Lei Chen, Ling Zhu, Zhi-Wen Xu, Wan-Zhu Guo
Molecular Genetics of Aichivirus C (Porcine Kobuvirus) in China
...virus genus within the Picornaviridae family and is widely distributed in both healthy and diarrheic pigs from China. Due to the high detection rate in the severe diarrhea in China, Aichivirus C is thought to be a potential pathogeny of pig diarrhea. The review represented the discovery of Aichivirus C in China, and made a brief summary about molecular and epidemiology characterizations of Chinese Aichivirus C strains. Mutiple Aichivirus C strains and Aichivir...
Muhammad Arif1, Fazal Jalal1, Mohammad Tariq Jan1, Dost Muhammad2
...iments were conducted on corn crop at the research farm of the University of Agriculture Peshawar, during 2011-2013. Wheat-maize-wheat cropping pattern was followed with the adjustment of legumes in summer gap (land available after wheat harvest till maize sowing). Legumes i.e. mungbean, cowpea and sesbania with a fallow were adjusted in the summer gap with and without biochar application. Biochar was applied at the rate of 0 and 50 t ha-1 with four N levels o...
Sungil Kim1, Muhammad Riaz2, Amjad Farooq3 and Sungkwon Park4*
...d to 2 diets including a corn-based control diet and control plus 9% DDGS. After 105 d administration of experimental diets, growth performance, pork quality traits, and fatty acid composition in loin were analyzed. No significant difference in growth performance and quality traits of pork loin between control and DDGS was observed. Fatty acid composition in pork belly, however, was significantly affected by DDGS treatment. Levels of palmitoleic acid (C16:1) a...
Adel Eid Mohamed Mahmoud*
...basis) to replace yellow corn and wheat bran in the concentrate feed mixtures on digestibility, blood and ruminal parameters, growth performance, meat analysis and feed intake of growing lambs. Fifty one Barki lambs with body weight of 30±0.57 kg; in three groups (17 animals, each). Experimental rations were composed of concentrate and clover hay in a 60:40 concentrate: roughage ratio.There was no effect of bakery by-products inclusion on nutrients dige...
Muhammad Noor, Hidayat ur Rahman and Muhammad Iqbal
...ht parameters in four popcorn populations. Broad sense heritability estimates varied from 0.69 to 0.76, while narrow sense ranged from 0.38 to 0.69. Maximum broad sense heritability estimate of 0.84 was observed in cross-II for days to anthesis. Minimum narrow sense heritability of 0.46 was calculated in cross-III for plant height. Plant height exhibited high estimates of broad sense heritability estimates (0.69 to 0.85). Similarly, narrow sense heritability r...
A. Hamid1,*, M. Ilyas2 and S. Kalsoom3
Zaheer Abbas*, Shaukat Ali, Jalal-Ud-Din and Ghulam M. Ali*
...gn: justify;">Four elite corn inbred lines were evaluated for susceptibility to Agrobacterium infection by investigating different parameters such as embryo physiological age, co-cultivation period, addition of L-cysteine in co-cultivation medium, heat shock to immature embryos prior to infection, resting stage and Agrobacterium strains that deliver T-DNA into plant cell from which whole plant can be regenerated. The results indicated that optimal embryo physi...
Jiandong Wu, Miao Ye and Zaigui Wang*
...of total flavonoids from corn silk, and the anti-hyperlipidemic activities was analyzed in rabbits by feeding experiment. Firstly, the high extraction yield (5.32 mg·g-1) of total flavonoids were obtained under the optimal extraction conditions, which are 80°C for 3 h with corn silk over 60% ethanol ratio of 1:30. Then, the AB-8 resin was selected for the purification of flavonoids due to the higher sta...
Pei-feng Yin1,2,Xiu-xiu Li1,Qi-wei Zeng3, Cheng-chen Shen1, Le Gao1 andJian-zhang Ton2,*
...n mulberry.
...
Qingying Jia1, Hui Wang1, Tianhong Wang1, Na Dong1, Shuguang Ren1,2, Xiaolong Yang1, Jingze Liu1,* and Zhijun Yu1,3,*
...ck Haemaphysalis longicornis is of great medical and veterinary importance, and can transmit a great diversity of pathogens. The current study investigated the effects of temperature on reproductive fitness of the engorged H. longicornis, results indicated that the engorged H. longicornis could survive all treatments at 0°C and 4°C, and pre-ovipositon periods w...
Tahira Kamal1*, Saeed-Ul-Hassan Khan2, Amir Bin Zahoor3, Khalid Naeem3, Muhammad Naeem Riaz1, Siddra Tayyab Akhtar4, Ghulam Muhammad Ali1*
...a RNA virus, member of Picornaviridae. It has seven serotypes with no cross protection among these. FMD is responsible for heavy economic losses in cattle and buffalo. So rapid and accurate diagnosis of FMD is uttermost need of this time. Several lab.techniques are developed for rapid detection of FMD but these are expensive and time consuming. Elisa, cell culture, Reverse Transcriptase (RT-PCR) and real time PCR need specific high quality equipments in lab. W...
María Magdalena Crosby-Galván1, Bernardino Espinoza-Velasco1 and Mónica Ramirez-Mella2,*
...uminants elaborated with corn stover, corn grain and soybean meal, and three experimental diets with 10, 20 and 30% dry residue of chihua pumpkin instead of corn stover. Dry matter digestibility and gas production was determined at 24 h of incubation in ruminal fluid obtained from two Holstein cows with a ruminal cannula. Randomized block experimental design was used as and a comparison of...
Abdur Rehman1*, Wang Jian2, Noor Khan3 and Raheel Saqib3
...oarse grain rice, wheat, corn, cotton and soybean are determined using the VaR (Value at Risk) model. The practical consequences indicated that the normal distribution model is not appropriate used in evaluating the major crops market risk due to various degrees of market risk in various crops such as the cotton and soybean crops with higher levels of market risk, while the coarse grain rice with the medium risk level and finally the c...
Muhammad Anwar Iqbal1, Habib Rehman2, Ali Hussain3,*, Faiza Jabeen4, Ijaz Ahmad2, Kamran Ashraf5, Muhammad Irshad Arshad6 and Omaima Khan7
Xiaqing Chen, Yü Huang and Zhen Huang*
...sease named as “popcorn disease”. Many Trichoderma spp. produce a series of antibiotic metabolites that can inhibit plant pathogens. Trichoderma hamatum isolated from infected mulberry fruits was evaluated for its efficiency to suppress plant pathogen S. shiraiana alone or in combination with fungicide carbendazim under laboratory conditions. The results showed that S. shiraiana was not detected on mulberry l...
Dan Yü, Chuchu Li, Yü Huang and Zhen Huang*
...icides in controlling popcorn disease of mulberry.
... 
Shagufta Naz*, Saima Sharif, Hafsa Badar, Syeda Fareeha Tauheed
...y MCD.
...
Phong Huy Pham
Nesting biology of a spider wasp Auplopus sp. (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) in Vietnam
...f A. sp. was on the wall corners or on the foundation of a desert house. The nest was constructed with a single row or two rows of 3 - 6 exposed mud cells, one of which was open. Each closured cell was provisioned with a single prey spider whose legs were amputated. The prey spiders were immatures of a species of the genus Heteropoda, family Sparassidae. Developmental time of egg, larva, pre-pupa, pupa, and pre-adult was 6 - 7, 13 - 14, 5 - 7, 41 - 43, and 3 -...
Studies on amylase and lipase activity in fishes fed with diet containing different feed ingredients
Mirfa Murtaza1, Sajid Abdullah1, Wardah Hassan1*, Khalid Abbas1, Huma Naz1, Muhammad Anjum Zia2
Studies on amylase and lipase activity in fishes fed with diet containing different feed ingredients
...ond aquarium were fed on corn gluten @ 3 %
of their wet biomass for 70 days. Results showed that fish wet weight varied significantly between the rice polish and
corn gluten fed fishes. The corn gluten fed fish showed significantly better growth performance than fish fed with rice
polish. The activity of amylase and lipase was higher in all fish species fed with
of their wet biomass for 70 days. Results showed that fish wet weight varied significantly between the rice polish and
corn gluten fed fishes. The corn gluten fed fish showed significantly better growth performance than fish fed with rice
polish. The activity of amylase and lipase was higher in all fish species fed with
Saima Naz*, Adil Ali Rajpar, Abdul Hameed Chandio
New Records of some Phthiraptera (chewing lice) of birds from urban areas of Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan
...se crow; Anaticola crassicornis (Scopoli, 1763) from wild
goose; Brueelia nebulosa (Burmeister, 1838) and M. eurysternus (Burmeister, 1838) from common myna and bank
myna; Neopsittaconirmus lybartota (Ansari, 1947) from Indian Parakeet; Degeeriella regalis (Giebel, 1866) from black
kite. All were new records from Hyderabad. Bank myna was recorded as new host for M. eurysternus and black kite
was reported first time harbouring Degeer...
goose; Brueelia nebulosa (Burmeister, 1838) and M. eurysternus (Burmeister, 1838) from common myna and bank
myna; Neopsittaconirmus lybartota (Ansari, 1947) from Indian Parakeet; Degeeriella regalis (Giebel, 1866) from black
kite. All were new records from Hyderabad. Bank myna was recorded as new host for M. eurysternus and black kite
was reported first time harbouring Degeer...
Haniya Mazhar1, Naaz Abbas2, Zahid Hussain3, Amir Sohail4, Syed Shahid Ali4*
Extracellular lipase production from Bacillus subtilis using agro-industrial waste and fruit peels
... U/ml, respectively. The corn cob produced 12.27 U/ml while waste oils of various industries produced 16.17 U/ml (Shan oil), 13.67 U/ml (automobile), 13.37 U/ml (unbranded waste cooking oil) and 6.03 U/ml (Sitara oil) of enzyme activity when used as substrate for lipase production. It is concluded that among the agro-industrial wastes, fruit peels and waste oil samples used in this study, the maximum lipase production was observed with soya bean meal, banana p...
Mohsin Arshad1, Muhammad Irfan*2, Asad-Ur-Rehman1, Muhammad Nadeem3, Zile Huma3, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir4, Quratulain Syed3
Optimization of medium and substrate for CMCase production by Bacillus subtilis-BS06 in submerged fermentation and its applications in saccharification
...ted
soybean meal, corn cobs and wheat bran were exploited for CMCase production
using different media (medium 1 (M1), medium II (M-II), medium III (M-III) &
medium IV (M-IV)).Of all these tested substrates, sugarcane bagasse was found to
be the most suitable substrate for CMCase production. The effect of shaking on the
production of CMCase demonstrated that sugarcane bagasse gave maximum
CMCase activity (8.0 &plusm...
soybean meal, corn cobs and wheat bran were exploited for CMCase production
using different media (medium 1 (M1), medium II (M-II), medium III (M-III) &
medium IV (M-IV)).Of all these tested substrates, sugarcane bagasse was found to
be the most suitable substrate for CMCase production. The effect of shaking on the
production of CMCase demonstrated that sugarcane bagasse gave maximum
CMCase activity (8.0 &plusm...
Farkhanda Asad1*, Samina Qamer1, Tayyaba Ali1, Ammara Behzad1 and Tahira Yasmin2
...ized and non-gelatinized corn in Cirrhinusmrigala fingerlings for 90 days. Using various levels of chromium chloride hexahydrate six test dietsdesignated as; T1(G/0.0, CrCl3.6H2O mg Kg-1), T2(NG/0.0, CrCl3.6H2O mg Kg-1), T3(G/0.2, CrCl3.6H2O mg Kg-1), T4(NG/0.2, CrCl3.6H2O mgKg-1), T5 (G/0.4, CrCl3.6H2O mg Kg-1) and T6(NG/0.4, CrCl3.6H2O mg Kg-1) were prepared. Results showed highest apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of nutrientsdry matter, crude lipid ...
Muhammad Kashif Maan1, Ghulam Mustafa1, Munibullah2 and Sajid Umar2,*
... plaque formation on the cornea and sclera and papilloma formation on the lateral limbus of eye. The tumors were large and usually protruded through the palpebral fissure and infiltrate the entire eye ball. Diagnosis was made based upon the clinical and histopathological examination of the tumor sample. In all cases, tumor resection was performed followed by cauterization of the remaining surface with silver nitrate. No postoperative complications or local rec...
Farheen Shaikh*, Saima Naz, Nadir Ali Birmani
...nd 22.87% Menacanthus cornutus belongs to family Menoponidae. The results revealed high infestation found in birds of rural localities. The present study will help to understand host-parasite interaction in study area.
...
Kalimullah Khan1,*, Hafsa Zaneb2, Zia Ur Rehman3, Hamza Maris4 and Habib ur Rehman1
...s were supplemented with corn-based diet. On day 35, birds were slaughtered to determine the relative weights of heart, liver, kidneys, spleen, gizzard and intestines. Results showed that supplementation of phytase enzymes affected the weight and length of small intestine and feed conversion ratio (FCR) and did not affect the other zoo technical variables like body weight, feed consumption, and weight gain during the whole experimental period. Application of p...
Wen Chao Liu1,2, Kwan Sik Yun3 and In Ho Kim2,*
... dietary treatments were corn-soybean meal-based diets and supplemented with 0, 0.05, 0.10 and 0.15% 1,3-DAG, respectively. During d 1-14, with increasing the dietary 1,3-DAG levels from 0 to 0.15%, the body weight gain (BWG) was improved (linear, P<0.01), whereas the feed conversion ratio (FCR) was decreased (linear, P<0.01). During d 14-28, dietary supplementation of graded level of 1,3-DAG improved the BWG (linear, P<0.05) and decreased the FCR (li...
Umar Farooq Gohar1, Hamid Mukhtar1,*, Ali Nawaz1, Ikram-ul-Haq1 and Asad Mehmmood2
...aker’s flour, 1.5; corn meal, 2; Methyl oleate, 1.6; calcium carbonate, 0.3 and ammonium sulphate, 0.1. The cultural conditions such as incubation temperature (30°C), pH (6.5) and inoculum size and age (2%, w/v, 48 h) were optimized. The maximum cephalosporin production was achieved after 144 h of incubation. The dry mycelial mass was found to be 39.46 mg/ml. The antimicrobial activity was assessed by disc diffusion method. Cephalosporin production w...
Muhammad Sohail1*, Asad Sultan2, Said Sajjad Ali Shah3, Muhammad Sajid1 and Adnan Khan4
...ore than that of both of corn (8.21 and 8.05% respectively) and sorghum varieties (10.41% and 9.89% respectively). The bioavailability of crude protein was higher in maize followed by wheat and sorghum. The phytic acid contents were found highest in both varieties of sorghum (0.85% and 0.87% respectively) as compared to the wheat varieties (0.78 % and 0.80%) and corn varieties (0.72 % and 0.71 respectively). Retention and di...
Lichao Feng1,2, Shaoqing Zhang4, Dianyuan Chen2, Sina Adl3 and Donghui Wu1,4*
...nated between flower and corn growth stages in the field because food resources and foraging behaviors stimulated and restrained the acquisition of supplemental nutrients as a strategy for reproduction. To evaluate their food choices, wireworm were exposed to different types of plants associated with their farmland habitat, as follows: mixed pollen and nectar of flowers (Erigeron annuus, Trifolium repens, Heteropappus hispidus, Pot...
Mohsen M. El-Sherbiny1,2,*, Reny P. Devassy1, Erinn M. Muller3, Abdulmohsin A. Al-Sofyani1 and Ali M. Al-Aidaroos1
...s, Lucicutia flavicornis, Pleuromamma indica and Haloptilus longicornis).
...
Usman Zubair1*, Anjum Shehzad2, Muhammad Ishaque Mastoi3 and Khalid Mahmood1
...nd Kashmir while D. longicornis is a new record from Pakistan and Azad Jammu and Kashmir. ...
Adel E.M. Mahmoud1, AdamCieślak2, Paulina Szulc2, Anna Łukomska3 and Małgorzata Szumacher-Strabel2,*
... complete replacement of corn grains by dried sugar beet pulp on rumen parameters. The yellow corn was substituted by dried sugar beet pulp at 25 (D1), 50 (D2), 75 (D3), and 100% (D4). Results of chemical composition analyses indicated that DM, OM, ash and CP contents did not differ among treatments. Crude fiber content increased linearly with increased dried sugar beet pulp percentage in rations, with significant difference...
Chen-Yu Sun, Wen-Chao Liu*, Mei Xiao, Zhi-Hui Zhao and Li-Long An*
... dietary treatments were corn-soybean meal-based diets and supplemented with 0, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg betaine, respectively. During d 1-14, with increasing the dietary betaine levels from 0 to 2000 mg/kg, the BWG was improved (quadratic, P<0.05), whereas the FCR was decreased (linear, P<0.01). During d 14-28, dietary supplementation of graded level of betaine had no significant effects on BWG, feed intake and FCR (P>0.05). Overall (d 1-28), there w...
Muhammad Suleman1,*, Abu ul Hassan Faiz2, Muhammad Shahbaz2 and Ayesha Riaz3
...xylanase production than corn cobs and sugarcane baggasse. Maximum xylanase production was observed at 30°C with pH 5.6. Molecular mass of the purified xylanase was found to be 27.2 KDa by SDS-PAGE. Total protein present in crude enzyme was calculated as 188 mg/ml. Crude xylanase showed specific activity of 41.22 IU/mg protein. Partially purified xylanase showed protein content of 80.6 mg/ml. The novelty of this study is basic sources used are indigenous a...
Sabbah M. Allam, T.M. El-Bedawy, M.H. Bakr and A.E.M. Mahmoud*
...% substitution of yellow corn grains (R1, R2, R3 and R4, respectively). Digestion trail was conducted in the last week of the experiment using Acid Insoluble Ash method. Feces samples were taken and analyzed in the same day for Salmonella spp. and E. coli and blood samples for analysis were taken from the subcutaneous abdominal vein. The experimental rations were almost identical in chemical composition. Results of nutrient digestibility and...
Nazish Mazhar Ali1, Asma Ashraf 2*, Iram Liaqat2, Bushra Mazhar2, Shaukat Ali2 and Saiqa Andleeb3
... samples were taken from corneal eye infections. The collection of samples was done from “Layton Rehmat Eye Hospital, Township Lahore”. Isolated bacterial pathogens were identified on the basis of morphological and various biochemical tests. Morphologcal tests included different staining procedures includng Gram’s staining and Endospore staining. Identification of pathogenic bacterial isolates was confirmed by growing on selective mediu...
Mubasshir Sohail1,2,*, Raza Muhammad1 and Qadeer Ahmed Soomro1
... cerealella. Bervicornye brassicae was performed well than A. nerii but was found least successful as compared to eggs of S. cerealella. Both aphid species were significantly good in performance when fed to C. carnea larvae with S. cerealella eggs than their solo effect. Results depicted that mortality factor and life parameters of C. carnea larvae are influenced by its prey type which they fed on. These results of...
Muhammad Khaled Siddiq1, Fatima Yousuf Dar1,M. Akbar Khan1, Muhammad Adeeb Babar1,*, Sayyed Ghyour Abbas1, Asra Ghaus1, Musdassir Iqbal1 and Muhammad Akhtar2
... Kobus porrecticornis, Reduncini gen. et sp. indet. Antilope sp., Sivatragus cf. bohlini, Damalops sp., Caprinae gen. indet. (aff. Capricornis) roylei. These new findings allowed to calibrate the exact stratigraphic position of the species. Sivatragus bohlini, previouslyrecovered from the Upper Siwaliks, and difficult to date. Moreover, antelopes are documented f...
Azra1* and Shaukat Hussain2
... epiphytotic of southern corn leaf blight during Kharif season 2015 and 2016 to find out new sources of genetic resistance in maize genotypes against southern corn leaf blight. The experiment was laid out as randomized complete block design with three replications. Data on disease severity and grain yield were recorded. There were not significant differences in disease severity among maize genotypes for individual years. How...
Tahsin Razzaq*, Muhammad Fareed Khan and Shahid Iqbal Awan
Chaman Ara1*, Asmatullah1, Zainab Riaz1, Memoona1, Asma Chaudhary2, Shagufta Andleeb2
...ric orally, dissolved in corn oil, used as vehicle too. Dissections were made on 31st day, twenty-four hours after the last dose administration. Results showed that continuous administration of butyl paraben (BP) had decreased the organs weight as compared to control. Regarding biochemical parameters results had shown an increased enzymatic level of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and a significan...
Manzoor1*, Ahmad Khan1, Amir Sohail2, Shahzad Ali1, Fawad Ali Shah3, Junaid Iqbal3, Muhammad Owais Khan4 and Sultan Nawaz4
Saman Muhsin Abdulkareem* and Nadir Mustafa Nanakali
...y by gavage dissolved in corn oil for 90 days. At the end of the study, animals were sacrificed and their liver were removed for biochemical analysis including the level of oxidative stress biomarkers, liver enzymes, and the expression of CYP1A1 gene. The results of this study indicated that exposure to TCDD (10µg/kg/day) could significantly increase liver oxidative stress biomarkers and serum liver enzymes (p<0.05). While, pre and post treatme...
Syed Basit Rasheed*, Ahmad Yar, Farrah Zaidi and Qaisar Jamal
...trechina (P. longicornis) and Polyrachis (Po. hauxwelli) while subfamily Dolichoderinae was represented by a single species i.e. Tapinoma melanocephalum. The current study reports one subfamily (Dolichoderinae) seven genera (Cataglyphis, Cremotogaster, Monomorium, Messor, Pheidole, Polyrachis and Tapinoma) with 13 species representing new country records for Pakistan.
...
Asad Ali Khaskheli1*, Gulfam Ali Mughal1, Muhammad Ibrahim Khaskheli2, Gul Bahar Khaskheli3, Allah Jurio Khaskheli2 and Arshad Ali Khaskheli1
...2.10%), Haloxylon salicornicum (61.19%), Cordia sinensis Linn. (56.66%) and Suaeda fruticosa (54.84%) did not vary to each other and found significantly high from that of Salvadora oleiodes and comparatively low from that of Calligonum polygonoides. Nitrogen free extract in Calligonum polygonoides (62.04%) compared to Ziziphus nummularia, Acacia jacquemontii, Acacia nilotica, Zea mays, Tr...
Arfan Ahmed Gilal1*, Lubna Bashir1, Muhammad Faheem2, Asad Rajput1, Junaid Ahmed Soomro1, Saifullah Kunbhar1, Abdul Samad Mirwani1, Tanzeela-ul-Zahra1, Ghulam Sarwar Mastoi3 and Jam Ghulam Mustafa Sahito4
...particularly damaging to corn. Although native to American continents, it has spread in various African and Asian countries. However, no confirmed report of its presence has been made from Pakistan as it has already been reported from its neighbors India and China. So, this study was conducted in 15 corn growing areas of Sindh, Pakistan to determine the presence and damage status of FAW on fodder and grain
Ke Zhang1, Shuai Liu2, Qiu Chen1, Yu Wang1, Li Liu1, Bingjie Li1, Kai Ma1, Xiaoya Wei1, Aijun Li3 and Junyan Li2*
...05 Haemaphysalis longicornis (H. longicornis) ticks were selected to prepare protein samples. Some of them were used for 2-DE, and the others were used to immunize mice to collect tick antiserum for WB. Then, 2-DE followed by WB and MALDI-TOF was carried out to screen and identify tick antigens. We identified 19 protein spots representing 12 ORFs: 4 from ticks and 8 from cattle. Among the the 4 ORFs, Tropomyosi...
Muhammad Tahir Waseem1, Abdul Majid Khan1*, Saliha Khalid1, Rana Manzoor Ahmad1,2, Ayesha Iqbal1, Muhammad Ameen1
...>and Tetracerus quadricornis.
Saira Saleemi1*, Zafar Iqbal1, Abdul Nasir Khalid2
Zubair Ahmad1, 2, 4, Hamed A. Ghramh1, 2, 3,Khalid Ali Khan1, 2, 3*, Farhat Khan4 and Shujauddin5
...z., Paratrechina longicornis (Latr) and Tapinoma melanocephalum (F.) are unable to make contact with the aphids and even chased away on their mere appearance in the vicinity of aphid colony. The vague stimuli via the host in C. subnuda Mayr. causes a phenomenal warning to the other members for searching the invader.
...
Ummad ud Din Umar1, Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi1*, Ishfaq Ahmed1, Ateeq ur Rehman1, Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar2, Sibghat Ullah3, Shah Pasand4, Zehri Khan3 and Abdur Rehman5
Prevalence and Serological Detection of Spiroplasma citri, a Cause of Citrus Stubborn Disease in Southern Punjab, Pakistan
...e surveyed areas. Small acorn shaped, lopsided fruit and leaves with shortened internodes were appeared to be characteristic disease symptoms in Citrus stands of Southern Punjab....
Mohammad Adil1*, Muhammad A. Khan2, Naveed Ahmed1, Edward Bromhead3, Muhammad A. Arshad1, Muhammad Fahad1, Shahid Ullah1 and Khan Shahzada1
Numerical Investigation of the Effect of Column Staggering in Flat Slabs Systems
...nd deflection at extreme corners and edges, while avoiding edge beams in flat slabs for staggered column arrangement....
Xiaopeng Tang1,*, Lei Chen1, Kangning Xiong1, Dun Deng2 and Peng Peng2,*
...s of different levels of corn distillers dried grain with solubles (DDGS) on the growth performance of meat ducks. To this end, a total of 450 Shuanggui-tou meat ducks with comparable body weights were treated with increasing concentration of DDGS. Compared to mock-treated group, the average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and feed to meat ratio (F:G) were measured. It was revealed that the addition of DDGS up to 24% in the diet remained ine...
Asima Batool1, Ghulam Abbas2*, Zuhair Hasnain3, Nasira Perveen4 and Muhammad Naeem Akhtar5
...ids like SB-11, Hycorn-984 were able to retain greater shoot and root water contents as evident from their increased fresh weight. The hybrid including Hycorn-984, ND6339 and SB-11 manifested greater shoot dry matter yield, while none of the hybrids displayed greater root dry weight under heat stress than root respective controls. The Hyb...
Muhammad Arslan Ibrahim1*, Aneeqa Aleem2, Farkhanda Manzoor2, Shahbaz Ahmad1, Hafiz Muhammad Zahid Anwar1, Talia Aroob2 and Mansoor Ahmad3
...tigation, a total of 198 corn fields from different localities of Lahore and Kasur region of Pakistan, were surveyed after the published reports of fall armyworm presence in other parts of the country. Out of the total spots observed, the fall armyworm occurrence was spotted on ten variable locations. The highest level of infestation recorded was 19.39 % followed by 18.69 % while the lowest damage in percentage was 9.28. The present study was also directed to ...
Hafiz Basheer Ahmad1*, Sajida Habib2, Waqas Shafqat Chattha3, Rizwana Qamar2, Shazia Saeed2, Abdul Khaliq1 and Salsabeel Rauf2
...d Restore (R-Lines) is a corner stone for the development of sunflower hybrid varieties. Seventy-seven of each, maintainer and restorer lines were sown in field and data were analyzed by using multivariate analysis. The results revealed that the mean values of all traits except for days to 50% flowering of maintainer lines were higher than restorer lines. The principal component analysis for B-lines showed that first eigen value equals 2.77 and represented 39....
Iftikhar Jan* and Sahib Alam
... aflatoxin production in corn meal agar medium by using ELISA technique. The results showed that isolate AFS32 produced highest level of total aflatoxin (230.78 µg Kg-1) while isolates AFS5, AFS17, AFS25 and AFS33 produced no aflatoxin. These nonaflatoxigenic isolates were considered as isolates of interest and could be used as biocontrol agent in agricultural fields for prevention of pre-harvest aflatoxins production in different crops....
D. N. Abd-elshafy1, 2 and M. M. Bahgat2, 3
...Hepatitis A Virus is a picornavirus that can be detected in environmental or clinical samples. Its replication in cell culture is slow and so cytopathic effect might take up to two weeks to appear making it not easy to detect presence of virus. the present work aimed to study effect of inhibiting HepG2 cellular proteases on replication rate of the virus. Plaque infectivity count assay was carried out using safe concentrations of the cocktail protease inhibitor...
Wesley D. Nafarnda, Japhet H. Baraya, Olatunde H. Olabode, Malang K. Simon
...ultry productivity using corn bran (dusa) as alternative vaccine carrier in five
Local Government Areas (LGA) in Adamawa state, Nigeria.
Method: Structured questionnaire on general knowledge, practice and productivity indicators was
administered thrice to participating household poultry farmers alongside administration of feed based
V4 thermostable ND vaccination in chickens. Sera obtained from forty (40) chicken...
Gulnaz Ismaylova
...tions at the apex of the corners). The distribution map (scale of 1: 500000) of O. japonica in the study areas was prepared in a digital database using geographic spatial analysis using the ArcGIS (Geographic Information System) program. ...
Muhammad Junaid Yousaf 1, Farhad Ali2*and Fawad Ali2
...y;">Zea mays cultivar; Hycorn 984, is considered a moderate salt-tolerant plant cultivar that shows varying effects and adaptations to different concentrations of salt stress (i.e. NaCl) to which it is exposed. When three days old seedlings of maize were subjected to aerial salt stress of concentrations; 0.2%, 0.6% 1.2%, and 2% after a week in soil, the seedlings revealed the antagonistic effects which increased with elevated concentrations of salt stress. The...
Nasir Ali Tauqir1, Asim Faraz2*, Annamaria Passantino3, Muhammad Asif Shahzad1, Rana Muhammad Bilal4, Adeel Tahir1, Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq2 and Abdul Waheed2
...nutritional influence of corn steep liquor and enzose mixture as a non-conventional protein ingredient in day old broiler chicks. For this purpose, 42 days study was conducted using hubbard broiler chicks (n=200). The birds were divided into 5 groups containing 4 replicates having 10 chicks each. Birds were offered 5 iso-caloric and isonitrogenous broiler starter (metabolizable energy 2850 kcal/ kg; crude protein 20%) diet from day 1-21 and broil...
Anguara Khatun1*, Sachchidananda Das Chowdhury1, Bibek Chandra Roy2, S.M. Shafikul Gani3, Bipul Chandra Ray1, Tanvir Ahmed1
...ch. The basal diets were corn-soya broiler starter and broiler grower diets. Starter diet was fed up to 21 days and grower diet during 22-35 days. In treatment 1, chicks were fed a basal diet (Diet 1), in treatment 2, chicks received a basal diet plus a multi-strain probiotics @100g/100kg feed (Diet 2) and in the third treatment, the basal diet was supplemented with multi-enzymes @100g/100kg feed (Diet 3). The birds were reared following identical care and man...
Fang Zhao, Gen Wang, Xiaobin Li, Guodong Zhao, Hui Chen, Chen Ma and Kailun Yang*
...ps included control (CT, corn-soybean meal basal diet), CT + 111 (CT + 111 mg/kg BW RPT 5-HTP), and CT + 222 (CT + 222 mg/kg BW RPT 5-HTP) groups. The experiment lasted for 16 d. On the 16th day of the experiment, blood samples from the sheep were collected at 0 h before feeding and at 1.5, 3, 4.5, 6, 8, 10, and 12 h after feeding in the morning. The plasma concentration of 5-HTP, tryptophan (Trp), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and MLT was determined. The plasma...
Adriana Cervantes-Noriega1, Norma A. López2, Alfredo Estrada-Angulo2, Beatriz I. Castro-Pérez2, Elizama Ponce-Barraza2, Gilberto López-Valencia1, Alberto Barreras1, Alejandro Plascencia3*
... were fed with a cracked corn-based high-energy diet during 89-d. Treatment consisted in filtering and sanitization of raw dam water qualified as “clean and safe” comparing it as follows: 1) dam water (RAW), and 2) dam filtered-sanitized water (FILT). Water filtered-sanitized decreased three-fold total solids and remove coliforms, E, coli, and salmonella. Filtered-sanitized water increased 10% water intake, 8% daily gain, and 3% dietary net energy ...
Xiaopeng Tang1*, Kangning Xiong1, Peng Peng2 and Dun Deng2*
... soybean meal (SBM) with corn distillers dried grain with solubles (cDDGS) on growth performance and carcass characteristics of broilers. A total of six hundred and forty-eight 21-day-old Sanhuang Broiler with similar weight (443.89 ± 13.2 g) were divided into 6 treatments: (1) Control group (T0), (2) 20% replacement group (T1), (3) 40% replacement group (T2), (4) 60% replacement group (T3), (5) 80% replacement group (T4), and (6) 100% replacement group...
Yunilas Yunilas1*, Nurzainah Ginting1, Tri Hesti Wahyuni1, Muhammad Zahoor2, Nelzi Fati3 and
Ahmad Wahyudi4
...rop waste in the form of corn straw, cobs, and corn husks can be used as ruminant animal feed, but its utilization as animal feed is not optimal. The application of silage feed technology using local microorganism additives is expected to improve the physical quality of silage feed. This study aimed to determine the effect of adding local microorganisms (MOL) and fermentation time on the physical quality of
Ahlam G. Khalifa1*, Walaa A. Moselhy1, Hanaa M. Mohammed2 and Khaled Abdou1
...up (I) had received only corn oil and acted as a control group. Group (II) had been given 3.855 mg/kg BW deltamethrin. Group (III) obtained deltamethrin loaded silica Nps at a dose of 8.795 mg/kg BW. The group (IV) obtained deltamethrin loaded chitosan Nps at a dose of 30.44 mg/kg BW. All remedies were administered by oral gavage 5 days a week for one month. The deltamethrin group showed a highly significant elevation in chromosome aberrations. Also, the ratio...
Manatsanun Nopparatmaitree1*, Pornpan Saenphoom1, Sittichai Bunlue1, Silchai Washiraomornlert1, Warangkana Kitpipit2,3,4, Soranot Chotnipat1
... control diet based on a corn-soybean basal diet and a control diet supplemented with 10, 30, and 50 g/kg TABP combined with 2 g/kg probiotics. This study shows that TABP combined with probiotic supplementation significantly affected the apparent digestibility of dry matter, ether extract, crude fiber, and crude protein (p<0.05). The supplementation of TABP combined with probiotics increased the lactic acid bacteria, Enterococcus sp., and volatile fatty aci...
Sepri Reski*, Maria Endo Mahata, Ridho Kurniawan Rusli
...broiler diets to replace corn and rice bran.
Keywords | Broiler, Carcass, IMO’s fruit waste, Physiology organ, Turbinaria murayana
...
Ziaul Islam1*, Asad Sultan1, Sar Zamin Khan1 and Sher Bahader Khan2
...sal diet formulated with corn-soybean meal (CON; without any additives) served as control diet and fed to birds in control group. Birds in other four groups were given same basal diet mixed either with zinc bacitracin (150 mg/kg diet; ZB-150); organic acids (200 mg/kg feed; OA-200); essential oil (150 mg/kg feed; EO-150) and or a combination of organic acid (OA) and essential oil (EO) at rate 200 and 150 mg/kg, respectively. Body weight gain was significantly ...
Veronica Ngozi Emenuga1, Clara Idara Eleazar2*, Seto Tunrayo Aladenika1
...infection of the stratum corneum. The objective of the current study was to examine the cattle and cattle beddings for fungal organisms in correlation with that found in milk. Scrapings of fungal lesions from 302 cattle were examined alongside with samples of milk and sawdust beddings. Culture, identification and characterization of isolates were carried out using standard methods. Antifungal biogram was performed. Result showed that all the cattle and the b...
Sidrah Ashfaq1, Muhammad Nadeem1*, Muhammad Yamin1, Talha Afzal1, Muhammad Waqar Akram1, Rabia Anam1 and Ali Mehboob2
...eters for wood waste and corncobs were recorded as fuel consumption rate (0.002195, 0.002323) kg-s-1, the volume of gas produced (24.56, 26.33) m3, operating time (5480, 5164) s, cleaning unit efficiency (81.79, 79.9) % and gas yield (2.04, 2.19) m3-kg-1. ...
Maham Tariq, Aqsa Akhtar and Nauman Khalid*
...% (w/w) sugar, 30% (w/w) corn syrup, 0-40% (w/w) fennel seed extract, and 0 to 40% (w/w) carrot juice. The results showed the highest content of flavonoids in 40% (w/w) carrot juice formulation and the mixture of candies containing 10% (w/w) carrot juice and 30% (w/w) fennel extract, while the highest antioxidant activity was observed in candies containing 30% (w/w) carrot juice and 10% (w/w) fennel extract. The formulated candies showed a good sensory profile...
Sherif Abdelghany1, Hossam Mahrous Ebeid2*, Ahmed Abdelkader Aboamer2, Mohamed Ali Radwan1, Rania Agamy1
...h districts, followed by corn fodder and clover. The feed intake of concentrate and green fodder for fed buffaloes and cows was higher (P < 0.05) in Nile Valley district. A significant difference (P < 0.05) observed in daily milk and fat-corrected milk (FCM) yields between both districts. Cattle in all areas under this study showed a lower Fat : protein ratio than the optimal ratio. Milk urea nitrogen (MUN) was significantly different (P < 0.05) betwe...
Muhammad Shuaib1*, Abdul Hafeez1, Naila Chand1 and Muhammad Tahir2
...eplicate and offered the corn-soybean meal diet with soybean hull (3,%, 6 %, and 9 %) respectively. Results showed that during all phases, feed intake and weight gain were (P<0.05) higher in the control group, while feed conversion ratio (FCR) was non-significant among all groups. Water intake during phase-1 was (P<0.05) higher in group D as compared to other treated groups while nonsignificant during phase-2 and 3. The average daily eggs production on w...
Hemat A. Abdel Magied*, Heba H. Habib, Amany H. Waly, Ahmed Fadl, Sayed M. Shalash
...plementation to standard corn-soybean broiler diet (STD). while experiment 2 (EXP2) examined the PEP supplemented to different levels of low CP (low 10 or 15 %) and low ME diets (lower 100 or 150 kcal/kg) than control (L10%-100, L10%-150, L15%-100, L15%-150). The obtained results were: the EXP1 showed that significant improvement in feed conversion ratio (FCR) for chicken in P treatment by 8.38 and 5.75 % in compared to control and PE, respectively. Also, chic...
Kamel Etman Ibrahim Etman*, Salah Kamal Sayed, Farouk Amin El-Sayed, Abd-Alghany Hasaneen Ghoniem, Mostafa Mohamed El-Nahrawy, Mona Ahmed Alsayed Farag
...feed mixture (CFM), 30 % corn silage (CS) and 10 % alfalfa hay (AH). The 2nd and 3rd animal groups were fed control ration supplemented with 5 gm probiotics bacteria and 10 gm fibrolytic enzyme per head , respectively. The experiment lasted about 180 days. Animals fed rations B and C appeared improvement in daily live body weight (LBW) gain with rate of 8.43 % and 13.19%, respectively. Consequently, animals fed supplemented rations showed significant better f...
Cristina Stanca Moise1*, Cornelia Chimisliu2, Mihaela Arinton3, Tom Brereton4 and George Moise1
Mohamed M. Bahr1, Mohamed S. Amer1*, Khaled Abo-EL-Sooud2, Shaimaa M. Kamel3, Marwa A. Fouly4, Ahmed N. Abdallah5, Ashraf A. Shamaa1, Omar S. El-Tookhy1
... epithelial layer of the cornea with variable amounts of the stroma affected. Recent research suggests that Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) of stem cells have the same effects on target cells that their parental stem cells act, these effects are brought on by paracrine signaling involves the release of cytokines and nucleic acids (DNA, mRNA, and miRNA) which may lead to alteration of the gene expression, proliferation, and differentiation of the recipient cells....
Sony A.E. Moningkey1*, Ronny A.V. Tuturoong1, Ingriet D.R. Lumenta1 and Nova L.I.M. Ogi2
... feed materials, such as corn, coconut cake, pollard, bran, sugar drops and minerals. Rabbits were given complete feed with following treatment: R0 = feed without FRCSM, R1 = feed with 10% FRCSM, R2 = feed with 20% FRCSM, R3 = feed with 30% FRCSM, and R4 = feed with 40% FRCSM. The results showed that the highest feed consumption and weight increment were found in the R3 group by 60.5 g/individual/day and 17.8 g/individual/day, respectively. However, the R3 gro...
I. K.A. Ibrahim1, Z.A. Handoo2† and A. B. A. Basyony1
...d sugar beet, H. zeae on corn and wheat and Globodera rostochiensis on
potato. The cyst nematodes H. leuceilyma and G. rostochiensis are new records of the country and H. lespedezae on
lentil is a new host plant record in Egypt.
...
Istkhar† and A. K. Chaubey†
...div>
nematode in bicornutum group and differentiated from other compared Steinernema spp. The morphological
characters of 3rd stage infective juveniles and 1st generation males showed close resemblance with S. abbasi, S.
thermophilum and S. pakistanense however, the body length was varied (583mm vs 541mm, 555 mm and 683 mm,
respectively). The morphometrical characters and life history events placed the present specimen...
F. Shahina† and G. Mehreen
... abbasi and species of bicornutum group. While one isolate PAK.S.S.15 (JN599140) was
analyzed using 12S mtDNA with other known species. In all four trees, isolate PAK.S.S.15 form monophyletic
group with S. abbasi (AY944002). In laboratory experiment, biological life cycle of three isolates of S. abbasi
PAK.P.S.9 (EF469773), PAK.S.S.15 (JN571086) and PAK.S.S.16 (JN571096) and one other isolate of
Heter...
A.E. Ismail† and A.M. Kheir*
...f juveniles and cysts of corn cyst nematode, Heterodera zeae under stress of a cropping
sequence regime revealed that the average numbers in each stage greatly fluctuated. The density of juveniles or
cysts gradually increased with the favorable host (Giza 2 corn) to reach its peak at the crop maturity, while the
nematode population dropped sharply when the fiel...
A.E. Ismail† and A.M. Kheir*
....
...
Ronny A.V. Tuturoong1*, Sony A. E. Moningkey1 and Nova L.I.M. Ogi2
...of complete fed based on corns stover and king grass on Holstein Friesians (HF) Dairy cattle. Twenty-one HF (2.5-3.5 years old, weighted 250-300 kg) was adapted for 2 weeks by feeding with experimental feed. The experimental feed was formulated into three combinations: T1 (70% corn stover+0% king grass+30% concentrate; T2 (35% corn stover+35% king grass+30 % concentrate; T3 (0%
Farid S. Nassar1,2, Abdulaziz M. Alsahlawi3, Ahmed O. Abbas1,2*, Abdulaziz A. Alaqil1, Nancy N. Kamel4, Abdelwahab M. Abdelwahab1,5
...ssible impact of soybean-corn replacement with various levels of black soldier fly larvae Hermetia illucens (BSFL) meal on egg production, egg quality, physiological aspects and economic efficiency of laying hens. The study employed 270 commercial layers, 40-wk-old, that belonged to the W-36 Hy-Line chickens. The layers were randomly designated into five equal treatment groups (9 replicates × 6 hens per replicate for each treatment) according to the diet...
Farid S. Nassar1,2, Abdulaziz M. Alsahlawi3, Mohammad A. Al-Mahaish4, Ahmed O. Abbas1,2*, Abdulaziz A. Alaqil1, Nancy N. Kamel5
... diet containing soybean-corn meal (0% MWM), while the remaining five groups of birds were provided with a finisher diet in which the soybean meal was partially replaced with 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% MWM, respectively. Data were analyzed using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a polynomial test to explore the linear and quadratic effects of increasing the MWM levels into the broiler diets. The results of this study showed a linear increase (p < 0...
Roni Pazla1, Novirman Jamarun1*, Elihasridas1, Arief1, Gusri Yanti2, Zaitul Ikhlas2
...e consists of rice bran, corn, palm kernel cake, salt, and minerals. The treatments were as follows: T0= 35% fermented sugarcane shoots (FSS) + 5% fermented tithonia (FT) + 0% avocado waste (AW) + 60% concentrate, T1= 35% FSS + 9.5% FT + 0.5% AW + 55% concentrate, T2= 35% FSS + 14 % FT + 1% AW + 50% concentrate, T3= 35% FSS + 18.5% FT + 1.5% AW + 45% concentrate. The parameters measured included feed consumption (dry matter, organic matter, and crude protein),...
J. Salma and F. Shahina
...heat flour, lipid media, corn flour and on assemblage culture on Galleria mellonella larva and lipid modified media for mass scale to assess their production potentia...
Hafiz Abdullah Shakir1*, Iqra Javed1, Muhammad Irfan2*, Shaukat Ali3, Muhammad Khan1, Farah Rauf Shakoori1, Javed Iqbal Qazi1 and Muhammad Abrar Yousaf1
...fermentation (SSF) using corn (Zea mays) leaves as substrate to reduce its production cost. The maximum tannase production was obtained with 60% initial substrate moisture contents, tap water as enzyme extraction medium with 2 mL volume, 45°C incubation temperature, pH 7, 300 µL inoculum size, 24 h incubation period in agitated condition with substrate particle size of 4mm during one factor at a time optimization. Concentrations of medium components ...
Muhammad Shuaib1*, Abdul Hafeez1, Ziaul Islam2, Assar Ali Shah3 and Saad Ullah1
Oussama Zghari*, Mouloud Lamtai, Sofia Azirar, Mohamed Yassine El-Brouzi, Hajar Benmhammed, Aboubaker El-Hessni, Ali Ouichou, Abdelhalem Mesfioui
Keatisak Soisuwan1, Hatairat Plaimast2, Atichat Thongnum3, Soranot Chotnipat4, Manatsanun Nopparatmaitree4*
...mmercial broilers diets (corn-soybean based diet) supplemented with 0 or 100 g/ton of natural multi-enzymes feed supplementation (top-up feeding). Birds were provided ad libitum access to water and experimental diets. The results showed that natural multi-enzyme supplementation had no significant effect on the growth performances of broilers as compared to the control (P > 0.05). However, supplementation of natural multi-enzymes increased the viability rate...
Munasik*, Titin Widiyastuti, Caribu Hadi Prayitno
...k, but when the price of corn rises and its supply declines, it becomes essential to find alternative ingredients to use in animal feed. This study explores the use of cassava (tapioca by-products) and tofu dregs as substitutes for corn through fermentation technology using Neurospora sp. This produces alternative feed ingredients with nutrient levels that are in balance with corn. To impr...
Rizki Palupi*, Arfan Abrar, Fitri Nova Liya Lubis, Yuni Kurniati, Bianca Ikriza Octa Nadia Putri
... mixture of concentrate, corn, rice bran and fishmeal, and CCI according to the treatment. The observed variables were nutrient digestibility (dry matter, crude protein and crude fiber), hematological status and blood malondialdehyde levels in blood of broiler chickens. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and further tested by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results of this study indicated that the CCI had a significant (P<0.05) effect on nutrient digestibil...
Ahmed El-Sayed Ismail
...c factors respecting the corn plant affect the virulence of the corn cyst nematode, Heterodera zeae such as corn genotype, corn age, corn nutritional status, and cropping sequence regime. For the first factor, when two local corn cultivars, namely, Giza 2 (susceptible) and Kahera 1 (...
Yuliaty*, Brigida A. Correia, LigiaT. Correia, Joao Americo, Mateus Da Cruz De Carvalho, Joana da C. Freitas
...food crops such as rice, corn and other popular food sources. Many technological innovations to produce high sorghum crop productivity have been produced such as using fertilizer and planting distance set. The research aims to investigate production potency of sorghum which cultivated with vary of level fermented organic fertilizer (FOF) and planting distance. The research was conducted at Titilari Lospalos Village, Lautem, East-Timor, starting from June to Oc...
Novirman Jamarun1, Roni Pazla1*, Arief2, Elihasridas1, Gusri Yanti3, Rani Winardi Wulan Sari4, Zaitul Ikhlas4
...dy comprised tofu dregs, corn, rice bran, palm kernel cake, minerals, and salt. A randomized block design with four treatments and four groups of goat body weight as replicates was employed in the research. The four treatments were as follows: (T1 = mangrove leaves hay (MLH) 35% + fermented T. diversifolia (FTD) 5% + Concentrate (C) 60%, T2 = MLH 30% + FTD 10% + C 60%, T3= MLH 25% + FTD 15% + C 60%, T4= MLH 20% + FTD 20% + C 60%). Parameters measured included ...
Amistu KU1,2*, Monahan FJ2, Wims P2, Yonatan KY1 , Fahey AG2, Takele TA3
.... However, fatteners use corn/fresh maize (87.7%), coffee leaf boiled together with water (44.4%), haricot bean (40.5%), cassava root (28.8%), mixed concentrates (21.6%), enset root (14.7%), and local brewery by-product (9.8%) as supplementary feed. The mean age of cattle when fattening began is 5.32±.08 years and fattening duration will take around 3.48±.05 months. Farmers fatten about 1.88±.05 cattle/fattening season and 1.74±.03 ...
Kusuma Adhianto*, Mika Tania Sidabutar, Liman, Arif Qisthon
.... In current experiment, corn cobs, an agriculture waste, were ammoniated with urea and used in the feed of Brahman cross cattle to determine their effects on the performance. This research was conducted between October and December 2021, involving Brahman cross cows (n=9) aged 8-12 months. The study utilized a randomized block design (RBD) with three treatments and three groups. The treatments administered were as follows: P0: 80% basal feed + 20%
Rusli Tonda1, Lili Zalizar1*, Wahyu Widodo1, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi1, David Hermawan1, Damat Damat1, Zane Vincēviča-Gaile2, Irum Iqrar3, Trias Agung Pakarti4,5, Shazma Anwar6 and Wirawan Wira7
...its chance to substitute corn and rice bran with an experimental design of three replications employing three treatments of corn (T1), “aking rice” (T2), and rice bran (T3). Broiler chickens aged 35 d with an average body weight of 1 870 g were involved – each treatment unit was of three, making a total of 27 chickens. Data gained from the experiment were run through one-way ANOVA, followed by an LSD test s...
Afshan1, Asad Ullah2*, Imad Khan2, Rafiq Ullah1, Tahira Tayyab1, Fatima Syed3, Raheela Taj3, Shumaila Gul4, Faiza Khan5, Ibad Ullah Jan6, Syed Weqas Ali7 and Assad Ullah8
...and finishing commercial corn based basal diet with different concentration of selenium powder. Basal diet (BD) was fed to Group A, which kept as negative control group and no dexamethasone (DE) was offered. Group B was considered as (+ve control group) fed with (BD+15mg DE/kg). The group C, was fed with (BD+0.2mg Se + 15mg DE/kg). Similarly, group D was fed with (BD+0.3mg Se+15mg DE). Group E, fed with (BD+0.4 Se+15mg/kg feed). At the end of the trial, two bi...
Jinwen Liu, Hong Li, Jinhua Zhang, Jianping Li and Xiujuan Yan*
...ffects on the host plant corn (Zea mays L.) was investigated. One-way ANOVA and Pearson analysis was performed to process the data. The results showed that, the interactions between above- and below-ground herbivores had a negative effect on corn. Belowground herbivore grubs inhibited the aboveground herbivores of aphids, and aboveground herbivores prevented the increase of grubs, whereas plants regulated population change t...
Mohammed A. Ali1*, Firas A. Alhasson1, Thaer A. Mohsin2
...ibrous ) (the sclera and cornea); (b) the Middle layer (Vascular) the choroid, ciliary body, and iris and (c) Internal layer (Nervous) the retina. A squamous corneal epithelium, the stroma, and the corneal endothelium were all well-defined layers of the cornea. Anas platyrhnchos’ lens was spherical and encased by a lens capsule, with a monolayer of...
Maria Endo Mahata1*, Yose Rizal1, Zurmiati1, Sepri Reski1, Indah Fitri Sakinah Limbong2, Dian Saputri2
...al feed ingredients like corn and rice bran with brown seaweed Sargassum crassifolium on broiler performance. The study employed a fully randomized design, incorporating four replacement treatments (0%, 6%, 12%, and 18%) of brown seaweed Sargassum crassifolium within the broiler diet. Each treatment was replicated five times. A total of 100-day-old chicks were used in the experiment and reared under standard conditions. The results showed that inclusion of bro...
Anak Agung Ayu Sri Trisnadewi*, I Gusti Lanang Oka Cakra
...o improve the quality of corn straw and use elephant grass as the main source of fiber for ruminants. The research aimed to obtain a ration formulation through the use of elephant grass silage, corn straw silage, and concentrate for etawa crossbreed goats. The experiment used a randomized block design (RBD) with four treatments and each treatment was repeated four times, so there were 16 experimental units. The four treatmen...
Farid S. Nassar1,2, Osama A. El-Sayed3, Saidi Ouassaf4, Ahmed O. Abbas1,2*
...ens and fed a mash-based corn-soybean diet from one day to 21 days old. From 22-42 days of age, the birds were divided into four experimental groups (10 replicate pens × 10 chicks each) in which the birds were fed on a finisher-based diet supplemented with 0, 10, 20, and 30 g/kg FS powder (FS0, FS10, FS20, and FS30 groups, respectively). Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with a polynomial contrasts test to explore the linear and quadratic trend...
Faramin Javandel Soum Sarai1, Mir Daryoush Shakouri2* and Alireza Seidavi3*
...gn. Broilers were fed on corn-soybean meal basal diets with no additive (control) or added chromium picolinate (400 mg/kg), chromium picolinate (400 mg/kg)+ vitamin C (240 mg/kg) or chromium picolinate (400 mg/kg) +formic acid (0.5%) form 29 to 42 days of age. All supplements significantly improved daily feed intake, daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio of birds compared with the control (P<0.05). The treatments reduced the abdominal f...
Limbang Kustiawan Nuswantara, Eko Pangestu, Marry Christiyanto, Santoso Dwi Pratomo, Elyza Zahrotul Muhtaromah
...ins with soluble (DDGS), corn gluten feed (CGF), coconut cake, soybean meal, wheat bran, molasses, gamal leaf flour, calliandra leaf flour. and indigofera leaf flour and then made in pellets. The experimental design used was a randomized block design (RBD) based on grouping body weights consisting of 4 groups and 4 treatments. The treatment applied was a balance of feed in the form of forage elephant grass with different levels concentrat of 25, 50 and 75%, an...
Hossam F. Abou-Shaara
...the second one contained corn flour (corn flour), and the third one contained corn flour plus turmeric (turmeric). These pollen substitutes were presented to bee colonies beside sugar candy without any protein source as a control group. Some parameters were subsequently measured under apiary and laboratory conditions. All feeding types were attractive to bee colonies but bees consumed sign...
Irfan Ullah1, Asad Ullah2*, Tahira Tayyeb1, Rafiq Ullah1, Muhammad Hanif1, Faiza Khan3, Imad Khan2, Raheela Taj4, Fatima Syed4, Shumaila Gul5, Muhammad Sadeeq6, Muneeb Islam7, Arsalan Khan8 and Khudija Ghani9
...and finishing commercial corn based basal diet (BD) with different doses of inorganic Selenium (Se) powder. Group-A was kept negative control provided with BD twice a day. Group-B was positive control group fed with 15mg DEX/kg twice/day. The Group-C was fed with BD+0.2mgSe+15mg DEX/kg. Similarly, Group-D was fed with BD+0.3mgSe+15mgDEX. Group-E was fed with BD+0.4mgSe+15mg DEX/kg. Two chicks were randomly slaughtered from each replicate and blood glucose leve...
Xin Yan Ku1, Phek Jin Kwong1*, Chaiw Yee Teoh1, Mohammad Mijanur Rahman2, Fakar Fariz3
...l and rice industries as corn replacers, as well as tropic forages like dwarf Napier grass and Trichanthera gigantea for pre-weaning Boer crossbred kids. Proximate analyses were conducted on the feed ingredients and the newly formulated feed before the feeding trial. Twelve (n=12), single-born Boer x Jamnapari crossbred kids, with an average birth weight of 3.25 kg and body condition scoring of 3 to 3.5 were randomly divided into two dietary treatm...
Safdar Hassan1, Shaukat Ali Bhatti1, Fawwad Ahmad1, Asad Ullah Hyder1, Muhammad Arslan2, Ashar Mehfooz3, Ijaz Saleem3, Muhammad Umar Yaqoob4,5, Mushrraf Nazir1, Muhammad Sharif1*
...sed temperature. A basal corn-soy diet (Zn-40, crude protein (CP): 20%; metabolizable energy (ME) : 3000 Kcal/Kg) was formulated to contain 40 mg/kg Zn. The basal diet was supplemented with three super doses viz; 25, 50, or 75% of NRC recommended (1994) level and then these diets (Zn-50; Zn-60; Zn-70) contained 50, 60, and 70 mg/kg Zn, respectively. Two hundreds day-old broiler chicks were used for this study. Each diet was fed to a group of 50 broilers (Hubb...
Muhammad Shuaib1*, Abdul Hafeez1, Woo Kyun Kim2, Aamir Khan3 and Abubakar Sufyan4
...ups. A basal diet of the corn-soybean meal was formulated as a control group and a soybean meal in the basal diet was replaced with 3%SH, 6%SH, and 9% SH respectively. The results of the feces proximate analysis showed significantly higher crude protein during phases 1 and 2, while crude fiber during phase1 and 3 for the SH treatment groups. The crude fat had a significantly higher value for the control group than all SH treatment groups during all (three) pha...
Syed Makhdoom Hussain*, Hafiza Hina Shafqat, Muhammad Faisal, Mahnoor Saleem, Zeeshan Yousaf and Muhammad Amjad
...re composed of palm oil, corn oil, sunflower oil, canola oil and mixture of all mentioned vegetable oils respectively. Triplicate tanks were used and every tank had 15 fingerlings. Results demonstrated that significant (p<0.05) improvement in growth performance i.e. weight gain % (WG %) (210.48), minimum feed conversion ratio (FCR) (1.11) and maximum specific growth rate (SGR) (1.61) of fingerlings were noted when fed with test diet-VI-based on plant mixtur...
Umair Ahmad1*, Asad Sultan1, Sarzamin Khan1 and Muhammad Tahir2
...d GPP2. CON a commercial corn-soybean meal-based diet as per ROSS-308 nutritional specifications. N-CON was a 6.5% PBM-based diet and to this group, a ginger-derived phyto-protease was added at two levels in treatments GPP1 (50 mg kg-1 feed) and GPP2 (100 mg kg-1 feed), respectively. Birds in group N-CON performed poorly for the performance traits like feed intake, weight gain and FCR. Phyto-protease addition at 100mg kg-1 feed exhibited significant effect on ...
Muhammad Adnan Khalid1, Syed Makhdoom Hussain1*, Shafaqat Ali2,3*, Abdullah Ijaz Hussain4, Muhammad Asrar1, Nisar Ahamd5, Majid Hussain6 and Muhammad Zubair-ul-Hassan Arsalan7
...te biochar) and diet VI (corncob waste biochar). Triplicate groups of 15 fingerlings were kept in V-shaped tanks. In present study, a trial of 90 days was conducted to assess the effects of different types of biochar on body composition, mineral status and antioxidant activity of Cirrhinus mrigala. At the conclusion of feeding trial, the protein content was highest (18.51±0.13%) in fingerlings fed with poultry waste biochar and lowest (15.35±0.11...
