John Stinespring, Ryan T. Cragun*
...d, two-variable Markov switching model is used which yields a tractable steady state solution and growth path for the share of the population that is nonreligious. The model setup and solution are shown to be both intuitive and determined by three parameter values. The authors illustrate its use by estimating these parameter values using biannual data from the 1973 to 2012 General Social Surveys (GSS). The parameter estimates from the first half of the GSS dat...
Marcus Mann
...Angeles, woke up with an itch. He had been shaken to his core by the events of the previous day and found himself drawn to his computer, relating his thoughts on the 9/11 terrorist attacks’ implications to a word processor. What started as an itch evolved into his first book, The End of Faith: a scathing indictment of religion, which in his opinion, was an impetus just as effective and real as the jet engines that prop...
Sania Subhan Qureshi, Mian Saeed Sarwar and Zahir Shah
... for any damage to the stitches and for regular dressing of the wound with antiseptic. Antibiotics and analgesic was recommended for 3-5 days respectively. As per feedback of the owner, the wound was healed and no complication was reported from the owner....
D.K. Hazra, Megha Pant, S.K. Raza and P. K. Patanjali
Formulation technology: key parameters for food safety with respect to agrochemicals use in crop protection
...nificant trend towards switching over from such pesticide formulations using petroleum and organic solvent based constituents to user and environment friendly water based formulations. These formulations not only replace toxic, non-degradable ingredients/adjuvants of the conventional formulations but also increase the bio-efficacy of the products through incorporating latest technologies including size reduction (WP to SC, SL to ME), increased coverage of appl...
Mohsan Ullah Goraya1,2, Liaqat Ali1,2 and Iqra Younis3
... the respiratory tract switch on the pathogen recognition by innate immune receptors and establish first line of defense against viral infections. When specific cellular receptors recognize a virus they trigger the translation of inflammatory cytokine and chemokines leading to establishment of an antiviral state of the host. In this review, we discuss the recent understanding in host responses to avian viral infection and their impact in health and disease.&nb...
Shahid Ali*, Anjum Shehzad*, Muhammad Ather Rafi* and Ahmed Zia*
INSECT POLLINATORS OF LITCHI ( ) FROM DISTRICT HARIPUR, PAKISTAN
...ect pollinator fauna in litchi orchards from three localities of district Haripur was studied. Insect collections were made from mid March to mid May, 2012. During collection, 494 insects were collected which yielded 20 species under 16 genera of eight families belonging to orders Diptera and Hymenoptera. Family Calliphoridae, Muscidae, Sarcophagidae and Syrphidae, represented the order Diptera, while families, Andrenidae, Apidae, Halictidae and Vespidae belon...
Ambreen Akhtar Saddozai*, Amer Mumtaz*, Nouman Rashid*, Shahzada Arshad Saleem**, Saeeda Raza* and Muhammad Naeem Safdar*
COMPARISON OF INDIGENOUSLY DEVELOPED TANGERINE-ORANGE MARMALADE WITH BRANDED MARMALADES AVAILABLE AT LOCAL MARKETS
...malades i.e., National, Mitchells and Salman’s were purchased from local markets and compared with non-branded (orange and tangerine) marmalades. Both marmalades were analysed for microbiological (TPC, yeast and mould), physico-chemical characteristics (pH, Brix, vitamin C and sugars) and organoleptic attributes. TPC count in both samples were nil. Yeast and -1 mould count was nil in branded while it was 600 and 400 cfug in orange and tangerine marmalade...
Siddra Tayyab Akhtar, Anjum Nasim Sabri
Twitching, swimming, swarming in biofilm forming strains in response to chemical and physical factors
...wimming, swarming, and twitching
motilities in response to different physiochemical factors. Twenty-two
morphologically different bacterial strains were collected from a drain of sewage
water located in the vicinity of Jinnah hospital Lahore, Pakistan. Six biofilm forming
bacterial strains were selected on the basis of their motility and biofilm forming
ability firstly by growing them on congo red agar medium and then by perf...
motilities in response to different physiochemical factors. Twenty-two
morphologically different bacterial strains were collected from a drain of sewage
water located in the vicinity of Jinnah hospital Lahore, Pakistan. Six biofilm forming
bacterial strains were selected on the basis of their motility and biofilm forming
ability firstly by growing them on congo red agar medium and then by perf...
Haniya Mazhar1, Naaz Abbas2, Tehseen Zamir3, Zahid Hussain1, Syed Shahid Ali4*
...e oil filling areas and kitchen wastages were screened on tributyrin agar and rhodamine agar plates. The strain PCSIR NL-37 was identified as Bacillus cereus following morphological, biochemical and molecular characterization. Best medium for lipase production was olive oil and mustard oil cake and the best carbon sources were fructose and maltose whereas yeast extract was found to be the best nitrogen source, showing 55U/mL enzyme activity. The best in...
Faheem Ali1*, Muhammad Naeem Arbab1, Abdul Basit2, Muhammad Kashif Khan1, Gulzar Ahmad1 and Muhammad Amir1
...agricultural industry. Switched Capacitors and Voltage Regulators are used to cope with such a situation. Regulators results in higher line currents thus resulting in excessive losses in addition to voltage sag problems. On the other hand, static capacitors can tackle the reactive VARs, but in steps only. Thus, a real time solution is required for sensing, controlling, and injection of VARs based on the actual requirement. Such a solution is proposed in this p...
Aisha Siddiqua1*, Munir Ahmad1 and Nusrat Habib2
...Multinomial Endogenous Switching (MES) regression model to analyze and compare the impact of different adaptation strategies in isolation or in combination on yield. The primary data of ‘Climate Change Impact Survey 2012-13’ used for this purpose. Crop-specific strategies of change in the time of sowing, use of inorganic fertilizer, change in irrigation, and varietal change. Change in irrigation practice gave rise to the highest yield suggesting th...
Nasira Khatoon1, Aly Khan2,*, S.S. Shahid3, Z.S. Saify4, M. Arshad Azmi1 and Wali Khan5
...ortant symptom is severe itch. Severe itching may cause sepsis which is sometimes life threatening. Male patients visiting Baqai Medical University were grouped into five categories based on their age at the first visit. The diagnosis was based on detailed history and clinical examination which included scraping of papillae or burrow to confirm the diagnosis. To test the incidence in various age groups and body parts a chi-s...
Bibi Nazia Murtaza1,2, Azhar Qayum3, Shamaila Inayat Nadeem1, Naif Awdh Al-Maliki4, Abdulaziz Alamri4 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori2,5,*
...ases behave as genetic switches. This transient process of GAP-mediated GTP hydrolysis becomes altered when the Kras gene is mutated. The most common Kras mutations are found in codon 12 and 13 and 61. Some other noncanonical mutations have been reported in codon 11, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 27, 30, 31, 117, 146 and 154. We aimed to demonstrate the conformational changes induced in two novel K RAS variants, p.E31K and p.G138V, identified in two CRC patients...
Zafar Abbas1*, Muhammad Mubashir1, Umair Riaz1, Zeenat Javid1, Muhammad Ashraf1, Saeed ur Rehman1, Muhammad Javid Qamar1, Syed Ali Zulqadar1 and Shahzada Munawar Mehdi2
...orm of fertilizers like kitchen waste, poultry manure and compost were used while the inorganic sources were NPK fertilizer. This experiment was laid out in the field area of soil and water testing laboratory for research, Bahawalpur in growing seasons from July to October of 2017. Treatments were arranged in Two factorial Completely Randomized Design CRBD fashion with three replications and six treatments. Treatments are arranged as control T1 (Without fertil...
Rashid Iqbal1,2, Mathias Neumann Andersen1*, Muhammad Aown Sammar Raza2, Muhammad Adil Rashid1 and Salman Ahmad2
...uently, irrigation was switched to the second half. PRD irrigation significantly improved WUE (both photosynthetic and intrinsic) and instantaneous carboxylation efficiency of Rubisco than FI and DI. Higher Abscisic acid (ABA) production under PRD reduced stomatal conductance, net photosynthesis and transpiration rate. Magnitude of osmotic adjustment (i.e. leaf water, osmotic and tugor potential) was lowest and highest under FI, DI and PRD, respectively. Howev...
Muhammad Mansoor1, Khalid Usman2*, Shahid Hameed Khan Khalil3, Abdul Mateen Khattak4, Muhammad Ehsan Elahi1, Muhammad Waqas Imam Malik2 and Amir Hamza2
...therefore, the growers switched to solar tunnel drying but couldn’t get the required results. The protocols of using solar tunnels needed fine-tuning of temperature and relative air humidity, which affect fruit quality. During dates’ drying process high temperature and low humidity is required. This research was conducted at Arid Zone Research Center, D.I. Khan, Pakistan for quick and safe ripening of date fruits under controlled conditions. For ri...
Muhammad Nisar* and Muhammad Idress
...e gardening also called kitchen or homestead gardening. Home gardening study is necessary not only due to its social, food security and economic contribution, but its consideration’s negligence in development agendas. Home gardening data provide complete agricultural input in a nation’s domestic treasure. Therefore, the current study was carried out with the objective to assess small farmers’ involvement in home gardening at district Tank, Kh...
Muhammad Abdul Rahman1*, Abdul Saboor1, Gulnaz Hameed1, Ghulam Bilal2 and Farooq Tanwir3
.... These CEHFs are then stitched with existing body of literature to consolidate our findings. Results comprised key CEHFs affecting occurrence of security hazards to dairy production in the scenario of changing climate. Experts ranked lack of genetic research and fodder security on top among various critical factors that drive and increase occurrence of security hazards to health and production of dairy animals. Lack of labs to identify diseases, sensitiveness...
Gasem Mohammad Abu-Taweel
...hearafter the dams were sitched to tap water. The behavioral results showed a significant increase in nonsocial investigation while social investigation and defense activities were decreased significantly. Results indicated that both latencies, to first threat and first attack were increased significantly, while the duration time of flight, number of fights, nasonasal, nasogenital and rears were decreased significantly. The latency to first bite was significan...
Syed Basit Rasheed*, Ahmad Yar, Farrah Zaidi and Qaisar Jamal
...mly from indoor (rooms, kitchen and washrooms) and outdoor (streets, crop fields, barren ground and grave yards) sites by using buccal aspirator, pitfall traps and hand pick method. A total of 19 species representing 11 genera and three subfamilies namely Formicinae, Myrmicinae and Dolichoderinae were identified during the present study. Myrmicinae was the most diverse subfamily with five genera (Crematogaster, Meranoplus, Messor, Monomorium and Phei...
Neelam Pery*, Nayab Batool Rizvi, Muhammad Imtiaz Shafiq
...Tofacitinib’ has switched on the myriad efforts for more efficacious and safe inhibitors. Here we report the in-Silico development of novel 1, 7-dihydrodipyrrolo[2,3-b:3’,2’-e]pyridine -3-carboxamide derivatives as JAK3 inhibitors with predicted efficacy more than that of Tofacitinib. Although the dipyrrolopyridine analogues have already been used for developing inhibitors for different biological conditions, the presented arrangement ...
Muhammad Farooq1, Shahid Bashir1*, Irshad Ullah1, Muhammad Nadeem1
FREQUENCY AND POLARIZATION RECONFIGURABLE MICROSTRIP ANTENNA
...In one slot there is a switch. The two feeds are positioned on the right and left
diagonal of microstrip antenna. When the switch is ON the electrical size of antenna becomes small and it resonates
at higher UMTS 2100 MHz band with circular polarization. Similarly, when the switch is OFF then size of antenna
is large and it operates at lower UMTS 1900 MHz band with ell...
diagonal of microstrip antenna. When the switch is ON the electrical size of antenna becomes small and it resonates
at higher UMTS 2100 MHz band with circular polarization. Similarly, when the switch is OFF then size of antenna
is large and it operates at lower UMTS 1900 MHz band with ell...
Muneeb Abrar1, Shabbir Majeed Chaudhry2
DESIGN OF A LOW NOISE, LOW POWER AND SPURIOUS FREE PHASE FREQUENCY DETECTOR AND CHARGE PUMP FOR PHASE-LOCKED LOOPS
...s capacitors to reduce switching error and clock feed through. The
proposed design has a symmetric structure in terms of W/L ratios,transistor positioning and number of transistors in
both up and down network, which produces a stable charging operation and reduces the spurious jumps in the output
voltage. The overall output noise including thermal and flicker noise of the complete design at high frequencies is
as low as -213 db at 4...
proposed design has a symmetric structure in terms of W/L ratios,transistor positioning and number of transistors in
both up and down network, which produces a stable charging operation and reduces the spurious jumps in the output
voltage. The overall output noise including thermal and flicker noise of the complete design at high frequencies is
as low as -213 db at 4...
Farid Ullah Khan*, Sheraz Ali Khan*
A SMART STARTUP AND SHUTDOWN SYSTEM FOR DOMESTIC ELECTRIC POWER GENERATORS
...t amplifier, automatic switching relay and step down transformers are used in the prototype circuit to control the functions required for startup, shutdown and switching onto and off the electric grid supply. Simulation of the developed system was performed in Proteus software and a prototype system has been implemented and tested with a 3500 W household electrical generator. The system performance has been analyzed for thre...
Faheem Ali1, Muhammad Amir1, Muhammad Iftikhar Khan1, Muhammad Naeem Arbab1, Abdul Basit2, Muhammad Kashif Khan1, Gulzar Ahmad1
AN SVC BASED POWER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT MODEL FOR CONSUMERS CONNECTED TO WEAK BUSSES IN DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
...ther alternatives like switched capacitor banks to cope with low power factor but the limitation is step-wise reactive power injection which does not meet the changing load requirements. Real time improvement requires constant monitoring and real-time injection of Volt-Ampere-Reactive (VAR) which is possible with the help of a Static VAR Compensator (SVC). An SVC based Power Quality Improvement (PQI) is proposed in this paper which addresses the...
Nadeem Abbas Shah1*, Ejaz Ashraf1, Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel2, Zaheer ud Din Mirani3, Usman Rafique1 and Raees Abbas Shah4
Assessing Perceptions of the Households-heads Regarding Food Security Status in Drought-hit Areas of District Tharparkar, Sindh, Pakistan: A Case Study for Agricultural Extension
...s’ food products, kitchen gardening, reuse of preserved food and other products, migration to food secure areas and reduced number of meals eaten in a day. It is recommended that government should focus on education, employment opportunities, development of natural resources for producing food secure crops and start awareness movements among the inhabitants of Tharparkar to revitalize the status of food security in the study area....
Muhammad Farooq, Shahid Bashir* and Salman Ilahi Siddiqui
Beam Steerable and Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna Array for 5G Mobile Networks
...chieved by placing two switches inside an etched slot on patch antenna, which resulted in a matched bandwidth of 5.29 GHz (24.13 to 29.42 GHz). Beam steering has been achieved by placing the proposed antenna array along three different edges of a mobile phone and energizing only one array at a given time. The proposed antenna array has increased maximum directivity up to 14 dB and maximum gain up to 13 dB. Furthermore, by incorporating a defected ground struct...
Muhammad Shahid1*, Unsar Naeem-Ullah1, Waheed S. Khan2, Shafqat Saeed1 and Kashif Razzaq3
Application of Nanotechnology for Insect Pests Management: A Review
...countries in the world switched from chemical based agriculture to green based agriculture that are ecologically reliable, socially acceptable and economically sound. In current scenario, the nanotechnology has revolutionized the agriculture with the greatest potential of nano based insecticides for the insect pest management. The physical and chemical approaches are most widely used for the synthesis of nanoparticles but actually they are detrimental for the ...
Muhammad Mohsin Raza1*, Hera Gul2, Malik Muhammad Yousaf1, Sami Ullah3, Ghulam Sabir Hussain4, Mumtaz Hussain1, Jahangir Shah1, Bashir Ahmad1, Rao Wali Muhammad1, Ijaz Ahmad5 and Muhammad Zeshan6
...d 30 cm wide single row ditches, 100 cm spaced 60 cm wide double row ditches, 100 cm spaced 90 cm wide triple row ditches, 100 cm spaced 100 x 100 cm, pits, 90 cm spaced single rows and 90 cm spaced double row strips. The quadruplicated experiment already laid out according to RCBD for the plant crop, used for this study. The sugarcane was sown on September 8 2015, and in late February, 20...
Mokbel, Samah A.1,Ahmed K. El Attar1; Azza G.Farag2.
...>Phytoplasma associated witches‟-Broom has been detected on symptomatic hibiscus
plants. Samples of hibiscusleaves were collected from El Giza, Alexandria, Qlubia,El-
Fayom, and El-Mansouragovernoratesand analyzed for phytoplasma infection.The
collected hibiscus plants showed characteristic symptoms for Phytoplasma associated
witches‟-Broom disease, which is characterized b...
Samah A. Mokbel, Ahmed K. El-Attar
...he
hibiscus witches' broom phytoplasma was transmitted by grafting into healthy
hibiscus plants, the in vitro-infected hibiscus explants were exposed to gamma
radiation at different doses - 5 gray (Gy), 10Gy, 15Gy, 20Gy and 25 Gy- emitted
from cobalt 60 (60Co) for 30 minute. All applied doses resulted in phytoplasma-free
hibiscus plantlets with different survival activity. The presence of phytoplasma ...
Eman A. Ahmed1, Osama Y. Shalaby2, Emad F. Dwidar2, Samah A. Mokbel1, Ahmed K. El-Attar1
...of big bud,
witches'-broom and phyllody, in all regions of the screened governorates, reacted
positively when assayed by nested polymerase chain reactions (PCR) using universal
phytoplasma-specific primer pairs P1/P7 and R16F2n/R16R2. Similar assays were used
to detect phytoplasma interactions with experimentally host plant. Dienes’ stain was also
used for detection of natural infection of phyto...
Amir M. Walaa1 ; Ausama Yousif1; Walid H. Kilany2; Magdy El-Sayed1; Ahmed A. El-Sanousi1
...t one-day-old with live hitchner + IB Primer. Then all groups at 7 days old were boosted with inactivated combined NDV+IBV vaccines with different adjuvants except for group 1 & 2. Group 1 was kept as unvaccinated control. At 28 days all groups were challenged with a dose of 105.5 EID50/bird of Variant 2 genotype (1494) IBV through oculo-nasal rout. Blood samples were collected randomly from 10 birds from each group at day 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 . Organs...
Rasha M. Mahrous1,4, Ahmed K. El-Attar2, Ahlam A. AlWatban1, Sohair I. EL-Afifi3,
Nagwa M. Aref1,3
...oplasma Associated with Witches' broom disease (WB) is a very serious disease of
citrus with a major limiting factor for lime production. Symptoms of Witches' broom were observed on
limes in AL-Qalyubia governorate, Egypt. This study identified and classified the isolated WB
phytoplasma.
Method: Phytoplasma was isolated from lime trees exhibited Witch
Mudassir Safdar, Aurang Zeb, Sidra Khalid, Shahid Bashir, Riffat Mehboob* and Muhammad Imran
... was provided to hostel kitchen for the study subjects. Blood hemoglobin concentrations and anthropometric measurements of all participating hostel girls (n=219) were determined initially (Day-0) and at the end of 4 months feeding period. Mean age of the subjects was 21.88 years, with an average initial BMI of 24.71 kg/m2. Findings of the efficacy trial showed that the average hemoglobin level in anemic girls increased from 8.99 to 9.94g/dl. The prevalence of ...
Naheed Zahra1*, Saira Batool1, Mubbashira Nazir1, Ghulam Akbar Malik2 and Iffat Batool3
...at the household level, kitchen gardening program should be introduced which will improve their livelihood more effectively....
Hemat A. Abdel Magied*, Heba H. Habib, Amany H. Waly, Ahmed Fadl, Sayed M. Shalash
...positive effect of EXP1 witch improved FCR by supplemented P however PEP supplementation increased dressing % and drum stick %. Both supplementation enhanced meat TP and decreased meat MDA. The EXP2 witch used low CP and low ME with PEP supplementation enhance especially for L10%-100 and control. The chemical quality of produced meat as the concentrations of MDA and LDL were decreased and increased meat TP.
Keywords...
Shama Sadaf1*, Komal Hassan1, Ayesha Saeed1 and Zeeshan Ahmad2
...a, Butea monosperma and Litchi chinensis plants and applied on 100% cotton. Before and after applying antimicrobial finish mechanical property was checked. The antimicrobial finish was applied by pad dry cure method and finish was fixed by using of poly urethane binder. The presence of microorganisms was checked by ASTEM E2149 shake flask method before and after applying antimicrobial finish and after successive 25 washes. The results were analyzed through MAN...
Mochamad Rizal Umami1, Zainuri*2, Sebastiana Viphindrartin2 and Rafael Purtomo Somaji2
...arcane trading system, switching from a contractual trade model to a free market model (redeemer). The model refutes the theory stating that the contractual model will be more efficient than the free market model due to its lower transaction costs. The proposition (substantive theory) produced in this study states that in conditions of sugarcane commodities facing a captive market, the market mechanism is more efficient than the contractual mechanism. Furtherm...
Saima Mumtaz1,3*, M. Imran Kasana1, Riaz Alam1, Noorullah Khan1, Muhammad Noman1, Sanjeela Sabahat1 and Hussain Shah2
...="text-align: justify;">Litchi (Litchi chinensis) is mostly propagated through air layering which is cumbersome because of low survival rate of layered plants, more requirement of mother stock and labor intensive method. To address these issues an alternative technique has been employed for quick multiplication of litchi. In the present study we have investigated the influence of various l...
I Nyoman Sulabda1, Anak Agung Gde Oka Dharmayudha2, I Wayan Nico Fajar Gunawan3, Dwi Fortuna Hashilonda4, Luh Gde Setyawati5, I Ketut Puja6*
...emination method. Eight bitches were used in this experiment. The dog was in good health. The time of artificial insemination was performed 11 days after the onset of proestrus. Bitches are inseminated intravaginally. Pregnancy was confirmed by ultrasound 25 days post-AI. To our knowledge, this is the first successful case of AI in a Kintamani dog. From these results, it can be concluded that freezing the semen of Kintamani ...
Abdul Hassan1*, Arshad Farooq1, Muhammad Ishaq2, Ghulam Sadiq2 and Asif Nawaz3
... market monitoring and switching to other markets had loadings in market strategy while maintaining good relationship with friends/relatives and maintaining good relationship with market actors in institutional strategy. Human strategy was related to engaging on off-farm employment for income generation and reducing hiring of labor for farm activities while financial strategy was related to sale of perennial crops and sale of livestock. The study suggested for...
Laikun Ma1,2, Jiaojiao Wang1, Shanshan Lyu2 and Jianhua Hou1*
...ng matching, song type switching, and song overlap, are used in aggressive signalling in songbirds. However, in the territorial dusky warbler (Phylloscopus fuscatus), which includes trills in its song, it is unclear whether song length meets the context, prediction and response criteria of aggressive signal needs further study. We studied the responses of males to invaders with different threat levels by playing back songs of various length during the breeding...
Kandiah Pakeerathan*, Konesalingam Jeyavithuyan, Aruchchunan Nirosha and Gunasingham Mikunthan
...e leaves), sawdust, and kitchen waste were used as mushroom substrate and then mushroom grown waste was converted into bio-fortified vermicompost using exotic earthworm Eisenia foetida+ Trichoderma viride + Pseudomonas fluorescens. Onion growth parameters, yield, and DSI were recorded from the experiment conducted in a complete randomized design and subjected to ANOVA using SAS 9.1. Turkey’s HSD multiple comparison test and Person-correlation analysis we...
Qasim Ali1, Mudssar Ali1*, Muhammad Awais Ahmad1, Asif Sajjad2 and Shafqat Saeed1
...="text-align: justify;">Litchi holds significant importance as a global fruit crop due to its rich content of essential vitamins such as C, B-complex, and flavonoids, which play a crucial role in maintaining a balanced human diet. The process of pollination, a vital ecosystem service, substantially contributes to enhancing the nutritional quality and yield of cross-pollinated fruits and vegetables. To evaluate the impact of bees and syrphid flies on enhancing ...
Rana Mahmood Ahmad*, Orooba M.S. Ibrahim
... therapy speeds up the switch from an inflammatory to an anti-inflammatory response during the healing process. The histopathological observation showed that a section of a joint in groups treated with SaZnONPs had a normal joint cavity with normal articular cartilage compared with other treated groups. Accordingly, the findings of the present study suggested that ZnONPs reinforced with clove can be anti-arthritis treatments and may be utilized as a substitute...
Rana Mahmood Ahmad*, Orooba Mohammed Maeed Ibrahim
... therapy speeds up the switch from an inflammatory to an anti-inflammatory response during the healing process. On the other hand, the positive control groups showed no improvement in the level of the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) in serum. According to the results, we can conclude that the clove oil produced using the petroleum ether have the potential to be used as an excellent anti-inflammatory agent with less side effect. Because medicinal plant extra...
Sulake Fadhil Al-Zubaidi1*, Ghusoon A.A. Alneamah2, Ali Saleh Mahdi1, Abdulraheem Abduljalil Wali3
...reatment of pyometra in bitches. For this purpose, the study was conducted in a private clinic and veterinary hospital in Baghdad. The study included seventeen different breeds bitches. The ages of bitches range from 12-132 months with an average of 38 months. Bitches are diagnosed with pyometra (open and closed) depending on clinical signs, ultrasound, ...
ARIFA ZEREEN & ALMAS JAHAN
...s e.g., cause allergies, itching, drowsiness, insensibility etc. Effective planning is required for timely detection in order to check and control the spread of new acclimatized exotics....
Muhammad Sultan1,4, Muhammad H. Mahmood2,4, Takahiko Miyazaki3,4, Shigeru Koyama3,4, Zahid M. Khan1
...ditioning systems e.g. switching/cycle time, desiccant/system size, and regeneration temperature etc. Usually it is difficult to measure open-cycle adsorption kinetics precisely in adsorption heat pump systems. Therefore, present study provides an experimental comparison of close and open cycle based water vapor adsorption kinetics for the development of desiccant air-conditioning system. In this regard, a polymer based hydrophilic sorbent was used for close a...
Inam Ullah, Zahid Ahmad, Syed Hasnain Abbas and Kaleem Shah
Naveed Ahmed and Amjad Usman
...d against amaltas leaf stitcher Piesmopoda obliquifasciella Hamps. at Pakistan Forest Institute, Peshawar. Results of the post-spray data recorded after 1, 3 and 7 days revealed that all the insecticides were significantly effective in reducing the larval population of the pest as compared to the untreated check. Steward 150 EC (Indoxacarb) was found to the most effective insecticide with maximum % mortality of 96.167, 98.167 and 100.00 %, after 24 hour...
Ghulam Ali Bajwa
...ella, Amaltas leaf stitcher, Malathion, Dimilin, Atabron
...
Mohammad Ayaz
...animal driven wells and pitcher system of water supply is being replaced with machine pumping, overhead tanks and house to house piped supply of water. These may be the main causes for the changing water supply and demand scenario in the country.
...
Ghulam Ali Bajwa and Muhammad Nawaz Rajpar
...) and amaltas leaf stitcher (Piesmopoda obliquifasciella). Decoction of these plant species provided significant protection against termites for three months in the field. D. alba and C. procera were the most effective against termites with 62.5% protection. While M. communis and L. camara with 18.5 and 18.75% protection, respectively were the least effective. Similarly, cold water extract of these plant species showed po...
Anwar Ali, Kamran Khan, Ayaz Khan Marwat, Sajid Aman and Irfan Ullah
...ted in 2017 in hillside ditches under semi-arid conditions at Paya Muslimabad, District Kohat was carried out. Seven drought resistant tree species were planted in three replications on RCB design. After plantation in 2017 the survival and height data of each species were collected every year in June till 2020 and analysed statistically. Acacia ampliceps and Acacia elata gained maximum height than Acacia nilotica, Zizyphus mauritiana, Acacia v...
G. A. Bajwa, H. Gul and G. N. Panhwer
...uifasciella a leaf stitcher of amaltas (Cassia fistula) was studied in the laboratory during 1996-97. Studies on the biology showed that the fecundity of a single female moth was on an average 37.71 ± 0.91 eggs with maximum of 45 and minimum 30 eggs. The oviposition, incubation, larval and pupal periods lasted for 1-3, 3-5, 8-18, 6-18 days, respectively while the adults remained alive for 4-17 days. There were seven generations in a year with ...
K. M. Siddiqui and B. H. Shah
...hing,
drip irrigation, pitcher irrigation and deep planting
were also successfully used for this purpose. A number
of multipurpose tree species adapted to the desert environmental conditions in Thal were identified. These
were Acacia albida, Acacia tortilis, Acacia elata,
Tecoma undulate, Acacia victoriae, Tamarix aphylla,
Acacia modesta, and Prosopis cineraria. For semi-arid
area of Kharian, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Acacia
saligna, A...
Zakaullah
...es of willows:
canker, witche's-broom and shiny-black oily secretion incited by a bacterium,
Mycoplasma-Like Bodies and aphids respectively were recorded. Bacterial canker was
more common and damaging as compared with witche's-broom and aphids attack in
Phander areas situated about 200 km north-west of Gilgit at an elevation ranging between
2286 and 2438 m. The important forest trees include willows and poplars. Thre...
M.I. Sheikh, R. W. Hussain and Saliheen Khan
...house having galvanized pitched roof is considered to be a pucca house. All types of other house fall under the category of kutcha house. In a pucca house, wood is usually used for door windows, ventilators and cupboards, while in a kutcha house, in addition to above mentioned uses, wood is also used for roofing. According to 1980 housing census report, the rate of increase in construction of houses during 1973-80 was 2 percent per annum. This was 1.5% in rura...
Wali-ur-Rahman and M. I on ail Chaudhry
...icrolepidopterous leaf stitchers caused defoliation of kail trees in patches in the Galis Forest Division at Chatri R. near Thandiani, Bagan near Nathiagali and Darwaza near Kuzagali in Hazara, N.W.F.P.
...
Mohammad Shariq Khan, Altaf Ahmad and Anwar Ahmad Khan
... urticaria, renal colic, itching, typhoid, hey fever and body pains. It can also be used as a tanning material for curing goats and lamb skins. This natural resource is exploited on large scale to the tune of 2.2 million kg. per annum for the manufacture of ephedrine which is exported to different countries of the world and is also used in the medicines prepared by the pharmaceutical concerns of Pakistan....
M.I. Sheikh, Bashir Hussain Shah and Abdul Aleem
...h plastic apron,
stone pitching, and grass mulch and without mulch in
March, 1981. Observations after one year and two months
revealed that the mulches did not have any effect on the
survival of plants. However, out of the lour treatments,
plastic aprons were significantly effective in improving
the growth rate of both the species; stone pitching and
grass mulch had rather negative effect on growth.
...
Pervez Khawaja, I. A. Hafiz and M. I. Chaudhry
...Hamps), a serious leaf stitcher of
Amaltas, Cassia fistula. The microbial insecticide gave
84.4, 78.1 and 90.7% mortality of the test larvae with dose of 0.8 x 105, 1.6 x105, and 3.2x105 spores per ml
against a natural mortality of 34.4% larvae in the
check. The efficacy of the product has been proved
against this insect hence it can be used on field scale
to control the peat.
...
M. I. Shiekh and B. H. Shah
...est the efficacy of the pitcher irrigation for the
establishment of tree vegetation in arid conditions,
experiments were conducted at Rakh Dagar Kotli in 1980
and 1981. Acacia modesta and E. camaldulensis were
planted around the pitchers at a distance of half a
meter from the centre of the pitchers. Using diluted
bitumen the pitchers ...
Parvez Khawaja, I.A. Hafiz and M. I. Chaudhry
...ly attacked by
a leaf stitcher, Piesmopoda obliquifasciella (Hmps).
Heavy infestation tarnish the beautiful look of the tree
for which it is grown as well as destroy annual growth
of the tree to the extent of 50-100% depending upon
severity of infestation. For developing a control method
safer to the environment a pathogenic fungus, Beauveria
bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. Was tried against the larval
stages of the pest. The fungus displayed its...
G. M. Baloch and M. A. Ghani
... and Hawksworth, 1961). Witchweeds, Striga spp., mostly damage graminaceous plants (e.g., sorghum, corn, sugarcane, pearl millet) (Greathead and Milner, 1971) while broomrapes, Orobanche spp, attack crucifers, eucurbits, potato, egg plant, tomato, sunflower, carrot, celery, lettuce and legumes (Kasaian, 1971). The dodders, Cuscuta spp., parasitise a large number of plants including trees, herbs, shrubs, cultivated crops (mostly legumes) an...
K.M. Siddiqui and Mohammad Parvez
...pal, Bhutan and China (Critchfield and Little, 1963). The range of natural distribution of blue pine is continuous over a greater part of the tract but isolated patches of this species are also found in extreme west and east of this range. The distribution of blue pine in Pakistan and Azad Kashmir....
Ashiq Ahmad and M. Ismail Chaudhry
...ially in mother's milk switching to tender barks 2-3 months later.
...
M.Ismail Chaudhry and Bashir Hussain Shah
...ly infested by leaf stitchers and defoliatois in the plains but are quite safe from their attack in hills. Unfortunately hybrid poplars are seriously attacked by poplar stem and root borer, Apriona cinerea Chev. in hilly areas....
M. Ismail Chaudhry and Iqbal Ahmad
...n Pakistan. This leaf stitcher becomes active in the beginning of April and passes through 6-7 generations during growing season. The larvae stitch two or more leaves together with silken threads and feed on parenchyma tissues, leaving network of viens and skeleton of leaves intact. It causes more than 90% leaf stitching when severe.
The moths from hibernating pupae emerge during M...
The moths from hibernating pupae emerge during M...
Danh Mo
... Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitch. as a forage for goats. Using twelve plots from a 48 m2 land area, the first experiment showed that the biomass of Wedelia in fresh and dry matter (DM) rose significantly (P<0.05) when harvesting at times from 3, 5, 7 to 9 weeks following planting and regeneration. With a yield of 22.4 tons/ha/year, the harvest period of 9 weeks had the best yield. Wedelia tends to lose nutritive value (P<0.05) when harvesting time increases...
Nada Hamzah Shareef Al Shabbani1, Marwa Jamal Hussain Al Kinani2*, Tmara Qais Al-Mohammadi1
...0 males; with persistent itchy nodular lesions of scabies demonstrated clinically and histopathologically. Everity grade scabies was evaluated by the number of lesions and rated it as severity of itching. Long-term treatment with topical glucocorticoids for 14 days in every age. Tissue from the blisters of patient was obtained after medication. The specimens were washed, fixed and cut to 4-5 µm and stained with H&E...
Maysaa A. Jumaah*, Ali A. Al-Iedani
..., all immunized groups switched immune responses toward Th2 and reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines to produce homeostasis and reduce damage to body tissue. In conclusion, the use of natural vaccine adjuvants and alum led to a type 2 immune response and diverted immunity towards Th2. Importantly, all adjuvant types increased the level of innate immune responses. However, alum performed better in induction of adaptive immunity than the rest of adjuvents used.&nb...
Bilal Ahmed Qazi, Nowsherwan Zarif, Anwar Ali*, Faizan Ahmed, Asim Karim and Ali Nawaz
...ro-catchments, hillside ditches, roaded catchments, water spreading, and individual basins were investigated to determine their efficiency and effectiveness. Deep planting and plastic mulching were extensively used for this purpose. Several multipurpose tree species were recommended for the desert environmental conditions in Thal, such as Acacia albida, Acacia tortilis, Acacia elata, Tecoma undulata, Acacia victoriae, Tamarix aphylla, Acacia modesta, and Proso...
Abid Jan* and Asad Ullah
...l food storage, regular kitchen inventory, and checking and creative cooking practices involving leftovers were some of the study recommendations....
Dietary Habits of Indian Gerbil Tatera indica Inhabiting Agro-Ecosystem of Pothwar Plateau, Pakistan
Anum Razzaq*, Tariq Mahmood, Ammara Saman, Ammara Baig, Nadeem Munawar and Muhammad Farooq
...iods), the rat species switched its diet to wild flora, and consumed most frequently Ziziphus nummularia (Beri) followed by Cynodon dactylon (Khabbal grass), Desmostachya bipinnate (Baron dhab), Artemisia dubia etc. along with some fodder crops like Sorghum bicolour (Sorghum), Zea mays (Maize), Brassica campestris (Mustard) etc. The summer diet (non-crop season) was comparatively less diversified than the diet of the cropping season (spring) and there was a si...
Tayyaba Gul Tareen1*, Wajahat Ullah Khan Tareen2, Muhammad Aamir3, Jehanzeb Khan1 and Naveed Jan4
...rogressive decrease of switches forsmart batterychargers with the APFs configuration. The key characteristics of the cutting-edge technology in RES, dual active bridge converter with functions of active power filter (APF), and electric vehicle (EV) battery charging system have been elaborated in this research. Following with the problem description and objectives of this study are articulated. A thorough categorization of conference papers, journal articles, a...
Heba Saleh Shaheed1, Zainab J. Malik2*, Ghusoon A.A. Alneamah1, Salih T.H.2
...th impact forceps, and stitches were applied to the lobe then by using the surgical scissors to cutting the tied lobe away from the suture after applied the three knots were tied, with a 3-0 polyglactin suture the wall of abdominal then re-approximated, and by used a 2-0 polyamide suture the skin was closed. After liver resection, the animals were divide into two equivalent groups; Graviola was given orally to the first group, and eucalyptus extract was given ...
Mohammed A. Al-Saadi1*, Yahia I. Khudhair1, Muthanna Hadi Hussain1, Monyer Abdulamier Abd Alfatlawi2, Mourad Ben Said3
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