A. N. Naqvi and K. Fatima*
INCIDENCE OF LIVESTOCK DISEASES IN NOMAL AND NALTAR VALLEYS GILGIT, PAKISTAN
...eported in the area were digestive diseases, infections, mastitis, reproductive diseases, endoparasites, ectoparasites, wounds, hematuria, respiratory diseases, emaciation, hemorrhagic septic-emia, tumour, blue tongue, cow pox, enterotoxaemia, tetanus, paralysis and arthritis. In precise, endoparasites were found in 25.3% animals followed by respiratory diseases (24.74%). Most of the cattle (2053) and sheep (926) were found affected with endoparasites, whereas...
Jun Chen1, Shuai Shang2, Xiaoyang Wu1, Jiakuo Yan1, Huaming Zhong1, Huanxin Zhang2, Weilai Sha1, Wanchao Zhu1 and Honghai Zhang1,*
...om southern Africa has a digestive system that allows it to absorb and digest large amounts of plant material through microbial fermentation in the hindgut. So far, there has been no study of the gut microbiota of the cape oryx. Here, we provided the first description of the fecal bacterial populations of the cape oryx by using high-throughput Illumina sequencing technology. We analyzed 100,180 high-quality sequences of the 16S rRNA gene obtained from fecal sa...
Studies on amylase and lipase activity in fishes fed with diet containing different feed ingredients
Mirfa Murtaza1, Sajid Abdullah1, Wardah Hassan1*, Khalid Abbas1, Huma Naz1, Muhammad Anjum Zia2
Studies on amylase and lipase activity in fishes fed with diet containing different feed ingredients
...;"> The activity of digestive enzymes was determined in Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Catla catla and Cyprinus carpio fed
with different feed ingredients. There were two glass aquaria (3×2×2 ft) for each species and ten fish in each
aquarium. Fish in one aquarium were fed on rice polish and fish in second aquarium were fed on corn gluten @ 3 %
of their wet biomass for 70 days. Results showed that fish wet weight varied sign...
with different feed ingredients. There were two glass aquaria (3×2×2 ft) for each species and ten fish in each
aquarium. Fish in one aquarium were fed on rice polish and fish in second aquarium were fed on corn gluten @ 3 %
of their wet biomass for 70 days. Results showed that fish wet weight varied sign...
Yuyu Wang, Gangchun Xu*, Zhijuan Nie, Quanjie Li, Nailin Shao and Pao Xu*
... biochemical parameters, digestive enzymes activity and antioxidant status of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) reared in an in-pond raceway system (IPRS). Fish (initial average body weight: 35.68±2.12g) were randomly allotted to in-pond raceways (26.2m×5m×2.5m) stocked at two stocking densities (68 and 114 fish/m3, respectively). Fish were fed twice daily (08:00 and 17:00), and the daily ration feed was 4% of the bod...
Muhammad Naeem Khan* and Asad Jan
...nza, head ach, liver and digestive problems and healing of wounds. The aim of the study was to explore phytochemical constituents of methanolic crude extract (MCE) and various solvent fractions and in-vitro antimicrobial activities of whole plant of D. botrys. Qualitative phytochemical screening of MCE and solvent fractions of D. botrys showed the presence of alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and sterols, however in n-hexane fraction (HxF) only...
Parsa Riaz and Muhammad Naeem*
Digestive Enzymes Activity with Gut Morphometric Parameter of Carnivorous Fish Wallago attu (Siluridae, Siluriformes)
...on and levels of various digestive enzymes, such as lipases, proteases and amylases in the digestive tract of a wild, freshwater, carnivorous Wallago attu. Wallago attu is a fast growing catfish that belongs to family siluridae under the order siluriformes. It has good market demand as a food fish having high nutritional value, and high protein content in its flesh, Carnivorous in nature. Descriptive data of the studied trai...
Ayesha Alam1,* and Labeeb Ali2
...isorders, bronchiolitis, digestive tract disorders, pneumonia and conjunctivitis. Additionally, traces of COVID-19 were also found in sewage water sources in some countries like Italy bringing attention towards analysis of sewage water. Based on information from cited literature it is estimated that an individual handling sewage water have approximately 1% chance of becoming infected with virus. Treated sewage effluent and reuse of sewage water for recycle pur...
Ye Ge1, Chunmiao Zhao1, Weitian Xie2, Ying Liu2,* and Chunhou Xu1,*
...sly producing spores and digestive enzymes, we produced the protoplast as the parent strain of B. subtilis and Rhamnose lactobacillus and analyzed the production rate of spores, the ability to resist high temperature and hereditary stability. The results showed that RH-3 was a perfect protoplast from which 48 strains were obtained through regeneration, with a sporogenic rate of 69.1% and a colony number of 2.7×105 CFU/mL after an...
Jen-Hong Chu1, Ya-Wen Lan2, Shyn-Shin Sheen3 and Angela Chien3*
..., muscle composition and digestive enzyme of 0.28 g Laevistrombus canarium. Five semi-purified diets containing 0% (L0), 2% (L2), 4% (L4), 6% (L6), and 12% (L12) lipids were formulated. Each diet was randomly assigned to three replicate groups of L. canarium larvae. The final weight, weight gain percentage and specific growth rate of L. canarium larvae fed with diets L6 and L12 were significantly higher than those of larvae fed with diets ...
Asma Kaouachi1, Mohcen Menaa1*, Abderraouf Chouaib Rebbah2 and Mohamed Cherif Maazi1
...y using a combination of digestive-contents analysis (86 contents) and field observations (during the breeding season). We identified 16 plant species of which four were recorded through on-site observations and 12 species were collected from bird crops. The biomass contained in the alimentary tract showed that fruits dominated the bird diet but the proportion of food items varied among seasons reflecting their seasonal availability in the study area. The patt...
Zhengyi Fu1,2,3,4, Rui Yang2,3,4, Zhenhua Ma2,3,4*, Mingyang Han2,3,4 and Yifu Wang2,3,4
...arameters, histology and digestive enzymatic activity of barramundi (Lates calcarifer). Fish were fed ioso engery diets (18 kJ/g) with two types of non-protein energy sources in the experimental groups and a regular diet was used as the control. The feeding trial lasted for 56 days. Results from the present study indicate that, except for weight gain and feed intake, most growth parameters of fish were not significantly affected by the experimental diet...
Yonis Abukar Mohamed1, Shafii Abdullahi Mohamed1,2, Abdiaziz Idiris Mohamud1,3*, Abdiaziz Ahmed Mohamud1,3, Kassim Abdullahi Jimale1,2 and Said Ali Ibrahim2
...lems such as depression, digestive problems, respiratory problems, improper harnessing, ocular, hoof overgrowth and fracture, respectively. Additionally, 40.6% of the examined donkeys had varying degrees of lameness. 54.6% of the examined donkeys, were with either healed or active wounds (skin lesions), 17.4% scars, and 28.0% both skin lesions and scars. Moreover, dermatological diseases were also encountered, habronemiasis 59.1%, ectoparasite 35.7%, Sarcoid 5...
Shoaib Ahmed Pirzado1,2*, Wu Zhengke1, Adanan Purba1, Chen Jiang1, Huiyi Cai1, Chen Guilan1 and Guohua Liu1*
... retention of nutrients, digestive enzymes and bone mineralization....
Muhammad Ammar Dilawar1,2, Hong Seok Mun1, Myeong Gil Jeong1, Eun Ju Yang3, Hyeoung Seog Park4 and Chul Ju Yang1,2,*
...st and thigh meat yield, digestive organ weights and meat quality characteristics in broilers. A total of 210 broilers were divided into the following treatment groups: (i) control, (ii) T1 (0.05% 4 MA: 1 GT + 0.01% LM), (iii) T2 (0.05% 4 MA: 1 GT + 0.05% LM), (iv) T3 (0.05% 4 MA: 1 GT + 0.1% LM), (v) T4 (0.1% 4 MA: 1 GT + 0.01% LM), (vi) T5 (0.1% 4 MA: 1 GT + 0.05% LM) and (vii) T6 (0.1% 4 MA: 1 GT + 0.1% LM). Significantly improved weight gain (P<0.05) an...
Laiba Shafique1*, Mahroze Fatima2, Syed Zakir Hussain Shah3, Muhammad Afzal4, Huma Naz5, Saif ur Rehman1 and Qingyou Liu1*
... to determine intestinal digestive enzymes activity and bone mineralization of Ctenopharyngodon idella. Four type food were prepared by using formic acid (%) and vitamin D3 (IU/Kg) in experiment viz, FD1, FD2, FD3 and FD4, respectively. Fish fed with formic acid showed considerable increase in calcium, magnesium potassium, however vitamin D3considerably increase iron and manganese contents (µg/g) in the bones of C. idella. Amylase and protease activity w...
Momotaz Khanom*, Sheikh Mustafizur Rahman, Muhammad Yousuf Ali, Md. Shahin Parvez, Al-Hasan Antu, Md. Nazmul Ahsan
Barirah Rehman Talpur1, Zaheer Ahmed Nizamani1*, Imdad Hussain Leghari2, Mansoor Tariq1, Aisha Rehman3, Shahnawaz Kumbhar1
...es along with lesions in digestive system of broilers.
Keywords | Fluorosis, Rabbits, Broilers, Liver, Kidney
...
Hany M.R. Elsherif1, Ahmed Orabi2, Hussein M.A. Hassan3, Ahmed Samy3*
...e, immunological status, digestive parameters, and microbiota.
Keywords | Blood parameters, Broiler chicks, Gut health, Immune status, Organic acids salts, Productive performance
... 
Mehwish Saleem Khan* and Sumama Farooq
...ns of brain, eyes, ears, digestive tract, respiratory tract and urinary tract. It has become difficult to treat these infections as these microbes have become resistant to variety of antibiotics. Due to multidrug resistance only few choices are left to treat the bacterial infections....
Husmaini1*, Sabrina1, Firda Arlina1, Linda Suhartati1, Yozella Martilova2
...ng the microflora in the digestive tract when consumed in sufficient quantities. Purple sweet potato has high effectiveness against LAB growth, namely 10,771 (log10 cfu/g) with 85.34% resistance be used as a medium for LAB growth. This study aims to determine the effect of probiotics Lactococcus plantarum and Pediococcus pentasaceus using a purple sweet potato carrier on laying hen’s performance and egg quality. This study used 210 layers of medium-type...
Aulia Nurul Saputri, I Komang Gede Wiryawan, Dilla Mareistia Fassah*, Dewi Apri Astuti
...of LAB isolated from the digestive tract of black soldier fly (BSF) larvae on different substrates as probiotic candidates. The LAB from the digestive tract of BSF larvae in chicken manure and palm kernel meal substrates was isolated and taxonomically identified using the 16S rRNA sequence homology and molecular identification. The LAB isolates were also tested for antimicrobial and hemolysis activities. Five isolates from B...
Istna Mangisah1*, Heni Rizqiati2, Nyoman Suthama1
...
Maintaining a healthy digestive tract is important for poultry production. Intestinal microbial balance is beneficially influenced by either probiotics or prebiotics as well as their combination. This study aimed to investigate the feeding effect of Lactobacillus casei and dahlia tuber extract (LDTE) mixture on intestinal microbial, digestive and immune organs weights, nutrient digestibility, and productive performance of...
Müge Aliye Hekimoglu and Sırma Sönmez
...ay of the experiment for digestive enzymes (protease, lipase, amylase), weight and length, body colour and survival rate. The image analysis method was used to determine skin colour. The chemical analysis method was used to determine the activity of enzymes. The results showed that supplementation of 2000 mg/kg of dietary significantly increased weight, length and specific growth rate (P < 0.05). While no change in colour was observed in the control group a...
Ulvi Fitri Handayani1, Wizna2, Irfan Suliansyah3, Yose Rizal2, Maria Endo Mahata2*
...ption of lycopene in the digestive tract of laying hens. Lycopene is a compound in tomatoes and is known to inhibit cholesterol synthesis. Cholesterol in the body is transported in the blood by lipoproteins. Therefore, that is important to know the effect of giving processed tomatoes wastes (PTW) on laying hens to lipid profile of blood serum consist of cholesterol total, triglycerides, LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein), and HDL (High Density Lipoprotein). Two hun...
S.H.M. Faruk Siddiki1*, Md. Golam Morshed2, Md Robiul Karim1, Lutfun Naher1, Md. Sodrul Islam3
...ystemic states (20.12%), digestive disorders (18.55%), gyneco-obstetrical diseases (4.37%), and surgical cases (3.06%) were recorded as major clinical problems, with other diseases having a prevalence of less than 1% for each. Among the ten categories, the prevalence of parasitic diseases, infectious diseases, general systemic states, and digestive disorders was significantly (P < 0.001) higher. The diseases were signific...
Bambang Hartoyo1*, Tri Rachmanto Prihambodo1,2, Wahyuningsih3, Sri Rahayu1, Fransisca Maria Suhartati1, Muhamad Bata1, Efka Aris Rimbawanto1
...iota of lactobacillus on digestive tract of broilers. A database was built from previously published article from internet reporting lactobacillus as feed additives in broilers. Articles were strictly selected according to evaluation of title, abstract and parameter which used in the study. Database collected was statistically analyzed using the mixed model method with different study as random effect and level of lactobacillus as fixed effect using SAS progra...
Skenndri Safae1*, Charrat Nadia2, Jmiai Mehdi3, Nassik Saadia1
...on and the health of the digestive tract of the birds. The 18 farms were firstly categorized into three (3) groups according to their performances on a biosecurity level: P group for “poor” performances, D group for “decent” performances, and G group for “good” performances. Each farm was then sampled twice on day 11 and day 35 of the same production cycle. In order to evaluate the gut health of the broilers, we used a panel...
Chitra Kumalasari1,2, Lovita Adriani2*, Indrawati Yudha Asmara3, Nazri Nayan4
...ive tract, productivity, digestive system, and health of laying hens at an advanced age. This article attempts to provide a complete summary of the potential benefits of probiotics in prolonging the production cycle of late-phase laying hens based on existing literature. The research presented in this study offers pertinent insights and theoretical frameworks for enhancing productivity in aging hens, particularly for individuals engaged in small-scale farming....
Hung Phuc Nguyen1*, Doan Van Thuoc2*, Nguyen Thi Trung Thu1, Huong Tran Thi Mai3, Nguyen Tran Khanh Hoa1, Nguyen Thi Tuyet Nhi1, Nguyen Phuong Thao1, Tran Thi Loan2 and Nguyen Thi Huyen My2
... SR35D and SR50D reduced digestive enzyme activity, bile juice secretion, and nutrient ADCs. These parameters of the experimental fish were markedly improved by feeding with FSR35D and FSR50D, and no statistical differences were observed between FSR35D- and FMD-fed fish. The results of the current study indicated that SR interfered with digestive enzyme activity, bile juice secretion, nutrient ADCs, and growth and feed perfo...
Yuyu Wang1,2, Mingzhu Li 3,4, Gang Lin4, Xiaohua Guo5, Aihua Sun5, Hao Dong5, Qinghui Ai1,* and Kangsen Mai1,*
...chytrium meal on growth, digestive enzymes activities and fatty acid composition of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L.) larvae. Four isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated to contain 0 (S0, control diet), 50 (S5), 100 (S10) and 150 (S15) g kg−1 Schizochytrium meal. Fish (initial body weight, 0.06 g) were randomly allotted to 12 square fiberglass tanks. Fish were fed 5 times daily (7:00, 10:00, 14:00, 17:00 and 21:00) for 28 days. No significant...
Swagata Das Gupta1, Majharul Islam1, Towhida Kamal2,Md. Rayhan Faruque3,Md. Shohel Al Faruk4*
... the esophagus and upper digestive tract in pigeons.A common case of pigeon cankers was diagnosed in two pigeons 40 days of age who came to S.A. Quaderi Teaching Veterinary Hospital, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (CVASU).Clinical history indicated that the birds were taking both food and water from the same source, clinical investigations showed greenish diarrhea, and post-mortem studies revealed hepatomegaly, congested heart, ...
Ummul Firmani1,3, Rahmi Nurdiani2, Arning Wilujeng Ekawati2 and Happy Nursyam2*
...entify bacteria from the digestive tract of milkfish (Chanos chanos Forskal) and investigate their potential as probiotic candidates. Bacteria were isolated from the digestive tract of milkfish and identified using PCR technique and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The probiotic potency was determined using amylolytic assay, synergistic activity, hemolytic activity, and antagonistic activity. The results showed that there were seve...
Hemeida, A. A., Osman, M., El-Shahat, Mohamed, Hashem, Medhat H., Mahmoud, Amal and Dahi, Hosni
Abou zead, A.A., Ali, A.A.H.*and Abd El Hkeem M.M.
...nd suffering mainly from digestive disorders. Mortality rate, as well as the characteristic clinical signs, , post mortem lesions and histopathological changes were recorded. Serosurvey of 80 serum samples revealed 5 (6.25%) positive for the presence of IBDV precipitating antibodies. 3 out 12 pooled bursae (25%) were positive to the presence of IBDV precipitinogen. Trials for virus isolation on the CAM of chicken embryos revealed the isolation of 3 IBD vi...
Divanildo Outor-Monteiro1,2,3*, José António Silva2,3,4, José Luís Mourão1,2,3, Victor Pinheiro1,2,3
... cages displayed reduced digestive organ development, decreased caecal acetic acid and increased butyric acid concentration, compared to their counterparts. When comparing slaughter ages, the 84-day-old rabbits exhibited higher dressing out percentages, lower relative organ weights (liver, kidney, lung and heart), decreased hind part proportions and lower cooking loss values. Furthermore, the hind legs of these rabbits had a greater proportion of muscle and le...
Nguyen Binh Truong1,3*, Nguyen Ba Trung1,3, Nguyen Thi Bich Hạnh2,3
...ght gain was the same as digestive CP in the present study. It was 552 g for NDF43 treatment and 517 g for NDF55 treatment. Therefore, the levels of NDF well for Charolais crossbred cattle in this study from high to low were 43, 47, 51 and 55%. The likely benefit of 51% NDF will be an increase in the utilization of fibrous roughage and daily weight gain from 9 to 12 months of age in the Charolais crossbred cattle diet.
Keywords |...
Jacob Situmeang1, Lovita Adriani1*, Deny Saefulhadjar1, Safri Ishmayana2
...vity, which can increase digestive tract enzymes in laying hens. In this study, it is hoped that probiotics can increase protein levels and reduce lipid and cholesterol levels in chicken egg yolks. This study aims to determine the activity of the protease and lipase enzymes from yogurt and the effect and level of use of probiotic powder, which can increase protein and reduce lipid and cholesterol levels in chicken egg yolks. The study was conducted using a com...
Iqra Munir*, Farrah Iftikhar, Hira Fatima, Sunbal Khalil Chaudhari and Roha Ramash
... 60% plants used to cure digestive diseases, diarrhea, cancer, inflammation, stomachache and dysentery. About 30% plants used to cure cardiovascular diseases and ulcers. The purpose of this study is to recognize wild plants gathered for medicinal purposes by the local residents of Mandi Bahauddin and to document the common names and therapeutic uses associated with these plants....
Manar Neamah Al-Shreefy*, Suhaib A.H. Al-Taai
...ac-like structure of the digestive system with a weight of 1.13±0.05 gm, a length of 2.76±0.04 cm, and a capacity of 2.57±0.08 ml. The stomach lacks an outward demarcation-limiting ridge between its divisions and appears relatively lobulated. This age was characterized by longitudinal and translational folds along the entire inner surface. Histologically, both organs were composed of the same four basic layers. Due to some of its distinct ...
Putri Islamiati1, Muhammad Fathin Hanif2, Joko Sujiwo1,3, Adi Nugroho4, Bambang Ariyadi1*
...ormance, carcass traits, digestive organs, blood hematology, and intestinal histomorphology of broilers. A total of 240-day-old male New Lohmann broilers were randomly assigned to two treatments: ad libitum feeding (AF) and restriction feeding (RF). Restricted feeding is carried out by fasting method once a week after the brooding period at 10, 17, 24, and 31 d. Each treatment was replicated in 15 groups (each replicate consisted of 8 broilers). Data collected...
Khayreia Kadhim Habib*, Masarat S. Al-Mayahi
... 12 mature camels’ digestive systems were used in this investigation. General histological staining including used periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), PAS and alcian blue, and Crossman stains were used. Through microscopic examination, we discovered that the length of the mucosal folds (villi) decreases from the jejunum to the ileum. The camel jejunum and ileum anatomy revealed mucin distribution throughout the gastrointestinal tract. ...
Tariq Zaman1*, Fawad Khan2, Sajjad Ahmad2*, Alia Mehsud2, Atta Ur Rahman3, Muskaan Zaman2 and Sumaira Noor2
...es that helped alleviate digestive problems was 12 (58.57%) of the total, followed by intestinal problems with 8 species (19.04%), abdominal pain with 7 species (16.66%). Different quantitative indices like Use Value (UV), Relative Frequency Citation (RFC) and Family Important Value (FIV), were used to find out comparative signficiance of plant species. The species with high Used Value were Mentha longifolia 0.93, Coronopus didymus 0.90, Sonchus asper 0.89. Ca...
Istna Mangisah*, Lilik Krismiyanto, Vitus Dwi Yunianto Budi Ismadi, Mulyono Mulyono, Nyoman Suthama, Fajar Wahyono
...ions (LAB and coliform), digestive organs, blood lipid profile (cholesterol levels, low density lipoprotein/LDL, high density lipoprotein/HDL and triglycerides) and duck performance. Data were processed with the SPSS version 22 using analysis of variance and Duncan’s multiple area test at a significance level of 5%. The results showed that the addition of ALM to Tegal duck feed had a significant effect (p<0.05) on coliform, blood cholesterol and LDL l...
Hui-juan Yan1, Wei Wang2,*, Jian-qiu Yu1, Jun Yi2, Li-li Niu1, Hong-wei Chen1, Yu Qu1, Yang Pu 1, Ang Chen1, Yan Zhong1, Wei-gang Chen1 and Xing-ming Yu1
...ortant for understanding digestive physiology in mammals. The hog deer (Axis porcinus) is a small mammal at high risk of extinction in the wild. In the present study, we sequenced the V4 region of 16S rRNA gene and compared the gut microbiota composition among three ages of captive hog deer, including one infant (Z1, six months old), three young (Z2, ten months old) and 12 adult (Z3, 4-5 years old). A total of 26 phyla (15, 22 and 25 in Z1, Z2 and Z3) and 310 ...
Desak Putu Mas Ari Candrawati*, I Gede Mahardika, I Gusti Nyoman Gde Bidura, Ni Wayan Siti
...(PPS) in broiler’s digestive tract is effective in improving nutrient absorption and broilers health. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate synbiotic effect of PPS in broilers diets on performance, blood lipid profiles, and pathogenic bacteria in intestines. Synbiotic comprised a combination of prebiotics Moringa oleifera leaves and probiotics yeast culture in a ratio of 1:1 (g/g). The results of in vitro analysis contained probiotics Saccharomyces spp...
Ayub Khawar1, Noor Khan1*, Khalid Javed Iqbal2, Mahroze Fatima1, Fayyaz Rasool3, Khalid Mahmood Anjum4, Hamda Azmat1, Shahid Sherzada1, Anjum Khalique5, Sadia Nazir1, Sheeza Bano1, Sakhawat Ali6 and Muhammad Asghar1
...owth, gut microflora and digestive enzymes of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Fish were fed to 3% wet body weight per day with experimental diets having 0% (CTRL), 0.7% (T1), 1.4% (T2) and 2.1% (T3) urea, with each group having two replicate tanks. Fish fed on 2.1% urea treated sugarcane bagasse (T3) showed significantly (P<0.05) higher growth as compared to T2, T1 and CTRL. The feed conversion ratio and specific growth rate were also significantly hi...
Fahmida Manin1*, Yusrizal1, Mairizal1, Lovita Adriani2, Andi Mushawwir2
... bacteria (LAB) from the digestive tract of geese with a bacterial count of 1010–1011 cfu/mL. The purpose of this study was to determine the best combination of probiotics and phytobiotics with improved performance, the ability to reduce the cases of intestinal dysbiosis, lower cholesterol and saturated fat with an increase in unsaturated fat in broiler meat. The treatments were T0 = without Probio_FM and phytobiotics, T1 = Probio_FM + Curcuma longa, T2 ...
Rico Anggriawan1*, Widya Paramita Lokapirnasari2, Sri Hidanah3, Muhammad Anam Al Arif4, Diyah Ayu Candra5
...al infections that cause digestive and respiratory disorders. The chicken farming industry, especially broiler chickens, often uses antibiotics to cure bacterial infections and secondary infections caused by bacteria. One of the microorganisms that cause digestive and respiratory diseases in broiler chickens is the bacteria. Treatment of bacterial infections with antibiotics is increasing every year. Broiler chickens infecte...
Nahed Yehia1*, Rania I. Mohamed2
...fect the respiratory and digestive systems; they also affect the heart, liver pancreas, and proventriculus. Also, the spleen showed severe lymphoid depletion and necrosis causing immunosuppression. Regular virus monitoring and study of the pathogenicity is necessary for better control of virus infection.
Keywords: H9N2, Genetic evolution, Pathogenicity, Histopathology, Avian influenza
...
Rand Kamil Abbas, Zahra Sadoon Hadi*, Ahmad Hassan Sahib
...gic lesions in the upper digestive system, starting from the oral cavity, and also present in the liver. Histopathologically, there was an infiltration of large number of mononuclear inflammatory cells in the tracheal mucosa. Sinusoidal congestion and Kupffer cell hyperplasia were seen in the liver. Taken together, our finding articulates that garlic (200 mg/kg) offers natural, cheaper and potent antitrichomonal therapy. ...
Jaafar Haider Abd Alrudah1, Nada Fadhil Abbas2*, Farah Ali Hadi1, Haider Tuma Kaab3
...fection spreading to the digestive system because the infection specifically targets the crop in birds. Therefore, this study aimed to prepare an attenuated antigen that had previously been tested on mice. We aim to apply the approach for the first time on a group of Pigeons to stimulate an immune response represented by the levels of antibodies in the pigeons’ serum. Candida albicans was isolated from birds infected with Candidiasis using CHROMagar...
Rico Anggriawan1,2*, Widya Paramita Lokapirnasari1, Sri Hidanah1, Muhammad Anam Al Arif1, Diyah Ayu Candra2
...thogenic bacteria in the digestive tract and can leave residues in tissues, probiotics enhance digestive health. They adhere to and form colonies on the intestinal epithelium, thereby minimizing the attachment and replication of pathogenic bacteria. In conclusion, probiotic microorganisms produce enzymes such as lipase, amylase, and protease, which facilitate digestion and improve metabolic processes and nutrient absorption....
Tuti Widjastuti*, Wiwin Tanwiriah, Eka Wulandari, Sekarupa Rengganis Nusantara
...o improve digestibility, digestive enzyme activity, and hematological indicators in Sentul chickens (SC). This study involved a 14-week-old female chicken that was maintained in cages until it reached 24 weeks of age. We employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of five different treatments and four replications, with each replication including two chickens. The addition of MFNE products at a concentration of 225 mg/kg to the feed positively inf...
