Aqila Shaheen and Mehwish Matien
... soil type and vegetation....
Mohammad Raoofi and Mohammad Taghi Alebrahim
...f area and percentage of vegetation cover as well as increased the nutritional value of alfalfa in terms of nutrient elements, proteins and factors such as ADF, Ash, CF, NDF....
Kanwer Shahzad Ahmed1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1,*, Muhammad Ather Rafi2, Fatima Sellami3 and Muhammad Afzal1
...lected from all types of vegetation and were identified up to species level by means of external morphology, published descriptions and male genitalia micrometry. Nine species were identified belonging to 9 genera and 4 subfamilies occurring along with 10 trophic associations. Five species viz; Coccinella septempunctata (Linnaeus 1758), Hippodamia variegata (Goeze 1777), Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fabricius 1781), Micraspis allardi (M...
Jie Wu1, Jiagui Zhu2, Ke Wang2, Dejing Cai2, Yingying Liu1, Yanzhen Bu1,* and Hongxing Niu1,*
...otal variance, including vegetation, interference, nest position and food factors, which best reflected the habitat site selection of the crested ibis. The crested ibis were more likely to choose higher tree nests that were closer to residential areas and in a lower slope position in the breeding season; 2) thirty-three eggs were laid in 12 nests, the average clutch size being 2.75±0.75 (range 2-4); 3) twenty-five eggs were hatched, with the average hat...
Jie Wu1, Jiagui Zhu2, Ke Wang2, Dejing Cai2, Yingying Liu1, Yanzhen Bu1,* and Hongxing Niu1,*
...otal variance, including vegetation, interference, nest position and food factors, which best reflected the habitat site selection of the crested ibis. The crested ibis were more likely to choose higher tree nests that were closer to residential areas and in a lower slope position in the breeding season; 2) thirty-three eggs were laid in 12 nests, the average clutch size being 2.75±0.75 (range 2-4); 3) twenty-five eggs were hatched, with the average hat...
Rana Manzoor Ahmad1,2, Abdul Majid Khan1,*, Ghazala Roohi3 and Muhammad Akhtar1
...are due to the climatic, vegetational, ecological and faunal changes during these time spans. These early Miocene to Pleistocene stress events may have played a key role in evolution and speciation of the Siwalik fauna especially the mammals....
Tariq Mahmood*1, Syed Wasif Ahmed Shah1, Muhammad Rais1, Hira Fatima1, Faraz Akrim1 and Muhammad Sajid Nadeem2
... bird species in various vegetation types and observing birds on the nest. The nests were monitored for breeding activity of the particular bird species through clutch size, incubation period, and hatching success. Sixty-two active nests of various bird species were recorded; common myna Acredotheris tristis, house crow Corvus splendens, Indian robin Saxicoloides fulicatus and black drongo Dicrurus macrocerus preferred Kikar Acac...
Ayesha Aihetasham*, Faiza Qayyum and Muhammad Xaaceph
...goods, timber and forest vegetation. Present study was designed to determine the effect of fungus isolates at six different exposure times on Coptotermes heimi (Wasmann), which is one of the major destructive termites of Pakistan. Fungal conidia were repellent to C. heimi. The workers of C. heimi were exposed to fungus for 60, 45, 30, 20, 15, 10 minutes and percentage mortality and consumptions were noted during eight days period. Results showed that workers o...
Abul Hassan Faiz*, Fakhar-i-Abbas and Lariab Zahra Faiz
...lity and productivity of vegetation.
... 
Dilawar Khan*, Abid Saeed*, Junaid Ahmad*, Imtiaz Qamar**, Fazal Yazdan**, Saleem ud Din** and Muhammad Tariq**
ASSESSMENT OF RIPARIAN VEGETATION IN DHRABI WATERSHED AND CHAKWAL REGION IN PAKISTAN
...nd role of this riparian vegetation which is very helpful for integrated watershed management in different watershed areas. Dhrabi watershed is a catchments area of Dhrabi reservoir and lies in district Chakwal. There were 88 species reported in the study area. The five plant communities recognized in the Dhrabi watershed on the basis of importance value (IV) by using line transect sampling method. On the basis of top three highest IV plant community were iden...
Muhammad Mohsin Ahsan1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir2,*, Khizar Samiullah3
...sandy habitat with lower vegetation. This information furthers our scientific understanding on the existing record of this scorpion species in Pakistan.
...
Nadeem Munawar, Iftikhar Hussain and Tariq Mahmood*
...e field edges under wild vegetation which provided shelter and cover to the rodents. The study suggests that agricultural operations such as land preparation, ploughing, weeding, removal of crop cache and cutting of wild vegetation, should be encouraged to prevent establishment of rodent populations. Deep ploughing of fields immediately after harvest of crops would destroy the rodent burrow system and may expose animals to i...
Tariq Mahmood1,*, Ijaz Ahmad1, Faraz Akrim1, Abdul Hamid1, Muhammad Waseem1, Abid Hussain1 and Muhammad Sajid Nadeem2
...fferent nests. The dense vegetation consisting of Dodonaea viscosa and Poa annua provided shelter, cover and abundant supply of insects to the chicks. The study concludes that the breeding season of Chukor partridge in Dir Lower starts from February and lasts up to July, with successful nesting, egg laying and hatching.
...
Muhammad Furqan1, Usman Ali1,*, Anjum Ara1, Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad2, Muhammad Siddique Awan3, Riaz Aziz Minhas3, Khawaja Basharat Ahmad3, Qamar Zaman Qamar4 and Naeem Iftikhar Dar5
...) in May. Dominant vegetation included Acacia nilotica (IV= 108.9), Senegalia modesta (IV= 94.23), Broussonetia papyrifera (IV= 94.19), Calotropis procera (IV= 145.46), Dodonaea viscosa (IV=120.17), Cynodon dactylon (IV= 174.94), Chrysopogon serrulatus (IV=152.96) and Artemisia scoparia (IV= 105.69), Parthenium hysterophorus (IV= 113.82), Saccharum spontaneum (IV= 199.88) Ziziphus m...
Muhammad Amin1, Aftab Ahmad Khan2, Abida Perveen1, Zareen Rauf1, Sher Shah Hassan2*, Muhammad Arif Goheer2 and Muhammad Ijaz2
Ahmed Ali Samejo* and Riffat Sultana*
...egaria are voracious vegetation consumer and destructive pest to the useful plants. Morphology and morphometry of immatures of desert locust in relation to gaining of body length and weight at each consecutive stage was carried out for the purpose of investigating the role of immatures in destruction of plants in Thar Desert, Sindh. Hatchlings of solitarious S.gregaria were light green at the time of emergence, but turned over to black with yellow s...
Asad Ali Khaskheli1*, Gulfam Ali Mughal1, Gul Bahar Khaskheli2, Allah Jurio Khaskheli3, Arshad Ali Khaskheli4, Abdul Samad Magsi5, Ghulam Shabir Barham2, Arab Khan Lund5 and Maqbool Ahmed Jamali4
...n different camel browse vegetations over Thatta district. Results of current study indicated highest moisture content in Trifolium alexandrinum and lowest in Tamarix gallica. Zea mays contained considerably high organic matter. Capparis deciduas followed by Salvadora oleiodes and Ziziphus nummularia possessed significantly high concentration of crude protein. Further the Prosopis juliflora against Zea mays, in Acacia nilotica versus Alhagi maurorum, in Tamari...
Jae-Kang Lee, Hyun-Su Hwang, Tae-Kyung Eom and Shin-Jae Rhim*
...y, understory and ground vegetation coverage, the number of standing and downed trees ha-1 and the volume of downed trees ha-1 were significantly different between the pre- and post-thinning sessions. Mean density of Apodemus agrarius, A. peninsulae, and Myodes regulus were significantly different between sessions. Monthly captured adults and juveniles of A. agrarius and A. peninsulae were significantly ...
Syed Muhammad Hassan Raza1*, Syed Amer Mahmood1, Syeeda Areeba Gillani1, Syed Shehzad Hassan1, Muneeb Aamir1, Muhammad Saifullah1, Mubashar Basheer1, Atif Ahmad1, Saif-ul-Rehman2 and Tariq Ali1
Himanshu Mishra, Vikas Kumar and Ashish Kumar*
...ypes viz. lowland vegetation, upland vegetation, emergent vegetation, open water and agricultural fields, the most utilized were lowland vegetation and the emergent vegetation in the early and middle wintering stage. While in late winter, the emergent vegetation was the most u...
Chiping Kong1,2, Yongheng Wu1,2, Shangling Lou1, Benping Chen3, Simon D. Dowell4 and Yiqiang Fu1*
...bler that inhabits dense vegetation. We recorded territorial songs of male Emei Shan Liocichla from Laojunshan National Nature Reserve during the breeding season of 2016, in southern Sichuan, China. We used three methods to compare the acoustic difference among and within individuals. The results demonstrated that male Emei Shan Liocichlas had individually distinct songs and can be used to identify individuals. We also found that 4 to 5 songs were relatively c...
Nadeem Munawar1,2*, Tariq Mahmood2, Paula Rivadeneira1, Ali Akhter2 and Saqib Mehmood2
...sion of the natural wild vegetation. Livestock grazing, cutting, harvesting (for fuel wood and animal feed) and burning of field boundary vegetation are common practices that affect rodents and their habitat. During crop season, local farmers in the Pothwar agro-ecosystem in Pakistan do not manage wild vegetation on the field edges, and that may impact rodent populations near their fields....
Zhi Yi Jin and Shao Ming Qin*
...wed that safety factors (vegetation cover on both banks, distance to a mine factory and river width) were the three most important habitat factors, indicating that Scaly-sided Merganser had high requirements for shelter and safety. Twenty two species of fish belonging to eight families and three orders were identified in foraging areas of the Scaly-sided Merganser. We could identify only six fish species eaten by the merganser viz., Carassius auratus...
Asad Ali Khaskheli1*, Gulfam Ali Mughal1, Muhammad Ibrahim Khaskheli2, Gul Bahar Khaskheli3, Allah Jurio Khaskheli2 and Arshad Ali Khaskheli1
...een and assess different vegetations though browse by camels surrounding the area of Mithi (sandy desert zone), Tando Allahyar (irrigated zone) and Thatta (coastal mangroves zone) of Sindh province. The attributes like major nutrients (moisture, dry matter, total organic matter, inorganic/mineral matter (ash), ether extract, crude protein, crude fiber, nitrogen free extract and total carbohydrate contents) were included. Comprehensive survey indicated year rou...
Mubashar Hussain1*, Misbah Younas1,Muhammad Faheem Malik1, Muhammad Umar1, Maimoona Kanwal1, Moazama Batool2
... guilds, availability of vegetation types and dung preferences need to be explored.
Muhammad Safdar Hussain1*, Muhammad Farrakh Nawaz2, Muhammad Ayyoub Tanvir2 and Noor-E-Hira1
...r stress for terrestrial vegetation, drought-resistant plants should be sorted out. The objective of this study was to explore the growth behavior of Eucalyptus camaldulensis (recommended for waterlogged areas) and Tamarix aphylla (recommended for arid regions) under water stress. Therefore, a pot experiment was carried out with three treatments: Well-watered, 25% and 50 % drought to achieve said objective. It was found that drought negatively affected plant g...
Hasnain Alam1*, Jabar Zaman Khan Khattak1 and Taoufik Saleh Ksiksi2
... be recommended for mass vegetation and as a substitute to exotic landscaping species. ...
M. Rufai1† , A. A.Wahab2 , Q. O. Adeshina1 , J. C. Umehokoh1 and O. O.Ologunro1
Occurrence of entomopathogenic nematodes in Osun State, Southwestern Nigeria
...elation to soil texture, vegetation, moisture and pH. A total of 110 soil samples were randomly collected from various cultivated fields in different locations. The soil samples were baited twice using last instar larvae of the Galleria mellonella (greater wax moth) for presence of entomopathogenic nematodes. Four EPN isolates were recovered viz., Heterorhabditis indica, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, Steinernema karii and Steinernema wesieri. Of a total of 11...
Roni Koneri1*, Meis Nangoy2 and Pience V. Maabuat1
...n site was influenced by vegetation cover and temperature.
...
Zhi Yijin, Shao Mingqin* and Li Quanjiang
... harvested, where it ate vegetation (roots) or seeds. Shorebirds have narrow habitat niches, and are limited largely to shallow water areas. Of species pairs, the pied avocet Recurvirostra avosetta and Eurasian spoonbill Platalea leucorodia have the highest habitat niche overlap, as their diet and foraging pattern are similar; these two species reduce competition by foraging in different areas. Three small-sized shorebirds are recorded in each wa...
He Wenyun, Zhi Yijin and Shao Mingqin*
...d to choose habitat with vegetation cover (2.40 ± 0.84) on riverbanks, with shoal proportions of 8.00 ± 6.00%, water velocity of 0.16 ± 0.12m/s and wider river widths of 190.90 ± 113.80 m. The foraging habitats were far from sources of disturbance such as mine factory (2.70 ± 0.48), village (286.10 ± 168.97 m) and road (114.50 ± 105.01 m). Our study showed that riverbank vegetation
Sukhpreet Kaur Sidhu*, Gurkirat Singh Sekhon, Randeep Kaur Aulakh and Tejdeep Kaur Kler
...mposition in relation to vegetation distribution to understand their biodiversity. Four natural ponds and one man-made pond were surveyed at three locations viz. Ludhiana (location I), Ropar (location II) and Ferozpur (location III) falling in three agro climatic zones. A total of 51 bird species belonging to 31 families and 15 orders were recorded from studied locations. A diverse range of vegetation distribution was observ...
Hannan Nasib Hamid1,*, Muhammad Rais1, Muhammad Arif2 and Rubina Noor2
...rid climate and two main vegetation types: tropical thorn forest and sub-tropical broad-leaved ever green forest. The data were gathered from July, 2017 to August, 2018, from major habitat types of the national park using visual encounter survey method aided with pitfall and funnel trapping. Twenty three herpetofauna species (14 recorded through direct sightings) were recorded which included two species of amphibians and 21 of reptiles (eight snakes, 13 lizard...
Nowsher Yousaf1*, Bushra Khan1, Dennis Flanagan2 and Ishaq Ahmad Mian3
... 2017 in three different vegetation density zones i.e. dense forest, moderate forest and agriculture land. Results showed that the amount of rainfall, soil texture and soil infiltration capacity were important factors affecting soil erosion. The sandy clay loam soils of dense forest lands had a relatively small intensity of erosion (2.1 mm.yr-1) due to mean annual rainfall of 31.46 mm.yr-1 with high soil infiltration capacity value of 19....
Muhammad Tahir Waseem1, Abdul Majid Khan1*, Abdul Ghaffar2, Ayesha Iqbal1 and Rana Manzoor Ahmad1,3
...redominant C3 vegetation which latter shifted to C3/C4 grasses. For this purpose, fifteen dental samples (Five for each Hipparion species) from well dated late Miocene localities between 8.8-7.7 Ma are analyzed. All the δ13C values (V-PDB) are in range of -11.27‰ to -3.36‰ which represent that these horses dominantly inhabited C3 vegetation how...
Rahmat Ullah Khan, Asif Sadam and Sajid Mahmood*
...al barren rocks 2) rocky vegetation slopes and 3) grassy mountainous slopes near agricultural fields. The average monthly population density was 0.198±0.04/ha by line transect method. During the period June, July, September and October 2017, significantly (P<0.05) high population density was recorded as compared to the population density recorded during May, August, November and December 2017and January-April 2018 both in the morning and ...
Arshad Abdulkhalq Yaseen1,2* and Mária Takácsné Hájos1
...s indicated that lettuce vegetation quality (head structure, head weight and root weight) was significantly improved by the use of 6% MLE, where their combination of MLE and plant variety has also improved some of the vegetation quality parameters. However, significantly the morphological quality parameters were least influenced by the plant variety alone. On the other hand, MLE did not significantly impact the bioactive com...
Shakeel Ahmad1, Muhammad Israr2*, Muhammad Amin3, Muhammad Sadiq Hashmi4, Nafees Ahmad5 and Rasheed Ahmad6
...ands, croplands, natural vegetation, and barren land. The result indicated that grasslands (17.04–12.84%) and cropland (34.73–18.12%) decreased significantly due to over population pressure coupled by natural hazards, while savannas (40.63–49.25%), permanent wetlands (0.03–0.07%), and natural vegetation (3.13–14.96%), were increased significantly as a result of the different internations for the...
Hui Wang1,2, Yuchen Zhao1 and Xinpu Wang1,*
...imes. Moreover, soil and vegetation restoration were more important for enhancing biodiversity in a grazed area than in enclosures and mowed areas in northwestern China.
...
Bibek Aryal, Naresh Pandey and Laxman Khanal*
... high-resolution data on vegetation and anthropogenic pressure. Our findings could be instrumental in the proper management of urban biodiversity.
...
Shuangye Wang1,2, Yunlin Zhao1,2, Zhenggang Xu2,3,*, Junzhi Chen3, Guiyan Yang3, Song Wang2 and Kangkang Jiang2
...e should be connected by vegetation and should not be too far apart. In general, the home range distribution and size changed with the changing periods i.e. dry period and wet period. Available space, food resources, and shelter were influenced by water level variation in Dongting Lake, and water level may be the main factor affecting the distribution and home range size of milu population, indirectly utilizing the habitat....
Dali Wang1,2, Yujing Zhu1,2, Wancai Xia1,2, Mei Zhao1,2,3, Chan Yang1,2 and Dayong Li1,2*
..., and damage the surface vegetation. Like other natural disasters, landslide and debris flows cause a shift in local ecological conditions, which can have profound impacts on the habitat of non-human primates. This study investigated the characteristics of surface vegetation found within the debris field of a landslide and debris flow that occurred in 2008 at Gehuaqing in Baimaxueshan Nature Reserve ten years later. We calcu...
Jae-Kang Lee, Hyun-Su Hwang, Tae-Kyung Eom, Dong-Ho Lee and Shin-Jae Rhim*
...fects the development of vegetation. Because vegetation serves as food and shelter for wildlife, information about the effect of slope gradient on vegetation is important for managing wildlife and their habitats. We examined the effects of slope gradient on small rodent populations and their microhabitat conditions from May to November 2015 in a tree-thinned Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi...
Nausheen Irshad1, Maria Akhter1, Tariq Mahmood2*, Faraz Akrim3, Muhammad Rafique Khan1 and Muhammad Sajid Nadeem4
... with some proportion of vegetation. The weasel most frequently consumed arthropods (26%), followed by mammals (21%), birds (9 %) and least reptiles (2 %), along with consuming vegetation (23 %). The prey species in the overall diet of the species were five different orders of arthropods, two species of mammals (rodents) and birds (domestic hen and pigeon), while among plant food it consumed seeds and twigs of wild mulberry,...
Asim Faraz1*, Nasir Ali Tauqir2, Abdul Waheed1, Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq1, Syeda Maryam Hussain3, Riaz Hussain Mirza1, Rana Muhammad Bilal2, Muhammad Arslan Akbar4 and Muhammad Shahid Nabeel5
...ith gram-straws, natural vegetation and twice day water. Deworming was performed before the start of trial. Haematological and blood biochemical parameters such as haemoglobin (Hb), red-blood-cells (RBC) and white-blood-cells (WBC) count, packed-cell-volume (PCV), glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, total protein, urea and creatinine concentrations were analyzed on haematology and biochemistry analyzer. The mean Hb concentration (P<0.05) was found to be 14...
Shakeel Ahmad1, Muhammad Israr2*, Rasheed Ahmed3, Anam Ashraf1, Muhammad Amin4 and Nafees Ahmad5
... built-up lands, natural vegetation, permanent snow and ice, and barren lands increased substantially over the entire period. Due to the lack of baseline data, the LULC map will play an essential role in the sustainable management of LULC in the Hindu Kush, Karakoram and Himalayan regions of Pakistan. For the sustainable maintenance of the mountainous ecosystem, comprehensive research is recommended about these LULC vulnerabilities locally and regionally....
Cheng Zhao1,2, Qin Shi1*, Gen Yang3, Youyuan Tan2, Songwen Tan2, Jiahong Li2 and Marwan M.A. Rashed2
...ika deer preferred shrub vegetation and southern slope. Compared to control plots, lower elevation, longer distance to forest edge, higher herb cover and concealing condition appeared in used plots. The results of the logistic regression models showed that herb cover and elevation were the key factors. It was indicated that diet, safety and temperature were the main factors affecting the habitat use of Sichuan sika deer in winter....
Mutasim Billah1, Sardar Azhar Mehmood1, Abdul Rauf Bhatti2*, Ahmed Zia2, Shabir Ahmed1, Waqas Ahmad2, Kiran Shahjeer3, and Muhammad Ishaque Mastoi4
...habitats such as natural vegetation, cropped, fields, and urban areas and specimens were collected during active season of 2018 and 2019yielding a total of 95 specimens five species (Myllocerus delicatulus, M. undatus, Lixus augustus, Ammocleonus aschabadensis, Rhynchophorous ferrugineus) under four genera (Myllocerus, Lixus, Ammocleonus, Rhynchophorous and 3 subfamilies (Lixinae, Entiminae and Dryophthorinae). For each recorded species details along with vali...
Syed Shah Mohioudin Gillani1, Muhammad Naveed Tahir1, Adeel Anwar1*, Syed Ijaz Ul Haq2, Muhammad Awais3, Mujahid Iqbal4, Javed Iqbal5, Hina Ahmed Malik3, Syed Muhammad Zaigham Abbas Naqvi6, Raza Ullah7 and Muhammad Abdullah Khan1
...of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), green normalized difference vegetation index (GNDVI), chlorophyll absorbed ratio index (CARI), modified chlorophyll absorbed ratio index (MCARI), and transformed chlorophyll absorbed ratio index (TCARI) were derived by LANDSAT 8 imagery for chlorophyll determination. Validation of the chlorophyll contents was performed (43 locations under rainfed conditions) nondestructively ...
Rahmat Ullah Khan1*, Karim Gabol1, Asif Sadam2, Waheed Ali Panhwar3, Hamidullah4 and Abdul Rahim1
... five different types of vegetation at an average height of 2.87±1.3 m above the ground. The shape of the nest was round to oblong, in the center or on the branch fork of plants. The nests were mainly constructed using local dry grasses (48%) followed by crop leaves (35%), plastic string (10%), and unidentified materials (7%). The average outer diameter of the nest 12.00±1.1 cm, inner diameter 9.13±2.3 cm and inner cup depth was 4.99&plusm...
Ramzan Ali1, Erum Iqbal1*, Muhammad Ismail Bhatti2 and Saboohi Raza1
...ssociated with different vegetation of the Thar Desert, Sindh, Pakistan. Taxonomic studies of Tylenchorhynchus neoclavicaudatus Mathur, Sanwal and Lal, 1978, Tylenchorhynchus mashhoodi Siddiqi and Basir, 1958, Pratylenchus curvicauda Siddiqi, Dabur and Bajaj, 1991, Pratylenchus elamini Zeidan and Geraert, 1991, Hemicyclophora punensis Darekar and Khan, 1981, Tylencholaimus shamimi Islam and Ahmed, 2021, Makatinus punctatus Heyns, 1965 and Labronema mangalorens...
Nadia Jabeen1, Abdul Mubeen Lodhi1*, Rehana Naz Syed1, Muhammad Ali Khanzada2 and Alia Gul3
...is enriched with natural vegetation and can be explored for new species....
MISBAH RAZZAQ, MUHAMMAD RAIS*, MUHAMMAD ARSLAN ASADI, SALEHA ABBASI &
ABDULLAH IBRAHIMv
...ecies feeds on non-woody vegetation such as grasses, herbs
and shrubs and also ingests insects....
and shrubs and also ingests insects....
Salma Sharif1, Rana Arsalan Javaid2*, Abid Majeed2, Muhammad Shahzad Ahmed2, Qurat ul Ain Sani2, Faiza Siddique2, Muhammad Arshad3 and Niaz Ali1
...ontent, net differential vegetation index, thousand grain weight and grain yield. The overall mean for Grain yield ranged from 1.71 tons/ha to 6.18 tons/ha. Grand mean of all genotypes for Grain yield was 4.1 tons/ha. Maximum Grain yield was observed in GSR 11 followed by GSR 10 and GSR 44 that were followed by 5.88 and 5.74 tons/ha respectively. Significant variation was also found in case of qualitative characters as obvious groups were formed based on visua...
Muhammad Furqan1*, Zulfiqar Ali1, Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad2, Rida Ahmad1, Faraz Akrim3, Imad-ul-Din Zangi4
...s including water, food, vegetation, disturbance, hunting and predation pressure. Kalij pheasant was distributed between 381-1689m (asl) elevation. Species presence data along with GIS database were used to model the habitat suitability of kalij pheasant through MaxEnt software, version 3.4.4. The model showed an average Area Under the Curve value (AUC) (0.802), showing the model precision for suitable habitat mapping. The analysis for the contribution of envi...
Khalid Ali Khan1,2,3* and Hamed A. Ghramh1,2,4
...es with its own specific vegetation. The country-specific vegetative diversity has a great ecological and economic impact on the conservation of local fauna. It has huge potential for the sustainable beekeeping industry if properly exploited. Beekeeping in Pakistan is mainly focused in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, central and northern regions of Punjab provinces but nowadays it is growing rapidly across the country. Three native species of honey bees including Apis dor...
ARIFA ZEREEN & ALMAS JAHAN
...sed destruction of local vegetation growing there and exposed land for colonization of invasive and exotic plant species. Besides this many exotic species have been planted as ornamental plants at the green belts. With the passage of time the exotic plant species also called Invasive Alien Species (IAS) is going to be a serious threat to local ecosystems. This research work was planned to determine the harmful and significant effects of exotic plants on local ...
NAUSHEEN MAZHAR*, ALI IQTADAR MIRZA**, SAHAR ZIA*, ZAYANAH SOHAIL BUTT*, MEMUNA GHAFOOR SHAHID*** & ALI IMAM MIRZA**
...hanges in the area under vegetation in Passu village due to Passu glacier retreat have also been estimated using normalized difference snow index (NDSI) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) which were also derived from the satellite images. NDSI for snow cover mapping of Passu glacier indicates a decrease of 6.18% in snow covered area (3.0808 km2) of Passu glacier from 1992-2016. This was identified as 12.8% as ...
Floral and edaphic data recorded from Sahiwal District, Pakistan analyzed by multivariate techniques
*ARIFA ZEREEN1, ALMAS JAHAN1,SHEIKH SAEED AHMAD2 & ZAHEER-UD-DIN KHAN3
...ion was focused to study vegetation and environmental parameters associated with Sahiwal district. For the phytosociological survey Braun-Blanquet’s methodology was employed. In order to classify the vegetation data, ordination research tactics i.e., Two Way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN) and Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) were used. Vegetation data obtained from fort...
UROOJ SAEED1, SAJID RASHID AHMAD2, HAMMAD GILANI3*, RAB NAWAZ4, NAEEM SHAHZAD5, IRFAN ASHRAF6 & WAQAS AHMED QAZI3
Igor Ponjiger1, Milutin Kovacevic1*, Vladimir Markovic1, Zoran Ristic1 and Vukan Lavadinovic2
...and by the area under no vegetation during the winter period. Conservation measures should focus on enhancing habitat heterogeneity by reducing field size, and fostering sowing during the late autumn period....
Haroon Khan1*, M. Mubassir Khan1, Bakhitar Gul1, M. Fawad1 and Imtiaz Khan1
...invasive over the native vegetation. To study the adaptability of invasive weeds and their status among the native plant community, a field survey was carried out from July - September 2017 at New Developmental Farm (NDF), Malakandher, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar (UAP). Data were recorded from three sites i.e. field crop area, non-field, and orchards with a quadrate randomly thrown 50 times at different locations. A total of 39 weeds species from 1...
Kamran Ahmed Pathan1 , Waheed Ali Panhwar1,*, Abdul Manan Shaikh1, Safdar Ali
Ujan1, Javed Ahmed Ujan1, Khadim Hussain Memon1, Irfan Ahmed Pathan1 and
Shabana Mangi1
...ds and their surrounding vegetation) of Sindh Province with insect net (7.79 cm in
diameter and 49.9 cm in length) and hand picking. A total of 234 specimens were captured
from October 2018 to July 2019. The material was identified to seven species and six
genera. The species Batocera rubus (Linnaeus, 1758), Batocera rufomaculata (De Geer,
1775), Apriona cinerea (Chevrolat, 1852), Prionus corpulantus (Bates, 1878...
Ashar Farooq1*, Farrukh Waheed1 and Asad Abbas Khan2
... was used to collect the vegetation parameters such as cover percent and forage production. Three transect lines, each of 100 m long, were stretched in the sample area. On each transect line, ten (10) equally spaced one meter square (1mx1m) quadrats were placed at a distance of 10 meters. Thus, 30 quadrats from the area were studied. The clipping of grass was made at 2.5 cm above the collar point. Data were statistically analyzed using t-test. Results revealed...
Munawar Zeb,WISAL MUHAMMAD KHAN,Sara Hidayat,Haroon Khan,Bakhtiar Gul,Aamir Saleem
Syed Majid Bukhari,Asma Zaidi,Asma Zaidi,Shamyla Nawazish,Muhammad Arshad Parvez,IKRAMULLAH KHAN,Muhammad Aamir,Syed Majid Bukhari
Mubashar Hussain1,2*, Hifza Liaqat1, Muhammad Faheem Malik1,
Kiran Aftab1, Moazama Batool3, Razia Iqbal1 and Somia Liaqat1
...veys in association with vegetation types....
Ashar Farooq1 and Shakeel Ahmad2
... to evaluate the various vegetation attributes regarding slope stabilization measures carried out in Kalam Forest Division, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. In Billion Tree Afforestation Project certain targets were given to the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Forest Department for bad land stabilization. In Kalam Forest Division, total four sites were treated with bad land stabilization techniques in Asrait, Niam, Kullaly, and Dabargai localities respectively. In all these areas, the ...
Bilal Ahmad1, Maqsood Anwar2 and Muhammad Sadiq Khan3
...kar is rocky and shrubby vegetation. Majority of the respondents i.e. 23 (57.5%) replied that there is illegal hunting of Chukar, 40 (100%) replied that hunting can be legalized through legal license and permits, and 27 (67.5%) replied that Causes of habitat destruction of Chukar is due to human population increase. Chukar mostly feed on wild seed and grain. There is an urgent need to conserve Chukar by improving their habitat in the study area, avoiding illeg...
Ahmad Khan and Muhammad Ayaz Khan
... extinct. The park's vegetation changed over time with fencing and protection. Vegetation at center improved, while on periphery of the park degraded. This helped escape of some individuals of chinkara gazelle and establishing population in the nearby area with comparatively open vegetation. In this paper we have analyzed the vegetation change in Man...
Saif-ur-Rehman Saif Abbasi & Saeed Akbar
...ostly depended on forest vegetation in shape of medicinal plants, wood for making their farm implements i.e. wooden plough, spade, blade etc. and domestic goods of daily usage i.e. charpoy, stool, baskets, furniture etc. The use of cheep and easily available forest vegetation, based on indigenous knowledge, has reduced household expenses on one hand but has also put tremendous pressure on forest vege...
N. R. Wani and S. Murtaza
...y was carried out in two vegetational strata's i.e. the tree and the herbaceous layer. The various phytosociological parameters like species richness, dominance and evenness index exhibited variations in both the strata in all the sites.
Key words: Floristic diversity, Manasbal Lake, Vegetational strata....
Muhammad Shabir Mughal and Muhammad Muslim
...ent plan....
Muhammad Shabir Mughal and Muhammad Muslim
...area....
Tanveer Haider, Aurangzeb Ashraf, Ambar Masud
...rk, basically aimed at % vegetation cover, stood 78%, shrubs and grasses cover, in total 79 vegetative species were found in the area, however 7 remained unidentified forage productivity remained 1160 kg/ha, animal units was almost .03. Pressures and threats to park and particular compartment are directly and indirectly increasing day by day. Major pressures are increasing human population, overgrazing by animals, environmental pollution, like water contaminat...
Mian Muhammad Shafiq and Hussain Bux Bhaagat
...rn forest sand dune type vegetation zone. This sanctuary is considered internationally important, because it represent, the example of a natural land ecosystem comprising of a complex of 32 wetlands.
These wetlands are formed by the seepages from Jamrow and Nara canal. A general survey of the area was conducted in the month of January 2006 and direct (field observation) and indirect (meeting with communities and wildlife staff) observation methods were u...
Muhammad Afzal, Aqeela Mobeen Akhtar and M. Mahboob-ur-Rahman
...one in New Guinea in its vegetation type and structure, climate, soils, etc., but these forests are inhabited by plants with very different evolutionary histories.
The Punjab province is mainly a fertile region along the river valleys, while sparse deserts can be found near the border with Rajasthan and the Sulaiman Range. The region contains Thar and Cholistan deserts. The Indus River and its many tributaries traverse Punjab from north to south. The...
Muhammad Shabir Mughal, Asif Raza Wazir and Ch. Muhammad Muslim
...e objectives to find out vegetation status during August 2005. The data thus collected were analyzed and three-plant communities viz. Pinus-Abies-Sophora, Abies-Cedrus and Abides-Pinus communities were determined on the basis of the highest important value (HIV). The dominant species were Cedrus deodara, Pinus wallichiana, Abies pindrow, Picea smithiana, Pinus gerardiana and Quercus dilatata, Quercus incana etc. These plant species ...
Mamoona Wali Muhammad and Iftekhar Ahmed
... were utilizing mangrove vegetation as a whole for fuel purpose. Responses about priority of importance of mangroves showed that shelter and progress of fish was at first priority then shelter and progress of wild birds, shelter and progress of vertebrates, fuel wood, protection barriers for villages, control on tides and erosion of coastal banks, environment apiculture and eco-tourism respectively.
100% of the respondents were in favor of social fo...
Tahir Laeeq1, Tariq Mahmood2 Mohammad Amin3 and Khurshid Alam4
...ed that presence of good vegetation cover (50-60 percent on slopes >60%, followed by 20-30 percent on both 30-60% & <30% slopes) on steep slope was responsible for high infiltration rates. The soil was intact too on resulting in less erosion and runoff on the steep slope. The medium and gentle slopes were much degraded by over grazing, faulty land cultivation and stress of timber and fuel wood due to ease of accessibility. For soil and water conservation it is...
N. R. Wani1, A. H. Mughal2 and M. A. Khan3
...ately neutral in case of vegetation area but was mildly alkaline in barren land. However, vegetation area was comparatively superior in organic carbon, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and moisture content than barren land.
Key words: Afforestation, Nutrient status, Manasbal lake, Soil
...
Amjad Ali Ch., Javaid Ahsan, Tariq Mehmood, Shahzad Fazal, Punjab Forestry Research Institute, Faisalabad and Nowsherwan Zarif
... dependence of people on vegetation of Govt./state owned Rakhs varied from 74-99.9 percent. More than 52 percent forage requirements of livestock of all respondents remained unmet after grazing. Grazing problems faced by the majority of graziers were low carrying capacity of Rakhs, lack of drinking water and protection measures forced by the Forest Department. The major constraints regarding range development efforts were lack of funds, and interest of range p...
Muhammad Afzal, Amjad Ali Ch., Javaid Ahsan, Shahzad Fazal and Saima Tabassum
... conducted to assess its vegetation and carrying capacity. Cenchrus ciliaris (Dhaman) was the principal grass sp. (47.85%). General grass coverage on average was 57.01% and 30.27% in protected and open pastures respectively. Dry matter yield of protected pastures was 1316 kg/ha while it was only 388 kg/ha from open pastures. Carrying capacity based on herbage biomass for protected and open pastures was found to be 0.40 and 0.12 AU/ha/yr respectively. ...
Sardar Muhammad Rafique
...ertilizer, conversion of vegetation, exclosure, grazing management, introduction of nutritious and high yielding fodder crops, etc. are recommended.
Key words: Forage Resources, Northern Mountainous Region, Sustainable Development, Rangeland
....
Muhammad Arif Chaudhary, Muhammad Akbar and Muhammad Ajmal Khan
...d water bodies (1%). The vegetation map revealed that Charsadda and Mardan were the most vegetated districts Area-wise districts of basin were arrayed in an order of Nowshera,> Mardan > Swabi > Peshawar > Charsadda. The vector map for road network and major settlements of the basin showed that Peshawar was the most interlinked district than the other four ones. Image processing for drainage network depicted 8 large and small rivers / streams draining out event...
Amjad Ali Chaudhry, Chaudhry Muhammad Muslim and Muhammad Mushtaque
Sardar Muhammad Rafique and Saliheen Khan
...s and associated natural vegetation are essential for maintaining the productive capacity of the land In the mountains, trees protect the soil on slopes from being washed away and deposited in stream beds, water reservoirs and canals They thus preserve the productive capacity of mountain lands and also increase the useful life of water reservoirs on which depends the prosperity of agriculture in the plains The vegetation on ...
Mohammad Ayaz
...wth and nature of forest vegetation. However, no quantitative data on the occurrence and extent of forest fires in the country are available. As a result, no nation-wise strategy could be formulated to minimize and control this forest catastrophe as well as to provide primary data for national and international interest....
S. M. Rafique
...aints and scope of range vegetation evaluation. The results of a case study on Lachi rangelands indicated that the area was rich in plant bio-diversity and there were 36 plant species. Out of it 18 were grass/grazing species, 2 forb species, 10 shrub species and 6 tree species. The bio-mass production was 752 kg (AD)/ha which was quite low. The study further indicated that range condition was poor to fair and the range trend was downward. The study has recomme...
Mirza Hakim Khan
...commonly occurs on woody vegetation showing marked preference for certain species. Remedial measures through chemical control applying different doses of 2-4-D Sodium, Amine and Ester are suggested in this article....
Mahmood Nasir and Mohammad Noor
...were collected to detect vegetation differences between protected and unprotected area. Twenty 1 m2 quadrats were studied randomly in both the areas.
The cover percent (10%) and above ground biomass (216 kg/ha) of Chrysopogon aucheri were higher three times in protected area than that of unprotected area, but its density remained unchanged which shows that the species is a grazing resistant The cover percent (5%), above ground biomass (78 kg/ha) ...
Ghayyas Ahmad
...ve the objective. Forest vegetation was selected as a subset of total biodiversity.
Major forest mosaics of the area were identified from satellite image and then visited on the ground to collect locational, environmental, and biological data. Field data collection was done through Line transect sampling design. Image classification was performed by using the Supervised and Knowledge-based classification methods. Patch size of the remaining semi-natural ...
Muhammad Muslim and Hafiz Muhammad Sufyan Babar
...of improvement of ground vegetation....
M. Said and Tahir Hussain
...he ecological changes in vegetation are being regularly carried out. For the proper appreciation of the results achieved it is necessary to give a brief description of the past history and other factors connected with the range....
Amjad Ali Chaudhry, Muhammad Afzal, Muhammad Mushtaque and Barket Ali Awan
Kh. Rizwan Shehzad, Z. H. Malik and Rizwana Aleem Qureshi
...n Samahni Valley and the vegetation was sampled by using quadrates of 10x2m, 5x2m and 0.5x0.5m for trees, shrubs and herbs respectively. Density, frequency and coverage of each species in the different stands were recorded. It was changed to relative scales and then added together to get the importance value for each species in each stand. Communities were named after the 3 leading dominants. The following five communities were recognized: (I) Melia-Lantana...
M. Ayaz and M. Nauman Arshad
... was measured behind the vegetation stretches and controlled with a Noise Level Meter. It was found that the greens alone in combination with shrubs could cut down the traffic noise by 5-8 dB(A). Trees in combination with shrubs proved more effective and multiple rows of young trees of Eucalyptus camaldulensis
in combination with Tecoma stans gave a maximum reduction of 8 dB(A) in the traffic noise. It is recommended that multiple rows of evergr...
Mirza Hakim Khan and Muhammad Shabir Mughal
Syed Zainul Arifeen and Abdul Khaliq Chaudhry
Sardar Muhammad Rafique
... improved manifolds. The vegetation cover percentage, herbage production, species composition, species distribution and number of species had increased under combined effects of protection and fertilizer application. The Poa alpine - Potentilla fragarioides vegetation type was transformed to Poa alpine - Digitaria sanguinalis types. This change had also registered increase in species number from 18 to 27. One f...
S. M. Rafique
...ities
on protective and vegetation cover, forage production
and species composition. Four major variables namely; no
grazing, no grazing + over-sowing, conventional grazing
+ over sowing and conventional grazing only were tested
in two replications. The variables were assigned
randomly to 4 plots of 10 x 10 m. Each plot was
subdivided into two subplots of 10 x 5 m and one sub
plot under each major variable was fertilized for 1st 3
years with uniform d...
K. M. Siddiqui
...itute its natural climax vegetation. They are essential for climatic stability, prevention of global warming and conservation of biological diversity. Originally, about 10,000 years ago, two third of earth's surface was covered with forests. Presently, only half of this forest area is left. World-wide, the biggest threat to forest resources has been clearance of forests for agriculture. This has also resulted in aridity in many countries. Although, some salin...
Sardar Mohammad Rafique
...lication. The percentage vegetation cover percentage and soil protective cover have also shown manifold increased in
the treated plots. Further the study revealed appreciably higher soil porosity through decrease in soil bulk density and increase in water intake capacity (infiltration rate) with grazing management and application of fertilizer....
Bashir Hussain Shah and Mumtaz Akhtar Qadir
...nt having sparce natural vegetation was treated only for channel erosion control with check dams and the third catchment was not treated at all. All catchments were provided with sediment monitoring structures. Four years sediment yield data showed that the erosion rate can be reduced to almost half by adopting technical control measures. The average sediment yield from the catchments treated with technical control measures (both for surface and channel erosio...
Udo Schickhoff Dr.
...terations of the forests vegetation are
reflected by the prevalence of nitrophilous weeds,
light-loving elements as well as unplalatable and
browsing resistant species. A detailed vegetation
mapping has revealed that the potential forest areas
have decreased by c. 50%. The historical transformation
processes from forests into farm and rangelands can be
differentiated into several periods with varying degrees
of inten...
Javed Afzal, Abdul Sattar Alvi and Sarwat Naz Mirza
...k that makes use of this vegetation is also
impaired and they are sold at low prices.
Consequently, the livestock producer does not get
adequate economic return. So, the rangelands are
a valuable natural resource and need to be
managed properly to get sustained maximum
forage and ensure plant cover to halt soil erosion
and further loss of primary productivity....
Raza-ul-Haq
... competition
from other vegetation is important for the survival of
seedlings. Total shrub (Viburnum) control and soil
working improved survival (77% of 3 months old seedlings
as compared to control (67%). The highest survival of
85-87% was achieved in the plots where herbs and shrubs
were killed with herbicide. Heights of seedlings (3 and
12 month old) was significantly affected by age while
the effect of cover and fencing was least....
K. M. Siddiqui and Saliheen Khan
...f rocky desert,
bare of vegetation, dominate the landscape at
5,000 to 6,000 m elevation in this tract. Over half
the territory is glacier, rock and scree. Mountain
ranges form a natural barrier to summer
monsoons, making the climate dry. Most of the
precipitation falls as snow and the climate
undergoes extremes of temperature - dry and hot
(Upto 35°C) in summer and dry and cold in
winter.
Valley bottoms are at an elevation of 1,200 to 1,500 m...
Raza-ul-Haq
...iscusses the effects of
vegetation cover ground conditions and grazing on the
establishment and survival of the natural regeneration....
Mirza Hakim Khan
...ark for the province....
Muhammad Rafique Sardar
...y,
rang trend and other vegetation characteristics. One
hundred twenty semi-permanent quadrats (plot) of 1
sq.m area both in fall 1987 and spring 1988 were laid
out at six representative sites along 400 meter long
transect line running across the contours. Out of these,
60 were clipped for estimation of forage production and
60 were studied for vegetation characteristics in two
seasons. The study reveled that enclosu...
Bashir Hussain Shah, Altaf Hussain and Raja M. Omer
...dic soil under different vegetation e.g. tree
plantations, grass cover and bare soil differed
significantly although other physical characteristics
were not significantly different....
Some observations on the effect of forest tree species on ground vegetation at Pabbi Forest, Kharian
Bashir Hussain Shah
...ge production
of ground vegetation under four years old plantation
showed that Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Acacia nilotica
and Leucaena leucocephala have a higher allelopathic
effect on the growth of grasses under them as compared
to Zizyphus mauritiana, Acacia modesta, Dalbergia sissoo
and Albizzia lebbek. The cover percent of the vegetation was lowest (8.25%) under Eucalyptus camaldulensi...
Mohammad Noor, Mohammad Khan and Gul Nabi
...972, to study changes in vegetation and secondary succession. In May, 1978 vegetation in the exclosed and adjacent grazed areas was sampled to detect change in vegetation. Average yield and species composition of grasses, forbs and trees/shrubs were not significantly different in the exclosed and adjacent grazed areas. The higher ( P = 0, 05) forage production and composition of Aristid...
Mohammad Rafique Sardar
...e production
and ground vegetation cover. Twelve sample trees of
almost uniform size were selected in Rakh Dagar Kotli,
Thal. The lopping treatments were assigned randomly to
the sample trees. The study showed that jand trees play
an important role in protecting the soil and ground
vegetation from harmful effects of prevailing harsh
climatic condition in the Thal desert. Accordingly, more
soil moisture and less soil ...
*Moinuddin Ahmad, **Ehsan Elahi Nagi and **Eugene Liang Min Wang
Muhammad Hanif and Bashir Hussain Shah
...s, agriculture and range vegetation at five sites
in scrub, chirpine, kail, fir-spruce and dry temperate
zones. Analysis of soil samples showed that soil under
forest had higher permeability, porosity and water
holding capacity as compared to soil under agriculture
and pasture while the bulk density of soil under forest
was lower than that of soil under agriculture and range vegetation. However, except for permeability...
Mohammad Noor
...ct of protection
on the vegetation. In October, 1980. Changes in the vegetation characteristics inside and outside the
closure were compared. Average air dry forage production
increased nine times due to closure, this increase was
both for grasses and forbs. The percent cover of grasses
and forbs increased 21/2 times inside as compared with
that of outside the closure. The grazing capacity due to
closure increased 7 t...
Mahmood Iqbal Sheikh
...ringing back
the desert vegetation for fuel, fodder and food....
Qutabuddin Marwat and Naseer Ahmad Khan
...lants and 11 grasses....
Moinuddin Ahmad
...ltitude, plant cover and vegetation
composition show wide variation in the different sectors
of the study area....
Mahmood Iqbal Sheikh
... Pakistan....
S. M. Chughtai, Jehandar Shah, Syed Zahir Shah and Sardar Hussain Shah
Charles D. Bonham, Javed Ahmed and Larry L. Larson
S.M. Chughtai, Abdus Sadiq and Sardar Hussain Shah
...otundus. The spring
vegetation was dominated by Coronopus didymus. Of the
total 45 species recorded in four seasons, only 13.3
percent were found to be exclusively confined to spring
season. In the second autumn of abandonment, Amaranthus
viridus became a co-dominant with C. rotundus....
S. M. Chughtai, Abdus Sadiq and S. Zahir Shah
...et of fuel hunters.
...
M. N. Malik, A. R. Beg and M. Iqbal Khan
...invariably reflected
in vegetation cover, an effort was made to identify,
differentiate and discern plant communities as units
indicating type and degree of salinity. An exploratory
work was done in Peshawar basin, and several communities
were marked specifying salinity status of land....
Raja Mohammad Ashfaque
...sed by man to manipulate vegetation on grazing lands. Although it is not a cure-all for all the range problems but can be effective and practical tool in range improvement. The use of fire is frightening and many desirable prescribed burns do not get started mainly due to two fears; liability consequences and one's career at stake if fire gets away (Wright, 1974). Fire is an art not a science. As the skill in use of fire in range, wildlife and forest manageme...
Salahuddin Ahmad
...vided with every type of vegetation and animals of all kinds (Sura Luqman, Ayat-10). Indeed when Aadm was asked to
quit the garden of heaven where he and Eve were provided with plenty of things, they were directed to descend on earth where also they would be supplied with means of livelihood (edible vegetation such as fruit etc.)....
Amjum Amin, Zafar Uddin, Rukhsana Roohi and Tayyab Jamil
...in homogeneous stands of vegetation. Analysis of data resulted in four plant communities, i.e. Chrysopogon montanus, Heterioigib contortus, Desmostachya bipinnata, Desmostachya bipinnata, Saccharum spontaneum, Cymbopogonschoenanthus, Capparisdcidua and Chrysopogon montanus, Adhatoda vasica, Eleusine compressa. The communities were finally named by combining the physical and biological features....
M. I. Shiekh and B. H. Shah
...e
establishment of tree vegetation in arid conditions,
experiments were conducted at Rakh Dagar Kotli in 1980
and 1981. Acacia modesta and E. camaldulensis were
planted around the pitchers at a distance of half a
meter from the centre of the pitchers. Using diluted
bitumen the pitchers were half surface painted,2/3rd
surface painted and whole surface painted except four
circular areas left on the four opposite sides to reduce
the percula...
Anjum Amin and Raja Mohammad Ashfaque
...ates future trend of the vegetation with the probable chances of Olea cuspidate and Sageretia brandrethiana....
M. I. R. Khan
... is one of the important vegetational types of the United Arab Emirates. It occurs on muddy flats or fine textured soils along sheltered localities of the coastline and some islands. It is daily flushed by sea water several times. It can stand considerable amount of submersion under sea water and is characterised by the presence of numerous pneumatophores or the respiratory roots protruding all around the mangrove trees to considerable distances. Associated wi...
Sultan Maqsood Khan
... herbaceous cover of the vegetation. The analysis of variance snowed significant difference between the stands and t test gave significant difference between the shrubby and non shrubby stands. The herbaceous cover and total
vegetation cover were found positively correlated and shrub cover negatively correlated with the soil depth. The shrubs and herbaceous vegetation occupied thin and de...
M. Ihsanur Rahman Khan
...ally with the lush green vegetation common to the wetter and more moist regions of the world. Inspite of the natural extreme aridity and desert conditions prevailing in Abu Dhabi, the Emirate is not completely devoid of natural plant life. Certain areas like the
Sabkha(salty flats) or extremely arid and moving sand dunes may have no worthwhile plant life but varied and specialized type of plant life does exist in some cases in small patches and in othe...
Sultan Maqsood Khan
...te were applied to range vegetation in subtropical humid zone at
Balakot village of Mansehra District. Nitrogen and phosphorus mixture doubled total forage and grass production and many times increased the production of desirable species, undesirable species, Chrysopogon aucheri and Cymbopogon martini. However, both nitrogen and phosphorus, when applied separately had no effect on the production of total forage, grass, any palatability class or ...
Mirza Hakim Khan Dr.
... order of importance....
A. R. Beg and Mirza Hakim Khan
...ing observations made on vegetation in Swat valley and on climate in Drosh, both lying in the dry oak forest zone, to other parts of Pakistan, actual biogeograhical limits of the zone were determined. Dry oak forests were found to indicate Mediterranean climate as elsewhere in the world. They, however, comprise of two sub-types in this country: the pure dry oak forests with true Mediterranean climate and the dry oak-chir ecotonal forests with transitional Medi...
M Shabir Baig, M. Akram and M. Amjad Hassan
...s, soils pedoclimate and vegetation. These units have been, on the basis of similar potential, grouped together into range management units have different capabilities and capacities for forage and livestock production and therefore requiring different management practices. Two maps, each showing the distribution and extent of physiographic units and range management units, have been prepared on a scale 1:1,000,000.
...
G. M. Khattak and Ashiq Ahmad
...nship with slope, ground vegetation and light intensity. Better regeneration was found on steeper slopes. Poorest regeneration was associated with turf, followed by Rumex and Paeonia. More seedlings also occurred inside Skimmia and Viburnum shrubs unless they were too thick. Light intensity over plots bearing for seedlings varied from 16 to 58% of full sunlight and that over plots without fir seedlings, 63 to 100%. An area of about 2.3 ha was fenced in pure si...
Mohammad Hanif
...s and the destruction of vegetation. It started rising in 1978 due probably to repairs to spillways, and better protection from grazing.
...
M. I. R. Khan
...denses on the ground and vegetation in the form of dew. The atmospheric humidity is very high especially in the coastal belt throughout the year on account of the close proximity of the Gulf. From May to October temperatures range between 35°C to over 50°C in the middle of the day and they vary between 20°C to 35°C at mid-day during winter months. The lowest minimum temperatures may go down well below 0°C in the desert areas away from the coa...
Mirza Hakim Khan Dr.
...
...
Nasim Akhtar, Himayat Husssain Naqvi and Farrukh Hussain
...ussed in relation to the vegetation dynamics....
S. Maqsood Khan
...cts of protection on the vegetation and soil characteristics. In 1977, twenty seven years after its establishment, eighty randomly selected one square meter plots were studied for forage production, frequency and surface features inside the exclosure and equal number outside. Trees cover; forage yield and frequency of grasses, and frequency of more palatable shrubs was higher in the exclosure than in the open. All the species recorded in the grazed area were a...
Faqir Mohammad Khan
...tory data on topography, vegetation, soils, hydrology and climate and to interpret these data for the drawing up of land use plans relative to the needs of sound management of these watersheds and for the preparation of management plans for proper working of the forests situated therein. The project covers one of the most difficult and inaccessible areas of the world. Altitudes vary from about 500 meters to well over 7000 meters above mean sea level. Communica...
M. B. Shrivastava and B. Ulrich
...f the kind of or lack of vegetation
has been suggested. The past attempts in solving the
problem have also been reviewed. The studies will help
the foresters in deciding the forest management
operations and putting priorities on afforestations....
Moin Uddin Ahmad and S. A. Qadir Dr.
Mahmood Iqbal Sheikh and Abdul Aleem
...00 ha. making the total vegetation cover (natural) to 11.92%. But the areas reported are quite bare of vegetation and very little percentage is actually covered with vegetation....
Sultan Maqsood Khan
...ss.
...
Bahadur Ali Khan
...ompletely denuded of all vegetation with very few pockets of coniferous forests here and there. There is great dearth of rich pastures, one inch of lain may cause more erosion than 16 inches in the plains due to steep nature of the mountains. Numerous small flooded streams full of silt and mud join the river Indus, making the river Indus to transport huge amounts to the plains thus reducing life of Tarbela Dam and causing rise in the river bed. It ha...
Dr. K. M. Salim and Gul Shahid
...or-Monsoon-Western type vegetation zone but because of its altitude and situation it is a mixture of Poor Monsoon Western type and Poor Mediterranean vegetation types. The annual precipitation is about 16 inches most of which is received during winter. The temperature range is around 28-90-92°F at Cherat. Snowfall at Cherat is upto a foot or two in colder winters but is variable from place to place. There is a...
Auras Muhi Taha*, Ibrahim Ahmed Ibrahim, Hassanein Abduladeem, Mohammed Qais Yassen, Omaima Khalid Ahmed and Tabark Najim Abdul-Allah
...ce of a large portion of vegetation cover in favor of fallow soils. The regression coefficient also showed a substantial negative relationship between drought conditions and SAVI, where R2 = 0.855. The drought led to the transformation of 64.88% of the study area into urban areas, in addition to 24.28% of Barelands. Therefore, only 10.84% of the study area is still subject to continuous agricultural use. This study found that EVI values decreased, especially i...
