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Root Rot Disease Complex of Cotton: A Menace to Crop in Southern Punjab and its Mitigation through Antagonistic Fungi
Muhammad Arslan Khan1,*, Sajid Aleem Khan1, Imran-ul-haq1 and Rashad Waseem Khan2
Resource-Poor Farmers and Environmental Degradation in Pakistan: How Extension Can Help

Umair Talib1, Ijaz Ashraf2, Robert Agunga1 and Saleem Ashraf3* 

...tal degradation; explore mitigation strategies available for resource-poor farmers; and examine the implications for extension educations in Pakistan. The survey of 120 farmers was conducted in the Punjab Province of Pakistan, covering 36 districts and across three of the ten agro ecological zones of the country. Rice, cotton and mix-cropping are practiced in these zones. The findings show that maintaining soil fertility and controlling livestock diseases were...
Investigation of Characteristics of Hydrological Droughts in Indus Basin

Muhammad Shahzad Khattak1*, Amjad Khan1, Mahmood Alam Khan1, Waqas Ahmad2, Shafiq ur Rehman3, Mohammad Sharif4 and Sajjad Ahmad1 

...veral strategies for the mitigation of adverse impacts of droughts in the study region are recommended. 

...
Influence of Foliar Application of Osmoprotectants to Ameliorate Salt Stress in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

Sibgha Noreen*, Sumrina Faiz, Muhammad Salim Akhter, Kausar Hussain Shah 

...udy was aimed to examine mitigation effects of different osmoprotectants (salicylic acid, ascorbic acid, proline and their admixture) @ 200 mgL-1 on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) grown under saline environment (150 mM NaCl). The results showed that salinity stress (150 mM) resulted into significant decrease in biomass accumulation of sunflower up to 50%, while it was improved by 80% in control by the foliar application of osmoprotectants. Chlorophyll (Chl-a...
Selenium Supplementation Affects Vegetative and Yield Attributes to Escalate Drought Tolerance in Okra

Jawad Ali*, Ibad Ullah Jan and Hidayat Ullah 

...e development of drought mitigation in okra. 

...
Impact of Different Integrated Pest Management Modules on Pest Infestation, Pesticide Residue and Yield in Mango Fruits

Muhammad Asif Farooq1*, Muhammad Jalal Arif1, Muhammad Dildar Gogi1, Bilal Atta2 and Ahmad Nawaz1 

...es of pesticide residues mitigation in PRMM-4 followed by PRMM-3 (66.66%), PRMM-2 (33.33%) and PRMM-1 (25.00%). Similarly, the highest number of samples (41.66%) from PRMM-4 exceeded maximum residual limit (MRL) values of the Codex Alimentarius Commission while the lowest (16.66%) were observed in PRMM-1. In addition, all the modules showed a significant difference in pest population reduction of Bactrocera spp., Drosicha mangiferae and Idioscopus clypealis. A...
An Assessment of In-service Training Needs for Agricultural Extension Field Staff in the Scenario of Climate Change using Borich Needs Assessment Model

Ejaz Ashraf1*, Anam Sarwar2, Muhammad Junaid1, Mirza B. Baig3, Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel4 and R. Kirby Barrick5 

...imate change adaptation, mitigation and strategies and the deficiency of climate-related skills or competencies. The extension field staff exhibited a confident attitude towards training in the arena of climate change adaptation and mitigation to help close the gap between potential crop yield and average crop yield and to update the living standards of rural societies. Therefore, in-service and pre-service training sessions...

Behram Khan1, Amir Nawaz Khan2, Said Qasim3, Atta-ur Rahman4

ANALYSIS OF HUMAN PERCEPTIONS AND ADAPTATIONS TO FLASH FLOODS IN KHYBER AGENCY, FATA
...ad adopted various flood mitigation strategies to reduce the devastating impacts of flash floods. However, the resident had greater motivations and concern on socio-economic factors rather than adjustments to frequent flash flood.

...

Muhammad Kashif Khan1*, Muhammad Wasim Jan Khan2, Kaleem Ullah Jan Khan3, Muhammad Ishaq Khan4, Muhammad Faheem Jan Khan5 and Abdul Salam Lodhi6

 

Impacts of Construction Risk Attributes on Organizational Performance of Registered Construction Companies in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
...ification, analysis, and mitigation through various methods and techniques. The purpose of this study is to address the need of risk management practices in the construction industry of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan. The research work carried out with the involvement of 150 Pakistan Engineering Council (PEC) registered construction companies not only emphasizes on the crucial risk factors associated with construction projects but also insights into the im...

Salim Raza1*, Khan Gul Jadoon2, Sajjad Hussain1, Zahid ur Rehman1, Saira Sherin1 and Noor Muhammad1

Mitigation Plan for Identified Problems Faced by the Marble Industry in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
...nkhwa (KP), Pakistan and mitigation plan is proposed to overcome these problems with the aim to develop the marble mining sector for improved product quality and subsequent processing for efficient mining and export of marble according to international standards.

...

Chibuzo Uzoma Izuogu1*, Robert Ugochukwu Onyeneke1, Loveday Chukwudi Njoku1, Gillian Chidozie Azuamairo1 and Mary Chikerenma Atasie2

 

Repositioning Nigeria’s Agricultural Extension System Towards Building Climate Change Resilience
...on of the use indigenous mitigation strategies for climate change. The review recommends that essential strategies that must be in-cooperated in the extension service delivery in Nigeria should include adoption of new scenario thinking in communicating resilience building, establishment of emergency management unit by the agency, encouraging the involvement of the private sector in the extension service, transferring of research results on best affordable resi...
Apple Industry and Use of Pesticides in Jammu and Kashmir: Cost Involvement and Growers Willingness to Pay for its Mitigation
Arshad Bhat1*, Masudul H. Wani1, Shabir A. Wani2, Abid Qadir3, Iqra Qureshi4 and Abid Sultan2
 

Drought Stress Mitigation in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) through Physiological Enhancements

Safdar Hussain1, Muhammad Naeem Mushtaq5, Ali Bakhsh3, Muhammad Mudassar Maqbool1, Muhammad Sarwar1, Muhammad Jan4*, Muhammad Abdul Qayyum2 and Arif Husain2

Mitigation of Salinity Stress in Rice through Zinc Silicate Application

Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Noor-Us-Sabah1*, Ghulam Sarwar1, Muhammad Aftab2, Abdul Moeez1, Humaira Ramzan1, Mudassar Hafeez1, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Aneela Riaz3, Sher Muhammad4 and Muhammad Latif4

Climate Change Mitigation by Dietary Phytogenic Addition in Layer Hens: Some Re-productive Traits and Endocrine Hormones Responses

El-Kholy KH1, Tag El-Din H1, Tawfeek FA2, Sara HM Hassab1* 

Niacin Alleviates the Acidosis of Rumen Epithelial Cells Induced by Low pH Resulting from Volatile Fatty Acids

Mengxue Sun1, Yanjiao Li1,2, Zhen Gao1, Qinghua Qiu1,2*, Xianghui Zhao1,2, Lanjiao Xu1,2, Huan Liang1,2, Ke Pan, Mingren Qu and Kehui Ouyang1,2*

...nce for ruminal acidosis mitigation. Low-concentration niacin could relieve subacute ruminal acidosis, and it could be added after symptoms appear. However, niacin had a negative role in the protection of acute ruminal acidosis.

...
Comparative Potential of Different Modified Biochar Sources on the Ionic Composition of Soil and Stress Mitigation in Maize under Saline-Sodic Conditions

Muhammad Umair1,2, Muhammad Naeem1, Asad Jamil3 and Muhammad Younas2,4*

Technology Mitigation of Pigs Parasites Contamination Using Laleken and Free-Range Systems Applied by Highland Farmers

Trisiwi Wahyu Widayati1*, Aris Triyono Syahputra2, Andoyo Supriyantono1, Onesimus Yoku1, Deny Anjelus Iyai1, Priyo Sambodo1, Iriani Sumpe1 

Human-Black Bear (Ursus thibetanus) Conflict and its Mitigation Strategies at Siran and Kaghan Valleys of District Mansehra Pakistan

Ikram Ullah1, Zaib Ullah2*, Junaid Khan1, Sajid Mahmood1, Zafar Iqbal3 and Naveed Akhtar2

...licts and their possible mitigation at Siran and Kaghan valleys of District Mansehra, from April-2018 to April 2019. A total of 100 inhabitants of various occupations were interviewed and questionnaires were filled from 32 villages of both valleys. Agriculture crops destruction was documented as a common conflict issue (92%), followed by livestock predation (90%), and human casualties (85%). Maiz was frequently raided crop (50%) followed by fruits and vegetabl...
Exploring the Potential of Carbon Sequestration in Sub-Tropical Pine Forest Ecosystem: A Case Study in District Kurram, Pakistan

Jamshid Ali1,2, Sabeeqa Usman Malik1*, Muhammad Irfan Ashraf1, Jia Zhongkui2, Zuhair Husnain3 and Saeed Gulzar1 

...arios for climate change mitigation.

...
Construction and Characterization of purD Gene Deleted Brucella abortus

Muhammad Ilyas Riaz1, Masood Rabbani1*, Sohail Raza1, Ali Raza Awan2, Aleena Kokab1 and Iqra Nazir3

...osses therefore, disease mitigation and control measures are of pronounced significance. The two available vaccines of Brucella abortus in Pakistan, RB51, and S19 have many limitations in the light of residual virulence, induction of abortion, diagnostic interference, and human pathogenic potential. In this study, we have developed a Brucella abortus pUC19-K-UP-DN plasmid cassette for the construction of ΔpurD deleted mutant by deleting the purD gene whi...
Qualitative Risk Assessment of the Introduction of Trichinella spp. in Wild Boar Meat from Bengkulu to Java Island Through Bakauheni Port, Lampung

Jemi Diporianto1,4, Denny Widaya Lukman2*, Yusuf Ridwan3 

...t occur. Therefore, risk mitigation measures should be developed to reduce the risk of transmission of Trichinella spp.  

...
Strategizing to Mitigate Potential Herbicide Adoption Risks in Sub-Saharan Africa: Crop and Environment-Focused Assessment

Hillary M.O. Otieno1,2*

...portance of implementing mitigation strategies to ensure sustainable and responsible herbicide usage in the region.

...
Effect of Probiotic Bacillus coagulans on Performance and Blood Metabolites of Dairy Cows with Subclinical Mastitis

Sudeb Saha1,2*, Jay Prakash Ray3, Apurbo Kumar Mondal4, Md. Irtija Ahsan5, Marina Debnath6, Dilruba Afrin7, Syed Sayeem Uddin Ahmed5, Jayanta Datta Gupta3, Nivedita Datta8, Hugo O. Toledo-Alvarado9, Haruki Kitazawa1

...k composition apart from mitigation of the disease. A total of 20 subclinical mastitis cows were randomly assigned into four groups with various probiotic doses comprising T1 (15 g/d/cow), T2 (30 g/d/cow), T3 (45 g/d/cow) and control (without probiotic) in a trial of 60 days. All four groups received a total mixed diet. Cows’ body conditions and their bloods, milk yields and composition were investigated on the day of 0, 30 and 60. The results demonstrat...
Impact of Dietary Arginine Supplementation on Hemato-Biochmical, Histological, Antioxidant, and Immunity Variables of Geese under Heat Stress Condition in Egypt

Eman Said El-Hadad*, Hesham Ahmed Madian, Mahmoud A.E. Hassan, Mohamed Fahmy Saad, Abdelghany M. El-Shhat, Entesar Zakaria Eliraqy

...ons, antioxidant status, mitigation of heat stress, and improving performance in birds. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary L-arginine on hematology, protein and lipid profiles, renal, hepatic, and intestinal functions, antioxidant status, and immunity of heat stressed Egyptian geese. A total of 30 sexually mature ganders (local Egyptian male geese strain) with 10 months of age and 3.20±0.25 kg body weight was divided into three groups (1...
Risk Mitigation of E. coli O157 and its Intimin (eaeA) and Shiga Toxin (stx2) Gene Expression in Chilled Chicken Fillets Using Chitosan Nanoparticle Loaded with Lysozyme

Aalaa S. Saad1*, Amira A. Elokle2, Dalia Y. Youssef2, Neven M. Omara2, Samr Kassem3

Understanding the community’s perception of climate change and adaptations in the Mid Hills of Pakistan

LAILA SHAHZAD*1, ARIFA TAHIR2 & FAIZA SHARIF3

...y resilience can help in mitigation and adaptation at local level.

...
Potential Mitigation of Spirotetramat-Induced Reproductive Toxicity by Tribulus terrestris in Domestic Pigeons (Columba livia domestica)
Ali Bouzekri1,2*, Souheila Slimani1,2, Meryem Nassar1,2, Souad Zaaboub3 and Nora Sakhraoui1
Review on Potential of Poplar (Populus deltoides) Based Agroforestry for Economic Benefits and Climate Change Mitigation

Ali Nawaz, Qazi Bilal, Anwar Ali*, Nowsherwan Zarif, Faizan Ahmad, Asim Karim and Atif Majeed

...needs as well as climate mitigation and adaptation. The current study reviewed the social, economic and environmental significance of Eastern Cottonwood based agroforestry system. The current economic review of Populus deltoides shows that average net return and average net present value are 11121USD ha-1, INR. 793,579 ha-1 with benefit cost ratio of 2.45. The land expectation value and internal rate of return were found 9570USD ha-1 and 11121USD ha-1, with an...
Assessment of public awareness on climate change in urban community, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Maaha Malik1, Muzakir Shah2, Muhammad Naqash2, Mamoona Wali Muhammad2, Safdar Ali Shah2, Bushra Khan1, Sayyed Masoom Shah2, Zahid Mahmood2, Syed Talha Kamil2, Kamal Anwar2 and Faisal Khalid2
...d through adaptation and mitigation measures. The objectives of the study included the assessment of awareness regarding climate change in urban community and to determine measures for controlling climate change. The research survey was conducted based on hundred questionnaire including 25 questions ranging from demographic background of the participants to their level of awareness regarding climate change and the suggestions for measures to mitigate and adapt...
Assessment of Pinus gerardiana tree carbon stock in Chilgoza forest of Suleiman range, Pakistan
Pervez Manan1, Farhat Jabeen1 and Ahmad Zamir2
...orage and climate change mitigation, soil and flood protection, wildlife habitat, water recharge, watershed conservation and water flow regulation, fodder, etc) are still not accounted properly. Therefore, this study was conducted to ascertain the carbon stock of Pinus gerardiana at the landscape level. The study was conducted in Chilghoza Forest of Suleman Range. Systemic sampling approach was adopted. The circular plots with a radius of 17.84 (0.1 Ha ...
Water and watershed management of northern Pakistan
Syed Said Badshah Bukhari, Muhammad Yousaf Khan Syed Zakir Hussain Shah and Khalid Jan
...elopment, flood control, mitigation of energy crises, Job opportunities for the world largest youth force of the country.

Pakistan is situated in the watershed of Indus river having 154 million acre feet annual run off. The Indus river not only serves as the lifeline of the country's agriculture but also capable as power machine of Pakistan. Indus has provided the world's oldest and largest canal Irrigation system to the country coupled w...

Climate change trends over coniferous forests of Pakistan
Syed Said Badshah Bukhari and Ghulam Ali Bajwa
...iation of adaptation and mitigation action plans to combat impacts of climate change on coniferous forests.

Key words: Climate change, Temperature, Precipitation, Alpine, Sub-Alpine, Dry Temperate, Moist Temperate, Sub-Tropical Pine

...
Temporal temperature rise and its effects on other climatic factors in Peshawar-Pakistan
Syed Said Badshah Bukhari and Ghulam Ali Bajwa
...makers for adaptation of mitigation measures.

Key words: Climate change, temperature, rainfall, evaporation, wind

...
Estimation of carbon stock and sequestration potential in Riverine Forests of Sukkur, Sindh
Anwar Ali, Muhammad Ayaz Khan and Ayaz Khan Marwat
...ption for climate change mitigation. Forest carbon inventory in the riverine forests of Sukkur was conducted during January-March, 2018. Data was collected from 751 sample plots using a systematic random sampling technique. The total carbon stock in the study area is 303,110 tonnes. Out of this 81% is in the soil, 10% in aboveground biomass, 6% in belowground biomass and 3% in litter. Mean carbon density was estimated as 41.55 t/ha in the landscape. Mean above...
Melatonin-Mediated Induction of Salt Tolerance in Maize at Germination and Seedling Stage

Syed Saqlain Hussain1*, Muhammad Rasheed2, Zammurad Iqbal Ahmed2, Ghulam Jilani3, Muhammad Irfan4, Muhammad Kashif Aziz5, Fiaz Hussain1, Muhammad Akhlaq Mudassar1 and Zuhair Hasnain2

... involved in salt stress mitigation is still under inspection of plant scientists. For the purpose, this research was carried out and the effects of melatonin priming was searched out viz., hydro-priming (HP), 500, 1000 and1500 µM on seed germination and early seedling establishment of six maize genotypes viz., MMRI-Yellow, NCEV-1530-9, YH-1898, Composite, SB-9617 and FH-949 under salinity-induced stress. Seed priming with 1000µM melatonin efficien...
One Health and Emerging Infectious and Viral Diseases: Insights from Host-Pathogen Research

Muhammad Usman1, Hussain Abbas1, Riffat Maqsood1, Muhammad Awais Nadeem1, Abdul Hanan Shazal1, Ali Usman1, Amna Hameed2, Haram Shahid3, Zulqarnain Haider3, Muhammad Zain1, Muhammad Suleman1 and Muhammad Wasif Gulzar1*

...ctive EID management and mitigation require a One Health strategy that emphasises inter-disciplinary collaboration. However, this kind of One Health strategy must address certain ethical, legal, and socially and politically problems. EID events are made up of complex and conditioned sets of relationships that pertain to socioeconomic and social and political life. drivers and consequences, the latter of which go beyond the effects of the disease, according to ...

Hosts and Viruses

December

Vol.10, Pages 1-71

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