Articles
60 open-access articles · page 1 of 3
Research ArticleApplications of Nanotechnology in Virology
Sarmad Basit Saeed, Samreen Sarmad, Hira Abbas, Muhammad Shahid, Samia Afzal
Recent advancements in nanotechnology have been linked to enormous potential, especially in the field of virology. Nanomaterials including metal nanoparticles, lipid carriers, carbon nanostructures and dendrimers are linked to promising results mainly because…
22 Oct 2026DOI 10.17582/sajz/2026/44.2.99.107
Research ArticleMolecular Identification of Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Neonatal Sepsis Cases in District Sialkot, Pakistan
Hira Ehsan, Rooma Adalat, Abdul Sattar, Saba Manzoor, Uzma Nisar
Neonatal sepsis remains one of the leading causes of newborn morbidity and mortality, requiring accurate identification of pathogens for effective treatment. Among the Gram-negative bacteria, Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae account for high n…
7 Oct 2026DOI 10.17582/sajz/2026/44.2.91.97
Research ArticleThe Study of Dinophyta Species Diversity in the Coastal Waters of Lasbela, Baluchistan
Habibullah, Azra Bano, Muhammed Shareef
An investigation was conducted into the variety of phytoplankton species present in the coastal waters of Lasbela, Baluchistan. Seasonal sampling was conducted From September 2019 to August 2020, at Miani Hor Lagoon and both offshore in the adjacent open water…
29 Sept 2026DOI 10.17582/sajz/2026/44.2.83.90
Research ArticleMutational Spectrum at Some Specific Exons of BRCA1/2 Genes in Female Population of Punjab, Pakistan
Durr-e-Samin Tahir, Muhammad Saif-ur-Rehman, Muhammad Shahnawaz-ul-Rehman
Over two million women worldwide affected by breast cancer in the recent years. Pakistan has the highest rate of breast cancer among the Asian countries. Pathogenic variations of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are a major cause of hereditary ovarian and breast canc…
8 Sept 2026DOI 10.17582/sajz/2026/44.2.73.81
ReviewUnderstanding PRRS: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Histopathology in the Context of Global Swine Health
Riffat Maqsood, Muhammad Suleman, Hussain Abbas, Ali Usman, Muhammad Wasif Gulzar
The disease that caused reproductive and respiratory problems in pigs was once known as “mystery swine disease” before being renamed “porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, (PRRS)” in the United States and Europe. In the early 1…
22 May 2026DOI 10.17582/sajz/2026/44.1.61.71
Research ArticlePhylogeographic Insights and Genetic Divergence of Trogoderma granarium: A Comprehensive Analysis Using Consensus and Concatenated Gene Trees
Roohi Ijaz, Tasur Riaz, Itrat Zahra, Ayesha Liaqat, Awais Ibrahim, Sammi Rasheed et al.
The presence of the globally devastating agricultural pest Trogoderma granarium (Khapra beetle) in Pakistan poses a serious threat to food security and stored grains, especially wheat. Wheat is a crucial economic and nutritional staple for the citizens of Paki…
22 May 2026DOI 10.17582/sajz/2026/44.1.53.59
Research ArticlePlasmid Borne Antibiotic Resistance Factors in Indigenous Shigella boydii Isolated from Diarrheal Patients in Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
Basharat Ahmed, Farah Rauf Shakoori, Syed Shahid Ali, Ansar Ahmed Abbasi, Madiha Khalid, Abdul Rauf
The antimicrobial susceptibility patterns for 110 Shigella boydii isolated from diarrhoeal patients admitted to hospitals in Azad Kashmir Pakistan were analyzed to determine their plasmid profile and changing trends in response to twenty antibiotics. Susceptib…
14 May 2026DOI 10.17582/sajz/2026/44.1.43.52
Research ArticleMorphometric Analysis of Falco peregrinus peregrinus Rescued in Pakistan
Raheema Tahir, Kamran Khan Yousafzai, Noor us Sehar, Javed Mahar, Naeem Ashraf Raja, Jibran Haider et al.
Peregrine falcon Falco peregrinus peregrinus is recognized as the migratory species in the world. This falcon is one of the four subspecies of Falco peregrinus. These birds are poached in Pakistan during their migration. Fortunately, they were rescued by Pakis…
9 May 2026DOI 10.17582/sajz/2026/44.1.37.41
Research ArticleEvaluation of Azo Dye Degradation Potential of Aspergillus niger and Penicillium simplicissimum
Duaa Qaiser, Muhammad Bilal Bin Khalid Farooqi, Abdul Rehman
This study examines the potential of fungal strains for degrading azo dyes, providing an eco-friendly and efficient alternative to traditional methods. For the dye decolorization assay, two fungal strains were used to evaluate their degradation capability on C…
9 May 2026DOI 10.17582/sajz/2026/44.1.29.35
ReviewCoral Reef Communities of Astola Island: The First Marine Protected Area of Pakistan
Mehmood Khan, Aamir Rasool, Yuan Yu
This study emphasizes on the environmental, ecological, geographical, economical and cultural importance, while assessing the current situation, vulnerability and management of Astola island, as the first ever notified marine protected area of Pakistan. Declar…
9 Mar 2026DOI 10.17582/sajz/2026/44.1.11.20
Research ArticleA Collection of Hipparionines from the Middle Siwaliks (Late Miocene) of Pakistan
Zaman Gul, Sayyed Ghyour Abbas, Khalid Mahmood, Muhammad Adeeb Babar, Muhammad Asim, Muhammad Akbar Khan et al.
The present study is focused on the collection of three toed horses known as hipparionines from the Late Miocene of the Siwalik Group of Pakistan. The specimens have been collected from the Dhok Pathan stratotype in the district Talagang and Mohal Pati village…
9 Mar 2026DOI 10.17582/sajz/2026/44.1.21.28
Research ArticleImpact of Provision Food on the Foraging Ecology of Rhesus Macaque (Macaca mulatta) Inhabiting Margalla Hills National Park, Islamabad
Shehar Bano, Muzna Kashaf, Kainat Zamir, Shahzad Aslam, Amjad Rashid Kayani
This study explores the behavioral and dietary impacts of food provisioning on Rhesus macaques in Margalla Hills National Park, Islamabad, focusing on variations across high-provisioning (HP) and low-provisioning (LP) areas, visitor densities, and age-sex grou…
9 Mar 2026DOI 10.17582/sajz/2026/44.1.1.10
Research ArticleEvaluation of Bait Formulations of Coumatetralyl (Racumin) for Rodent Control in Wheat Crop in Pothwar Zone
Uswah Sehar, Irfan Ahmed, Abdul Aziz Khan, Zakia Panhwar
Rodents pose a significant threat to wheat crop, leading to substantial yield loss in agricultural systems. Therefore, there is a need of effective methods for the control of field rats by using chronic poisons. This study aimed to evaluate the preferred bait…
12 Dec 2025DOI 10.17582/sajz/2025/43.2.103.109
Research ArticleExistence of Abnormal Sea Stars of Two Species, Astropecten indicus and Astropecten polycanthus Found in the Coastal Waters of Pakistan
Noor Us Saher, Nadia Ashfaq
Starfish (Astropecten) are the most important and well-known marine invertebrates. Starfish are remarkably diverse and mostly found in submerged habitats. It proved difficult to identify Astropecten species, even though many species are flourishing as planktot…
12 Dec 2025DOI 10.17582/sajz/2025/43.2.99.102
Research ArticleEvaluation of Synthetic Drugs vs. Plant Extracts as Sustainable Antibacterial Agents against Milk-Borne Pathogens: A Greener Approach to Antibacterial Activity
Ansa Iqbal, Afshan Yasmeen, Rana Hadi
Milk, rich in proteins, vitamins, and minerals like calcium, is a key nutritional source but prone to contamination by pathogens, especially in regions lacking robust pasteurization. Multidrug-resistant bacteria, driven by antibiotic overuse, heighten health r…
11 Dec 2025DOI 10.17582/sajz/2025/43.2.91.97
ReviewFundamentals of Fish Farming: Overview of Key Considerations for Fish Culture
Telat Yanik
In aquaculture, understanding the specific feed requirements of fish at various developmental stages and the appropriate feeding frequency is essential for successful production. Feeding systems in aquaculture are generally categorized based on feed type and a…
24 Oct 2025DOI 10.17582/sajz/2025/43.2.83.90
Research ArticlePrevalence of Gastrointestinal Parasites in Pet and Stray Dogs Found in Dir Lower, Pakistan
Javid Khan, Akram Shah
The fecal material of dogs containing infective stages (eggs, larvae, cysts, and oocytes) of the parasite contaminates the soil and represents a great risk for the human health. Regardless of investigations, there is still a deficiency of information concernin…
24 Oct 2025DOI 10.17582/sajz/2025/43.2.75.81
Research ArticleSiamotragulus (Tragulidae: Artiodactyla: Mammalia) from the Siwalik Group of Indian Subcontinent (Pakistan)
Muhammad Akhtar, Sayyed Ghyour Abbas, Muhammad Wajid, Muhammad Adeeb Babar, Fizza Jaber, Muhammad Akbar Khan et al.
The present study deals with the description of a right mandibular fragment having p2-m3 referred to the genus Siamotragulus. This specimen was recovered from the Chinji Formation outcrops (Middle Miocene) of Dhok Bun Ameer Khatoon, District Chakwal, Punjab, P…
24 Oct 2025DOI 10.17582/sajz/2025/43.2.67.73- Articles
Alterations in Hepatorenal Profile of Occupationally Exposed Workers to Welding Fumes
Zeeshan Sharif, Muhammad Amir Iqbal, Javeria Malik, Nabila Roohi, Farwa Liaqat, Husna Ahmad
Welding fumes contain enormous harmful toxicants including Cadmium (Cd2+), iron (Fe2+), aluminium (Al3+), manganese (Mn2+), zinc (Zn2+) and their derivatives that can give rise to multiple chronic ailments in individuals exposed to them. Present investigation…
9 Oct 2025DOI 10.17582/sajz/2025/43.1.59.65 
ArticlesScanning Electron Microscopic Analysis and Biocontrol Potential of Entomopathogenic Fungi Against Grasshoppers
Santosh Kumar, Riffat Sultana
The present study evaluated the pathogenicity of five native strains of entomopathogenic fungi, including Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, A. fumigatus, and two unidentified fungal strains, against various pest species of grasshoppers. To confirm fungal identific…
1 Oct 2025DOI 10.17582/sajz/2025/43.1.37.45