Zaheer Ahmed Deho1, Shamsuddin Tunio2, Qammaruddin Chachar2, Fateh Chand Oad2
...stages on yield and seed maturity of cotton varieties at Nuclear Institute of Agriculture (NIA) Tandojam, Sindh Pakistan. Three cotton varieties (Sadori, Chandi-95 and Malmal) were evaluated under four sowing dates (15th April, 1st May, 15th May and 1st June). Four pickings at various boll openingstage viz. 30%, 50%, 70% and 90% of bollopening were carried out.The varieties responded differently for opening of bolls at different timings of picking. Some variet...
Farhad Zulfiqar, Muhammad Ashfaq
...mperature at the time of maturity, ceteris paribus with one oC increase in temperature the average wheat yield increased by 56.64 kg per hectare in the study area. It was deduced from the economic variable that the level of input used was less than optimum. The negative coefficient of the location variables revealed that increasing the area virtually decreased the yield. It was concluded from location variables that vertical expansion was solution o...
Ilham Ulla, G. Arjumand, Nawab Ali and Mohammad Akmal*
...in days to flowering and maturity by delay SD. However, positive responses were observed by increase in N-rate. Early planting showed maximum biomass and yield at 120 kg N ha-1 which was due to reflecting higher leaf area, plant height and stem diameter (cm). Traits e.g. the head diameter, grain head-1 and grains weight were indicators contributing towards grain yield by early sowing compare to late sowing or increasing N-rate (40 to 120 ...
Tahir Khan, Raziuddin, Fakharuddin* and Muazam Jamal Razi
...o 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, primary branches plant-1 and main raceme length. Among parents, CA2, DH8, DH4, CA4 and DH6 performed better for different traits. Whereas among F4 populations, cross combinations CA5 × DH8, CA2 × DH7, CA2 × DH8, CA5 × DH7, CA4 × DH7 and CA4 × DH8 performed better. Plant height and main raceme length displayed moderate to high broad sense heritability and ...
Muhammad Jurial Baloch1*, Ghulam Murtaza Channa2, Wajid Ali Jatoi2, Abdul Wahid Baloch1, Imdad Hussain Rind1, Muhammad Ahmed Arain1 and Ayaz Ali Keerio1
...nificant for days to 75% maturity, tillers plant-1, spike length, spike density, grains spike-1, grain yield plant-1, seed index and harvest index. Significance of GCA and SCA variances suggested that both additive and non-additive genes were controlling these characters. The magnitude of SCA variances were higher than GCA indicating pre-dominance of non-additive gene effects for spike length, spike density, seeds spike-1<...
Muhammad Ishaq and Raziuddin
...ed in the inheritance of maturity and plant architecture traits. Analyzed data revealed highly significant differences among the genotypes for days to flowering, maturity, plant height, primary branches plant-1 and main raceme length. Analysis of combining ability revealed highly significant GCA (general combining ability), SCA (specific combining ability) and RCA (reciprocal combining ability) effects for the studied traits...
Noor Us Saher1, Zunaira Amanat2, M. Asif Gondal3 and Naureen Aziz Qureshi4,*
... size at onset of sexual maturity was 3.2 cm and 3.3 cm for males and females of A. lunaris whereas, males and females of M. planipes had sexual maturity carapace size 3.1 cm and 3.2 cm in lagoon waters of Sonmiani bay....
Muhammad Saeed* and Iftikhar Hussain Khalil
...w sense heritability for maturity and yield components traits were determined. The main objective of the research was identification and proper selection of best performing wheat parental genotypes and best F1 crosses, based on GCA and SCA estimates. Significant differences were observed among the wheat genotypes for all the studied traits. The estimates of σ2gca and σ2sca and its ratio (σ2gca/σ2sca) indicated that non-additive genetic ...
Md. Yeamin Hossain1,*, Md. Alomgir Hossen1, Md. Nasir Uddin Pramanik1, Fairuz Nawer1, Md. Mosaddequr Rahman2, Suraiya Sharmin1, Dalia Khatun1, A. H. Bahkali3, Abdallah M. Elgorban3 and Khairun Yahya4
...>), size at first sexual maturity (Lm) and natural mortality (MW) in the Ganges River, northwestern (NW) Bangladesh. Samples were collected occasionally using multiples traditional fishing gears, including cast net (mesh size 1.5 – 2.0 cm), square lift net (mesh size ~1.5) and gill net (mesh size 1.8 – 2.2 cm) from July 2013 to June 2014. A total of 142 individuals of B. dario were collected, where 42.0% were mal...
Iftikhar Ahmad, Abdul M. Saleem, Ghulam Mustafa, Khurram Ziaf, Irfan Afzal and Muhammad Qasim
...which can ensure uniform maturity and flower harvesting of ornamentals....
Muhammad Noor, Hidayat ur Rahman and Muhammad Iqbal
...bility for flowering and maturity attributes along with plant and ear height parameters in four popcorn populations. Broad sense heritability estimates varied from 0.69 to 0.76, while narrow sense ranged from 0.38 to 0.69. Maximum broad sense heritability estimate of 0.84 was observed in cross-II for days to anthesis. Minimum narrow sense heritability of 0.46 was calculated in cross-III for plant height. Plant height exhibited high estimates of broad sense her...
Huseyin Sasi1* and Gulcin G. Ozay2
...32 for males. The sexual maturity age of females and males was determined to be II age group and first sexual maturity. The total length was found as 11.33 cm for female and 10.89 cm for male. According to the trends of GSI values, it was assumed that their season of reproductivity was between March and May.
...
Muhammad Ibrahim and Ahmad Khan*
...lking, and physiological maturity) occurred earlier in no-mulch practice, but emergence in plastic mulching. Plants took less days to emergence (6 days) in 70% FYM, however, tasseling (45 days), silking (49 days) and physiological maturity (94 days) arrived earlier in no-fertilized plots. Tasseling, silking and maturity delayed with increasing urea N proportion in residue or plastic mulchi...
Kamran A. Awan1, Jawad Ali2 and Mohammad Akmal3
...yed days to anthesis and maturity, which otherwise extended grain development phase of the crop. Among varieties, Ghanemat-2015 showed better grain yield for a relatively longer duration i.e. December 5-15 over the others varieties. Atta-Habib also performed relatively better for sowing made on November 25 and Chakwal-50 on November 15. Overall GY reduced when wheat sowing postpones from December 5 in the season. Grains protein was observed high for sowing ma...
Muhammad Tariq Saeed1*, Muhammad Ashfaq Wahid1, Muhammad Farrukh Saleem1, Mumtaz Akhtar Cheema2, Muhammad Shahid1, Abdul-Shakoor1, Abdul-Sattar3
.... On an average, days to maturity (96.42), plant height (25.84 cm), plant population at harvest (25.22), 1000-seed weight (94.97 g), seed yield (1.71 t ha-1) and biological yield (4.37 t ha-1) of both soybean varieties was significantly improved by hydration inoculation and hydro priming techniques. It was concluded that hydration inoculation and hydro priming were best techniques for better stand establishment of soybean and may be recom...
Gülnur Metin* and İlker Aydin
...e total lengths at first maturity of females and males were 10.64 cm and 10.16 cm, respectively.
...
Mian Ahmad Raza*, Ghulam Hassan and Naqib Ullah Khan
... of 2012-13. For days to maturity, F1 cross combination PS × FS among the F1 hybrids showed earliness (160.7) whereas F1 cross combination BST × SRN and JNB × BST ranked first among the crosses for spike length (15.9 cm). Among the F1 hybrids, FS × SRN and TTR × BST displayed maximum spikelets spike-1 (24.3) whereas for F1 cross combinations, FS × SRN and TTR × BST had the highest number of grains spike-1 (58.9). The r...
Zabih Ullah*, H. Rahman and Niaz Muhammad
... the importance of early maturity of maize crop in view, the present study was conducted to evaluate different maize hybrids for maturity and related traits in the geographical location of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The experiment was conducted at The University of Agriculture, Peshawar during the cropping season of 2016. Randomized complete block design was used, having two replications and 35 genotypes, comprised of 33 hybrids an...
Estimation of Heritability, Genetic Advance and Correlation for Marphological Traits in Spring Wheat
Arshad Iqbal1*, Iftikhar Hussain Khalil1, Syed Mehar Ali Shah1 and Muhammad Sharif Kakar2
... heading (days), days to maturity (days), flag leaf area (cm2), spike length (cm), grains spike-1 (no.), grains weight spike-1 (g), biological yield (kg ha-1) and grain yield (kg ha-1). Mean performance of genotypes showed that all the spring wheat genotypes performed well for all the traits. Spring wheat cultivar Tatara showed best performance for maturity, similarly, genotype SM12 performed well for grains spike-1 and grai...
Yakut Gevrekçi* and Çiğdem Takma
...us (hatch, age at sexual maturity and body weight of sexual maturity) predictors and a continuous response variable (EP). The Spearman’s rho correlation coefficients among all predictor variables were significantly changed from 0.88 to -0.65. Age of sexual maturity was found the most predictor variable that affecting EP and it was followed by hatching period. Lower values for goodnes...
Waqas Liaqat1, Mohammad Akmal1* and Jawad Ali
...tasseling, silking & maturity) as well as morphology (i.e. plant height, ear height, including ear length) was affected (p<0.05)by sowing dates. Likewise, yield traits (i.e. rows per ear, grains per ear, thousand grain weight) were also adversely affected by sowing dates, which decreases both biomass and grain yield. Varieties did differ in phenology (i.e. emergence, silking, tasseling, maturity) and morphology (i.e. ...
Zammurad Iqbal Ahmed, Muhammad Ansar*, Ashiq Saleem**, Zafar ullah Arif*, H.I. Javed and Rashid Saleem**
IMPROVEMENT OF MASH BEAN PRODUCTION UNDER RAINFED CONDITIONS BY RHIZOBIUM INOCULATION AND LOW RATES OF STARTER NITROGEN
...r the study. -1 The crop maturity was earlier in control and inoculation + 20 kg N ha as compared to all other treatments. Inoculation in combination with 50 kg N -1 ha significantly delayed crop maturity. The maximum mean average grain -1 yield (681.5 kg ha ) was augmented with the application of inoculation alone and non significant differences were noted among the varieties. Biological yield were also significantly increa...
Gulzar S. Sanghera and Wassem Hussain*
HETEROSIS IN RELATION TO COMBINING ABILITY PER SE PERFORMANCE IN TEMPERATE RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.)
... K-08-61-2 and for early maturity SKAU11A x SR-2 over check variety SR-1 only. Cross combinations SKAU 7A x K-08-61- 2, SKAU 7A x SR-2, SKAU 11A x K-08-60-2, SKAU 11A x K-08-59-3 and SKAU 11A x SKAU-389 were the good specific combinations for grain yield per plant and other desirable traits and needs to be tested on large scale for their commercialization under temperate conditions. ...
Muhammad Yaqoob*, Rukhsana Anjum, Mumtaz Hussain and Muhammad Jahangir Shah**
GENETIC DIVERSITY ANALYSIS AND CHARACTER ASSOCIATION IN SOME CHINESE HYBRID RICE UNDER DRY CONDITIONS
...kelet fertility, days to maturity, plant height, number of grains per panicle, number of productive tillers, 1000 grain weight and paddy yield were recorded. The results of analysis indicated a high range of genetic variation among various hybrids for plant height, number of grains per panicle, number of productive tillers per plant, 1000 grain weight and paddy yield. The variation for days to 50% panicle initiation, panicle length, spikelet fertility and days...
Arshad Ali, Muhammad Arshadullah, Syed Ishtiaq Hyder, Imdad Ali Mahmood and Badar-uz-Zaman*
RICE PRODUCTIVITY AND SOIL HEALTH AS AFFECTED BY WHEAT RESIDUE INCORPORATION ALONG WITH NITROGEN STARTER DOSE UNDER SALT-AFFECTED SOIL
...he crop was harvested at maturity, data on tillering, plant height, spike length, number of grains -1 spike , 1000-grain weight, straw and paddy yields were recorded. Plant samples collected at maturity were analyzed for K, Ca and Na -1 concentration in grain and straw. Tillering, grains spike , 1000-grain weight and paddy yield significantly (P≤ 0.05) increased with different -1 levels of N doses. Maximum tillers plant (...
Syed Ishtiaq Hyder, Muhammad Arshadullah, Arshad Ali and Imdad Ali Mahmood*
EFFECT OF BORON NUTRITION ON PADDY YIELD UNDER SALINESODIC SOILS
...he crop was harvested at maturity. Data on tillering, -1 plant height, spike length, number of grains spike , 1000-grain weight, straw and paddy yields were recorded. Na, K, Ca and B concentration in grain and straw were estimated using atomic absorption spectroscopy. -1 Tillering, number of grains spike , 1000- grain weight and paddy yield significantly (P≤0.05) increased at different levels of B. 1000-grain weight -1 -1 (31.7 g) and grain yield was the ma...
Arshad Ali, Imdad Ali Mahmood, Muhammad Salim, Muhammad Arshadullah* and Abdul Rasool Naseem**
GROWTH AND YIELD OF DIFFERENT BRASSICA GENOTYPES UNDER SALINE SODIC CONDITIONS
...ion) at the time of crop maturity. Ionic concentration in plant tissues and oil content in seeds were also determined. Comparatively more number of branches and pods per plant were produced by cultivar Dunkled closely followed by BARD-I while maximum seed yield (241.7 and -1 235.1 kg ha ) was obtained from Dunkled and Sultan Raya, respectively which was statistically at par. However, BRS-II and Rainbow showed significantly more percent oil contents in their se...
Muhammad Arshadullah, Syed Ishtiaq Hyder, Arshad Ali and Imdad Ali Mahmood*
CUMULATIVE EFFECT OF SULFUR AND CALCIUM ON WHEAT GROWTH AND YIELD UNDER SALINE-SODIC SOILS
...he crop was harvested at maturity, data on tillering, plant height, spike -1 length, number of grains spike , 1000-grain weight, straw and paddy yields were recorded. Potassium (K), Na, Ca, S and Mg concentrations in grain were estimated using atomic absorption spectroscopy. Tillering, -1 grains spike , 1000-grain weight and paddy yield significantly (P≤0.05) enhanced by increasing the rate of gypsum (CaSO ). The maximum 4 -1 number of grains spike (60), 10...
Mubashir Ahmad Khan*, Muhammad Yasin Mirza*, Muhammad Amjad*, Nazakat Nawaz*, Malik Shah Nawaz* and Doulat Baig*
ASSESSMENT OF GENETIC DIVERSITY IN GERMPLASM OF LINSEED ( L.)
...tion, flower completion, maturity, reproductive period, plant height, branches per plant, bolls per plant, plot biomass, harvest index and seed yield. Wide ranges between the mean values with high CV values were exhibited by plant height, bolls per plant, biomass and seed yield accompanied with maximum values of variances and standard deviation, revealed the existence of greater genetic diversity in the accessions for these traits. Dendrogram based on Euclidea...
Muhammad Shahzad*, Akhter Ali**, Abdul Hayee Qureshi**, Naveed Jehan*, Imran Ullah* and Majid Khan*
ASSESSMENT OF POST-HARVEST LOSSES OF PLUM IN SWAT, PAKISTAN
...harvesting methods, over maturity, insufficient cold storage facility, poor grading, low-quality packaging materials and poor infrastructure. Total post harvest losses in the marketing channel of the plum were 21.51% of which 5.12% occurred at farm level, 1.44% at wholesale level, 6.31% at retail level, and 8.64% at the consumer level. Harvesting at proper maturity, using experienced labor and storage facility can reduce ext...
Said Salman*, Shah Jehan Khan*, Javed Khan**, Rehmat Ullah Khan*** and Imran Khan****
GENETIC VARIABILITY STUDIES IN BREAD WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) ACCESSIONS
...nd days to physiological maturity. Highest heritability estimates and expected genetic advance were found for all the traits except chlorophyll concentration index, spike length and number of -1 spikelet spike which exhibited moderate heritability. Based on Euclidian dissimilarity distance, 65 wheat accessions were classified in to 6 different clusters. Maximum diversity was found in cluster 1 and cluster 4. This maximum diversity explains the better parental ...
Muhammad Sohail*, Imtiaz Hussain*, Riaz-ud-Din*, Sikandar Khan Tanveer*, Maqsood Qamar* and Syed Haider Abbas*
EVALUATION OF ADVANCE WHEAT LINES FOR AGRONOMIC TRAITS IN RAINFED ENVIRONMENT
...ficantly reduced days to maturity, spikes m and 1000-grain weight in all genotypes as compared to normal sowing; however, the reduction in these parameters were significantly less (P<0.05) in wheat lines NR-397 and NARC-09 as compared to other two genotypes. Results showed that comparatively higher grain yields of lines NR-397 and NARC-09 were correlated to their better leaf chlorophyll retention and maintenance of low canopy temperature during grain fillin...
Israr Ali*, Naushad Ali*, Riffat Tahira**, Sardar Ali*, Izhar Hussain* and Sher Aslam Khan*
GENETIC DIVERSITY ASSESSMENT IN BRASSICA GERMPLASM BASED ON MORPHOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES
...were recorded on days to maturity (DM), -1 -1 plant height (PH), primary branches plant (PBPP), pod length (PL), seed pod (SP), -1 1000-seed weight (1000-SW), yield plant (YPP) and oil (%). Three checks (Pakola, CM and TA), were used to check the performance of collected materials with already available brassica varieties. Significant statistical differences were observed among the tested genotypes based on the studied morphological traits. Among the tested ge...
Imdad Ali Mahmood*, Arshad Ali**, Armghan Shahzad**, Muhammad Asif Masud Ghumman***, Muhammad Arshad Ullah**, Tariq Sultan** and Badar-u-Zaman**
CROP RESIDUES AND PHOSPHORUS EFFECT ON YIELD AND ECONOMICS OF DIRECT SEEDED RICE AND WHEAT GROWN UNDER SALINE-SODIC SOIL
...yields were collected at maturity of each crop. Maximum straw and grain -1 yields of both crops were harvested with the application of P O @ 80 kg ha along 2 5 -1 with crop residues incorporations. Overall 2.75 and 2.89 t ha of paddy and -1 wheat, respectively were obtained with P O @ 80 kg ha under crop residue 2 5 -1 incorporation. Although, the yields produced with the treatment, 80 kg P O ha + 2 5 -1 crop residue, performed similar to P O @ 120 kg ha witho...
Azhar Usman Ali*, Ghulam Sarwar*, Muhammad Aftab* and Sher Muhammad**
EFFECT OF SOIL AND FOLIAR APPLIED COPPER ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.)
... and tillering stage. At maturity, data regarding different yield components were noted and wheat plants were harvested. Grain yield and total biomass was also recorded. Soil samples were collected from all pots and analyzed for copper concentration by using wet digestion method. Results of the experiment indicated that soil application of copper proved better than foliar application in increasing the yield and yield components of wheat. Similarly, foliar appl...
Sohaib Arshad*, Sarwat Naz Mirza*, Imtiaz Ahmad Qamar** and Maqbool Shahbaz**
DETERMINATION OF FORAGE QUALITY OF INDIGENOUS AND EXOTIC RHODES GRASS ACCESSIONS UNDER RAINFED CONDITIONS
...getative, flow-ering and maturity. These grasses have shown significant differences in fresh and dry matter -1 yield. Fresh matter yield ranged from 6.17 to 6.68t ha at pre- -1 -1 flowering, 9.67 to 11.83 t ha at full flowering and 22.83 to 27.80 t ha at m -1 aturity. While dry matter yield ranged from 0.86 to 1.38 t ha at pre- -1 -1 flowering, 1.73 to 2.78 t ha at fullflowering and 6.67 to 8.67 t ha at maturity stage. It co...
Shahid Iqbal Khattak*, Muhammad Amjad Nadim**, Mohammad Safdar Baloch**, Kashif Waseem** and Muhammad Sohail***
IMPACT OF VARIABLE SEEDING DATES ON CEREALS' PERFORMANCE UNDER AGRO-ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF DERA ISMAIL KHAN
...the same towards earlier maturity (131.21 days) while oat crop showed prolonged maturity (147.67 days). Regarding yield, the four cereals showed non-significant results. Among different dates, January 1 sowing had the poorest performance in almost all parameters. However, the highest grain yield (3104 kg ha ) was produced by October 15 sowing while the results of November 15 and thereafter sowing were nonsignificant with eac...
Nasarullah*, Raiz uddin*, Fakhar Uddin* and Muhammad Jamal*
INTERPRETING WHEAT GENOTYPES FOR GRAIN YIELD UNDER DIFFERENT REGIMES OF KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA
...days to heading, days to maturity, plant height (cm), spike length (cm), spikelets spike , 1000-grain weight and grain yield. Flag leaf area (cm displayed non-significant differences across environments and its interaction with genotypes. Mean values across the environments range between 147.17 to 174.00, 190.83 to 202.83, 23.32 to 54.13,78.40 to 115.17, 9.72 to 13.08, 16.33 to 23.80 for days to heading, maturity, flag leaf ...
Hamza Khan1, Safdar Ali1, Ijaz Ahmad*2, Ihsanullah Khan3, Shujaat Hussain1, Bashir Ahmad Khan4 and Muhammad Suhaib5
..., head diameter, days to maturity, 100 seed weight, number of seeds per head and seed yield per hectare. Quality parameters were consisted upon oil content (%), protein content (%) and Fatty acid profile. Results showed that SMH-1001 and SMH-1215 hybrids performed best for yield and quality parameters, whereas, SMH-1006 and SMH-0909 were considered best for early maturing traits. ...
Habibullah* and Sahib Alam
...eproductive stage and at maturity of each crop. The average values of soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter (OM), N, P and K of the soil before sowing of maize crop were found to be 8.2, 0.37 dS/m, 0.95%, 1.74 mg/kg, 3.45 mg/kg, 61.5 mg/kg, respectively. Biochar and N application significantly (p≤0.05) increased soil pH whereas soil OM was substantially enhanced only with biochar at the reproductive stage of maize. However, at this stage, th...
Leila A. Kaimbayeva1,*, Elena S. Malysheva2, Rashit Kazikhanov3 and Saule R. Kazikhanova4
...ively assess the optimal maturity of red deer meat before trading, and utilization in the production of meat products. For these purposes, meat samples were collected from quadriceps of 2.5-4 years old female red deer, immediately processed for isolation of muscular fibers and were evaluated for the pH, water-binding power, activities of tissue enzymes and microstructure changes. The results of chemical analysis revealed the nature of protein substances, alter...
Madeeha Alamzeb1, Shazma Anwar1, Asif Iqbal1,2*, Song Meizhen2, Mazhar Iqbal3, Sara4, Muhammad Ramzan2 and Afza Tabassum1
...eading and physiological maturity as compared to sheep and cattle manure. Application of nitrogen at the higher rates (125 to 150 kg N ha-1) enhanced dry matter partitioning at heading and physiological maturity than lower N rates and control. Likewise, wheat sown with deep tillage system resulted in increased dry matter partitioning into different plant parts than conventional tillage system. We concluded from this study th...
Qasim Iqbal1, Safdar Ali1*, Muhammad Naveed Tahir1, Obaidullah Shafique1, Bashir Ahmed Khan2, Ijaz Ahmad3 and Ihsanullah Khan4
...n, plant height, days to maturity, stem diameter, head diameter, number of leaves, 1000 seed weight and seed yield per hectare. Quality parameters were consisted upon oil content (%), protein content (%), and fatty acid profile. The results showed that significantly highest seed yield (2187.3) kg ha-1 was produced by SF 16003 followed by SF16010 and SF 16002 having (2016.2) kg ha-1 and (1888.2) kg ha-1 seed yield respectively. The Cluster analysis also determi...
Nadeem Munawar, Iftikhar Hussain and Tariq Mahmood*
... burrows was recorded at maturity stages of the crops. The maturity stage of wheat crop coincided with spring breeding season while the maturity stages of millet/maize and groundnut matched with monsoon/autumn breeding peak of the rodents in the study area. The burrow density recorded inside the wheat crop at various stages of growth and in uncultivated fields was significantly higher than...
Ghulam Abbas1, Muhammad Jawad Asghar1, Muhammad Rizwan2*, Muhammad Akram1, Jaffar Hussain1 and Fiaz Ahmad1
...he traits except days to maturity and clusters per plant. Biological yield, harvest index and seed yield depicted high estimates of heritability (0.89, 0.85 and 0.84, respectively) coupled with greater genetic advance (61.57, 52.81 and 47.82, respectively) indicating the involvement of additive type of genes,and selection based on these traits may help to improve the germplasm. Seed yield showed positive and significant genotypic and phenotypic correlations wi...
Malik Muhammad Yousaf1*, Mumtaz Hussain1, Muhammad Jahangir Shah1, Bashir Ahmed1, Muhammad Zeshan1,2, Muhammad Mohsin Raza1 and Kazim Ali2
...as taken into account at maturity and statistically analyzed. All yield contributing traits showed positive response with increase in fertilizer rate. Maximum yield was found at T6 (NPK @ 40:30:15) and T6 and T7 (NPK @ 40:30:30) showed parity for seed yield. Significant difference was not observed in increase in yield due to the addition of potassium but branches per plant showed substantial difference. Highly significant positive correlation was observed for ...
Saeed Ullah1, Amanullah Jan1, Murad Ali2*, Wiqar Ahmad3, Hafeez Ur Rehman2, Muhammad Ishaq2 and Bilal Ahmad2
...lowest number of days to maturity (185) compared to control (188 days). Both 70 and 105 kg P2O5 ha-1 registered PH with 8% increase, PN with 8 and 7.4% increase, respectively, GY with 4% increase, BY with 25% increase and HI with 9.2 and 9.5% increase over the control. Number of days to achieve crop maturity also remained the same (185 days) for the P2O5 levels and remained statistically similar with each other (185 days) co...
Muhammad Mobashar1, Muhammad Tahir1, Shahbaz Javaid2,*, Muhammad I. Anjum2, Insha Gul3, Nazir Ahmad1 andAbdul Sami1
... effect of three harvest maturity stages on nutritive value of oat hay and milk yield and composition. Total of 9 Holstein Friesian lactating cows with nearly similar lactation stage and body weight were fed on three rations with proportions of 40% oat hay from different maturity stages i.e. boot, flowering and dough and 60% total mixed ration. The results showed that animals fed with oat hay from flowering stage (rat...
Ali Sher1*, Khalid Naveed1, Gulzar Ahmad2, Ayub Khan1, Muhammad Saeed1 and Shah Masaud1
...t, days to physiological maturity and biological yield were significantly increased by both N and Zn while the same parameters except days to anthesis, days to physiological maturity were also significantly enhanced by using Fe. Result revealed that higher leaf area tiller-1 (113 cm2), leaf area index (2.3), plant height (100 cm), biological yield (11431 kg ha-1) by 150 kg N ha-1 , 3 kg Zn ha-1 and 1 kg Fe ha-1 of wheat as c...
Muhammad Ishfaq1*, Nadeem Akbar1, Imran Khan1, Shakeel Ahmad Anjum1, Usman Zulfiqar1, Muhammad Ahmad1, Mumtaz Ahmad2 and Muhammad Umer Chattha1
...1.6 cm) at physiological maturity, and opaque kernel (13.7%) were maximum while weed density and weed biomass was minimum in S2 (11.25 cm row spacing) treatment. Statistically, maximum productive tillers (296.8 m-2), numbers of grains per panicle (93.7), 1000-grain weight (19.4 g), paddy yield (3.5 t ha-1) and harvest index (34.3%) were recorded in S3 treatment. Percentage of sterile spikelet (9.5%), abortive kernel (9.7%) were highest in broadcasting treatmen...
Muhammad Faheem Jan1*, Asad Ali Khan1, Waqas Liaqat1, Haseeb Ahmad1, Muhammad Dawood Ahmadzai1 and Wazir Rehan2
... tasseling, silking, and maturity) and crop growth (single leaf area, leaf area index, and plant height) which resulted in different grain yield. Among hybrids DK-Garanon gave highest value for all the studied parameters as compared to others hybrids. Similarly, in K ratios higher values for the studied traits were recorded in plots which were treated with K 40% from organic (poultry manure) and 60% from inorganic (sulphate of potash) sources. It can be conclu...
Abdur Rehman1* and Shad Khan Khalil2
...n (120 days) and days to maturity (161 days). Optimum water supply delayed days to flowering (107 days), days to pod formation (122 days) and days to maturity (166 days). Moisture stress reduced number of branches plant-1 (5.6) and leaves plant-1 (12.8). Application of salicylic acid (SA) at the rate of 0.5mM improved number of branches (6.34), leaves (13.69) and delayed phenological stages of canola compared to KNO3, methan...
Arshad Iqbal1*, Syed Mehar Ali Shah1, Hidayat ur Rahman1, Faiza Aman2 and Aziz-ur-Rahman1
...days), number of days to maturity (days), flag leaf area (cm2), culm length (cm), panicle length (cm), primary branches panicle-1 (no.) and secondary panicle branches (no.). Analysis of variance showed highly significant (p ≤ 0.01) differences for parents, F5:6 lines and parents vs F5:6 lines for all the studied traits. Among the F5:6 lines, AUP-304 showed minimum days to heading (91 days) while the F5:6 line AUP-361 took minimum days to
Muhammad Arshad*, Sabeeta Jan, Sundas Awan, Samra Azam, Shiguftah Khalid and Muahmmad Ayub Khan
...r completion and Days to maturity, 100 seed weight, oil content percentage and Seed Yield. Results of ANOVA revealed that there is remarked variation among all hybrids under study for seed yield and other allied character while non-significant differences were observed for replications except days to flower initiation. In the present study both positive and negative correlations were found between different traits. Days to flower initiation (DFI), days to flow...
Tevfik Ceyhan1,*, Osman Samsun2 and Okan Akyol1
...e smaller than the first maturity length. In addition, exploitation rate was found to be higher than optimum. On the other words, there is a fishing pressure on the garfish stock in the Black Sea due to absence of minimum landing size (MLS) of the garfish. Apart from direct fishing control measures aiming to reduce fishing mortality, the establishment of a MLS of 38cm that coincides with the length at first maturity would be...
Muhammad Aqeel Sarwar*1, Shahid Riaz Malik1, Waqas Ahmad2, Muhammad Sajid Mahmood3, Muhammad Jawad1, Muhammad Asadullah1, Ijaz Ahmad4 and Muhammad Imran1
...ayed sowing enhanced the maturity but July 05 reported best results especially for yield attributes like no. of clusters per plant, pods plant-1, biological yield, grain yield and harvest index, however it was statistically similar with planting time July 15 for all these traits. The interaction also exhibited significant results and G2S3 recorded highest yield than all other treatments. So, it can be concluded that genotype NCM-13 should be grown from 05 July...
Masab Umair Khan, Syed Mehar Ali Shah, Hidayat-ur-Rahman, Arshad Iqbal* and Ezaz Aslam
...superior performance for maturity, yield and associated traits, hybrids ZH610, ZH169, ZH1621, CAH153 and ZH1620 are recommended for commercial cultivation after multi-location trials and onward utilization in maize breeding programs. ...
Misbahullah, Shad Khan Khalil, Asim Muhammad*, Afza Tabassum and Shah Fahad
... anthesis, physiological maturity, area of flag leaf, tillers number m-2 and spikelets per spike and decreased weed density in wheat. Sorghum extract sprayed at 1:3 gave more days to anthesis (123.4), days to physiological maturity (155.0) and sorghum concentration applied at 1:4 gave significantly more tillers m-2 (194.5) and more spikelets spike-1 (21.0). Sorghum extract concentration with combination of weedicide sprayed ...
Zhongquan Zhao*, Tianyuan Yang, Lei Qiao, Qijie He and Zinuo Dai
... the age of puberty, sex maturity and breeding for male and female kids were 102.0±4.2 days vs. 117.0±8.7 days; 216.0±28.5 days vs. 195.0±22.4 days; 490.0±38.5 days vs. 355.0±27.5 days, respectively. Estrous cycle was 20.1±0.5 days. The duration of the natural estrous period of Dazu black goat (41.4±8.6 h) was longer than these reported goat breeds and was not significant difference among the different li...
Mubashir Ahmad Khan*, Nazakat Nawaz, Muhammad Arshad, Muhammad Ayub Khan, Tahira, Doulat Baig, Ihsan Ullah Khan and Shamim ul Sibtain Shah
...oductive period, days to maturity, pod filling period, plant height (cm), number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, seed yield (kg/ha). Seed yield ranged from 352 to 878 kg/ha with a mean value of 521 kg/ha. A total of forty genotypes produced more seed yield than standard cultivar (517 kg/ha) with a range of 524 to 878 kg/ha. Maximum variation was showed by pods per plant, seed yield, branches per plant, pod filling period and plant height. Dend...
Muhammad Salman Wazir and Mohammad Akmal
...esults showed a delay in maturity with taller plants at the split N application of NAT2 and NS3 as compared to the NS1. Likewise, better traits of wheat plant and hence the yield including grain wet gluten content were reported for the treatment NS3 as sole wheat crop, followed by the intercropped with fababean. Among the intercropping, IC-I with fababean showed better future scope of wheat crop production under the changing climate to produce higher productio...
Farhat Iqbal1, Mohammad Masood Tariq2,*, Ecevit Eyduran3, Zil-e-Huma4, Abdul Waheed5, Farhat Abbas2, Muhammad Ali2, Nadeem Rashid2, Majed Rafeeq2, Asadullah2 and Zahid Mustafa2
...t, integration constant, maturity rate and their credible intervals of four widely-used nonlinear sigmoidal growth models were estimated through Bayesian inference. Gompertz, Logistic, Brody and Von Bertalanffy models were fitted to average monthly body weight data of (n = 412) Mengali sheep from birth to 24 months of age for both sexes (male and female) and type of births (single and twin). The overall goodness of fit was checked by calculating Deviance Infor...
Saqib Bashir* and Bashir Ahmad
...n emergence m-2, days to maturity, plant height, thousand grains weight, biological yield and grain yield of wheat. The integration of pigeonpea green manuring with nitrogen levels significantly increased wheat growth, yield and yield components. In case of green manuring, plots in which pigeon pea crop was incorporated at the age of 90 days showed maximum plant height (103.3 cm), thousand grains weight (45.2 g), biological yield (10199 kg ha-1) and grain yiel...
Ihsan Ullah Khan*, Muhammad Arshad, Muhammad Ayub Khan, Muhammad Ashraf, Ashiq Saleem, Sundas Awan, Samra Azam and Shamim Ul Sibtain Shah
...ompletion (DFC), days to maturity (DM), plant height (PHT, cm), stem thickness (ST, mm), head diameter (HD, cm), 100-grain weight (100-GW, gm), oil content percentage (OC %) and seed yield (SY, kg ha-1) revealed statistically significant differences. All the crosses out-performed the standard check in terms of seed yield (kg ha-1) with significant differences in this regard. Positive and significantly high mid-parent heterosis was observed in all the hybrids f...
Abid Ali1*, Hidayat ur Rahman1, Farhatullah1 and Zahir Shah2
...of plant and ear height, maturity and stover yield as well. Additive x dominance type of epistasis played major role in the inheritance of ear leaf area, stover yield and harvest index in all crosses. Similarly, in the inheritance of days to silking, ear leaf area, ear length, stover yield, biological yield and harvest index additive epistasis was involved. Based on the findings from this study, crosses SW-491 × EV-157, EV-157 × SW-491 and EV-157 &...
Imdad Ali Mahmood1, Muhammad Imran2, Muhammad Sarwar1, Matiullah Khan1, Muhammad Aqeel Sarwar2, Shoaib Ahmed1 and Shahid Riaz Malik2
...amples were collected at maturity to determine Zn concentration in plant tissues and grains. A significant increase in pods per peduncle, seeds per pod, grain yield and total biomass of lentil was observed with Zn application even at lower rate (5 kg ha-1) under PGPR inoculation. Maximum 100-seed weight (2.56 g) was recorded with PGPR inoculation which was 21 % higher than that of without PGPR inoculation. Overall, a significant increase (31 %) in grain yield ...
Khalid P. Loneand Irfana Liaqat*
...t microscopy. The annual maturity stages can easily be divided into five gross stages namely, immature and developing, maturing and developed, ripe and running, post spawning and spent-regressed. The testis in Labeo rohita were unrestricted and lobular. The maximum GSI (2.89±0.25) was seen in June when the photoperiod and temperatures were highest, while the lowest GSI was seen in October (0.09±0.01). The start of the monsoon rains was a c...
Muhammad Ilyas* and Fida Mohammad
...days to heading, days to maturity, grain filling duration, grain growth rate, grains spike-1, 1000-grain weight and grain yield. Averaged over eight environments, wheat RIL’s 44, 55, and 25 were desirable for days to heading, days to maturity, grain filling duration, grain growth rate, grains spike-1 and grain yield. Mean grain yield ranged from 1613 to 2471 kg ha-1 across environments. Among the tested environments, S...
Wajid Khan* and Raziuddin
...t rapeseed genotypes for maturity, morphological and yield traits. The eight parental genotypes i.e., AUP-01, AUP-05, AUP-07, AUP-08, AUP-10, AUP-13, AUP-18 and AUP-21 were crossed in full diallel fashion to generate 56 F1 crosses. These parental genotypes and their F1 hybrids were evaluated during 2015/16 in the field at the University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan. Mean squares revealed significant genetic variability among parents and their F1 crosses ...
Mazhar Habib1, Aamir Saleem1, Arshad Mahmood Malik2*, Sarfraz Ahmed3 and Sameera Arshad4
...ass. With the advance in maturity of clipping stages, plant height and no. of tillers in the grass increased (P<0.05). Herbage yield showed (fresh biomass yield, dry matter yield) significant differences (P<0.05) at each clipping stage. With advanced plant maturity species, its herbage yield increased (P<0.05). However, phonologically, proportion of its plants with vegetative stage declined. This decline of plants w...
Imran1*, Amanullah1, Muhammad Arif1, Zahir Shah2 and Abdul Bari3
...mation and physiological maturity stages. However, P highest and moderate (100 and 75 kg P ha-1) rates were remained the same for weeds biomass. When compared with the economic analysis and profitability of soybean the highest net returns (NR) in Pakistani Rupees (PKRs) (PKR 62.082 ha-1) were noted with the biochar amendment followed by compost (PKR 60,168 ha-1), whereas least net return NR (PKR 41,548 ha-1) was recorded with peach residues incorporation. The ...
Mohammad Aquil Siddiqui1*, Muhammad Tahir Khan1, Ghulam Shah Nizamani1, Shafquat Yasmeen1, Imtiaz Ahmed Khan1, Abdullah Khatri1 and Nighat Seema Soomro2
..., indicated the earliest maturity in the mutant AEL-40/30 (92.0 days). Plant height was observed to be low in all the studied mutant lines (AEL-40/30, AEL-13/30 and AEL-12/30) against the parent and the control varieties. Important yield contributing traits like number of branches plant-1, seeds pod-1 and 1000 seed weight were also seen to be highest in the mutant AEL-40/30 (3.95, 1.91 and 29.11 (g), respectively). Moreover, the same genotype showed an extraor...
Jun Yan Bai*, Hong Deng Fan, Shuai Yang, Xue Yan Fu, Heng Cao, Xiao Hong Wu, You Zhi Pang and Kun Peng Shi
...onsumption, early sexual maturity, big egg output and short production period. To recognize molecular markers of egg quality of quail, SNP in control regions of cytogenin gene (MyoG) 5’ in China yellow quail, Beijing white quail, Korean quail detected by PCR-SSCP method in this study. Moreover, correlations of control regions of MyoG 5’ with egg quality of quail were analyzed. Results demonstrated that: In egg quail group, six genotypes were detect...
Noor-us-Sabah1*, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Ghulam Sarwar1 and Sher Muhammad2
.... Harvesting was done at maturity stage of crop. Soil samples collection was done from each pot and fertility parameters were studied. The results suggested that soil fertility status and biomass of wheat significantly increased by incorporation of full dose of press mud, poultry manure and compost. ...
Muhammad Usman Saleem, Nadeem Iqbal, Shawaiz Iqbal*, Usama Bin Khalid, Adila Iram, Muhammad Akhter, Tahir Latif and Tahir Hussain Awan
... days interval till crop maturity. The overall results indicated that paddy yield was 20% higher under DSR as compared to TPR. Moreover, during 2017 in Punjab Province, Pakistan, more than 2500 farmers cultivated rice using DSR on an area of about 10000 ha and found it more cost effective than manually TPR. Therefore, farmers can opt this technology to harvest maximum benefits. ...
Abid Khan*, Mukhtar Alam and Yousaf Jamal
...layed heading (2.1%) and maturity (2.4%), increased leaves and leaf area tiller-1 (6.8 and 4.1%), increased LAI (9.6%), increased height (3.5%), enhanced crop growth rate (CGR) (8.6%) and increased chlorophyll a and b (9.8% and 8.5%). BM application significantly increased emergence (6.1%), delayed heading (2.3%) and maturity (3.04%), increased leaves and leaf area tiller-1 (9.1 and 14.1%), increased LAI (36.4%), increased h...
Muhammad Younis1, Shahen Shah1*, Inamullah1, Rozina Gul2, Arshad Jalal1, Farhan Khalil1, Iqbal Hussain1 and Muhammad Adnan Fahad3
...a-1, while flowering and maturity were delayed when no P and S applied. Pods plant-1and biological yield were recorded highest at sulphur level 45 kg ha-1. The HI attained its peak at 75 kg P ha-1 with no sulphur application. It was concluded that solicitation of phosphorus and sulphur @ 50 kg ha-1 and 45 kg ha-1, respectively resulted in significantly higher yield contributing parameters of sesame; therefore, recommended for the locality. ...
Ayesha Zafar1, Ghulam Sarwar1*, Muhammad Sarfraz2, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Sher Muhammad3 and Ghulam Murtaza1
...rimental requirement. At maturity data regarding plant height, capsules/plant and seeds/capsules, 1000 grain weight, number of plants/m length, grain yield, total biomass and harvest index were recorded. All the above parameters were enhanced by increasing fertilizer rate and maximum values were achieved where fertilize was applied at the rate of 210-210-112.5 kg ha-1 (150 % of recommended dose i.e., T5). Grain yield increased more prominently when compared wi...
Anjum and Ahmad Khan*
Phenology, Crop Stand and Biomass of Wheat in Response to Farmyard Manure and Soil Amendments
...126 days), physiological maturity (154 days) and enhanced emergence (9 days) were observed with 20 Mg FYM ha-1. The emergence m-2 (126), leaf area tiller-1 (107 cm2), plant height (96.5 cm) and biomass (11783 kg ha-1) were improved with 20 Mg FYM but were non-significantly different from plots having 15 Mg FYM ha-1 over two years averaged data. Among the amendments, greater days to anthesis (126 days) and physiological maturity<...
Amjad Hussain1, Ata Ur Rehman2, Zia Ur Rehman Tahir3, Aftab Ahmad1, Fahad Noor3, Qasar Wasique Ahmad1
INVESTIGATION OF EMPLOYEES’ PERCEPTION ABOUT LEAN IMPLEMENTATION
...e shop floor); level and maturity of lean implementation in each organization was done before conducting the study. It has been concluded that white collar work group perceptions about Kaizen implementation are more positive than blue collar employees. Moreover, employees with the lowest positive perception are likely to be more dissatisfied with their jobs. The study also identified the factors which contribute towards the development of negative perceptions....
Amar Iqbal Saqib1, Khalil Ahmed1*, Abdul Rasul Naseem1, Ghulam Qadir1, Muhammad Qaisar Nawaz1, Muhammad Khalid2, Imtiaz Ahmad Warraich3 and Muhammad Arif4
...h crop was documented at maturity. Results showed that growth and yield attributes increased significantly, and properties of saline-sodic field were ameliorated remarkably by the integrated use of HA and gypsum. The maximum plant height, 1000-grain weight, paddy and grain yield of rice and wheat crops were obtained where the gypsum+ humic acid were used @75 % GR+ HA @ 30 kg ha-1 followed by gypsum @ 100% GR while the chemicals properties of soil (pHs, ECe, SA...
Adnan Arshad1*, Huma Qamar2, Ristina Siti-Sundari3, Zhang Yue1, Muhammad Zubair2, Muhammad Ali Raza4, Muhammad Habib-ur-Rehman5 and Lizhen Zhang1*
Phenotypic Plasticity of Spineless Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Cultivars in Response to Exogenous Application of Salicylic Acid under Rainfed Climate Conditions
...le 7.3-days to flowering maturity were reduced after C5, and C4 (26754). SA3-C5 promoted 8.01 days earlier maturity, maximum seed plant-1, while SA3-C3 resulted in a significant increase in yield and oil content. SA3 and SA4 showed substantial plasticity to maximum phenology parameters of C3, C4, and C5. Safflower treated with salicylic acid could adapt to wide range even though in the extreme weather and drought conditions ...
Rao Wali Muhammad1, Hafiz Muhammad Wasif Ali2*, Amir Hamza1, Muhammad Qadir Ahmad2, Abdul Qayyum2, Waqas Malik2 and Etrat Noor2
Estimation of Different Genetic Parameters in Various Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Genotypes under Field Condition
...g, plant height, days to maturity, no. of primary branches per plant, no. of secondary branches per plant, pods per plant, 1000-seed weight and yield per plant of 200 safflower accessions. Analysis of variance and principal component analysis were carried out to estimate the extent of variability for studied parameters and to partition the germplasm into various cluster groups on basis of their mean performance. A value of 74% was indicated by the first three ...
Attiq ur Rehman1,2*, Iftikhar Hussain Khalil3 and Ihtisham Ali4
Genetic Diversity and Traits Association in Tetraploid and Hexaploid Wheat Genotypes in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan
...days to heading, days to maturity, flag leaf area, plant height, tillers m-2, spikes m-2, spikelets spike-1, 1000-grain weight, grain yield and harvest index. Among the genotypes for various study traits, statistically significant differences were observed. Except for the flag leaf area and days to maturity, durum vs. spring wheat contrast was significant for all other studied parameters. The flag leaf area of durum wheat wa...
Mushtaq Ahmad Khan*, Abdul Basir and Beena Saeed
Biochar Improves Phenological and Physiological Attributes of Wheat in Soil Amended with Organic and Inorganic Nitrogen Sources
... anthesis, physiological maturity in wheat, and resulted in higher leaf area (LA), leaf area index (LAI), plant height, number of tillers and spikes m-2 when compared to control. Whereas, application of 150 kg N ha-1 as urea, FYM and PM, delayed booting, anthesis, physiological maturity in wheat and increased plant height and spikes m-2 of wheat. Similarly, 120 and 150 kg N ha-1 applied from PM, FYM and urea resulted in high...
Saeed Ahmad1, Abdul Ghaffar1, Muhammad Habib ur Rahman1,3*, Tanveer-ul-Haq2, Mahmood Alam Khan4 and Arshad Mahmood5
Evaluation of Different Production Systems in Combination with Foliar Sulphur Application for Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under Arid Climatic Conditions of Pakistan
... ratio and 16 days early maturity than direct seeded sunflower, which ultimately provide optimum time for cotton crop sowing in cotton-sunflower cropping system. It is concluded that sunflower has to be shifted through nursery transplanted production system in field to achieve the highest achene yield with achene oil content which also ensures timely sowing of cotton crop for effective use of field under cotton-sunflower cropping system....
Amir Aziz1*, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Noor-us-Sabah1, Ghulam Sarwar1 and Sher Muhammad2
Effect of Rice and Wheat Straw and K-Silicate Application on Maize Growth
...ding to plant demand. At maturity, data regarding yield components were recorded. Soil sampling was performed in all pots to analyze parameters of interest. Statistical analysis of collected data was done using Statistics 8.1 software. From the results it was concluded that by the using the both sources of silicon (straw and potassium silicate), plant growth and yield were improved but among these sources, potassium silicate was the best. Results showed ...
Shahid Ahmed1,2*, Huiqing Su1, Xuqian Sun1, Peng Feng1, Yongpan Chen1, Liang Yu1, Qian Liu1 and Heng Jian1
Performance of Cereal Varieties against Cereal Cyst Nematode (Heterodera avenae)
...seed germination to crop maturity and limits the cereal production in different agro-ecologies of the world. In China, this pathogen is widespread in more than 20 provinces and infects the major cereal varieties and germplasm being adopted for cereal crop production annually. We tested number of cereal accessions to see the host pathogen interaction; among 15 wheat lines from Zhonnguyuan Sun (CAAS) CIMMYT Beijing and 10 lines of oats from Jilin Province were s...
Shazia Rasheed1*, Javed Mustaquim2 and Khalil Hasni1
...nt paper, size at sexual maturity was determined by relative growth (functional) as well as by examining the condition of gonads (physiological) in both sexes of Portunus pelagicus. During the study it was observed that the physiological and functional maturities occur almost at the same size which was from 68 to 75 mm short carapace width or 86 to 94 mm long carapace width. Male P. pelagicus matures earlier than the females. The size at which fe...
Mohammad Mohsin Faqeer1, Muhammad Aquil Siddiqui2*, Nighat Seema Soomro1, Shameem Raja3, Muhammad Tahir Khan2, Ghulam Shah Nizamani2, Fareen Deeba Soomro4 and Muhammad Mahran Aslam2
Impact of Row Spacing on the Growth and Yield Parameters of Lentil (Lens culinaris L) under Semi-arid Region of Pakistan
...yield, and early days to maturity were observed at 30 cm row spacing. Interaction of varieties x row spacing indicated that NIA Masoor 2016 showed the best performance at 30 cm row spacing. This genotype exhibited highest germination (97.02 %), plant height (41.17 cm), number branches per plant (7.53), number of pods per plant (54.93), number of seeds per plant (2.75), 1000 seed weight (60.09 g), and seed yield (1863.6 kg ha-1) at 30 cm row spacing. The result...
Anjali Khadka1*, Subodh Raj Pandey2, Subarna Sharma Acharya3, Amrit Poudel4 and Sushma Adhikari1
Morphological Evaluation and Multivariate Analysis of Soybean Glycine max (L.) Merrill Genotypes in Western Mid-Hills of Nepal
...heritability for days to maturity, moderate heritability for days to 50% flowering with low genetic advance and genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation for both of the above traits were observed. Test weight had a significant positive correlation with grain yield. Number of nodes, basal pod height, internodal length, plant height, number of branches, number of grains, pod length at maturity, leaf area was positivel...
Zohaib Ahmad Hassan1, Ghulam Sarwar1*, Noor-Us-Sabah1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Muhammad Aftab2, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Usman Saleem3, Ayesha Zafar1, Imran Shehzad1, Aneela Riaz4, Khurshid Ahmad Mufti5 and Aamer Sattar2
Toxic Effects of Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO3) on Growth and Yield of Rice
...per crop requirement. At maturity, rice was harvested from all pots. Various yield contributing components like plant height, fertile tillers, total biomass, straw and paddy yield were noted for all pots of the experiment. Statistical analysis of all collected data was accomplished. It was noted from the results that control (T1) proved superior with regard to plant height, fertile tillers/pot, total biomass, straw and paddy yield. All these yield contributing...
Hafiz Muhammad Wasim1, Ghulam Sarwar1*, Noor-Us-Sabah1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Muhammad Aftab2, Sher Muhammad3, Usman Saleem4, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Ayesha Zafar1, Imran Shehzad1, Aneela Riaz5 and Aamer Sattar2
Impact of NaCl Toxicity on Yield and Yield Components of Rice (Oryza sativa) Grown in Aridisol
...one. Crop was grown till maturity and then data gathering concerning yield related parameters was carried out and statistical analysis was performed. It was observed from the results that addition of NaCl proved toxic for growth and yield of rice plants as well as associated parameters such as plant height, number of productive tillers, total biomass, straw and grain yields were negatively influenced by the increasing levels of sodium chloride when compared wi...
Qianbao Wang, Zhengyang Huang, Shoufeng Li, Huayun Huang, Chunmiao Li and Zhenhua Zhao*
...weight gain after sexual maturity was necessary to optimize reproductive performance. In fertility trial, a significantly higher embryonic mortality (8.65%) and significantly lower hatchability (90.48%) was found in males fed with 135.5g/d diet than other two groups (p<0.05). Taken together, feed allocation of 125.5 g/d under ME 2770 kcal/kg and CP 15.4% was recommended to broiler breeder males of genetically modified F line after sexual
Hafiz Muhammad Wasim1, Ghulam Sarwar1*, Noor-Us-Sabah1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Muhammad Aftab2, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Ayesha Zafar1, Imran Shehzad1, Aneela Riaz3, Abid Niaz2, Khurshid Ahmad Mufti4 and Muhammad Arif2
Deleterious Impact of Sodium Chloride (NaCl) Toxicity on Chemical Properties of Soil and Ionic Composition of Rice
...one. Crop was grown till maturity and plant samples were collected from each pot for chemical analysis (Na and K). Soil samples were also collected from all treatment pots and subjected to laboratory for determination of various chemical properties (pH, EC and SAR). To calculate SAR values of soil, concentration of Ca2+, Mg2+ and Na+ were also determined from all soil samples. It was observed from the results that addition of NaCl proved toxic for different ch...
Arsalan Khan1, Aminullah Khan2, Dil Fayaz Khan2, Sajid Khan1, Anjum1, Waqar Ali3, Habib Akbar1 and Ahmad Khan1*
...days), and physiological maturity (155 days) whereas, DT delayed the phenological events. Among nitrogen ratios sole use of urea had delayed booting (108.1 days), anthesis (122.9 days) and physiological maturity (162.5 days) stages, whereas different ratios of Urea, FYM and PM resulted in early phenological observations. The use of urea, FYM and PM (33.33% each) had produced more tillers m-2 (288 tiller m-2
Faiza Aman1,*, Neelam Ara1 and Syed Mehar Ali Shah2
...superior performance for maturity, yield and yield-related traits, pea genotypes Leena Pak, UAP-47, UAP-29 and Green Gold are recommended for testing across locations and for onward use in pea breeding programs.
...
Md. Sabbir Ahamed1, Md. Rayhan Chowdhury1, Md. Atik Mas-ud1, Sujat Ahmed2, Md. Shahadat Hossain1 and Mohammad Nurul Matin1*
...90.16%), 100-GW (83.1%), maturity time (82.4%), PaL (79.2%) and spikelet no. (60.2%) was highly heritable variation. The highest value of genotypic covariance (GCV) and phenotypic covariance (PCV) were found in FGPa (2312.334 and 2377.728) followed by UFGPa (18.472 and 74.639) and PH (437.76 and 438.34) suggesting that selection of this corresponding trait would be more effective. Identified low value of GCV than the PCV, suggesting environment may play influe...
Uzma Ayaz1,* and Muhammad Fareed Khan2
...ys to flower completion, maturity days, plant height and germination percentage. The cluster (ii) grouped the yield contributing traits chlorophyll content, fresh seed weight, no. of leaves, head diameter, stem thickness, dry seed weight and 1000 grains weight. The correlation studies confirms the results and describes positive and highly significant correlation among initiation of flowering days (0.099**), completion of flowering days (0.015**), seedling perc...
Muhammad Nawaz1*, Muhammad Dawood1, Kainat Javaid1, Muhammad Imran2, Fengliang Zhao3, Shahzadi Saima4 and Syed Tansir Hussain Shah2
... development, growth and maturity of crops. In this regard, this study was conducted to examine the possible health effect of fluoride pollution in the form of sodium fluoride on the growth and physiological parameters of cotton plant. The cotton plants were grown in the pots. Six different concentrations of fluoride (3mg/L to 15mg/L) along with water as control were used periodically. At both harvests, maximum growth and physiological functions were recorded ...
Muhammad Fiyyaz1, Ghulam Sarwar1*, Noor-Us-Sabah1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Muhammad Aftab2, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Sher Muhammad3, Muhammad Latif4, Ayesha Zafar1, Imran Shehzad1, Sarfraz Hussain5, Aneela Riaz6 and Abid Niaz2
... of these treatments. At maturity, plant samples of maize were collected from all pots. Laboratory analysis for collected plant samples was carried out. Data were statistically analyzed. Results indicated that treatment (T8) produce maximum nitrogen (3.27%), phosphorus (1.0%) and potassium (2.85%) concentration in shoots of maize plants. The same trend of improvement was noted for maximum nitrogen (3.16%), phosphorus (0.92%) and potassium (2.88%) concentration...
Muhammad Fiyyaz1, Ghulam Sarwar1*, Noor-Us-Sabah1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Muhammad Aftab2, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Sarfraz Hussain3, Ayesha Zafar1, Imran Shehzad1 and Aneela Riaz4
...T4 and T11 = T2 + T5. At maturity and different agronomic and yield parameters were recorded before harvesting maize plants. Laboratory analysis for collected soil samples was carried out. Data were statistically analyzed. Results indicated that treatment (T8) produce maximum plant height (115.0 cm), biomass (64.34 g) and root length (27.083 cm) of maize. Organic matter content (1.78 %), phosphorus (16.67 ppm) and potassium (213.0 ppm) concentration in soil wa...
Huma Qamar1, Mariam Hassan1, Muhammad Zubair1*, Adnan Arshad2, Muhammad Qusain Saeed3, Muhammad Umar3, Sundas Shahzad1, Tariq Mahmood1 and Muhammad Aftab1
...ng and days required for maturity was positive at genotypic as well as phenotypic levels. Correlation between numbers of branches and days required for flowering was positive, while negative association of branches’ number was observed with days required for maturity and the obtained yield of a plant. Positive association was expressed between days required for flowering and days required for m...
Song Jiang1,2,3, Ming-ge Zhuang1,2,3, Fa-lin Zhou1,2, Qi-bin Yang1, Jian-hua Huang1, Li-shi Yang1 and Shi-gui Jiang1*
...l bait to accelerate the maturity of parent shrimps of Penaeus monodon, which was verified by the dynamics of vitellogenin gene expression in hepatopancreas and ovary of P. monodon. The parent shrimps fed on four different diets including commercial parent shrimps feed (Diet A), Pheretima tschiliensis combination bait (Diet B), Pheretima tschiliensis (Diet C)and Nereis succinea combination bait (Diet D), and the effect of eac...
Miloudi Hilali1*, Hanae El Monfalouti1, Larbi El Hammari2, Farid Amar3, Zakaria Mennane4, Malika Haddam5, Nadia Maata6 and Badr Eddine Kartah1
...related to the degree of maturity of the olives from the point of view of the village women, thus determines maturity for them, is not a scientific criterion, but a specific period of time or a particular season. The aim of present study was to determine the optimal olive harvest time, this study was carried out in the circle of Massmouda region in the city of Ouezzane northern Morocco. It was made in order to evaluate the i...
Dia Mamadou1,2*, Meissa Beyah1, Sow Amadou Harouna1, Ba Samba Alassane1, Bouzouma Moustapha1, Braham Cheikh Baye1 and Beibou Ely1
...istics (i.e. late sexual maturity, long reproductive cycle and high mortality of the larval phases due to predation and/or climatic hazards), the lobster is considered a highly vulnerable species. Furthermore, its high market value is such has led to a rush to exploit it to such an extent that some coastal cephalopods fishing vessels are being transformed into lobster vessels and European chartered vessels are arriving in Mauritanian waters. Therefore, in orde...
Rasool Bux Kalhoro1, Ghulam Mustafa Laghari2*, Ghulam Hyder Jamro2 and Muhammad Ibrahim Keerio2
...wering 45.06 and days to maturity 117.28 were recorded at row spacing 60cm with a seed rate of 90 kg ha-1. The row spacing 45 cm with a seed rate of 75 and 90 kg ha-1 showed minimum days 41.67to 41.94 to leghaemoglobium in nodules. While 60cm row spacing with all seed rates had short time 61.61 to 61.72 days to disappearance leghaemoglobium in the nodule.Furthermore, days to nodule formation and the number of nodules plant-1 were not significantly affected by ...
Syed Sikandar Habib1*, Saira Naz2, Sadia Nawaz1, Iqra Ameer1, Ameer Khatoon1, Hameed Ur Rehman3, Sahibzada Muhammad Jawad4 and Haider Ali5
...erapy and confirming the maturity. So the present study was designed to determine the hematological parameters of farm and river Chenab (wild) selected fish species including (Labeo rohita, Cirrhinus mrigala, Cyprinus carpio, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Ctenopharyngodon idella). Fish species selected for the current study is generally widely cultured in Pakistan and worldwide. Fish sampling was done by using different nets (river and farm) and blood sa...
Aftab Ahmad Sheikh1, Khalil Ahmed1*, Belqees Akhter1, Ghulam Qadir1, Muhammad Qaisar Nawaz1, Hafeezullah Rafa1, Abdul Wakeel1, Abdul Manan Saeed2
...ted at the physiological maturity of crop, four months after the sowing of crop. Results revealed that water salinity adversely affected the quantitative and qualitative attributes of sorghum crop and negative effects were more pronounced with higher level of salinity ECiw (10 dS m-1). Irrigation with higher level of salinity ECiw (10 dS m-1) decresed the plant height (9%), fresh fodder yield (16.21%), dry biomass yield (7.86%), crude fat (25.40%) and crude pr...
Arshad Farooq1, Abdul Hassan1, Muhammad Ishaq2, Asif Nawaz3*, Iltaf Ullah4 and Hidayatullah5
...rmers was found in early maturity (short duration) maize (OPVs) varieties (26.67%), IPM techniques (25.84%), wheat on ridges/seedbed (24.17%), heat and drought tolerant maize (OPVs) varieties (20.84%), heat and drought tolerant wheat varieties (20%) and organic farming (16.67%). Knowledge index revealed that both districts’ farmers had 35.71% knowledge level in fourteen different indicators in the study area. The farmers of district Charsadda had slightl...
Qurban Ali1, Muhammad Faheem Akhtar1, Asad Aslam1*, Muhammad Shehzad2, Muhammad Jamal2, Humaira Malik1, Imran Nadeem1, Aqsa Abbas1, Muhammad Jawad Saleem1, Tamsila Nazir1 and Kanwal Hanif1
...o increase till the crop maturity. Lowest number of eggs (115) were recorded on K01308 while K09012 and K01242 were found to be most preferred for oviposition (261 and 250, respectively). Maximum larval survival about 0.98 was recorded on K09012 followed by K01216. Whereas, minimum was recorded on K014001 followed by K01308 and K014002.Minimum leaf damage percentage (1.1289%) was observed in K014001 followed by K014002, K14003 and K01308 however maximum damage...
Mohammed Sirajul Islam1,2*, Nurhusien Yimer1*, Wahid Haron1 , Faez Firdaus Abdullah Jesse1, Mark Hiew Wen Han1, Mamat-Hamidi Kamalludin3, Wan-Nor Fitri1, Ubedullah Kaka4, Abdul Quddus1,5
...h performance and sexual maturity of KK and KK × Brangus bulls. Ten (10) experimental bulls with similar ages were kept under the same paddock and fed with equal quality and quantity Guinea grasses and palm kernel cakes. Body weight was measured at monthly basis by using a digital animal weighing scale. Age at sexual maturity was determined by the ti...
Hussain Ali1, Shahid Sattar Khan1, Fazal Maula2, Said Hussain Shah3* and Misbah Uddin1
... plants from seedling to maturity, which is one of the key pests that infest the rice crop at regular intervals. It is pivotal to find out management strategies for this pest for higher production of rice. Research experiments were conducted to investigate the impact of different rice varieties and synthetic insecticides on the population density of rice stem borer. Experiments were conducted in randomized complete block design (RCBD) repeated three times. The...
Dalia Khatun1, Md. Yeamin Hossain1,2*, Md. Firose Hossain3, Zannatul Mawa1, Md. Ataur Rahman1, Md. Rabiul Hasan1, Md. Akhtarul Islam1, Md. Ashekur Rahman1, Habib Ul Hassan4 and Sadicun Nahar Sikha1
....0), size at fist sexual maturity (Lm) and natural mortality (MW) using multi-model indices from the Ganges River of northwestern Bangladesh. For each individual, the total length (TL), fork length (FL), standard length (SL), and body weight (BW) were measured by digital slide calipers and an electric balance, respectively. A total of 303 individuals (male = 140, female = 163) were collected from the fishers catch during January to December, 2016. The overall ...
Hafiza Mehwish Iqbal1, Qurrat Ul Ain Akbar1, Saqib Arif1, Shahid Yousaf2*, Salman Khurshid1, Saqib Jabbar2, Neelofar Hamid3 and Uzma Sitara1
...t study pointed out that maturity levels involved to change the quality of tomato. Moisture and ash increased with the maturity ranged from 89.38±0.54 to 93.34±0.48 and 0.35±0.02 to 0.41±0.02% respectively. pH increases 4.23±0.15 to 4.77±0.15 and % Titratable acidity decreased 0.77±0.03 to 0.62±0.01 with the increase in ripening. In addition, increase in TSS (5.1-6.0 ob...
Ali Zohaib1*, Muzzammil Hussain1, Iftikhar Ahmad1, Mushtaq Ali2, Tahira Tabassum3 and Adnan Bashir1
...ing zone due its earlier maturity and better yield....
Tehseen Ali Jilani1*, Muhammad Saleem Jilani2, Javeria Sherani3, Kashif Waseem2, Muhammad Sohail Khan2, Hasnain Saleem3, Abdul Manan2, Rashid Jawad2 and Sami Ullah4
...14-15). At physiological maturity, data were collected for yield contributory traits. In Season 1, the genotype Minarellet proved to be early maturing by taking lesser number of days to flower initiation (55.48 days) followed by Rando and Coronado. Statistically maximum variability was shown by Climax and Green feast for plant height (81.33 and 80.77 cm), number of pods plant-1 (18.64 and 17.77), weight of pods plant-1 (51.74 and 50.89 g), pod length (11.09 an...
Saied Belal1, Ashraf Albrakati1*, Khalaf Alsharif2, Saad Al-Shehri2, Mohamed Alblihed3, Malik Almuqati4, Anfal Alsharif5, Alaa Albarakati6 and Anas Al-sharif7
... high altitude on the prematurity rate needs further investigations....
Rabia Goher, Inamullah and Mohammad Akmal*
..., heading, anthesis, and maturity did differ (p<0.05) in various AE, with highest in higher altitudes and lowest in the plains area. Genotypes differed in crop developmental stages with mild to marked effects on tiller height, spike length, spike weight and unit grain weight, which has resulted in significant changes (p<0.05) for biomass and grain yield. Harvest indices did differ for AE among genotypes. Based on the experimental results, it is concluded...
Adil Ali Gadahi1, Wajid Ali Jatoi1, Saima Mir Arain2, Jay Kumar Sootaher1*, Piar Ali Shar1, Sadaf Memon1, Muhammad Saleem Chang3, Zeeshan Majeed Kumbhar1 and Kirshan Kumar Menghwar1
...decrease for days to 75% maturity and spikelets per spike at zero irrigation and two irrigations. C7-98-4 gave minimum decrease for flag leaf area and V2-10-3 caused smaller amount of reduction for biological yield plant-1 at zero irrigation and two irrigations. The genotypes like V3-10-34, V2-10-15, C7-98-4 and V2-10-3 could be recommended for the water deficiency areas of farmers....
Abdul Ghaffar*, Niaz Hussain, Muhammad Nadeem, Khalid Hussain, Muhammad Aslam, Mudassar Khaliq, Muhammad Irshad, Zubeda Parveen and Muhammad Younas
...dary per plant, days for maturity, plant height as well as potential yield were recorded. The measured data were analyzed to principal component analysis (PCA), correlation, and path coefficient analysis. Analysis of variants revealed good variation among the accessions for the data recorded traits. Principal coefficient analysis differentiates all the traits into six PCs. Two components expressed more than one Eigenvalue which collectively contributed 80.12% ...
Amina Batool1*, Saba Aleem1, Ali Nawaz1, Muhammad Imran Khan1, Waheed Arshad1, Muhammad Aslam2, Shiraz Ali3 and Muhammad Zeeshan3
...er spike (41.0), days to maturity (172.67) and grain yield (3755 kg ha-1) in Fatehjang-2016. Whereas Dharabi-11 showed maximum root length (17.64 cm) and tiller count (405.67 m-2) at same level of seeding density. In contrast, 16FJ17 stood second in all parameters except root length and number of tillers m-2. The value for grain per spike (40.0) and shoot length (10.55 cm) is at par with Fatehjang-2016 and Dharabi-11, respectively at 120 kg ha-1 of seeding lev...
Allah Bakhsh1, Attiq Akhtar2, Fiaz Hussain3, Hafiz Wasif Javaad4, Inam ul Haq5* and Humara Umar5
Sajid Ali1*, Shahen Shah2, Muhammad Amin3, Asad Ali Khan2, Sajjad Khan4, Dawood Ahmad5, Faiq Ahmad2, Maaz Khan2, Sikandar Azam1, Siddique Ahmad2 and Bismillah Khan2
... cm) and days to harvest maturity (89 were significantly affected when120 kg P ha-1 was applied. Days to tasseling (53), days to silking (55), leaf areaplant-1 (4400 cm2), leaf area index (3.1), plant height (258.6 cm) and days to harvest maturity (89) were significantly affected in plots treated at the rate of 5 kg ha-1 with Zn. In case of application stages (AS), when Zn was applied 1/2 at vegetative and 1/2 at reproductiv...
Zulqarnain Haider1*, Muhammad Akhter2, Syed Sultan Ali1, Tahir Latif1, Rana Ahsan Raza Khan1, Awais Riaz1, Tahira Bibi1, Muhammad Ijaz3, Qasim Raza1, Mohsin Ali Raza4, Samina Sarfaraz1, Muhammad Iqbal1 and Muhammad Rafiq1
...ship of grain yield with maturity days; significantly positive relationship of plant height with days to maturity and highly negative with panicle length and thousand grains weight. Dendrograms divided the genotypes into six distinct Clusters. Based on GGE biplots, PK10324-1-1 followed by PK9444-8-1-2 and PK10029-13-2-1 were identified to be most superior and potential candidate Basmati lines with better yield and stability ...
Akbar Hayat1*, Ehsan Ul Haque1, Marayam Nasir2, Rab Nawaz3, Tariq Mahmood4 and Sohaib Afzaal1
...ts, and number of seeds, maturity period and degree of granularity. This was ever important study in Pakistan for evaluating the citrus exotic material of latest generation. This endeavour led to the sound recommendation of sweet oranges like Rhode Red Valencia and Sun Star in the two years of study. In case of taste imparting characteristics like TSS, acidity and their respective ratio in the Rhode Red Valencia TSS 11.4 %, Acidity 1.05, TSS/Acid Ratio 10.97, ...
Faiq Ahmad1, Shahen Shah1*, Muhammad Amin2, Ikram Ullah3, Sajid Ali4, Maaz Khan1, Muhammad Shakur5 and Sajjad Khan6
... days) and physiological maturity (158.9 days) were recorded with application of 120 kg N ha-1 applied as 50% from FYM and 50% from PM with beneficial microbes as compared to remaining treatments. Among the nitrogen sources application timing, delayed emergence (15.5 days) was recorded when nitrogen organic sources applied one day before sowing, while delayed heading (115.1 days), anthesis (125.3 days) and physiological maturity...
Muhammad Mansoor1, 2, Sheheryar1 and Shahid Ali Khan1*
...shes, respectively, with maturity for both flushes in around 63 days. In addition, its yield was higher than NM-2011, Dera Mung, and NM-98 by 21 %, 51 %, and 40 %, respectively. Cultivar Inqelab Mung may be recommended for planting in rain-fed conditions where the supply of water for the second and third irrigation is uncertain for farmers. In addition, through adding nitrogen via nodulation, it can also be intercropped with cotton as it can give fair yield wi...
Muhammad Mansoor1, 2, Sheheryar1 and Shahid Ali Khan1*
...shes, respectively, with maturity for both flushes in around 63 days. In addition, its yield was higher than NM-2011, Dera Mung, and NM-98 by 21 %, 51 %, and 40 %, respectively. Cultivar Inqelab Mung may be recommended for planting in rain-fed conditions where the supply of water for the second and third irrigation is uncertain for farmers. In addition, through adding nitrogen via nodulation, it can also be intercropped with cotton as it can give fair yield wi...
Ahmed Rizk1, Gomaa Said Ramadan2*, Alaa Eldin Abdou3, Ossama Ahmed El-Weshahy1, Omer Sayed Rashed1
.... Body weight at sexual maturity (BWSM), age at sexual maturity (ASM), and egg production traits (EP) from 36 - 42 weeks of age were also applied. Our results showed that the average body weight for Tanta G-1 and Mamourah chicken strains was 866.45 grams and 558.75 grams in the first generation. In the second generation, the Tanta G-1 line’s body weight was 1006.50 grams against 555.10 grams for the Mamourah strain, w...
Muhammad Khalid Bhatti, Khalil Ahmed*, Ghulam Shabir, Muhammad Irfan, Muhammad Ashfaq Anjum, Muhammad Sarfraz, Amar Iqbal Saqib, Abdul Wakeel, Hafeezullah Rafa, Nadeem Iqbal, Muhammad Qaisar Nawaz, Ghulam Qadir, Muhammad Rizwan and Muhammad Faisal Nawaz
... weight were recorded at maturity while Na and K contents were determined in leaves. Overall results revealed that SRI-23 and SRI-28 showed better performance than all other genotypes and produced comparatively better plant height, shoot fresh/dry weight, root fresh/dry weight, 1000 grain weight, grain yield, with low leave’s Na and high K contents. On contrary, the performance of SRI-38 and SRI-24 was poor for these attributes. It was concluded that SRI...
Umair Faheem1*, Madiha Mobeen Khan2, Qurban Ali3, Muhammad Jamil4, Wajiha Anum2, Mashal Rehman2, Imran Akhtar2, Mussurrat Hussain1, Qaisar Abbas1, Ghayour Ahmad5 and Abrar Ahmad6
...n @ 400 ml/acre. At crop maturity, crop parameters like plant height (cm), number of silique per plant, yield loss in unsprayed blocks was compared to the yield of pesticide sprayed blocks. The yield components and yield in the insecticide free plots were much lower than that of insecticide sprayed plots which were kept aphid free. Maximum percentage reduction (14%) in plant height was observed on BRJ-9072, the silique per plant loss percentage was maximum on ...
Most. Shakila Sarmin1,2, Md. Ashekur Rahman1,2, Most. Farida Parvin2,3, Mst. Shefaly Khatun4, Kazi Ahsan Habib5, Wasim Sabbir6, Jun Ohtomi7 and Md. Yeamin Hossain1*
...ructure, growth pattern, maturity size (Lm), and optimum catchable size (Lopt) of Megalaspis cordyla. Fish were sampled (male = 720, female = 793) from commercial vessels operating in the Bay of Bengal (BoB), Bangladesh between January-December 2020. All lengths (TL, total; FL, fork; SL, standard length), were taken using a fish measuring board to 0.01 cm as well as a digital balance is used to weigh body weight (BW) to 0.01 g precision. The size structure (le...
K. Nasira, S. Shamim and F. Shahina†
...s richness, evenness and maturity index were used for monitoring
environmental conditions of each sampling site. The two indices viz., diversity index and maturity index were
lowest at sites, Jamesabad and Khesana Mori which can be considered as indications of stress at these sites.
...
A.E. Ismail† and A.M. Kheir*
...ach its peak at the crop maturity, while the
nematode population dropped sharply when the field became fallow. Likewise, the population densities of the
previous stages declined gradually even though in the presence of the non host crop (Meskawii Egyptian clover).
...
Malik Muhammad Yousaf1, Wali Muhammad1, Muhammad Mohsin Raza1*, Mumtaz Hussain1, Muhammad Jahangir Shah1, Bashir Ahamad1, Annum Sattar2, Hera Gull3, Sonia Sumreen4, Malik Waqar Yousaf5, Nazakat Nawaz6 and Nazim Hussain7
...er plant (NSPP), days to maturity (DM) and seed yield per plant (SYPP) were recorded. Estimates of heritability values were high in SYPP and DF ranged from 0.998 to 0.930, respectively, like all characters except DFI noted as 0.658 whereas genetic advance ranged between 16.3069 in the parameters i.e., NTPP and 1.4473 for the character of SYPP. Highest coefficient of variation (CV=11.53%) was estimated for SPL followed by SYPP (CV=8.04%), while minimum (CV=1.41...
Malik Muhammad Yousaf1, Wali Muhammad1, Muhammad Mohsin Raza1*, Mumtaz Hussain1, Muhammad Jahangir Shah1, Bashir Ahamad1, Annum Sattar2, Hera Gull3, Sonia Sumreen4, Malik Waqar Yousaf5, Nazakat Nawaz6 and Nazim Hussain7
...er plant (NSPP), days to maturity (DM) and seed yield per plant (SYPP) were recorded. Estimates of heritability values were high in SYPP and DF ranged from 0.998 to 0.930, respectively, like all characters except DFI noted as 0.658 whereas genetic advance ranged between 16.3069 in the parameters i.e., NTPP and 1.4473 for the character of SYPP. Highest coefficient of variation (CV=11.53%) was estimated for SPL followed by SYPP (CV=8.04%), while minimum (CV=1.41...
Tilahun Bekele* and Abebaw H. Georgis
...ctors except for days to maturity, plant height, and thousand seed weight. Based on the over-year combined analysis, the highest capsule number per plant (10.4), yield per plant (2.46), and total yield (703.9kg/ha) were noticed for the Darbera variety treated with a 15 kg/ha seed rate. The highest seed number per capsule (87.2) was also recorded for this treatment in the 2017 growing season. Essential oil (0.85 in 2017 and 0.65% in 2018) and oleoresin (29.4 in...
Idrees Ahmad1, Muhammad Jamil2*, Hafiz Muhammad Zia Ullah1, Saira Saleem1, Syed Ahtisham Masood3, Umair Faheem4, Imran Akhtar5, Muhammad Abdullah6, Abdul Majid Khan5 and Naeem Iqbal7
...-142 days from sowing to maturity. Thousand seed weight ranges from 5.10 to 5.23 grams. Its average stature is 157-171 cm and possesses tolerance against aphids and diseases especially Alternaria blight and White rust. It yielded the highest (2891 kg ha-1) at the NPK@ 80:40:40 level. The optimum yield was produced (1976 kg ha-1) when sown on 30th September. Its cultivation on a commercial scale will enhance the share of local edible oil production and will str...
Kainat Bibi1*, Sajjad Khan1, Zulfiqar Ali Gurmani1, Fahad Karim Awan1 and Sajid Ali2
...ore days to anthesis and maturity while more tillers, biological yield, grains yield and leaf area were recorded in inorganic treatments. Quality of organic produced wheat was comparatively better than inorganic wheat as more 13.67 % more crude protein and 2.41 % more crude fiber fat were recorded in organically grown wheat. Therefore, for high quality and environment safe production of wheat, organic fertilizer may be applied at recommended rates (compost 12 ...
Luqman1*, Zahid Hussain2, Tamana Bakht3, Fazli Wahab1, Miftah-ud-Din1, Haroon Khan2, Imran Shinwari1, Ata Ullah1, Liaqat Khan1 and Sara Hidayat4
...s except plant height at maturity (cm). Furthermore, the N-S sowing direction proved to be more effective in terms of weed control and enhancing the yield of onion crop. Among the weed control measures, hand weeding proved the best in terms of weed control and desirable onion yield. The weed fresh biomass was higher in the E-W sowing direction of onion crop (930 kg ha-1) than in the N-S sowing direction (631 kg ha-1). The weed biomass among the weed control tr...
Saqib Mehmood1, Bushra Allah Rakha1*, Muhammad Sajjad Ansari2, Ali Akhter1, Nadeem Munawar1 and Tariq Mahmood1
...amaged was calculated at maturity, tillering and sowing stage respectively. Ecological manipulation has resulted in remarkable reduction (P<0.05) in the density of rodents in treated areas compared to reference sites. Present study concluded that removing cover from field boundaries control rodent population in subsequent growing stages of crops....
Shazia Rasheed1,*, Ehsan Ullah Mengal1, Robina Manzoor2 and Azra Bano1
...s with a study of sexual maturity by gonadal development, fecundity and gonado-somatic uidex (GSI) of Portunus segnis from Balochistan, Pakistan. The size at sexual maturity attained by the study of gonads, showed that the smallest mature male had 76 mm short carapace width (SCW) in size and the largest male immature crab had 90 mm SCW. In case of female smallest mature crab had 70 mm SCW, while the largest immature cr...
Ahmed El-Sayed Ismail
...ach its peak at the crop maturity, while the nematode population dropped sharply when the field became fallow. Likewise, the population densities of the previous stages declined gradually, even in the presence of the non-host crop (Egyptian clover CV. Meskawii)....
Md. Abdullah Al-Mamun1,2, Al-Mamun2,3, Sanjay Kumar Mohanta2,3, Md. Farhan Tazim2,3, Mohammed Rashed Parvej 2,3, Md. Sharif Uddin2,3, Suman Barua1,2 and Liu Qun1*
...e information on size at maturity (Lm), peak spawning season, and sex ratio is crucial for sustainable management for fisheries production. Our study in mers of 655 Silver Pomfret, Pampus argenteus, 366 females and 289 males, collected monthly between February 2019 and January 2020, provides insight into the characteristics of size at sexual maturity, peak spawning season, and sex ratio of the species. Monthly variation in t...
Mehran Ali* and Inamullah
...corded for physiological maturity as well as physiology and yield of wheat crop. Different P levels also revealed the similar trend, 90 kg P ha-1 noted better phenology, physiology and yield of wheat, however keeping monetary and sustainability in consideration reduced P level (60 kg ha-1) was more convincing when explored under AM fungi application. Regarding P sources, co-application of SSP and PM in 50:50 ratio, performed comparatively better than the rest ...
Rahamdad Khan1, Saad Muhammad2, Muhammad Haroon3, Saad Jan1 and Syed Majid Rasheed1*
...duration could not reach maturity and complete their life cycles. P. hysterophorus has the potential to grow quickly and replace C. sativa under 9 hours of light duration, which is suitable for enhancing the medicinal value of C. sativa....
Nur-E-Farjana Ilah1, Md. Joynal Abedin2, Esmout Jahan Alice1, Taiba Akter Laboni1, Mst. Shahinur Khatun1, Most. Shakila Sarmin1, Md. Ashekur Rahman1, Obaidur Rahman1, Md. Akhtarul Islam1, Muhammad Ali Fardoush Siddquy3 and Md. Yeamin Hossain1*
...the size at first sexual maturity (Lm) was determined as 12.36 cm TL. The natural mortality (Mw) was calculated as 1.57 y-1. A major connection between KR and BW for this species, indicating that KR was an exceptionally significant in revealing the health of A. atropos. Thereafter, a high condition rating (KF, KA, and KR) indicates that the species is in short and deep shape. This study found that the habitat was in a state of equilibrium and the mean WR indic...
Salma Sharif1, Rana Arsalan Javaid2*, Abid Majeed2, Muhammad Shahzad Ahmed2, Qurat ul Ain Sani2, Faiza Siddique2, Muhammad Arshad3 and Niaz Ali1
...days to heading, days to maturity, plant height, number of tillers, panicle length, flag leaf area, leaf length, culm length, culm diameter, number of grains per panicle, grain length, grain diameter, chlorophyll content, net differential vegetation index, thousand grain weight and grain yield. The overall mean for Grain yield ranged from 1.71 tons/ha to 6.18 tons/ha. Grand mean of all genotypes for Grain yield was 4.1 tons/ha. Maximum Grain yield was observed...
Syed Majid Rasheed1*, Tauseef Ali1, Saad Jan1, Faiz ur Rehman2, Muhammad Ali Shah3, Zahid Hussain1 and Abdul Waheed4
...for high yield and early maturity in a randomized complete block design. Highly significant differences were observed for most traits, except stem diameter and marketable fruit diameter. Among genotypes, G10 flowered earliest (41.5 days), G22 had longest internodes (3.59cm), G16 had heaviest fruits (9.65g), and G14 had longest and thickest marketable fruits (13.8 cm, 1.74cm). Combing ability analysis revealed that non-additive gene action was involved in contr...
Pankaj Gargotra1, Judith Betsy C1*, Cheryl Antony2 and Stephen Sampath Kumar J3
...cal observation, maximum maturity of L. thermalis was obtained when fed with diet incorporated with 200 mg/kg vitamin E. All the treatments recorded higher mean estimated growth and maturation parameters when compared to control and were significantly different (p<0.05). The results obtained were statistically analysed using One way ANOVA following Duncan multiple range test in SPSS- 22.0 to compare the significant differences in growth parameters among all...
Muhammad Qazzafi Khan1, Iqtidar Hussain1, Ejaz Ahmad Khan1, Sara Zafar2*, Zuhair Hasnain3* and Moneeza Abbas4
...nd sub plots. On days to maturity, the data were kept, spike length, grains/spike, 1000-grain weight and yield. The interaction between planting dates and types has a considerable impact on wheat grain production and its characteristics. Wheat varieties Lalma-2013 and Chakwal-50 produced highest yield on Nov. 10th sowing with minimum reduction in grain yield as 2.6% and 1.2% respectively on Nov.20th sowing. The Lalma-2013 and Chakwal-50 could be the best varie...
Aziz Ahmed1*, Anila Naz Soomro2, Muhammad Ramzan Ali1, Muhammad Aleem Khan1 and Hasina Basharat1
...s were selected based on maturity approaches and collected sperm samples were diluted in the ratio of 1:30 fold media and divided into different aliquots before applying them to in vitro fertilization. It was clear from the results of the current study that, the commercially available activation media C showed a highest significant effect on percent sperm motility i.e., 89.66%±2.88, motility interval 300sec±2.67%, Viability: 74.48±0.39% an...
Qun Lu1,4, Yang Zhou1, Hangyu Lin1,4, Zhong tang He1, Feifan Ma1, Yonghua Zheng1,2, Hongyu Tang1,2 and Tao He1,2,3*
... reach the age of sexual maturity. The linear discriminant analysis of otolith shape-index analysis can effectively distinguish the otolith shape of the two kinds of fish. The highest content of five chemical elements in otolith is Ca, and the other four elements are Mg, Sr, Ba, and Mn in turn. The results of one-way ANOVA show that, the molar ratio of each element to calcium (Mg/Ca, Ba/Ca, Sr/Ca and Mn/Ca) showed that there was significant difference between ...
Ndubuisi Chinedu Adikuru1*, Paul Inyang2, Abraham Agwu Ngwuta1, Chinyere Prisca Anyanwu1 and Rosemond Adaohuru Alagba1
...d silking (ASI), time to maturity and time to filling of grains were measured. Other parameters measured were the rows of grain per cob, grains per row, grains per cob, 100 seed weight and grain yield. Results showed difference in the time of occurrence of maize developmental stages (flowering and maturity) between the years (2010 and 2011). This was attributed to inter-annual variability in climatic factors within the study...
Muhammad Ather Nadeem1, Bilal Ahmad Khan1, Sadia Afzal2, Hasnain Abbas3, Muhammad Khuram Dar3, Muhammad Ehsan Safdar1, Ishtiaq Hassan4, Muhammad Asif1, Muhammad Adnan1, Amir Aziz5
...erent allelochemicals at maturity which have potential to act as natural weed killer in different crops. Phytotoxic effect of poppy (P. somniferum) was examined on emergence and initial seedling growth of red rice (Oryza punctate L.). Aqueous extract of different plant parts (leaves, stem and flower) was used at various concentrations (0.25%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 4% and 8%) along with distilled water as control. The aqueous extracts of leaves, stem and flower of P. s...
Zia Ur Rahman1*, Naveed Ahmad1, Adnan Ahmad2, Hammad Ud Din1 and Fazli Amin1
...to flowering and days to maturity, among the tested Sesame varieties at a significance level of (P < 0.01). Similarly, significant effect was also observed for seed yield and other yield attributing traits. Numerically, the top-performing Sesame varieties in terms of seed yield were Till-18 (11 qt/ha), TS-3 (10.3 qt/ha), and DM-14 (10 qt/ha), and they are recommended for the specific community and its vicinity. None the less, further studies are needed, inc...
Guenaoui Mohamed1*, Khelil Sofiane Raouf2, Berrani Abdelkader3
...therefore ensuring early maturity of females. For egg quality, dietary supplementation with 10% sunflower oil affects positively the weight of eggs, yolk, and albumen without any effect on the rate of these later. On the other hand, the laying rate was not affected by the type of diet. However, the addition of sunflower oil can improve the shape index, haugh unit, and the yolk color score. Dietary sunflower oil supplementation at 10% improves the laying perfor...
Afra Siab1, Saif Ullah Khan1, Anwar Ali1, Nowsherwan Zarif1, Basheer Ahmad1, Salman Ahmad1
...ling the farm trees upon maturity by the framers is Rs 236954 / annum. The study suggests that technical guidance is more important because farmers have no idea which species to plant and how to plant, that can lead to more production. The study also recommends to solve the sale problems, that is wood based industries be established in the rural area to make the efficient use of wood grown on farmlands....
Asad Abbas Khan1, Amina Batool2, Muhammad Aslam1, Muhammad Ehtesham Asghar3, Abdul Ghafoor1 and Muhammad Arif1
...egetative, flowering and maturity of grasses was analyzed statistically by ANOVA using RCBD. Significant results were observed among selected grass species in terms of biomass production and growth potential and revealed that Cynmbopogan distans (Chita) grass showed higher morphological growth in comparison to other grasses at all growth stages however Cenchrus ciliarus (Dhaman) grass showed minimum growth. While, Pennisetum purpureum (Nap...
Asad Abbas Khan1, Amina Batool2, Muhammad Aslam1, Muhammad Ehtesham Asghar3, Abdul Ghafoor1 and Muhammad Arif1
...egetative, flowering and maturity of grasses was analyzed statistically by ANOVA using RCBD. Significant results were observed among selected grass species in terms of biomass production and growth potential and revealed that Cynmbopogan distans (Chita) grass showed higher morphological growth in comparison to other grasses at all growth stages however Cenchrus ciliarus (Dhaman) grass showed minimum growth. While, Pennisetum purpureum (Nap...
Tanvir Hussain
...ydroponic conditions for maturity. For this purpose MS (Full-strength, 1/2, 1/4), B.N.M and Hooglands solution were used. It was researched out that 1/4 MS (pH 5.8) and B.N.M. (pH 5.8) gave excellent results. The study concluded that water hyacinth can be cultured and established in-situ by using usual techniques and methodologies of tissue culture....
Amjad Ali Ch., Tariq Mahmood, Shahzad Fazal and Nowsherwan Zarif
...o determine influence of maturity on chemical composition of Buffel grass (Cenchrus ciliaris Linn.), Bluepanic (Panicum antidotale), Pennisetum orientale and Setaria sphacelata. The experiment was laid at Punjab Forestry Research Institute, Faisalabad on sandy loam soil. The experimental design was completely randomized with four replications. Grasses were established by planting tuft splits in 1x3 m plots at 0.3x0.3 m spacing. No f...
Nasreen Fatimah Rao, Muhammad Tahir Laeeq and Kanwar Muhammad Suleman
...ge of 8 years because of maturity of the tree crops. Leaf area/girth ratio decreased from 2 years to 8 years. Leaf area, age and spacing explained about 84.5 percent of total variation in the girth of the trees....
S. M. A. Shah, A. Razzaq and M. T. Younis
...her at various stages of maturity had earlier been studied for a number of physical characteristics (14). The series were now investigated for major chemical
characteristics. Their hollocellulose, a-cellulose, lignin, pentosan and contents were determined. Also, losses due to alcohol-benzene solubility, a-hydrolysis, B-hydrolysis and acid purification were examined in these samples....
Taj Ali Wazir and S. M. A. Shah
...war at various stages of maturity, were examined for a number of physical characteristics. A number of different methods of retting were investigated to get at the optimum procedure. The anatomical characteristics, length, diameter and ratio of length to diameter of the ultimate fibers were evaluated. The effects of stage of harvesting, methods of retting, different levels of relative humidity, and anatomical characteristics on the strength of the filaments we...
Moin Uddin Ahmad and S. A. Qadir Dr.
...s. Community attributes, maturity and homogeneity of every stand were studied. 10
communities were recognized on the basis of physiognomy, floristic composition and importance value index....
Maqsood Anwar, Shah Khalid and Naveed Akhtar1*
... from 0.67 to 0.97 while maturity index ranged from 39.6 to 67.7. Based on
Raunkiaer’s law of frequency, out of 20 weed communities, 13 communities were found
heterogeneous, while, other 7 were homogeneous. Maximum numbers of weed species were
distributed in frequency class A, B and E. The heterogeneity of weed communities shows
that the area is under heavy biotic pressure. It was concluded that a variety o...
Nematode Community Structure in Musa acuminata Colla (Lakatan) Farms with Continuous Cropping System
Baby Nhor K. Ambel1*, Nneka Djen A. Matandog1, Neil Pep Dave N. Sumaya2, Florence Roy P. Salvaña1, Bryan Lloyd P. Bretaña1 and Ma. Teodora N. Cabasan1*
Atyab Amjad1*, Riaz-Ur-Rehman1, Muhammad Shafique Khalid2, Samia Ikram1, Riaz Bukhari1, Muhammad Shafique3 and Muhammad Luqman4
...ameters were measured at maturity. Results demonstrated that variety Crystal Blanco exhibited the greatest plant height (86.9 cm) under green shade netting. This cultivar also produced the thickest stems (8.4 mm) under both shade lath house and green netting conditions. Additionally, Crystal Blanco displayed the largest leaf area (153.9 cm²) when grown in polyethylene tunnels. The maximum number of leaves per plant (38) was observed for Crystal Blanco cul...
Umm-e-Kulsoom1, Saima Hashim2, Fazli Wahid3, Haseena Gulzar4 and Tamana Bakht5
...esting potato fields. At maturity, the seeds of these weeds were collected and the major trees that were found on the sides of nearly all potato fields were identified as Juglans sp, Cedrus sp, and Pinus sp. The bark, stem and leaves of these species (donor plants) were collected and stored. After drying, the plant materials were grinded. The powder of each species and each part were soaked separately at 100 g per liter and 150 g per liter to get two different...
Huzaifa Hammad1, Bakhtiar Gul1, Haroon Khan1, Muhammad Fawad1*, Hafizullah2, Haidar Ali3 and Tamana Bakht4
... tasseling, silking, and maturity, plant height, fresh weed biomass, dry weed biomass, weed species composition, biological yield, thousand grain weight, grain yield, harvest index and cost benefit ratio. The results showed that both the herbicides (Atrazine and Stomp 300 EC) were effective in weed control having lowest fresh weed biomass of 29.31 and 32.65 kg ha-1, respectively. Maximum biological yield (8309.7 kg ha-1) was recorded in cowpea as living mulch ...
Kouakou Yadom Yao François-Regis*, Kra Kouamé Daniel and Atta Diallo Hortense
...ng leaves, regardless of maturity or plant phenology. Under these conditions, the efficacy of each leaf type is unknown. This study aimed to identify the maturity level of castor leaves that exhibit the highest nematicidal activity against okra root-knot nematodes. Aqueous extracts of five types of castor leaves were prepared. These were immature (ILV) and mature (MLV) leaves from vegetative plants and immature (ILF) and mat...
Al-Moataz Bellah Mahfouz Shaarawy1, Mahmoud Yassin Mohamed1*, Mahmoud Sayed Sayah2,1, Ashraf Ali Mehany1, Ezzat Arafa Ahmed El-Beltagi1, Shimaa M. Ali1
...in the 3rd group reached maturity earlier (about 50d and 63d) and recorded heavier body weights (about 35 kg and 55 kg) of both males and females, respectively. Also, sexual activity, semen characteristics and testosterone levels for bulls developed earlier than the 1st group. Heifers in the same group were superior in reproductive performance such as reaching puberty, and fertility compared to other groups. The 3rd group showed the highest concentrations of s...
Farhan Anjum1*, Sheraz Ahmad Khan1, Raees Muhammad2, Yousaf Jamal1, Durrishahwar1, Jawad Ali Shah1 and Hidayat Ullah1*
...the exception of days to maturity, there were highly significant differences among the maize genotypes for almost all traits. Genotype ‘Saleem Khan-2’ had the maximum days to tasseling, whereas the ‘Bamkhel-2’ genotype had the shortest. The genotypes ‘CIMMYT Yellow’ and ‘Saleem Khan-2’ took the maximum number of days to silking, while ‘Bamkhel-2’ had the minimum days. Genotype ‘Eidhi’ had ...
Pankaj Gargotra1*, C. Judith Betsy1 and J. Stephen Sampath Kumar2
...in improving its growth, maturity, and spawning. According to the findings of this study, Se is a crucial mineral impacting the capacity of L. thermalis to develop in captivity. Mn and Zn, on the other hand, may boost the loach’s capacity to develop and reproduce. Dietary additions of Mn, Se, and Zn to the diet of loaches at rates of 10 mg/kg, 0.35 mg/kg, and 10 mg/kg resulted in the best growth performance, whereas dietary additions of Mn, Se, and Zn at...
Dietary Habits of Indian Gerbil Tatera indica Inhabiting Agro-Ecosystem of Pothwar Plateau, Pakistan
Anum Razzaq*, Tariq Mahmood, Ammara Saman, Ammara Baig, Nadeem Munawar and Muhammad Farooq
... as the crops approached maturity, wild flora (viz: herbs, grasses, seeds and tubers) invariably amongst crop stages and seasons. During spring season, wheat was the most frequently consumed cereal. But during winter, as groundnut crop approached towards maturity/harvested, gerbils consumed mainly nuts and grains, while in autumn and summer (non-crop periods), the rat species switched its diet to wild flora, and consumed mos...
