It has been shown that dyslipidemia involves low concentrations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) but high conc...
SAFDAR ALI KHAN1, FARHEEN ANSARI1, SANWAL ASLAM2*, AMJAD HUSSAIN3, MUREED HUSSAIN1, MAJID MAHMOOD4, ALI MUHAMMAD4, RAHMAT ALI1 , ASAD ASLAM3 AND FATIMA ALI1
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In the present study, 150 farm chicken and 100 desi chicken were screened for the existence of parasitic helminthes. Among ...
SADAF SARFRAZ1*, SAFDAR AMEER1, REENA AMBREEN1, SHOMAILA SIKANDAR 2, SHAISTA NAWAZ3 AND YASIR SALEEM3
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Globally, an increased use of pesticides has resulted in the occurrence of drug resistant microbes. This has urged the inve...
ASMAT MEHMOOD, ZAEEMA KHAN AND NAILA MALKANI*
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Oral cancer is widely spreading throughout Asia. This study focused on the prevalence of oral cancer in Pakistan from 2010 ...
SAIMA AFTAB1, ATTIA HAMID1, MAHJBEEN2, JAVERIA TARIQ2, ZULQURNAIN ALI2, ASMA ZAFAR2*
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Bioethanol production at the industrial level is engaged by various bacteria, yeast, and fungi. But Saccharomyces cerevi...
SAIMA AFTAB1, ATTIA HAMID1, MAHJBEEN2, JAVERIA TARIQ2, ZULQURNAIN ALI2, ASMA ZAFAR2*
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Bioethanol production at the industrial level is engaged by various bacteria, yeast, and fungi. But Saccharomyces cerevi...
ANSA KHALID, UZMA HAMEED* AND IKRAM-UL-HAQ
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Dextransucrase is used for the production of dextran, a commercially important product, with numerous applications in many ...
ANSA KHALID, UZMA HAMEED* AND IKRAM-UL-HAQ
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Dextransucrase is used for the production of dextran, a commercially important product, with numerous applications in many ...
MUHAMMAD WAHEED MUSHTAQ1*, NAUMAN JAMIL KHAN1, NAVEED ASLAM DOGAR1, AISHA HAMEED2, ABDUL HAMEED2, MALIK ADIL2, HAROON IFTHIKHAR3 & SAIRA ISHAQ4
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Leafy vegetables (LVs) have health promoting phytochemicals and are rich source of many nutrients such as Vitamin C (Vit. C...
MONIS HUSSAIN SHAH1*, RIAZ UR REHMAN2, RIAZ ALI SHAH1, RIZWAN RAFIQUE3, MUHAMMAD USMAN4, SAJIDA BIBI5 AND SADIA YASEEN6
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Gerbera is an important cut flower that is famous for its attractive and wonderful colors. The gerbera is produced in all a...
MUHAMMAD MUDASSAR SHAHZAD1*, FATIMA KHALID1, MEHWISH FAHEEM2, SYED ZAKIR HUSSAIN SHAH3, SANA BASHIR1 & SYED MUHAMMAD KHAN1
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Taurine (Tau) is vital compound that is limited to oilseed based diets and its inclusion is essential in aquafeeds particul...
USMAN AHMAD*1, AMTUL JAMIL SAMI1, MADEEHA KARAMAT1, MADEEHA KHALID1, FAIZAN NAEEM2 & MUHAMMAD JAMIL YOUSAF3
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Transdermal drug delivery seems to be overwhelming and alternative to other means of drug delivery via oral or intravenous....
SYED ALI RAZA1, MUHAMMAD WASEEM MUMTAZ2*, AYOUB RASHID CH1, ABDUL WAHEED1, JAMES WILLIAM3 & MUHAMMAD ARSHAD1
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The present study describes the antioxidant and pancreatic lipase inhibitory properties of different hydroethanolic leaf ex...
Mahpara Fida Ahmed1, Abdul Hanan2* and Sher Ahmed2
...espect to corms size and spacing were determined by conducting two experiments at Pakistan Agricultural Research Council (PARC) center based at Quetta, Pakistan, during 2015-2016. The experiments were carried out under rainfed Conditions using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). In the one experiment, three treatments (T1 to T3) of corm sizes viz: large (8-11 g), medium (5-7 g) and small (less than 4 g) were used. In the second experiment, five treatments...
Yuliaty*, Brigida A. Correia, LigiaT. Correia, Joao Americo, Mateus Da Cruz De Carvalho, Joana da C. Freitas
Muhammad Raza Salik1, Muhammad Babar Shahzad Afzal1,2*, Ayesha Komal3, Muhammad Nawaz Khan1, Muhammad Ihsan Ullah4, Faheem Altaf5, Akbar Hayat1 and Hira Tariq1
... of four different plant spacing (T1: 10` × 10`, T2: 14` × 14`, T3: 18` × 18`, and T4: 22` × 22`) upon various physio-chemical parameters of Citrus reticulata. The experimental design was randomized complete block (RCB). The parameters evaluated were: plant height, plant spread, canopy volume, month wise incremental trend of fruit growth, fruit size, fruit weight, juice weight, juice%, no. of seeds per fruit, peel thickness, TSS, acidit...
Hanaa H.A. Gomaa1*, Dalia Y.A. Amin1, Mona A. Ismail1, Basma Hamdy2, Khaled A. El-Dougdoug3
...ine, spacing: 0.1px;">salicylic acid and oxidative enzymes contents. The microtome and ultrathin section analysis revealed that improved phytosanitary of cell and tissues of FLV infected fig plants treated with ChNPs and BM, as well as improved shoot length, leaf area and dry weight. Biochemical markers as indicators for systemic acquired resistance were significantly increased including total proteins, salicylic acid, phenol, prolin...
Adriana Beatriz Sánchez-Urdaneta1,2*, Gisela del Carmen Rivero-Maldonado2, Cecilia Beatriz Peña-Valdivia3 and Dianelis del Carmen Sánchez-Urdaneta4
...al;">spacing: -0.1px;">Plants of Opuntia have modified stems, which are called cladodes, and are specialized structures able to photosynthesize. This study was conducted in order to compare the anatomy of the cladodes of the fruit-producing cultivars Floreadora, Moradaza, and Solferino of prickly pear (Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill.). The thickness of cladodes, cuticle, epidermis, collenchyma, parenchyma cell walls, and xylem...
Gilmar Jesús Cañarte-Cañarte1, Ernesto Gonzalo Cañarte-Bermúdez2*, José Bernardo Navarrete-Cedeño2, Luis Fernando Díaz-Toral1, Carlos Eddy Alvarado-Zamora1 and Fernando David Sánchez-Mora1*
...to measure the effect of spacing between rows and plants on the growth, development, and production of the cotton variety BRS-336. Twelve plant densities were used: 55 556, 37 037, 27 778, 50 000, 33 333, 25 000, 45 455, 30 303, 22 727, 41 667, 27 778 and 20 833 pl ha-1, with single row planting arrangements. A randomized complete block design, in factorial arrangement (A x B), with four replications was used. The variables recorded were daily heigh...
SHAD KHAN KHALIL,ASIM MUHAMMAD
Ijaz Ahmad,FAZAL MUNSIF,SHAH KHALID,Murad Ali,Wiqar Ahmad,ABDUL BASIR,KAWSAR ALI,AMJAD ALI,MASOOD AHMAD
Fahad Karim Awan , M. Ashraf Zahid , M. Yaqoob
Khair Ullah,Zahid Hussain,LUQMAN,Ikram Ullah,Mohammad Ilyas,IJAZ AHMAD KHAN
SHAD KHAN KHALIL,Haroon Khan
Asif Tanveer,Fahad Bashir,Muhammad Ather Nadeem,TASAWER ABBAS
GUL HASSAN,MUHAMMAD IQBAL MARWAT,Khan Bahadar Marwat,Haji Khalil Ahmad
Muhammad Azim Khan, Shafaq Ahsan, Farhatullah, Gul Hassan , Anwar Nawaz Khan1
JAMIL AHMAD,Haji Khalil Ahmad,MUHAMMAD IQBAL MARWAT
MUHAMMAD ILYAS,IJAZ AHMAD KHAN,Imtiaz Khan,MUHAMMAD ISHFAQ KHAN,Zahid Hussain,LUQMAN,FARHAT UN NISA SHEHZAD,Muhammad Ashfaq Khan,Bushra Khan
M H ALI,M F KARIM,M S ISLAM,S M MASUM
IJAZ AHMAD KHAN,MUHAMMAD SAJID,NOOR UL AMIN,IBAD ULLAH JAN,MUHAMMAD ANWAR,ABDUR RAB,FAZLI WAHID
Zaid Khan, Bashir Ahmad, Habib Akbar, Muhammad Ayoub Khan , Sajjad Ahmad, Hafeez ur Rahim, Barkat Ali and Laiq Zada
Manahil Wahab1 and Anwar Ali2
...s since 1990. The normal spacing between plants on the boundaries of field is 2-3 feet whereas in case of compact plantations it is 3x3 or 4x4 feet. About 48% of the respondents procured saplings from private nurseries whereas 42% of the farmers produce planting stock in their own nurseries. Majority (82%) of the respondents reported that trees have negative effects on agricultural crops which results in loss of agricultural crop in the range of 20-50%. On the...
Abdul Khaliq Chaudhry1, Ashar Farooq2 and Ghulam Muhammad3
...ly. Tree rows with close spacing and large crowns produced more adverse effect. Adverse effect of shade caused by tree rows can be minimized with proper spacing and proper pruning of trees. Yield losses would be compensated from the sale of trees....
Amjad Ali Ch., Tariq Mahmood, Shahzad Fazal and Nowsherwan Zarif
...1x3 m plots at 0.3x0.3 m spacing. No fertilizer was applied and frequent irrigation was done to ensure adequate soil moisture. Four clipping stages i.e. CS1, CS2, CS3 and CS4 (clipped after 1, 2, 3 and 4 months, respectively) were studied. Response variables were dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), Neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL).With increasing clipping stage, concentration of DM,...
Ashaer Farooq, Abdul Khaliq Chaudhry and Ghulam Muhammad
...
Tree rows with close spacing produced more adverse effect than those planted at wider spacing. Adverse effect of shade caused by the tree rows can be minimized with proper spacing and pruning of trees. Yield losses can also be compensated from the sale of marketable trees. ...
Nasreen Fatimah Rao, Muhammad Tahir Laeeq and Kanwar Muhammad Suleman
...ears. Leaf area, age and spacing explained about 84.5 percent of total variation in the girth of the trees....
Chaudhry Abdul Rashid1, Raja Muhammad Omer2, Chaudhry Muhammad Faisal2, Waqar Ahmed3, Zahid Ali4
...in each treatment with a spacing of 2m x 3m. Plant height (m) and diametre at breast height (DBH) (cm) were measured annually from 1992 to 1998 Soil samples were analysed for pH, organic matter (OM) %, P, K, total soluble salts (TSS) % and soil saturation % Results indicated that the growth of E camaldulensis was highest in combination with Leuceana leucocephala and Dalhergia sissoo Soil factors had no effect on the growth of E. camaldu...
Aman Ullah Bhatti, Shamsher Ali and Farmanullah Khan
...lected at a regular grid spacing of 15 m x 25 m and 15 m x 20 m from two depths (0-15, 15-45 cm) under agro-forestry and agricultural crops, respectively from D. I. Khan. Soil samples collected were analyzed for soil pH (1:5), electrical conductivity (1:5), organic matter, lime, mineral N, and AB-DTPA extractable P and K. The total number of plants were 410 in agro-forestry field and were about 5 years old Data collected on soil properties were statistically a...
Ghulam Akbar, Muhammad Arshad and Taj Naseeb Khan
...nting the plant to plant spacing was kept at
0.5 m. Overall dry matter yield (DMY) than rest of the
grasses. Field observations confirmed that plants
emerging from seed were morphologically more vigorous
than those arising from root stumps. Thus seeding method
if synchronized with suitable soil moisture can prove
more effective in terms of DMY in desert areas like
Cholistan....
Abdul Khaliq Chaudhry and Jehangir Ghauri
...ltural crops at variable spacings.
In this paper results of effect of various
spacings on the growth of Eucalyptus
camaldulensis under agroforestry systems have
been presented.
...
Bashir Hussain Shah
...nted in 3 rows at 1 x 1m spacing along the contour. At the outlet of each catchment, detension dams with circular splitter and siltation tanks for monitoring water and sediment yield were constructed. The water and sediment yield data showed that there was no surface runoff and sediment yield from the catchment treated with bench terraces, while it was maximum from the catchment treated with only strip cropping. There was no significant difference in water and...
Sahibzada M. Hafeez and M. Hafeezullah
Shakeel Haider Zaidi, Anwar Ahmad Khan and Muhammad Muslim
...atural habitat. Suitable spacing
for planting and appropriate doses of NPK fertilizer
required for better growth and yield was determined.
The plant is perennial at higher hills and good yield of
leaves was recorded during second and third year's
growth of the plant. Roots of A. acuminata attained
exploitable size after three years growth....
Shakeel Haider Zaidi and Anwar Ahmad Khan
...ield trials with various spacings were
conducted for 3 consecutive year (1989 to 1992) at
Medicinal plants farm, Peshawar. The plant has
successfully adapted to the climatic condition of
Peshawar giving the highest yield when planted at 60*30
cm spacing. It can be easily cultivated under
irrigated conditions at Peshawar and has good potential
for supplementing the farmer's income even on marginal
lands....
S. M. Rafique
... were planted in it at a spacing of 2.7 x 2.7 meters (9 x 9 feet). Irrigation was applied as and when required from an open sewerage drain. All necessary cultural operation were carried out according to the plan of operations. Ten years old tree crop in may, 1992 consisted of only 536 trees because there were numerous gaps in it. Amongst these, 11 trees were defective (top broken per dry and partially rotten from ground upwards). The diameters of trees at brea...
M. Tahir Laeeq and Raja Walayat Hussain
...planted at six different spacings at
Pakistan Forest Institute was studied. The plants of 6
months, coppice shoots of 1 year and 2 year and 3 year
age were harvested for determination of biomass. It was found that spacing i.e. 0.50 x 0.50m to 1.50 x 1.25m gave
more biomass than wider spacings where the yield had
been almost the same. Harvesting annually or biennially
did not make muc...
M. Iqbal Ahmad and I. A. Hafiz
... different treatments of spacing
fertilization and pollarding at the Pakistan Forest
Institute, Peshawar. It was found that density of
planting in directly related to the mulberey leaf
yield. The spacings of 1 x 1 meter was found optional for
improved management and high yield of mulberry
plantations. The application of 200 Kg N per hectare, if
applied 50% after sprouting of plants in spring and 50%
after 20 days of ...
M. B. Bhatti, M. I. Sultani, M. Aslam and Ehtesham Ali Syed
...re when grown at a close spacing of 0.3 m x 0.76 m producing 48.66% more fodder than at the wider spacing of 0.3 x 1.5 m. While the per plant height
differed significantly, plants being taller under closer spacing, the variations in per-plant fresh weight were found insignificant....
Anwar Ahmad Khan and Shakeel Haider Zaidi
...ield trials with various spacings were conducted for
three consecutive year i.e., from 1982 to 1984 at
Peshawar. S. mammosum though gave higher yield of fresh
berries (1033 kg/ha) as compared to S. khasianum (746kg/ha) but S. mammosum was found to be highly
susceptible to black shank disease caused by
Phytophthora spp. during 1984, whereas S. khasianum was
resistant. Chemical analysis of berries depicted higher
percent...
Mahmood Iqbal Sheikh
...ed to be taken as to the spacing and the rotation on
which poplar should be grown for maximum volume production for different end uses.
Although studies on spacing of poplars have been conducted in many countries, yet the
results could not entirely be applicable to Pakistan owing to different climatic conditions
obtaining in this part of the world. It was observed that due to comparatively long growing
season, he...
Raja Walayat Hussain and M. I. Sheikh
...o size of pits and
four spacings....
Raja Walayat Hussain and M. I. Sheikh
...
poplar clones. Original spacing was 10' x 6' (3 x 2 m) and one year old entire plants were
transplanted at the above spacing in RCB design with four replications. First thinning was
done in the crop in autumn of 1980 but it was rather on conservative side. The crop gave a
congested appearance on visit in September 1984. Therefore second thinning was done giving a
release to the left over plants to put up better growth....
M.I. Sheikh
...planting at 2 x 2 metres spacing. The plants were planted at two depths i.e. 30 cm and 18 cm in the pits of 0.5 meter diameter...
Mahmood Iqbal Sheikh
...nted in 16 subplots at a spacing of
4 x 4 m. In each subplot, 30 plants were planted, 480 plants in all. Planting was done in a
randomised complete block design in 4 replications.
...
M. Kamaluddin and M. K. Bhuiyan
...ks of rural ponds with a spacing of 1,6X 1,6 m to assess the growth and fuel wood yield under rural site condition. The survival of plants was 96%. At the age of 5 years the plants attained an average height of 11,54 m with an average diameter (dbh) of 11.64 cm. The yield of fuel wood including bark and branches was 139,1 t/ha 12% moisture content. The results show a good prospect in raising fuel wood plantation of the province in rural waste and marginal land...
M.I. Sheikh and Raza-ul-Haq
...14 under seven different spacings viz1.8 x 1.8,2.4 x 2.4,4.3 x 4.3,4.9 x 4.9 and 5.5 x 5.5 meter, a study was planted in Changa Manga irrigated plantation. Assessment of the study after six years has indicated that growing space provided to the trees has a highly significant effect on diameter, and height growth. Spacings had also highly significant effect on volume production; highest volume under 1.8 x 1.8 m
M.I. Sheikh
...hawar were planted at a
spacing of 4.5 x 4.5 m in 0.5 m deep pits.
...
Anwar Ahmad Khan and Shakeel Haider Zaidi
M.I. Sheikh
...>To find out the correct spacing for planting of bamboo in conjunction with agricultural crops a study was laid out in the P.F.l. over an area of 0.3 ha in 1977. One year old tube plants of bamboo were planted at 2 x 2, 3 x 3 and 6x6 m spacing, replicated 3 times using 180, 84 and 24 plants in all the treatments respectively. In the first three years of the study, inter-cropping was done with maize, barseem and wheat. Afterw...
R. W. Hussain and S. Hasan Abbas
...planting was done with a spacing of 10″ x 6″ and no thinning was done and only 26 trees were lost on account of mortality or other factors. Under proper management the actual number of trees constituting main crop at the above age is almost half of the above figures. Therefore mean annual increment is less and ranges between 250cft to 400cft per acre for this spacing....
M.I. Sheikh and Raza-ul-Haq
...lanted at a conventional spacing of 6 x 10 ft. To release the congestion and depending on the condition of the crop, first thinning is done in the 6th year, the second in the 12th, another in the 18th year if need be, and the final felling at the age of 20-22 years.
In order to find out the effect of spacing on the pattern of growth, a study was laid out in the Pakistan Forest Institute Research Garden in January, 1...
Mahmood Iqbal Sheikh and Raza-ul-Haq
...ted in 16 sub-plots at a spacing of 4 x 4 m. In each sub-plot a randomised complete block design, replicated 4 times....
Raja Walayat Hussain and Mahmood Iqbal Sheikh
...planting was dine with a spacing
of 10'x 6', no thinning was done up to the age of 6
years and only 26 trees were lost on account of
mortality and other factors up to this age. This
plantation was however not maintained properly, no soil
cultivation was done and irrigation was erratic. Since
hybrid poplar had been tried in different plantations
with varying spacing since 1970, sample plots were laid
out to asse...
Mahmood Iqbal Sheikh
... were planted at 5 x 5 m spacing. Their performance was evaluated in 1981 and the ten clones were found to be the best amongst all clones....
G. M. Khattak and M. I. Sheikh
...e planted at 4.3 x 4.3 m spacing with entire plants of poplar and Eucalyptus and root-shoot cuttings of shisham and semal.
On 22-10-1979 the area was irrigated to prepare it for wheat sowing. On 5-11-1979 Pavan variety of wheat was sown in drills 45 cm apart between the lines of trees. The drill next to the line of trees was 80 cm away from it. Seed rate was 135 kg/ha. Urea was applied on 4-12-1979 at the rate of 230 kg/ha. Two irrigations of 10 cm...
Mahmood Iqbal Sheikh
...on to find the effect of spacing in the rate of growth of Populus euramericana cv.I-214 has indicated that so far as diameter growth is concerned wider spacings (4.6x4.6 m and 5.5x5.5 m) are highly significant at 1% level as
compared to closer ones (3.7x3.7 m and 1.9x1.9 m). As regards height, the closet spacing has an edge over the rest.
...
Mahmood Iqbal Sheikh
... close (3x3 ft) and wide spacing (3x3 ft) and planting out the latter when one year old. The results at the nursery stage as well those of field planting are quite encouraging.
...
Suherman Suherman1*, Muhammad Fahri Rizky1, Zaki Bahrul Fikri1, Hadiyanto Hadiyanto1, Zane Vincevica-Gaile2, Anwar Saeed Khan3, Erkata Yandri4,5 and Iswahyudi Iswahyudi6
...al;">spacing: -0.1px;">Onions (Allium ascalonicum L.) are one spiced vegetable that serves as a culinary spice, food flavoring, and traditional medicine. Onions have relatively high minerals, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and essential oils. Agricultural products are still dried using conventional methods. Although, traditional drying is relatively simple, it has disadvantages such as relatively long drying time, relatively low...
Asad Ali, Anwar Ali, Muhammad Farooq and Basheer Ahmad*
...below the required 10x10 spacing, with only 663 pits found compared to the required 1075 pits per hectare. The average regeneration per hectare was estimated at 75 plants in pits and trenches at the plantation, with a composition of 70% Prosopis juliflora, 19% Zizyphus nummularia, and 7% Phoenix. The study identified established regeneration, while unestablished regeneration (below 9 inches) was not observed. The data showed an average survival rate of 93% in ...
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