Oladipo Elijah Kolawole*, Oloke Julius Kola, Awoyelu Elukunbi Hilda, Olasunmibo Oluwatobi Gabriel, Ogunyale Tolulope Temitope
E-mail | koladipo2k3@ yahoo.co.uk
...rus commonly transmitted faecal-orally and through the transplacenta. Hepatitis E virus is one of the viruses that causes acute and self-limiting infection with a high risk of developing chronic hepatitis in immunocompromised individuals usually leading to liver cirrhosis. Individuals living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus have a greater risk to the virus due to their impaired immunity. The study was carried out to determine the sero- prevalence of Hepatitis...
Ikramul Haq1, Aneela Zameer Durrani*1, Muhammad Sarwar Khan1, Muhammad Hassan Mushtaq2, Imtiaz Ahmad3, Amjad Khan2 and Mehboob Ali1
...ia. During the study 294 faecal samples (horse n=217, mules n=23 and donkey n=54) were diagnosed positive for bacteria. The overall prevalence of diarrhea was 72.56% with bacteria in 65.77% of diarrheic cases. The prevalence of different bacterial species shows that E. coli was the most prevalent bacteria with 48.77% as compared to Clostridium perfringens (18.56%) and Salmonella (17.9%). It was concluded that bacteria were the major cause ...
Uzma Rafi*, Asmat, Muqaddes Niaz, Syeda Shazia Bokhari and Aisha Waheed Qurashi*
... and IM2 (Alkaligenes faecalis) were isolated from external surface and rectum portion of cockroach, respectively. Bacterial autoaggregation started increasing after 1 h of culture incubation and reached maximum after 4 h. Isolate CXA1 showed maximum (136 %) auto aggregation as compared to isolate IM2 (37 %) after 4 h. However, biofilm formation in the isolate IM2 was higher as compared to isolate CXA1 at non shaking conditions. The study showed m...
Adewumi Moses Olubusuyi1, Ogunsakin Temitope Rachael1, Ogunrombi Sefiu Babatunde1, Ojeamiren Iduda1, Olawole Alaba Samuel1, Faleye Temitope Oluwasegun Cephas1,2* and Adeniji Johnson Adekunle1,3
...l culture tubes in which faecal suspension from acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases were cultured. Samples analyzed were collected in 2017 as part of the AFP surveillance program in Nigeria and declared negative for enteroviruses because they did not produce CPE in RD and L20B cell lines. In all, 120 cell culture supernatants (60 each on RD and L20B cell lines) that emanated from 30 stool suspensions (2 samples per case) were analyzed as 60 pools (pooled per c...
Abdul Razzaq1*, Muhammad Islam2, Zahra Islam3, Zahida Fatima1, Munib Hussain4 and Farmanullah5,6
Shwe Yee Win1, Lat Lat Htun1, Myint Myint Hmoon1, Hla Myet Chel1, Yu Nandi Thaw1, Nyein Chan Soe1, Htet Lin Oo3 and Saw Bawm2*
...une 2019. A total of 200 faecal samples were randomly collected from village chickens. Centrifugal sugar floatation and sedimentation methods were carried out to detect the gastrointestinal parasites. The overall occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in village chickens was 60.5% (121/200). Six species of gastrointestinal parasites were observed as Capillaria spp. (30.0%, 60/200), Ascaridia galli (24%, 48/200), Eimeria spp. (20.5%, 41/200), Raillietina spp....
R. Yasmeen1*, S. Shaheen1, B.N. Khan2, S.S. Bokhari1, U. Rafi1 and A.W. Qurashi1
...ure and both biological (faecal, feed) and non-biological (water, soil) samples were collected. Soil was collected from different depths (6, 12, 18 inches) to study deposition patterns of metals. Samples were chemically digested and finally analysed by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometery (FAAS) for four heavy metals such as Pb, Cd, Zn and Cu. The results showed all the metals were in safe range in feed samples, a very negligible amount was present in water s...
Adewumi Olubusuyi Moses1,2*, Faleye Temitope Oluwasegun Cephas,1,3, Ope-Ewe Oludayo Oluwaseyi1, Ibitoye Ibipeju Henrietta1, Arowosaye Abiola Opeyemi1, Adelowo Oluwatosin Deji1 and Adeniji Johnson Adekunle1,2,4
...lign: justify;">Using 40 faecal samples from acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases collected in 2019, we examined how coupling Enterovirus (EV) isolation in RD and MCF-7 cell culture with direct detection from clinical sample might impact our ability to detect non-polio EV Species C (NPESC) members in stool samples. In all, 20% (8/40) of all the samples screened had NPESCs and 50% (8/16) of the EVs detected were NPESCs. However, the RD cell line missed all NPESC...
Amna Arshad Bajwa1, Saher Islam1, Muhmmad Imran1, Karman Ashraf2, Arman Khan1, Muhammad Farhan Khan3, Imran Rashid2, Muhammad Yasir Zahoor1, Waseem Ahmad Khan4 and Wasim Shehzad1*
...tion in Kala Bagh, using faecal samples as the DNA source. In our study, among 92 urial samples, 54 (58.69%) were identified as female samples, 34 (36.95%) were recognized as males while for remaining 4 (4.34%) samples there was no amplification, resulting in their gender not being able to be assessed. This non-invasive sampling technique accurately identifies gender and has importance in developing conservation application for Punjab urials as well as equall...
Maria Syafiqah Ghazali1, Azlan Che’ Amat2 and Nor Azlina Abdul Aziz1*
... in a Malaysian zoo. Ten faecal samples were collected from pumas (Puma concolor, n = 5), African lions (Panthera leo, n = 3), a spotted leopard (Panthera pardus, n = 1), and a black panther (Panthera onca, n = 1). All faecal samples were examined for parasite eggs, larvae, and oocysts by simple faecal floatation and formalin – ether sedimentation techniqu...
Uwem E. George1, Oluwadamilola A. Arowolo2, Oluseyi A. Olayinka3, Ijeoma M. Ifeorah4, Temitope O.C. Faleye3,5, Bolaji Oluremi6, Arthur O. Oragwa7, Ewean C. Omoruyi8, Emmanuel E. Udoh9, Oluwadamilola G. Osasona1,10, Emmanuel Donbraye11, Olufunke P. Adeniji12, Olubusuyi M. Adewumi3,13* and Johnson A. Adeniji3,13,14
...tuary were analyzed. All faecal samples were pooled, then resuspended in phosphate-buffered saline. Subsequently, nucleic acid was extracted from the suspension and Illumina sequencing performed. ARGs in the raw reads were determined and assembled using the KmerResistance tool v2.2. From the 2,763,954 reads generated, 14 ARGs with statistically significant reads were identified. Precisely, 90.5% (12/14) of the ARGs detected target drugs that inhibit translatio...
Ahmed Abdel-Rady1,2, Walaa Mostafa3*
...erent private farms, and faecal examination through direct smear and flotation techniques were done to determine the presence of the eggs. Out of these, 104 animals were infected with strongyle eggs with (26%) prevalence. Sex, season, and age were the factors that affect the prevalence of trichostrongyle infection in this study. Data analysis reported that there was a significant effect for the season and sex on the trichostrongyle infection level; the highest...
Mubashar Ahmad, Roheela Yasmeen*, Aisha Waheed Qurashi, Muhammad Hassan Ali Shah
...d the reliability of the faecal and urine samples for the determination of the stress levels in animals. A non-invasive technique was used to measure the cortisol levels. Urine and faecal samples of male and female blackbucks (Antilope cervicapra) were collected from Lahore Zoo, Safari Zoo and Jallo Zoo in winter and summer season to determine the stress levels. Both faecal and urine sampl...
Uzochukwu Ephraim Emeto, Chukwuemeka Calistus Okolo* and Nwakaego Ernestina Nweze
...o labeled containers for faecal floatation test and haematocrit determination. Gender and body condition scores (BCS) of horses were noted, while age groups and body weight were estimated by dentition and normogram methods respectively. The results showed that 89.9% [confidence interval (CI) 86.4%, 93.4%] of the horses harboured gastrointestinal endoparasites including strongyles (81.3%), Parascaris equorum (8.2%), Oxyuris equi (21.1%), Strongyloides westeri (...
Md. Enayet Kabir1, Md. Jahangir Alam1*, Md. Mosharaf Hossain2, Zannatul Ferdaushi3
...biochemical indices, and faecal bacteria of fattening cattle. A total of eighteen crossbred male cattle of 14-16 months were divided into three equal groups at random. Cattle in the control group (C) were offered ration containing 40% untreated rice straw, 20% green fodder, and 40% concentrate mixture (dry matter basis) fed separately as a conventional feeding system. Cattle in the other two treatment groups were fed TMR, where one fed TMR (TMR1) with control ...
Aiman Batool1, Muhammad Sohail Sajid1,2*, Hafiz Muhammad Rizwan3**, Asif Iqbal4, Imaad Rashid5, Ibadullah Jan6, Faiza Bano7, Fiaz Ahmad8, Waqas Ahmad1, Muhammad Nisar Khan1
Ochieng Onunga George*, Owuor Ndonga Millicent Florence, Mario Kollenberg
...inosa, K. pneumoniae, E. faecalis, and S. dysenteriae. Bacterial concentrations cfu/100ml of abattoir effluents ranged from 3.17 × 106 of TC. 3.94x104 of FC, 2.84x104 of E. faecalis, 8.65x104 of E. coli, and BOD of 828.04mg/l.Fungi isolated were., Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium spp, Aspergillus fumigatus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus flavus. Parasites isolated from samples of effluent and w...
Aulia Nurul Saputri, I Komang Gede Wiryawan, Dilla Mareistia Fassah*, Dewi Apri Astuti
...entified as Enterococcus faecalis which showed a potency as probiotic candidate. We conclude that Enterococcus faecalis is a potential probiotic that can be isolated from BSF larvae.
Keywords | 16S rRNA Gene; BSF Larvae; Chicken Manure; Lactic Acid Bacteria; Palm Kernel Meal
...
Nishim Bhusal1, Bhuwan Raj Bhatt2*, Saroj Shrestha3 and Arjun Chapagain4
...al. A total of 270 fresh faecal samples were collected purposively from the study area with different ages, sex, stage, and breeds for examination (sedimentation method) to visualize eggs of Fasciola microscopically. The obtained data were coded and analysed using Microsoft Excel 2016. The overall prevalence of fasciolosis in cattle was found to be 15.56%. Age and sex-wise prevalence was found to be statistically significant (P<0.05), while stage and breed-...
Md. Aminul Islam1*, SM Mostafizur Rahaman Sumon1, ANM Aminoor Rahman2, Fahima Khatun3
...g chamber. A total of 85 faecal samples from five different dairy farms were examined. The overall infection rate of helminths in dairy cows is 37.65%. A total of five different types of nematodes were observed in all the investigated dairy farms. The highest infection rate (11.76%) and the lowest infection rate (4.71%) was found for Neoascaris spp. (Toxocara spp.) and Fasciola spp., respectively. Hemonchus spp. were fully (100%) susceptible to Ivermectin, Fen...
SAEED AHMED*1, ZIA-UR-RAHMAN1, SALMA KHALID2, TARIQ KHAN1, ARSHAD IQBAL3
& ZAMARUD SHAH4
...s showed the presence of faecal contamination; especially coliform bacteria which is a risk for the health of local community. Salmonella spp. was detected in 7.42 % of water samples having range 1-20 CFU 100ml-1, while E.coli was detected in 91.4% of water samples having colonial population between 1-40 CFU/100ml. According to this study, 98 % of the water sources of study area did not meet the safe limits for drinking water of the country as well as the WHO ...
Muhammad Arshad Iqbal*, Aamir Ghafoor, Irfan Ahmad, Muhammad Ijaz
...ying hens with prolonged faecal shedding. C. perfringens cause necrotic enteritis (NE) which instigated extreme economic losses and usually occur in broiler chicken. Use of AGP in Poultry feed has several negative implications involving public health concerns and trade restrictions. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens has been investigated as potential probiotic. The study involves the evaluation of competitive exclusion ability of B. amyloliquefaciens against S. Enter...
Isatay Tusupovich Jakupov, Gulzhan Tursunovna Yeszhanova, Gulnur Kurbanalievna Mamytbekova*
...ted and St. pyogenes, E. faecalis, and E. coli were isolated. For the complex treatment of acute postpartum endometritis, the cows of the experimental groups were treated with the phytopreparation C. leucocladum. For comparison, the drug «Biometrosanit» was used in the treatment of cows of the control group. Phytopreparations of C. leucocladum were suppositories obtained from extracts for intrauterine administration, with 20% and 40% content of C. ...
Ramanathan Baluchamy* and Gnanamani Radhakrishnan
...soil through egestion of faecal pellets. In the present study, examined the interactions between soil fertility and millipedes occurrence in Alagar hills Reserve forest. Millipedes as detritivores significantly affect nutrient cycling through the redistribution of organic material and consequently, the release of biochemical elements such as N, P, K and calcium and reduce the level of carbon content and C/N ratio of the soil. Our field microcosm study included...
Ishtiaq Ahmed1*, Hamid Ullah2, Zubair Ali2, Muhammad Sohail2, Yasir Amin2 and Afrasyab1
...protocols as per regular faecal examination and awareness of farmers regarding husbandry practices may be implemented in the study area to boost the economy of the farmers....
Muhammad Ali Raza1*, Aneela Zameer Durrani2, Muhammad Muddassir Ali3, Tariq Usman4, Bilques Bano5, Nazia Rubab6, Syed Tasadak Mehdi7, Muhammad Wasim Iqbal8, Kumayl Hassan Akhtar9, Hira Hameed10
...ented 98.8% reduction in faecal egg count on day 21. The average decrease in mean larval count was 12.8, 97.97 and 95.9% by neem, levamisole and combination of levamisole, oxyclozanide and cobalt respectively on day 21. As a whole, the highest effect or highest reduction in mean larval count was delineated by group levamisole on day 21.
Novelty Statement | In vivo anthelmintic activity of Azadirachta ...
Nafissa Sahel1*, Fadela Chougrani2, Abderrahim Cheriguene3 and Zineb Hamani1
...rmos-tolerant coliforms, faecal streptococci, total yeasts and moulds. Whereas camel milk from El Bayadh was the least contaminated with total aerobic flora, psychrotrophic flora, total yeasts and moulds. All samples tested for pathogenicity were negative for pathogenic germs....
Mthi S. 1,2, Ikusika O.O.1*, Washaya S.3, Mpendulo C.T.1, Nowers C.B.2
...s measured weekly, while faecal samples were collected every fortnight. Faecal egg count was performed using the McMaster and modified Stoll methods, while body weight was measured using an electronic scale. Treatments had a significant difference (P<0.05) in the weight gain of lambs. Improvement in the average daily weight gain performance of lambs was also observed at 10% DME inclusion levels, followed by T1 (31.96&plus...
Safdar Abbas1, Jawaria Ali Khan1*, Syed Saleem Ahmed1 and Aftab Ahmed Anjum2
...y 2020 to June 2021, 200 faecal samples were collected from newborn cattle calves exhibiting symptoms of diarrhoea and dysentery. S&C Biotech Bovine Coronavirus Antigen Rapid Test Kits were used to screen samples, which were then subjected to RT-PCR for molecular characterization. For the haemato-biochemical analysis, blood was taken from calves infected with BCoV. A questionnaire was used to collect information about the risk factors associated with the o...
Namaat R Abdulla1*, Abdullah FA2, Ali Abd Kadhum3, Ghanyem HS4, Noor R Abdulla5
... A total of 120 milk and faecal samples were collected from 70 cow and 50 ewes to identify subclinical mastitis cases using The Modified White Side Test (MWST) and16S rDNA-based PCR. The results of MWST revealed that relatively higher prevalence (83%) of SCM was observed in cows followed by prevalence of SCM in ewes (76%). The difference between this two prevalence was not considered to be statistically significant (p >0.05). The highest prevalence of sligh...
Md. Gausur Rahman1*, S.M. Harun-Ur-Rashid1, Md. Golam Azam1, Md. Ahsan Habib2, Golapi Rani Devsharma1
... purpose, a total of 200 faecal samples were collected from various commercial Sonali farms and examined by direct smear method and floatation technique. Among the examined birds, 56 Sonali chickens (28.00%) were infected with gastrointestinal parasites including Ascaridia sp., Raillietina sp. and Eimeria sp. Among these parasites, Eimeria sp. (15.5%) was the most prevalent (P<0.001) parasite, followed by Ascaridia sp. (11.5%) and Raillietina sp. (1.00%), r...
