Khalid Usman, Aziz-Ur-Rehman
...N fertilizer application timings as subplot factor were studied in a randomized complete block design with split plot application. The results revealed that zero tillage had higher spikes m-2, 1000 grain weight and biological yield compared to other tillage systems. However, N agronomic efficiency, grain yield and net benefit were similar for all three tillage systems. Regarding N application timing, T3 had highest values fo...
Zaheer Ahmed Deho1, Shamsuddin Tunio2, Qammaruddin Chachar2, Fateh Chand Oad2
...ng of bolls at different timings of picking. Some varieties exhibited higher percent of boll opening, others did not show any response to different planting times. The variety Sadori exhibited higher values for most of the traits like sympodial branches plant-1 (14.28), seed cotton yield plant-1 (51.04g), seed cotton yield (2223kgha-1), ginning out turn (36.8%), seed index (7.4 g), and seed germination (58.5 %) as compared to other varieties. The normal (1st M...
Khurram Shahzad and Mohammad Akmal*
...plicarion of N rates and timings for wheat performance in recent weather condiction. Experiment was conducted at Agronomy Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar in 2015-16 in a randomized complete block (RCBD) design with four replications. Seedbed was prepared as recommended for wheat, planting was made with basic seeds (cv. Pakhtunkhwa) using seed drill in rows spaced 0.25 m equal distances. Recommended rates of phosphorus and potassium were a...
Riaz Alam* and Muhammad Sajid
... justify;">The effect of timing intervals on the rooting response and performance of olive cultivars through Air-Layerage was determined at Olive Model Farm, Sangbhatti Mardan-Pakistan during the year 2014. The experiment was laid out according to Randomized Complete Block Design with two factors factorial arrangement. Air layerings were practiced on July 1, 16, 31; August 15, 30 and September 14 in plants of olive cultivars Frontoio, Manzanilla, Ottobratica, ...
Muhammad Iqbal1, Khalid Usman2*, Muhammad Munir3 and Muhammad Sohail Khan1
... five varied pollination timings i.e., at spathe opening day, 3, 6, 9, and 12 days after spathe opening. Fresh male strand placement technique was used in this study. Strands were cut from a freshly opened male spathe and 2 – 3 strands were placed between the strands of the female inflorescence. Data were collected for fruit set (%), fruit drop (%), fruit yield (kg palm-1) and wide range of physico-chemical quality parameters. Results revealed that polli...
Rana Hanan1*, Muhammad Waqar Shafi1, Sumair Anwar2 and Numrah Nawaz1
...cerns related to college timings and hectic routine and increased frequency of teaching sessions including assessments. Frequency of pre-hypertension was higher in the students especially in the first, second and final years of graduation (MBBS). Pre-hypertensive and hypertensive students were pre-obese or obese and had positive family history of hypertension, consumed fast/junk food in both genders. College timing and inten...
Muhammad Jamal Nasir*, Anwar Saeed Khan and Said Alam
...ount of rainfall but the timing of rainfall is also changed. The study demonstrated mixed type of results about the awareness level of the respondents in relation to climate change. The only adaptation strategy opted by farmers in the study area is change in crop calendar. ...
Ali Ahsan Bajwa*, Ehsanullah*, Shakeel Ahmad Anjum*, Wahaj Nafees*, Mohsin Tanveer* and Hafiz Salman Saeed*
IMPACT OF FERTILIZER USE ON WEED MANAGEMENT IN CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE - A REVIEW
...on attributes. The rate, timing, type and method of fertilizer application affect biological trends of weeds. In conservation tillage systems, the interaction between fertilizers and weeds is very complex, and there are reports of positive as well as negative correlations with weed establishment. Altered physical and chemical properties of reduced-tillage soils result in different weed growth and weed-crop competition periods and thus have indirect impacts on ...
Shahen Shah1*, Manzoor Hussain1, Arshad Jalal1, Mohammad Sayyar Khan2, Tariq Shah1, Muhammad Ilyas1 and Muhammad Uzair3
...kg ha-1) and application timings (100% at sowing, 100% at tillering and 50% at sowing + 50% at tillering) along with a control were allotted to the sub plots. Data regarding number of productive and unproductive tillers m-2, thousand grain weight, grains spike-1, biomass yield and value cost ratio (VCR) of wheat were significantly affected by N and S. Sulfur and its application time prominently influenced the productive tillers m-2 and biomass yield. Nitrogen ...
Malik Muhammad Yousaf1*, Muhammad Zeshan1,2, Mumtaz Hussain1, Muhammad Mohsin Raza1, Muhammad Jahangir Shah1, Bashir Ahmed1 and Sabir Hussain Shah3
...e of N and its placement timings on growth and yield of raya. The experiment was laid out in the factorial arrangement within randomized complete block design (RCBD). Two sources of nitrogen i.e. urea and calcium ammonium nitrate (CAN) and three nitrogen placement timings i.e. ½ at rauni + ½ at flowering (T1), ½ at sowing + ½ at flowering (T2) and ½ at 1st irrigation + ½ at flowering...
Muhammad Salman Wazir and Mohammad Akmal
...d on N split application timing effect on wheat performance as sole or intercrop with other selected species. The study was conducted at Agronomy Research Farm, the University of Agriculture, Peshawar, during winter 2015-16. Treatments included cropping pattern viz. sole and intercrop of lines with 1:1 ratio i.e. one wheat row followed by one other crop species and 2:1 ratio i.e. two wheat rows followed by one other crops rows of Brassica (Brassica juncea), Fa...
Muhammad Nasir1,*, Ata-ul-Mohsan2, Munir Ahmad2, Shafqat Saeed3, Muhammad Asif Aziz2, Muhammad Imran4 and Umer Ayyaz Aslam Sheikh4
...ion period and emergence timing of the first worker were observed best at 28 and 30 ºC. Number of workers produced in the first brood and in the total lifespan of the colony was also observed higher at 28 ºC. Higher number of progeny queens was produced at temperature treatment of 30 ºC. Therefore, 28-30 ºC temperature exposure to the post-hibernated queens was found the best for artificial rearing of B. terrestris and developing str...
Manzoor1*, Ahmad Khan1, Amir Sohail2, Shahzad Ali1, Fawad Ali Shah3, Junaid Iqbal3, Muhammad Owais Khan4 and Sultan Nawaz4
...ow the proper irrigation timing that would maximize yields and profits. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of water stress imposed at low and high sensitive growth stages (six leaves, twelve leaves, flowering and grain filling stages) and role of different planting methods (Ridge, Flat and Broadcast) in soil moisture conservation for maize crop. The research was carried out using RCBD with split plot arrangement having 4 replications at Ag...
Waqas Ahmad Shams1*, Gauhar Rehman1, Khurshaid Khan1, Ibrar Ahmad1, Saima Bibi1, Saif Ul Islam2, Dawood Safi1, Saba Gul Ayaz1
...three years at different timings during the active periods of crab life. To have a comprehensive study of the crab fauna of Buner District, nine different localities were selected for conduction of survey. The results showed that there were two crab species yawi and Smalley. These species belong to Allacanthos. They have gonopod with a distal portion of mesio laterally flattened. They have a cephalic sub distal portion which is concave. There is a narrow margi...
Younis Jamal1, Asad Naeem Shah1, Wasif Amin Butt1, Ahmad Naveed1*, Muhammad Usman1
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECTS OF FUEL INJECTION PARAMETERS ON DIESEL ENGINE PERFORMANCE AND EMISSIONS
...nt nozzles and injection timings. During the experiments, two types of nozzles
known as sac and valve covered orifice (VCO) were used with hemispherical cavity and toroidal cavity pistons,
respectively. Besides an already existing set of sac type nozzles, six distinct combinations of nozzles with varying
cone angles and tip penetration (protrusion) lengths (designated as 135° × 3.5 mm, 140° × 3.5 mm, 145° × 3....
known as sac and valve covered orifice (VCO) were used with hemispherical cavity and toroidal cavity pistons,
respectively. Besides an already existing set of sac type nozzles, six distinct combinations of nozzles with varying
cone angles and tip penetration (protrusion) lengths (designated as 135° × 3.5 mm, 140° × 3.5 mm, 145° × 3....
Shaiza Rasool1, Iftikhar Ahmad1*, Khurram Ziaf1, Irfan Afzal2, Muhammad A.S. Khan1, Muhammad Aashir Sajjad1 and Muhammad Zain Ali1
Seed Conditioning Effects on Germination Performance, Seedling Vigor and Flower Production of Zinnia elegans
...xperiments evaluated the timing and frequency of seed magnetic stimulation to select the most promising treatments for field production testing and flowering. In the first experiment, a 3% moringa leaf extract (MLE) showed the earliest (2.8 d) and the highest germination rate (90%) with an average root length of 4.2 cm. Hydro-priming resulted in the largest seedling fresh weight (0.8 g), seedling shoot length (5.8 cm), and seedling vigor index (980). The seedl...
Muhammad Luqman1*, Roshan Hussain1, Muhammad Yaseen1, Muhammad Umer Mehmood1, Ijaz Asghar2 and Usman Saleem1
Comparative Analysis of Dietary Intake Patterns of Rural and Urban Communities of Southern Punjab, Pakistan
...ocalities, best suitable timing must be kept in mind for specific food group to be included in the meal. Less nutritious food items must be used rarely as they contribute less to develop human health....
Ali Zohaib1*, Habib Ullah2, Shakeel Ahmad Anjum2, Tahira Tabassum2, Muzzammil Hussain1, Mohsin Nawaz3, Ghulam Abbas4 and Sohail Irshad5
Effect of NPK Fertilization Strategies on Growth, Yield, Nutrient Use Efficiency and Economic Benefits of Relay Intercropped Wheat in Cotton
...ted to NPK fertilization timing viz. T1 (control, no NPK application), T2 (all PK at sowing, ½ N at tillering and ½ at booting), T3 (½ PK at sowing, ½ NPK at tillering and ½ N at booting), T4 (all PK at sowing, ½ N at sowing and ½ at tillering), T5 (all PK at tillering, ½ N at tillering and ½ at booting), T6 (all PK at tillering and N at booting) and T7 (all NPK at sowing) on growth, yield, agronom...
Muhammad Furqan1*, Zulfiqar Ali1, Usman Ali2, Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad3, Bushra Nisar Khan1, Waqar Ahmed1, Zakir Hussain1, Mian Amman Ullah1, Nimra Afzal1 and Anjum Ara2
...e preferred (32%) attack timing was the morning time. Three retaliatory killings were reported, 2 at Kalyal and one at Sorakhi locality. Habitat degradation by clearing forests for fuel wood, grazing, agricultural purposes, use of insecticides and retaliatory killing are major threats to the survival of mongoose in the study area. These factors could be controlled through awareness campaigns and better law enforcement in order to conserve this specie.
Bin Liu1,2, Libo Wang2, Dandan Xue2, Peng Xu1, Yuting An2 and Changhu Lu1*
....019), but the migration timing of immature birds was much the same as adults of the same sex in both seasons (Mann-Whitney U test, spring, P=0.571; autumn, P=0.236). Body size and sex were found to affect body mass significantly (ANCOVA, wing length P =0.001; sex P=0.001). No individuals were recaptured in both migration seasons, hence the Blue-and-white Flycatcher may adopt a strategy of one-day stopovers. The Yancheng seaw...
Atta Muhammad Memon1, Ubedullah Kaka2*, Muhammad Umer3, Asghar Ali Kamboh4, Atique Ahmed Behan5, Habibullah Janyaro6, Yong Meng Goh7, Amir Bukhsh Kalhoro6, Jalila Abu8, Khaleeq ur Rehman Bhutto9 and Arsalan Maqbool10
...alanced anaesthesia. The timing of administration and the effect on recovery for specific alhpa2 agonist antidotes in birds have not been widely investigated. This study was conducted to assess the reversal effects of atipamezole administered at the first sign of recovery on medetomidine-ketamine anaesthesia in pigeons. Twelve pigeons were administered with 1) medetomidine as a pre-anaesthetic at 120 µg/Kg, followed 10 min later by ketamine at 30 mg/Kg (...
Moheem Khan1, Arif Ali1*, Shafique Ahmed Memon1, Taimoor Khan Qambrani2, Ghulam Khaliq3, Jahanzaib Khan1, Saghir Ahmed1, Azmat Hussain Abro4 and Sohail Azeem Baloch1
...ht is applied at various timings such as 0, 5, 10, 20, 40 and 60 minutes UV-B light on all developmental stages of T. castaneum. The results revealed that significant mortality was observed in eggs, larvae and pupal stage at all given timings of UV-B light compared with control. Incubation period of eggs, developmental period of larvae and pupae gradually increased as increasing exposure time of UV-B light. Statistically, no...
Jun-Dong Tian1,2, Wei-Jie Guo1,2, Han Yan1, Jie Zhang1, Shu-Liao Tian3 and Ji-Qi Lu1,2,*
...hm which responds to the timing of feces defecation. To test the effect of activity rhythm on fecal microbiota, we used non-invasive sampling method to collect the feces defecated in the morning (AM group) and afternoon (PM group) from a zoo rhesus macaque population. Then 16S rRNA sequencing technology was adopted to assess the microbial communities. The results showed i) the dominant phyla were Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria and Spirochaetace acco...
Kirshan Chand1, Fahad Nazir Khoso1*, Arfan Ahmed Gilal1, Abdul Mubeen Lodhi2, Agha Mushtaque Ahmed1, Ghulam Murtaza Jamro3, Sohail Ahmed Otho1 and Jamal-U-Din Hajano4
...ibration and application timing) but one factor that doesn’t get much attention is the quality of the water used to spray the product which may reflect in the success of spray operation. To know the influence of water quality on pesticide performance, this study was proposed to evaluate the water sources used for mixing the insecticides prior to application. For this purpose, two districts of lower Sindh province i.e., Hyderabad and Tando Allahyar were s...
Hongbin Li1,2, Lei Fang1, 3 and Lei Cao1,2*
...ion for spring migration timing of avian herbivores. However, studies of the green wave hypothesis have focused on species feeding intensively on above-ground primary production. To test whether a facultative grazer strictly follows the green wave, we used 16 complete tracks in time and space of spring migrating tundra bean geese (Anser serrirostris)fitted with telemetry devices from two flyways between Yangtze River Floodplain winter areas and Anadyr (...
Sajid Ali1*, Shahen Shah2, Muhammad Amin2, Asad Ali Khan2, Dawood Ahmad4, Ikram Ullah5, Faiq Ahmad2, Sajjad6 and Sikandar Azam1
...ong with its application timing ½ at vegetative and ½ reproductive stage is recommended for the agro climatic conditions of Peshawar....
Allah Bakhsh1, Attiq Akhtar2, Fiaz Hussain3, Hafiz Wasif Javaad4, Inam ul Haq5* and Humara Umar5
...h to mid-April. Maturity timing in all three cultivars ranged from early June to late June. Fruit of Black Ball cultivar matured earlier (first week of June) as compared to Gilgit Selection and Swat Local fig cultivars (end June). During both years of study, evaluated quantitative parameters revealed that Black Ball variety had maximum fruit weight and firmness (35.27g and 2.4 N.mm-1) followed by Gilgit Selection (28.95g and 2.0 N.mm-1), and Swat Local (24.72g...
Sajid Ali1*, Shahen Shah2, Muhammad Amin3, Asad Ali Khan2, Sajjad Khan4, Dawood Ahmad5, Faiq Ahmad2, Maaz Khan2, Sikandar Azam1, Siddique Ahmad2 and Bismillah Khan2
...(Zn) and its application timing play a very important role in crop productivity. To study its effect on maize, an experiment was conducted at Fodder and Forage Crops Section Harichand, district Charsadda- Pakistan. Two levels of P (90 and 120 kg ha-1) and three levels of Zn (0 i.e., water spray only, 2.5 and 5 kg ha-1) were applied at three application stages (AS) i.e., full at vegetative stage V6 (AS1), full at reproductive stage R2 (AS2) and ½ at V6 a...
Faiq Ahmad1, Shahen Shah1*, Muhammad Amin2, Ikram Ullah3, Sajid Ali4, Maaz Khan1, Muhammad Shakur5 and Sajjad Khan6
...nd N sources application timing (1, 15 and 30 days before sowing). Experiment also consists of two controls: one was 100% N from urea and other was without fertilizer. Organic sources (FYM and PM) added in the field above mentioned days before sowing, while urea applied in split form after sowing. These ratios compensated total of 120 kg N ha-1. Nitrogen application at the rate of 120 kg ha-1 compensated as 50% from FYM and 50% from urea without beneficial mic...
Fei Shang and Pengfei Liu*
...ity of acquiring a mate, timing of reproduction, success in obtaining extra-pair copulation or survival. We measured biometrics in common rosefinch Carpodacus erythrinus among three age groups (Juveniles about 3-month old, yearlings, adults > 2 y) during autumn migration in central China. We found that body measurements changed with age, yearling males have shoretest wing length in three groups and similar to adult female, express female-like wing length an...
Mohamed Mahrous Amer1*, Hanaa Sayed Fedawy2, Hoda Mohamed Mekky2, Khaled Mohamed Elbayoumi2, Ahmed Ali El-Shemy3, Mohamed Abd El-Rahman Bosila2
...dulating the vaccination timing, improving management practices, as well as application of probiotics to improve and restore good gut health.
Keywords | Cellulitis, Experimental infection, Broiler chickens, Clinical signs, Pathological lesion, Control, Colistin, Doxycycline, Hematology, Bacterial diseases
...
Muhammad Noman Khan* and Ghulam Nabi
...um fertilizer source and timing regulate growth, flowering and yield in trees of sweet lime (Citrus limetta L.) was conducted during the year 2019. Experiment was laid out in RCBD split plot arrangement with 2 factors and 3 replications. Potassium sources (Potassium chloride (KCl), Potassium sulfate (K2SO4) and Potassium nitrate (KNO3) were applied on different dates i.e., 15th Feb, 25th Feb, 7th March and 17th March. Potassium sources and its time of applicat...
Zakia Panhwar1, Arfan Ahmed Gilal1*, Lubna Bashir Rajput1, Jamal-U-Ddin Hajano2, Shafique Ahmed Memon3, Naimatullah Koondhar4, Muhammad Ibrahim Kubar1
...asing doses and exposure timings. Maximum mortality and repellency of females after 48 h was recorded in orange oil (100.00±0.00%) and peppermint oil (90.00±0.00%), respectively, both applied at rate of 1.0ml dose, whereas maximum mortality and repellency of males after 48 h was also recorded in orange oil (96.67±3.33%) and peppermint (90.00±0.00%), respectively, applied at rate of 1.0ml dose. After 48 h, the lowest (0.008) and high...
Bilal Atta1*, Arshed Makhdoom Sabir1, Muhammad Dildar Gogi2, Muhammad Asif Farooq3, Muhammad Ijaz1, Tahir Hussain Awan1, Muhammad Ahsin Ayub4, Muhammad Usman Saleem1, Amara Nasiba1
...es based on the specific timing of each pest species. This underscores the significance of early identification using light traps in order to detect pests early on. Implementing timely pest control measures based on these observations can help protect rice crops from significant damage.
Novelty Statement | The novelty of this study lies in its investigation of the effectiveness of light traps fo...
M. Daud AK1,2*, Mahdi Abrar2*, Teuku Reza Ferasyi3,4, Harapan Harapan5,6,7,8
...electing the appropriate timing and approach for conducting control efforts and preventative measures is beneficial in addressing future outbreaks of FMD and other recurring diseases.
Keywords | Foot and mouth disease, Geographic information system, Cloven-hoofed animals, Mapping, Disease outbreak
...
Amir Afzal1*, Sairah Syed1, Hafiz Husnain Nawaz2, Ruqeah Mustafa1, Marjan Aziz1, Madeeha Khan1, Azra Khan3, Uzma Javed1, Attiq Ur Rehman4, Rubab Altaf 5 and Qamar Shakil6
... which can influence the timing and severity of stripe rust epidemics. The evolution and diversity of Pst pose significant challenges for the management and control of stripe rust in wheat crops. Effective strategies for disease control require a better understanding of the genetic and geographic diversity of Pst populations and the factors driving their evolution. Effective monitoring of Pst populations is critical for developing strategies to control stripe ...
MURAD ALI KHAN,MUHAMMAD ADNAN,ZAHID KHAN,KAWSAR ALI,KHALID NAVEED,BUSHRA SHAFI,MUHAMMAD TARIQ,MUHAMMAD ARIF,MUHAMMAD WAQAS
Kalim Ullah,HUJAT ULLAH,ABDUL MATEEN KHATTAK,HABIB UR REHMAN,MUHAMMAD SADIQ,MUHAMMAD AZIM KHAN
ANEES ABBAS,Abdul Khaliq,SHAKEEL A ANJUM,UMAIR ASHRAF,Amar Matloob,IMRAN KHAN
Moinullah, Shahen Shah, Arshad Jalal, Tariq Shah, Wisal Ahmad and Asad Ali Khan
Mohammad Umar* and Gohar Ayub
...le water) and irrigation timings i.e. (Morning, Noon and Evening) on growth and yield of broccoli at Horticulture Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar during the growing season in 2016-17 and repeated in 2017-18. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with split plot arrangement. Irrigation timings were kept in main plot, while irrigation levels in sub plot. Two years average ...
Junaid Khan* and Muhammad Sajid
...150 and 225 kg ha-1) and timing (September, October and November) on fruit quality of guava in winter’ was conducted at farmer field of village, Gher Khan, District, Haripur during 2017-2018 with the objectives to optimize the appropriate dose of nitrogen and timing of application for growth and fruit quality of guava crop in winter. The experiment was laid out in RCBD with split plot arrangement and three replications...
Pangesti Nugrahani1*, Hery Purnobasuki2, Arif Nur Muhammad Ansori3, Jatuporn Anuchai4 and Anugerah Dany Priyanto5,6
...esults revealed that the timing of shoot, root, and leaf initiation was not significantly altered by any of the treatments. However, shoot and root lengths were notably influenced by the treatment without BAP. Intriguingly, treatments without BAP consistently yielded superior growth outcomes, as evident from root growth and the number of leaves observed over 56 days after planting. The treatment of ¼ MS without BAP demonstrated the highest number of roo...
Ray Adil Quddus1, Nisar Ahmad1*, Jalees Ahmad Bhatti1, Anjum Khaleeq2 and Asfand Yar Khan3
... estrus and insemination timing based on automated recorded behaviors in Buffaloes. A total of 100 estrus events episodes of 60 buffaloes having 2nd to 5th parity were studied either automated monitoring system or visual observation. The rate of true estruses detection was higher when estruses were detected by an automated monitoring system than visual observation (30 vs 17, respectively; P<0.05). However, false estruses prediction was lowered by an automat...
Nguyen Phi Bang1,2*, Nguyen Thi Hanh Chi1,2, Ngo Thuy Bao Tran1,2, Nguyen Thi Bich Hanh1,2, Nguyen Ba Trung1,2, Le Thi Thuy Hang1,2
...ristics, and vaccination timing. The study assessed the effectiveness of rabies vaccination in dogs by analyzing data from owners, health records, and serum samples. ELISA tests measured antibody levels, and statistical analysis, including chi-square and t-tests, was used to compare proportions and means, revealing that 80.47% of dogs developed protective antibodies. The highest antibody levels were in dogs aged >12–24 (89.47%, 7.44±0.49 EU/mL,...
