Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro*, Habib-Ur-Rehman Memon, Muhammad Ali Ansari, Ahmed Naqi Shah
...weeding), interculturing twice (30+60 DAS), Dual Gold 960-EC (S-metolachlor) @ 2.50 L ha-1, sorghum water extracts @ 15 L ha-1 (twice) and 25 L ha-1 (once and twice) and sunflower water extracts @ 15 L ha-1 (twice) and 25 L ha-1 (once and twice), sorghum water extract @ 15 L ha-1+1.25 L ha-1 Dual Gold and sun...
Faiqah Ramzan*1 and Muhammad Haris Ramzan2
...ho;g) to adult male mice twice daily for 12 days. Prostatic citric acid levels were determined photometrically. The levels decreased significantly at all tested doses. Intermittent administration of Kisspeptin –10 negatively regulates the prostatic citric acid levels in adult male mice....
Abdur Rahim1, Ghulam Abbas1*, Lorenzo Gallus2, Sara Ferrando2, Muhammad Hafeez-ur-Rehman3, Abdul Ghaffar4 and Abdul Mateen5
...ng frequency i.e., once, twice, thrice and four times per day. Fish in all replicates were fed with diet comprising 40% protein and 20% lipid for 75 days. Higher percent weight gain (% WG), best feed conversion ratio (FCR) and specific growth rate (SGR) were recorded at ration level from 2.5 to 4.5% BW d−1 and feeding frequency of three to four times daily. The moisture, protein and ash contents of whole body of the fish were not significantly (P>0.05...
Arif Jan,* Abdul Rab, Rooh Ullah, Haroon and Ikram Ullah
.... plagiostomus spawn twice a year, once in March-April and then in October-November.
...
Abdul Malik1,4, Ghulam Abbas1*, Hameeda Kalhoro2, Illahi Bux Kalhoro3, Syed Sajjad A. Shah4 and Halima Kalhoro3
...rotein at 2% body weight twice a day for 60 days and eggs were collected weekly. Results showed that fertilized eggs were found to be greater in number at low salinity level as compared to higher salinity level. Survival of fry ranged from 1058 to 1100 at salinity level of 0‰ – 20‰ with 5% increment, after which fry number decreased significantly (P<0.05). The fertilized eggs did not differ for the fish at salinity of 0‰ –20...
Basudeb Dasgupta, Partha Dutta and Srikanta Das
Biological control of foot rot of betelvine (Piper betle L.) caused by Phytophthora parasitica Dastur
...ied once at pre-monsoon, twice during pre- and post- monsoon and four times at quarterly intervals. T. harzianum inoculated in 500 kg oil cake ha-1was applied at quarterly intervals. Bordeaux mixture (BM) was used to compare the treatments in preventing the intensity of foot rot. The results revealed that minimum foot rot disease occurred where four drenching and eight sprayings of BM at monthly and fortnightly intervals respectively were applied in the 1st ye...
Syed Makhdoom Hussain1,*, Tasneem Hameed1, Muhammad Afzal2, Arshad Javid3, Nosheen Aslam4, Syed Zakir Hussain Shah6, Majid Hussain5, Muhammad Zubair ul Hassan Arsalan1 and Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad1
...and feces were collected twice daily. The results of present study showed improved growth performance of Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings in response to phytase supplementation. Maximum growth performance was observed by the fish group fed on test diet-III having 1000 FTU kg-1 level. Similarly, nutrient digestibility was also significantly increased (p<0.05) by 1000 FTU kg-1 level of phytase supplementation. Digestibility coefficie...
Hameeda Kalhoro1, Abdul Malik2,Ghulam Abbas2,*, Illahi Bux Kalhoro3, Sajjad Ali Shah4and Haleema Kalhoro3
...with 5% of total biomass twice in a day. At the end, higher growth increments were found such as length and weight in average, T1=15.01±0.33cm and 15.80±0.01g, T3=14.13±0.76cm and 13.35±0.67g whereas in T2=11.80 ± 0.96cm and 10.47±1.19g lower growth were found. Specific growth rate (SGR) were obtained 1.160, 0.960 and 1.110 in T1, T2 and T3 individually ...
Muhammad Sohail1, Muhammad Nauman-ul-Islam1, Hayazuddin2*, Imtiaz Ali Shah1, Abdur Raziq1, Subhan Ullah3 and Arsalan Ali Shah1
...al animals were recorded twice daily while its composition were checked through milk analyzer twice a week. Mean daily production of milk among three groups was significantly (p<0.05) different, however highest milk production (4.8±0.74 liter/day) was recorded for group B, followed by Control (3.6±0.51) and group C (2.4±0.71). Cows in group B produced higher (p<0.05) milk fat percent (5.83±0...
Aqsa Mehboob1, Noor Khan1,*, Usman Atiq1, Khalid Javed Iqbal2, Rafia Tayyab1, Syeda Suhaira Batool1, Hafiza Saleha Batool1, Sana Amjad1 and Mehwish Tanveer1
...ub>) each was replicated twice. Fenugreek as an additive was added in experimental feed at the rate of 0.5% in T1 and 1.0% in T2 while control T0 was without fenugreek supplementation. Fish was fed for six days a week at the rate of 4% of its body weight twice a day. Results showed significant (P≤0.05) higher growth performance among the three treatment groups. Highest weight gain (5.07&pl...
Nasira Kazi1, Muhammad Israr2 and Shahina Fayyaz1,*
...and 2.8-3 µm wide, twice as long as the lip region width; vulva longitudinal; female tail 5.9-6.6 anal body diameter long, dorsally curved; prerectum 1.7-2.6 anal body diameter long.Plectus (Ceratoplectus) armatus (Butschli, 1873) Andrassy, 1984 is recorded for the first time in Pakistan and is briefly described and illustrated.
...
Saswati Roy1, Rakesh Pashi2, S. Dey3 and Shantanu Jha2
...ions on birds were taken twice a week, at early morning, starting from just after the sunrise around 7a.m and till before sunset up to 5.30 pm. Data were collected by using the line transect method. Total 74 number of bird species were recorded which belonged to 18 orders. Out of 74 bird species 23 species (31.08%) were recorded as insectivorous, 16 species (21.62%) as omnivorous, 13 species (17.57%) as granivorous, 11 species (14.86%) as carnivorous, 7 specie...
Safdar Ali1*, Ghulam Abbas Shah1, Muhammad Naveed Tahir1, Shahid Mehmood2, Asim Gulzar3 , Ijaz Ahmad4 and Bashir Ahmad Khan5
...(ii) No-till followed by twice application of glyphosate herbicide (NT + GH), (iii) Once Mould board plowing followed by twice application of glyphosate herbicide (1 MBP + GH), (iv) Once Mould board plowing followed by 4 cultivations with planker (1 MBP + 4 CS), (v) Once disc harrowing followed by twice application of glyphosate herbicide (1 DH + GH), (vi) Once disc harrowing followed by 4...
Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad1*, Syed Makhdoom Hussain1, Farhat Jabeen1, Abdullah Ijaz Hussain 2,Sajjad Ahmad3, Abida Ashraf4,Muhammad Zubair-ul-Hassan Arsalan1
...of 4% of live wet weight twice a day and feces were collected from each tank. On the basis of results it was noted that addition of phytase showed clearly significant (p<0.05) enhancement in bioavailability of minerals. Maximum ADC% of minerals was noted at 900 FTU kg-1 level of phytase supplemented MOLM based test diet. By these results, we conclude that addition of phytase at 900 FTU kg-1 level is helpful to develop an eco-friendly and cost-effective fish...
Abdul Malik1,2, Ghulam Abbas1,*, Abdul Ghaffar3, Sara Ferrando4, Lorenzo Gallus4 and Syed Sajjad A. Shah2,3
...tein with 2% body weight twice a day. Eggs were collected on weekly basis by cultch removal method. Results showed that the highest fecundity, fertility, hatchability and survival of fry were obtained on salinity of 0%-15% and significantly decreased on 20‰ and 25‰. The eggs per gram body weight were also recorded in all treatments and highest eggs were obtained i.e. 4.0-4.3 per female on 0‰-15‰. Water temperature (28.02&plus...
Muhammad Ismaeel1,2*, Syed Mehar Ali Shah1, Aziz Ur Rahman1 and Mian Ahmad Raza1
... hybrids were replicated twice in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). Rice genotypes reflected significant differences (P≤0.01) for all the traits. Among the rice parents, Bas-6129 and Bas-370 showed the highest values for grains panicle-1 (214.0) while IR-8 displayed maximum values for spikelets panicle-1 (238.0), 1000-grain weight (30.9 g) and grain yield (0.97 kg m-2). F1 hybrids Dokri-Bas/Bas-6129, DR-92/DR-83, Bas-2008/Kashmir-Bas, IR-8/NIAB-IR-...
Syed Makhdoom Hussain1,*, Muhammad Zubair ul Hassan Arsalan1, Arshad Javid2, Abdullah Ijaz Hussain3, Nosheen Aslam4, Qasim Ali5, Majid Hussain6, Muhammad Masoom ul Hassan Rehan7, Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad1,8, Anam Khalid1 and Danish Riaz1
...each tank were collected twice a day to estimate the nutrient digestibility parameters. The maximum weight gain (304%) and minimum FCR (1.33) values were noted at 10% replacing level for above mentioned diet showed that fish was in more healthy condition as compared to control (0% MOLM) and other test diets. Digestibility coefficients for MOLM based diet at 10% replacement level of fish meal, increased 13.98%, 14.29% and 10.52% for crude fat, crude protein and...
Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad1,2, Syed Makhdoom Hussain2,*, Farhat Jabeen2, Abdullah Ijaz Hussain3, Arshad Javid4, Muhammad Asrar2 and Muhammad Zubair-ul-Hassan Arsalan2
...of live fish body weight twice a day and faeces were collected from each tank. Present research work was carried out to determine the effect of phytase supplementation on mineral digestibility and carcass composition of Catla catla fingerlings fed MOSM based diets. Phytate in plant by-products decreases the bioavailability of minerals and deposition of nutrients in fish body, resulting in poor fish growth. Results demonstrated that phytase supplementati...
Majid Hussain1, Syed Makhdoom Hussain1,*, Razia Iqbal2, Arshad Javid3, Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad1,4 and Muhammad Zubair-ul-Hassan Arsalan1
...The fingerlings were fed twice daily at the rate of 5 % of live wet body weight on their respective diets. Supplementation of CA in MOLM based diets significantly (p< 0.05) enhanced nutrient digestibility and growth performance of fingerlings as compared to control diet. Highest digestibility of crude protein (68.57%) was observed at 4% CA level, whereas highest digestibility of crude fat (72.23%) and gross energy (66.63%) was observed at 3% CA level...
Ghazunfar Rashid1, Muhammad Avais1, Syed Saleem Ahmad1, Muhammad Hassan Mushtaq2, Rais Ahmed3,*, Mahboob Ali1, Muhammad Naveed-ul-Haque4, Mehtab Ahmad5, Mumtaz Ali Khan1 and Naimat Ullah Khan6
...>(Sarson) were estimated twice a day i.e. early morning and afternoon. The fodder samples were collected from different villages of Okara, Pattoki and Ravi areas of the Province Punjab. Nitrate contents of different parts of the fodder plants were estimated qualitatively through the Diphenylamine Filed Test (DFT) and quantitatively by spectrophotometry. The nitrate levels were highest in Jowar, followed by Jai, Shaljam, Makai, Bajra and Sarson. The conc...
Jafar Aqeel Naqi1, Abdul Mateen1, Dilawar Hussain2,*, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir2, Sajjad Hussain1 and Abuzar Tabasum1
...fed at 6% of body weight twice, daily. Feed utilization was estimated in terms of feed conversion ratio (FCR). The growth was measured in terms of total weight gain (TWG) and length of the body was calculated. At the end of the trial, immune response monitored in terms of hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Ht), white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentratio...
Asim Faraz1,*, Muhammad Younas2, Abdul Waheed1, Muhammad Yaqoob2 and Kashif Ishaq3
Yuyu Wang, Gangchun Xu*, Zhijuan Nie, Quanjie Li, Nailin Shao and Pao Xu*
...ectively). Fish were fed twice daily (08:00 and 17:00), and the daily ration feed was 4% of the body weight. No significant differences were observed in growth, digestive enzyme activity and antioxidant status between fish reared at two stocking densities (P>0.05). Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), cortisol and lysozyme in serum showed no significant differences b...
Aftab Shaukat1,*, Khalid Medmood3, Irfan Shaukat2, Tauseef ur Rehman3, Muhammad Ahsan Naeem1,5, Ashar Mehfooz1, Muhammad Ijaz Saleem1, Zia-ud-Din Sindhu1, Shahid Ali Rajput4, Mubashar Hassan1,4, Saqib Umar1, Muhammad Ali Jamil1, Rao Zahid Abbas1 and Anas Sarwar Qureshi1
...propionate (5mg/kg, I/M, twice 7 days apart) compared to Enrofloxacin (12.5 mg/kg, I/V, once/day for 5 days) and Imidocarb dipropionate (5mg/kg, I/M, twice 7 days apart) combination.
...
Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad1*, Syed Makhdoom Hussain2, Afia Muhammad Akram1, Arshad Javid3, Majid Hussain5, Syed Zakir Hussain Shah4 and Asma Chaudhary1
...of 4% of live wet weight twice a day and faeces were collected from each tank. On the basis of results it was noted that phytase supplementation showed significant (p<0.05) improvement in growth indices (WG%, FCR, SGR) and digestibility of nutrients (i.e. CP, EE and GE) when C. catla fingerlings were fed at 900 FTU kg-1 level in MOLM based diet. It was further noted that phytase supplementation decreased the discharge of nutrients t...
Qaisar Jamal*, Akram Shah, Syed Basit Rasheed and Muhammad Adnan
...lla as one and a half to twice the body. The nectomonads changed to leptomonads with a ratio of 5% and 44% on day 2and 3 respectively. The body to flagellum ratio decreased in leptomonads giving a wider and shorter appearance than the nectomonads. On day 4, the log phase, the metacyclic promastigotes appeared in the culture. The metacyclic to leptomonad to nectomonad ratio was 27%, 43% and 29% respectively. The ratio of metacyclics steadily increased towards t...
Saeed Murtaza1, Abdul Sattar1*, Nasim Ahmad1, Muhammad Ijaz2, Maqsood Akhtar3 and Muhammad Shahzad4
...nistered to each buffalo twice daily @10IU and 30IU into group-2 and group-3 respectively, whereas, saline into group-1 within one week of post calving for 48 days. Ultrasonography was performed twice a week to monitor involution changes while milk composition analysis was done once a week. Results depicted that initially, anechoic lumen filled areas with echogenic border in cervix and uterus was found but at involution, cer...
Saeed Ahmed Shah Chishti1, Saba Aleem1*, Iram Sharif2, Kashif Nadeem1, Nusrat Parveen1 and Muhammad Najeebullah1
...hlorophenoxy acetic acid twicely when the minimum temperature was ranged between 12.5-23°C. Likewise, maximum yield per plant 7.08 kg was also obtained with the same treatment when the minimum temperature was between 2-7.5°C. This gain was primarily due to increased yield per cluster, fruits per cluster, fruit weight and fruit diameter in both minimum night temperature conditions (12.5-23°C and 2-7.5°C). 87 % gain in yield per plant was observe...
Renlong Lv1*, Ken-Ichi Horiguchi2, Shin-Ichi Tagawa3, Shoichi Ichihara4 and Norio Yoshida5
...experiment was performed twice (experiment I and II). The subjects were 6 wethers. They were divided into two treatments (rapeseed diet and jatropha diet) randomly and were tested by using a cross over method. Rapeseed meal and jatropha meal were relaced to the feed as a concentrate with proportion of 5% in experiment I and 10% in experiment II. The ingestion rate of sheep fed the jatropha diet was lower than that of the rapeseed diet. The feed of jatropha die...
Asim Faraz1*, Abdul Waheed1, Annamaria Passantino2, Ayman Balla Mustafa3, Nasir Ali Tauqir4, Naeem Ullah Khan5, Muhammad Shahid Nabeel6
...ight. Water was provided twice a day. In blood-biochemical analyses, level of Hb (hemoglobin) concentration (P<0.05) was found to be significantly different as 16.4±0.14 and 16.8±0.09 (g/dL) with G1 and G2, respectively. The concentration levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, urea, creatinine, albumin, total-protein, glucose, Ca and P were found significantly (P<0.05) varied among groups. Regarding hair mineral profile, concentrations of Cu...
Daniel Masood1, Noor Khan1*, Khalid Javed Iqbal2, Sadaf Dogar1, Abdul Hanan1, Sadia Nazir1, Sheeza Bano1, Azra Anwar2, Sameul A.M. Martin3 and Chris J. Secombes3
...ing trial. Fish were fed twice daily with four different iso-nitrogenous diets at a feeding level of 3% of total biomass. The diets contained 26% crude protein in which moringa meal substituted soybean meal at 0% (control), 10%, 20% and 30%, with the groups fed these dietsdesignated as T0, T1, T2 and T3, respectively. The highest weight gain (254.00±4.24 g) was recorded in T3 and lowest in T0 <...
Fermín López-Uriostegui1, Jesus T. Ponce-Palafox2*, Fabiola Lango-Reynoso1, María R. Castañeda-Chávez1, Itzel Galaviz-Villa1, Sergio Castillo-Vargasmachuca2 and Arturo Ruiz Luna3
...atio of 10% body weight, twice a day (10:00 and 18:00 h). The optimal growth intervals were from 26 to 29°C and from 3 to 11‰ of salinity, and survival was at 23 to 29°C and 0 to 5‰. The greatest effect of the temperature-salinity interaction was on the upper extremes of response. The analysis of response surfaces showed that the final weight and weight gain increased as temperature increased and, in the upper end, salinity had a linear s...
Yue Qin Song, Hui Zhong Sun* and Jun Feng Dong
...ssion level in males was twice as that of females. Our study provides valuable biological information for studying the olfactory communication system of Y. signatus.
... 
M. Rufai1† , A. A.Wahab2 , Q. O. Adeshina1 , J. C. Umehokoh1 and O. O.Ologunro1
Occurrence of entomopathogenic nematodes in Osun State, Southwestern Nigeria
...soil samples were baited twice using last instar larvae of the Galleria mellonella (greater wax moth) for presence of entomopathogenic nematodes. Four EPN isolates were recovered viz., Heterorhabditis indica, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, Steinernema karii and Steinernema wesieri. Of a total of 110 soil samples examined, EPNs were found in 90.90% soil samples, they belonged to the genera Steinernema and Heterorhabditis. Steinernema spp. was found prevalent in...
Magbolah Salem Helal Alzahrani
... 50% V/V (2ml/kg b. wt.) twice a week for 2 weeks to induce chronic liver damage. After injection of CCl4, blood samples were obtained using the retro-orbital method to confirm liver damage and estimate liver function. Rats given CCl4 prior to feeding M. chamomilla demonstrated decrease in serum lipoprotein HDL, LDL, VLDL fraction levels, indicating liver damage. Rats given CCl4 and fed on 5% M. chamomilla showed ...
Kui Li1, Lijun Li1, Jialun Fu2, Yi He2, Zhaohui Song2, Shuiping Zhou2, Luobu Gesang1* and Rui Liu2*
... incidence and severity, twice a day, during the research period. AMS was further diagnosed when headaches and LLSS≥ 3 were present. A total of 54 subjects completed the study and no significant difference was observed in the number of individuals with AMS between the groups. However, during the whole observation period, the LLSS values for comprehensive AMS symptoms in the group receiving CDDPs indicated lower occurrence than those in the placebo (CON) gro...
Ali Hazrat1*, Mohammad Nisar1, Khan Sher2, Jehandar Shah2, Tour Jan1 and Abid Ullah1
Taxonomic and Medicinal Study of Papilionaceae of District Upper Dir, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
...spoon of powder is taken twice a day for one week to cure jaundice, Vicia faba can be eaten before it is fully ripened in the same way as broad beans, fully ripened seed requires overnight soaking to soften it before cooking. All the species of the selected family are reported for the first time and studied for medicinal purposes....
Blood Biochemical and Hair Mineral Profile of Camel Calves Reared under Different Management Systems
Asim Faraz*
...lves had access to water twice daily. In blood biochemicals analyses the levels of hemoglobin, cholesterol, triglycerides, total protein, albumin, calcium and phosphorus were found to be significantly different higher in IMS compared to SIMS and EMS. The levels of urea, creatinine and glucose were found to be varied (P>0.05) among groups. Regarding hair mineral status Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn concentrations were found to be significantly different (P<0....
Faiqah Ramzan1,2,*, Irfan Zia Qureshi2 and Muhammad Haris Ramzan3
...ale Sprague Dawley rats, twice daily for 12 days, at three different dosage regimens: 10ρg, 1ηg and 1µg compared to control (saline-treated) rats. Effects on pituitary gonadotropins [Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH)], secretion of testosterone and spermatogenesis were evaluated on alternate day for one spermatogenic cycle. Major techniques applied were; radioimmunoassay, light microscopy and stereology. Histological...
Arnab Tanveer, Shabana Naz*, Azhar Rafique and Asma Ashraf
...h anthelminthic drug and twice after treatment and brought to laboratory for qualitative and quantitative analysis. Direct smear method and fecal floatation technique was used for isolation and identification of endo-parasites. Modified McMaster technique was used to calculate Eggs per gram. The data was subjected to ANOVA and Tukey-HSD (post hoc test). Six species of endo-parasites were identified from Jallo Wildlife Park. Eimeria (7500) and Ascaris...
Asim Faraz1*, Abdul Waheed1, Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq1 and Muhammad Shahid Nabeel2
...ghts. Water was provided twice a day. Daily weight gain was 953±50 and 996±40 g/d with 18% and 22% levels of protein ration, respectively while average DMI of concentrate, fodder and crop residues was 2.93±0.15, 3.00±0.16 and 1.31±0.08; 2.94±0.07, 3.03±0.07 and 1.31±0.03 kg/d, respectively with 18% and 22% levels of protein rations. These findings did not differ significantly (P>0.05). The calves gaine...
Alamaary Mohaammed Saad1,3, Abd Wahid Haron1*, Mohamed Ali2,
Mark Wen Han Hiew1 and Lawan Adamu1
... three healthy stallions twice a week for the experiments 1 and 2. All ejaculates were divided into two parts of ten ejaculates each, ten ejaculates for cysteine in experiment 1 and the other ten for ascorbic acid groups in experiment 2. Each ejaculate from an individual horse was divided into six equal parts of the study, and they were cryopreserved using the same procedure. Different concentrations of either cysteine (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4mg/ml) or ascor...
Asim Faraz1*, Abdul Waheed1 and Nasir Ali Tauqir2
...zing/browsing along with twice watering on daily basis. In hair minerals analyses, the levels of minerals including calcium, magnesium, copper, zinc, iron and manganese were determined via standard lab procedures. Data collected was analyzed statistically by applying t test (α=0.05). The average mean values of macro minerals (Ca, Mg) and trace elements (Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn) were found to be 521.6±11.1, 82.3±4.9; 5.6±0.2, 55.0±2.9, ...
Sajid Ali1, Muhammad Avais1*, Aneela Zameer Durrani1, Kamran Ashraf2, Saira Jabeen1, Sajid Hameed3, Muhammad Awais1, Jawaria Ali Khan1 and Imtiaz Ahmad4
...o be lame than cows with twice-a-year hoof trimming. Similarly, cows in environmentally controlled sheds had a 2.6 times higher probability of lameness than cows kept in open sheds. Moreover, prevalence of lameness was significantly associated (P<0.05) with the seasons of the year; highest in wet summer while lowest in spring. Among the hoof and claw lesions, sole ulcer was significantly (P <0.05) more prevalent than white line disease, sol...
Majed Rafeeq1,*, Nadeem Rashid1, Muhammad Masood Tariq1, Irfan Shahzad Sheikh1, Muhammad Zahid Mustafa1, Muhammad Shafee1, Khalid Mehmood1, Rana Muhammad Bilal2 and Tauseef Asmat1
...easured feed was offered twice a day and drinking water was offered ad-libitum. Growth performance parameters, hematology, serum biochemistry, immune response (ND and SRBC), intestinal histo-morphology, bacterial enumeration and cecal volatile fatty acids (VFAs) were measured. There were significant improvements in weight gain (WG), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and average daily gain (ADG) in the treatment groups supplemented with extract (P<0.05) com...
Asim Faraz1*, Abdul Waheed1, Nasir Ali Tauqir2 and Muhammad Shahid Nabeel3
..., 6-8 hours browsing and twice-watering was performed. Blood biochemicals were studied by using standard kits through biochemistry analyzer. The glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride values (P<0.05) were found to be 136.68±5.46, 57.12±4.44, 35.18±3.26 and 142.62±4.38, 59.32±4.26, 36.97±3.63 mg/dl respectively in August and February, being elevated in rut-camels. The total protein, urea and creatinine concentrations ...
Mukhtar Iderawumi Abdulraheem1*, Muhammad Ihtisham2*, Abiodun Yusuff Moshood3, Nawab Khan4, Muhammad Owais Shahid5, Shafiq Hussain6, Kumail Abbas6 and Fawad Zaman7
...g, weeding once, weeding twice, and weeding thrice, whereas mulching types comprised of three levels i.e., no mulching, dry grasses mulching, and polythene mulching. The findings revealed that all of the okra plants tested were susceptible to virus infections regardless of treatment. Those who had a treatment combination of three weedings and polythene mulching, on the other hand, had the lowest incidence and severity of viral infection, while those who receiv...
Shabana Naz1*, Nishat Ali Khan1, Arnab Tanweer1, Shifa Moazzam1, Qudrat Ullah2, Farkhanda Asad1, Irfan Khattak3, Sajida Batool4 and Rifat Ullah Khan5
...nce before treatment and twice after treatment with Albendazole and Levamisole. The efficacy of Albendazole and the Levamisole against parasites was calculated. The fecal samples were examined by using flotation and modified Macmaster’s egg counting technique. The results showed that 21 peafowl (8 males and 13 females) were infected with Eimeria sp. (66.33 %), Ascaridia sp. (3.33 %,) Strongyloides sp. (3....
Asim Faraz1*, Abdul Waheed1, Nasir Ali Tauqir2 and Muhammad Shahid Nabeel3
...ight. Water was provided twice a day. Non-significant daily weight gain (DWG) was observed as 948±40 and 991±30 g/d while dry matter intake (DMI) of concentrate, fodder and gram straw was 2.9±0.15, 3.0±0.16 and 1.5±0.08; 2.9±0.07, 3.0±0.07 and 1.3±0.03 kg/d with diet 1 and 2, respectively. Haemoglobin concentration (P<0.05) was found to be 16.4±0.14 and 16.8±0.09 (g/dl) with diet 1 and 2,...
Wassan Mhammed Husain1*, Zainab Sattar Ali2
...every day by gavage. G3: twice a week, they were given 500 mg/kg B.W. of CCL4 mixed with an equivalent volume of olive oil (o.5 ml/kg B.W.). G4: were treated twice a week with 500 mg/kg BW of CCL4 mixed with an equivalent amount of olive oil (o.5 ml/kg BW) and gavaged with (0.035 mg/kg BW) of Phitofert ® daily. In the tenth and twenty-eighth of the experiment, blood samples were taken by heart puncture for serum collecti...
Syed Makhdoom Hussain1,*, Hina Gohar1, Muhammad Asrar1, Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad2, Azhar Rasul1, Majid Hussain3, Muhammad Zubair ul Hassan Arsalan1, Nisar Ahmad4 and Aqsa Sharif1
... from each tank was done twice a day. Impact of each treatment on the absorption of minerals, proximate analysis and hematology were determined using standard methods and formulae. Highest minerals absorption (Ca, Na, K, Fe, Cu, P, Mg and Al) was observed in the fish fed at 400mg/kg of polyphenols in canola meal based diets. Similarly, best hematological parameters (RBCs, WBCs, PLT, Hb, PCV, MCHC, MCH and MCV) as well as proximate composition (crude protein, c...
Safdar Ali1*, Muhammad Amir Hanif1, Muhammad Umar1, Amir Manzoor1, Obaidullah Shafique1, Bashir Ahmad Khan2 and Ijaz Ahmed3
...es were used as once and twice application, i.e., Buctril Super (Bromoxinil 30% with MCPA 30% w/v), Ally Max (Metsulfuron Methyl 14.3% w/w with Tribenuron Methyl 14.3% w/w), Starane M (Fluroxypyre 10% with MCPA 40% w/w) and Clean wave (Aminopyralid 1% with Fluroxypyre14% w/w) at recommended doses. A weedy check and a weed free plot were also kept for comparison. Results showed that in comparison to control plot (weedy check), there was 73.41% increase in the g...
Hung Van Mai1, Tuan Duc Nguyen2, Nang Thu Tran Thi3 and Hung Phuc Nguyen4*
...diet). Each diet was fed twice daily to three groups of juvenile pompano (20 fish/group, 36 g/fish) for 4 weeks. The results showed that the plasma total cholesterol level, liver lipid content, intestinal total BA concentration, intestinal lipase activity, and lipid ADC were significantly higher in the FSBM1D and FSBM3D groups than the SBMD group (P < 0.05). These parameters tended to increase in the FSBM2D group as compared to the SBMD group, although the ...
Muhammad Hanif Khan1, Syed Muhammad Suhail2, Hayaz uddin1, Aitbar Khan3, Rashid Ahmed Magsi3, Rajwali Khan2*, Iftikhar Ahmed2, Asim Ijaz2 and Khalid Khan2
...d production requirement twice daily. Group A animals were considered as control with no supplementation of yeast culture, while Group B and C animals were supplemented with 20 g/day and 40 g/day of yeast culture respectively and were considered as treatment groups. Water was provided ad libitum to all groups. Yeast culture (YC) supplementation significantly (p<0.001) increased the average daily milk yield. The highest milk yield 10.84±1.17 kg/day wa...
Ni Putu Vidia Tiara Timur1*, Maria Maliga Vernandes Sasadara2, Purwanta1, Anak Agung Jayawardhita3
...aspiration was performed twice, collecting a 8 cc and 5 cc clear yellowish fluid for each aspiration. The surgical treatment was decided as the best treatment to be performed to avoid repeated aspiration. Surgery was performed to remove the mandibular and sublingualis glands under general anasthesia using a combination of Ketamin and Xylacine ad the sedative agent. The dog was prescribed five days post-surgery medication using an antibiotic, an anti-inflammato...
Hanan A. Abo-State*, Mosaad M. El-Monairy, Yasser A. Hamouda, Hussein M.A. Hassan
...ll groups were fed diets twice a day during the trial period (56 day) at 5% of body weight for the first two weeks thereafter at 4% for the last period. The results showed that the best values of specific growth rate, final weight, weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were obtained with fish fed diet supplemented 75% PSO followed by 50% PSO. The best values of protein efficiency ratio and protein productive value was obtained with fish fed 75% PS...
Ahmed Alazzouni1, Ashraf Al-Brakati2,*, Sherif Rabie1, Mohamed Gabry1 and Basmaa Hassan1
...control, benzene (0.2 ml twice/week), Moringa oleifera (100 mg/kg), curcumin (300 mg/kg), green tea (350 mg/kg), combined green tea and curcumin, and cyclophosphamide (7.5 mg/kg) groups. All groups were treated for one month after the induction of leukemia. We found that the extracts ameliorated most histopathological changes in MLNs and spleens in rats exposed to benzene, restoring normal mast cell counts and elastic fiber area percent in a benzene-induced le...
Abdul Malik Ahmed, Bhargav Bhushan Nath, Ayub Ali, Jiten Sarma, Bipul Phukan, Imtiaz Ahmed* and Jyotirmoyee Das
...ng Gudusia chapra breeds twice a year. The species was recorded to be highly fecund with fecundity ranging from 7,095-48,238. The relationship between fecundity and variables viz total length, body weight and ovary weight were observed to be linear and highly significant (r =0.979)....
Alsi Dara Paryuni1, Soedarmanto Indarjulianto2, Tri Untari3 and Sitarina Widyarini4*
...f 2% ketoconazole cream, twice a day for 21 days. Results showed that all of cats positive infected with Microsporum canis. Feature of the skin of cats infected by Microsporum canis demonstrates erythema, scale, crust, and circular alopecia. At day-21, antifungal treatment not only diminished by approximately 85% of the clinical feature of the skin lesion of cat’s dermatophytosis but also resulted in the disappearance of the fungi. To conclude, topically...
Ezz Ibrahim Khalifa, Ahmed Loly Ibrahim Desoky, Adel AbdElaziz Elbadawy, Gamal Ibrahim El-Emam, Tarek Messlam Mahmoud Mahdy*
... five adult Rahmani rams twice-weekly for five weeks. Semen was pooled, split into five replicates, and prepared to be frozen. In 1st replicate, semen was extended in Tris egg yolk (TEY) is contained synthetic sources of energy (fructose), antibiotics (penicillin and streptomycin), and antioxidants (vitamin E), which served as control extender (E0). However, 2nd, 3rd, 4thand 5th replicates were serviced as trial extenders as E1, E2, E3, and E4, which supplied ...
Asim Faraz1*, Nasir Ali Tauqir2, Abdul Waheed1, Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq1, Syeda Maryam Hussain3, Riaz Hussain Mirza1, Rana Muhammad Bilal2, Muhammad Arslan Akbar4 and Muhammad Shahid Nabeel5
..., natural vegetation and twice day water. Deworming was performed before the start of trial. Haematological and blood biochemical parameters such as haemoglobin (Hb), red-blood-cells (RBC) and white-blood-cells (WBC) count, packed-cell-volume (PCV), glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, total protein, urea and creatinine concentrations were analyzed on haematology and biochemistry analyzer. The mean Hb concentration (P<0.05) was found to be 14.77±0.76...
Wael Mohamed Wafa1*, Mohammed Mahmoud Hegazy1, Mohamed Mohamed El-said Ibrahim1, Hamdy Abdala El-Nagar1, Rehab Fawzy Ismail2
...ated with 300 ml GL/head/twice/week (GG) or daily 25 g PF/100 LBW (PFG) from 14 to 18 month of age. Results showed that PFG achieved the highest (P<0.05) body weights, weight gains, and body measurements at puberty, 1st service, and conception. Values of red and white blood cells, hemoglobin, packed cell volume, plasma total proteins, globulin, glucose, total cholesterol, total lipids, and triglycerides increased (P<0.05), while those of urea-N, creatini...
Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad1*, Hamna Rashid1, Syed Makhdoom Hussain2, Sana Bashir1, Fatima Khalid1 and Nisar Ahmad3
...given to the fingerlings twice a day for 10 weeks. The hematological profile of an animal is a reflection of its immunological status. Results showed significant improvement in the hematological indices and proximate composition of catla fingerlings. The highest carcass composition (CP 18.84%, CF 9%, GE 2.44 kcal/g) was found in fish fed on test diet III supplemented with 2g/kg of probiotics. Similarly, counts of RBCs (2.75 106 mm-3), WBCs (7.87 103 mm-3), Hb ...
Abdullah Iqbal1, Muhammad Abubakar2, Shumaila Manzoor3, Muhammad Kamran Ameen4 and Rani Faryal1*
...days. Group 3 goats were twice dewormed with Fenbendazole. Group 4 bucks were kept as controls. All bucks were vaccinated with the Pestivac vaccine. Antibodies detection was done using competitive ELISA from serum samples. Antigen shedding by vaccinated animals via nasal and fecal route was checked by the haemagglutination test and RT-PCR. All group 2 bucks, developed humoral protection against PPR within the 1st week. Only, 50 percent bucks of group 1 develop...
Ibrahim El-Ratel1*, Mostafa El-Moghazy2, Amira El-Gaml2, Ibrahim Abu El-Naser2
...then semen was collected twice/week for 12 weeks. Results revealed that all PEE levels decreased libido and abnormality of spermatozoa, while increased semen size and percentages of motility, acrosome status, integrity of membrane, total sperm output, sperm concentration, sperm mitochondrial potential, and initial semen fructose. All PEE levels increased serum follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, testosterone, immunoglobulin, and antibody titer, ...
Shakeel Ahmed Wagan1, Akeel Ahmed Memon1, Qudratullah Kalwar2*, Asmatullah kaka1, Mohammad Farooque Hassan2, Hidayatulah Soomro2, Safia Kadhro3, Abdullah Sethar4 and Muhammad Jehangeer5
...experiment was conducted twice in a year i.e. in October to January, n=40 (Peak breeding season) and March to May, n=40 (Low breeding season). Animals were divided into three groups (A, B and C). In group A, 02ml I/M injection of GnRH (25µg lecirelin acetate) were injected on day 0 and 9th of the treatment. On 7th day 05ml I/M injection of PGF2α analogue (5mg/ml dinoprost tromethamine) was administered. The group B animals received same treatment b...
Aulia Evi Susanti1*, Rudy Priyanto2, Muladno2, Dewi Apri Astuti3, Lucia Cyrilla2
...ng frequency concentrate twice with an interest rate of 6%. The feed application experimental design used a factorial 3x2 Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 10 replications. A descriptive analysis was conducted to evaluate the corporate model’s production system and business management. Production analysis was analyzed using ANOVA and data were processed using R studio software version 4.1.2. Furthermore, the observed parameters include average daily gai...
A. Yu. Aliev1*, A.A., Aliev1, A.M. Musaev1, M.Z. Magomedov2
... ml / kg body weight, in twice a day until complete recovery and oxytocin, at a dose of 5 units in once a day on of the first 2 days of treatment, and also of carry out arrogant novocaine blockade according to D.D. Logvinov, twice 0.25% novocaine of solution, at a dose of 0.5 ml / kg body weight. In the experimental group, where the complex antimicrobial preparation Dioxinor was used, the effectiveness of treating serous mas...
Seyedmohammad Karimi1, Mohammad Darvishi2*, Mohammad Barati3, Ramin Hamidi Frahani4, Mohammad Hassan Kazemi5
...ylcysteine 600 mg tablet twice daily and melatonin 6 mg tablet at bedtime. The second group received placebos with the same appearance. Liver enzymes of all patients were serially evaluated and then demographic and lab datas were extracted. Mann-Whitney test, Chi-square test and independent t-test were used for analysis of data. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. No significant difference was seen between case and control groups regarding ag...
Faustin Dokui1*, Frédéric M. Houndonougbo1, Service G. Djidda1, Venant P. Houndonougbo1, Edith Gangbedji1, Gwladys Menon Agbo2, Sedjro Ludolphe Dedome2, Séverin Babatoundé1, Soumanou Seibou Toleba1, Christophe A.A.M. Chrysostome1
...s. Milking was performed twice a day. The cows were weighed weekly to evaluate the effect of supplementation and milking on their body weight. The intake from cows in the LS2 treatment group, which was fed stone rich in crude protein and molasses, was higher compared to the other groups during the dry season and higher than the intake of the treatment group fed with salt-poor stone during the experiment period. Cows in the LS2 treatment group produced much mor...
Athhar Manabi Diansyah1, Muhammad Yusuf2*, Abdul Latief Toleng2, Muhammad Ihsan Andi Dagong2, Tulus Maulana3, Hasrin4, Abdullah Baharun5
...lled bulls were obtained twice weekly using an artificial vagina. The semen samples were immediately sent to the laboratory for processing. Parameters measured were sperm motility, abnormality, viability, acrosome integrity, and membrane integrity. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS/MS) analysis was used to assess the confirmation profile protein of seminal plasma. The conception rate from artificial insemination was used to determine the fertility ...
Nasratullah Baloch1*, Naeem Tariq Narejo2, Hamida Narejo3, Muhammad Farooq Hassan4, Muhammad Hanif Chandio5, Faheem Saddar6, Dharti Shahnawaz Thebo7, Ghulam Abbas8 and Shahnaz Rashid8
... were taken into account twice in a month from sampling area during the whole period of research. The temperature found to be varied from 21-35.7oC, pH8.0-8.1, DO 3.57–5.0 mg/l, salinity 34.2-39.9 mg/l and transparency 38.5-53.0 µS/cm. Lastly it was resolved that the atmosphere of Sonmiani bay found to be supportive for the aquatic biota (zoo and phytoplankton) which in turn conducive for the rearing of commercial fish species in it....
Anhar Ibrahim Elhanafy*, Amr Mohamed Mousa, Amaal Mohamed Kamal
...ng < 0.3 mg BV/rabbit twice weekly. ...
Munasik*, Titin Widiyastuti, Caribu Hadi Prayitno
...h treatment was repeated twice, followed by an orthogonal polynomial test. The variables observed were nutrient contents, including moisture, crude fat, crude protein, crude fiber, NFE, calcium and phosphor, and anti-nutritional phytic acid. The results showed that the fermentation process using red oncom mushrooms enriched with Na-glutamate improved the nutritional level of the cassava-tofu dreg mixture. Although the NFE content decreased, the crude fiber con...
Chang-Man Kim1, Sam-Churl Kim2 , Young-Ho Joo2, In-Hag Choi3*
...nia levels were measured twice a week at 90 cm height and ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, and dimethyl sulfide levels were measured twice a week at 10 cm height from the pig slurry pits. Over time, the addition of 0.05% and 0.1% AlCl3 decreased overall ammonia and hydrogen sulfide losses and average ammonia and hydrogen sulfide levels at 10 cm height and overall ammonia losses at 90 cm height from the pig slurry...
Skenndri Safae1*, Charrat Nadia2, Jmiai Mehdi3, Nassik Saadia1
...ch farm was then sampled twice on day 11 and day 35 of the same production cycle. In order to evaluate the gut health of the broilers, we used a panel of tools and techniques, ranging from numerical tools used to gather data from the farms to bacteriological material geared toward pathogens detection. The microscopic lesions found on most of the farms of the P group on day 35 indicated the ongoing of a regenerative process, contrarily to the farms of the D and...
Xiaoyan Yang1* and Xiuli Xu2
...-like test was more than twice as positive in the case group as in the control group. Therefore, influenza-like infection is a risk factor for heart attack and getting an influenza vaccine is recommended for people who are prone to heart disease....
Kazi Afsana Homayra Orchy1, Mst. Antora Akter1, Nelema Yesmin1, Md. Moshiur Rahman Khan1, Marzia Rahman2, Md. Mahmudul Alam1*
...reshly prepared hPRP gel twice a week. The control rabbits received normal saline topically. The wounds were evaluated for 45 days post-burning. Morphological features of wounds such as pain sensation, the development of crusts, exudates and pus, and morphometric assessment like wound contraction were recorded. On the 7th, 14th and 21st days post-burning, biopsies were taken for histopathological assessment. In this study, the morphological and morphometric da...
Hung Phuc Nguyen1*, Doan Van Thuoc2*, Nguyen Thi Trung Thu1, Huong Tran Thi Mai3, Nguyen Tran Khanh Hoa1, Nguyen Thi Tuyet Nhi1, Nguyen Phuong Thao1, Tran Thi Loan2 and Nguyen Thi Huyen My2
...d the experimental diets twice daily, for 8 weeks. Results showed that fish fed SR35D and SR50D had significantly lower final BW, weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR), but higher feed conversion ratio (FCR), than fish fed FMD (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, no significant differences in growth performance and feed utilization between the FSR35D and FMD groups were detected. Fish fed FSR-included diets showed significantly better growth performance and FCR...
Weijun Chen1*, Shiyang Gao1, Ping Sun1, Xiaohui Sun2, Yongbin Wei1, Jingyang Chen1 and Jialong Chen1
...perimental fish were fed twice daily for 8 weeks. The results showed that fish growth performance was not affected by experimental diets. Fish at HF group demonstrated higher content of triacylglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TCHO) in the liver. In addition, diet HF significantly increased hepatic oxidative stress by increasing malondialdehyde (MDA) content, decreasing activity levels of antioxidant enzymes and contents of reduced glutathione (GSH). Furth...
Sajid Ali1, Ghulam Abbas1, Shahnaz Rashid1, Asma Fatima1*, Abdul Malik1, Dilawer Ali1, Muneer Hussain Bijoro1, Ushra Batool Hashmi1, Rumaisa Abdul Rahim1, Shahid Hussain2, Kashif Ali3, Jabbar Memon4 and Javeria Khourshid1
...fishmeal. Feed was given twice daily by 3% of total wet body weight. Results indicated a slightly higher weight gain (WG) in T2 (44.6±0.42g) than T1 (41.6±0.49g). The condition factor was non-significant (p ˃ 0.05) among both treatment groups, whereas, food conversion ratio was significantly different (p<0.05). No mortality was observed (100% survival ratio) in both treatments. Relative growth of black fin seabream juveniles (A. berda) remain...
Tahir Rasool Qamar1, Sanaullah Iqbal1*, Muhammad Nasir1 and Habib-ur- Rehman2
...of 40 mg/kg body weight, twice a week for 2 weeks. After DHM injections, chicory powder treatments were started to group G3 as well and group G2 was DHM control group receiving only basal diet while G1 was normal control group. The amount of chicory roots powder given was 5% w/w mixed in basal diet. It was observed that group G4 showed better results overall. Enzymatic activities of pathogenic bacteria were lowest in this group and were significant (p≤0.05)...
Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad1*, Tehreem Shabbir1, Syed Makhdoom Hussain2, Fatima Yasin1, Humayoun Huma Maqbool1, Aasia Karim3
...he rate of 4% wet weight twice a day for 70 days. The results revealed that C. carpio fingerlings given 20% BM, as a protein source (BM-III) had the most improved carcass composition (crude protein; 17%, crude fat; 8%, gross energy; 3kcal/g, ash; 6% and crude fiber; 2%), immunological indices (WBCs; 7.48×103mm-3) and minerals absorption (Ca; 72.47%, Na; 67%, K; 71% and P; 73%). Results indicated that 20% replacement level of BM with the fish meal is best...
Aishat Adetola Anifowose*, Nkechi Betsy Izuogu and Benoit Katchitche Sossou
...eatments. EM was applied twice at a two-weeks interval at 4000 l/ha and 2000 l/ha for the single and combined treatments, respectively. The nematode-inoculated, untreated pots and plots served as negative controls. Generally, the increase in growth and yield parameters and decrease in nematode population was significantly higher (P=0.05) in treated plants than in control plants. Galling was most severe in negative control plants with poor yield. Even so, the y...
Lukmanhy1*, Enny Yuliani1, I Wayan Lanus Sumadiasa1, Lalu Ahmad Zaenuri1, Mardiansyah2
...n samples were collected twice a week from a 2-year-old Kacang goat using an artificial vagina. The study design consisted of three treatments; T0, T1, T2 and T3, consisting of 0%, 10%, 15%, and 20 % of sugarcane juice, respectively. The measured parameters included progressive motility, viability, and abnormalities of spermatozoa. The data obtained were analyzed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s multiple range test to determine...
Naeem Tariq Narejo1*, Muhammad Hanif Chandio2, Faheem Saddar3, Majida Parveen Narejo4, Bushra Ainy Dars5, Hafeez ur Rehman Narejo6, Athar Mustafa Laghari2, Shafiq ur Rehman Shaikh3, Shahnaz Rashid7 and Ghulam Abbas7
...rs, and feeding occurred twice daily. The findings of this study indicate that T-II demonstrated the highest performance in terms of growth metrics, followed by T-III. Conversely, a significant drop in performance was observed in T-I (p < 0.05). The highest temperature, measured at T-III, was recorded as 32 °C during the month of June. Conversely, the lowest temperature, observed at T-I, was recorded as 25.5 °C in the month of April. The month of Ju...
Jasir Hakim Hidayah1,2, Yos Adi Prakoso2, Sitarina Widyarini3*
...s, the rats were treated twice daily using various doses of calabash for seven days. On day 8, the brains were collected and processed against histopathology. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 26. The result indicated that the most efficacious dose of calabash was 2.96 mg/kg BW from the P5 group. It is supported by the minimization of infarct area in the P5 group compared to the others. Further, this dose showed a decrease in a histopathological score o...
Salema Lafta Hassan1*, Taghred Jabbar Humadai1, Sabrin Ibraheem Mohsin2
...of Pasteurella multocida twice a week for two weeks. The third group was vaccinated by I/P with 0.1 ml oil adjuvant vaccine (OAV) of Pasteurella multocida in two doses separated by two weeks. The fourth group (G4) was assigned the role of negative control at this time, the 28th day after immunization for work, serum samples were taken for passive hemagglutination test (PHA); Immunoglobulin G(IgG) detection using a chemical immunosorbent assay test. the outcome...
Irfan Ullah1, Asad Ullah2*, Tahira Tayyeb1, Rafiq Ullah1, Muhammad Hanif1, Faiza Khan3, Imad Khan2, Raheela Taj4, Fatima Syed4, Shumaila Gul5, Muhammad Sadeeq6, Muneeb Islam7, Arsalan Khan8 and Khudija Ghani9
...control provided with BD twice a day. Group-B was positive control group fed with 15mg DEX/kg twice/day. The Group-C was fed with BD+0.2mgSe+15mg DEX/kg. Similarly, Group-D was fed with BD+0.3mgSe+15mgDEX. Group-E was fed with BD+0.4mgSe+15mg DEX/kg. Two chicks were randomly slaughtered from each replicate and blood glucose level, kidney function and liver enzyme were examined. After slaughtering, the collected blood was cen...
Nurcholis1*, Syetiel M. Salamony1, Abdullah Baharun2
...n artificial vagina (AV) twice weekly at the Semangga District Animal Health Center from August to September 2023. Semen diluted to a minimum of 25 million/mL is packaged in 0.25 mL straws. Treat Andromed® as a comparison, P0 tris egg yolk (TYE), P1 TYE+MYE 1 mL, P2 TYE+MYE 2 mL. The parameters observed include fresh semen quality, sperm motility, sperm viability, sperm membrane integrity, and recovery rate. The results showed that MYE 2 mL supplementation...
Nawab Ali1, Akeel Ahmed Memon1, Asmatullah kaka1, Amjad Hussain Mirani2, Muhammad Ibrahim Panhwar3*, Nisar Ahmed Solangi1, Kashif Ali Malik1, Fazul U Rahman1, Moin Akhtar Vistro1
...ing an artificial vagina twice a week. Following the semen collection, ejaculates were assessed through macroscopic and microscopic evaluation. Semen ejaculates having ≥ 80% motility, morphology, and live-dead ratio were pooled and diluted in Tris-based Egg Yolk (TEY) extender supplemented with various concentrations of selenium, i.e., group A control (0mM), group B (2mM), group C (4mM) and group D (6mM). Results showed significantly (P<0.05) higher moti...
Mushtaq A.Alabodi1*, Imad Majeed Almeeni2
... the cats were monitored twice a day to determine the sexual behavior of estrus based on clinical signs, using a male detector and taking a swab from the vagina to confirm the estrus phase. Also, on days 14, 30 and 60 after treatment, reproductive hormones (estrogen and progesterone) were analyzed in the blood. The results of the current study revealed that interestrus days were significantly higher in the G2 group (111.00 ± 2.68 days) compared to the G...
Sardar Muhammad Rafique
...Kg K. The experiment was twice replicated. The study has revealed that floristic composition of grass and forbs
species had improved manifolds. The vegetation cover percentage, herbage production, species composition, species distribution and number of species had increased under combined effects of protection and fertilizer application. The Poa alpine - Potentilla fragarioides vegetation type was transformed to Poa alpine - Digitaria sanguinalis
Ashiq Ahmad and M. Ismail Chaudhry
...are uprooted. They breed twice a year and usually give birth to tow young ones who live initially in mother's milk switching to tender barks 2-3 months later.
...
Mukondwa Olivia1, Rugare Joyful Tatenda1, Mabasa Stanford1 and Mandumbu Ronald2*
... experiment was repeated twice over time. Results showed that there was a significant (P < 0.01) effect of sorghum and pearl millet cultivars on germination / emergence and dry weight of goose grass and blackjack. It was established that sorghum and pearl millet cultivars has no significant (P > 0.05) effect on germination of upright starbur and pearl millet landrace. However upright starbur dry weight was significant affected by sorghum and millets plan...
Ibrahim Ali1,2, Hanan Mohamed Fathy Abdien1*, Wael Kamel Elfeil1, Mohsen Mohamed Zaky ElDemerdash1, Mohamed Ali Zain El-Abideen2,3, Walid Hamdy Kilany2,3
...p (G1-G4) was vaccinated twice at day 7 and 21 of age. Meanwhile, G5 treated with (H5N8+ISA70) received the primary vaccination dose intramuscularly only on day 7 of age. Group G6 served as a positive control (untreated and challenged), and G7 served as a negative control (untreated and unchallenged). Chickens were challenged at day 35 of age with 106 EID50 of widely circulating H5N8 strain in Egypt to evaluate vaccine potency, efficacy, and safety. Results in...
Bioecology, Diversity and Distribution of Avian Fauna in Bajaur Valley, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Rahmat Ullah Khan* and Karim Gabol
...e survey was established twice a day at dawn (from 06:00 am to 11:00 am) and dusk (from 02:30 pm to 07:00 pm), respectively. Both direct observations and indirect proofs were recorded from all habitats through line transect and point count methods. A total of eighty-three bird species were reported that belonged to 15 orders and 40 families; of these, the Passeriformes was the dominant order. However, the habitat having the richest average avian diversity was;...
