Shahid Ali, Munir Khan
...the rural population and extension education to wheat producers....
Kemi Funmilayo Omotesho1*, Isreal Ogunlade1, Opeyemi Eyitayo Ayinde2
...proaches to agricultural extension service delivery emphasize the need for accountability of extension to the end users. This study analysed farmers’ perception of the accountability of agricultural extension services rendered in Oyo State, Nigeria. Structured interview schedule was used in eliciting information from 195 farmers in rural communities across the four agro-ecological zo...
Faheem Khan*, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan
...r Field School and other extension programs and extension agents should motivate and train the growers to cultivate sugarcane using scientific techniques, paying special attention to those who are illiterate, to the point of developing special extension tools for those who cannot read....
Hina Fatima, Muhammad Azeem Khan, Mahreen Zaid-Ullah, Abdul-Jabbar, Khurram Nawaz Saddozai
Muhammad Aslam
...ation-training-research- extension-nexus, reclamation of salinized lands, improved agricultural credit and support price policies. Recommendations include improving agricultural research and extension systems, accelerating diffusion and adoption of latest agriculture technologies and inputs, enhancing good quality seed production, improving irrigation water management and improving reclamation and drainage....
Oluwasogo David Olorunfemi, Oluwasegun Adetokunbo Adekunle, Felix Olayinka Oladipo, Temitope Oluwaseun Oladele and Oladimeji Idowu Oladele
...es should be packaged by extension organizations and other stakeholders for fish farmers in the major areas of capacity deficiencies indicated so as to enhance their use of value addition initiatives from production to marketing....
Qamar Ali, Muhammad Ashfaq and Muhammad Tariq Iqbal Khan
...markets and provision of extension services....
Nusrat Habib, Safeena Inam and Abdul Hayee Qureshi
... of sunflower, access to extension services and share of non-agricultural income. By increasing 1 percent in these parameters will increase the probability for adoption of sunflower. Keeping in view the importance of this crop it is suggested to provide market structure for sunflower growers near to their field areas and Research efforts should be made to overcome the problems faced by sunflower growers....
Amjad Ali and Abbas Ullah Jan
...erience and contact with extension workers has significant contribution in decreasing farm inefficiency. However, grower’s family size, his off-farm income and distance between farm and house were found non-significant. The coefficient of education reveals that in study area inefficiency raised with increase in grower’s formal education. In order to increase grower’s productivity government should ensure the provision of quality
Hafiz Aftab Ahmed1, Asif Ali2, Akbar Ali2, Salman Ahmed Abid3 and Sajid Umar4*
...ent unilateral hind limb extension. The animals were unable to flex the limb during walk. Diagnosis was based on case history, clinical sign and clinical examination. Upward fixation of patella was diagnosed in all three animals. After careful palpation of the ligament, medial patellar desmotomy was performed in lateral recumbence, under local anesthesia achieved by 2% lignocaine hydrochloride. The skin was apposed with simple interrupted sutures using silk. P...
Said Rawan1, Farzana bibi1, Nadeem Khan1*, Abdul Mateen Khattak1, Zahir shah3, Asif Iqbal2, Madeeha Alamzeb2, Saeed Ul Haq1, Abid Kamal3, Fawad Ali Shah2, Ahmad Naeem1 and Wajid Ali3
...ded for postharvest life extension of guava fruits under uniform room temperature 210C.
...
Shah Saud Ahmad and Muhammad Zafarullah Khan*
... followed by agriculture extension department. More than half of the respondents (i.e. 60%) reported that FSC arranged trainings for them regarding their capacity building. Fertilizer application was the major skill stated by overwhelming majority of (95%) respondents followed by improved agricultural technology (94%) and sowing methods (93%) learned through FSC. Mass contact method was rarely used in the study area as only 10% of the respondents ranked it ver...
Muhammad Zafarullah Khan
...field assistants to plan extension activities. The lowest competencies of AEOs reported were official inquiries conduction, identification of malpractices of inputs supply dealers and evaluate the working of fertilizer dealers. The study recommended that the gap among the competencies of AEOs might be minimized by increasing their educational level and providing training opportunities especially in supervision and administration to deal effectively with all th...
Muhammad Zafarullah Khan*, Shah Saud Ahmad and Asif Nawaz
...dents mentioned that the extension agent was the source of awareness about FSC. About 43% of the respondents were invited by FSC for general body meeting whereas only 26% participated in the process of election. Maximum respondents were provided farm machinery by FSC i.e. cultivator (51%), rotavator (56%), mold bold plough (56%), disk plough (48%), single furrow (47%), drill (61%) and ridge maker (53%). Market was the source of seed for majority of the respond...
Umair Talib1*, Ijaz Ashraf1, Khalid Mahmood Chaudhary1, Riaz Ahmad2
...tract | Agricultural extension is the main source for addressing technical issues and dissemination of current technologies among the smallholder farmers in Pakistan. Since the late 1980s, the government of Pakistan include private sector in extension circle to enhance the effectiveness of public extension through competition. This study conducted in 2016, sought to analyze whethe...
Rehmat Ullah1*, Kalim Ullah2, Inam Ullah3, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan1 and Asif Nawaz1
...area was the scarcity of extension staff. It is recommended that public financial support should be increased which are working with same interests, to have a better Extension Service in place, functional, operational, adequate and with enough availability of staff. Furthermore funding must be improved, for proper infrastructure and latest communication technologies so that extension worke...
Carolina A. Bonin1,2, Eric A. Lewallen2,3, Andre J. van Wijnen3, Marta Jussara Cremer4 and Paulo C. Simões-Lopes5*
...tion of dolphins, and by extension may help inform management plans for ecologically vulnerable S. guianensis populations in other parts of their distribution.
...
Muhammad Zahid1*, Muhammad Ather Javed Khan2, Muhammad Idrees3 and Ahmad Kamran Khan4
...b and run by agriculture extension department. Farmer Field Schools were formed at each village level. Present study was designed to evaluate the role of integrated pest management for cotton production technologies by the registered growers of Hasilpur, Punjab. In order to collect this information an interview schedule was prepared and respondents (150 growers of farmer field school) were interviewed personally by the author. The findings revealed 98.7%, 100%...
Muhammad Luqman1,3, Raheel Saqib2*, Xu Shiwei3 and Yu Wen3
...isparity in agricultural extension. Agriculture comprises of a number of farming activities, where both men and women are involved in multiple diverse nature of field operations. Inspite of their high contribution in farm and non-farm activities, there exist gender disparity with reference to agricultural extension, education and other farm advisory services. The study was conducted in district Sargodha located in the centra...
Shahid Iqbal1*, Amir Nawaz Khan2, Mushtaq Ahmad Jadoon3 and Intikhab Alam3
...of both the agricultural extension and research with major emphasis on cash and off-seasoned crops after resolving land demarcation issue and revival of water channels along with introduction of micro credit schemes. ...
Aslam Memon, A. M. Khushk* and Umer Farooq**
...fforts from agricultural extension department as well as sugar mills are needed to rapidly diffuse the more recently released varieties among the farmers. The sugarcane growers in KP are suggested to increase varietal diversity on their farms to avoid any risk of complete crop failure due to any reason. Sugar mills in all three provinces are suggested to take serious note of status of adoption of different sugarcane varieties through a collective action in the...
Zaheeruddin Mirani*and Aslam Memon**
...services of agricultural extension and pesticide/fertilizer companies. The most important finding of the study was the fact that farmers were not receiving new agricultural information from agricultural extension as most of the farmers were not visited. This entails the fact that farmers are not alone responsible for non-adoption of improved practices. Pesticide/fertilizer agents were viewed as effective in transferring mess...
Halima Shoukat1*, Hafiz Sheraz Arshad2, Faiza Sharif1, Arooj Fatima1 and Filza Shoukat1
... of motion (ROM) of knee extension in adults. This experimental work was conducted on students of University of Lahore from December 2013 to March 2014. The study comprised of 60 subjects with asymptomatic tightness of hamstrings muscles and subjects were aged between 18-26 years (irrespective of their gender). Range of motion at knee joint was measured by universal goniometer before the commencement of stretching technique. Static stretching was applied to gr...
Farhat Ullah Khan, Nowshad Khan and Zaibunnisa Abdullah*
Corresponding author: farhatkhan7@gmail.com (This is part of Ph.D. work of senior author)
IMPACT OFKINNOW (MANDARIN) YIELD LOSSES ON SOCIOECONOMIC CONDITIONS OF THE FARMING COMMUNITY IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
...wareness and training of extension workers, can give economic benefits to communities of study area. The immediate benefit of this study will go to kinnow growers of Tehsil Sargodha and ultimately the economic growth of the country will be increased in future by improving the cultural practices and adopting modern post harvest technologies of kinnow throughout Pakistan....
A.A. Mengal* , M. U. Mallah, Z. A. Mirani* and B. N. Siddiqui**
AN ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC AND PRIVATE AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES IN BALOCHISTAN, PAKISTAN
...ublic and private sector extension in Balochistan province of Pakistan. Five districts, one from each ecological zone, were selected which are Turbat (Kech), Lasbela, Mastung, Sibi, and Loralai. A sample of 375 farmer respondents were taken with a systematic sampling procedure. The response rate was 82.67%. A detailed and comprehensive questionnaire was used for measuring the effectiveness of extension activities performed b...
Amir Khatam*, Sher Muhammad, and Ijaz Ashraf**
ROLE OF INDIVIDUAL CONTACT METHODS IN DISSEMINATION OF AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES
... home visits made by the extension staff (60.71%) as extension methods for dissemination of agricultural technologies among the farming community, whereas only 31.78% and 22.85% of the farmer respondents are aware of the office call and telephone calls, respectively, for diffusion of information regarding latest agricultural technologies. However, awareness regarding personal letters as an extension<...
Rehmat Ullah*, Kalim Ullah** and Mohammad Zafarullah Khan*
EXTENSION SERVICES AND TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION OF DATE PALM (PHOENIX DACTYLIFERA L.) IN DISTRICT DERA ISMAIL KHAN
...the role of agricultural extension services in date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) improvement. Agriculture extension is appreciating the problems of farmers and suggesting a suitable solution for these problems. Due to the utmost importance of agricultural extension services, its role was investigated in the major date producing areas (Dakki, Mian Wada, Mathra Abad, Jhok Ghamywali, Habib A...
Muhammad Asif Jamil*, Nowshad Khan*, FarhatUllah Khan* and Muhammad Zakria*
EFFECTIVENESS OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES IN DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION TO THE FARMING COMMUNITY OF DISTRICT BHIMBER, AZAD JAMMU AND KASHMIR
...ess the effectiveness of extension advisory services for farming community of Bhimber district of Azad Jammu and Kashmir. The convenient sampling as well as multistage sampling method was used to collect the data from the study area. The overall data consists of 150 farmers. The study revealed that respondent's acquaintance with extension staff was very low as only 18.00% of the respondents had personal acquaintance with the...
Khurram Nawaz Saddozai*, Umme Rubab* and Abass Ullah Jan*
STOCHASTIC FRONTIER ANALYSIS OF MAIZE FARMERS IN AZAD JAMMU AND KASHMIR, PAKISTAN
... number of contacts with extension agents were more efficient. Contrarily, age of the farmer and large farm size have inverse relation to technical efficiency of the farmers. This research study concludes that the use of more labor and application of farm yard manure is contributing significantly. It is recommended that the high input prices may be levelled off by the regulatory authorities so that farmers can apply the required crop inputs such as DAP and ure...
Arshia Naeem*, Maria Anjum*, Mariam Rehman*, Zahid Mahmood** and Muhammad Asif Kamran**
AN INTEGRATED INFORMATION SYSTEM TO FACILITATE FARMERS IN WHEAT, SUGARCANE AND OTHER CROP DISEASES IDENTIFICATION
...s to bridge research and extension gap and can be used by agricultural policy makers to support agricultural services for farming communities who are otherwise deprived of extension services due to large number of farmers and their huge spread throughout the country....
Raza Ullah*, Mariam Rehman*, Maria Anjum*, Muhammad Asif
Kamran**, Khuda Bakhsh***, Abdul Saboor****
NAVIGATING FARMING RISKS BY SIMULTANEOUS DIVERSIFICATION AND CREDIT THROUGH FORMAL AND INFORMAL COMMUNICATION CHANNEL
...roaches the agricultural extension educators can also improve their programs to guide the farmers in a better way and target farmers who need risk management information the most. At policy level, emphasis may be given to formal training and awareness of the farmers for diversification to compensate production risks. The existing extension network can be strengthened through its institutional linkage with metrology departmen...
Sher Muhammad , Ijaz Ashraf*, Amir Khatam**, and Naima
Nawaz***
SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF FARMERS AND THEIR PARTICIPATION IN ACTIVITIES OF MODEL FARM SERVICES CENTERS IN KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA, PAKISTAN
...) can be viewed as a new extension strategy introduced in all the 24 districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) to lead farming communities towards sustainable agriculture by putting emphasis on the delivery of demand-based services through their active involvement. This improved situation regarding availability of agricultural inputs and good decision making may result in active participation by farmers in farm related activities. The present paper focuses on farm...
Ejaz Ashraf1*, Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel2 and Zafarullah Baloch3
...services from government extension service institutions at all. Age and experience are significantly correlated variables with r = 0.951 at 1% alpha level. Results from regression analysis revealed that age, education and experience are strong predictors in the model to increase the knowledge level of the respondents for production, processing and marketing of the dates in district Panjgur.
...
...
Amjad Ali1, Rajan Shrestha2, Ghaffar Ali1, Irfan Ullah1 and Salman Khan1
...ecommends improvement in extension services to guide farmers on proper inputs utilization, low interest rate crop based loans and comprehensive policy of setting right price for output to increase net return and per unit yield. ...
Amjad Ali1, Rajan Shrestha2, Ghaffar Ali1, Irfan Ullah1 and Salman Khan1
...ecommends improvement in extension services to guide farmers on proper inputs utilization, low interest rate crop based loans and comprehensive policy of setting right price for output to increase net return and per unit yield. ...
Ejaz Ashraf1*, Hafiz Khuram Sharjeel1, Raheel Babar2, Muhammad Junaid1, Qamar Iqbal3, Rabia Rasheed1 and Nosheen Fatima1
...luate the performance of extension approaches and Extension Field Staff (EFS) in order to identify the weaknesses or failures behind extension system and to suggest recommendations for improvement in extension approaches and performance of EFS through census study. The total EFS population consists of 155 people and 121 respondents appeared for interview...
Urooba Pervaiz1, Abdus Salam1, Dawood Jan2, Ayesha Khan1 and Mahmood Iqbal1
...rs given training by the extension department were selected for interview, thus 104 respondents were interviewed for the study through well-structured interview schedule. Paired t-test was used for the comparison before and after training.The results show that 43% of the respondents were young, literate (85%), owner cultivator (49%), majority (81%) have total tomato cultivated area between 1-3 acres. Training was given to all the farmers, results of t-test sho...
Ejaz Ashraf1*, Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel2 and Mujahid Iqbal3
Impacts of Climate Change on Livestock and Livestock Produces: A Case Study of Banke District, Nepal
Anish Shrestha* and Samata Baral
...about climate change was extension worker, which indicates very minimal interaction between farmers and extension worker. Most significant impacts of the climate change were increased disease pest infestation, loss of appetite and decreased milk production. Vulnerability index of the area found to be 4.29, indicating higher vulnerability of the research area to climate change. Study concluded that impact of climate change in...
Asif Nawaz* and Muhammad Zafarullah Khan
Amjad Ali1, Abbas Ullah Jan1, Lal Almas2, Noor Piao Khan1 and Khurran Nawaz Saddozai1
...me distance, tenancy and extension contacts are determinants in allocative inefficiency model. Results of the study revealed that except farmyard manure and pesticides all other explanatory variables are significant influencing factors in total cost of sugarcane production in district Charsadda. In socio-economic characteristics family size and extension contacts show negative correlation with allocative inefficiency. Mean a...
Umair Talib1, Ijaz Ashraf2, Robert Agunga1 and Saleem Ashraf3*
...t need for climate smart extension education for these farmers. The main purpose for this study was to examine environmental degradation/climate change associated problems faced/ perceived by resource-poor farmers and ways adopted to mitigate them. The specific objectives of study were to determine farm damages of resource-poor farmers under environmental degradation; explore mitigation strategies available for resource-poor farmers; and examine the implicatio...
Syed Amjad Kamal Jan* and Naushad Khan
...ers by bank; Agriculture extension programs should be launched for transfer of knowledge and for awareness of rice growers; Inputs should be provided at door step on subsidized rate to farmer; Legal programs should be arranged for farmer awareness in the study area; Road facilities should be provided to farmer for pick and drop of input and output; Several farm plots should be combined and modern farming be practiced on the farm for enhancement of rice product...
Muhammad Ali1,2*, Norsida Man2 and Farrah Melissa Muharam2
...onal level. Agricultural extension workers as change agents are required to keep the motivation level high otherwise, food security and bread and butter of farmers would become jeopardized by climate changes at the national and global level. ...
Ayesha Khan*, Zubair Ahmad Khan, Urooba Pervaiz And Mehmood Iqbal
...e information sources of extension agents, views of extension agents on adoption constraints and the extension methods used by them. All agricultural officers and 40% of field assistants were interviewed making a sample of 81 extension agents; 10 agricultural officers and 71 field assistants. The study results indicate that 77% field assistants were educ...
Dilshad Ahmad1* and Muhammad Afzal2
...sticides, irrigation and extension services more significant in increasing the Non-Bt cotton farmers production. Age of farmers, educational status, credit access and agriculture extension services access have significantly and positively impacted while the shortage of irrigation negatively impacts in both districts Non-Bt and Bt cotton farmers technical efficiency. There is need of proper policy measure for overcome market ...
Arshad Farooq* and Muhammad Zafarullah Khan
...es, lack of agricultural extension activities etc. Training and awareness programs through various types of mass media should be launched for reducing the knowledge gap and to equip the cane farmers with latest technology. ...
An Empirical Analysis of Livestock Activities of the Model Farm Service Center in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Tariq Shah1*, Umar Hayat1, Muhammad Suleman Bacha2 and Muhammad3
...es especially related to extension work and explore the knowledge of farmers and their linkages with government as well private sector for livestock improvement in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province. A total of 480 respondents from four districts, namely Swat, Mardan, Abbotabad and Dera Ismail Khan were randomly selected for interview purpose. Descriptive statistical techniques along with independent sample t-test and dummy variable regression were used for anal...
Shahid Ali1*, Asim Khan1, Aftab Khan1 and Bakhtawar Riaz2
... allocate more funds for extension services to provide formal and informal education to tomato growers. ...
Ayat Ullah* and Ayesha Khan
...to examine the effect of extension-farmers contact frequency on farmers’ knowledge of improved ways of chemical, biological and cultural control methods in the rain-fed districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Using multistage random sampling technique data were collected from 395 respondents according to Yamane’s formula. The study uses the Kruskal–Wallis H test for checking differences among farmers knowledge with differences in their con...
Iram Gull*, Muhammad Shahbaz Aslam, Imran Tipu, Roohi Mushtaq and Muhammad Amin Athar
...orted.
...
Essossinam Ali*
...ged for regular visit to extension services whlie policymakers should give special attention to factors such as credit facilities and market access through development of transportation infrastructure in order to reduce farmers’ risk aversion in the study areas. ...
Sanaullah and Urooba Pervaiz*
...e the effect and role of extension trainings in the improvement of main agricultural crops and vegetables in Bajaur Agency of Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) during the year 2016-17. The study was based on primary data collected from 166 sample respondents who got training from Bajaur Area Development Program (BADP) using a well-structured interview schedule; through personal interview method. Result showed that 63.9% of the respondents were illiter...
Naveed Afsar* and Muhammad Idrees
...tions about agricultural extension services in disseminating climate change knowledge in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Data was collected from the 400 farmers of the two purposively sampled districts as these two were the highly vulnerable areas from climate change. The major source of climate change information of the majority of farmers was electronic media and the overall regression analysis of the climate change perceptions reveal that climate change is happening an...
Muhammad Ali1*, Norsida Man2 and Farrah Melissa Muharam2
... with fellow farmers and extension service providers. Furthermore, majority of the farmers had a high level of subjective norms influence to use ICTs for agricultural risk management. However, it seems that still a lot to be done in order to socially influence farmers particularly resource poor farmers to use ICTs for agricultural risk management for ultimately coping with the impacts of climate changes. Last but not least, agricultural <...
Ejaz Ashraf1*, Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel2, Umar Mumtaz1, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan3 and Abdul Naveed4
Raheel Saqib1*, Muhammad Luqman2, Iqbal Javed3, Abdur Rehman4, Muhammad Yaseen2, Saleem Ashraf5 and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed2
...ccess to rural advisory (extension) services, access to financial support structures (in the form of social safety nets) and crop diversification strategies. ...
Shahid Ali1*, Farhan1, Murtaza1, Neelum Andaleeb2 and Amjad Ali1
.... It is recommended that extension department should train farmers to improve their farming skills and provide them formal as well as informal education to enhance the technical efficiency of wheat growers. ...
Muhammad Israr* and Noor Khan
...acility and agricultural extension services over modern agricultural technologies could augment the rate and intensity of adoption by the wheat growers. ...
Turab Ali Kaurajo1*, Huma Rizwana1, Gulbahar Khaskheli2, Muhammad Haroon Baloch1, Muhammad Naeem Rajput1, Asad Ali Khaskheli3 and Mohsin Solangi1
...arming does not exit and extension services are rarely available to motivate and educate the camel herders. Higher load carrying capacity, hair production and body weight was observed in Kharai breed, however; milk production and lactation length was better in Dhatti breed. ...
Qaisar Jamal*, Akram Shah, Syed Basit Rasheed and Muhammad Adnan
...ring a slender tail like extension . During logarithmic growth, 17 % of promastigotes were found dividing. During a 10 days transformation of axenic amastigotes, the day following inoculation to the day 3 different morphological forms were observed. The day 7 onward only rounded no flagellum (RNF=41-47%) and oval no flagellum (ONF= 53-59%) forms were present. Viability remained 96-98% during transformation. Bulk growth of the promastigotes for prolong (over a ...
Urooba Pervaiz1*, Madeeha Iqbal1 and Dawood Jan2
...ositive attitude towards extension recommendations, 93% farmers knew extension workers both by name and face and also knew extension recommendations, but they faced problems like small land holding, high prices of inputs, poor financial position and lack of labour in adoption of these recommendations. Half of the sample respondents reported satisfaction from different
Shazia Akhtar1, Abdul Samad1*, Afshan Gohar1, Muhammad Munir Shahid2, Muhammad Ishtiaq1, Arslan Sarwer1, Adnan Khan1 and Karam Ahad1
...izes on the launching of extension programs on pesticide alternatives. It is concluded that field workers in Swat Malakand, extensively uses pesticides and in spite of their awareness about pesticides effects their protective measures are very poor. The low level of awareness in the study area and the public health and environmental consequences resulting from the misuse of pesticides is alarming. Proper training is required to handle the pesticides for farmer...
Shahzad Khan1*, Inayatullah Jan1 and Syed Fahad Shah2
...e to non-availability of extension department and its trainings, illiterate and untrained tenants are involved in agricultural practices. The physical inputs and investment efforts lead to long term duration for the tenants which usually make interest of the landlord to offer the land on fixed tenancy contracts. Thus, tenants are unable to provide proper investments efforts to their plots. In order to fulfill the gap in sustainable agricultural practices, prop...
Muhammad Ramiz Murtaza1, Tahir Mehmood2*, Aziz Ahmad2 and Uzma Arshad Mughal3
...out intercropping. Agri. extension workers should inform mango growers to give up intercropping in order to get a higher yield. ...
Gulfam Hassan1*, Ijaz Ashraf2, Muhammad Qavi Irshad3, Shafiq-ur-Rehman Zia2 and Muhammad Idrees4
...nducted by public sector extension in peri-urban areas of Faisalabad, Pakistan. Two hundred and eight vegetable growers were interviewed using a validated and reliable interview schedule. Findings reveal that cooperation of training staff was ranked first followed by use of simple and familiar words during training sessions and provision of timely information in case of strengths of training programs. While looking into weaknesses of trainings, vegetable growe...
Sanaullah1*, Urooba Pervaiz1, Shahid Ali2, Mohammad Fayaz2 and Aftab Khan2
.... Results indicated that extension visits, involvement in agriculture, adoption of recommended farming practices, irrigation and HYVs had significant effect, while disease, fertilizer and pesticide had non-significant effect on maize yield. Nevertheless, adoption of recommended technologies were low due to some constraints in the study area out of which low income of the families and lack of required technical knowledge were of major concerns. The results of t...
Ejaz Ashraf1*, Anam Sarwar2, Muhammad Junaid1, Mirza B. Baig3, Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel4 and R. Kirby Barrick5
... in climate systems. The extension field staff was incompetent in dealing with the threats of climate change due to their lack of knowledge regarding climate change adaptation, mitigation and strategies and the deficiency of climate-related skills or competencies. The extension field staff exhibited a confident attitude towards training in the arena of climate change adaptation and mitigation to help close the gap between po...
Khalid Khan* and Guo Xiangyu
...ncy. In other words, the extension department of Balochistan should take a step to provide all the necessary training and consultation to the farmers to improve the technical efficiency of the rice producers in the district. ...
Arshad Farooq1*, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan2, Abdul Hassan1, Muhammad Ishaq3 and Asif Nawaz2
...act with the agriculture extension department reduces the knowledge gap of sugarcane recommended management practices. The results further show that the coefficient value of knowledge gap of district Mardan farmers is high than the farmers of district D.I. Khan research area. The study suggested that government should provide proper education facilities to the farming community for reducing illiteracy. Agricultural extension...
Abdus Salam* and Muhammad Zafarullah Khan
.../p>...
Ehsan-Ul-Haque1, Akbar Hayat1*, Muhammad Asim1, Sajjad Hussain2, Muhammad Shakeel Hanif3, Muhammad Zubair1, Muhammad Abdullah Jamil1 and Faheem Khadija1
...ifferent innovations for extension in storage period and shelf life. Various fungicides and salts are incorporated in wax to limit postharvest fruit decay and fungal attack. In the present study two salts were incorporated in commercial wax to control postharvest decay in Willow leaf mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) and Kinnow mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco). Sodium bicarbonate and Potassium sorbate incorporated (6% w/v concentration) in wax were used t...
Rafiullah Khan1, Sakhi Jan1*, Muhammad Amjad1, Saeed Badshah1, Sajjad Ahmad1
CRACK CLOSURE AND FIBRE BRIDGING CONTRIBUTION IN THE STRESS-RATIO EFFECT ON DELAMINATION GROWTH UNDER FATIGUE
...n after the delamination extension. The effect of fibre bridging was investigated by cutting the bridging fibres
during fatigue delamination. The fatigue test data was process using fracture mechanics principles. The delamination
growth rate in laminates was characterized using approach of strain energy release rate. The results of the experiments
of fatigue delamination growth with bridging fibres and un-bridged fibres have been compared ...
during fatigue delamination. The fatigue test data was process using fracture mechanics principles. The delamination
growth rate in laminates was characterized using approach of strain energy release rate. The results of the experiments
of fatigue delamination growth with bridging fibres and un-bridged fibres have been compared ...
Asif Nawaz1*, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan1, Rehmat Ullah1, Arshad Farooq2 and Abdul Hassan2
Assessment of Weed Management Competency of Field Assistants in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
...e competent in providing extension services to the farming community regarding weeds management. Thus, this study was conducted to assess the weeds management competency level of Field Assistants of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Agriculture Extension Department. Data from 234 randomly selected Field Assistants were collected through pre-tested and validated interview schedule to achieve study objectives. Results showed that highest ran...
Kemi F. Omotesho*, Adedamola V. Adetayo, Adeniyi F. Akinrinde and Deborah A. Olabode
Challenges to the Adoption of Agricultural Innovations: The Case of Yam Minisett Technology in Kwara State, Nigeria
... p<0.05, frequency of extension contact (β=0.209) and membership of farmer-groups (β=0.562) significantly influenced adoption. The study concluded by highlighting the determinants as well as challenges to the adoption of the technology. Recommendations include increase in the frequency of extension visit, adequate sensitisation and training, and provision of needed accompanying materials as measures to ensure th...
Hina Fatima1*, Sania Shaheen2, Lal Khan Almas3 and Sehrish Haroon4
Profit Efficiency among Transplanting and Direct Seeded Rice Producers (Case Study of Certain Rice Growing Areas of Province Punjab, Pakistan)
...age, farming experience, extension service facility and land tenancy considerably effects profit efficiency of rice producers. Therefore, the efficiency of rice farmers can be improved through increase in the number of educated people in farming system, and the enrichment of extension services in the rural areas....
Asif Nawaz*, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan, Rehmat Ullah, Khalid Nawab and Urooba Pervaiz
Investigation of Professional Competency Level and Training Needs of Field Assistants in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
...ext-align: justify;">The extension agents have significant contribution in providing effective extension services to the farming community. Therefore, it is vital for administration and management of the extension organizations to investigate competency level of their staff so that training can be provided to them for successful execution of extension ta...
Sajad Ali1*, Jangraiz Khan2, Arshadullah Jadoon3, Muhammad Riaz4 and Abid Khan1
Evaluation of Farmers Socioeconomic Characteristics Influencing Tomato Output in District Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
...e study area. Therefore, extension services and training should be fortified through extension agents for those farmers having no basic education for improving their skills and production of tomato, in turn it will contribute the demands of tomato at provincial and national level....
Shahzad Malik* and Ayesha Khan
Gap Analysis of Farmers’ Capacity Building by Public and Private Agriculture Extension Sectors in Central Plain Valley of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
... and private agriculture extension sectors. Three districts namely Peshawar, Mardan and Charsadda were selected purposively. In order to carry out the research, in the three districts of Peshawar, Mardan and Charsadda one tehsil was selected from each district i.e. Town-4 from Peshawar, Takhtbhai from Mardan and tehsil Charsadda from district Charsadda. Sample size for the present study was 270 respondents i.e. 90 respondents from each tehsil. Data were collec...
Olugbenga Omotayo Alabi1*, Ayoola Olugbenga Oladele2 and Ibrahim Maharazu3
Profitability Analysis and Marketing Efficiency of Soyabean (Glycine max) Value Chain among Actors in Abuja, Nigeria
...;0.01), and contact with extension agent (P <0.05). Problems or constraints facing marketers of soyabeans were: sales price instability, high cost of transportation, storage problems, lack of credit facilities, and bad road infrastructures. The retained components observed explained 93.24% of the variations in the component retained in the principal component model. The study recommends that marketers should develop new marketing strategies that will increa...
Dilshad Ahmad1* and Muhammad Afzal2
An Empirical Analysis of Economic Efficiency and Farm Size of Cotton Farmers
...l availability, adequate extension access and sowing cotton crop timely were significant socioeconomic factors that affect farmers efficiency level. Medium farm size cotton farmers were producing higher cotton yield and earning higher per acre gross profit (Rs. 18142.28) relatively to small (Rs. 15232.94) and large (Rs. 8231.349) farm size cotton farmers. There is a need for significant prolong state-based policy measures for provision of adequate and quality ...
Moazam Ali1, Wajid Ali2, Ayhan Ceyhan2 and Zeeshan Ahmad Bhutta3*
Pigmentation Genome Influence in Animals and Human Interventions in its Course of Action
...hormone receptor MC1R of extension (E) locus and ED allele determining the blackish coat color, a recessive e allele represented red coat color and the E+ wild-type allele give a variety of colors. Variation in pigment production can be predicted with mutations on genetic asset and production factors. The human desire of keeping variated colored animals advanced the genetic field as in many species (sheep, cattle, horses, camels, dogs, cats, pigs) new variants...
Nadeem Abbas Shah1*, Ejaz Ashraf1, Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel2, Zaheer ud Din Mirani3, Usman Rafique1 and Raees Abbas Shah4
Assessing Perceptions of the Households-heads Regarding Food Security Status in Drought-hit Areas of District Tharparkar, Sindh, Pakistan: A Case Study for Agricultural Extension
...to highlight the role of extension service delivery organizations in the area. District Tharparkar is the most vulnerable area in the country for food insecurity. Tharparkar has four tehsils such as Mithi, Diplo, Chachro and Nangerparkar. Out of four tehsils, one tehsil Mithi was selected purposively. A well- structured questionnaire and key informant interview guide were used for data collection. Collected data were analyzed by statistical package for social ...
Sajad Ali1*, Naeem Ur Rehman Khatak1, Iftikhar Ahmad2, Jangraiz Khan3 and Azra4
Impact of Socioeconomic Factors and farm Size on Wheat Productivity: A Case Study of District Peshawar, Pakistan
..., agriculture credit and extension services left them technically inefficient. In addition, it is suggested that government and private sector should initiate programs to educate and train the farmers in order to bring advance techniques or improve theirconventional agriculture practices to increase wheat productivity....
Muhammad Yaseen1*, Xu Shiwei2, Yu Wen2, Ejaz Ashraf1, Muhammad Luqman1, Muhammad Ameen3 and Sadia Hassan4
Farmers Behavior to Participate in Public Sector Agricultural Extension Services: Comparative Analysis of Pakistan and China
...blic sector agricultural extension services, by comparing the situations of two countries, Pakistan and China. The logistic regression model was used to study the influence of age, education, labor, farm area and villages on the household head’s participation in agricultural extension services/ activities organized by public sector department. For this purpose, a random sample of 160 households from four districts of P...
Mehnaz Safdar and Urooba Pervaiz*
Constraints in Accessing Agricultural Extension Services by Rural Women: Evidence from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
...ondents, while no female extension worker was available to be accessed for taking agricultural information. Only 14% respondents attended trainings. This situation is very alarming and shows negligence of extension department. These trainings were provided by various NGOs and private organizations. Those women who got trainings were more updated than those who did not attend or had no access to trainings. Chi-square analysis...
Syed Muhammad1*, Badar Naseem Siddiqui2, Farhat Ullah Khan1 and Nawab Khan3
Self-perceived Constraints of Extension Field Staff Affecting their Working Efficiency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
...linkages of agricultural extension with research wing and low social status. The Department of Agricultural Extension, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, is advised to adopt appropriate measures to address these constraints of EFS in order to enable them to efficiently deliver their services....
Sanaullah1*, Abdul Basit2 and Inayat Ullah3
Challenges and Prospects of Farm Mechanization in Pakistan: A Case Study of Rural Farmers in District Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
...ming experience (0.004), extension visits (0.009), access to credit (0.002) and access to agricultural machines (0.006) on farm mechanization adoption. The study emphasized that government may make agricultural mechanization and farming resources available and reachable to the farmers in order to persuade farmers in using them to maximize production, arrange awareness trainings and subsidize costly agricultural inputs....
Chibuzo Uzoma Izuogu1*, Robert Ugochukwu Onyeneke1, Loveday Chukwudi Njoku1, Gillian Chidozie Azuamairo1 and Mary Chikerenma Atasie2
Repositioning Nigeria’s Agricultural Extension System Towards Building Climate Change Resilience
... redefining agricultural extension practice in Nigeria in response to the challenges of climate change. We reviewed 58 articles from research databases that were in line with our inclusion criteria for adequate understanding of the current state of agricultural extension practice in Nigeria and climate change concerns. The review identified the effects of climate change on agricultural extension
Luka Anthony*, Olugbenga Omotayo Alabi, Elizabeth Samuel Ebukiba and Vandi Gamba
... facilities (P<0.05), extension services (P<0.01), price information (P<0.05), market information (P<0.01) and, marketing experience ((P<0.05). The value of Gini- Coefficient calculated was 0.91429. The observed inequality in income distribution among small-holder rural rice farmers was a reflection of inefficiency in the market structure for rice. The results of Double-Log Regression model revealed that quantity of rice output harvested was pos...
Raheel Saqib1*, Muhammad Luqman2, Saleem Ashraf3, Tahir Munir Butt4, Abdur Rehman5, Imtiaz Hussain6 and Muhammad Umer Mehmood2
...n family farming through extension activities to perform their activities effectively and efficiently. The major purpose of present study was to explore the constraints and potential benefits associated with family farming for livelihood improvement in the highlands of Pakistan.
...
Muhammad Yaseen1, Xu Shiwei2, Yu Wen2, Muhammad Luqman1*, Raheel Saqib3, Muhammad Ameen4, Sadia Hassan5 and Tahir Munir Butt6
...ormation sources such as extension field staff, fellow farmers, private sector, electronic media, print media, and information communication technologies (ICTs) gadgets to get the latest information necessary for agricultural productivity. This study aimed to explore the patterns of farmers to access and receive information from different sources. A well-structured and expert reviewed interview schedule was used to collect data from farmers from Huailai county...
Ahmad Abrar Khan* and Muhammad Idrees
...ntacts with agricultural extension and research. Moreover,proper use and availability of chemical fertilizers, FYM and irrigation, and timely use of insecticides/pesticides, healthy hoeing practices with the elimination of weeds.Access to micro-level credit by introducing in farm techniques of intercropping, proper division and allocation of lands suitable to stone fruits, vegetables, grain crops, and other cash crops and relaxation in criteria for the governm...
Manzoor Hussain Memon1, Khalid Khan2, Anjum Parvez3, Sarfaraz Ahmed Shaikh4, Khan Mir Khan2, Guo Xiangyu5*, Mohammad Nasrullah6 and Saima Liaqat7
... major impediment to the extension of the poultry industry in the district. The results of the study quantified that the commission agent obtain 37% of the abnormal profit which results in inflated consumer prices. At the same time none of the profit get invested back in the industry as producer keep struggling to meet financing requirements. Henceforth, to improve nutrient consumption of consumers steps are required to be taken to provide level playing field ...
Mohammad Tariq Aziz* and Ayesha Khan
...wledge about agriculture extension department. All the respondents have knowledge about ICTs in which mobile phone was owned by 42.8% respondents in the research area followed by TV (25%) and radio (17.0%) while respondents who have telephone was recorded as 15.2% as a ICT tool. In the research area 7.1% of the respondent avail information through TV program, 9.9% through radio broadcasts, 13.4% through mobile, 11.6% through internet, 14.3% through agriculture...
Chala Hailu Hussen and Fikiru Temesgen Geleta
...areness and frequency of extension contact positively affecting participation decision; however, obtaining training had a negative effect. Generally, farm household’s internal factors and external factors affecting cluster crop production. Therefore, intensive support for program implementation can be expected from the government by augmentation of stakeholder coordination to aspire to agribusiness growth....
Summara Abbasi* and Khalid Nawab
...wledge, accessibility of extension services, gender, credit access, farm size, farming experience, and crossbreeds’ availability had a positive association with dairy technology adoption, while age and market distance had a negative association. According to the study results, it is concluded that the adoption of technology depends on their socio-economic conditions. Hence, it is suggested that the administration should encourage a deliberate strategy in...
Mehnaz Safdar1, Urooba Pervaiz1* and Dawood Jan2
... technical knowledge and extension services, low family income, less access to farm inputs and inadequate income generating opportunities were the major constraints. Women farmers should be given easy and quick opportunity to open bank account, credit facilities and agriculture inputs and extension services....
Pukhtoon Yar1*, Salman Khan2, Du Ying1 and Muhammad Israr3
... farming practices, poor extension services, high prices of fertilizers, land insecurity, etc. The outcomes of this study showed that the successful completion of CPEC related projects in the energy sector and infrastructure development will boost the agricultural output, provide job opportunities and poverty eradication. ...
Rupinder Kaur1,2*, Pretty Bhalla3, Jubin Kumar Saini4 and Sayeeduzzafar Qazi5
... government agricultural extension officials, which is one of the most important components of the entire agricultural system. The purpose of this exploratory study is to fill this gap with the identification of potential work stressors for this profession. The paper also aims to investigate whether employment type (permanent or temporary) affects the level of role stress among agricultural extension officials. The role of ...
Sami Ullah1, Bernhard Brümmer2 and Umar Ijaz Ahmed1*
...: justify;">Agricultural extension programmes are the main source of disseminating technical information to farmers which enhance their skills and in turn farm productivity. Livestock sector in the main sub sector of agriculture in Pakistan that contributes nearly 60% to agricultural value addition. In this study, we investigated the effects of extension services on market oriented dairy farms’ technical efficiency in ...
Sana Javeid* and Khalid Nawab
...association of different extension services with poverty in district Bagh, Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJ&K). Primary data from 306 respondents were collected using multistage simple random sampling techniques. The data were collected using an interview schedule; analysis were carried out by using cross-tabulation, frequency counts, percentages through Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). To measure the poverty level of apple orchard growers, povert...
Khalid Mehmood1*, Abdul Rehman2 and Ammara Khan1
...ties to the farmers. The extension department may encourage the conventional farmers to adopt the improved varieties of groundnut through special training programs....
Saadu Mustapha1,2, Norsida Man1*, Jasmin Arif Shah1, Nitty Hirawaty Kamarulzaman1 and Ahmadu Abubakar Tafida3
...strong mechanisms in the extension service delivery is the connection between agricultural research, extension and the farmers. The evolving new model of agricultural production and the small number of extension agents question old ways of providing valuable knowledge to farmers. The goal was to define the respondents’ socioeconomic characteristics, classify the types of ICT tools ad...
Muhammad Yaseen1*, Muhammad Sallam Shahzad2, Farhat Ullah Khan2, Muhammad Luqman1, Usman Saleem3 and Shoaib Nasir4
...rs’ training as an extension method for promoting rice production technology was rated first. Weeds problems were ranked first among the problems faced by farmers for rice production. The data also showed that insect pests and disease problems were ranked the second problem. The study suggested that the public sector advisory services providers must address different hurdles hampering the successful development and execution of the latest rice production...
Ayesha Khan1*, Asmatullah2, Urooba Perviaz1, Khalid Nawab1 and Mahmood Iqbal1
...he EM-Bioaab solution by extension department. The extension department provided training to 96.1% farmers on formation of Extended-Bioaab from Basic-Bioaab. The results of t-test show a highly significant difference in use of fertilizer and number of irrigations before and after EM technology application as P≤0.01. On average tomato crop showed a decline of 2.151 bags ha-1, 2.103 bags ha-1 in whereas 1.00 bags ha-1declin...
Yaregal Tilahun1*, Benyam Tadesse1, Getachew Mekonnen2 and Tilahun Bekele3
...%), lack of training and extension service 90.3%), low productivity (88.1%), the occurrence of pest and disease (80.7%), climate change (80.7%), weak market linkage (88.1%), monopoly market (69.2%, output price fluctuation (88.9%), and lack of centralized processing facilities (80.7%) were the key restraints on tea out-growers production and selling activity in the research area. The Cobb Douglas model indicated that labor force, fertilizer, land size, and imp...
Arshad Farooq1, Abdul Hassan1, Muhammad Ishaq2, Asif Nawaz3*, Iltaf Ullah4 and Hidayatullah5
... education, agricultural extension department contact, and farm services centers membership had positive and substantial effect on knowledge level of farmers. Lack of improved knowledge, lack of financial power, irrigation problems and high cost of inputs were the most important problems faced by the farmers. Agricultural departments need to develop and disseminate climate smart recommended agricultural production technologies. The government and private organ...
Sajad Ali1*, Naeem Ur Rehman Khatak1, Shahab E. Saqib2 and Saleem ur Rehman1
...ral inputs, credits, and extension services. Furthermore, the study suggests, policies that should provide tenants with improved access to land and secure tenure be implemented....
Arshad Farooq1, Muhammad Ishaq2, Abdul Hassan1, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan3 and Asif Nawaz3*
...farmers and agricultural extension department. The agricultural advisory services provided through mobile phones have improved the knowledge level of farmers in crop varieties selection (84%), sowing time (79%), land preparation (82%), fertilizer application (83%), pesticides/insecticides application (79%), irrigation (76%) and weedicide (71%). Moreover, the knowledge level of beneficiary farmers also enhanced regarding post-harvest losses (57%), weather infor...
Oluwaseun Adetarami1*, Oluwatoyin Olagunju2, Babatunde Adebayo Oyebamiji1, Adegboyega Abel Odeyemi3 and Sina Basil Johnson4
...er Business School (FBS) extension approach on cocoa smallholder farmers in Ondo and Osun States of Nigeria. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select (160) respondents. The primary data were collected through structured questionnaire. For the data analysis, statistical tools such as budgeting technique and logitistic regression were used. Results of the budgeting technique showed that each farmer of the FBS approach had a mean profit of ₦ 81,134.65 w...
Muhammad Luqman1*, Adeel Mustafa1, Sheer Abbas2, Muhammad Yaseen1, Muhammad Umer Mehomood1 and Raheel Saqib3
...anagement/handling, paid extension services, and loan repayments. Almost 81% of the livestock farmers said that they only keep the health record of their livestock head. Above 50% of the farmers said that are unable to afford the veterinary services available. In the case of LDDD, LED and DVS, farmers said that they have assisted us. But the farmer organization and NGOs have not contributed a little in this regard. There should be pro-poor policies and reforms...
Ayesha Khan*, Zubair Ahmad Khan and Urooba Pervaiz
...he training needs of the extension agents, to identify weaknesses in training programs and find obstacles in the use of computer technology which hamper the proper execution of extension services in three selected districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP). Purposive sampling technique (sample taken on certain judgments about the population or researcher chooses who would be appropriate for the study) was employed to select three ...
Onwusiribe Ndubuisi Chigozirim*, Okpokiri Chibuzo Ikechukwu, Agu-Aguiyi Fortune Nneka and Oteh Ogbonnaya Ukeh
...es, as well as improving extension services’ capacity to educate farmers....
Shandana* and Ayesha Khan
...formation and advice and extension agents can effectively answer farmers’ abundant information needs. Thus, the present study was conducted to investigate the usage of ICT tools in agricultural extension services in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. For the study three districts (i.e. Swat, Haripur and Mardan) of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa were chosen and a total sample size of 400 respondents was selected. Data were collected through pre-t...
Ejaz Ul Haq, Urooba Pervaiz*, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan and Ayesha Khan
...getables and the role of extension workers in creating awareness among farming community regarding off-season vegetables. Data were collected from 60 sample respondents from three circles (Mattani, Peshawar and Tarnab) through pre-tested and well-structured interview schedule during February- March, 2020. The results showed that 48.3% farmers were motivated by extension staff towards tunnel technology, only 6.7% farmers got ...
Masixole Maswana, Thinawanga Joseph Mugwabana and Thobela Louis Tyasi*
...ill help donkey farmers, extension officers and researchers to understand the morphological variation among donkey breeds....
Hashem Saeed Murad1*, Salah Jassem Amin2, Rawa’a Muhammad Al-Chalabi3, Mahmood Khalaf Wasmi4 and Sundus Salim5
...ge level of agricultural extension workers in the Domain of climate change in Duhok Governorate Furthermore, the correlation of knowledge degree among the agricultural extension workers was determined based on the following independent variables: (age, gender, upbringing, academic qualification, specialization, duration of service in agricultural extension, training courses, and the use of...
Shaista Naz1*, Muhammad Arif2 and Akhtar Ali3
...tock rearing experience, extension contact, access to credit, age of the respondent, and farm income were the positive and significant ones. Concluding, the literature shows the considerable evidence of women’s participation in livestock management but the determinants were not fully explored in the developing countries. Moreover, the time allocation studies (quantification) on the subject matter were found scarce. It is therefore recommended that more e...
Abdul Hadi Wasil1,2*, Jasmin Arif Shah1, Nur Bahiah Mohamed Haris1, Sardar M. Hashimi3 and Khal Mohammad Ahmadzai4
...ds and limited access to extension services. This research provides indicators of organic and inorganic fertilizer use, as well as insights for policymakers to better consider the sustainable application of organic fertilizer and its adoption among farmers in order to achieve sustainable development....
Muhammad Humayun Kabir* and Md. Saiful Islam
...ter, a public or private extension service. In this context, the objectives of the study were to measure the degree of effectiveness of public and private extension services for the building capacity of the farmers and to make a comparison between public and private extension services regarding their effectiveness towards farmers’ capacity building. A multistage (both purposive and r...
Jihan Abd Wahab, Nur Bahiah Mohamed Haris* and Jasmin Arif Shah
...ated with performance of extension agent during the pandemic due to 1st MCO regulations. In addition, the performance before MCO was high in 2019, hence, the aim of this study is to determine the skills and work performance of extension agents in their Program Development Skills (planning, implementing, monitoring and evaluating - PIME). Specifically, this research intended to determine the level of PIME skills and their wor...
Hassan Raza1, Muhammad Kashif Afzal2, Muhammad Luqman1*, Tahir Munir Butt3, Muhammad Yaseen1 and Muhammad Umer Mehmood1
...evaluation. Agricultural extension department should arrange the training for different progressive farmers’ fields to develop an interest in updating their knowledge and analyzing their problems that will bring positive outcomes in olive production of Pakistan....
Syed Muhammad1*, Badar Naseem Siddiqui2, Farhat Ullah Khan1, Muhammad Adnan3, Sami Ullah3 and Nawab Khan4
...tent public agricultural extension field staff plays a vital role in increasing productivity by dissemination of modern agricultural production technology to the farmers. Main objective of the existing study was to understand the technical competencies possessed by public agricultural extension field workers (EFS) in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province of Pakistan.Data were collected through a validated and pre-tested struc...
Abdul Hassan1*, Arshad Farooq1, Muhammad Ishaq2, Ghulam Sadiq2 and Asif Nawaz3
... programs and inadequate extension services had loadings in institutional risk factors while financial risk factors were no financial support by input dealers and no capacity to provide inputs. Fluctuation in input prices and market competition in- or sells-off had loadings in market risk factor while factors of human risk had loadings on facing difficulties in finding labor and migration of family members. Production strategies factor were weather forecast fo...
Shakirat Bolatito Ibrahim1, Raheem Olatunji Aminu1,2*, Aisha Olushola Arowolo1 and Adams Sanusi Musa1
...on, cooperative society, extension visits, access to credit, remittances, and land ownership significantly influenced household dietary diversity status. In the logit model, age, household size, land ownership, cooperative society, extension visits, credit availability, land rights, and distance to medical centres are significantly correlated with food insecurity. Thus, policy strategies aimed at improving households’ ...
Hafiz Nawaz1*, Kashaf Nawaz2, Attiq ur Rehman1, Muhammad Bashir3, Mussera Hira2 and Mariyam Nawaz4
...institutes, agricultural extension agencies, and farmers must work together....
Muhammad Luqman1*, Muhammad Talha Shoaib1, Muhammad Yaseen1, Umair Safdar2 and Hassan Raza2
...mends public and private extension organizations should encourage adoption of biological control measures among farming community and regular training workshops should be organized regarding safe handling and application of pesticides....
Adnan I Khamis1, Jasim Mohammed Saleh2*, Najwa Ali3 and Anwer T Gaffoori2
... are shortcomings in the extension aspects represented in the absence of government extension programs for the development of agricultural projects, the extension apparatus’ neglect of the problems and technical needs facing projects, and weakness in education and culture. Extension services and agricultural research....
M.E. Shawky and A.M. Daoud.
...ucted to reduce mismatch extension rates and improve epidemiological cloning and sequencing Studies. When enzyme mixtures in the reaction were optimized. The best results were obtained with Tth and PFU polymerases at concentrations of 2.50-0.40, 2.50-0.50 and 2.50-0.60 units, respectively...
Munifah Siti Amira Yusuf1, Norsida Man2*, Nur Bahiah Mohamed Haris1, Ismi Arif Ismail3, Siaw Shin Yee1 and Tengku Halimatun Sa’adiah T Abu Bakar1,4
... 2010. Such agricultural extension programs may significantly affect the effectiveness of adopting urban agriculture practices, which eventually help the participants with better living standards and productivity. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of urban agriculture programs. Primary data was collected from 230 urban agriculture program participants registered under the DOA Malaysia. The data was analysed using the PLS-SEM analysis method with th...
