R&D sector should be encouraged to transfer BtCry genes into such genetic backgrounds which: (i) must have resistance against CLCuV...
Naveed Akhtar,1,* Riaz Muhammad2, Kausar Saeed2, Muhammad Fiaz Khan1, Muzaffar Shah3, Jehan Zeb2, Shahid Ahmad2, Azam Jan Afridi4 and  Aftab Hussain5
...h problems to ensure the safety of mammalian fauna of Malka and Mahaban valley district Buner.
...

 Mazher Abbas*, Irfan Mehmood*, Arshed Bashir*, Muhammad Ather Mehmood* and Sonila Hassan* 

WOMEN COTTON PICKERS PERCEPTIONS ABOUT HEALTH HAZARDS DUE TO PESTICIDE USE IN IRRIGATED PUNJAB
...n health costs) of using safety measures during and after cotton picking.

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 Sameera Arshad*, Iftikhar Hussain*, Maqsood Anwar* and Sarwat Naz Mirza*

HABITAT SURVEY FOR RECOGNIZING BIRD ATTRACTANTS AROUND BENAZIR BHUTTO INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT, ISLAMABAD, PAKISTAN
...h in return is a serious safety concern for aircraft operation. Outcome of this study could be incorporated into off airfield bird management programme for monitoring bird activity and land use practices around the airfield.

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Mahmoud M. Al-Azzazy1,2 and Saleh S. Alhewairini1,*
... TR50 showed a promising safety profile when compared to other acaricides, as it spared predatory mites at concentrations which had a high lethality to tomato russet mites. Hence, Huwa-San TR50 can be utilized in the Integrated Pest Management (IPM) program as an acaricide agent.
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Safdar Ali1*, Obaidullah Shafique1, Tariq Mahmood2, Muhammad Amir Hanif1, Ijaz Ahmed3 and Bashir Ahmad Khan

...h and concerns about the safety of nanomaterials.

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Mumtaz Ali Khan1, Aneela Zameer Durrani1, Sher Bahadar Khan2, Shehla Gul Bokhari1, Ikramul Haq1,*, Imdad Ullah Khan3, Naimat Ullah4, Naimat Ullah Khan4, Kashif Hussain1 and Azmat Ullah Khan2
Ashraf M. Mounir, A.N. El shahat* and A.M. Abdul Azeem
...uality and public health safety. Hence, examining the effect of gamma-irradiation on the contents of Boswellia oleo-gum resin and also investigating the role of gamma-irradiate frankincense aqueous extract (GFAE) against ISO-induced MI in rats were the two aims of this study. The total phenolic content and total flavonoids of frankincense has been significantly increased under the effect of gamma-rays in this work. Injection of isoprenaline hydrochlorid...
Zafar Iqbal*, Farah Ansar, Zil-e-Huma
...n for this is the use of safety measures and precautions by the concerned; such as use of disposable gloves, thorough hand washing, using sterilized equipment, keeping work place clean and disinfecting it regularly. The possibility of isolation of fewer pathogenic agents in this study cannot be ruled out. There has not been any report of zoonotic infection in ornamental fish handlers in Lahore. There is one message that it should be assumed that zoonotic ...
Radek Aulicky1,*, Vaclav Stejskal1 and George Opit2
... of increasing the human safety. Therefore, we determined efficacy of 1-, 6-, and 24-h DDVP (evaporation rate: 0.15 ± 0.02 g.day-1) strip exposures on 5 stored-product pests, namely, Tribolium castaneum, Oryzaephilus surinamensis, Cryptolestes ferrugineus, Rhyzopertha dominica and Sitophilus granarius in an experimental chamber. We tested two DDVP evaporation regimes from the strips, namely, “preventiv...
Syeda Beenish Bukhari1, Sidra Khalid1*, Shahid Bashir1, Riffat Mehboob2, Humaira Waseem2
...ects and fear of lack of safety of vaccination procedure/ dirty needles. Analysis revealed a significant association between maternal education and barriers to complete vaccination course.
...
Yang Liu1, Jing-xin Mao2, Xiao-dong Wei2, Man Yi2, Xiao-long Zhang2, Ke Zheng3, Xian-xin Chen4, Guo-Ze Wang5 and Bing-bo Chen1,*
...rmining the efficacy and safety value of biotechnology produced fulvic acid (BFA) as a functional feed additive. Four BFA products produced by lactobacillus, bacillus, yeast and fermented BFA from above 3 mixed bacteria were added by a proportion of 1.5% to the conventional feed. Then the Sprague-Dawley rats were fed by normal feed and 4 different BFA feed for 4 weeks. It was observed that the counts of neutrophils, white blood cells, and monocytes was signifi...
Gulzhan Аubakirova1,*, Zhanat Adilbekov2, Assylkhan Inirbayev2 and Tanatar Dzhamanbayev1

Raheel Saqib1*, Muhammad Luqman2, Iqbal Javed3, Abdur Rehman4, Muhammad Yaseen2, Saleem Ashraf5 and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed2 

...s (in the form of social safety nets) and crop diversification strategies. 

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Zhi Yi Jin and Shao Ming Qin*
...ent analysis showed that safety factors (vegetation cover on both banks, distance to a mine factory and river width) were the three most important habitat factors, indicating that Scaly-sided Merganser had high requirements for shelter and safety. Twenty two species of fish belonging to eight families and three orders were identified in foraging areas of the Scaly-sided Merganser. We could identify only six fish species eate...

Grigory Antonovich Nozdrin1*, Regina Gabdrahmanovna Utkina2, Anastasia Aleksandrovna Lelyak2 and Yana Viktorovna Novik1 

...12.1.007-76 Occupational safety standards system, 1976. 

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Mubashir Mehdi1*, Muhammad Bilal Ahsan1, Burhan Ahmad1, Khuram Nawaz Sadozai2, Gulnaaz Hameed3 and Muhammad Asif4 

...in system under the food safety and quality standards, they have more potential and prospective to improve the livelihood of the on-farm workers. Education included as schooling years was found major regressor for the income of on-farm laborers. In ceteris paribus conditions, coefficient of education indicates that there is a positive relationship among education of labor and Income. Credit facility at farm level was also incorporated as dummy variable under e...
Mian Adnan Kakakhel1, Faryal Gohar1, Zahid Anwar2, Raza Ullah1, Muhammad Attaullah3, Shahbaz Ahmad4, Aamir Khan5, Kalimullah5*
...yber Pakhtnnkhwa for the safety of dog owners in Peshawar.
...

Iram Fatima1*, Imran Pasha1, Ambreen Saddozai2, Shahid Nadeem3, Amer Mumtaz4 and Saqib Jabbar4 

...y aimed at exploring the safety status of various snacks and beverages sold in the streets of Faisalabad, Pakistan. The three zones of city were selected for the purpose of sample collection. Mean prevalence of E. coli 61.7% was indicated by Spread plate method. Prevalence of Total plate count checked and pathogenic count was calculated in CFU/g and CFU/ml, mean CFU for E. coli and TPC was (3.39&...
Neelam Pery*, Nayab Batool Rizvi, Muhammad Imtiaz Shafiq
...with better efficacy and safety profile. However, certain factors such as lack of universal response, the need for prolonged therapy, subcutaneous or intravenous mode of administration along with high cost have rendered these unattractive. All this has paved the path for orally available small molecule kinase inhibitors and ‘Tofacitinib’, the first FDA approved Janus kinase inhibitor, invaded the market. The success of ‘Tofacitinib’ has...

Ehsan-Ul-Haque1, Akbar Hayat1*, Muhammad Asim1, Sajjad Hussain2, Muhammad Shakeel Hanif3, Muhammad Zubair1, Muhammad Abdullah Jamil1 and Faheem Khadija1 

...ruit decay with perks of safety and convenience. 

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Khizar Azam٭, Abdul Shakoor٭, Riaz Akbar Shah٭, Afzal Khan٭, Shaukat Ali Shah٭,
Muhammad Shahid Khalil٭٭
COMPARISON OF FATIGUE RELATED ROAD TRAFFIC CRASHES ON THE NATIONAL HIGHWAYS AND MOTORWAYS IN PAKISTAN

Muhammad Waseem*, Irshad Ahmad**, Rawid Khan**, Bashir Alam**, Khan Shahzada**, Muhammad Javed**

STABILITY ANALYSIS OF SOIL SLOPE IN SWABI, PAKISTAN
...anchors have a factor of safety 1.165 and both the horizontal and vertical deformation values are within the limit. Based on results, ground anchors technique was found to be a suitable method for slope stability in Swabi.
...

M. Nafees*, Bushra Khan*, Robina Naz*

STUDY OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SAFETY IN STEEL RE-ROLLING MILL WITH REFERENCE TO HIGH NOISE LEVEL AND TEMPERATURE
...w-up on the occupational safety laws, adopt shift rotation and ensure reduction in the length of exposure of each worker i.e. 1.5 to 2 hours instead of 6 hours work in these working conditions.
...

 Riaz Sayed1, Khizar Azam1, Waqar Shah1, Inayat Babar1, Hamidullah1, and Sahar Noor1

A REVIEW OF DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF FATIGUE
He Wenyun, Zhi Yijin and Shao Mingqin*
...e results suggested that safety was the primary factor in habitat selection. The main foraging method was up-ending (61.54%); the duration of each up-ending foraging behavior was 1.92±0.83 s and foraging frequency was 14.67±4.43 times/min. This foraging strategy may be determined by food distribution and morphological structure.
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Tahseen Ullah* and Noor ul Amin

In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Medicinal Plant Extracts
...as carried out in the biosafety level 3 Microbiology Lab, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK. Two different concentrations (low, 5 mg/ml and high extracts, 300 mg/ml) of these plants were evaluate against two different bacterial strains i.e. Bacillus subtilis and E. coli using disc diffusion method to uncover antibacterial potential of the plants extracts. The antibacterial investigation was performed in three replicates using disc ...

Md. Sahidur Rahman

Origin and Spillover of Coronaviruses: Prospects of One Health Action
...and regulating proper biosafety, biosecurity, and risk communication to facilitate strong disease prevention and control strategy by which we could prevent the next coronavirus outbreak in humans.

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Gulzhan Aubakirova1*, Zhanat Adilbekov2, Assylkhan Inirbayev2, Assel Zhamanova2 and Aibar Akhmetov3
...khstan, and assesses the safety of fish. It was established that the hydrochemical regime of the water bodies was within the permissible concentration, however, a decreased permanganate oxidation was noted, which indicates a satisfactory state of water quality. Widespread infection of fish with postdiplostomatosis was revealed in assessing fish safety; in rare cases, diplostomosis and ligulosis were detected. The incidence o...
Abdul Hameed1*, Ihtsham ul Haq Padda2 and Abdul Salam3
Estimating Food Consumption Patterns in Pakistan by Using Ideal Demand System
...y price subsidization or safety nets programmes for deprived groups. In addition, the state should concentrate on rural income generation activities such as agriculture, livestock and its related industries.

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Delower Hossain1,5, Shuvo Singha2,5, Chelsea Marie Van Thof3, Sanna Gough3 and AHM Musleh Uddin4,5*

Effect of Somatic Cells on Milk Quality and Human Health
...l strategies. Again, the safety margin evaluated though SCs ensures safe and healthy milk at consumer level devoid of bacterial presence in milk. This review highlights a brief overview of the importance and demand of estimating somatic cell count (SCC) and its effects on milk quality and human health.

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Wali Muhammad1*, Humayun Javed1, Munir Ahmad1 and Tariq Mukhtar2
...ts long-term control and safety to the environment. In the present study, effect of four sowing dates was evaluated on the infestation of L. orbonalis on brinjal at two locations in the Pothwar region of Pakistan. The study revealed that sowing dates influenced infestation by brinjal shoot and fruit borer. Shoot infestation significantly varied on brinjal at both locations sown at different dates. The maximum average shoot infestation of 9.7% was observ...
Nosheen Basharat1, Usman Waheed2,3*, Muhammad Arshad1, Noor e Saba4, Iram Masood1, Akhlaaq Wazeer1, Ahmad Farooq1, Sadaf Moneeba1Abdul Rauf5 and Hasan Abbas Zaheer2,3

 

Li Shengqing1,2,3, Zhang Xiyun2,3, Liu Shengcai2,3, Hu Guoyuan2, Fan Yuxia2,Liu Huaixin2, Wang Tingting2 and Zhang Yanming1*
...gh plot experiments. The safety of type D botulinum toxin toward nontarget animals, such as yaks, Tibetan sheep, dogs, vultures, and birds, is also tested. Results show that the toxin is encoded by a type D botulinum neurotoxin gene. The DNA and amino acid sequences of the full neurotoxin gene comprise 3831 base pairs and 1276 amino acid residues, respectively. The nucleic acid and protein sequences of the toxin exhibits 99% homology with those of a known type...

Muhammad Suhail Ibrahim1*, Asif Ahmad1, Anwaar Ahmed1, Amer Mumtaz2, Muhammad Javaid Asad3, Saqib Jabbar2, Ahmad Mujtaba1 and Muhammad Nadeem4

...xt-align: justify;">Food safety refers to the potentially hazardous agents or contaminants present in food that can cause food-borne illness. These extraneous agents are causing morbidity and mortality. Contamination of food by various agents includes physical, chemical, and microbiological. Food safety ensures that what we eat, chew, or drink is safe for human health. The whole food chain should be monitored right from prod...

1Mona A. El-Manzalawy, 2Abeer A. Boseila , 3Hanan M. El Zahed

...lum gel, then ensure the safety and sterility of these vaccines and compare between them with the local RVF vaccine with Alum gel alone in sheep. This peppermint formulation including Alum gel adjuvant was the best of choice as it induced higher immunological enhancement. In addition, synergistic action was discovered in RVF inactivated PMO vaccine including Alum gel as the immune response detected by serum neutralization test (SNT). This vaccinated group of s...

Ola Youssef 1; EL-Deeb A.H.2 Nassif S.A.1 and Ahmed A. El-Sanousi 2.

...>tests such as identity, safety, purity, potency and efficacy that were not satisfactory in vaccine
evaluation.
Objective: The present study was conducted to standardize a protocol for quality control and
evaluation of the recombinant HVT-H5 vaccine.
Methods: The protocol was designed for evaluation of H5 identity besides regular vaccine safety,
purity and potency. ...

Ibadullah Jan1*, Iqbal Munir2, Inamullah Khan3, Syed Muhammad Suhail4 and Aqib Iqbal2

... further investigate its safety profile.

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Md. Sahidur Rahman1*, Tishita Ape1, Md. Islam1 and Sharmin Chowdhury2

...s a major hazard to food safety and leads to the development of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms. We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess the perspective of dairy farmers regarding antibiotic use as well as its residual and resistance effect. We collected data from 101 dairy farmers in Chattogram, Bangladesh. The results revealed that ceftriaxone, gentamicin, streptopenicillin, amoxicillin, and sulfur drugs were the most frequently used antibiotic...

Junaid Ahmad1, Shahzeb Javed2*, Mehmood Khan1, Shadman1, Muhammad Farooq3*, Muhammad Saleem4, Rahila Afzal5, Muhammad Aasim6, Naqeeb Ullah7, Muhammad Noman Khan8, Dawood8 and Naila Ilyas9

...xt-align: justify;">Food safety and cleanliness are becoming increasingly important in Pakistan, as new incidences of food contaminants emerge, which, if overlooked, can result in a variety of health risks, illness, outbreaks, and even death. The goal of this study was to look at the students’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices on food safety and cleanliness at a different institution in KPK, Pakistan. A cross-section...

Sherif Abdelghany1, Lynda Allouche2, Ahmed A. Abd El-Maksoud3, Ehab N. Daoud4, Saleh A. Kandeal1, Mohamed A. Radwan1* 

...son, which supports milk safety and dairy chain sustainability. Forty-two Holstein cows in the middle of the first lactation were used and divided into a control group (22 cows) that received control diet and a treatment group (20 cows) that received a control diet supplemented with 200 g of potassium carbonate through 30 days. Milk yield for all cows were recorded, while a total number of 84 milk samples were collected on the tenth day of the trial and a...

Esraa Yosry Abdel Halim1, Hamdy El-Essawy1, Abeer Abdel Nasser Awad1, Mona S. El-Kutry2, Lamiaa Ibrahim Ahmed1* 

Mohammed H. Galhoum1, Hamza M. Eed2, Essam S. Soliman1* 

...and expectations on food safety and quality are increased over time as many food stuff and products are exposed to contamination by numerous pathogens concerning Salmonella species. The current study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Salmonella contributing contamination in chicken samples that were collected from broiler farms and slaughterhouses using conventional culturing, biochemical, and serological identifications versus molecular detection. A pros...

Asmaa Sh. Fayed1*, Safaa M. Abo El-Soud2 

Khaled El-Kholy1*, Yaser Rizk2, Mohamed El-Helbawy1, Eman El-Said1
...mpare the effectiveness, safety and adverse effects of clove oil with those of salbutamol drug on growth performance, carcass characteristics and some blood parameters for growing rabbits. Forty New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits aged 6 weeks and weighing 950±30 g g were equally and randomly distributed into five groups which containing eight rabbits in each. Rabbits were injected once-weekly for all experimental period up to 14th weeks of age. The first t...

Kafeel Ahmad*, Muhammad Siqaf, Gul-E-Rana Abid, Ramla Somayya and Umama Qasim

...sh raises serious health safety questions as these bacteria could transfer resistance genes to other pathogenic bacteria through horizontal and vertical gene transfer which could make them superbugs and non-curable through antibiotics. Hence, proper hygienic conditions should be maintained in order to stop the spread of these bacteria to human population.

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Muhammad Ali Raza1*, Aneela Zameer Durrani1, Muhammad Hassan Saleem1, Kamran Ashraf2, Muhammad Muddassir Ali3, Kumayl Hassan Akhtar4 and Nazia Rubab5

...ealth, and environmental safety. A survey was conducted through questionnaire distribution among 1000 literate persons who could easily read English i.e. physicians, veterinarians, lawyers, livestock farmers, managers and other literate stakeholders. This survey comprised of a variety of questions related to one-health, use of antibiotics, antibiotics (ABs) residues in milk, meat and yogourt, the role of food safety, organiz...

Ahlam G. Khalifa1*, Walaa A. Moselhy1, Hanaa M. Mohammed2 and Khaled Abdou1 

...ks and boost application safety.

Keywords | Cytotoxic, Chromosome aberrations, Loaded, Nanopesticides, Safety 

...

Khalid Javed Iqbal1, Irfan Baboo2*, Arshad Javid3, Noor Khan4, Hamid Majeed5, Azra Anwer1, Zahid Farooq2, Muhammad Altaf6 and Moazam Jalees7

...an be beneficial for the safety of aquatic environment and management of aquatic toxicity.

...

Reyad R. Shawish, Reda E. Hamed*, Zakaria H. Elbayoumi 

...rveillance indicated the safety of some grilled commercial RTE meat products in Egypt for human consumption in relation to PAHs concentrations with special reference to its health hazards. Moreover, it is highly recommended to look for safe, especially of natural origins, to reduce PAHs concentrations in the grilled meat products after exposure to smoking and processing techniques making it safer for human consumption.

Keywords | PAHs, Ready-to-Eat, Me...

Xinran Wang1,2 and Lizhi Zhou1,2*

...arge flock could provide safety by the vigilance partners through coordinated and synchronous vigilance modes. In this paper, we aimed to shed light on behavioral strategies adaptive to anthropogenic disturbances. Vigilance behavior of wintering Grus monacha was observed to assess the effect of traffic intensity on their vigilance mode at Shengjin Lake, a Ramsar Site in China. Disturbance intensity was divided into three levels, and the influence of disturbanc...
Afifa Yaqub1, Mehroze Amin1, Qindeel Fatima1, Rabail Hassan Toor1,3, Saira Aftab1 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori1,2*
...9a, in-vitro and in-vivo safety analyses is required to fully establish G9a as a therapeutic target for cancer progression and UNC0642 as an anti-cancerous therapeutic agent for the treatment of breast cancer. 

...

Lobna M.A. Salem, Nashwa O. Khalifa, Marwa O. Abd El-Halim* 

...olate. So concluded that safety measures should be done because the disease has zoonotic effect on public health. The prevalence of Fascioliasis was high in Qualyobia, Egypt, a lot of liver was condemned, which resulted in financial losses for affected farmers. In order to control the disease and raise farmer awareness, it is vital to implement the appropriate preventive measures.

Keywords | Fasciola species, Prevalence, Phylogenetic analysis, ITS2 gen...

Cheng Zhao1,2, Qin Shi1*, Gen Yang3, Youyuan Tan2, Songwen Tan2, Jiahong Li2 and Marwan M.A. Rashed2

...was indicated that diet, safety and temperature were the main factors affecting the habitat use of Sichuan sika deer in winter.

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Agha Mushtaque Ahmed1*, Fahad Nazir Khoso1, Ali Zachi Abdulqader Alhilfi2, Sohail Ahmed Otho1, Qurban Ali3, Din Muhammad Soomro1 and Zubair Ahmed Soomro1

...erties and environmental safety. In this context, we evaluated the insecticidal effect of four botanical oils against C. maculatus including neem seeds (Azadirachta indica A. Juss), rocket seeds (Erucas sativa Mill.), cotton seeds (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and mustard seeds (Brassica nigra L.). The effect of these oils was recorded on insect mortality, number of adult insects, seed damage (punctured seeds and weight loss of chickpea seeds), seed germination perc...

Mohamed M. Bahr1, Mohamed S. Amer1*, Khaled Abo-EL-Sooud2, Shaimaa M. Kamel3, Marwa A. Fouly4, Ahmed N. Abdallah5, Ashraf A. Shamaa1, Omar S. El-Tookhy1 

... Conclusion: In terms of safety, quality, regulatory concerns, and cost, EVs are superior to corneal transplantation and live stem cell therapy.

Keywords | Mesenchymal-stem-cell, Xeno-Exosomes, corneal-ulcer, histopathology, corneal-transplantation, AS-OCT, New-Zealand-rabbits, paracrine-signaling. 

...

Hesham A. Mahran1,2*, Shawky M Aboelhadid3, Saad S. Alqahtani4,5, Mohamed Z. Sayed Ahmed4,5

...pupae of C. pipiens. The safety results showed that the ordinary form of cinnamon oil was safer for human skin cell fibroblast and human epidermoid Skin carcinoma than the other forms at high concentrations. Meanwhile, CNE was potent antibacterial activity even at the lowest concentrations. Moreover, CNE showed better pupicidal activity than the other forms with LC50 at 322 ug/mL lower than pure cinnamon oil, 465 ug/mL against pupae. Additionally, the CNE achi...

Zulaikha Zainool Abidin1, Fahim Hafiy Idris2, Suriya Kumari Ramiah1, Elmutaz Atta Awad1, Zunita Zakaria3,4, Zulkifli Idrus1,2* 

...mportant to maintain the safety of broiler chicken meat.

...
Heavy metals (HMs) are harmful and lethal at negligible levels and non-biodegradable in the typical ecosystem and constitutes animal, human and environmental hazards. They are divided into toxic metals like Lead, Cadmium, Arsenic, etc. and essential elements like copper, zinc, manganese, iron, nickel and chromium. Additionally, could be categorized into two groups based on the natural and anthropogenic sources releasing origins. Population and industrial expansion led to food contamination with HMs. Poisonous metals can be transferred from irrigation water to agricultural soils, agricultural operations, air pollution, animal feed, and packaging materials. Toxic metals are non-biodegradable, non-thermos degradable, and exceedingly stable in the ecosystem; as a result, they quickly build in various foods. Metal pollution of many foods, including agricultural commodities, and animal protein sources such as fish, milk, meat, and eggs, poses a hazard to food safety and security. Toxic metal pollution of irrigation water, agricultural soils, plants, and animals result in their integration into the food chain, posing a health hazard to humans. Most metals are harmful to animals and humans and accumulate in several organs like the skeleton, hepatic tissue, spleen, and renal tissues. Metals have a deleterious impact on the production of plants and animals. As a result, several remediation strategies have become necessary to limit the hazardous HMs pathway into the food chain and the human body. Metal nanoparticles are employed in beneficial applications, although they are associated with specific hazards.
 
Keywords | Food contamination, Heavy metals, Nanoparticles, Pollution sources, Remedy, Soil contamination
..., poses a hazard to food safety and security. Toxic metal pollution of irrigation water, agricultural soils, plants, and animals result in their integration into the food chain, posing a health hazard to humans. Most metals are harmful to animals and humans and accumulate in several organs like the skeleton, hepatic tissue, spleen, and renal tissues. Metals have a deleterious impact on the production of plants and animals. As a result, several remediation stra...

Karamat Shah1, Muhammad Fiaz Khan1, Zaib Ullah2*, Rashid Ali Khan1, Sajid Mahmood1, Naveed Akhtar2 and Muhammad Naeem Awan3

... causes threats to human safety, health, food, and property. The current study was conducted from June to November, 2018, at Saiful Mulook National Park Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. For this purpose, 22 villages were selected in and around the park where the population of the wildlife was high. For the study purpose, questionnaire based survey and interview were conducted. In the study area, 300 questionaire were distributed through which the opinion of the r...

Satya Fahriani1, Hadri Latif2*, Herwin Pisestyani2, Zhang Shuqi3, Suyanto Chen3

...effect of retorts on the safety and quality of EBN. This study aimed to examine the nitrite level and rehydration capacity of EBN after undergoing a retort process. The samples were 24 raw uncleaned white EBN from 4 swiftlet farmhouses (SFHs) collected using purposive sampling. Two SFH from Sanggau District, West Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. Two SFH from Pekanbaru City, Riau, Indonesia. 12 pieces of samples were not heated, while the other 12 pieces were he...

Jemi Diporianto1,4, Denny Widaya Lukman2*, Yusuf Ridwan3 

Nida Sadaqat1, Sheheyar Ahmed Khan1, Amna Bibi1, Sadaf Zahra1, Muhammad faisal Salamt1, Noreen Latief2 and Fatima Ali1*

...roblem due to inadequate safety measures. A severe burn is associated with release of inflammatory mediators including reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS, RNS), which are implicated in pathophysiological events in burn patients. Excessive productions of free radicals are harmful and implicated in tissue damage and multiple organ failure. Supplementation of antioxidants has proven beneficial in decreasing free radicals in burns. The aim of the present st...

Meryem Betmezoğlu1*, Dilek Arsoy2 and Mahmut Çerkez Ergören3

...fare, together with food safety and security. Goat production and indigenous goat breeds (Cyprus Native hair Goat, Damascus) are important for the Cyprus’s agricultural diversity Therefore, the allele frequencies of Caprine Prnp gene variants should be well understood for goat breeding programs in Northern Cyprus. This current study was designed to determine the putative allele frequencies and genotype distributions of Caprine­ Prnp gene variations i...

Abnet Mekonnen1*, Kadir Abderehman1 and Feti Seyaka2

..., duration of action and safety of a specific drug in a given clinical situation. A local anaesthetic disrupts ion channel function within the neuron cell membrane preventing the transmission of the neuronal action potential while general anesthetics like ketamine disrupt pathways within the cerebrum and stimulates the reticular activating center. Local anaesthetics affect all excitable tissues in the body, so toxicity can occur when sufficient amounts of the ...
Rabail Hassan Toor1,3, Raazia Tasadduq2, Jane B. Lian3, Janet L. Stein3, Gary S. Stein3 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori1*
...with their long-term use safety concerns, our research group focused on investigating efficacious, inexpensive and safe alternative therapies for osteoporosis. Investigating the osteogenic potential of CQ, our research group previously reported osteogenic stimulatory effects of CQ (hexane fraction). The present study explores anti-resorptive effects of CQ-H on bones. We utilized RAW264.7 murine macrophage cell line as osteoclast precursors, and resveratrol (RS...

Bilal Ahmed Shah1, Muhammad Avais1*, Jawaria Ali Khan1, Masood Rabbani2, Aftab Ahmad Anjum2, Muhammad Asad Ali2, Muhammad Awais1, Sohail Ahmad3 and Shahan Azeem2*

...nicity and evaluated for safety, side effects, challenge protection assay, sterility and humoral response in laboratory animals. Safety test showed no general adverse reactions to the vaccines when injected either into mice or rabbits or cow calves. Challenge protection studies revealed a significantly higher survival rate in vaccinated mice and rabbits compared to placebo groups. None of the vaccines when streaked onto cult...
KHALID JAVED IQBAL1, ARSHAD JAVID2, NOOR KHAN3, IRFAN BABOO4, AHMED ALI5, KASHAF
MOHSIN6, AZRA ANWER7, USMAN ATIQUE8, MUHAMMAD ALTAF9, DILAWAR HUSSAIN10 & ASMA
CHAUDHRY11
...nsumer interests in food safety and to prefer fish food
seasonally have also shown significant percentage effects on consumer‘s
attitudes towards fish consumption.
...

Hafiza Mehwish Iqbal1, Salman Khurshid1*, Saqib Arif1, Qurrat-ul-Ain Akbar1, Saba Iqbal2, Shahid Yousaf3, Kainat Qureshi1, Abdul Karim Khan5, Abdul Ahad6, Aqeel Ahmed Siddique4 and Neelofar Hamid7

...its to society and human safety. Use of medicinal plants for antimicrobial and secondary metabolites activities has gained tremendous attention from researchers. 

...

Farhana Umer1, Muhammad Sheryar2 and Sangam Khalil3*

...les, principles for bird safety, photographic records, public views about deadly poles and Ultraviolet vision in Birds. This study also highlights the cause of bird casualties on high and large scale from overhead power lines. It presents different technical solutions for bird safety such as proper adjustments to the routing of the power lines and power pole constructions can effectively reduce the risks posed to birds. Deta...

Rahmat Elahi1, Gulnaz Parveen1*, Nazara1, Faryal Ali2, Nain Tara3 and Saba Iqbal1

...tices to ensure the seed safety.

...

Manva F.M. Abdel Monem; Gihan K. Mohammed;** Sami A.M.; and Saber M.S.*

... log10 TCID5Janimal. The safety and potency of the vaccine was followed up as well as the duration of the immunity by ELISA and SNT through 12 months post vaccination. There was no evidence of untoward effects except slight elevation of body temperature in the calves through 14 days post vaccination. The virus was recovered from the sera of 3 calves on the 2nd  and 4th day post vaccination respectively 82,78 and 76, but there was no evidence to virus shed...

M.S. Wassel1; Elham A. El-Ebiary1; Soliman, Y.A.l and El-Sayed, M.M.2

...ine besides studying its safety, potency, and the duration of immunity in pregnant and non-pregnant sheep and cattle as well as remaining its antigenic and immunogenic power in animals using its protein analysis and Western blotting.

...

Sena’a M. Hussein1,2, Raffal A. Omar3* 

...e injection demonstrates safety, rapid induction, and excellent analgesia, ensuring smooth recoveries suitable for surgery without complications. 

...

Wisnu Jaka Dewa1,2, Ekowati Handharyani3*, Sri Purwaningsih4, Silmi Mariya5 

...gene expression, and the safety of using red eye sea snail extract as an anti-cancer. 

...

Genlong Zhan1*, Yunhua Zheng2, Desheng Li*4 and Hongmei Zhang3

...s of simplicity and high safety.

...

Kashif Abdaal, Aneeza Batool, Muhammad Tariq Navid*, Saeed Ahmed, Asma Saleem Qazi, Waseem Safdar, Haidar Ali, Mobeen Ur Rashid, Somia Rafaqat 

...dquo;. To assess vaccine safety and efficacy, scientists are now using various model animals like mice, ferrets, pigs, and nonhuman primates before using them for human trials. The other side of successful vaccine intervention, however, contains various issues that need to be rectified. These concerns primarily depend on target pathogen selection, novel vaccine efficacy, development, and duration of optimum immunological responses, selection of appropriate ani...

*SHAJAHAN BAIG1, MUSHTAQ AHMAD SALEEM1, MUHAMMAD AZMAT ULLAH KHAN1 ZEESHAN NADEEM2, SUFIAN AHMED2, MEMUNA GHAFOOR SHAHID3 & TANZEEM AKBAR CHEEMA3

...g methods to analyze the safety of genetically modified (GM) foods. These bioinformatic methods employ the comparison of different linked databases which may cover all the information significant for profiling. These methods are also significant in identifying the changes at various stages of development under diverse environmental conditions.

...

ZUBIA RASHID1, ZULFIQAR ALI MIRANI2, SITWAT ZEHRA1, SYED MUDDASSAR HUSSAIN GILANI3, ARIF ALI CHISHTI1, ABID AZHAR1 & SADDIA GALANI1*

...xt-align: justify;">Food safety and quality have been a significant and crucial predicament recently. In poultry, development of novel antimicrobial strategies for drug-resistant pathogens is desired. Here, Phytogenic Feed Additives (PFA) were administered in chicken diet to decipher their impact on animal performance and gut microbiota composition. One-hundred-fifty-day-old chicks were randomly divided into three treatment groups with five replicates/group as...

SHEIKH AJAZ RASOOL1, MUHAMMAD SALMAN RASOOL2 & MUNAZZA AJAZ3

...ur planet regarding food safety issues (e.g. infected meat). No doubt, man has made significant achievements in effective and neo-antimicrobials research, one wonders why not a single infectious agent has been completely knocked out. Our group has been focusing on ascertaining the basis of antibiotic deferring processes acquired by (indigenous) clinical strains. Accordingly, sub-lethal doses of the drug result in development of hyper-resistances. The bacteria ...

Teedzai Chitura*

...v>
Keywords | Food safety, Growth performance, Poultry, Probiotics, Sensory attributes
...

Saira Jabeen1, Muhammad Avais1*, Jawaria Ali Khan1, Kamran Ashraf2, Aftab Ahmad Anjum3

...o ensure the quality and safety of these vaccines, quality control assessment was carried out. The efficacy evaluation of the vaccines was performed on 24 locally bred rabbits, divided into 4 groups. Each group received a different type of vaccine, with booster doses at 15-day intervals following the priming. Serum samples were collected biweekly over a 60-day period, and the antibody titers were measured using IHA test. Geometric mean titers (GMT) were comput...
Luqman1, Zahid Hussain1, Mohammad Ilyas2, Azmat Ali Awan3, Javed Rahman 2,
Mazhar Ali2 and Tamana Bakht4
...on and the environmental safety, the hand weeding and
herbicide use cannot be preferred alone for use as weed management tools. Therefore, the
herbicide use and hand weeding should be used only on casual basis or in emergency; and
the mulching methods should be adopted in the long run as mulching method is not only
good for weed control but also for maintaining the soil fertility, moisture conservation, and
...

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