Ali Muhammad*, Muhammad Ayub
...aste of lye solution and got salted taste during four week of treatment process. The residual water of treated olive fruits were changed on weekly basis and their residual water were analyzed physicochemically. Result showed that data is significantly different from each other at alpha (α) level ≤ 0.05. Physicochemical analysis showed that decrease was observed in ascorbic acid (15.18 to 7.21), pH (4.56 to 3.9) and TSS (5 to 2...
Robina Karim and Dawood Jan
...uggests Pakistan exports got smoothened after WTO’s implementation in the world arena, perhaps due to less restrictions on trade after WTO’s arrival, relative to pre-WTO period. Compared to exports, Pakistan imports’ coefficient of variation does not show significant declines; rather it appears largely static, suggesting Pakistan imports trade could not be benefited much by reductions in trade restrictions associated with the implementation o...
Akbar Ali1,*, Khalil Mohamed2 and Fawzia Toulah3
...higher in women who ever got pregnant as compared to those who were never pregnant (13% vs 5%). The percentage was also higher in women with direct contact to soil (14% vs 5%). Only one sample was PCR positive. The results show that overall prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in young women of Rafha city is low as compared to other regions of Saudi Arabia.
... 
1Parvin Noor and 2Md. Nashir Uddin
Morphological changes of different castes of the subterranean termites (Odontotermes proformosanus) in fungus combs of termitophiles
... nature and have exopterygote post-metamorphic development. During the period of study, eggs and nymphs were collected in different seasons from the fungus combs of termite mounds. Eggs of O. proformosanus were found profusely in fungus comb in the months of March, May, September and October of 2006 to 2008 Average lengths and standard deviation (mean±SD) of the eggs were (0.66 ± 0.09), width (0.04 ± 0.07) mm and egg shape ratio is 0.53. E...
Goutam Samui and Shantanu Jha
Branch gall of mango (Oligotrophus mangiferae Keiffer) its bioecology and management
...fy;">The branch gall, Oligotrophus mangiferae Keiffer has recently appeared in serious proportion in the major mango growing districts of West Bengal, India. The present study had been taken up regarding the biology, population dynamics and management of this pest. Branch gall is a univoltine species. Emergence of adults from gall could be found from 2nd week of February, which continued up to 2nd week of March. Incubation, larval and pupal period lasted for 3...
1Sitesh Chatterjee, 1Chirasree Gangopadhyay and 2Santosh Kumar Roy
...tudy found that whorl maggot can be managed properly in seedbed application with chlorantraniliprole granule 0.4% WW/SR in seven days prior to seedling uprooting along with spraying of indoxacarb 14.5 SC /chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC /flubendiamide 48% SC in the main-field. The leaf folder was also managed properly by application of chlorantraniliprole granule in seedbed along with spraying of chlorantraniliprole/spinosad in the main-field. The incidence of de...
Relationship of PIT-1 Gene Polymorphism with Breeding Parameters and Body Weights of Cows and Calves
Jarosław Pytlewski1, Ireneusz Antkowiak1 and Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska2,*
...G = 0.7954. AA homozygotes had the highest age at first insemination and the lowest insemination index. Cows with this genotype after calving and calves (both gender) from AA homozygotes had the biggest weight after calving. In contrast GG homozygotes had the longest intercalving period. The results prove the existence of dependencies between genu PIT-1 gene polymorphism in locu...
Muhammad Iqbal Anjum*, Shahbaz Javaid and Mukhtar Ahmad Nadeem
...ly. The chicks fed R-III got 16.00 and 8.00% higher weight gain compared to chicks fed R-II and R-I, respectively. Feed: gain ratio (gm/gm) was found best (P<0.05) in chicks fed R-III (1.61) and poorer in chicks on R-II (1.89). The concentration of Ca and P were 10.60, 9.47 and 11.43 mg/dL and 5.76, 4.91 and 7.11 mg/dL in blood serum and 32.61, 31.36 and 32.83% and 16.57, 15.92 and 16.60% in tibia bone of chicks fed rations I, II and III, respectively. The ...
Mohammad Siddique Munawar, Shazia Raja, Elizabeth Stephen Waghchoure* and Muhammad Barkat**
...5) and moribund colonies got recovered with increased bee population while the control colonies collapsed. It is therefore concluded that shook swarm method should be incorporated for prevention as well as curing of AFB....
Umair Riaz*1, Zafar Abbas1, Qamar uz Zaman2, Muhammad Mubashir1, Mahwish Jabeen2, Syed Ali Zulqadar1, Zeenat Javeed1, Saeed-ur-Rehman1, Muhammad Ashraf1 and Muhammad Javid Qamar1
Nazir Ahmad*, Sultan Ayaz*, Sumaira Shams**, Karimullah*** and Riaz Ahmad****
PREVALENCE AND MORPHOLOGY OF HELMINTH PARASITES OF FISH FROM RIVER SWAT, KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA
...rio 17.85% (05/28), Gara gotyla 0% (0/09), Rita rita 0% (0/25) and Oncorhynchus mykiss were 0% ( 0/19). The intensity of the parasite varied from 1% to 9.2%. Among them high intensity was noted in Rhabdochona schizothoracis (9.2%) and Schizothorax labiatus....
Mazher Abbas*, Irfan Mehmood*, Arshed Bashir*, Muhammad Ather Mehmood* and Sonila Hassan*
WOMEN COTTON PICKERS PERCEPTIONS ABOUT HEALTH HAZARDS DUE TO PESTICIDE USE IN IRRIGATED PUNJAB
....70%) reported that they got wages in time. Only few respondents (8.70%) were aware of health hazards due to pesticides and only 10% women wear protective clothes during cotton picking. Majority of the respondents (76%) wash their clothes after cotton picking whereas almost all the respondents wash their hand after cotton picking. The women cotton pickers faced health problem, tiredness (54.5%), mental disturbance (9.90%) and fatigue (8.00%). More than 58% wom...
Jesse M. Smith
...s a part of the way it negotiates relationships within its organization and to the public, and is important to its success in contemporary American society. This case study will be useful to future research in drawing connections between the discursive response of American conservative Christianity broadly, and modern secular forces. I also argue sociologists of religion should investigate more directly religious leaders’ rhetoric to better understand th...
Najeeb Ullah1, Abdul Aziz Khakwani1, Niamat Ullah Khan2*, Muhammad Safdar Baloch1 and Ejaz Ahmad Khan1
Jia-kui Li1,2,*, Kun Li2, Zhao-qing Han2, Hui Zhang2, Xiao-qiang Wang2, Hou-qiang Luo2, Yan-fang Lan2 and Gang Qiu1,2
...um samples were randomly got during 2012 to 2014. BVDV was found highly prevalent among the adult yaks (51.1%; 95% CI: 46.5-55.6) and calves (60.5%; 95% CI: 43.4-76.0), respectively. The prevalence of BVDV infection in 2012 to 2014 was 45.3% (95% CI: 38.6%-52.1%); 56.0% (95% CI: 49.7-62.2) and 60.5% (95% CI: 43.4-76.0), respectively with a significant difference in the three years (P<0.05). The current result reveal a growing prevalence of BVDV infection in...
Zihong Chen1, Ling Xu2, Xiaona Yang2, Yaguan Zhang3* and Yuming Yang4
...> and Metarhizium indigoticum, but conclusively separated from these allied species with high support value. Morphological character differentiated M. baoshanense from its relatives on that its conidial size was obviously smaller than M. majus and M. indigoticum, a little shorter than M. guizhouense and thicker than M. lepidiotae. Still the new species was characterized by that its c...
Abdul Basit1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1,4*, Sohail Ahmed2, Gohar Ali2 and Muhammad Javaid3
...ies/net-sweep and 3-4 maggots/fruit) and fruit infestation (17%) as compared to other color sheets. Minimum fruit fly infestation (6%) and higher marketable yield (855g/bed) was recorded for reduced-risk insecticide spinosad, followed by blue colored refractive sheets. However, there was no significant effect of installation angles on any of the parameters measured. Moreover, maximum and minimum CBR were found for spinosad formulation (1:4.9) and yellow color ...
Shoukat Ara1, Sheikh Adil2,*and Manzoor Ahmad Khan3
Tariq Aziz1, Iftikhar Hussain Khalil1, Quaid Hussain1,3*, Tariq Shah2,3, Nazir Ahmad1 and Amir Sohail1
... F3 populations of wheat got from mating of six advanced lines and two widely cultivated cultivars (Pirsabak-08 and Janbaz) at University of Agriculture, Peshawar during 2013-14. All wheat genotypes (8 parents and 12 F3 populations) showed significant differences for all traits. Cultivar Janbaz had maximum spike length (13.9 cm) and maximum number of grains spike-1 (89.2). Parental line B-IV(N)5 had maximum single spike weight (4.6 g), 100-grain weight (4.6 g)...
Xiaojie Ding, Xiling Sun, Zuien Wang, Qiusheng Zheng, Xiaofei Yu, Wenjin Hao, Kejun Wang, Wenjuan Xu and Zhengping Dong*
...sue TLR4/9 and NF-kB. We got the following results: (1) The rat IBS-D model was successfully prepared; (2) Wumei Pill could reduce the contents of serum TNF-α, IL-6 and LPS in rats(P<0.05), and alleviate the inflammatory reaction and accumulation of bacterial endotoxins; (3) Wumei Pill could reduce the transcriptional level of TLR4/9mRNA, to decrease TLR4/9 protein synthesis and expression. So we concluded that Wumei Pill probably reduce the release o...
Sajad Ali1*, Syed Asghar Ali Shah2, Jaffar Ali3, Muhammad Nadeem Iqbal4, Arshadullah Jadoon5 and Farmanullah6
... output. The farmers can got maximum share that is 68 percent of the user’s rupee tracked by the traders. The results showed that the seller got up to 23 percent having an average of about 18 percent of the buyer’s rupee in the entire spell, and as well as the dealers can get a minimum share. The farmer can get 100 percent while the seller can get only 17.5 percent share in the marketing of peas production, compa...
Tahir Abbas*1, Khawaja Raees Ahmad2, Asmatullah3, Khalid Pervaiz Lone4, Muhammad Ali Kanwal2, Sadia Suleman2
Reno-hepatic protective effects of Jambul against chromium induced anomalies in mice
Akshay Sharma*, Mohit Mahajan, Madhumeet Singh and Pravesh Kumar
...orionic diamniotic monozygotic twins were confirmed on the basis of different amniotic sacs and corpus luteum on one ovary. Color Doppler study was done to assess the vascularity and functional activity of corpus luteum present on the left ovary. Ultrasonography was employed at weekly interval to judge the viability of embryo (up to 42 days), fetus (after 42 days) and late embryonic mortality, if any. Sexing of the twins was done on 56th and 70th day post arti...
Ali Bakhsh1*, Mashal Rehman1, Said Salman1 and Rehmat Ullah2
Muhammad Waqas Imam Malik1, Khalid Usman1*, Tahir Amin1, Muhammad Riaz2, Zafar Iqbal3 and Fiaz Hussain1
Christine Jeske
...is subject to constant negotiation. Attaining well-being depends not merely on having a certain bundle of resources, connections, or circumstances, but on gaining a tenuous moral approbation. Well-being, then, is actually produced or reduced in sites where people publically negotiate the morality of their life choices. In this article, I examine one such setting of negotiation: church test...
Xu Lijie, Obaid Ullah, Liu Haixing, Ihsan Ali, Zhongshu Li* and Nan-Zhu Fang*
...during the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT), we used an embryo model of oxidative damage by H2O2. We found that H2O2 exposure significantly decreased embryo development, increased the intracellular ROS level, and upregulated the expression levels of the NADPH oxidase genes NOX2, DUOX1, and NOXA1. By contrast, embryo treatment with pioglitazone after H2O2 exposure promote embryo development, ...
Wang Zaigui1,*, Guo Panpan1, Ye Miao1, Sun Linghong1, Zhang Hongfu2 and Liu Chaoliang1,*
...f silkworm, Bombyx L, we got the following results: (1) In the larval duration of 3rd instar silkworm, average weight gain (AWG) and feed conversion ratio (RFC) were not significantly affected with the use of B. subtilis, but the remaining amount of mulberry leaves (RAML) was significantly decreased contrasting to the blank group (P<0.05). (2) In the larval duration of 4th instar silkworm, adding B. subtilis t...
Mohsen M. El-Sherbiny1,2,*, Reny P. Devassy1, Erinn M. Muller3, Abdulmohsin A. Al-Sofyani1 and Ali M. Al-Aidaroos1
...ution highlighted the oligotrophic nature of the region. Nitrate showed a notable increase in the deeper layers of almost all the stations and towards the south. Chlorophyll a was low throughout (0.05-0.27 mg m-3) though a small peak was observed at a depth of 70m. Diatoms dominated the phytoplankton community in terms of both density and diversity followed by dinoflagellates. A total of 138 phytoplankton species (80 diatoms and 57 dinoflagel...
Asima Azam1, Asma-Ul-Husna2, Saima Qadeer3, Qaisar Shahzad4, Rabea Ejaz1, Nemat Ullah5, Tasneem Akhtar4 and Shamim Akhter2,*
... 20 h, the presumptive zygotes were randomly distributed into 6 culture groups; Group I: Synthetic Oviductal Fluid (SOF) medium alone, Group II: SOF + co-culture, Group III: Conditioned SOF, Group IV: M199 alone, Group V: M199 + co-culture and Group VI: Conditioned M199 for in vitro culture (IVC). The percentage of embryos capable of crossing 8-16 cell block and reaching morula stage were higher (P < 0.05) in Group II and Group III compared to other ...
Sanaullah and Urooba Pervaiz*
...6 sample respondents who got training from Bajaur Area Development Program (BADP) using a well-structured interview schedule; through personal interview method. Result showed that 63.9% of the respondents were illiterate, 31.3% respondents were in age group between 25-35 years. Yield, income, plant spacing, seed rate, irrigation interval, and use of pesticide before and after training were computed with the help of paired sample t-test. Results revealed that i...
Shanshan Cai1, Tianxiang Gao2, Binlun Yan3, Aiyi Zhu1 and Xiumei Zhang1,2,*
...ertain degree of heterozygote deficiency of natural swimming crab populations. The advancing technology and its unique advantages will make molecular markers as novel and highly-efficient approaches for assessment of stock enhancement.
...
Qaisar Jamal*, Akram Shah, Syed Basit Rasheed and Muhammad Adnan
...rphotypes of the promastigotes were noted. Acquisition and propagation of axenic amastigotes was assessed. During promastigote culture, log, mid-log, and late-log phases were observed respectively on day 4, 5 and 6. The stationary phase was observed on day 7. The day following inoculation, most of the promastigotes were nectomonads having long and slende...
Ibrahim Tapki1*, Huseyin Bahadir Ozalpaydin2, Nuran Tapki3, Mehmet Aslan4 and Muhammet Hanifi Selvi1
...erimental period. Calves got weaned following the consumption of daily 900 g of concentrate feed over three consecutive days. Results demonstrated that OreganoLow calves marked improved growth performance, earlier weaning age and lower farm costs (P < 0.05) compared to Control and OreganoHigh calves. To conclude, dietary oregano essential oil seems to be a potential liquid feed additive that improves feed efficiency, health status, growth performance, and t...
Kalpana Polisetty1* and Kiran Kumar Paidipati2
... trend of Madhya Pradesh got highest Sen’s slope estimator (i.e. 1541.999/year) in the second segmentation period. At present, the production of wheat is highly improved in Madhya Pradesh compared to other states from 2008. However, the production of wheat has been decreased in Uttar Pradesh compared to previous years but it holds the leading position in wheat production still in the country. ...
Mubashir Mehdi1*, Muhammad Bilal Ahsan1, Burhan Ahmad1, Khuram Nawaz Sadozai2, Gulnaaz Hameed3 and Muhammad Asif4
...hains particularly mango got high prominence in the agriculture production system of Pakistan. Market incentives, vertical relationship management and increasing pressure for certified and standardized products has pushed mango farms in Pakistan to acquire certifications like Global GAP. Workers’ working conditions and their basic rights can influence on sustainability of mango value chain system in Pakistan particularly under the guidelines of LO decent...
Pravin Mishra1, Md. Muket Mahmud2, Md. Ahosanul Haque Shahid2, Alamgir Hasan2, Vivek Kumar Yadav3 and Moinul Hasan1*
...biotic resistance. As maggot helps in the reduction of bacteria, this can be used as medical therapy in the case of a different wound. ...
Mahmood Alam Khan1, Muhammad Yaseen1, Mujahid Khan*2, Amjad Khan1
TEMPORAL VARIATION IN GROUND WATER QUALITY DUE TO URBANIZATION. CASE STUDY: DISTRICT PESHAWAR, PAKISTAN
... an increase while other got
decreased. Results also showed that electrical conductivity (EC), Cl-, SO4-2, NO3-1 were increased by 119.11%,
29.98%, 469.60%, and 59.47% respectively, while total dissolved solids (TDS), turbidity, total alkalinity, total hardness,
calcium (Ca++), HCO3-1 and Magnesium (Mg++) were decreased by 6%, 10.51%, 37.39% and 11.52%, 22.21%,
37.56% and 21.19% respectively. Results revealed that changes in water q...
decreased. Results also showed that electrical conductivity (EC), Cl-, SO4-2, NO3-1 were increased by 119.11%,
29.98%, 469.60%, and 59.47% respectively, while total dissolved solids (TDS), turbidity, total alkalinity, total hardness,
calcium (Ca++), HCO3-1 and Magnesium (Mg++) were decreased by 6%, 10.51%, 37.39% and 11.52%, 22.21%,
37.56% and 21.19% respectively. Results revealed that changes in water q...
Zubair Ahmad1, 2, 4, Hamed A. Ghramh1, 2, 3,Khalid Ali Khan1, 2, 3*, Farhat Khan4 and Shujauddin5
...esantesi. The aphids got 31% and 26.3% parasitism when attended by C. compressus and C. subnuda Mayr., respectively. Further in the presence of these two dominant species the other ants viz., Paratrechina longicornis (Latr) and Tapinoma melanocephalum (F.) are unable to make contact with the aphids and even chased away on their mere appearance in the vicinity of aphid colony. The vague stimuli via the host in C. subnuda M...
Mehnaz Safdar and Urooba Pervaiz*
Constraints in Accessing Agricultural Extension Services by Rural Women: Evidence from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
...zations. Those women who got trainings were more updated than those who did not attend or had no access to trainings. Chi-square analysis revealed that age had significant association with involvement in decision making. It means that by increasing age of the respondents, the tendency towards involvement in decision-making increases. Literacy had non-significant association with decision making and training attended. Similarly, various barriers were identified...
Muhammad Yaseen1*, Muhammad Luqman1*, Zahoor Hussain2, Usman Saleem3, Asif Nawaz1, Tahir Munir Butt4 and Muhammad Umer Mehmood1
Assessment of Knowledge Level and Information Sources of Vegetable Growers regarding Tunnel Farming in District Sargodha
...ion, and sowing of seeds got a quite satisfactory response. Replantation of nursery and distance between plants and rows of plants were also answered quite satisfactorily. Farmers do not know how to overcome the increasing attack of insects, pests, and diseases in tunnel farming. Some areas were identified, which require the attention of responsible authorities for the relevant knowledge....
Ghulam Sarwar1, Amna Nazir1*, Muhammad Rizwan1, Eram Shahzadi2 and Abid Mahmood3
Yuanyuan Zhang1*, Liping Song1, Hui Guo2, Jun Wu1, Xiaoli Wang1 and Fangbin Yao1
Rukhsar Ali* and Ali Muhammad
... pulp with ratio (60:40) got the highest mean score of judges for overall acceptability which used for further study. The different treatments were included in this study as MLBPr0 was control with no preservatives, MLBPr1 having 0.1% PS, MLBPr2 having 0.1% KMS, MLBPr3 having 0.1% SB, MLBPr4 having 0.05% PS and 0.05% KMS), MLBPr5 having 0.05% PS and 0.05% SB), MLBPr6 has 0.05% KMS and...
Mohammad Tariq Aziz* and Ayesha Khan
... the respondents (54.8%) got awareness from extension agents, 19.5% by themselves, 17.4% by fellow farmers and 4% through private companies. Major problems encountered in receiving information were weak radio and TV signals, poor internet facility, less contact with extension workers and load shedding of electricity. Farmers considered that information obtained through ICTs are moderately sufficient and effective. Significant association existed of age and edu...
Arslan Mahmood Ahmad1, Muhammad Ameen Jamal1, Abdul Sattar1, Aamir Ghafoor2, Aqeel Javeed3 and Amjad Riaz1*
...le="font-size: small;">Zygote, the first step in the life establishment, is sensitive to environmental impact. Any detrimental effect to this unit may lead to major abnormalities in future development. Artificial activation of oocyte is a one of key step in cloning. Strontium chloride (SrCl2), a calcium oscillation inducing salt, is commonly used for the artificial activation mouse oocytes; however, limited reports are available to evaluate its nega...
Syed Shahid Imran Bukhari1*, Nusrat Jahan2, Muhammad Khalil Ahmed Khan3, Mariam Zaheer1, Sabir Javed1
Jarosław Pytlewski1, Ireneusz R. Antkowiak1 and Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska2*
...polymorphic sites, homozygotes (-,-) were found least frequently. The results showed relationship between polymorphism in loci IVS5+438G> A and c.1178G>A, and rearing traits. The analysis confirmed significant statistical differences (P ≤ 0.05) between homozygotes (+,+) and heterozygotes (+,-) for the following trait...
Samaria Nisar1, Tariq Manzoor Khan1, Muhammad Ahsan Iqbal1, Rahmat Ullah2, Muhammad Asim Bhutta3*, Saghir Ahmad3, Amna Bibi3, Hafeez ur Rehman4, Umar Farooq4 and Muhammad Zubair Ishaq5
Muhammad Rizwan1*, Jehanzeb Farooq1, Amjad Farooq1, Muhammad Farooq1,2, Ghulam Sarwar1, Muhammad Nadeem1, Muhammad Riaz4, Muhammad Rafique Shahid3, Hafiz Ghazanfar Abbas1 and Muhammad Kashif Shahzad Sarwar1
Esraa Yosry Abdel Halim1, Hamdy El-Essawy1, Abeer Abdel Nasser Awad1, Mona S. El-Kutry2, Lamiaa Ibrahim Ahmed1*
...abneh and cheddar cheese got excellent and good scores, while 90 % of milk powder samples got good scores, based on the overall acceptability scale. The mean titratable acidity percentages of milk powder, labneh and cheddar cheese samples were 0.169 ± 0.018, 0.935 ± 0.046 and 0.197 ± 0.013, respectively. Microbiological examinations revealed that all the examined samples were highly contaminated with aer...
Hafeez-ur-Rehman1*, Umar Farooq1, Muhammad Asim Bhutta2, Saghir Ahmad2, Muhammad Akram2, Muhammad Rafiq Shahid2, Hammad Hussnain2, Muhammad Shahid2, Muhammad Mehmood Iqbal2, Ali Raza2 and Muhammad Iqbal2
Md. Taimur Islam1*, Mirza Mienur Meher2, Anas Bin Harun3 and Md. Golam Haider1
...is (IB), infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT), Avian Metapneumovirus (AMPV), infectious coryza, fowl cholera and aspergillosis are the most prevalent respiratory diseases in Bangladesh. These diseases are most prevalent in layer, broiler, sonali and backyard chicken. AI outbreak is observed every year since its first report in 2007 in Bangladesh. This virus has mutated several times and thereby changed its genetic clades. The prevalence of ND is highest in Octob...
Genevieve R. Tabon1,2, Noraine P. Medina2, Mary Rose D. Uy-De Guia3, Claro N. Mingala2,3*
... present in PNP is homozygote AA. The average litter size of the 30 PNP is 7.07 which is relatively higher than the average litter sizes of Nepal native pigs which ranges from 2 to 6. Moreover, the average litter size of the Philippine breed is also higher than the 5.0 average litter size of Tibetan pig breed which is one of the common breeds of pigs for commercial pig production.
Keywords | Genotype, Sus philippensis, ESR1 gene,...
Abd El-Nasser Ahmed Mohammed*, Aiman Al Mufarji and Sultan Alawaid
...The changes enable the zygotes to overcome maternal zygotic transition stage and follow their developmental competence to fetus. The changes were affected by in vivo and in vitro molecules and factors of the organisms and the surrounding conditions, respectively. Because of the importance of follicular changes during growth and development stages, which reflected in the developmental competence of oocytes, an attempt was mad...
Ejaz Ul Haq, Urooba Pervaiz*, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan and Ayesha Khan
...ology, only 6.7% farmers got training regarding tunnel farming, 70% respondents reported that extension worker visited their field once a year. The study concluded that though extension worker visited farmers’ field but the frequency was very low and very limited trainings were given to the farmers regarding tunnel farming in the study area. Results of paired sample t- test showed that cost of tomato and bitter-gourd in tunnel is higher as compared to cu...
Abdul Kabir1, Muhammad Rasheed2, Hubdar Ali Kaleri5, Depeesh Kumar Bhuptani3, Mithan Kumar4, Raza Ali Mangi6, Abdul Wahid Solangi4, Sheva Dari1, Saqib Kakar4, Panah Munir4, Ekra Akbar4 and Rameez Raja Kaleri4,5*
...rent types of industries got suffered and including livestock and poultry farming at high range. In the December of 2019, outbreak of corona virus started in China. The most common symptoms of this viral infection was observed and reported by the International Committee on the Taxonomy of Viruses SARS Cov 2. Main signs and symptoms of infections has been observed, tiredness, shortness in respiration, pain in chest area, dry cough, fever with difficulty in brea...
Khunsa Khakwani1*, Muhammad Asif1, Zaheer Ahmed2, Ghulam Sarwar1, Yasmeen Abbassi2 and Ghulam Murtaza2
Farrukh Shehzad1, Muhammad Islam1,2*, Muhammad Omar3, Syed Ijaz Hussain Shah4, Rizwan Ahmed5 and Naeem Sohail6
...om D1 to D4. The results got best when it used D4 for random forest regression with the K Fold-6....
Maskur1*, Muhammad Muhsinin1, Sulaiman Ngongu Depamede2
...erka goats, namely homozygote wild type ++ and heterozygote mutant carrier G+ with a litter size of 1.56 and 1.65 (Kacang); 1.61 and 1.75 (Boerka), respectively. Meanwhile, FecB mutations produce three genotypes: homozygote wild type ++, heterozygote mutant carrier B+ and homozygote mutant BB with a litter size of 1.00...
M. Bajestani1†, E. Moghadam2 and K. Dolatabadi3
...ylenchus neglectus and Zygotylenchus guevarai. Among these species M.
communicus and M. pistaciei are new records for nematode fauna of Iran.
...
K. Nasira, S. Shamim and F. Shahina†
M. Shahi-Bajestani† and E. Mahdikhani-Moghadam
... Boleodorus thylactus, Zygotylenchus guevarai, Pratylenchus thornei, P.
neglectus, Irantylenchus clavidorus, Neopsilenchus magnidens, Neopsilenchus paragracilis, Nothotylenchus
ferepolitor, Filenchus pratensis. Among these species Neopsilenchus paragracilis and Nothotylenchus ferepolitor
are new records in Iran.
...
Aiman Amur1*, Nasreen Memon1, Khalida Unar2 and Roshan Jamali3
...ally examination we have got results 98.6% Bactrocera dorsalis flies caches in lures and traps, maximum number of flies cached during July (8285, 11693, respectively) at the peak mango season while minimum number of flies caches during month of September (959, 1100, respectively) during successive season of mango in 2014-2015. The mean value of Bactrocera species were found with figure of 207.1. Total fruit flies significant values (f = 41.36, p<0.05) with ...
Muhammad Iqbal Anjum*, Shahbaz Javaid, Agha Waqar Yunus, Faisal Ashfaq and Javed Iqbal
...hose fed TMR with 35% MS got lowest weight gain (687 g/d). Similarly, better feed conversion ratio (6.63) was observed in calves fed 25% MC based TMR while poor (7.90) FCR was observed in TMR with 35% WS. Intake of calves for dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and acid detergent fibre (ADF), among all the groups was similar, however, except ADF, digestibility of DM, CP and NDF was significantly (P<0.05) higher in calves fed T...
Aamir Mushtaq1*, Fatima Habib2, Umar Farooq Gohar3, Abdul Malik4 and Mobasher Ahmad2
Shah Murad Khan1, Hamayun Khan1, Younas Muhammad1, Haq Aman Ullah1*, Muhammad Tariq Tunio2, Ali Gohar2 and Fazli Rabbani3
...ower P4 levels at estrus got conceived (P<0.05). Highest level of E2 was recorded in pregnant cows in POP group in comparison with MSS. The P4 concentration of pregnant cows in MSS was lowest at the time of insemination (P<0.05). Induction of fertile estrous was maximum in POP group than MSS, but conception rate in cows receiving TAI was significantly higher in MSS than POP group (66.66% vs 33.33%;). Efficiency of MSS protocol was virtually double than P...
Riko Noviadi, Dwi Desmiyeni Putri, Gusma Gama Maradon*, Agung Adi Candra, Nani Irwani, Gadis Apriani, Made Guntur Candra Adinata, I Made Krisnanda
...production costs. The Maggot Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) can be utilized as protein source feed ingredients. We aimed to analyze the implications of maggot black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) flour with various processing techniques in broiler rations. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications, each replication consisting of 5 broilers. We designed four treatments, ...
Muhammad Usman Shafi1, Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan1*, Tiyyabah Khan2, Waheed Anwar2, Adnan Akhter2 and Muhammad Zubair3
...vel, and 92% respondents got knowledge about pesticide usage from pesticide retailers. Most of the respondents (85%) visited doctor after any exposure and 96% took showering after application. Most of the respondents (96%) did not use any protection during mixing of pesticide solution and 94% respondents did not during applying. Forty-nine percent respondents disposed left over pesticide solution on ground and 67% used for different purposes until finished. Th...
Antonius Agung Wiono1, Maria Elizabeth Nana Wijayanti1, Dhika Yonika Primacitra1, Trioso Purnawarman2, Andriyanto3, Aulia Andi Mustika3, Amaq Fadholly3*
Shujaullah Khan1, Zahid Hussain1*, Haroon Khan1 and Omer Suha Uslu2
... artificial intelligence got the highest CBR followed by the broad-spectrum herbicide and hand weeding. It can be concluded that the artificial intelligence could prove to be an economical as well as an environment friendly weed management strategy if applied on large scale. On the other hand, the hand weeding is generally not economical and the herbicides are not environment friendly....
M.A.M.M. Shehab-El-Deen1,2*, S.A. Al-Dobaib1 and K.A. Al-Sobayil1
...ration media. Obtained zygotes were cultured in synthetic oviduct fluid with 5% FCS for eight days. Blastocyst stages from each treatment group were assessed and evaluated for their quality by determining the ACR by means of TUNEL staining. The presence of palmitic or stearic acid at high concentrations during oocyte maturation increased ACR, whereas oleic acid had no significant effects. The results of the present study concluded that compromised oocyte micro...
Saeed Ahmad1, Muhammad Iqbal1*, Muhammad Akram1, Muhammad Rafiq Shahid1, Muhammad Shahid1, Taj Muhammad1, Muhammad Ihsan Ullah1, Zunera Saeed2 and Mazhar Ali3
Mamona Jabeen1, Sumra Naz1, Hina Amjad1, Khalid Abbas1*, Sajid Abdullah1, Muhammad Anjum Zia2, Taqwa Safdar1 and Muhammad Sarfraz Ahmed1
... the deficits of heterozygotes suggesting either due to inbreeding or recent mixing of stocks. AMOVA revealed that the majority of the variation (77.21%) lied within the individuals than among the individuals within populations (15.48%). The UPGMA dendrogram based on Nei’s genetic distance revealed that the C. marulius population was divided into two major clusters. This study would be helpful to underpin the causes of decline in genetic diversity of C. ...
Aamir Ali, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir*, Azizullah, Shaukat Ali, Muhammad Farooq Bhatti, Muhammad Summer and Ali Haidar Gormani
...als as these plants have got the attention of both the pharmacological and commercial industries.
Novelty Statement | The mulberry leaves possess various therapeutic potentials. In this study, we have summarized all the therapeutic potentials of different mulberry leaves extracts. Moreover, the important phytochemicals of mulberry leaves and their biological activities are also discussed in details.
Nur Saptahidhayat1, Claude Mona Airin1, Yanuartono1, Dyah Ayu Widiasih1, Soedarmanto Indarjulianto1*, Sri Handayani Irianingsih2, Meta Iqomah3
...mix, and Group III, cows got a combination of basal feed and Protelis® concentrate. The study had 55 days of treatment. The evaluation of milk production and quality was conducted before and after treatment. The research showed that all cows were diagnosed as healthy after suffering from FMD based on clinical symptoms, antibodies to FMD, and the FMD virus examined by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). This result presents a significant difference (p<0.05)...
Ghusoon Hasan Jadaan1*, Khalisa K. Khudair2
...2 NPs. The T3 group that got CP alone saw higher results; CP NPs can be thought of as an antioxidant component. ...
Bakr3 *, Youssef M.; Nour El-Din3, Hanan A.; Abd EL-Wahed2, Waiel F. and Hemeidal , Aläa A.
...tion 163 to position 192 got high score and match the previous laboratory studies which make it one of the best candidates to be immunogenic and capable of producing antibodies that cross react with PLRV. The peptide was chemically synthesized and injected into animal (mouse). The obtained antibodies were tested by using TAS-ELISA and Immuno dot-blot assay. The obtained antibodies were positively reacted against PLRV infected potato tissues....
Estabraq Hayder Khayoon, Ammar Ahmed Abdulwahid*
...2, in this group animals got Acrylamide 5 mg/kg B.W. and Curcumin 100 mg/kg B.W. for 40 days by gavage needle as well. At the zero and the end times of the experiment, blood samples were taken using the heart puncture technique after the subjects had been given an intramuscular injection of ketamine and xylazine to induce anesthesia. The findings revealed the exposure of Acrylamide to rats significantly reduced their tendency to gain weight, a marked rise in...
Huda K. Khassaf1*, Zainab A.H. Al-Mousawi1, Sawsan A. Ali2, Anwar Nather Seiwan3
... the findings, rats that got both SAL and ALA had higher levels of serum thyroxin T4, Free T3, and Free T4 than rats that did not get alA (p≤0.05). As well as decreased total bilirubin, Na+, and Ca+2 levels and increased K+ and Cl- levels (p≤0.05). Furthermore, ALA is an effective therapeutic medication that improves the histological characteristics of the thyroid gland noticeably. The results of this study indicated that supplementing with ALA improved ...
Ali Hassan1, Javaria Ashraf1*, Salman Wahid1, Kamran Alyas1, Samaria Nisar1, Sadia Kanwal2, Nadia Hussain Ahmad2, Amna Bibi2 and Rameen Nawaz3
Claude Mona Airin1*, Miyayu Soneta Sofyan2, Galy Hardyta3, Khrisdiana Putri4, Pudji Astuti1
...iding horses is often forgotten when visitors overflow during peak season at minizoo rides. We aimed to determine how many tourists and horse riders affect their cortisol levels and the tri and tetraiodothyronine (T3/T4) ratio. We employed three riding horses at the Jogja Exotarium (JE), Yogyakarta. Fecal samples were collected in the morning, afternoon, and evening for seven days, during low and high numbers of visitors. The collected fecal samples were freez...
IKRAMULLAH KHAN,RESHMAN NAZ,MUHAMMAD FAZIL
Sri Purwanti1*, Wempie Pakiding1, Marhamah Nadir1, Nurhayu2, Kusumandari Indah Prahesti1, Sitti Nurani Sirajuddin1, Jasmal Ahmari Syamsu1,4, Andi Mushawwir3
...iven a combination of maggot, indigofera and turmeric. A total of 120, 4-week-old male indigenous native chickens with an average initial weight of 42-45 g were divided into 3 treatment groups and fed diets, namely P0 (basal feed), P1 (basal feed + maggot mash 25%+ indigofera mash 5%+ turmeric mash 2.5%), and P2 (basal feed + maggot mash 20% + indigofera mash 10% + turmeric mash 2.5%). The...
Muhammad Yousaf Khan and Pervez Manan
...ela on 31st August, 2018 got wide spread publicity in print and electronic Media. In response local members of Nazism, Councilors and Farmers assembled in front of the same Press Club within a week after the NGO function and recorded their wrath on the role of NGOs and demanded for more plantation of eucalyptus trees on their private and communal lands on the score being the best tree of high economic importance for their lively hood. Surprisingly this protes...
Amjad Ali Ch., Tariq Mahmood, Shahzad Fazal and Nowsherwan Zarif
...ping stage these grasses got optimum nutritional value and sustained grass vigor....
Mahmood Iqbal Sheikh
...ployed young and the old got
job opportunities in mills, factories, construction and
afforestation works. Land lying waste for ages was
turned into highly productive agricultural fields, fruit
orchards and tree plantations. Education and medical
facilities were brought at the door step of villagers.
Although this programme greatly disturbed the ecological
complex of the desert and had a very disconcerting
effect on the indigenous fauna and flora but it...
Mirza Hakim Khan Dr.
...um temperature of 0°C got January, with definite but not severe frost period. Three plant communities' viz. Rhazya stricta, Salvadora oleoides, Acaia modesta, Olea cuspidata, Dodonaea viscosa and Cymbopogon jwarancusa, Cenchrus ciliaris, Dodonaea viscose occur.
...
S. Maqsood Khan
...w more palatable species got established inside the protected area....
Javed Ahmad
...xceeding 50% stocking be got established.
Future performance can be improved if the trench system
is replaced by flood system of irrigation, and due care
is given to ploughing and leveling of the land either by
tractors or through forest lessees settled in the land
with suitable incentives.
...
Saiful Islam1*, Muhammad Zubair Khan1 and Haroon Khan2
...ree-floating hydrophytes got stuck in the outlets and affected its flow. Therefore, daily discharges were measured with and without detached hydrophytes at each outlet from staff gauging. Frequency was based on days hydrophytes blockage observed divided by total time. It is concluded that the presence of hydrophytes decreased the performance of secondary canal, the hydrophytes and users’ interventions (like putting stones to affect flow) influenced the o...
Muti Ul Hannan1, Wazir Ahmed1, Muhammad Naeem Akhtar2*, Muhammad Baqir Hussain1 and Khuram Mubeen1
Suravi Akter, Md. Bipul Mondal and Md. Mahmudul Alam*
...ent in 80% of cattle. Maggot infestation and mouth-tongue lesions were found in five cattle (50%). The biochemical parameters were altered in the cattle having an active cascade of the disease. Regarding the economic impact on the farmers, FMD exerts huge economic losses to the farmers. During the disease period, the highest loss was incurred due to treatment purposes (64%). This study concluded that FMD caused clinical and pathological changes in cattle and e...
Nesreen Ahmed Nasser1, Anas H. Sadek2, Bayadir Abdulhussein Mahmeed3, Osama Akram Mohsein4*
Heba El-Sayed Mostafa1,2*, Lama Sulaiman Alahmadi1, Shiyma Abullah Alrahule1, Nada Fareed Alzughaibi1, Hala Rafat Zulali1, Yasmin Islam Magdi3, Saada Saad Alharbi1
...e use of animals as they got older. Binary multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that females and those in the medicine specialty were significant predictors of opinions on animal research. Linear regression analysis showed that age and source of knowledge were significant predictors of overall knowledge score on general knowledge of ethics in research. Conclusion: In conclusion, Saudi Arabia’s undergraduate health college students are aware o...
Dietary Habits of Indian Gerbil Tatera indica Inhabiting Agro-Ecosystem of Pothwar Plateau, Pakistan
Anum Razzaq*, Tariq Mahmood, Ammara Saman, Ammara Baig, Nadeem Munawar and Muhammad Farooq
...s that Indian gerbil has got a beneficial role for sustainable agriculture practices. ...
Norsyasya Shari1, Nur Nabilah Husin1, Zalilawati Mat Rasid1, Maaruf Abdul Ghani2 and Noroul Asyikeen Zulkifli1*
...an be observed with CMD6 got the highest ratings for general acceptability, color, sweetness, and sourness, indicating that it was the most favored CMD during the analysis.
...
Ahmed E. Orbano1, Mohsen El Dimerdash1, Mohamed Abaza2, Ali Zanaty3, Mohamed Rady3, Mohamed H. Nemr3, Wael K. Elfeil1*
...t. Also, infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) may cause massive financial losses. The current study was designed to investigate the prevalence and co-infection dynamics of some viral etiological agents of respiratory problems in chicken flocks in Egypt from 2020 to 2021. Samples were collected from 69 broiler flocks across four governorates (Giza, Fayoum, Menya, and Menoufia) and investigated using RT-PCR to detect viral pathogens. Results showed that most flock...
