Umed Ali Laghari, Ahmed Naqi Shah, Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro, Zia-ul-Hassan, Ghulam Murtaza Jamro and Khalid Hussain Talpur
... in Pakistan, especially grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.). We evaluated K requirements of five elite grass pea genotypes in a field experiment. The experiment was organized in factorial block design with three replications. The study involved five commonly grown grass pea genotypes (Sel-B 111, Sel-449, Sel-190, Sel-1785 and Sel-945) and three K doses (0, 10 and 20 kg K ha-1). The results re...
Aqila Shaheen and Mehwish Matien
...d uses viz. forest land, grassland, and cultivated land were quantified. These land uses belonged to two soil groups having different soil type and climate. Selected soil groups were Inceptisols (site 1) and Mollisols (site 2). Soil samples were analyzed for bulk density (BD), soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (AP), extractable potassium (K) and pH. Statistically (p ≤ 0.05) higher SOC contents of Inceptisols and Molli...
Imed Ben Salem*, Aymen Ben Ibrahim, M’barek Chetoui and Said Nouira
Noor Islam1, Muhammad Amjad2, Ehsan ul Haq3, Elizabeth Stephen1 and Falak Naz4
...mum basilicum), lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus), oregano (Origanium vulgare), lemon (Citrus lemon) and thyme (Thymus linearus), formic acid at three different concentrations of 25%, 50% and 100% and control were used against T. clareae in naturally infested honey bee, A. mellifera colonies in Honeybee Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan. The percentage of infestation by <...
Mohammad Umar Farooq1*, Sarfaraz Ahmad2, Ghulam Nabi1, Ijaz Ali1 and Imtiaz Ahmad1
...th of root zone for each grass and the root portion was separated, weighed, oven dried at 60 Co for estimating below ground pytomass carbon Mg C ha-1. Carbon pool in above ground phtyomass was 0.08 MgCha-1 while below ground phytomass carbon was estimated as 0.05 MgCha-. In grazed and un-grazed sites, the SOC (%) MgCha-1 decreased depth wise as well as in total carbon MgCha-1. In grazed site, th...
Naeem Iftikhar1, Qamar Zaman Qamar2, Usman Ali3, Muhammad Siddique Awan4, Syeda Shaista Bibi4, Riaz Aziz Minhas4*
...ock grazing and seasonal grass cutting, fire and hunting were identified as major threats to the survival of this species in AJK. This study recommended the immediate formulation and implementation of Cheer pheasant conservation action plan along with declaration of its potential habitats as protected area to ensure the further survival of this important species....
Muhammad Zamin* and Abdul Mateen Khattak
... its suitability as turf grass needed to be assessed for conservation and to combat salinity problem. For this purpose, various ecotypes of Sporobolus spicatus were investigated by conducting mowing tests in the year 2013 under UAE climatic conditions. Fifty ecotypes of Sporobolus spicatus were cut at various heights, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 cm. Significant differences were found among various ecotypes and mowing heights for different growth and quality paramete...
Jaime Molina-Ochoa1, 2, 6,*, Edelmira Galindo-Velasco2, Ana María Rosales-Gutiérrez2, Martín González-Ramírez3, Roberto Lezama-Gutiérrez3, Wilberth Chan-Cupul3, Steven R. Skoda4, Muhammad Irfan Ullah5, Luis Jorge García-Márquez2 and John E. Foster6
...e ticks. Soil cores from grasslands were baited with last instars of the great wax moth (GWM), Galleria mellonella L., and an EPN isolate was obtained, it belonged to the genus Heterorhabditis and identified as JMO71. The nematodes were cultivated in GWM larvae, and the emerging infective juveniles (IJs) were collected from White traps, and pooled in canted neck vented plastic flasks. The susceptibility of an important livestock arthropod, the ca...
Nasia Batool*, Imtiaz Ahmad Qamar**, Imdad Hussain Mirza** and Muhammad Fateh Ullah Khan**
MIXING LESS PALATABLE GRASSES WITH UREA, MOLASSES AND EFFECTIVE MICROORGANISMS AND ITS EFFECT ON CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND DIGESTIBILITY IN GOATS
...ntation of low palatable grasses with urea, molasses and Effective Microorganisms (EM) on chemical composition and digestibility in goats. (HC), (CA), (SH) and (DB) were used and the combinations were grass + 4% molasses, grass + 4% urea, grass + 4% urea + 4% molasses, grass + 4% urea + 1:100 EM, ...
Mustaring,* I. Subagyo,** Soebarinoto** and Marsetyo*
GROWTH, YIELD AND NUTRITIVE VALUE OF NEW INTRODUCED BRACHIARIA SPECIES AND LEGUME HERBS AS RUMINANT FEED IN CENTRAL SULAWESI, INDONESIA
...d and nutritive value of grasses namely Brachiaria brizantha, B. mulato, and B. mutica and five legume herbs such as Clitoria ternatea, Dolichos lablab, Macroptilium bracteatum, Centrosema pascuorum and Centrosema pascuorum in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia using completely randomised block design. Each species was planted on 2.5m x 3m plot, and repeated 6 and 4 times in experiment 1 and 2, respectively. Parameters measured include plant height, tillage number, d...
Maimoona Bashir*, Imtiaz Ahmad Qamar*, Muhammad Fateh Ullah Khan* and Abdul Razzaq*
EFFECT OF MIXING LOW PALATABLE GRASSES AND IPIL IPIL LEAVES ON FORAGE QUALITY
... of mixing low palatable grasses namely Heteropogon contortus, Desmostachya bipinnata, Sorghum halepense and Chrysopogon aucheri with tree leaves of Leucaena leucocephala (Ipil ipil) in the ratio of 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, along with sole species on their chemical composition. Samples were analyzed for proximate parameters (crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), total ash and ether extract (EE)). The results revealed that there were significant differences in dry ...
Maimoona Bashir*, Imtiaz Ahmad Qamar*, Muhammad Fateh Ullah Khan* and Raheel Babar*
EFFECT OF MIXING LOW PALATABLE GRASS OF HETEROPOGON CONTORTUS WITH IPIL IPIL LEAVES ON DIGESTIBILITY IN GOATS
... of mixing low palatable grasses of Heteropogon contortus (HC), with tree leaves of Leucaena leucocephala (Ipil ipil, II) in the ratio of 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, along with sole species on their digestibility in small ruminants. Goats fed II , HC II , HC II , HC II and HC had similar 100% 25% 75% 50% 50% 75% 25% 100% dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and crude fibre (CF) consumption among all the treatments. The digestibility percentage of dry matter intake (DM...
Muhammad Arshad Ullah*, Nazir Hussain**, Helge Schmeisky*** and Muhammad Rasheed****
INOCULATION AND INTER-CROPPING OF LEGUMES IN ESTABLISHED GRASS FOR INCREASING BIOMASS OF FODDER
... 67%) of Panicum maximum grass and legumes (Vicia sativa and cowpeas) coupled with inoculation was studied under rainfed conditions at National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC) Islamabad, Pakistan. Intercropping significantly increased tillering of grass. Seed inoculation of legumes also gave maximum tillers. The grass and legumes biomass without any treatment were recorded as 7.09 and ...
Muhammad Arshad Ullah*, Nazir Hussain**, Helge Schmeisky*** and Muhammad Rasheed****
IMPROVING FODDER QUALITY OF PANICUM GRASS THROUGH INTERCROPPING OF LEGUMES AND THEIR INOCULATION
...intercropping of Panicum grass with legumes (33%, 50% and 67%) with or without inoculation to investigate its fodder quality. The study clearly indicated that quality of fodder increased significantly both with the legumes and inoculation. The intercropping of Panicum grass with 67% inoculation proved the best combination. The 6-7% higher crude protein (CP) of mixed fodder was recorded from 67% intercropping in comparison to...
Sohaib Arshad*, Sarwat Naz Mirza*, Imtiaz Ahmad Qamar** and Maqbool Shahbaz**
DETERMINATION OF FORAGE QUALITY OF INDIGENOUS AND EXOTIC RHODES GRASS ACCESSIONS UNDER RAINFED CONDITIONS
...y;"> Utilization of grasses as fodder and forage is the most important source of nutrition for cattle as it provides them with metabolizable energy, carbohydrates, proteins and other important minerals. As global warming is increasing, overall water scarcity is resulting in deterioration of natural resources, and it is need of the hour to find fodder crop resources which are more accustomed to change climatic conditions. Hence, different exotic and indige...
Mohammad Umar Farooq* , Sarfraz Ahmad ** , Mohammad Islam and Imtiaz Ahmad Qamar ***
ASSESSING THE STATUS OF CARBON POOL IN TWO RANGELAND GRASSES ( ) IN POTHWAR, REGION, PAKISTAN
...nducted in two rangeland grasses and in field area of Rangeland Research Institute (RRI), National Agricultural Research Centre, (NARC), Islamabad. Carbon is considered as the most important component of green house gases. Carbon sequestration during the photosynthesis process via plant biomass is the extent of this atmospheric gas. Data for above and below phytomass for two rangeland grasses was collected and carbon pool wa...
Zheng Quan Jiang1,2, Feng Shan Li3, Jiang Hong Ran1,*, Chen Hao Zhao1, Man Zhang1 and Hua Li4
.../i> natural island nest, grass mound nest, dirt mound nest and floating grass nest. The nest length, nest width, nest height and nest volume among the four types of nests all were significantly different in the order: floating grass nests >dirt mound nests >grass mound nests >natural island nests, indicating that nest size was related to nest ty...
Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1,2,*, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza2, Muhammad Afzal2,Hafiz Salah-ud-Din2, Imtiaz Sarwar2, Muhammad Yahya2 and Khurram Shehzad3
...pes viz. natural (grassland, forest/silviculture, barren) and agricultural (lemon, guava, lychee orchards, rice-wheat crop) lands on soil macroinvertebrate fauna. Random sampling was done in winter 2015 and summer 2016 using monoliths and pitfall traps. Results revealed that land-used types exert a differential impact on the diversity and population abundance of macrofaunal communities. Highest indices of macroinvertebrate diversity, richness and evenne...
Muhammad Khalid1,2 and Muhammad Naeem2*
Faxiang Wang, Yan Chen, Sai Chen, Xianghong Li, Jian Yu, Jianhui Wang and Yongle Liu*
...sition and properties of grass carp protein. The results show that muscle proteins of grass carp were degraded and underwent conformational changes when stored at 4 °C, and significant changes of the proteins content, as shown by the SDS-PAGE fingerprint, was observed after 6 days of storage. Protein’s surface hydrophobicity and total SH content increased during the first 4 days and then decreased gradually up to 1...
Tariq Mahmood1,*, Ijaz Ahmad1, Faraz Akrim1, Abdul Hamid1, Muhammad Waseem1, Abid Hussain1 and Muhammad Sajid Nadeem2
... of dry leaves of annual grass Poa annua, small twigs of bushes and downy feathers. The depth of nest ranged between 5-10 cm. Clutch size ranged from 8-20 eggs while the incubation period was found to be 22-24 days. Hatching success was up to 85% (range 75 to 85%) in different nests. The dense vegetation consisting of Dodonaea viscosa and Poa annua provided shelter, cover and abundant supply of insects to the chicks. The study concludes th...
Jair Millán-Orozco1,*, Jersson Millán-Orozco2 and Luz María Tejada-Ugarte3
... kg, stocked on a Taiwan grass (Pennisetum purpurem) pasture maintained at a sward surface height of 30 cm. Observations were conducted during daylight hours (06:00-18:00) from May to April of the next year for three consecutive days every month of the following year. The highest (P<0.05) grazing activity was observed during September (38.9±11.4 min/h), while in May (27.1±14.3 min/h) was the month with least activity (P<...
Shamsudin Bojang1, Idris Abd Ghani2, Jugah Kadir1, Adamu Saidu Paiko1, Yasir Iftikhar3 and Muhammad Kamran3,4,*
...i>infections on the turf grasses. Samples were collected based on the sparsely growth and chlorotic appearance of the greens. A total of 36 soils and roots sample were collected. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to identify the parasitic nematode. Both the field symptoms and SEM micrographs confirmed that the nematode isolate was M. graminis. Since this nematode has been known to damage the greens and other plants in other part of the world t...
Lichao Feng1,2, Shaoqing Zhang4, Dianyuan Chen2, Sina Adl3 and Donghui Wu1,4*
...ionum), or leaves of grasses (Poa annua, Echinochloa crusgalli), or maize leaves (Songyu 419, a hybrid variety) as food sources to feed the adult of A. fuscicollis. The larvae were reared on roots of the same grasses and germinated maize seedlings. Additionally, potato tuber the common food used to grew the beetles that was selected as a reference to demonstrate that blooming wildflowers through thei...
Laiba Shafique1,*, Muhammad Afzal2, Syed Zakir Hussain Shah3, Mahroze Fatima4, Huma Naz5, Saif ur Rehman1, Youchuan Wei1 and Qingyou Liu1,*
...le proximate analyses of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Four experimental diets viz. FD1, FD2, FD3 and FD4 having formic acid (%) and vitamin D3 (IU/Kg) 0, 0; 2, 0; 0, 5000 and 2, 5000, respectively were prepared. Fish were fed with experimental diets for 90 days. Growth performance of fish was observed on fortnightly basis throughout the trail. At the end of feeding trail, fish were dissected to obtain the samples of m...
Zelle Huma1*, Ahmad-Ur-Rahman Saljoqi1 and Farman Ali2
...s positively recorded in grassy land, tomato field, forest land and poplar trees land in six selected districts of Chitral, Kohat, Haripur, Mardan, Swat, and Peshawar of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Furthermore, the EPNs is positively investigated to maximum level in Chitral, Peshawar, Mardan, Haripur, Swat, and Kohat respectively. The EPNs positive sample indication is directed that the environment of these districts are appropriate for EPNs presence.
...
Aamir Saleem1, Arshad Mahmood Malik2*, Najam Ul Hassan1 and Imtiaz A. Qamar3
... growth and yield of Rye grass (Lolium multiflorium L). Data regarding the physical-chemical analysis of the soil (ph, electrical conductivity, total nitrogen, organic matter and available phosphorus), crop parameter (Number of tillers, number of leaves, plant height, fresh land dry weight and crude protein) and meteorological data regarding rain fall, temperature, pan evaporation, sunshine and wind speed for interpreting results along with their statistical a...
Mazhar Habib1, Aamir Saleem1, Arshad Mahmood Malik2*, Sarfraz Ahmed3 and Sameera Arshad4
...;">A study on Blue panic grass (Panicum antidotale Retz.) was conducted during early 2012-13. Stubbles of the grass were grown on a site at NARC, Islamabad, Pakistan. Four clipping stages i.e. D1, D2, D3 and D4 (clipped after 20, 40, 60 and 80 days, respectively) were studied. The response variables were morphological characters (plant height, tiller density and herbage yield) of Blue panic
Rana Manzoor Ahmad1,2, Abdul Majid Khan2*, Ayesha Iqbal2, Amtur Rafeh2, Muhammad Tahir Waseem2 and Muhammad Ameen2
...logical conditions, with grasslands expanding at the expense of forests and woodlands and the climate gradually becoming less warm and humid. The current enamel hypoplasia results indicate that warm and humid dense forests were the preferred habitats for extinct tragulids present during the middle Miocene in the Siwaliks.
...
Muhammad Yahya1, Muhammad Afzal1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Imtiaz Sarwar1, Khurram Shehzad2, Muhammad Luqman3 and
Sher Muhammad Shahzad2
... guava orchards, natural grassland, bare land and wetland peripheries) using population abundance and dynamics of edaphic springtails (collembola) and mites (acari) as bioindicators. Using metallic soil corer (10 cm length and 10 cm diameter), extensive random soil sampling was carried out from selected localities in district Sargodha (Punjab, Pakistan) and soil microarthropods (i.e. springtails and mites) were extracted from composite soil samples usin...
Asim Faraz*
...otica) among bushes, grasses and trees, respectively for male and female calves in EMS.
...
Mubashar Hussain1*, Misbah Younas1,Muhammad Faheem Malik1, Muhammad Umar1, Maimoona Kanwal1, Moazama Batool2
...ccomplished by surveying grassy fields, croplands, old dung piles and fresh dung pats from selected localesofSialkot during 2016. Specimens were collected by hand picking and cattle dung baited pitfall traps. Sixteen species representing three guilds i.e. Paracoprid (10 species), Endocoprid (4 species) and Telecoprid (02 species) were recorded. Onitis excavatus (27.68 %)and Onitis crassus (9.59 %)showed maximum relative abundance whereas Heloc...
Muhammad Rafay1,*, Ghafoor Ahmad1, Tahira Ruby2, Muhammad Abdullah3, Fahad Rasheed4, Muhammad Abid1, Sohail Akhtar5, Zulfiqar Ahmad6 and Riaz Hussain7
...d nests were made of dry grass and roots by a group of individuals of jungle babbler on Albizzia species having an average clutch size of 4 eggs. Average peripheral and core diameter, depth of nest was 13, 9 and 7 cm, respectively. Breeding completed in 36 days including incubation, nestling, post nestling and fledgling stages of 13, 5, 4, and 14 days, respectively. Overall predation during these stages was 57%. Adults consumed grains, insects, termites...
Muhammad Jamal Nasir*, Anwar Saeed Khan, Said Alam and Riyasat Sultan
...r management of forests, grasses and agriculture resources. According to field survey, availability of fodder (grasses) at the pastures, ban on cutting of grasses and grazing in the village, management of land at pastures, refuge from scorching heat of summer are the major causes of seasonal migration. There used to be a time when almost every household use to move to pasture before the on...
Muhammad Tahir Waseem1, Abdul Majid Khan1*, Saliha Khalid1, Rana Manzoor Ahmad1,2, Ayesha Iqbal1, Muhammad Ameen1
...enting grazing on coarse grasses and shrubs in the Late Miocene Siwalik habitats of Potwar Plateau. At the apex of molar, crown is narrow and represents selenodonty in Selenoportax, while a broader crown in Pachyportax which indicates strong hypsodonty. The present sample add valuable information on systematics, dental morphology and dietary habits of the Late Miocene (7-5 Ma) boselaphines which are represented today by their living kin Bosela...
Jam Nazeer Ahmad1,*, Samina J.N. Ahmad1,2,*, Mubashir Ahmad Malik1, Abid Ali1, Muhammad Ali3, Ejaz Ahmad1, Muhammad Tahir2 and Muhammad Ashraf2
...ly known as short horned grasshopper is one of the most dangerous agricultural pests worldwide. There are various important species of large swarms forming of desert locusts found in different regions of the world. In early 2020, in Pakistan, huge swarm of desert locust infestation was observed in different provinces of Pakistan. Precise and correct identification of any pest is very important to start a proper control strategy against it. The current study wa...
Zhi Yijin, Shao Mingqin* and Li Quanjiang
...niche (0.727), utilizing grasslands and farmland after crops were harvested, where it ate vegetation (roots) or seeds. Shorebirds have narrow habitat niches, and are limited largely to shallow water areas. Of species pairs, the pied avocet Recurvirostra avosetta and Eurasian spoonbill Platalea leucorodia have the highest habitat niche overlap, as their diet and foraging pattern are similar; these two species reduce competition by foraging in diff...
Muhammad Riaz Gondal1,2*, Aqib Riaz4, Sultan Ahmad Rizvi2, Bushra Zulfiqar2, Waqas Naseem2, Humara Umar3, Ahmad Hussain1 and Mazher Iqbal3
...cides to eradicate weedy grasses (S. brevifolius, D. aegyptium, C. dactylon, S. halepense, B.decufeedipedia.org. and P. hysterophorous) in multi-cut sorghum sudan grass hybrid (S.S. Hybrid). Four herbicides namely Clodinafop-propargayl (Clodinafop) @ 0. 25 and 0.375 kg ha-1, Paraquat and Glyphosate @ 1.5 and 2 L ha-1 and Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (Puma super) @ 1.0 and 1.5 L ha-1 were applied on Pak Sudac variety of S. S. Hybrid an...
Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Muhammad Shahzad Akbar1, Muhammad Afzal1, Muhammad Mustaqeem2, Muhammad Luqman3, Ijaz Asghar4 and Muhammada Asam Riaz1
...ogon citratus (lemon grass) were most effective against O. obesus termites with minimum LC50 (0.44 and 0.74%, respectively) and LT50 (10.91 and 16.89 h, respectively) values, followed by Allium sativum (garlic). While Syzygium aromaticum (clove-bud) and A. sativum oils exhibited maximum repellency (up to 75%) of the termite individuals, followed by C. aurantium. These findings corroborate the effecti...
Abdul Rauf Bhatti1*, Ahmed Zia1, Falak Naz2, Amjad Usman3, Rukhshanda Saleem4, Ghulam Sarwar5 and Amad Ud Din6
Muhammad Tahir Waseem1, Abdul Majid Khan1*, Abdul Ghaffar2, Ayesha Iqbal1 and Rana Manzoor Ahmad1,3
...a mosaic of woodland and grassland with predominant C3 vegetation which latter shifted to C3/C4 grasses. For this purpose, fifteen dental samples (Five for each Hipparion species) from well dated late Miocene localities between 8.8-7.7 Ma are analyzed. All the δ13C values (V-PDB) are in range of -11.27‰ to -3.36‰ which represent that these horses dominant...
Rahmat Ullah Khan, Asif Sadam and Sajid Mahmood*
...vegetation slopes and 3) grassy mountainous slopes near agricultural fields. The average monthly population density was 0.198±0.04/ha by line transect method. During the period June, July, September and October 2017, significantly (P<0.05) high population density was recorded as compared to the population density recorded during May, August, November and December 2017and January-April 2018 both in the morning and evening. Significantly (<...
Sheza Shehzadi1, Mohammad Umar Farooq2*, Rukhsana Kausar1, Ijaz Ali1*, Muhammad Arshad Ullah3 and Maqbool Shahbaz4
...g energy demands. Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) has turn out the promising nutritious forage to the livestock on the sustainable basis, feedstock for biofuel and also has proven to be environmental friendly. The purpose of this study is to assess the biomass production of mott grass and its capability to sequester Carbon from the environment in the barani areas of Pothwar region in Pakistan. The research study w...
Chen Tongde1, Fakher Abbas1, Jiao Juying1, Shahzada Sohail Ijaz2*, An Shoshan1, Muhammad Ansar3, Qaiser Hussain2, Mah-Noor Azad2 andAyaz Ahmad2
... erosion of woodland and grassland was relatively light with sheet erosion as the main type. Soil erosion mainly occurred in construction land. Gully erosion was caused by rainfall and runoff on excavated slopes, dump slopes, roadside slopes and brick factories. Due to overgrazing, gravity erosion and gully erosion also occurred in some natural hillsides. The range of soil erosion of the 15 investigation units was about 5.14~133.89 t ha-1 year-...
Mahwish Munawar1, Xu Shiwei1, Yu Wen1 and Muhammad Luqman2*
...consumption, even at the grass-root level. For upgrading the livelihood patterns and food security situation, a stable economy is an essential factor. Policymakers should modify food security plans according to the ever-changing needs of the population. The national poverty and food insecurity management departments of developing countries should be improved so that vulnerability to food security and food loss can be predicted more accurately....
Sadaf Aslam1*, Abdul Majid Khan1 and Muhammad Akhtar2
...ated to Potwar land when grasslands became established. It has typical suine characters with hypsodont dentition and complex infolding of enamel surfaces. The described material consists of isolated molars. This discovery will provide a new insight to understand the diversity and geographic distribution of Siwalik Suids.
...
Shafaq Fatima1,*, Farkhanda Manzoor1, Humaira Amman1, Zakia Kanwal1, Asma Latif1, Zeeshan Ali2, Hamid Iqbal Gondal2, Sumera Sajjad1 and Raja Shahnawaz Janjua3
...d fatty acids profile in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella); an important commercial carp in Asia. The present study investigated the effects of three different diets (A, 5% linseed flour; B, 5 % LO; C, 2.5 % linseed flour + 2.5% LO) on growth and fatty acids profile (C12:0– C22:6) in grass carp (age = 12 months). The trial continued for 31 days at ambient temperature. The control group w...
Shakeel Ahmad1, Muhammad Israr2*, Muhammad Amin3, Muhammad Sadiq Hashmi4, Nafees Ahmad5 and Rasheed Ahmad6
...rgreen forest, savannas, grasslands, permanent wetlands, croplands, natural vegetation, and barren land. The result indicated that grasslands (17.04–12.84%) and cropland (34.73–18.12%) decreased significantly due to over population pressure coupled by natural hazards, while savannas (40.63–49.25%), permanent wetlands (0.03–0.07%), and natural vegetation (3.13–14.96%), were increased significantl...
Aftab Raza Khan1, Azhar Abbas Khan2*, Javed Iqbal3, Arif Muhammad Khan4, Zeshan Hassan2, Hafiz Muhammad Aatif2 and Umbreen Shahzad2
... of arthropods including grasshoppers, crickets and locusts.
...
Hui Wang1,2, Yuchen Zhao1 and Xinpu Wang1,*
...roduction of the natural grasslands in China. The effects of grassland management on invertebrate diversity and its associated environmental factors were less reported in northern China. The relationship between the activity-density of carabid beetles and environmental factors was conducted under three different grassland management regimes (typical enclosure, enclosed mowing, and farmer g...
Mukhtar Iderawumi Abdulraheem1*, Muhammad Ihtisham2*, Abiodun Yusuff Moshood3, Nawab Khan4, Muhammad Owais Shahid5, Shafiq Hussain6, Kumail Abbas6 and Fawad Zaman7
...s i.e., no mulching, dry grasses mulching, and polythene mulching. The findings revealed that all of the okra plants tested were susceptible to virus infections regardless of treatment. Those who had a treatment combination of three weedings and polythene mulching, on the other hand, had the lowest incidence and severity of viral infection, while those who received no weeding and no mulching had the highest. At the 7th week after planting, the treatment combin...
Wei Luo 1,2,3, Yongtao Jin 1,2,3, Xuqing Li 1,2,3 and Ke Liu 1,2,3*
... provided by the General grassland station of Qinghai province, the difference percentage of Tibetan sheep, yak, and horse is 7.5%, 8.1%, and 18.7%, respectively.
... 
Mohammed Sirajul Islam1,2*, Nurhusien Yimer1*, Wahid Haron1 , Faez Firdaus Abdullah Jesse1, Mark Hiew Wen Han1, Mamat-Hamidi Kamalludin3, Wan-Nor Fitri1, Ubedullah Kaka4, Abdul Quddus1,5
...and quantity Guinea grasses and palm kernel cakes. Body weight was measured at monthly basis by using a digital animal weighing scale. Age at sexual maturity was determined by the time of semen ejaculation and quality. The results revealed significantly (p<0.05) greater body weight in KK × Brangus bulls (230.50±9.3 kg) as compared to the pure-bred KK bulls (204.5 ±13.2 kg) ...
Oce Astuti1, La Sara2*, Muzuni3 and Safilu4
...r mouth (station B), sea grass (station C), and water depth of > 30 m (station D) using collapsible crab pots and gillnets were recorded, identified its species, sexed, counted its number, and analyzed its spatial and temporal CC and SR. The Chi-square test (α = 0.05) was used to test significant differences of expected 1: 1 SR. It was 12 DC species had been identified which BSCs were found at the entire stations and all years round. It had high CC at...
Damat Damat1*, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi2, Juris Burlakovs3, Zane Vincēviča-Gaile4,
Devi Dwi Siskawardani1, Rista Anggriani1 and Anas Tain5
...nger, turmeric, and lemongrass) were applied, and a Randomized Block Design with three replications was used. Subsequently, observation variables included analysis of water content, ash, carbohydrate, protein, fat, antioxidant activity, fiber content, water absorption index, color intensity, and sensory evaluation. The data were analyzed by ANOVA and continued according to Duncan’s multiple range test. The results showed that all formulas of analog rice ...
Lungile Gumede1,2, Thobela L. Tyasi1, Teedzai Chitura1*, Khanyisile R. Mbatha3
Maid Zaman1*, Imtiaz Ali Khan1, Amjad Usman1 and Ahmad-Ur-Rahman Saljoqi2
...ost attacked followed by grasses and acacia while in district Swabi most attacks were noted on maize, Pinus and wood. In habitat study, almost similar number of percent attack for forest in Haripur (46.15%) and Buner (47.92%) was noted with lower number of attacks in Swabi (34.21%). In structural study, 35.42%; 34.21% and 30.77% of structures were attacked in Buner, Swabi and Haripur respectively. It is pertinent to mention that agriculture fields in district ...
Ilvir Khabibullin1*, Ruzel Khabibullin1, Irina Mironova1, Lyalya Musina2, Elmira Akhmadullina1, Victoria Morozova1
... hamsters consuming lemongrass tincture showed the maximum efficiency, exceeding the control by 21.3 minutes (P≤0.001), animals receiving drone brood overran by 0.5 minutes (Р≤0.01). Heart muscle of animals fed with pantocrine and lemongrass seed tincture at physical load had fewer dystrophic changes in muscle cells. The wall structure of most vessels did not have obvious pathological changes. Consequently, greater ph...
Santosh Kumar1*, Riffat Sultana2* and Martin Husemann3
.... We found 25 species of grasshoppers, crickets and tree crickets. Caelifera were more diverse than Ensifera with 16 and 9 species, respectively. This work is provided an extended list of Orthopterans registered from Cholistan desert for the first time. ...
Md. Serajul Islam1,2, Hongxin Wang1,2,*, Amer Ali Mahdi1, Mohamed Ismael Ahamed2, Zaixiang Lou1 and Fu An Wei3
...ell, bone, and skin from grass turtle (Chinemys reevesii) by direct QUENCHER procedure. The results showed that the highest ABTS capacity was found in cooked muscle at 10 min (110.133± 4.153 g trolox Eq./kg). On the other hand, DPPH and FRAP capacity were found in cooked muscle at 20 min which were 68.966±0.937 and 37.437±1.027 g trolox Eq./kg, respectively, and raw liver 31.508±1.091 and 58.237±0.919 g trolox Eq./kg, respect...
I Gusti Lanang Oka Cakra1*, Anak Agung Ngurah Badung Sarmuda Dinata2, I Gede Mahardika1, I Gusti Nyoman Gde Bidura1
... as follows: A: elephant grass + concentrate A (without HLF); B: treatment A + concentrate B (with 5% HLF); C: treatment A + concentrate C (with 10% HLF); and treatment D: Treatment A+ concentrate D (with 15% HLF). The protein balance, blood metabolic profile, body composition, and nutrient deposition were measured. The results showed that the goats that were treated D had the highest protein retention up to 9.89 g/head/day, but it was not significantly differ...
Mimi Syazwani Jaapar1, Eric Lim Teik Chung1,2*, Nazri Nayan1, Mamat Hamidi Kamalludin1,2, Mookiah Saminathan3, Kalai Vaani Muniandy2, Muhammad Hazziq Mohd Hamdan1, Shokri Jusoh1, Faez Firdaus Abdullah Jesse2,4
... the utilization of this grass is limited due to the presence of steroidal saponins. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to determine the effects of different levels of B. decumbens diets on the in vitro gas production and ruminal fermentation characteristics. Graded levels of B. decumbens were mixed with P. purpureum, where 10% was identified as the low-level B. decumbens diet (T2) and, 60% was identified as the high-level B. decumbens diet (T3) b...
Muhammad Rizwan, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza*, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed and Muhammad Arshad
...thaceae) and Indian lemongrass Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf (Poaceae) were tested against 3rd instar nymphs of mealybug. Results showed that mean mortality was higher (76.67%) after the application of A. indica extract, followed by E. camaldulensis (66.67%) at 72 h post-exposure. The least effective botanicals were C. citratus and C. album showing 26.67 and 20.0% mean mortality of mealybug, respectively. The mortality rate was increased by increasing the co...
Shakeel Ahmad1, Muhammad Israr2*, Rasheed Ahmed3, Anam Ashraf1, Muhammad Amin4 and Nafees Ahmad5
...shrublands (0.33-0.17%), grasslands (45.83-41.74), and cropland (12.71-10.47) were decreased significantly. At the same time, savannas, permanent wetlands, urban and built-up lands, natural vegetation, permanent snow and ice, and barren lands increased substantially over the entire period. Due to the lack of baseline data, the LULC map will play an essential role in the sustainable management of LULC in the Hindu Kush, Karakoram and Himalayan regions of Pakist...
Rani Winardi Wulan Sari1, Novirman Jamarun2*, Suyitman3, Khasrad4, Elihasridas2, James Hellyward5, Gusri Yanti1
...ra apiculata) and native grass based on phytochemical contents, nutrient and cells fiber digestibility, rumen fluid characteristic, and gas production using an in vitro methodology. Samples of Hay Mangrove Leaves (HML) (Rhizophora apiculaca) and Native Grass (NG) were arranged into dietary tretmeants (Dry Matter (DM) Basic). The experimental design used is a randomized block design consisting of 4 treatments with 5 replicati...
Sherif Abdelghany1, Hossam Mahrous Ebeid2*, Ahmed Abdelkader Aboamer2, Mohamed Ali Radwan1, Rania Agamy1
...o districts, where water grass (Echinochloa crus-galli) was the major fodder in both districts, followed by corn fodder and clover. The feed intake of concentrate and green fodder for fed buffaloes and cows was higher (P < 0.05) in Nile Valley district. A significant difference (P < 0.05) observed in daily milk and fat-corrected milk (FCM) yields between both districts. Cattle in all areas under this study showed a lower Fat : protein ratio than the opti...
Khalid Farooq, Muhammad Tahir and Nazir Ahmad Khan*
...ping maize silage and ryegrass forage blend based fattening rations. Five diets containing maize silage and ryegrass in the ratios of 30:70; 40:60; 50:50; 60:40 and 70:30 on dry matter (DM) basis in the forage mixture were evaluated in comparison with a control/traditional diet. A total of 18 calves were allocated to the six experimental diets according to a randomized complete block designed and the dietary groups were bala...
Ghazala Nasreen1, Ali Hussain2, Komal Tayyab1, Muhammad Rashid3 and Sumaira Aslam1*
...ve optimum growth of the grass carp....
I. K.A. Ibrahim1, Z.A. Handoo2† and A. B. A. Basyony1
...H. leuceilyma on Bermuda grass, H. lespedezae on lentil, H. goldeni on
qasabagrass, H. schachtii on cabbage and sugar beet, H. zeae on corn and wheat and Globodera rostochiensis on
potato. The cyst nematodes H. leuceilyma and G. rostochiensis are new records of the country and H. lespedezae on
lentil is a new host plant record in Egypt.
... 
