Muhammad Waqas1*, Anwar Ali Shad1, Omaira Bashir2 and Mohsin Iqbal3
... carotenoids from tomato peel was elucidated by HPLC to utilize it as natural colorants in sunflower oil and spaghetti. Tomato peel contained 720 mg/100g of carotenoids consisting phytoene (3.15%) followed by phytofluene (2.31%), β-carotene (2.11%), cis-lycopene (1.71%), lutein (1.51%), cis-ζ-carotene (0.61%), ζ-carotene (0.56%), and γ-carotene (0.52%). Lycopene was found in highest amount (87.52 %). Ant...
Saeeda Raza, Muhammad Naeem Safdar, Amer Mumtaz, Nouman Siddiqui, Khalid Nasim and Muhammad Amjad*
..., germination of pulses, peeling, cutting and blanching of vegetables, drying, roasting, grinding and mixing of ingredients were used. Recipe “A” containing rice, mung, potato and poppy seed was organoleptically preferred. No significant change in moisture content, peroxide value and free fatty acid were observed during three months storage in double polyethylene bags at ambient temperature (20-25 ºC)....
Partial Characterization of α-amylase Produced from Aspergillus niger using Potato Peel as Substrate
Shahzad Mahmood1, Memuna Ghafoor Shahid1, Muhammad Irfan2, Muhammad Nadeem3*, Quratulain Syed3
...e fermentation of potato peels were done by Aspergillus niger for the production of α–amylase. The crude enzyme produced was further characterized. The results showed that enzyme had an optimum pH of 6.0 and stable in range of 4.0-6.0. Optimum temperature of enzyme was 40oC and attained 96% activity at 40oC for 70min. Metal profile showed that α-amylase activity was enhanced in the presence of Ca2+...
Sumera Siddique1,†, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir1, Javed Iqbal Qazi1*, Amtul Bari Tabinda2, Muhammad Irfan1
Screening of some agri-wastes for economical cultivation of Candida tropicalis SS1
... different fruit’s peels. The C. tropicalis SS1 was cultivated in media containing 2% pulverized peels of apples, mangoes, water melon and bagasse singly as well as in eleven different combinations. The media were inoculated with 1% (w/v) suspension of 24 h old yeast cultured in nutrient broth. The strain grew best in water melon (WM) at pH 7.0 and 37 °C under non agitation conditions. The proximate analysis reveal...
Haniya Mazhar1, Naaz Abbas2, Zahid Hussain3, Amir Sohail4, Syed Shahid Ali4*
Extracellular lipase production from Bacillus subtilis using agro-industrial waste and fruit peels
...ion by B. subtilis using peels of different fruits, including banana, orange, water melon and melon as carbon source, was 27.17, 21.37, 10.57 and 8.43 U/ml, respectively. The corn cob produced 12.27 U/ml while waste oils of various industries produced 16.17 U/ml (Shan oil), 13.67 U/ml (automobile), 13.37 U/ml (unbranded waste cooking oil) and 6.03 U/ml (Sitara oil) of enzyme activity when used as substrate for lipase production. It is concluded that among the ...
A.M. Abdul Azeem, A.N. El Shahat* and Ashraf M. Mounir
... activity of pomegranate peel powder as well as to evaluate the effect of gamma-irradiated pomegranate peels extract (GPE) against biochemical alterations of lead induced testicular and hepato-toxicity in rats. From the results, it was obtained that gamma irradiation induced significant increase in the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of pomegranate peels powder. Concurrent ...
Fizza Anwar1, Muddassar Zafar1*, Zahid Anwar1, Raja Tahir Mehmood2
...entration, 1.5 mL banana peel as substrate and 20 days incubation time. The antimicrobial activity of secondary metabolites was tested against Streptococcus aglactaie, Streptococcus pyogene, Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis. The fungus Aspergillus niger was found best among all tested strains as it produced maximum amount of antimicrobial agent Tautomycetin. The antimicrobial activities were determined through disk diffusion a...
Sumaira Abbas1, Muhammad Sultan Haider2,*, Fatima Kafayet1, Sana Ashraf2, Atifa Masood3 and Moazma Batool4
...sius auratus. Citrus peels were collected from local market dried and grinded. Organic solvent extraction was carried out by hexane and acetone mixture (1:1 v/v). Carotenoid concentration was determined by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and found satisfactory. By mixing fish meal, sunflower meal and rice polish four treatment diets, T1, T2, T3, were prepared and citrus peel powder was ad...
Muhammad Abu Bakar Siddique1, Faisal Sohail Fateh2*, Zia-Ur-Rehman1 and Humayun Saleem1
...use it remains in potato peel only. ...
Malik Abdul Rehman1, Shafqat Ali1, Muhammad Babar Shahzad Afzal1, Muhammad Nawaz Khan1 and Mujahid Ali2*
Efficacy of Chemicals and Botanical Extracts to Control Citrus Canker on Kinnow in Sargodha Region
...ruit weight, fruit size, peel thickness, and juice weight. Copper oxychloride and A. cepa extract-treated plant revealed better results. The use of copper oxychloride, difenconazole, and extracts of A. cepa and D. alba are recommended to citrus growers to control canker in Kinnow plantations during the critical period....
Faheem Ahmed Khan1*, Sarzamin Khan2, Qurat-ul-Ain3, Saqib Ishaq1, Muhammad Salman1, Abdul Rehman1, Ikram Ullah4, Kalsoom5 and Johar Jamil5
... g/l) followed by orange peels. Microbial biomass produced on the sugarcane molasses was rich in crude proteins (56 %) followed by that from orange peels. Highest percentage of alanine (24.72%) and aspartic acid (17.83% and 14.57%) were observed in dried single cell microbial protein produced on sugarcane molasses, orange peels and apple waste, respectively. Soybean meal protein source in ...
Ahmad Ur Rahman Saljoqi, Muhammad Salim* and Iftikhar Ahmad
...Citrus aurantium L.) peel extract @ 5%, neem (Azadirachta indica) seed extract @ 5%, neem oil @ 3%, green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea @ 3 eggs plant-1,were applied three times. A total of 30 plants in each treatment were selected randomly for the data collection at 1, 2, 3, 6, 9 and 12 days intervals. Peak population of thrips (51.27 plant-1) was noticed during the last week of April. Results regarding different treatme...
Waseem Khalid1, Ali Ikram1*, Muhammad Rehan2, Farukh Adeem Afzal1, Saadia Ambreen1, Marryam Ahmad3, Afifa Aziz1 and Anam Sadiq1
...ties of seeds as well as peels that have been discarded. These seeds contain high functional and nutritional potential compounds. It is the most exported and consumed fresh fruit and the residues like seeds and peel are commonly thrown out. It is cultivated in many countries and has high financial value worldwide and all this is due to adaptation to climate and various types of soil., Melon is an excellent source of biologic...
Aneeqa Saleem1, Muhammad Islam1, Hamid Saeed1* and Mehwish Iqtedar2
...ithiatic effects of both peel and pulp extractives of Cucumis melo L., in mice model of nephrolithiasis. Extractives of peel and pulp were obtained using hot and cold methods. Ethylene glycol (0.75% V/V) was used IP for 10 days to develop mice model of nephrolithiasis. Extracts were administered at a dose of 400 µg/g for 11 – 21 days. Outcome measures included serum creatinine, uric acid and BUN levels. Si...
Hassan Ali1, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1* and Muhammad Imran Hamid2
...l extracts, particularly peel extract of C. reticulata and leaf extract of S. nigrum and microbial formulations of B. thuringiensis and L. lecanii are recommended to the indigenous farmers as biorational options for the management of T. granarium and other stored grain insect pests....
The Effect of Pomegranate Peel on Soybean Meal Protein Degradation and Milk Production in Dairy Cows
Soliman Mohammed Soliman1*, Mohsen Mahmoud Shoukry2, Ahmed Mohammed El-Okazy1, Ahmed Mahmoud El-Morsy1, Mahmoud Mohammed Soliman1
...on levels of pomegranate peel (PP) on the in situ degradation of soybean meal (SBM) by using three ruminally cannulated. In order to determine the optimal levels of PP to reduce the degradation of SBM, for evaluated their effects on in vitro methane production, in vivo ruminal fermentation and milk production using eighteen lactating crossbred Friesian cows that were randomly assigned to three groups. The first group contains untreated SBM, while the second an...
Fawziah M. Albarakaty*
...um (Prunus domestica L.) peel extracts on certain crucial аnimal microbes. Methodology: The antibacterial activity of plum (Prunus domestica L.) peel extracts in hоt and cold aqueous and ethanol extracts against specific medically significant pathogens isolated from cows and poultry farms were assessed. Additionally, the phytochemical composition of the aqueous and ethanol peel extracts ...
Akbar Hayat1*, Ehsan Ul Haque1, Marayam Nasir2, Rab Nawaz3, Tariq Mahmood4 and Sohaib Afzaal1
...were fruit size, weight, peel thickness, peel percentage, juice percentage, rag percentage, total soluble solids (TSS), acidity, TSS/acid ratio, number of segments, and number of seeds, maturity period and degree of granularity. This was ever important study in Pakistan for evaluating the citrus exotic material of latest generation. This endeavour led to the sound recommendation of sweet oranges like Rhode Red Valencia and S...
Ghazala Nasreen1, Ali Hussain2, Komal Tayyab1, Muhammad Rashid3 and Sumaira Aslam1*
...teria enriched on banana peels) under different diet treatments for a period of 50 days. The diet treatments devised in this study were, T1 (bioflocs only with zero water exchange), T2 (bioflocs only with 10 % weekly water exchange), T3 (bioflocs + 50 % commercial diet and with zero water exchange) and T4 (bioflocs + 50 % commercial diet and with 10 % weekly water exchange). A control experiment C (commercial diet with daily water exchange) was run parallel. A...
O.A. Fabiyi†, G.A. Olatunji* and A.T. Aramide*
...sh and decomposed orange peels
on the nematicidal potential of orange peel oil against Pratylenchus penetrans. Results showed that the
oxidised/brominated orange peel oils were significantly effective at (p ≤ 0.05) than ordinary orange peel oils and
compared with the standard mocap. The decomposed orange
Muhammad Umair1,2, Muhammad Naeem1, Asad Jamil3 and Muhammad Younas2,4*
...biochar (WSB) and orange peel biochar (OPB) were applied after washing with distilled water. Results showed that all treatments improved the soil chemical properties as compared to saline-sodic control. However, maximum decrease in soil ECe (37.63%) and soil pHs (22.61%) was found with application of rice husk biochar @ 0.3% as compared with saline-sodic control. Similarly, maximum decrease in soil Na+ (59.66%) and SAR (63.65%) was also observed in rice husk b...
TAHIR MEHMOOD*, ANUM AFZAL, ABDUL KARIM, MUHAMMAD ASHRAF SHAHEEN &
HINA ARSHAD
...mon (unripe and ripened) peels. In unripe peels the total flavonoid contents, DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging activity and reducing power ranged from 18.23-57.56 mg/g CE (catechin equivalent), 21.69-65.82%, 38.96-84.83% and 0.01-1.8 mg /mL, respectively. For ripened lemon peels all these indicators ranged from 10.53-47.88 mg/g CE, 37.99-81.40%, 42.96-95.93% and 0....
Imran Muhammad Siddique1, Naseem Sharif1*, Abdul Ghaffar2, Mudassar Naseer1, Ammara Noreen3, Naseem Akhtar4 and Safeer ud Din5
...enacious fruit with more peel thickness was observed in LSKS-4 which was 3.31 mm. Highest firmness remained 2.48kg in LSKS-1 of less seeded kinnow. Conclusively less seeded strain LSKS-2 proved best of all the five strains of less seeded kinnow. The study is worthwhile for exploiting natural mutant kinnow strains bearing less seeded fruit of high quality characters through vegetative method of propagation thereby avoiding inevitable heterozygosity and polyemby...
Sarwat Yousuf1, Shaista Emad2 , Mohammad Misbah ur Rehman3, Zehra Batool4, Sara Qadeer5, Yousra Sarfaraz1, Sheeza Sheikh1, Sana Sadaf6 and Tahira Perveen1,*
... potential role of lemon peel oil in neurobehavioral function and oxidative stress. Rats were treated with lemon peel oil at a dose of 0.7, 1.4, 2.1, 2.7, 3.5 g/kg for 14 days. Results showed that lemon peel oil at low doses has antidepressant and anxiolytic activity. Muscular strength was also improved at low doses. The brain antioxidant defense enzymes were also enhanced whereas plasma c...
Muhammad Adeel Farooq1, Shaukat Ali1*, Ali Hassan1, Rida Sulayman1, Muhammad Ahsan Kaleem2, Hafsa Shahzad1, Muhammad Summer1, Arooj Latif1, Tahreem Tanveer1
... meal, wheat bran, apple peels, rice husk, and cucumber peels. The mutant strains of Bacillus subtilis (BSAA-5 to BSAA-40) and Bacillus licheniformis (BLAA-5 to BLAA-40) were prepared by exposure to UV radiation for 5 to 40 min to synthesize α-amylase via submerged fermentation. Then the crude α-amylase synthesized by these mutant strains was optimized and partially characterized. In contrast to wild and all othe...
A.M. Abdul Azeem1, A.N. El shahat1* and Mohamed H.M. Abd el Megid2
...-align: justify;">Citrus peel constitutes an important series of flavonoids such as naringin and its aglycone naringenin that play significant roles against various physiological threats. Synthesis of nano-selenium particles (SeNPs) using a natural source as a reducing agents might have more advantages as an alternative to physical and chemical methods because it is inexpensive and considered environmentally friendly. Therefore, the objective of this study was...
A.M. Abdul Azeem1, A.N. El shahat1* and Mohamed H.M. Abd el Megid2
...-align: justify;">Citrus peel constitutes an important series of flavonoids such as naringin and its aglycone naringenin that play significant roles against various physiological threats. Synthesis of nano-selenium particles (SeNPs) using a natural source as a reducing agents might have more advantages as an alternative to physical and chemical methods because it is inexpensive and considered environmentally friendly. Therefore, the objective of this study was...
Fariha Javaid1*, Zahoor Qadir Samra1, Madeeha Shahzad Lodhi1,2, Aroosha Hussain1 and Gulnaz Pervaiz1
... isolated from the stem, peel, and leaf parts of Ananas comosus. Protease accounts for 60% of the total enzyme market. Being a plant-based cysteine protease, it has various pharmaceutical and biotechnological applications. The isolation and purification cost of the enzyme is highest, so there is a need to develop cost-effective purification methods. This research work aims to purify BRM by using magnetic nanoparticles. After purification, BRM enzyme was charac...
Muhammad Raza Salik1, Muhammad Babar Shahzad Afzal1,2*, Ayesha Komal3, Muhammad Nawaz Khan1, Muhammad Ihsan Ullah4, Faheem Altaf5, Akbar Hayat1 and Hira Tariq1
... no. of seeds per fruit, peel thickness, TSS, acidity%, TSS/acid ratio, and no. of fruit/plant (yield). Results revealed that plant height, spread and canopy volume was significantly higher in T4 as compared to T1. Fruit of larger size was obtained in 2013 in T4 while in 2012 no such effect was observed. Fruits obtained in the year 1 (2012) did not differ in weight but in the second year (2013) plants of T1 yielded fruits of significantly less weight. Signific...
Mahmoud M.A. Youssef1, Wafaa M.A. El-Nagdi1*, Hassan Abd- El-Khair2, Usama S. Elkelany1, Mahfouz M.M. Abd-Elgawad1 and Mona G. Dawood3
...ombined with pomegranate peel aqueous extract (PP) on M. incognita infesting potato cv. Spunta. Based on the percentages juvenile reduction in soil at harvest time, the combined treatments of Tv or Tvr with PP recorded 66.8 or 60.5% nematode reductions, respectively, as each fungal agent was applied in soil before planting. However, such reductions were 83.7 and 78.7%, respectively, when Tv or Tvr were used as single treatments indicating more efficacy on M. i...
Maria Kikelomo Adegun1*, Femi Godwin Ekundayo1, David Daisi Ajayi2
...ed that included cassava peels ensiled with urea (UTCP) and graded amounts of Gliricidia sepium fodder (GSF). Sixteen yearling WAD rams with an average weight of 12±1 kg was randomly assigned into four treatments (T1, T2, T3, and T4) in a ten-week trial. The rams assigned to T2, T3, and T4 were fed 90% UTCP+10% GSF, 80% UTCP+20% GSF, and 70% UTCP+30% GSF, in that order while T1 served as the control group. The data did not show a statistically significa...
Rizqan*, Hilda Susanty, Linda Suhartati, Azhar, Arief, Elly Roza
...racted from citrus fruit peels, waste materials, and other sources. The objective of this research was to prepare an eco-enzyme using citrus fruit peel (Citrus reticulata) and analyze its organoleptic properties as well as its inhibitory effects against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli pathogens. Eco-enzyme was prepared from citrus peel waste, resulting in a solution with a typic...
Theresia Nur Indah Koni*, Yeria Banoet, Welhelmina Wahon, Cytske Sabuna, Melkianus Dedimus Same Randu, Yanse Yane Rumlaklak, Tri Anggarini Yuniwati Foenay
...trient content of banana peels and their use on performance of crossbred native chickens. Banana peels were fermented (FBP) anaerobically for 21 days with addition of 10% tapioca flour as an additive. Then banana peels without and with fermentation were analyzed for their nutrient content. This fermented banana peel was then applicated to the crossbred n...
Diky Ramdani1*, Dwi Cipto Budinuryanto1,2, Siti Darodjah Rasad1, Novi Mayasari3, Krisna Rizki Rismawan1, Muhammad Fajryanto Solihin1, Ririn Siti Rahmatillah1
...>The inclusion of Papaya peel silage (PPS) is believed to improve the nutritional quality of dietary paddy straw silage (PSS) in sheep, showcasing its potential as an anthelmintic. A total of 18 naturally Strongylus-infected Priangan male lambs (initially with an average mean of 120 ± 31.8 eggs/g feces) were allocated using a completely randomized design. The objective was to compare three different as-fed doses of PPS inclusion, comprising 0% (PPS-0), ...
Saadatin Nurul Jannah1, Edhy Sudjarwo1, Osfar Sjofjan2*
... experiment using garlic peel powder as a material, an active substance content test using a quantitative flavonoid test, and antioxidant activity. Additionally, onion peels are used as a feed additive for broiler chickens to evaluate production performance and blood profile. The material used was 189 one-day-old commercial broiler chickens (unsexing). This study consisted of 9 treatments and 3 tests. The treatment used was ...
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