Tanzeela Riaz1, Farah Rauf Shakoori2* and Syed Shahid Ali3
...ses, carboxyl esterases, choline esterases, acetylcholine esterases and aryl esterases were determined in 4th & 6th instar larvae and adult beetles of phosphine-tolerant populations (previously exposed to phosphine for 15 years) of wheat grain pest, Trogoderma granarium collected from various storage facilities of Punjab, Pakistan viz., Mandi Bahauddin-I, Mandi Bahauddin-II, Gujrat, Gu...
Maryum Fakhar, Iqra Jabbar, Anjum Nasim Sabri*
...roline, glycine betaine, choline and other osmolytes under NaCl stress. On the basis of those results it is hypothesized that this osmolyte production ability may help them in nickel resistance under Ni salt stress. This study was centered on assessing the adherence, motility, hydrophobicity, aggregation and biofilm formation of two salt tolerant strains [Bacillus subtilis and Halomonas aquamarina (1)] in the presence of nickel. Two concentrations of nickel we...
Amtul Jamil Sami1,*, Sehrish Bilal1, Madeeha Khalid1, Muhammad Tahir Nazir1 and A.R. Shakoori2
...saponins on insect acetylcholinesterase (AChEs). The enzyme activities were tested for the effect of saponins. The AChE activity of T. castaneum was inhibited by the saponins and follows competitive inhibition kinetics. In case of A. mellifera enzyme activity was not inhibited. In vitro and in vivo inhibition was observed for T. castaneum at larval stages, in dose dependent and time dependent manner. LC50 was determine...
Syeda Madiha, Zehra Batool, Saiqa Tabassum, Laraib Liaquat, Sadia Sadir, Tahira Perveen and Saida Haider*
...red the dopaminergic and cholinergic functions. We conclude that curcumin prevent against toxic effect of rotenone and can be beneficial against different neurodegenerative diseases.
...
Ambrina Hafiz1, Tanzeela Riaz2 and Farah Rauf Shakoori1,*
...es like total esterases, cholinesterase, acetylcholinesterase, arylesterase and carboxylesterase in 4th, 6th instar larvae and adult beetles of deltamethrin-resistant populations’ viz., Gujranwala, Okara and D.G. Khan was significantly increased as compared to susceptible population of T. granarium (population never exposed to any kind of insecticide/fumigant since 2001). Different d...
Naila Riaz1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir2, Muhammad Khalid Mukhtar1, Ali Hassan2, Shaukat Ali2, Shafaat Yar Khan1
.... The toxicity and acetylcholinesterase activity of selected venom fractions were determined using of Musca domestica adults. Only one fraction (out of 7) from H. tamulus venom and one fraction (out of 5) of A. finitimus venom were selected on the basis of their maximum yield. The approximate molecular weights of these selected venom fractions were determined by SDS Gel electrophoresis. The molecular weight of venom fractions of H. tamu...
Anum Feroz1, Abdul Rauf Shakoori2 and Farah Rauf Shakoori1*
...ties of total esterases, cholinesterase and carboxylesterase increased significantly in both the 4th and 6th instar larvae of Lab-S and GUW populations when compared with their respective controls. Acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity was significantly decreased (28.94 and 42.42%) in the 4th instar larvae of Lab-S population after treatments with bifenthrin and bifenthrin: chlorpyrifos combin...
Miloudi Hilali1*, Hanae El Monfalouti1, Larbi El Hammari2, Farid Amar3, Zakaria Mennane4, Malika Haddam5, Nadia Maata6 and Badr Eddine Kartah1
...e tree of the Moroccan Picholine variety selected, the olives were harvested at different stages of maturity from the same tree in October, November and December 2020, the extraction was made by mechanical cold pressing. After extracting the olive oil, the physico-chemical analysis such as acidity, humidity, fatty acids and sterols was assayed. The results obtained the sample which extracted in the month of december contains a higher percentage of β-sitos...
Fulencio Ferretiz-Rodríguez1, Jose Alejandro Roque-Jiménez1, Héctor A. Lee-Rangel1*, Gregorio Alvarez-Fuentes1, Juan Carlos Garcia-Lopez1, Rolando Rojo-Rubio2
...tures with conjugates of choline and methionine have improved milk yield in dairy cattle. An experiment was conducted to evaluate two herbal formulas as sources of choline and methionine on dairy cows production and metabolites change. Thirty-two Holstein cows (Body Condition Score 3.01 ± 0.16) fed a basal diet, were randomly assigned to one of four treatments: Control diet, Biocholine<...
Shuhuan Li1*, Yongheng Bo2, Youzhi Li3 and Xiuzhen Yang2
...ify;">Atropine is an anticholinergic drug from natural plants, and has been widely used in the clinical applications of animals and humans. However, in livestock production, excessive or improper use of atropine will lead to atropine residues in meat. When people eat animal meat from these sources, it will pose a potential threat to human health. Thus, in production practice, atropine residues in meat are usually determined quantitatively. In this study, high ...
Abdul Majid1*, Farah Naz1, Nasrullah Laghari1, Sanaullah Abbasi1, Sham Lal2 and Safdar Ujjan3
...m dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) through rehydration method. CDS identified that secondary structure was maintained in saline phosphate buffer (PBS) pH (6.4, 7.4 and 8.0), similar to that of water. Temperature based experiments depicted the resistance due to changes in the secondary structural conformation up to 50 °C, however such resistance was reversible after the cooling to 20 °C. In both solvents (PBS and water) lysozyme was predominantly f...
Emtiaz Ibrahim Ghoniem, Gaber Mamdouh Abdelgalil, Amira Farouk Gad* and El-Sayed Hassan Eshra
...vivo evaluation of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities in T. pisana intoxicated with two sublethal doses of CuSO4 (0.25 and 0.5 of LD50) after 24, 48 and 72 h were examined. The results indicated that the LD50 values of CuSO4 were 166.5, 92.59 and 70.63 µg/g b.w for 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. The biochemical effects of CuSO4 led to a significant increm...
Subramaniyam Suresh, Saravanakumar Marimuthu*, Prashanth D’Souza
...al replacer of synthetic choline chloride) on milk production, milk quality and biochemical parameters. A total of 35 (15 nos. – control group and 20 nos. – PTF group) early lactating dairy cows weighing average of 450 kg were randomly distributed to two groups viz G1 (control) and G2 (supplemented with PTF) based on average milk yield. The freshly prepared mixture of PTF (40 g/cow/day) in concentrate feed and water was fed to the dairy cows for fo...
Galuh Chandra Agustina1*, Erwin Syahfitri1, Viski Fitri Hendrawan1, Siska Aditya1,2
...tively inhibit the acetylcholinesterase, resulting cell apoptosis and hormonal disruption of the reproductive system. The major of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of black cumin seeds as antioxidants on the expression of caspase-3 and sertoli cells in spermatogenesis. A total of 20 male mouses were divided into five groups, K- (negative control, no treatment), K+ (positive control, 40 mg diazinon/kg BW); P1 (40 mg diazinon/kg BW + 200 mg black c...
Saad Zaghlou El-Damrawy1, Reda Ali Hassan2*, Ahmed Maher Bakhaty1, Adel M. Nasr2, El-Sayed A. Abu El-Hassan2
...) NC + 400 mg/kg diet of choline, (4) Positive control (PC) containing 1 mg AFB1/kg diet, (5) PC + 600 mg/kg diet of silymarin and (6) PC + 400 mg/kg diet of choline. The findings show that the AFB1-treated chicks’ growth characteristics dramatically decreased. While total antioxidant capacity (TAC) dropped as a result of AFB1, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), uric acid,...
Wei Wan1, Xiao-Li Wang1, Shu-Juan Wang2, Qin Si2 and Li-Qing Duan1*
... monoterpenoids on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities in P. sinica were assessed in vitro. Correlation between numbers of synergistic or antagonistic binary mixtures and AChE or GST activities was analyzed. The results showed that 2-ethylimidazole had the strongest acute toxicity against P. sinica adult, with a median lethal concentration (LC50) value of 0.52 g/L. Among the 66 binary mixtures, 19 showed strong synergisti...
Rabia Anjum
...amyloid cascade, tau and cholinergic hypothesis. Other than that age, family history, injury, high blood pressure and genetic may play an important role in the disease development. Current AD treatment are acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are easily accessible in the market to relief the AD primary symptoms but did not cure it. AD treatment needs a therapeutic approach to minimize its progression. This review focuses on the u...
Rhuan Chaves1, Diego Leal2, Ygor de Paula³, Andreia Vilas Boas4, Ana Toledo4, Sígfrid López-Ferrer5, Vinicius Cantarelli3, Cesar Garbossa2*
...pig diets in the form of choline chloride. However, the use of this synthetic choline has some disadvantages such as high capacity to absorb moisture, oxidative loss of vitamins in feed and its metabolism generates a compound that can taint animal-origin products. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of feeding diets containing natural choline (Kolin plus™ FC) as a repla...
Shawky M Aboelhadid1*, Abdel-Azeem S Abdel-Baki2, Khaled M Hassan3,
Samar M Ibrahium4, Saleh Al-Quraishy5, Ahmed O Hassan6 and Asmaa A Kamel1
...in the activity of acetylcholinesterase enzyme in the house fly larvae 24h post application. In addition, all the treatments induced significant increase in the malondialdehyde activity. In conclusion, nanoemulsion tech and mixing GO+SO increased their insecticidal potency against house fly, C. pipiens and T. castenum. This is a useful method in the integrated pest management. ...
Kremlin Mark B. Ampode1,2,3*, Ramanathan Solaiyappan1, Baskaralingam Vaseeharan1
...assessment through acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in the brain showed no significant difference (P=0.952). The ZnONPs significantly influenced antioxidant biomarkers (SOD, CAT, and GST), while the mortality rate, average body weight, and neurotoxicity of tilapia were not statistically affected. Hence, the addition of ZnONPs in small quantities (3mg/g diet) enhances antioxidant biomarkers and has the potential to serve as a feed additive for improving ani...
